A method and system for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of black soil ecological environment

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ecological dynamic intelligent monitoring, in particular to a black soil ecological environment intelligent monitoring and evaluation method and system, comprising dividing a black soil monitoring area to obtain a grid division result, analyzing the monitoring device coverage state of the monitoring area according to the monitoring area condition and the grid division result; at the same time, adjusting the number of monitoring devices in the monitoring module to obtain an information monitoring module of the monitoring area; obtaining initial monitoring data through the information monitoring module, optimizing the data to obtain target monitoring data; constructing a multi-parameter evaluation system and combining the target monitoring data to obtain a comprehensive analysis result of the evaluation index, thereby realizing intelligent monitoring and accurate evaluation of the black soil ecological environment. The present application is based on the comprehensive analysis result and the multi-parameter index analysis and masters the change of the black soil ecological environment, which is helpful to realize intelligent monitoring and sustainable development of the black soil ecological environment.

Description

A method and system for intelligent monitoring and assessment of the ecological environment of black soil Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological dynamic intelligent monitoring technology, specifically to an intelligent monitoring and assessment method and system for the ecological environment of black soil. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the black soil ecosystem has faced multiple severe challenges, resulting in serious damage to soil structure and a significant decline in soil fertility. This has led to reduced crop yields and lower quality, threatening the stability and sustainable development of agricultural production. At the same time, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has increased the content of harmful substances in the soil, further exacerbating the deterioration of the black soil ecosystem.

[0003] Traditional methods for monitoring the ecological environment of black soil mainly rely on regular manual sampling and laboratory analysis. While these methods can obtain a certain amount of data, they have many limitations. Firstly, the selection of sampling points is subjective, making it difficult to comprehensively and scientifically cover the entire black soil monitoring area, resulting in data that cannot accurately reflect the overall condition of the black soil ecological environment. Secondly, traditional methods lack data optimization and processing mechanisms, making it difficult to guarantee data quality and meet the needs of large-scale data processing, thus hindering the timely detection of changes and problems in the black soil ecological environment. Thirdly, traditional monitoring methods lack real-time perception and early warning capabilities for dynamic environmental changes, making it impossible to predict the risk level of the black soil ecological environment and implement targeted management.

[0004] Therefore, in order to effectively protect the black soil ecosystem and achieve its sustainable use, an efficient, accurate, and reliable intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the black soil ecological environment is needed to provide technical support for the protection and sustainable development of black soil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing methods and the needs of practical applications, this study aims to scientifically plan ecological environment monitoring data sampling points, ensuring comprehensive and reasonable coverage of the entire black soil monitoring area, and enabling the data to accurately reflect the overall ecological environment status of the black soil. Simultaneously, the data will be optimized to meet information processing requirements, providing a reliable basis for subsequent ecological environment monitoring and analysis. Furthermore, to achieve risk level classification of the black soil ecological environment, a multi-parameter ecological environment evaluation mechanism will be constructed for targeted management and analysis. On the one hand, this invention provides an intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the ecological environment of black soil. The method includes the following steps: dividing the black soil monitoring area to obtain a grid division result; analyzing the coverage status of monitoring equipment in the black soil monitoring area based on the monitoring area conditions and the grid division result; adjusting the number of monitoring devices in the monitoring module according to the monitoring equipment coverage status and the grid division result, and obtaining an information monitoring module for the black soil monitoring area; obtaining initial monitoring data of the black soil ecological environment through the information monitoring module; optimizing the initial monitoring data to obtain target monitoring data for the black soil monitoring area; constructing a multi-parameter evaluation system for the black soil ecological environment; combining the target monitoring data and the multi-parameter evaluation system to obtain a comprehensive analysis result of the evaluation indicators; and realizing intelligent monitoring and accurate assessment of the black soil ecological environment based on the comprehensive analysis result and the multi-parameter evaluation system.

[0006] The multi-parameter evaluation system of this invention comprehensively considers various factors affecting the ecological environment of black soil, accurately reflects the overall status and changing trends of the black soil ecological environment, avoids the one-sidedness of single-indicator evaluation, and can collect and analyze data in real time, promptly identify ecological environment problems and changing trends, which helps to take targeted management measures to further protect and improve the ecological environment of black soil.

[0007] Optionally, the process of dividing the black soil monitoring area into grids to obtain the grid division result includes: acquiring historical data of the black soil monitoring area; determining the information collection area, key monitoring area, and monitoring coverage rate of the black soil monitoring area based on the historical data; and dividing the black soil monitoring area into grids according to the information collection area, the key monitoring area, and the monitoring coverage rate to obtain the grid division result of the black soil monitoring area. This invention's grid division of the black soil monitoring area allows for more rational grid size, shape, and distribution. Each grid can be allocated corresponding monitoring resources and tasks according to the characteristics and monitoring needs of its area, contributing to the scientific operation of information monitoring work.

[0008] Optionally, the step of analyzing the monitoring equipment coverage status of the black soil monitoring area based on the monitoring area conditions and the grid division results includes: selecting and marking the monitoring equipment deployment points in the black soil monitoring area according to the grid division results; establishing a monitoring equipment coverage analysis function; analyzing the monitoring coverage of different monitoring equipment based on the monitoring equipment deployment points and the monitoring equipment coverage analysis function; obtaining the comprehensive coverage rate of the black soil monitoring area based on the monitoring coverage of different monitoring equipment; and analyzing the monitoring equipment coverage status of the black soil monitoring area based on the comprehensive coverage rate.

[0009] This invention determines deployment points based on grid division results, which can fully consider factors such as the topography, landform, and ecological characteristics of black soil, thus improving the rationality and effectiveness of equipment deployment schemes.

[0010] Optionally, the step of adjusting the number of monitoring devices within the monitoring module based on the coverage status of the monitoring devices and the grid division results to obtain information on the black soil monitoring area includes: obtaining the effective coverage area of ​​different monitoring devices based on their monitoring coverage; analyzing the basic number of devices in the black soil monitoring area based on the effective coverage area; analyzing the basic number of devices in key monitoring areas based on the grid division results; constructing a device quantity analysis formula based on the basic device quantity and the basic device quantity; and determining the final number of devices in the black soil monitoring area through the device quantity analysis formula.

[0011] This invention combines routine monitoring areas and key monitoring areas based on equipment quantity analysis, avoiding the blind increase or decrease of equipment quantity and helping to reduce the economic cost of the monitoring system.

[0012] Optionally, the step of adjusting the number of monitoring devices in the monitoring module based on the coverage status of the monitoring devices and the grid division results to obtain the information monitoring module for the black soil monitoring area includes: adjusting the number of monitoring devices in the monitoring module based on the key monitoring area, the effective coverage area, and the final number of devices to obtain the adjusted number of monitoring devices; optimizing the location of the monitoring devices in the monitoring module based on the grid division results and the final number of devices to obtain the optimized location of the monitoring devices; and obtaining the information monitoring module for the black soil monitoring area based on the adjusted number of monitoring devices and the optimized location of the monitoring devices.

[0013] This invention adjusts the location of monitoring equipment based on the grid division results and the final number of devices, which can distribute the equipment in a more reasonable location, reduce the impact of environmental factors on the monitoring equipment, improve the operational stability of the equipment, and thus ensure the accurate collection, transmission and storage of monitoring data.

[0014] Optionally, the step of obtaining initial monitoring data of the black soil ecological environment through the information monitoring module and optimizing the initial monitoring data to obtain target monitoring data for the black soil monitoring area includes: establishing a signal optimization function based on the signal attenuation and transmission status of the initial monitoring data; processing the initial monitoring data using the signal optimization function to obtain signal-optimized monitoring data; setting a signal smoothing function; and analyzing the signal-optimized monitoring data using the signal smoothing function to obtain target monitoring data for the black soil monitoring area.

[0015] This invention optimizes and smooths the initial monitoring data, making the monitoring data more comparable and consistent, and providing an information foundation for the comprehensive assessment and scientific management of the black soil ecological environment.

[0016] Optionally, the multi-parameter evaluation system for the ecological environment of black soil includes: setting up an environmental evaluation layer, an economic evaluation layer, and a social evaluation layer in the multi-parameter evaluation system; the environmental evaluation layer includes soil quality indicators, water resource indicators, and biodiversity indicators; the economic evaluation layer includes agricultural economic benefit indicators, ecological industry economic benefit indicators, and economic sustainability indicators; the social evaluation layer includes public environmental awareness indicators, social stability indicators, and policy guarantee indicators.

[0017] This invention provides a scientific basis for the rational allocation of black soil resources. The environmental evaluation layer helps to understand the ecological carrying capacity of different regions of black soil; the economic evaluation layer assesses the economic benefits of different development and utilization methods; and the social evaluation layer provides a reference for policy formulation and resource allocation.

[0018] Optionally, the step of obtaining the comprehensive analysis results of the evaluation indicators by combining the target monitoring data and the multi-parameter evaluation system includes: setting an indicator standardization processing function and an indicator weight allocation model in the multi-parameter evaluation system; using the indicator standardization processing function to standardize different indicators in the multi-parameter evaluation system to obtain a multi-parameter standard evaluation system; obtaining the entropy weight analysis results of different indicators in the multi-parameter standard evaluation system through the indicator weight allocation model and the target monitoring data; introducing a comprehensive index method; obtaining the comprehensive value analysis results of different indicators based on the comprehensive index method, the entropy weight analysis results, and the multi-parameter standard evaluation system; and obtaining the comprehensive analysis results of the evaluation indicators based on the comprehensive value analysis results.

[0019] This invention obtains the weight analysis results of different indicators through an indicator weight allocation model, avoiding the bias caused by subjective weighting, making the weight allocation more scientific and reasonable, and truly reflecting the importance of each indicator in the ecological environment evaluation of black soil.

[0020] Optionally, the intelligent monitoring and accurate assessment of the black soil ecological environment based on the comprehensive analysis results and the multi-parameter evaluation system includes: setting a reference standard for the evaluation level of the black soil ecological environment; classifying the black soil ecological environment into levels by combining the evaluation level reference standard, the comprehensive analysis results, and the multi-parameter evaluation system, and obtaining the level classification results of the black soil ecological environment; and realizing the safety assessment and sustainable development assessment of the black soil ecological environment based on the level classification results.

[0021] This invention establishes an evaluation level reference standard, providing an objective and unified reference basis for the assessment of the black soil ecological environment. By quantifying and evaluating various indicators according to the standard, the interference of subjective factors is avoided, making the assessment results more scientific and accurate.

[0022] Secondly, to efficiently execute the intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the black soil ecological environment provided by this invention, this invention also provides an intelligent monitoring and assessment system for the black soil ecological environment, including a processor, an input device, an output device, and a memory. The processor, input device, output device, and memory are interconnected. The memory stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. The processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute the intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the black soil ecological environment as described in the first aspect of this invention. The intelligent monitoring and assessment system for the black soil ecological environment of this invention has a compact structure and stable performance, and can stably execute the intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the black soil ecological environment provided by this invention, thereby improving the overall applicability and practical application capability of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the black soil ecological environment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the grid division of the black soil monitoring area according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the intelligent monitoring and assessment system for the black soil ecological environment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Referring to Figure 1, in order to scientifically plan the layout of ecological and environmental data sampling points and ensure that the sampling points can comprehensively and reasonably cover the entire black soil monitoring area, and to optimize the data to better meet data processing requirements, providing a solid and reliable basis for subsequent ecological and environmental monitoring and analysis, it is also necessary to classify the ecological and environmental risk levels and, in conjunction with a multi-parameter ecological and environmental evaluation mechanism, conduct objective analysis and intelligent evaluation of the black soil ecological environment. This invention provides an intelligent monitoring and evaluation method for the black soil ecological environment, which includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. The black soil monitoring area is divided into grids to obtain the grid division results. Based on the monitoring area conditions and grid division results, the coverage status of monitoring equipment in the black soil monitoring area is analyzed. The specific implementation steps and contents are as follows:

[0028] To efficiently monitor the ecological environment of black soil, the first step is to divide the black soil monitoring area into grids. This grid division will facilitate the development of a scientific and reasonable monitoring deployment and design plan, fully leveraging the monitoring equipment's effectiveness and achieving optimal monitoring efficiency. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0029] The first step is to obtain historical data for the black soil monitoring area.

[0030] The comprehensive acquisition of historical data for the black soil monitoring area mainly covers the actual situation of the black soil monitoring area and the historical information collection database. The above data is the basis for subsequent comprehensive collection of data related to the area, which helps to gain a deeper understanding of the characteristics of the black soil monitoring area and provides a reference for subsequent monitoring and evaluation work.

[0031] The second step is to further determine the key monitoring elements of the black soil monitoring area based on the collected historical data, including but not limited to the information collection area, key monitoring area, and monitoring coverage.

[0032] Based on the actual situation and information database, the area where information needs to be collected in the black soil ecological environment monitoring area is determined to identify the information collection area; the specific location and scope of the key monitoring area are determined to enable key areas to be monitored in a focused manner, which is conducive to the subsequent location and focus on key monitoring areas; the edge location of the monitoring area is determined to provide clear boundaries for subsequent grid division; and the expected monitoring area coverage target is set according to actual needs to ensure that the monitoring work can achieve the expected results and further meet the pre-set monitoring coverage target.

[0033] The third step is to divide the black soil monitoring area into grids based on the information collection area, key monitoring area, and monitoring coverage rate, so as to obtain the grid division results of the black soil monitoring area.

[0034] Based on the requirements for information collection areas, key monitoring areas, and monitoring coverage, the black soil monitoring area is divided into grids. The specific operation is as follows:

[0035] In this embodiment, a grid division algorithm is used to process the black soil monitoring area into grids. During the division process, factors such as the size of the information collection area, the coverage of the monitoring equipment, and the positioning requirements need to be comprehensively considered to determine the number and size of the grids in the black soil monitoring area. The grid division process should follow the principles of uniformity and rationality to ensure that it accurately reflects the ecological environment characteristics of the black soil monitoring area and provides information for the subsequent deployment of monitoring equipment.

[0036] This embodiment divides the grid according to key monitoring elements, uses a grid division algorithm and comprehensively considers multiple factors to determine the number and size of the grids, so that the grid division results can accurately reflect the ecological environment characteristics of the black soil monitoring area, provide a scientific basis for subsequent deployment of monitoring equipment, avoid the randomness and blindness of equipment deployment, and provide a guarantee for the effective monitoring of the black soil ecological environment.

[0037] After completing the grid division of the black soil monitoring area, it is necessary to further analyze the coverage status of the monitoring equipment in order to reasonably adjust the equipment layout scheme and improve monitoring efficiency. Therefore, the following analysis work will be carried out:

[0038] The first step is to select and mark the deployment points of monitoring equipment in the black soil monitoring area based on the grid division results.

[0039] In this embodiment, grid intersections are used as alternative deployment locations for monitoring equipment, providing diverse options for equipment installation. When selecting alternative locations, the potential impact of actual factors such as terrain, landforms, and obstacles in the black soil monitoring area on equipment installation and monitoring effectiveness must be fully considered. Low-lying areas prone to water accumulation should be avoided to prevent equipment damage or signal transmission interference; areas obstructed by tall buildings should be avoided to prevent buildings from blocking monitoring signals; and areas with excessively dense vegetation should be avoided to prevent vegetation from affecting signal propagation and reception. Through comprehensive investigation, locations that are clearly unsuitable for equipment installation are eliminated to ensure the scientific and rational nature of the alternative deployment locations.

[0040] To visually present the deployment plan of the monitoring equipment and facilitate subsequent deployment optimization and monitoring management, a grid division diagram of the black soil monitoring area is drawn based on a graphical annotation method in this embodiment. Please refer to Figure 2 for details. In Figure 2, small dots mark the deployment locations of the monitoring equipment, and dashed circles indicate the expected monitoring range of different monitoring equipment. This intuitive graphical annotation method enables relevant personnel to clearly understand the equipment deployment locations and planning layout, providing convenience for subsequent work.

[0041] The second step is to establish a coverage analysis function for monitoring equipment.

[0042] Based on the grid processing results of the black soil monitoring area, the coverage gaps, i.e., missing information collection, were analyzed. As shown in Figure 2, the rectangular area where two circles intersect is prone to coverage gaps. Specifically, all four vertices of a square are covered by monitoring equipment, but the square itself is not fully monitored. By analyzing the grid coverage, areas with potential coverage gaps can be accurately identified, providing a basis for subsequent equipment deployment optimization.

[0043] The embodiment sets clear effective coverage determination conditions. When the distance from the monitoring device to the four vertices of any square is less than the monitoring radius, the square is considered to be effectively covered by the monitoring device. This determination condition provides a clear and explicit standard for coverage assessment and equipment deployment optimization, which helps to improve the accuracy and completeness of monitoring information.

[0044] The lower left vertex of any square is represented as Then the set of vertices of the grid can be represented as To simplify the model, assume the mesh side lengths are as follows: and In practical applications, the coordinate increments can be adjusted according to the actual size of the grid to ensure the accuracy and applicability of the model.

[0045] The deployment location of any monitoring device is represented as Further derive the monitoring equipment deployment matrix And the matrix satisfies the following conditions:

[0046]

[0047] in, This represents an element in the monitoring equipment deployment matrix, where 1 indicates that the monitoring equipment is covered and 0 indicates that the monitoring equipment is not covered.

[0048] Based on the above information analysis, the coverage of a single device in the monitoring area can be analyzed using the monitoring device coverage analysis function, which satisfies the following relationship:

[0049]

[0050] in, This represents a single-device coverage analysis function for a single vertex. This represents the deployment matrix of monitoring equipment. Indicates the location where the monitoring equipment is deployed. Represents grid coordinates and , Represents the set of grid vertices. This represents the radiation radius of the black soil monitoring equipment; 1 indicates that the above conditions are met. Indicates a single device For a single vertex There is coverage; 0 indicates that the above conditions are not met. Indicates a single device For a single vertex No coverage. This function can be used to analyze the coverage status of grids (black soil monitoring area) at the location of the monitoring device. When the distance from the monitoring device to any of the four vertices of a grid is less than the monitoring radius, the grid can be considered to be effectively covered. This provides a clear quantitative basis for coverage assessment and equipment deployment optimization, and helps to improve the completeness and feasibility of ecological environment monitoring information.

[0051] To further clarify the coverage determination logic, at least one vertex must be covered, and the grid coverage determination function must satisfy the following relationship:

[0052]

[0053] in, This represents the function for determining grid coverage. This represents a single-device coverage analysis function for a single vertex.

[0054] The grid coverage determination function is used to determine whether the entire grid is covered by the monitoring equipment, and the coverage status of the grid is intuitively reflected through a binary result; the above determination function is a double summation operation, with the outer summation... Summing the inner layer Traverse all possible device deployment locations within the monitoring area. The summation result represents the coverage vertices across all devices. The number of devices, this function indicates that the square is covered and at least one vertex is covered, providing a quantitative basis for subsequent coverage analysis.

[0055] Grid Coverage Decision Function The determination logic is that at least one vertex is covered, as follows:

[0056] When the condition is met hour For the vertices in the grid The number of devices covering the vertex is calculated by double summation. If this number is greater than or equal to 1, it means that at least one monitoring device covers the vertex. Other cases hour In other words, no device covers the vertex. This indicates that none of the four vertices of the square are covered, meaning that none of the vertices within the square are covered by the monitoring device.

[0057] The third step is to analyze the monitoring coverage of different monitoring devices based on the deployment points of the monitoring devices and the monitoring device coverage analysis function.

[0058] Based on the established deployment points of monitoring equipment, the coverage analysis function of monitoring equipment, and the effective coverage judgment conditions, the monitoring coverage of different monitoring equipment is analyzed. By calculating the coverage of each equipment at the grid vertices and combining it with the grid coverage judgment function, the coverage range and effect of each equipment in the monitoring area are evaluated. Based on this, the coverage capabilities and differences of different equipment in different locations can be analyzed, which helps to identify areas with weak coverage and areas with overlapping coverage, and provides reference support for subsequent equipment adjustments and optimizations.

[0059] The fourth step is to obtain the comprehensive coverage rate of the black soil monitoring area based on the monitoring coverage of different monitoring devices.

[0060] Under the above-mentioned monitoring equipment deployment scheme, the network coverage rate of the black soil monitoring area is further calculated to intuitively reflect the overall coverage of the monitoring area under the equipment deployment scheme. The above-mentioned network coverage rate calculation formula satisfies the following relationship:

[0061]

[0062] in, This indicates the network coverage rate of the black soil monitoring area. This indicates the result of the grid coverage determination. This indicates the total number of grids in the black soil monitoring area. This represents the grid coordinates. The network coverage calculation formula allows for accurate calculation of the overall coverage rate of the black soil monitoring area, providing a quantitative basis for optimizing equipment deployment.

[0063] The fifth step is to analyze the coverage status of monitoring equipment in the black soil monitoring area based on the comprehensive coverage rate.

[0064] Based on the aforementioned comprehensive coverage rate, monitoring equipment deployment points, monitoring equipment coverage analysis function, and effective coverage judgment conditions, the monitoring equipment coverage status of the black soil monitoring area is analyzed to assess whether the current equipment deployment plan meets the monitoring requirements. If the comprehensive coverage rate does not meet the expected target, the reasons for insufficient coverage are analyzed, and targeted optimization suggestions are proposed based on the analysis results, such as adjusting the equipment deployment location, to improve the coverage rate and monitoring efficiency of the monitoring area.

[0065] By following the steps above, we can gain a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the coverage status of monitoring equipment in the black soil monitoring area. This provides a reference for the scientific and rational deployment and optimization of monitoring equipment, which is conducive to improving the practical application effect of the black soil ecological environment monitoring system, optimizing monitoring efficiency, and providing technical support for the protection and scientific management of the black soil ecological environment.

[0066] S2. To achieve effective monitoring of the ecological environment information of black soil, the number of monitoring devices in the monitoring module was adjusted based on the coverage status of the monitoring equipment and the grid division results, and an information monitoring module for the black soil monitoring area was constructed. The specific implementation steps and contents are as follows:

[0067] The first step is to determine the effective coverage area of ​​different monitoring devices based on their monitoring coverage.

[0068] Based on the monitoring coverage analysis of different monitoring devices, the effective coverage area of ​​each device was determined. Firstly, considering key factors such as the area of ​​the information collection area, the needs of key monitoring areas, and the controllable monitoring range of the monitoring devices, the total area of ​​the black soil information collection area was set as follows: The effective coverage area (expressed as area) of a single device is .

[0069] The second step is to analyze the number of basic equipment in the black soil monitoring area based on the effective coverage area.

[0070] Considering coverage overlap and fault redundancy among devices, this embodiment introduces two correction factors to estimate the basic number of devices in the black soil monitoring area, where the device coverage overlap correction factor is: , Depending on the actual situation, its value can be set between 1.1 and 1.3, mainly used to compensate for the overlapping parts between equipment coverage areas, ensuring that there are no blind spots in the monitoring area; the equipment fault redundancy correction factor is... , Based on the requirements of equipment reliability and monitoring continuity, the value is determined to be between 1 and 1.2 to cope with possible equipment failures and ensure the continuity of monitoring work. The basic number of devices required for the black soil monitoring area is further estimated using the following calculation formula:

[0071]

[0072] in, This indicates the number of basic monitoring devices in the black soil monitoring area. This represents the correction factor for device coverage overlap. The correction factor representing equipment fault redundancy. This represents the total area of ​​the black soil monitoring region. This represents the effective coverage area of ​​a single device. This formula can estimate the basic number of devices required for monitoring black soil areas based on device coverage overlap, fault redundancy, the monitoring area, and the coverage area of ​​a single device, providing an initial reference value for subsequent optimization of the number of devices.

[0073] The third step is to analyze the number of basic facilities in key monitoring areas based on the grid division results.

[0074] The above basic equipment quantity calculation formula only considers the area and equipment coverage, and does not fully take into account the special needs of key monitoring areas. Key monitoring areas have higher monitoring accuracy and frequency requirements. To meet practical application needs, the equipment quantity needs to be calculated separately for key monitoring areas. Let the area of ​​the key monitoring area be... The required equipment coverage density for key monitoring areas is (Number of devices required per unit area), then the number of devices required in the key monitoring area. The calculation formula is as follows;

[0075]

[0076] in, The required number of devices for key monitoring areas of black soil. This indicates the equipment coverage density in key monitoring areas. This indicates the area of ​​the key monitoring zone for black soil. The actual equipment coverage density is then determined. When conducting monitoring, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as the ecological environment characteristics of key monitoring areas, monitoring targets, and equipment performance to ensure that key monitoring areas can be fully and effectively monitored.

[0077] The fourth step is to construct an analysis formula for the number of equipment based on the number of basic equipment and the number of fundamental equipment.

[0078] To ensure that the equipment needs of key monitoring areas are met first, while also taking into account the overall equipment allocation across the region, a demand analysis function is introduced. and overlap ratio and number of backup devices .

[0079] Overlap ratio The calculation formula is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] in, Indicates the overlap ratio. This indicates the overlapping area between the key monitoring area and the overall monitoring area. This represents the total area of ​​the black soil monitoring area. If the key area is completely included within the overall area and its area is 20% of the total area, then... .

[0082] Number of backup devices The number of backup devices needs to be determined based on factors such as equipment failure rate and maintenance cycle. In this embodiment, it is set as a quantity. This is to ensure that the monitoring system can still function normally even if some equipment malfunctions.

[0083] Through demand analysis functions This ensures that the needs of key areas are prioritized, while also taking into account the overall equipment allocation across the region. Two values ​​can be compared, and the larger one can be selected as the result. The first parameter, n, represents the minimum equipment requirements for the entire monitoring area; the second parameter... The number of devices in key monitoring areas will be determined based on the priority of allocating monitoring devices according to the needs of key areas, if the demand in key areas exceeds the basic demand (n).

[0084] When the key area does not overlap with the overall area, the final number of devices satisfies the following relationship:

[0085]

[0086] This expression compares the number of basic equipment. (Minimum equipment requirements for the entire monitoring area) and the number of devices in key monitoring areas Choose the larger one as the result, and add it to the number of backup devices. This ensures that while meeting the basic monitoring needs of the entire region, priority is given to ensuring the equipment configuration of key monitoring areas.

[0087] When the key area overlaps with the overall area, the final number of devices satisfies the following relationship:

[0088]

[0089] in, This indicates the final number of devices used for monitoring the black soil area. This represents the requirements analysis function. This indicates the number of basic monitoring devices in the black soil monitoring area. This indicates the number of devices used in key monitoring areas of the black soil region. This indicates the area of ​​key monitoring areas within the black soil monitoring region. This represents the total area of ​​the black soil monitoring region. Indicates the overlap ratio. This indicates the number of backup devices in the black soil monitoring area.

[0090] This expression, while considering the equipment demand in key monitoring areas, further takes into account the impact of overlapping areas on equipment allocation. By dynamically calculating equipment demand values, equipment resources can be allocated more rationally.

[0091] In addition, a comprehensive redundancy coefficient is introduced in the embodiment, and the following relationship is satisfied;

[0092]

[0093] The value of the above-mentioned comprehensive redundancy coefficient is set to 5%~10%.

[0094] Therefore, the final number of devices in the black soil monitoring area can be expressed as:

[0095]

[0096] in, This indicates the final number of devices used for monitoring the black soil area. This represents the requirements analysis function. This indicates the number of basic monitoring devices in the black soil monitoring area. This indicates the number of devices used in key monitoring areas of the black soil region. This indicates the number of backup devices in the black soil monitoring area. Represents the overall redundancy coefficient. This indicates the area of ​​key monitoring areas within the black soil monitoring region. This represents the total area of ​​the black soil monitoring region. This indicates the overlap ratio. This analytical expression comprehensively considers the impact of various factors on the number of devices from different perspectives, providing another scientific basis and quantitative method for determining the number of devices.

[0097] The fifth step is to use equipment quantity analysis to determine the final number of equipment in the black soil monitoring area.

[0098] Based on the above-mentioned equipment quantity analysis formula, and combined with detailed calculations and analysis of actual conditions, the final number of equipment for the black soil monitoring area was determined. During the calculation process, the influence of various factors needed to be fully considered to ensure that the final determined number of equipment could meet the actual needs of black soil ecological environment monitoring, and possess adaptability and flexibility within a certain range.

[0099] The sixth step is to deploy and set up the black soil ecological environment information monitoring module.

[0100] Based on the final determined number of devices and the grid division results, the monitoring equipment will be deployed rationally. During deployment, the impact of terrain, topography, obstacles, and other factors in the black soil monitoring area on equipment installation and monitoring effectiveness must be fully considered to ensure the scientific and rational nature of equipment installation locations. At the same time, the principles of even distribution and emphasis on key areas should be followed, ensuring both uniform coverage of the overall monitoring area and emphasizing monitoring intensity in key monitoring areas.

[0101] Configure the parameters of the deployed monitoring equipment, including but not limited to monitoring frequency, data transmission method, and alarm thresholds. Adjust the equipment parameters appropriately based on different monitoring targets and ecological environment characteristics to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of monitoring data. For key monitoring areas, the monitoring frequency can be appropriately increased to more promptly grasp changes in the ecological environment.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, the number of monitoring devices in the monitoring module is dynamically adjusted based on the key monitoring area, effective coverage area, and final number of devices. When the ecological environment characteristics of the key monitoring area change or the monitoring demand increases, the number of devices in that area is increased accordingly. When the monitoring effect in some areas meets expectations and the equipment resources are relatively abundant, the number of devices can be appropriately reduced to improve the utilization efficiency of equipment resources.

[0103] In another alternative embodiment, the location of monitoring equipment in the monitoring module is optimized based on the grid division results and the final number of equipment. Geographic Information System (GIS) and other technologies can be used to simulate, analyze and optimize the equipment location in combination with factors such as terrain, landform and ecological environment characteristics. By optimizing the equipment location, the uniformity and effectiveness of monitoring coverage can be further improved, and coverage blind spots and overlapping areas can be reduced.

[0104] Based on the adjusted number and optimized locations of monitoring equipment, the information monitoring module in the black soil monitoring area was further optimized. The adjusted monitoring module was comprehensively tested and verified to ensure that it can meet the actual needs of black soil ecological environment monitoring, and provide a more reliable and effective guarantee for subsequent accurate analysis and sustainable development of black soil.

[0105] The above steps will enable the deployment and design of the black soil ecological environment information monitoring module, which will help improve the monitoring quality and operational efficiency of the black soil ecological environment and provide technical support for the protection and management of the black soil ecological environment.

[0106] S3. Obtain initial monitoring data of the black soil ecological environment through the information monitoring module, optimize the initial monitoring data to obtain target monitoring data for the black soil monitoring area. The specific implementation steps and contents are as follows:

[0107] Initial monitoring data of the black soil ecological environment were obtained through the information monitoring module.

[0108] Information monitoring of the black soil ecological environment is conducted based on the optimized and adjusted information monitoring module. Simultaneously, the collected data is promptly transmitted to the data processing center of the intelligent monitoring and assessment system for the black soil ecological environment. The appropriate data transmission method is selected based on the actual conditions of the black soil monitoring area and the data volume. For example, wireless transmission can be used when the data volume is small and the monitoring area has good network coverage; for areas with large data volumes or poor network conditions, a combination of wired and wireless transmission can be considered to ensure the real-time nature and integrity of the monitoring data, facilitating the transmission and storage of initial monitoring data for the black soil ecological environment.

[0109] To effectively analyze the ecological environment of black soil, it is necessary to precisely control the equipment operating signals and reduce the impact of signal fluctuations on monitoring data. This embodiment employs a method of multiple sensor data acquisitions. By increasing the number of data acquisitions, potential large deviations during signal acquisition are reduced. Continuous data acquisition is set within a certain time interval. Secondary sensor data, The value should be adjusted based on the actual monitoring needs and equipment performance in the black soil monitoring area. The larger the average value of the collected data, the more accurately it reflects the true signal. However, this also increases the collection time and data processing volume. Therefore, a balance needs to be found between data accuracy and collection efficiency.

[0110] First, signal optimization processing is performed.

[0111] A signal optimization function is established based on the signal attenuation and transmission status of the initial monitoring data.

[0112] Based on the initial monitoring data, obtain the monitoring signal sampling values ​​and signal parameter information.

[0113] Signal attenuation coefficient It is mainly used to measure the degree of signal attenuation during transmission. Its value range is determined by the actual signal transmission environment and equipment characteristics. Since different media and transmission distances will affect the signal, it needs to be optimized and adjusted based on the ecological environment of the black soil.

[0114] The true value of the monitored signal sample refers to the value of the sensor at the first sampling point. The original signal value obtained during the second acquisition is the first... The collected monitoring signal samples reflect the measurement results of relevant parameters of the black soil ecological environment at different times.

[0115] Time difference function It is mainly used to describe the time difference caused by factors such as inhomogeneity of the medium and device response delay during signal transmission. In this embodiment, its specific expression is as follows: ,in This represents the attenuation factor. Related to the signal attenuation characteristics, and influenced by factors such as signal frequency and transmission medium, it determines the variation law of the time difference function.

[0116] The acquisition time of the monitoring signal refers to the specific moment when the sensor acquires the signal. Recording the acquisition time is crucial for subsequent data analysis and processing. When analyzing the changing trends of the ecological environment parameters of black soil over time, it is necessary to determine the acquisition time corresponding to each data point.

[0117] The time required to transmit a signal, i.e. the time it takes for the signal to travel from the sensor to the processing device, is determined by both the transmission distance and the signal transmission speed.

[0118] Next, based on the aforementioned monitoring signal sample values ​​and signal parameter information, a signal optimization function was established. The processed monitoring signal sample values ​​were then used... It is represented and satisfies the following relationship:

[0119]

[0120] in, This represents the processed sampled value of the monitoring signal. Indicates the signal attenuation coefficient. Indicates the number of data collections. Indicates the first The sampled value of the monitoring signal collected in this instance. Indicates the attenuation factor. Indicates the acquisition time of the monitoring signal. This indicates the length of time required to transmit the signal.

[0121] By processing the initial monitoring data using a signal optimization function, optimized monitoring data can be obtained. This processing procedure effectively reduces noise and interference components in the signal, improving the quality and reliability of the monitoring signal.

[0122] Then, signal smoothing processing is performed.

[0123] Configure the signal smoothing function.

[0124] The purpose of smoothing the optimized monitoring data is to eliminate additional oscillations in the signal, making the signal transmitted by the sensor more stable, improving the reliability and accuracy of the signal, and providing better data support for subsequent analysis of the black soil ecological environment.

[0125] The signal smoothing function in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:

[0126]

[0127] in, Table of wavelet coefficients after smoothing Represents a symbolic function. Represents the wavelet decomposition coefficients. This indicates the preset wavelet threshold. Indicates the wavelet decomposition scale. This represents the wavelet coefficient index.

[0128] The wavelet decomposition coefficients obtained by performing wavelet decomposition on the original signal reflect the characteristic information of the signal at different scales and locations.

[0129] The aforementioned sign function is mainly used to determine the sign of wavelet decomposition coefficients, and its definition relationship is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] The preset wavelet threshold is a pre-defined value used to determine whether the wavelet decomposition coefficients are noise components. Its value needs to be determined based on the noise level of the actual signal and the monitoring requirements. If the noise level is high, it can be appropriately increased. The value of can be adjusted to better remove noise; conversely, if higher detail is required for the signal, it can be appropriately reduced. The value of . When When the coefficient is considered to contain a valid signal component, it needs to be retained and adjusted; when At that time, it was assumed that the coefficient was mainly noise, so it was set to 0.

[0132] Wavelet decomposition scale refers to the level of wavelet decomposition. Different scales correspond to different frequency ranges of the signal; the larger the scale, the lower the corresponding frequency. An appropriate wavelet decomposition scale needs to be selected based on the signal's frequency characteristics and the monitoring objective. If the high-frequency components of the signal need to be analyzed, a smaller decomposition scale can be chosen; if the low-frequency components need to be analyzed, a larger decomposition scale can be chosen.

[0133] The wavelet coefficient index is primarily used to identify wavelet coefficients at different locations within a specific scale of wavelet decomposition. This index allows for the precise location and processing of different parts of the signal by pinpointing the exact position of the coefficients. In practical applications, specific wavelet coefficient indices can be selected for processing as needed, thereby improving the targeted nature of signal processing.

[0134] The signal smoothing function analyzes the optimized monitoring data to obtain the target monitoring data for the black soil monitoring area. Through signal smoothing, noise and interference in the signal can be further removed, making the target monitoring data more accurately reflect the ecological environment of the black soil.

[0135] By optimizing and smoothing the initial monitoring signal sampling values ​​through the above implementation steps, the quality of the black soil ecological environment monitoring signal can be effectively improved, enabling the target monitoring data to more accurately reflect the ecological environment status of the black soil and providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent ecological environment analysis and equipment control.

[0136] S4. Construct a multi-parameter evaluation system for the black soil ecological environment. Combine target monitoring data with the multi-parameter evaluation system to obtain comprehensive analysis results of evaluation indicators. Based on the comprehensive analysis results and the multi-parameter evaluation system, realize intelligent monitoring and accurate assessment of the black soil ecological environment. The specific implementation steps and contents are as follows:

[0137] First, we need to construct a multi-parameter evaluation system for the ecological environment of black soil.

[0138] In order to comprehensively consider the influencing factors of the black soil ecological environment, this embodiment mainly evaluates the black soil ecological environment from the perspective of safety and sustainability based on the theory of sustainable development. Combining the regional characteristics and actual conditions of the black soil ecological environment, a multi-parameter evaluation system for the black soil ecological environment is constructed based on the EES model, providing an evaluation basis for the protection and sustainable development of the black soil ecological environment. The multi-parameter evaluation system includes an environmental evaluation layer, an economic evaluation layer, and a social evaluation layer.

[0139] I. Environmental Assessment Layer

[0140] Environmental factors are the foundation of the black soil ecological environment, directly reflecting the health and sustainability of the ecosystem. These factors mainly include soil quality indicators, water resource indicators, and biodiversity indicators.

[0141] The relevant information regarding soil quality indicators is as follows;

[0142] Soil organic matter content, as the core substance of soil fertility, provides nutrients for plants, improves soil structure, and enhances water and fertilizer retention capacity. Monitoring its changes is crucial for assessing soil fertility evolution and developing improvement measures.

[0143] Soil pH affects the availability of nutrients and the activity of microorganisms in the soil. Different crops have different tolerance ranges for pH. The appropriate pH range is of great significance for maintaining normal crop growth and the stability of the ecosystem. Excessive acidity or alkalinity will limit nutrient absorption and affect the survival of crops and soil organisms.

[0144] Soil erosion modulus is one of the major environmental problems facing the black soil region. It refers to the amount of soil eroded per unit area per unit time. Monitoring this indicator can help us understand the intensity and trend of soil erosion and provide a basis for soil and water conservation measures.

[0145] The relevant information regarding water resource indicators is as follows;

[0146] The water quality of surface water (rivers, lakes, etc.) in black soil regions is related to the safety of the ecosystem. Water quality indicators such as oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus can be used to assess the degree of water pollution and eutrophication, and timely treatment measures can be taken.

[0147] Groundwater level is an important water resource in the black soil region, playing a key role in maintaining ecosystem stability and agricultural production. A drop in water level can lead to problems such as soil drought and vegetation degradation. Monitoring its changes can help us understand the dynamic balance of groundwater and guide the rational development and utilization of water resources and ecological environmental protection.

[0148] Water resource utilization rate refers to the ratio of water consumption to available water, reflecting the degree of water resource development and utilization. In black soil regions, rationally increasing this indicator and promoting water-saving irrigation technologies are of great significance for alleviating water shortage pressure and protecting the ecological environment.

[0149] The relevant content of biodiversity indicators is as follows;

[0150] Plants are the foundation of ecosystems, and their richness reflects the complexity and stability of ecosystems. The black soil region is rich in plant resources, and monitoring changes in this indicator can help us understand ecosystem succession trends and the status of biodiversity conservation, providing a reference for the formulation of ecological protection strategies.

[0151] Animal diversity is an important indicator of ecosystem health. Monitoring the diversity of animal species such as birds, mammals, and insects in the black soil region can help us understand the integrity of the ecosystem structure and function, and help us to identify ecological damage problems in a timely manner and take protective measures.

[0152] The black soil region includes various ecosystem types such as farmland, forest, and wetland. Different types have different ecological functions and service values. Monitoring their changes can assess the overall stability and resilience of the ecosystem, providing a basis for ecological protection and restoration.

[0153] II. Economic Evaluation Level

[0154] Economic factors are an important support for the ecological protection and sustainable development of black soil. A reasonable economic development model can promote the improvement of the ecological environment and achieve a virtuous cycle between ecology and economy. This layer mainly includes agricultural economic benefit indicators, ecological industry economic benefit indicators, and economic development sustainability indicators.

[0155] The relevant content of agricultural economic benefit indicators is as follows;

[0156] Crop yield is one of the important indicators for measuring the efficiency of agricultural production. Monitoring changes in crop yield can help us understand the stability and development trend of agricultural production, and provide a basis for adjusting the agricultural industrial structure and improving production efficiency.

[0157] The added value of agricultural products refers to the value added to agricultural products during processing, sales and other stages. It can increase the added value of agricultural products in black soil regions and enhance the competitiveness of the agricultural economy.

[0158] The agricultural input-output ratio reflects the ratio of inputs to outputs in the agricultural production process, embodies the economic benefits of agricultural production, and is conducive to achieving sustainable agricultural development.

[0159] The relevant content of the economic benefit indicators of the ecological industry is as follows;

[0160] The black soil region is rich in natural landscapes and cultural resources, which can drive local economic development and promote ecological environmental protection.

[0161] Sales of green agricultural products are an important indicator for measuring the scale and efficiency of the green agricultural product industry.

[0162] Ecological compensation income is indeed a result of the government's ecological compensation policy implemented to protect the black soil ecological environment. Monitoring its changes can help understand the effectiveness of the ecological compensation policy and the benefits to farmers.

[0163] The relevant content of the indicators for sustainable economic development is as follows;

[0164] The economic growth rate is an important indicator for measuring the speed of regional economic development. Monitoring its changes can help us understand the trends and stability of regional economic development and provide a basis for formulating economic development policies.

[0165] A rational industrial structure is an important guarantee for achieving sustainable economic development and provides a reference for industrial restructuring.

[0166] Resource utilization efficiency refers to the economic benefits generated per unit of resource input. In black soil regions, improving this indicator can reduce resource waste, lessen pressure on the ecological environment, and point the way to improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0167] II. Social Evaluation Level

[0168] Social factors are an important guarantee for the ecological protection and development of black soil. This layer includes indicators of public environmental awareness, social equity and stability, and policy support and guarantee.

[0169] The relevant content of the public environmental awareness index is as follows;

[0170] The study aims to understand the public's awareness of environmental protection, the proportion of public participation in environmental protection actions, and the public's satisfaction with the local ecological environment quality and environmental protection work. It also aims to understand the public's evaluation of the current state of the black soil ecological environment and their expectations for environmental protection work, providing a reference for improving environmental protection work.

[0171] The relevant content of social equity and stability indicators is as follows;

[0172] In the black soil region, narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas can promote social equity and provide a basis for formulating policies to promote coordinated urban and rural development; monitor employment stability in the black soil region; and strengthen comprehensive social security management in the black soil region to maintain social order and protect the safety of public life and property.

[0173] The relevant content of policy support and guarantee indicators is as follows;

[0174] The completeness of environmental protection policies directly affects the effectiveness of ecological environmental protection in black soil areas. Assessing the coverage and targeted nature of these policies can reveal their completeness, providing suggestions for revision and improvement. The strength of policy implementation is crucial for ensuring their effective execution; monitoring policy implementation reveals its strength and effectiveness, providing supervision and guidance for strengthening policy implementation. Financial investment is a vital source of funding for the ecological environmental protection and development of black soil areas; understanding the strength and effectiveness of financial investment provides a reference for optimizing the structure of financial investment.

[0175] Then, the comprehensive analysis results of the evaluation indicators are obtained by combining the target monitoring data and the multi-parameter evaluation system.

[0176] To scientifically and comprehensively assess the ecological environment of black soil, a multi-parameter evaluation system was established, and reasonable methods were used to process indicators, allocate weights, and conduct comprehensive evaluation. The entire evaluation process mainly covered key steps such as indicator standardization, weight determination, and comprehensive evaluation.

[0177] The first step in this embodiment is to set up an index standardization processing function in the multi-parameter evaluation system.

[0178] The various indicators in the multi-parameter evaluation system have different dimensions and orders of magnitude. Direct analysis can lead to deviations in the evaluation results. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize each indicator to eliminate the influence of dimensions and orders of magnitude and make each indicator uniform and comparable. In this embodiment, the range method is used to standardize each indicator. Based on the impact of the evaluation indicators on the ecological environment of black soil, they are divided into two categories: positive benefits and negative benefits, and different standardization functions are used for each category.

[0179] Positive indicators refer to indicators whose larger values ​​indicate more significant positive benefits to the black soil ecological environment. The standardized processing function for positive indicators is:

[0180]

[0181] in, This represents the standardized evaluation value of the positive indicator. This represents the actual value of any indicator. This represents the minimum value of the evaluation index. This represents the maximum value of the evaluation indicator.

[0182] The value range is [0,1].

[0183] The actual value of any indicator depends on the specific indicator; for example, the unit of soil organic matter content is... The unit of precipitation is Etc.; the minimum and maximum values ​​of the evaluation indicators in all research samples, and their dimensions and... same.

[0184] The larger the value of a negative indicator, the more significant its negative impact on the black soil ecological environment. The standardized processing function for negative indicators is as follows:

[0185]

[0186] in, This represents the standardized evaluation value of the negative indicator. This represents the actual value of any indicator. This represents the minimum value of the evaluation index. This represents the maximum value of the evaluation indicator.

[0187] The second step is to use the index standardization processing function to standardize the different indicators in the multi-parameter evaluation system after completing the above function settings, so as to obtain the multi-parameter standard evaluation system.

[0188] The third step is to set up an indicator weight allocation model in the multi-parameter evaluation system.

[0189] After standardizing the indicators in the multi-parameter evaluation system, it is necessary to analyze and match the weights of different indicators. Since different indicators have varying degrees of impact on the black soil ecological environment, to achieve an objective judgment of the importance of each indicator, it is necessary to assign weights to each indicator. These weights reflect the relative importance of the indicators in the evaluation system. This example introduces the entropy weight method to determine the weights of different indicators. The entropy weight method is an objective weighting method that mainly determines the weight based on the information entropy of the indicator. The smaller the information entropy, the greater the dispersion of the indicator, and the more information it provides, the greater its weight. The specific steps are as follows:

[0190] Based on the above standardized indicators Indicators can be obtained No. The standard ratio of the year is then used to calculate the first year's standard ratio. The first indicator in the The proportion of the year And it satisfies the following calculation formula:

[0191]

[0192] in, Indicators No. The proportion of each year, with values ​​ranging from [0,1], is given. Indicators No. The standard ratio for the year, Indicates the number of indicators.

[0193] That is, the standardized value is dimensionless;

[0194] The number of indicators is a positive integer. If the evaluation system includes six indicators such as soil fertility, vegetation coverage, and soil erosion rate, then at this time... .

[0195] Based on indicators No. The information entropy of the year's proportion calculation index is used to calculate the first... Information entropy of each indicator And satisfy the following relationship:

[0196]

[0197] in, Indicates the first The information entropy of each indicator ranges from [0,1]. This indicates the number of research units representing the ecological environment of the black soil region. Indicators No. The proportion of the year.

[0198] The number of research units for the ecological environment of black soil is a positive integer. These research units can be different years, different regions, etc. For example, if an 8-year monitoring and evaluation of the ecological environment of black soil in a certain region is conducted, then... ,when hour, This is to ensure the reasonableness of the calculation results.

[0199] Next, the entropy weight of the i-th index is calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0200]

[0201] in, Indicates the first Entropy weight of each indicator, Indicates the first Information entropy of each indicator Indicates the number of indicators.

[0202] By using the above steps, the entropy weight analysis results of different indicators in the multi-parameter standard evaluation system can be obtained through the indicator weight allocation model and target monitoring data.

[0203] Next, the comprehensive index method is introduced, and the comprehensive value analysis results of different indicators are obtained based on the comprehensive index method, entropy weight analysis results and multi-parameter standard evaluation system.

[0204] After completing the standardization of indicators and determining the weight allocation, the comprehensive index method is introduced in this embodiment to evaluate the ecological environment of black soil. The comprehensive index method calculates the target comprehensive value by multiplying the standardized value of each indicator in the multi-parameter evaluation system with the corresponding weight. It can comprehensively consider the influence of multiple indicators and fully reflect the status of the ecological environment of black soil. The formula for calculating the target comprehensive value is as follows:

[0205]

[0206] in, Indicates the first The target composite value of each indicator Indicates the number of indicators. Indicates the first Entropy weight of each indicator, Indicators No. The proportion of the year.

[0207] The comprehensive analysis results of the evaluation indicators can be obtained based on the comprehensive value analysis results.

[0208] The above steps have enabled the construction and comprehensive evaluation of a multi-parameter evaluation system for the ecological environment of black soil, providing a scientific basis for the protection and management of the black soil ecological environment. In practical applications, the indicator system, standardization methods, and weight determination methods can be appropriately adjusted and optimized according to specific research objectives and data conditions.

[0209] Finally, based on the comprehensive analysis results and the multi-parameter evaluation system, intelligent monitoring and accurate assessment of the black soil ecological environment are achieved.

[0210] Establish reference standards for evaluating the ecological environment of black soil.

[0211] The formulation of ecological environment safety assessment standards for black soil needs to be closely integrated with the actual conditions of the black soil monitoring area and fully reference historical data sets. This embodiment uses a non-equidistant method to classify the ecological environment assessment levels of black soil into unsafe, relatively unsafe, borderline safe, relatively safe, and safe. This classification method can more meticulously and accurately reflect the safety status of the black soil ecological environment during different monitoring periods, as detailed in Table 1. Simultaneously, a comprehensive index is clearly defined. It is positively correlated with the ecological security of urban land, i.e., the comprehensive index. The higher the comprehensive index, the higher the ecological security of black soil; conversely, the lower the comprehensive index, the lower the ecological security of black soil. The lower the level, the lower the ecological security of the black soil. This evaluation standard provides a clear and explicit basis for the subsequent classification of the ecological environment of the black soil.

[0212] Table 1. Reference Standards for Evaluating the Ecological Environment of Black Soil

[0213]

[0214] The ecological environment of black soil was classified into different levels by combining the evaluation level reference standards, comprehensive analysis results and multi-parameter evaluation system, and the classification results of the ecological environment of black soil were obtained.

[0215] After clarifying the evaluation criteria, it is necessary to conduct a grading of the black soil ecological environment based on comprehensive analysis results and a multi-parameter evaluation system. Specifically, the calculated comprehensive index will be used to classify the black soil ecological environment. By comparing and analyzing the data against five pre-set safety level standards, the safety level of the black soil ecological environment can be accurately determined, thus obtaining the classification results of the black soil ecological environment. The relevant comparison results intuitively present the current safety status of the black soil ecological environment, laying the foundation for subsequent safety assessment and sustainable development evaluation.

[0216] Based on the classification results, a safety assessment and sustainable development evaluation of the black soil ecological environment are conducted.

[0217] Based on the classification results of the black soil ecological environment, a comprehensive safety assessment of the black soil ecological environment can be conducted. This assessment will further analyze the potential risks and problems existing in the black soil ecological environment, providing reference information and improvement directions for subsequent targeted protection and management measures. Simultaneously, based on the classification results, the sustainable development status of the black soil ecological environment will be evaluated, focusing on the long-term stable development of the black soil ecological environment. Taking into account ecological, economic, and social factors, the assessment will determine whether the black soil ecological environment, while meeting current needs, possesses the capacity to guarantee future development. Through safety assessment and sustainable development evaluation, a scientific and comprehensive decision-making basis can be provided for the protection, restoration, and rational utilization of the black soil ecological environment, promoting its sound and sustainable development.

[0218] Through the above implementation steps, based on the comprehensive analysis results and multi-parameter evaluation system, we can effectively achieve intelligent monitoring and accurate assessment of the black soil ecological environment, providing a solid guarantee for the protection and management of the black soil ecological environment.

[0219] Referring to Figure 3, in an optional embodiment, to efficiently execute the intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the black soil ecological environment provided by this invention, this invention also provides an intelligent monitoring and assessment system for the black soil ecological environment. In this system, input devices, a processor, an output device, and a memory are interconnected. The memory stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. The processor is configured to call the program instructions and execute the specific steps of the relevant embodiments of the intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the black soil ecological environment provided by this invention. The intelligent monitoring and assessment system for the black soil ecological environment of this invention has a complete and stable structure, and can efficiently execute the intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the black soil ecological environment of this invention, thus improving the overall applicability and practical application capability of this invention.

[0220] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent monitoring and assessment of the ecological environment of black soil, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: dividing the black soil monitoring area into grids to obtain grid division results; analyzing the coverage status of monitoring equipment in the black soil monitoring area based on the monitoring area conditions and the grid division results; adjusting the number of monitoring devices in the monitoring module according to the monitoring equipment coverage status and the grid division results, and obtaining an information monitoring module for the black soil monitoring area; obtaining initial monitoring data of the black soil ecological environment through the information monitoring module; and optimizing the initial monitoring data to obtain target monitoring data for the black soil monitoring area. A multi-parameter evaluation system for the ecological environment of black soil is constructed. The comprehensive analysis results of the evaluation indicators are obtained by combining the target monitoring data and the multi-parameter evaluation system. Based on the comprehensive analysis results and the multi-parameter evaluation system, intelligent monitoring and accurate assessment of the ecological environment of black soil are realized. The step of analyzing the monitoring equipment coverage status of the black soil monitoring area based on the monitoring area conditions and the grid division results includes: selecting and marking the deployment points of monitoring equipment in the black soil monitoring area according to the grid division results; establishing a monitoring equipment coverage analysis function; analyzing the monitoring coverage of different monitoring equipment based on the monitoring equipment deployment points and the monitoring equipment coverage analysis function; obtaining the comprehensive coverage rate of the black soil monitoring area based on the monitoring coverage of different monitoring equipment; and analyzing the monitoring equipment coverage status of the black soil monitoring area based on the comprehensive coverage rate. The step of adjusting the number of monitoring equipment in the monitoring module based on the monitoring equipment coverage status and the grid division results to obtain the information monitoring module for the black soil monitoring area includes: obtaining the effective coverage area of ​​different monitoring equipment based on the monitoring coverage of different monitoring equipment; analyzing the number of basic equipment in the black soil monitoring area based on the effective coverage area; analyzing the number of basic equipment in key monitoring areas based on the grid division results; introducing a demand analysis function, overlap ratio, and number of spare equipment; constructing a device quantity analysis formula based on the number of basic equipment; and determining the final number of equipment in the black soil monitoring area through the device quantity analysis formula. The device quantity analysis formula satisfies the following relationship: ,in, This indicates the final number of devices used for monitoring the black soil area. This represents the requirements analysis function. This indicates the number of basic monitoring devices in the black soil monitoring area. This indicates the number of devices used in key monitoring areas of the black soil region. This indicates the number of backup devices in the black soil monitoring area. Represents the overall redundancy coefficient. This indicates the area of ​​key monitoring areas within the black soil monitoring region. This represents the total area of ​​the black soil monitoring region. The overlap ratio is indicated. The process of obtaining initial monitoring data of the black soil ecological environment through the information monitoring module and optimizing the initial monitoring data to obtain target monitoring data for the black soil monitoring area includes: establishing a signal optimization function based on the signal attenuation and transmission status of the initial monitoring data; processing the initial monitoring data using the signal optimization function to obtain optimized monitoring data; setting a signal smoothing function; and analyzing the optimized monitoring data using the signal smoothing function to obtain target monitoring data for the black soil monitoring area.

2. The intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the ecological environment of black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of dividing the black soil monitoring area into grids includes: acquiring historical data of the black soil monitoring area; determining the information collection area, key monitoring area, and monitoring coverage rate of the black soil monitoring area based on the historical data; and dividing the black soil monitoring area into grids according to the information collection area, the key monitoring area, and the monitoring coverage rate to obtain the grid division result of the black soil monitoring area.

3. The intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the ecological environment of black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring module for adjusting the number of monitoring devices in the monitoring module based on the coverage status of the monitoring devices and the grid division results to obtain information about the black soil monitoring area includes: adjusting the number of monitoring devices in the monitoring module based on the key monitoring area, the effective coverage area, and the final number of devices to obtain the adjusted number of monitoring devices; optimizing the location of the monitoring devices in the monitoring module based on the grid division results and the final number of devices to obtain the optimized location of the monitoring devices; and obtaining the information about the black soil monitoring area based on the adjusted number of monitoring devices and the optimized location of the monitoring devices.

4. The intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the ecological environment of black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-parameter evaluation system for the ecological environment of black soil includes: setting up an environmental evaluation layer, an economic evaluation layer, and a social evaluation layer in the multi-parameter evaluation system; the environmental evaluation layer includes soil quality indicators, water resource indicators, and biodiversity indicators; the economic evaluation layer includes agricultural economic benefit indicators, ecological industry economic benefit indicators, and economic sustainability indicators; the social evaluation layer includes public environmental awareness indicators, social stability indicators, and policy guarantee indicators.

5. The intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the ecological environment of black soil according to claim 4, characterized in that, The comprehensive analysis results of the evaluation indicators obtained by combining the target monitoring data and the multi-parameter evaluation system include: setting an indicator standardization processing function and an indicator weight allocation model in the multi-parameter evaluation system; using the indicator standardization processing function to standardize different indicators in the multi-parameter evaluation system to obtain a multi-parameter standard evaluation system; obtaining the entropy weight analysis results of different indicators in the multi-parameter standard evaluation system through the indicator weight allocation model and the target monitoring data; introducing a comprehensive index method; obtaining comprehensive value analysis results of different indicators based on the comprehensive index method, the entropy weight analysis results, and the multi-parameter standard evaluation system; and obtaining the comprehensive analysis results of the evaluation indicators based on the comprehensive value analysis results.

6. The intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the ecological environment of black soil according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intelligent monitoring and accurate assessment of the black soil ecological environment based on the comprehensive analysis results and the multi-parameter evaluation system includes: setting evaluation level reference standards for the black soil ecological environment; classifying the black soil ecological environment into levels by combining the evaluation level reference standards, the comprehensive analysis results, and the multi-parameter evaluation system, and obtaining the level classification results of the black soil ecological environment; and realizing the safety assessment and sustainable development assessment of the black soil ecological environment based on the level classification results.

7. An intelligent monitoring and assessment system for the ecological environment of black soil, characterized in that, The system includes a processor, an input device, an output device, and a memory, which are interconnected. The memory stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. The processor is configured to invoke the program instructions to execute the intelligent monitoring and assessment method for the black soil ecological environment as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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