Rice ecological planting method for crop rotation of crayfish and macrobrachium rosenbergii
The rice-crayfish rotation method has solved the problem of improving the effect of rice-crayfish co-cultivation, realized the efficient use of paddy fields and economic benefits, and improved the yield and quality of rice and shrimp.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511682819.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-16
AI Technical Summary
How can we further improve the effectiveness of rice-shrimp co-cultivation, give full play to its advantages, and realize the economic value and ecological benefits of paddy fields?
A rice-crayfish rotation system was adopted, which involves returning rice straw to the field after rice harvest and adding a composting agent, planting aquatic plants, and rationally controlling the shrimp farming time. Giant freshwater prawns, which have high water temperature requirements, were selected as summer shrimp, while crayfish were farmed in winter to improve soil structure and provide food sources.
It has increased the economic value of paddy fields, shortened the aquaculture window period, brought shrimp to market earlier, reduced feed input, enhanced soil organic matter, and improved the yield and quality of rice and shrimp.
Smart Images
Figure CN121336745A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural production technology, specifically relating to an ecological rice planting method that rotates crayfish and giant freshwater prawns. Background Technology
[0002] Rice-crayfish co-cultivation is an ecological circular agriculture model that organically combines rice planting and crayfish farming to achieve "two harvests from one field and two uses from one water source." This model utilizes rice paddies to provide a natural habitat for crayfish, allowing them to forage for pests and weeds and excrete organic fertilizer, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Simultaneously, the rice provides shade and protection for the crayfish, forming a mutually beneficial ecosystem. It boasts advantages such as water and land conservation, improved grain quality, and increased farmer income, and has become one of the characteristic industries for rural revitalization.
[0003] Current rice-shrimp co-cultivation simply involves releasing shrimp and planting rice according to the season. How to further improve the effectiveness of rice-shrimp co-cultivation and give full play to its advantages is a problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the question of how to further improve the effectiveness of rice-crayfish co-cultivation and fully leverage its advantages in existing technologies, this invention provides an ecological rice cultivation method that rotates crayfish and giant freshwater prawns.
[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:
[0006] A method for ecological rice cultivation with crayfish and giant freshwater prawn rotation includes the following steps:
[0007] S1: Rice is planted in paddy fields from April to May each year;
[0008] S2: Release giant freshwater prawn larvae after the rice has tillered and the water temperature has stabilized above 22℃;
[0009] S3: The harvesting of giant freshwater prawns begins in August-September each year;
[0010] S4: Harvesting rice;
[0011] S5: Plant aquatic plants;
[0012] S6: Release crayfish seedlings in October;
[0013] S7: Catch crayfish in March of the following year, and then repeat S1-S7.
[0014] By adopting this technical solution, the present invention takes into account the farming characteristics of various shrimp species, selecting the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), which requires high water temperatures and is intolerant of low temperatures, as the shrimp species for summer and rice cultivation, thereby enhancing the economic value of rice paddies. Building upon this, to further enhance the economic value of rice paddies, the present invention cultivates crayfish in rice paddies during winter and improves their survival rate by planting aquatic plants. The crayfish are then harvested before rice planting the following year. During this process, the crayfish's crawling and burrowing activities improve soil structure and promote oxygen circulation, preventing soil compaction and facilitating subsequent rice planting. This ensures that shrimp or rice are present in the rice paddies almost throughout the entire cycle, and that shrimp farming and rice cultivation do not interfere with each other, thus guaranteeing rice yield while simultaneously achieving shrimp farming, effectively enhancing the economic value of rice paddies.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment, S4 also includes returning the rice straw to the field after harvesting the rice, specifically including the following steps:
[0016] S401: After the water is released, the rice is harvested. After the rice is harvested, a stubble of 20-30cm is left, and then the straw is mechanically crushed.
[0017] S402: Apply composting or fermentation agents to the crushed straw (the principle is to use microorganisms to break down into small organic molecules, commonly including Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, Bacillus, etc.).
[0018] S403: The first tillage should be carried out 1-3 days later, with a tillage depth of 3-5cm;
[0019] S404: Till again after 7-10 days, with a tillage depth of more than 10cm.
[0020] After adopting this technical solution, considering the reduction of plankton in the water during the cold winter, which leads to a decrease in food for crayfish, excessive artificial feeding may affect the water quality of the paddy fields, thereby affecting the normal growth of rice and increasing additional costs. On the other hand, insufficient feeding may not guarantee the normal growth of crayfish. Taking this into consideration, this invention utilizes the gap between rice harvesting and crayfish farming. Therefore, this gap can be used to directly return the straw generated after rice harvesting to the field by adding composting agents or fermentation agents. Fermenting straw and returning it to the field, followed by decomposition with a composting agent, increases soil organic matter, improves soil porosity, and reduces compaction, providing a more suitable bottom environment for crayfish. Simultaneously, the organic acids and B vitamins produced during the composting process promote the reproduction of plankton, thus providing crayfish with ample food, reducing feed input, lowering farming costs, and positively impacting subsequent rice cultivation. This achieves a technical effect that benefits both rice and crayfish farming.
[0021] In this invention, after adding the composting agent, wait 1-3 days before the first tillage, and the initial tillage depth is 3-5cm. This is to allow time for the microorganisms in the composting agent to colonize and perform initial decomposition, ensuring a good composting effect later. Then, after 7-10 days, tillage is carried out again, with a tillage depth greater than 10cm, to accelerate decomposition. Deep tillage allows the straw to be fully mixed with the soil, increasing the contact area of microorganisms and promoting the rapid decomposition of straw by the composting agent microbial community. By tilling twice, the soil modification effect of straw return to the field can be effectively improved, which is not only beneficial to crayfish farming but also to the subsequent growth of rice.
[0022] The main functions of planting aquatic plants in this invention are threefold: first, to provide habitats and shelters to reduce damage from water birds; second, to purify the water, as crayfish defecate after feeding, and aquatic plants can absorb elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to maintain water quality; and third, to serve as part of the crayfish's feed, since crayfish are omnivorous and will eat tender roots, stems, and leaves, thus planting aquatic plants can further improve the survival rate of crayfish in winter.
[0023] As a preferred method, the dosage of composting agent is 2-4 kg / mu.
[0024] As preferred, the aquatic plants to be planted are Elodea nuttallii and Hydrilla verticillata, with a mass ratio of 3:1-2. The planting density of Hydrilla verticillata is 3000-4000 plants / acre, and the planting density of Elodea nuttallii is 25-35 clumps per acre with a radius of 30-50cm per clump.
[0025] After adopting this technical solution, Elodea nuttallii and Hydrilla verticillata are intercropped. Since crayfish are omnivorous and eat aquatic plants, the two aquatic plants can provide crayfish with differentiated nutrition: Elodea nuttallii is rich in vitamin B12, and Hydrilla verticillata has a high calcium content. The combination of the two can provide crayfish with certain nutrition, accelerate crayfish growth, and at the same time provide crayfish with hiding conditions, achieving a certain heat preservation effect.
[0026] Preferably, S2 also includes the pre-culture of giant freshwater prawns, specifically including the following steps:
[0027] S201: Purchase giant freshwater prawn larvae in mid-to-late March each year;
[0028] S202: Raise the giant freshwater prawn larvae in a greenhouse at a temperature of 20-25℃ until the rice tillers and the water temperature stabilizes above 22℃, then release the giant freshwater prawn larvae into the rice paddies.
[0029] After adopting this technical solution, the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) is a tropical shrimp that will die if the water temperature is below 18 degrees Celsius. Therefore, shrimp larvae are generally released only when the water temperature is above 22 degrees Celsius. In this invention, shrimp larvae are purchased at the end of March and raised in greenhouses. At this time, the water temperature is definitely below 18 degrees Celsius, which does not meet the requirements for releasing larvae. Then, the shrimp larvae we purchased are released into the breeding greenhouses, which is equivalent to raising them in advance. Compared with the traditional method of releasing giant freshwater prawn larvae when the water temperature is above 22 degrees Celsius, our shrimp larvae have been growing in the greenhouses for a month and have reached 3-5 cm. Therefore, the maturity period of the giant freshwater prawn can be advanced, achieving the effect of bringing it to market earlier.
[0030] As a preferred option, the paddy field should be 5-8 mu in size, with a circular ditch dug in the paddy field, 0.5-0.8m deep, and the excavated area should account for 10% of the total area.
[0031] After adopting this technical solution, digging circular ditches in paddy fields can facilitate the harvesting of giant freshwater prawns. Without digging circular ditches, giant freshwater prawns are basically evenly distributed in the paddy field. After digging circular ditches, there is a collection function, and 95% of the giant freshwater prawns are in the circular ditches, making them easy to harvest.
[0032] Preferably, the rice variety is one of Chuanyou 7021, Taiyou Yuehe Simiao, or Yiyou 2108.
[0033] After adopting this technical solution, rice varieties with tall stalks and lodging resistance are preferred to provide ample space for the giant freshwater prawns to move around.
[0034] Preferably, the species of giant freshwater prawn larvae is Nan Taihu No. 3.
[0035] As a preferred choice, the crayfish varieties were selected from local native varieties.
[0036] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0037] This invention adds a second season of shrimp farming to the existing rice-shrimp rotation system. It employs a two-shrimp rotation system (Macrobrachium rosenbergii + Crayfish) with rice, strictly controlling the release of Macrobrachium rosenbergii after rice tillering (water temperature ≥22℃), earlier than traditional methods. This extends the growth period of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae, thereby increasing yield. Furthermore, by rationally controlling the farming time of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Crayfish, and rice, the farming gap can be shortened to 7 days. By also rationally controlling the planting and farming times of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Crayfish, and rice, the market time of both shrimp species can be advanced by one month, fully maximizing the economic value of the rice paddies and resulting in higher economic output. Moreover, controlling the farming time of the two shrimp species allows for staggered market entry, fully leveraging the economic value of the rice paddies and increasing unit output and efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the breeding cycle of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0041] Example 1
[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for ecological rice cultivation by rotating crayfish and giant freshwater prawns includes the following steps:
[0043] S1: Rice is planted in paddy fields every May. The rice variety planted is Chuanyou 7021. It should be noted that the selected rice variety should be tall and resistant to lodging. The size of the paddy field is 5-8 mu. Before planting, dig a circular ditch in the paddy field. The ditch is 0.5m deep and the excavated area accounts for 10% of the total area. Leave a slope in the field to facilitate the entry of rotary tillers and harvesters for mechanized operations. The sowing density of rice is 25,000 clumps / mu.
[0044] S2: First, pre-culture the giant freshwater prawns, which includes the following steps:
[0045] S201: Purchase giant freshwater prawn larvae in mid-to-late March each year;
[0046] S202: Raise the giant freshwater prawn larvae in a greenhouse at a temperature of 22℃ until the rice tillers and the water temperature remains constant above 22℃. Then release the giant freshwater prawn larvae into the rice paddy at a stocking density of 3,000 prawns per mu.
[0047] S3: The harvesting of giant freshwater prawns begins in August-September each year;
[0048] S4: Harvesting rice; specifically, after harvesting rice, this also includes returning the rice straw to the field, which specifically includes the following steps:
[0049] S401: After the water is released, the rice is harvested. After the rice is harvested, a 30cm stubble is left, and then the straw is mechanically crushed.
[0050] S402: Apply composting agent to the crushed straw at a rate of 3 kg / mu. The composting agent used is Straw Returning Treasure (organic material composting agent) from Qingzhou Zhuli Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in Shandong Province.
[0051] S403: The first tillage should be carried out 2 days later, with a tillage depth of 5cm;
[0052] S404: Till again after 7 days, with a tillage depth of 15cm;
[0053] S5: Plant aquatic plants, specifically Elodea nuttallii and Hydrilla verticillata, with a mass ratio of 3:1.
[0054] S6: In October, crayfish seedlings are released. Under the condition of selection, the crayfish varieties are selected from local native varieties, and the stocking density of crayfish is 7,000 per mu.
[0055] S7: Crayfish are harvested in March of the following year, and the pond is cleared in April. Then S1-S6 are repeated.
[0056] In this embodiment, the mortality rate of giant freshwater prawns was 3.8%, and 89.7% of the harvested giant freshwater prawns weighed more than 30g. The mortality rate of crayfish was 5.8%, and 81.1% of the harvested crayfish weighed more than 40g. The rice yield was 1105 jin / mu.
[0057] Comparative Example 1
[0058] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that: after the rice harvest, the straw is not returned to the field, and aquatic plants are planted directly.
[0059] A method for ecological rice cultivation with crayfish and giant freshwater prawn rotation includes the following steps:
[0060] S1: Rice is planted in paddy fields every May. The rice variety planted is Chuanyou 7021. It should be noted that the selected rice variety should be tall and resistant to lodging. The size of the paddy field is 5-8 mu. Before planting, dig a circular ditch in the paddy field. The ditch is 0.5m deep and the excavated area accounts for 10% of the total area. Leave a slope in the field to facilitate the entry of rotary tillers and harvesters for mechanized operations. The sowing density of rice is 25,000 clumps / mu.
[0061] S2: First, pre-culture the giant freshwater prawns, which includes the following steps:
[0062] S201: Purchase giant freshwater prawn larvae in mid-to-late March each year;
[0063] S202: Raise the giant freshwater prawn larvae in a greenhouse at a temperature of 22℃ until the rice tillers and the water temperature remains constant above 22℃. Then release the giant freshwater prawn larvae into the rice paddy at a stocking density of 3,000 prawns per mu.
[0064] S3: The harvesting of giant freshwater prawns begins in August-September each year;
[0065] S4: Harvesting rice; specifically, after harvesting rice, this also includes returning the rice straw to the field, which specifically includes the following steps:
[0066] S401: After the water is released, the rice is harvested. After the rice is harvested, a 30cm stubble is left, and then the straw is mechanically crushed.
[0067] S402: Apply composting agent to the crushed straw at a rate of 3 kg / mu. The composting agent used is Straw Returning Treasure (organic material composting agent) from Qingzhou Zhuli Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in Shandong Province.
[0068] S403: The first tillage should be carried out 2 days later, with a tillage depth of 5cm;
[0069] S404: Till again after 7 days, with a tillage depth of 15cm;
[0070] S405: After 15 days of composting, water is introduced into the paddy field and the water is changed twice before proceeding to S5.
[0071] S5: Plant aquatic plants, specifically Elodea nuttallii and Hydrilla verticillata, with a mass ratio of 3:1.
[0072] S6: In October, crayfish seedlings are released. Under the condition of selection, the crayfish varieties are selected from local native varieties, and the stocking density of crayfish is 7,000 per mu.
[0073] S7: Crayfish are harvested in March of the following year, and the pond is cleared in April. Then S1-S6 are repeated.
[0074] In this embodiment, the mortality rate of giant freshwater prawns was 5.6%, and 86.7% of the harvested giant freshwater prawns weighed more than 30g. The mortality rate of crayfish was 10.8%, and 76.4% of the harvested crayfish weighed more than 40g. The rice yield was 1020 jin / mu, the crayfish yield was 200 jin / mu, and the giant freshwater prawn yield was 118 jin / mu.
[0075] Comparative Example 2
[0076] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that no aquatic plants are planted after the straw is returned to the field.
[0077] S1: Rice is planted in paddy fields every May. The rice variety planted is Chuanyou 7021. It should be noted that the selected rice variety should be tall and resistant to lodging. The size of the paddy field is 5-8 mu. Before planting, dig a circular ditch in the paddy field. The ditch is 0.5m deep and the excavated area accounts for 10% of the total area. Leave a slope in the field to facilitate the entry of rotary tillers and harvesters for mechanized operations. The sowing density of rice is 25,000 clumps / mu.
[0078] S2: First, pre-culture the giant freshwater prawns, which includes the following steps:
[0079] S201: Purchase giant freshwater prawn larvae in mid-to-late March each year;
[0080] S202: Raise the giant freshwater prawn larvae in a greenhouse at a temperature of 22℃ until the rice tillers and the water temperature remains constant above 22℃. Then release the giant freshwater prawn larvae into the rice paddy at a stocking density of 3,000 prawns per mu.
[0081] S3: The harvesting of giant freshwater prawns begins in August-September each year;
[0082] S4: Harvesting rice; specifically, after harvesting rice, this also includes returning the rice straw to the field, which specifically includes the following steps:
[0083] S401: After the water is released, the rice is harvested. After the rice is harvested, a 30cm stubble is left, and then the straw is mechanically crushed.
[0084] S402: Apply composting agent to the crushed straw at a rate of 3 kg / mu. The composting agent used is Straw Returning Treasure (organic material composting agent) from Qingzhou Zhuli Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in Shandong Province.
[0085] S403: The first tillage should be carried out 2 days later, with a tillage depth of 5cm;
[0086] S404: Till again after 7 days, with a tillage depth of 15cm;
[0087] S405: After 15 days of composting, water is introduced into the paddy field and the water is changed twice before proceeding to S5.
[0088] S5: Plant aquatic plants, specifically Elodea nuttallii and Hydrilla verticillata, with a mass ratio of 3:1.
[0089] S6: In October, crayfish seedlings are released. Under the condition of selection, the crayfish varieties are selected from local native varieties, and the stocking density of crayfish is 7,000 per mu.
[0090] S7: Crayfish are harvested in March of the following year, and the pond is cleared in April. Then S1-S6 are repeated.
[0091] In this embodiment, the mortality rate of giant freshwater prawns was 3.9%, and 90.5% of the harvested giant freshwater prawns weighed more than 30g. The mortality rate of crayfish was 12.7%, and 74.5% of the harvested crayfish weighed more than 40g. The rice yield was 1100 jin / mu, the crayfish yield was 167 jin / mu, and the giant freshwater prawn yield was 120 jin / mu.
[0092] Comparative Example 3
[0093] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the aquatic plants planted after straw return to the field are only Elodea nuttallii.
[0094] S1: Rice is planted in paddy fields every May. The rice variety planted is Chuanyou 7021. It should be noted that the selected rice variety should be tall and resistant to lodging. The size of the paddy field is 5-8 mu. Before planting, dig a circular ditch in the paddy field. The ditch is 0.5m deep and the excavated area accounts for 10% of the total area. Leave a slope in the field to facilitate the entry of rotary tillers and harvesters for mechanized operations. The sowing density of rice is 25,000 clumps / mu.
[0095] S2: First, pre-culture the giant freshwater prawns, which includes the following steps:
[0096] S201: Purchase giant freshwater prawn larvae in mid-to-late March each year;
[0097] S202: Raise the giant freshwater prawn larvae in a greenhouse at a temperature of 22℃ until the rice tillers and the water temperature remains constant above 22℃. Then release the giant freshwater prawn larvae into the rice paddy at a stocking density of 3,000 prawns per mu.
[0098] S3: The harvesting of giant freshwater prawns begins in August-September each year;
[0099] S4: Harvesting rice; specifically, after harvesting rice, this also includes returning the rice straw to the field, which specifically includes the following steps:
[0100] S401: After the water is released, the rice is harvested. After the rice is harvested, a 30cm stubble is left, and then the straw is mechanically crushed.
[0101] S402: Apply composting agent to the crushed straw at a rate of 3 kg / mu. The composting agent used is Straw Returning Treasure (organic material composting agent) from Qingzhou Zhuli Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in Shandong Province.
[0102] S403: The first tillage should be carried out 2 days later, with a tillage depth of 5cm;
[0103] S404: Till again after 7 days, with a tillage depth of 15cm;
[0104] S405: After 15 days of composting, water is introduced into the paddy field and the water is changed twice before proceeding to S5.
[0105] S5: Plant aquatic plants, specifically Elodea nuttallii and Hydrilla verticillata, with a mass ratio of 3:1.
[0106] S6: In October, crayfish seedlings are released. Under the condition of selection, the crayfish varieties are selected from local native varieties, and the stocking density of crayfish is 7,000 per mu.
[0107] S7: Crayfish are harvested in March of the following year, and the pond is cleared in April. Then S1-S6 are repeated.
[0108] In this embodiment, the mortality rate of giant freshwater prawns was 3.9%, and 88.4% of the harvested giant freshwater prawns weighed more than 30g. The mortality rate of crayfish was 9.3%, and 78.5% of the harvested crayfish weighed more than 40g. The rice yield was 1110 jin / mu, the crayfish yield was 185 jin / mu, and the giant freshwater prawn yield was 120 jin / mu.
[0109] Comparative Example 4
[0110] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the only aquatic plant planted after straw was returned to the field is *Hydrilla verticillata*.
[0111] S1: Rice is planted in paddy fields every May. The rice variety planted is Chuanyou 7021. It should be noted that the selected rice variety should be tall and resistant to lodging. The size of the paddy field is 5-8 mu. Before planting, dig a circular ditch in the paddy field. The ditch is 0.5m deep and the excavated area accounts for 10% of the total area. Leave a slope in the field to facilitate the entry of rotary tillers and harvesters for mechanized operations. The sowing density of rice is 25,000 clumps / mu.
[0112] S2: First, pre-culture the giant freshwater prawns, which includes the following steps:
[0113] S201: Purchase giant freshwater prawn larvae in mid-to-late March each year;
[0114] S202: Raise the giant freshwater prawn larvae in a greenhouse at a temperature of 22℃ until the rice tillers and the water temperature remains constant above 22℃. Then release the giant freshwater prawn larvae into the rice paddy at a stocking density of 3,000 prawns per mu.
[0115] S3: The harvesting of giant freshwater prawns begins in August-September each year;
[0116] S4: Harvesting rice; specifically, after harvesting rice, this also includes returning the rice straw to the field, which specifically includes the following steps:
[0117] S401: After the water is released, the rice is harvested. After the rice is harvested, a 30cm stubble is left, and then the straw is mechanically crushed.
[0118] S402: Apply composting agent to the crushed straw at a rate of 3 kg / mu. The composting agent used is Straw Returning Treasure (organic material composting agent) from Qingzhou Zhuli Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in Shandong Province.
[0119] S403: The first tillage should be carried out 2 days later, with a tillage depth of 5cm;
[0120] S404: Till again after 7 days, with a tillage depth of 15cm;
[0121] S405: After 15 days of composting, water is introduced into the paddy field and the water is changed twice before proceeding to S5.
[0122] S5: Plant aquatic plants, specifically Elodea nuttallii and Hydrilla verticillata, with a mass ratio of 3:1.
[0123] S6: In October, crayfish seedlings are released. Under the condition of selection, the crayfish varieties are selected from local native varieties, and the stocking density of crayfish is 7,000 per mu.
[0124] S7: Crayfish are harvested in March of the following year, and the pond is cleared in April. Then S1-S6 are repeated.
[0125] In this embodiment, the mortality rate of giant freshwater prawns was 3.7%, and 90.1% of the harvested giant freshwater prawns weighed more than 30g. The mortality rate of crayfish was 11.2%, and 80.1% of the harvested crayfish weighed more than 40g. The rice yield was 1108 jin / mu, the crayfish yield was 170 jin / mu, and the giant freshwater prawn yield was 121 jin / mu.
[0126] The embodiments described above merely illustrate specific implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are detailed and specific, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the technical solution of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A method for ecological rice cultivation through rotation of crayfish and giant freshwater prawn, characterized in that: It comprises the following steps: S1: planting rice in the rice field in April-May every year; S2: releasing Procambarus clarkii fry when the rice tillers and the water temperature is constant above 22℃; S3: starting to catch Procambarus clarkii in August-September every year; S4: harvesting rice; S5: planting water grass; S6: releasing crayfish fry in October; S7: catching crayfish in March of the next year, and then repeating S1-S7.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Procambarus clarkii and the Macrobrachium rosenbergii are alternately cultivated in the rice field. S4 further comprises returning rice straw after harvesting rice, specifically comprising the following steps: S401: harvesting rice after draining water, leaving a stubble of 20-30 cm after harvesting rice, and then mechanically crushing the straw; S402: applying a rotten agent or a fermentation agent to the crushed straw; S403: primary plowing after 1-3 days, with a plowing depth of 3-5 cm; S404: secondary plowing after 7-10 days, with a plowing depth of more than 10 cm.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the Procambarus clarkii and the Macrobrachium rosenbergii are alternately reared in the rice field. The amount of rotten agent is 2-4 kg / mu.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the method is a method of rice ecological planting with Procambarus clarkii and Macrobrachium rosenbergii rotation, characterized in that: The planted water grass is Elodea canadensis and Hydrilla verticillata, and the mass ratio of Elodea canadensis to Hydrilla verticillata is 3:1-2, the planting density of Hydrilla verticillata is 3000-4000 plants / mu, and the planting density of Elodea canadensis is 25-35 clumps per mu, with a radius of 30-50 cm.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the method is a method of rice ecological planting with Procambarus clarkii and Macrobrachium rosenbergii rotation, characterized in that: S2 further comprises pre-culturing Procambarus clarkii, specifically comprising the following steps: S201: purchasing Procambarus clarkii fry in mid-to-late March every year; S202: placing the Procambarus clarkii fry in a greenhouse with a temperature of 25-28℃ until the rice tillers and the water temperature is constant above 22℃, and then releasing the Procambarus clarkii fry into the rice field.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the Procambarus clarkia and Macrobrachium rosenbergii are alternately planted in the rice field. The size of the rice field is 5-8 mu, and a ring-shaped ditch is dug on the rice field, with a depth of 0.5-0.8 m and an excavation area accounting for 10% of the total area.
7. A method for ecological rice cultivation with crayfish and giant freshwater prawn rotation according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The release density of Procambarus clarkii is 3000-5000 individuals / mu, the release density of crayfish is 7000 tails / mu, and the seeding density of rice is 25,000 clumps / mu.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the Procambarus clarkia and Macrobrachium rosenbergii are alternately planted in the rice field. The variety of the rice is one of Chuanyou 7021, Taiyou Yuhewa Simiao, and Yiyu 2108.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the Procambarus clarkia and the Macrobrachium rosenbergii are alternately planted in the rice field. The variety of the Procambarus clarkii fry is Nan Taihu No. 3, and the variety of the crayfish is selected from local indigenous varieties.