Building assembly type steel structure suspended ceiling

Abstract

The invention discloses a building assembly type steel structure suspended ceiling, and belongs to the technical field of building suspended ceilings, the building assembly type steel structure suspended ceiling comprises skeletons and suspended ceiling plates installed between the skeletons, the suspended ceiling plates comprise frames and movable parts, through holes formed in the side edges of the frames correspond to through holes formed in the side faces of the skeletons, and the movable parts move after high temperature. The channel in the framework is communicated with the space below the suspended ceiling through the through hole, the lower opening of the frame is covered by the movable part in the initial state, and a cavity between the movable part and the frame is communicated with the through hole. According to the building assembly type steel structure suspended ceiling, the suspended ceiling plate structure is redesigned, the smoke exhaust function is automatically achieved according to the on-site indoor temperature change, the smoke exhaust function is integrated in the suspended ceiling plate and the framework, a complex electric control system and other equipment are not needed except the negative pressure equipment installed at a fixed point, the economic cost is lower, and the smoke exhaust effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building ceiling technology, specifically to a prefabricated steel structure ceiling for buildings. Background Technology

[0002] A steel structure ceiling refers to a ceiling whose frame is made of light steel keel or other steel structural materials, connected to the top of the building by upper suspension rods, while the lower surface is used to evenly install ceiling panels. In order to ensure the heat insulation effect of the ceiling itself, some ceiling panels will also use materials such as foam concrete for decoration and to form a corresponding interior space. Some ceiling panels will also integrate lighting or ventilation functions. For example, the integrated ceiling panel with lighting decoration in the prior art with the announcement number CN206328934U includes a ceiling panel, a decorative panel, and a light source. The decorative panel only partially covers the decorative surface of the ceiling panel. The ceiling panel and the decorative panel are fixedly installed. The light source is set between the ceiling panel and the decorative panel. The ceiling panel has holes for wiring the light source wires, and the light source wires pass through the holes. The decorative panel covers the holes.

[0003] Alternatively, the existing technology, patent number CN215907159U, describes a ceiling structure for a mechanical smoke exhaust system. This structure includes a wall, a mechanical smoke exhaust outlet, a sealed ceiling, and a non-sealed ceiling. The non-sealed ceiling is arranged in a ring along the wall, with the sealed ceiling located within the inner ring of the ring-shaped non-sealed ceiling. The mechanical smoke exhaust outlet is centrally located within the sealed ceiling. The non-sealed ceiling has a consistent ring width along the wall. Let the ring width of the non-sealed ceiling be A, and the width of the sealed ceiling be B. Then, the sum of the aperture widths of the non-sealed ceiling / (2A+B) > 25%, and 0 ≤ B < 0.75 × (2A+B). This proposed structure, through optimization of the ceiling type, addresses the impact of civil engineering and decoration phases on the design and construction of the mechanical smoke exhaust system while meeting standard requirements, thereby reducing construction costs and improving construction efficiency.

[0004] Taking the aforementioned ceiling system with smoke extraction function or integrated smoke extraction module as an example, the realization of this function often requires the installation of complex smoke extraction systems and equipment or corresponding pipe structures above the ceiling, which will significantly increase the load on the ceiling system. Therefore, the scope of application is relatively small, and the economic cost will also be correspondingly higher. It is not suitable for special scenarios. At the same time, when foamed concrete insulation material is used as the main material of the ceiling panel, it will lead to a reduction in the overall fire resistance of the ceiling system, so it is impossible to achieve both insulation and fire resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated steel structure ceiling for buildings, which solves the problem that the implementation of the functions of the prior art mentioned above often requires the installation of complex smoke exhaust systems and equipment or corresponding pipe structures above the ceiling, which significantly increases the load on the ceiling system, thus limiting its applicability and increasing the economic cost. It is not suitable for special scenarios. In addition, when foamed concrete insulation material is used as the main material of the ceiling panel, it will lead to a reduction in the overall fire resistance of the ceiling system, thus failing to achieve both insulation and fire resistance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a prefabricated steel structure ceiling for buildings, comprising a ceiling panel with a frame installed between the frames, the ceiling panel comprising a frame and movable parts, wherein through holes opened on the side of the frame correspond to through holes opened on the side of the frame, wherein the movable parts move after high temperature, allowing the channels in the frame to communicate with the space below the ceiling through the through holes, and the gap between the movable parts and the frame is used to improve the thermal insulation effect of the ceiling panel, and the main material of the frame is a thermal insulation board such as foamed concrete.

[0007] Preferably, the lower opening of the frame is initially covered by a movable member, wherein the cavity between the movable member and the frame is connected to the through hole.

[0008] Preferably, the movable part is a metal sheet made of two-way shape memory alloy and is covered in a through groove on the lower end face of the frame. The metal sheet deforms downward or upward after being heated to a high temperature.

[0009] Preferably, the movable component is a cover plate, wherein the lower surface of the cover plate is used to set decorative or functional components, and the cover plate is connected to the frame by a connector, which is used to drive the cover plate to move under high temperature conditions.

[0010] Preferably, the connector is a sheet-like or spiral-shaped elastic element, which is also a two-way memory alloy.

[0011] Preferably, the cover plate can move upward, downward, or tilt and rotate.

[0012] Preferably, the movable component is a movable plate, the upper end of which is embedded in the opening of the lower end of the frame through a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism releases the restriction on the movable plate through high-temperature deformation. At the same time, the movable plate is also connected to the frame through a connecting mechanism, which is used to move the movable plate down a specified distance after the restriction is released.

[0013] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a spring and a locking plate located below the spring in the initial state, wherein the spring made of shape memory alloy is installed on the upper surface of the movable plate, and the locking plate is fixed in the frame.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a connecting tube, the top end of which communicates with a through hole, and the bottom end of which communicates with the internal cavity of the movable plate, which also communicates with the smoke hole on its surface.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The prefabricated steel structure ceiling of the building has a redesigned ceiling panel structure, which automatically realizes the smoke exhaust function according to the changes in the indoor temperature. The smoke exhaust function is integrated into the ceiling panel and the frame. Apart from the negative pressure equipment installed at fixed points, there is no need for a complicated electrical control system and other equipment. It has lower economic cost and better smoke exhaust effect, and has better thermal insulation effect. It also takes into account the fire resistance when using thermal insulation materials such as foam concrete as the main material of the ceiling panel, as detailed below.

[0016] Basic characteristics: The channel or pipe structure is integrated into the light steel keel to form a flue gas exhaust channel, and is uniformly connected to the negative pressure pump equipment or external pump equipment at the reinforcement point above the ceiling. The lightweight design reduces the overall load of the ceiling. Compared with installing negative pressure function modules at multiple points, the investment is also lower. The wiring above the ceiling is simpler and the construction difficulty is reduced. At the same time, the operation signal of the pump equipment can be used by triggering the smoke alarm sensor in the building. The electrical control part can be implemented using the existing design, which is simple and convenient.

[0017] Multi-scheme smoke exhaust function design for ceiling panels: Scheme 1: A through-slot structure is opened in the ceiling panel. Combined with the metal sheet covering its surface, it can automatically deform when the metal sheet and the interior space are in a high-temperature state, and the through hole is in the open state. In this way, indoor smoke can be connected through the through slot and the through hole, thereby achieving the smoke exhaust effect. The design of a single opening and covering metal sheet is lower in cost and suitable for full coverage. Option 2 uses a cover plate instead of a metal sheet. The entire plate surface in the frame, along with the deformation of the elastic elements, creates a movement effect. On the one hand, it can control the opening and closing of the smoke exhaust channel and the indoor space through the temperature sensing principle. On the other hand, replacing the small sheet structure with the entire plate structure facilitates the subsequent decoration and application of functional coatings on the plate surface, making it more applicable. At the same time, multiple elastic elements are used on the upper surface of the cover plate. Replacing the elastic elements in specific positions with shape memory alloy materials can control the movement of the cover plate under high temperature conditions, such as vertical movement or rotation around the non-shape memory alloy side. Option 3 also uses a movable plate with a single plate structure to replace the cover plate, but a connecting pipe is used as the connection mechanism between the movable plate and the frame. After the spring is deformed by high temperature, the movable plate can move downward to get closer to the heat source, and the movable plate has the function of flue gas adsorption under the connection of the connecting pipe, so that the whole has a better flue gas absorption function. It combines the advantages of the above options and has stronger applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a bottom view structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the metal sheet distribution structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the through-hole distribution structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the downward deformation structure of the metal sheet of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate distribution structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic element distribution structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the cover plate of the present invention has been moved up; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the frame in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the movable plate of the present invention has been lowered.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Skeleton; 2. Frame; 3. Through hole; 4. Metal sheet; 5. Through groove; 6. Cover plate; 7. Elastic element; 8. Movable plate; 9. Connecting pipe; 10. Spring piece; 11. Clamping plate; 12. Smoke hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-11 The present invention provides the following technical solution: Example 1: As Figure 1-2To address the problems existing in the prior art, this embodiment discloses the following solution: a steel structure ceiling includes a ceiling panel installed between the frames 1. The ceiling panel includes a frame 2 and movable parts. Through holes 3 on the sides of the frame 2 correspond to through holes 3 on the sides of the frame 1. The frame 1 is a light steel keel or other ceiling frame structure. The through holes 3 connect to channels or built-in pipes in the frame 1. Multiple channels or built-in pipes in the frame 1 are ultimately connected to a negative pressure pump installed in the ceiling reinforcement area or externally. This pump can be connected to a smoke detector to start the pump in the event of a fire. The movable parts... After reaching a high temperature, the movable part connects the channel in the frame 1 to the space below the ceiling through the through hole 3. Initially, the lower opening of the frame 2 is covered by the movable part. The gap between the movable part and the frame 2 is used to improve the insulation effect of the ceiling panel. The main material of the frame 2 is insulation board such as foamed concrete. The cavity between the movable part and the frame 2 is connected to the through hole 3. The movable part is a metal sheet 4, which is a two-way shape memory alloy and covers the through groove 5 opened on the lower end face of the frame 2. The metal sheet 4 deforms downwards or upwards after reaching a high temperature. Under high temperature conditions, the metal sheet 4 can deform upwards or downwards. Taking downward deformation as an example, it forms... Figure 5 As shown, the through-slot 5 serves as a carrier connecting the interior of the frame 2 with the space below the ceiling. When opened, the through-slot 5 will be under negative pressure. Therefore, smoke generated indoors due to fire or other special circumstances will enter the frame 2 through the through-slot 5 and eventually be discharged through the through-hole 3, thus preventing excessive smoke concentration in the building space. The moving parts are made of Ni-Ti based double-pass memory alloy material, with its austenite termination temperature Af set at 60-80 ℃, preferably 65-75 ℃. In the normal operating temperature range of -20 to 50 ℃, it is in the martensitic phase and does not undergo significant deformation. When the indoor temperature rises to 60-80 ℃ due to fire or other reasons, it transforms into the austenitic phase and undergoes predetermined deformation, thereby opening the channel to realize the smoke exhaust function. The high temperature condition specified in the above scheme is 60-80 ℃ or above 80 ℃.

[0022] Example 2: The solution disclosed in this example aims to address, to some extent, the shortcomings of Example 1. Specifically, Example 1 requires slotting the lower end of the ceiling panel and covering it with a metal sheet 4, which prevents the application of functional coatings or the installation of other decorative materials, thus narrowing its applicability. Therefore, in this example... Figures 6-8As shown, the movable component is a cover plate 6, the lower surface of which is used to install decorative or functional components. The cover plate 6 is connected to the frame 2 via a connector, which is used to drive the cover plate 6 to move under high temperature conditions. The connector is a sheet-like or spiral-shaped elastic element 7, which is also a two-way shape memory alloy. The cover plate 6 can move upward, downward, or tilt and rotate. Under high temperature conditions, the elastic element 7 will deform accordingly, and the deformation mode depends on its own material properties. These are all controllable aspects of existing technology and will not be described further. Taking the example that the elastic element 7 guides the cover plate 6 to move upward, the through hole 3 will connect with the space below the ceiling through the opening area that originally accommodated the cover plate 6, thereby achieving the smoke exhaust effect. Moreover, in order to change its movable state, one side of the elastic element 7 can be made of normal material, while the other side uses shape memory alloy material. In this way, under high temperature conditions, the cover plate 6 will rotate around the axis of the distribution area of ​​the elastic element 7 on the non-alloy side.

[0023] Example 3: The solution disclosed in this example, based on the concept of moving parts, further discloses a more comprehensive smoke extraction solution, specifically as follows: Figures 9-11 As shown, the movable component is a movable plate 8. The upper surface of the movable plate 8 is embedded in the opening at the lower surface of the frame 2 through a locking mechanism. This locking mechanism releases the restriction on the movable plate 8 through high-temperature deformation. Simultaneously, the movable plate 8 is connected to the frame 2 through a connecting mechanism, which is used to move the movable plate 8 down a specified distance after the restriction is released. The locking mechanism includes a spring piece 10 and a locking plate 11 initially located below the spring piece 10. The spring piece 10, made of shape memory alloy, is installed on the upper surface of the movable plate 8, while the locking plate 11 is fixed in the frame 2. The connecting mechanism includes a connecting tube 9. The top end of the connecting tube 9 communicates with the through hole 3, and the bottom end of the connecting tube 9 communicates with the internal cavity of the movable plate 8. The internal cavity of the movable plate 8 also communicates with the smoke hole 12 on its surface. The movable plate 8 maintains its normal state by relying on the engagement between the spring piece 10 and the locking plate 11. The through hole 3, which was originally directly connected to the frame 2, is now connected to the connecting pipe 9. Under high temperature, the spring piece 10 bends and deforms, so the movable plate 8 will fall directly downwards after disengaging from the engagement. The connecting pipe 9 is used to control the downward movement distance of the movable plate 8. After falling, due to the connection of the connecting pipe 9, the interior of the movable plate 8 and the surface smoke holes 12 will be in a negative pressure state and achieve a smoke exhaust effect. Moreover, because it is closer to the smoke source, it will produce a better smoke exhaust effect. At the same time, the flexible connecting pipe 9 is installed in a centrally symmetrical manner with the movable plate 8. Therefore, the movable plate 8 will rotate simultaneously after falling, thereby producing an auxiliary turning effect and preventing foreign objects from blocking it after falling.

[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A building fabricated steel structure suspended ceiling, comprising a framework (1) and suspended ceiling panels installed between the framework (1), characterized in that: The ceiling board comprises a frame (2) and a movable part, wherein the frame (2) is provided with a through hole (3) on the side, which corresponds to the through hole (3) on the side of the framework (1), and the movable part is movable after high temperature, so that the channel in the framework (1) is communicated with the space below the ceiling through the through hole (3), and the space between the movable part and the frame (2) is used to improve the heat preservation effect of the ceiling board, and the main material of the frame (2) is foam concrete or other heat preservation board.

2. The architectural fabricated steel structure suspended ceiling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower opening of the frame (2) is initially covered by the movable part, and the cavity between the movable part and the frame (2) is communicated with the through hole (3).

3. The architectural fabricated steel structure suspended ceiling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable part is a metal sheet (4), which is a double memory alloy and covers the through slot (5) on the lower end surface of the frame (2), and the metal sheet (4) is deformed downward or upward after high temperature.

4. The architectural fabricated steel structure suspended ceiling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable part is a cover plate (6), wherein the lower surface of the cover plate (6) is used to set a decorative part or a functional part, and the cover plate (6) is connected with the frame (2) through a connecting part, and the connecting part is used to drive the cover plate (6) to move under high temperature.

5. The architectural fabricated steel structure suspended ceiling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting part is a sheet-shaped or spiral-shaped elastic part (7), which is also a double memory alloy.

6. The prefabricated steel structure suspended ceiling according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The cover plate (6) is upwardly or downwardly movable or inclinedly rotatable.

7. The architectural fabricated steel structure suspended ceiling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable part is a movable plate (8), and the upper end surface of the movable plate (8) is embedded in the opening of the lower end surface of the frame (2) through a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is deformed by high temperature to release the restriction of the movable plate (8), and the movable plate (8) is also connected with the frame (2) through a connecting mechanism, and the connecting mechanism is used to move downward by a specified distance after the movable plate (8) is released.

8. The architectural fabricated steel structure suspended ceiling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises a spring (10) and a clamping plate (11) located below the spring (10) in the initial state, wherein the spring (10) made of memory alloy is installed on the upper end surface of the movable plate (8), and the clamping plate (11) is fixed in the frame (2).

9. The architectural fabricated steel structure suspended ceiling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism comprises a connecting pipe (9), the top end of the connecting pipe (9) is communicated with the through hole (3), and the bottom end of the connecting pipe (9) is communicated with the internal cavity of the movable plate (8), and the internal cavity of the movable plate (8) is also communicated with the smoke hole (12) on the surface thereof.

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