Electron beam smelting furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses an electron beam smelting furnace, and relates to the technical field of electron beam smelting furnaces, the electron beam smelting furnace comprises a smelting bin, the top end of the smelting bin communicates with a feeding bin, the top end of the feeding bin is hinged with a sealing cover, and a discharging cover plate is hinged to the position, close to the bottom end, of the side wall of the smelting bin. A fixed head is clamped by using a clamping plate, so that a metal material can be conveniently and rapidly hoisted in a feeding bin, and in the smelting process, multiple sets of servo gear motors drive threaded sleeves to rotate correspondingly, so that threads between the threaded sleeves and a lead screw push a gearbox to ascend and descend, and therefore the servo gear motors ascend and descend; according to the technical scheme, the fixing frame can continuously lower metal materials, so that it is guaranteed that the height of a molten pool at the bottom end of the metal materials and the height of a water-cooling crucible are kept unchanged in the smelting process, the situation that the height difference between the molten pool and the water-cooling crucible is too large in the later period of smelting is avoided, and the phenomenon that molten metal drips into the water-cooling crucible and then is sputtered is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electron beam furnace technology, specifically to an electron beam furnace. Background Technology

[0002] An electron beam furnace is a special metallurgical device that uses a high-energy electron beam to bombard metal materials for melting, purification, or solidification, and it mainly operates in a high vacuum environment. Its core principle is that the electron beam emitted by the electron gun converts electrical energy into heat energy to melt and purify the metal. The cathode (filament) emits electrons under the action of a high-voltage electric field, which are accelerated and focused to bombard the metal material, and the kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into heat energy.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned technical solutions still have certain defects. In the process of using existing electron beam furnaces, after the material is fixed inside the furnace, the angle of the metal material is fixed. When melting some metal rods with larger diameters, the electron beam and the bottom plane of the metal rod form a certain angle. However, the adjustment range of the electron gun's focusing position of the electron beam is limited, which may cause unmelted solid metal blocks to fall directly into the crucible during the melting process, thus affecting the quality of the molten metal ingot. Therefore, an electron beam furnace is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide an electron beam furnace to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background above.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an electron beam furnace, comprising a melting chamber, the top of which is connected to a feeding chamber, the top of which is hinged with a sealing cover, and the side wall of the melting chamber is hinged with a discharge cover plate near the bottom. The inner wall of the smelting chamber has an upper chamber body that communicates with the feeding chamber. The inner wall of the smelting chamber has a lower chamber body located at the bottom of the upper chamber body. A ring rail is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the upper chamber body. A slider is slidably fitted on the outer wall of the ring rail. A servo motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider. A rubber wheel is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, and the outer edge of the rubber wheel is in contact with the inner wall of the ring rail. A robotic arm is fixedly connected to the top rod of the slider, and an electron gun is fixedly connected to the end of the robotic arm.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the electron gun includes a magnetron control assembly, the input end of which is fixedly fitted with a shielding cover, the inner wall of which is threadedly connected to an inner reflective base, a cathode is fixedly fixed through the interior of the inner reflective base, the inner wall of the inner reflective base is an arc-shaped bowl structure, and the shielding cover and the inner wall of the inner reflective base are provided with a reflective coating.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, a circular opening is provided between the lower compartment and the upper compartment, and the opening is positioned directly opposite the center of the ring rail. Multiple sets of hydraulic rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower compartment, and sliding plates are fixedly connected to the top of the multiple sets of hydraulic rods.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, a water-cooled crucible is provided at the top of the sliding plate, the water-cooled crucible is slidably fitted into the groove at the top of the sliding plate, and a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding plate, the sealing ring surrounding the outside of the water-cooled crucible.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the inner wall of the feeding bin is fixedly connected to multiple sets of supports. The multiple sets of supports are evenly and symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the feeding bin. Each set of supports has a set of movable plates slidably connected to its inner wall, and each set of supports has a set of pulleys rotatably connected to its top.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, a gearbox is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side wall of the movable plate, a servo geared motor is fixedly connected to the top of the gearbox, an input gear located inside the gearbox is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo geared motor, a threaded sleeve is rotatably connected to the end of the gearbox away from the input gear, an output gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve, and a lead screw is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve. The top and bottom ends of the lead screw are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feeding bin.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, a transition gear is provided between the output gear and the input gear. The transition gear is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the gearbox and meshes with both the input gear and the output gear.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, a set of steel cables is fixedly connected to the top of each set of servo geared motors, and a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the ends of the multiple sets of steel cables. The multiple sets of steel cables are respectively connected to the four corners of the fixing frame, and each set of steel cables slides over the pulley.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the inner wall of the fixing frame is symmetrically provided with two sets of clamping plates. The two sets of clamping plates are slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame. Each set of clamping plates has a set of limiting springs fixedly connected to its two sides. The end of each set of limiting springs is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame. A fixing head is clamped between the two sets of clamping plates. The bottom end of the fixing head is fixedly connected to a metal material.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses clamping plates to hold the fixed head, allowing metal materials to be conveniently and quickly hoisted into the feeding bin. During the smelting process, multiple servo reduction motors drive the threaded sleeve to rotate, causing the thread between the threaded sleeve and the lead screw to push the gearbox to rise and fall, thereby raising and lowering the servo reduction motor. This allows the fixed frame to continuously lower the metal material, ensuring that the height of the molten pool at the bottom of the metal material and the water-cooled crucible remains constant during the smelting process. This avoids an excessive height difference between the molten pool and the water-cooled crucible in the later stages of smelting, thus preventing the molten metal from splashing after dripping into the water-cooled crucible. 2. This invention uses a servo motor to drive a rubber wheel to roll on the inner wall of a ring track, thereby causing the slider to rotate on the ring track. In conjunction with the robotic arm continuously adjusting the angle of the electron gun, even when the molten pool area is limited and the diameter of the metal material is large, the bottom of the metal material can be melted evenly during the melting process. This avoids the molten pool shifting to one side of the metal material and improves the uniformity of the melting process. 3. This invention, through the cooperation of multiple sets of servo reduction motors, can individually control each set of steel cables, thereby allowing for different lowering lengths of multiple sets of steel cables, or controlling the upward pulling of a certain set of steel cables, which can cause the fixed frame to tilt the metal material. In conjunction with the robotic arm and slider, this allows the bottom of the metal material to better meet the angle of the electron gun, and can control the position of the molten metal dripping, so that the metal material can be cooled and solidified more evenly after being melted. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the smelting bin and the feeding bin in a cross-sectional state according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positional state structure of the ring track and robotic arm according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positional state structure of the sliding plate and the ring rail according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic control component and the shielding cover in the separated state of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shielding cover of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing frame and the steel-plastic structure in the positional state of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gearbox of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a side-sectional structural diagram of the fixing frame of the present invention; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the clamping plate and fixing head structure of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Melting bin; 2. Feeding bin; 3. Sealing cover; 4. Discharge cover; 101. Upper chamber; 102. Lower chamber; 103. Hydraulic rod; 104. Sliding plate; 105. Water-cooled crucible; 106. Ring track; 107. Slider; 108. Servo motor; 109. Robotic arm; 110. Electron gun; 111. Sealing ring; 112. Magnetically controlled assembly; 113. Inner reflector base; 114. Cathode; 115. Shielding cover; 201. Bracket; 202. Moving plate; 203. Gearbox; 204. Servo geared motor; 205. Input gear; 206. Threaded sleeve; 207. Output gear; 208. Transition gear; 209. Lead screw; 210. Pulley; 211. Steel cable; 212. Fixing frame; 213. Clamping plate; 214. Limit spring; 215. Fixing head; 216. Metal material. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0019] An electron beam furnace, such as Figures 1 to 10 As shown, it includes a smelting chamber 1, the top of which is connected to a feeding chamber 2, the top of which is hinged to a sealing cover 3, and the side wall of the smelting chamber 1 is hinged to a discharge cover plate 4 near the bottom. The inner wall of the smelting chamber 1 has an upper chamber body 101 that communicates with the feeding chamber 2. The inner wall of the smelting chamber 1 has a lower chamber body 102 located at the bottom of the upper chamber body 101. A ring rail 106 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the upper chamber body 101. A slider 107 is slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the ring rail 106. A servo motor 108 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider 107. A rubber wheel is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 108, and the outer edge of the rubber wheel is in contact with the inner wall of the ring rail 106. A robotic arm 109 is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 107. An electron gun 110 is fixedly connected to the end of the robotic arm 109. The electron gun 110 includes a magnetic control assembly 112. A shielding cover 115 is fixedly fitted onto the input end of the magnetic control assembly 112. The inner wall of the shielding cover 115 is threaded... An inner reflective base 113 is attached, and a cathode 114 is fixedly fixed inside the inner reflective base 113. The inner wall of the inner reflective base 113 is an arc-shaped bowl structure. The shielding cover 115 and the inner wall of the inner reflective base 113 are provided with a reflective coating. A circular opening is opened between the lower chamber 102 and the upper chamber 101, and the opening position is directly opposite the center of the ring rail 106. Multiple sets of hydraulic rods 103 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lower chamber 102. A sliding plate 104 is fixedly connected to the top end of the multiple sets of hydraulic rods 103. A water-cooled crucible 105 is provided at the top end of the sliding plate 104. The water-cooled crucible 105 is slidably sleeved in the groove at the top end of the sliding plate 104. A sealing ring 111 is fixedly connected to the top end of the sliding plate 104. The sealing ring 111 surrounds the outside of the water-cooled crucible 105.

[0020] A ring-shaped protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the water-cooled crucible 105, making it easier to move the water-cooled crucible 105 using lifting equipment. During the melting process, the sliding plate 104 is pushed up by the hydraulic rod 103, so that the sliding plate 104 can seal the connection between the lower chamber 102 and the upper chamber 101. During the rotation of the servo motor 108, the rubber wheel can be driven to rotate. The outer edge of the rubber wheel is in contact with the inner wall of the ring rail 106. So during the rotation of the rubber wheel, the slider 107 is driven to slide on the outer wall of the ring rail 106, so that the robotic arm 109 runs in a circular trajectory above the ring rail 106. The robotic arm 109 can adjust the electron beam of the electron gun 110 at a small angle, so that the electron beam emission angle is wider and the melting uniformity is improved.

[0021] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 2 as well as Figure 7-10The inner wall of the feeding bin 2 is fixedly connected to multiple sets of brackets 201. These brackets 201 are evenly and symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the feeding bin 2. Each set of brackets 201 has a sliding plate 202 slidably connected to its inner wall. Each set of brackets 201 has a pulley 210 rotatably connected to its top. A gearbox 203 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side wall of the sliding plate 202. A servo reduction motor 204 is fixedly connected to the top of the gearbox 203. An input gear 205 located inside the gearbox 203 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo reduction motor 204. A threaded sleeve 206 is rotatably connected to the end of the gearbox 203 away from the input gear 205. An output gear 207 is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the threaded sleeve 206. A lead screw 209 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve 206. The top and bottom ends of the lead screw 209 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feeding bin 2. A transition gear 208 is provided between gear 207 and input gear 205. The transition gear 208 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of gearbox 203. The transition gear 208 meshes with both input gear 205 and output gear 207. A set of steel cables 211 is fixedly connected to the top of each set of servo reduction motors 204. The ends of multiple sets of steel cables 211 are fixedly connected to a fixing frame 212. The multiple sets of steel cables 211 are respectively connected to the four corners of the fixing frame 212. Each set of steel cables 211 slides over pulley 210. Two sets of clamping plates 213 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the fixing frame 212. The two sets of clamping plates 213 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame 212. The end of each set of limiting springs 214 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame 212. A fixing head 215 is clamped between the two sets of clamping plates 213. A metal material 216 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing head 215.

[0022] The prepared metal material 216 is placed in the water-cooled crucible 105. Then, the hydraulic rod 103 pushes the sliding plate 104 upward, causing the water-cooled crucible 105 to extend the metal material 216 into the feeding bin 2. Next, the fixing frame 212 is pressed down, causing the clamping plate 213 to be blocked by the fixing head 215. At this time, the clamping plate 213 slides against the outer wall of the fixing head 215, and the two sets of clamping plates 213 move away from each other, compressing multiple sets of limit springs 214. When the clamping plate 213 slides to the annular groove on the outer wall of the fixing head 215, the limit springs 214 rebound and push the two sets of clamping plates 213 to reset, so that the annular groove on the outer wall of the fixing head 215 is blocked by the plane at the top of the clamping plate 213. Then, the servo reduction motor 204 drives the input gear 205 to rotate, which in turn drives the transition gear 208 to rotate, which in turn drives the output gear 207 to rotate. The output gear 207 drives the threaded sleeve 206 to rotate. During the rotation of the threaded sleeve 206... During the process, the threaded engagement between the threaded sleeve 206 and the lead screw 209 causes the threaded sleeve 206 to drive the gearbox 203 to rise and fall, thereby raising and lowering the servo reducer motor 204. When the servo reducer motor 204 descends, it pulls the steel cable 211; conversely, it releases the steel cable 211. After the fixed head 215 is connected to the clamping plate 213, multiple sets of servo reducer motors 204 descend, thereby pulling the fixed frame 212 through multiple sets of steel cables 211, so that the metal material 216 is lifted. At this point, smelting can begin. During the smelting process, in the prior art electron beam furnace, when the electron beam is directed at the bottom of the metal material 216, it forms a certain angle with the bottom plane of the material 216. In this application, by controlling multiple sets of servo reducer motors 204 to pull or release the steel cable 211 to different degrees, the fixed frame 212 is pulled to tilt, thereby causing the metal material 216 to tilt, so that the bottom of the metal material 216 can meet the direction of the electron beam, resulting in a better smelting effect.

[0023] In use, the clamping plate 213 clamps the fixed head 215, allowing the metal material 216 to be conveniently and quickly hoisted into the feeding bin 2. During the smelting process, multiple servo reduction motors 204 drive the threaded sleeve 206 to rotate, causing the thread between the threaded sleeve 206 and the lead screw 209 to push the gearbox 203 to rise and fall, thereby causing the servo reduction motors 204 to rise and fall. This allows the fixed frame 212 to continuously lower the metal material 216, ensuring that the height of the molten pool at the bottom of the metal material 216 and the water-cooled crucible 105 remains constant during the smelting process. This avoids an excessive height difference between the molten pool and the water-cooled crucible 105 in the later stages of smelting, thus preventing the molten metal from splashing after dripping into the water-cooled crucible 105. All parts not mentioned in this device are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies.

[0024] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electron beam furnace comprising a smelting vessel (1), characterised in that: The top of the smelting bin (1) is communicated with a feeding bin (2), the top of the feeding bin (2) is hinged with a sealing cover (3), the side wall of the smelting bin (1) is hinged with a discharge cover plate (4) at the bottom end position; The inner wall of the smelting bin (1) is provided with an upper bin body (101) communicated with the feeding bin (2), the inner wall of the smelting bin (1) is provided with a lower bin body (102) located at the bottom end of the upper bin body (101), the inner wall bottom end of the upper bin body (101) is fixedly connected with a ring rail (106), the outer wall of the ring rail (106) is slidably sleeved with a sliding block (107), the side wall of the sliding block (107) is fixedly connected with a servo motor (108), the output end of the servo motor (108) is fixedly connected with a rubber wheel, and the outer edge of the rubber wheel is attached to the inner wall of the ring rail (106), the top end of the sliding block (107) is fixedly connected with a mechanical arm (109), and the distal end of the mechanical arm (109) is fixedly connected with an electron gun (110).

2. An electron beam furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The electron gun (110) comprises a magnetic control assembly (112), the input end of the magnetic control assembly (112) is fixedly sleeved with a shielding cover (115), the inner wall of the shielding cover (115) is threadedly connected with an inner reflection base (113), the inner part of the inner reflection base (113) is fixedly penetrated with a cathode (114), the inner wall of the inner reflection base (113) is an arc-shaped bowl structure, and the inner walls of the shielding cover (115) and the inner reflection base (113) are provided with a reflective coating.

3. An electron beam furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: A circular opening is formed between the lower bin body (102) and the upper bin body (101), and the opening position is opposite to the center of the ring rail (106), the bottom end of the lower bin body (102) is fixedly connected with a plurality of hydraulic rods (103), and the top end of the plurality of hydraulic rods (103) is fixedly connected with a sliding plate (104).

4. An electron beam furnace as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The top end of the sliding plate (104) is provided with a water-cooled crucible (105), the water-cooled crucible (105) is slidably sleeved in the groove at the top end of the sliding plate (104), the top end of the sliding plate (104) is fixedly connected with a sealing ring (111), and the sealing ring (111) surrounds the outside of the water-cooled crucible (105).

5. An electron beam furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The inner wall of the feeding bin (2) is fixedly connected with a plurality of supports (201), and the plurality of supports (201) are uniformly and symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the feeding bin (2).

6. An electron beam furnace as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The side wall of the moving plate (202) is fixedly connected with a gear box (203) at the bottom end position, the top end of the gear box (203) is fixedly connected with a servo reduction motor (204), the output end of the servo reduction motor (204) is fixedly connected with an input gear (205) located in the gear box (203), one end of the gear box (203) away from the input gear (205) is rotatably connected with a threaded sleeve (206), the outer wall of the threaded sleeve (206) is fixedly sleeved with an output gear (207), the inner wall of the threaded sleeve (206) is threadedly connected with a lead screw (209), and the top end and the bottom end of the lead screw (209) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the feeding bin (2).

7. An electron beam furnace as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The transition gear (208) is arranged between the output gear (207) and the input gear (205), the transition gear (208) is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the gear box (203), and the transition gear (208) is engaged with the input gear (205) and the output gear (207) at the same time.

8. An electron beam furnace as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The top end of each group of servo reduction motors (204) is fixedly connected with a group of steel wires (211), the ends of a plurality of groups of steel wires (211) are fixedly connected with a fixing frame (212), a plurality of groups of steel wires (211) are connected on the four corners of the fixing frame (212), and each group of steel wires (211) passes above the pulley (210).

9. An electron beam furnace as claimed in claim 8, wherein: The inner wall of the fixing frame (212) is symmetrically provided with two groups of clamping plates (213), the two groups of clamping plates (213) are slidably connected with the inner wall of the fixing frame (212), one group of limiting springs (214) is fixedly connected on the two sides of each group of clamping plates (213), the ends of each group of limiting springs (214) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fixing frame (212), the fixing head (215) is clamped between the two groups of clamping plates (213), and the bottom end of the fixing head (215) is fixedly connected with the metal material (216).

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