Pure hardware PWM control actuator

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pure hardware PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control actuators, in particular to a pure hardware PWM control actuator. Comprising a DC-DC module, a first signal processing module and a second signal processing module, and is used for forming a voltage signal A, a voltage signal B and a voltage signal C, comparing the voltage signal A, the voltage signal B and the voltage signal C with a voltage signal D in real time, and then driving a motor until the voltage signal A, the voltage signal B, the voltage signal C and the voltage signal D are balanced. The motor stops, so that the target position is controlled; and the position sensor feeds back a current position voltage signal in real time. The product adopts a pure hardware mode to realize PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) regulation control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pure hardware PWM control actuators, and more specifically to a pure hardware PWM control actuator. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the electronics industry, PWM control actuators have found a broad market. In the field of electric vehicles, PWM control actuators are used to control the opening of various modes of the car's damper and the valves in the thermal circulation loop, achieving efficient energy conversion and utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a purely hardware PWM control actuator. This approach, using only hardware, reduces costs and shortens the development cycle.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A pure hardware PWM control actuator includes a DC-DC module for converting an external power supply voltage into a +5V voltage as a reference voltage for the signal processing section.

[0006] Signal processing module 1: Converts external PWM signals into PWM signals with an amplitude of +5V;

[0007] Signal processing module 2: It is used to generate voltage signals A, B, and C. By comparing the three sets of voltage signals A, B, and C with voltage signal D in real time, the motor is driven until the four sets of voltage signals A, B, C, and D are balanced, at which point the motor stops, thereby achieving the target position control.

[0008] Position sensor: Provides real-time feedback of the current position voltage signal.

[0009] The priority signal processing module 2 integrates and filters the +5V PWM signal through capacitor 1 C4, capacitor 2 C5, resistor 1 R17 and resistor 2 R13 into a DC voltage signal, which is defined as voltage signal A.

[0010] The primary signal processing module two divides the +5V reference voltage into 2.5V through resistors R12 and R14, defining it as voltage signal B.

[0011] The primary signal processing module 2 inputs the feedback voltage of FB through R15 and defines it as voltage signal C.

[0012] The primary signal processing module 2 divides the +5V reference voltage to 2.47V through resistors R11 and R10, and then inputs it to the positive terminal of comparator a and the inverting terminal of comparator b, defining it as voltage signal D.

[0013] The primary signal processing module two superimposes three sets of voltage signals A, B, and C onto the inverting input of comparator a and the positive input of comparator b. These three sets of signals are then compared in real-time with voltage signal D, and corresponding signals are output. When a+ > a-, 12V is output to pin M1 of the brushed motor; otherwise, 0V is output, and when they are equal, 0V is output. Similarly, when b+ > b-, 12V is output to pin M2 of the brushed motor; otherwise, 0V is output, and when they are equal, 0V is output. The motor is then driven until all four sets of signals are balanced, at which point the motor stops, thus achieving the target position.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: This product adopts a pure hardware approach to achieve PWM regulation and control; the performance advantages of this solution are: accuracy: +5V reference voltage and closed-loop feedback ensure the accuracy of position control (error less than threshold D); flexibility: the target position can be flexibly set by adjusting the external PWM duty cycle (changing A); robustness: power supply filtering, signal level conversion and other measures improve the system's anti-interference ability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the DC-DC module of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the signal processing module of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is the second diagram of the signal processing module of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the position sensor of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is an application diagram of the product of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments. These embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] A pure hardware PWM control actuator includes a DC-DC module for converting an external power supply voltage into a +5V voltage as a reference voltage for the signal processing section, thereby making the signal processing more accurate and stabilizing the reference voltage supply.

[0023] Core function: Convert external power supply (such as battery, adapter) into a stable +5V voltage to serve as the "reference power supply" for all modules in the system.

[0024] Circuit details:

[0025] D1 (diode): Prevents damage to the circuit from reverse connection of the external power supply;

[0026] U2 (78L05 voltage regulator): Linear voltage regulator, providing a stable +5V output;

[0027] C10 / C09 (capacitors): Power supply filtering, eliminating ripple and ensuring a clean +5V voltage.

[0028] Signal processing module 1: Converts external PWM signals into PWM signals with an amplitude of +5V;

[0029] Specifically, the external PWM signal is converted into a +5V PWM signal through MOSFET M1, ensuring level compatibility with other modules in the system.

[0030] Circuit details:

[0031] M1 (2N7002 N-channel MOSFET): As an electronic switch, it is controlled by an external PWM signal;

[0032] ZD1 (BZX84-C12 Zener diode): Clamping voltage (if it is a 5V Zener diode, it can ensure that the source voltage of M1 does not exceed 5V);

[0033] R18 / R19 / R20 (resistors): current limiting, voltage dividing, and level conversion in conjunction with M1 and ZD1;

[0034] C11 (capacitor): Filtering, removing high-frequency noise from the PWM signal.

[0035] Function: The level of external PWM signals (such as those from controllers or sensors) may not match the system (e.g., 3.3V or 12V). This module converts them to +5V to ensure the normal operation of subsequent signal processing circuits (such as part 2).

[0036] Signal processing module 2: It is used to generate voltage signals A, B, and C. By comparing the three sets of voltage signals A, B, and C with voltage signal D in real time, the motor is driven until the four sets of voltage signals A, B, C, and D are balanced, at which point the motor stops, thereby achieving the target position control.

[0037] Position sensor (FB): Provides real-time feedback of the current position voltage signal.

[0038] The specific signal processing module 2 integrates and filters the +5V PWM signal through capacitor C4, capacitor C5, resistor R17, and resistor R13 into a DC voltage signal, defined as voltage signal A. The duty cycle of the PWM corresponds to a DC level (e.g., a PWM with a 50% duty cycle is approximately 2.5V after filtering). Therefore, A represents the desired target position signal (the higher the duty cycle, the larger A, and the further forward the desired position).

[0039] Signal processing module 2 divides the +5V reference voltage to 2.5V through resistors R12 and R14, defining it as voltage signal B; the +5V reference voltage is obtained by dividing it through R12 / R14, serving as "reference offset" to adjust the comparison range between the desired position and the actual position (e.g., when A+B=4.5V, the error signal is more easily identified by the comparator after combining it with the actual position C).

[0040] Signal processing module 2 inputs the feedback voltage from the FB (position sensor) through R15, defining it as voltage signal C; the position sensor (such as a potentiometer or Hall sensor) provides real-time feedback of the current actual position voltage signal C. Converting the mechanical position into an electrical signal, which serves as the "actual state" input to the closed-loop system, is key to achieving "feedback control." The system senses whether the motor is in position through the voltage signal C.

[0041] Signal processing module 2 divides the +5V reference voltage to 2.47V through resistors R11 and R10, and then inputs it to the positive terminal (a+) of comparator a and the negative terminal (b-) of comparator b, defining it as voltage signal D. The +5V reference voltage is obtained by dividing it through R11 / R10 and serves as the reference voltage for the dual comparators, defining the "balance point" (when the combined signal is close to D, it is considered that the motor has reached the target position).

[0042] Signal processing module 2 superimposes three sets of signals, voltage signal A, voltage signal B, and voltage signal C, onto the inverting terminal (a-) of comparator a and the positive terminal (b+) of comparator b;

[0043] Three groups of signals, namely voltage signal A, voltage signal B, and voltage signal C, are superimposed and compared with voltage signal D in real time to output the corresponding signals. Specifically, when a+ > a-, 12V is output to the (M+) terminal of the brushed motor M1, otherwise 0V is output, and 0V is output when they are equal; when b+ > b-, 12V is output to the (M-) terminal of the brushed motor M2, otherwise 0V is output, and 0V is output when they are equal. Then the motor is driven until the four groups of signals are balanced and the motor stops, thus achieving the control of the target position.

[0044] Principle details: The sum of A (expected position) + B (reference offset) - C (actual position) is superimposed into a comprehensive error signal and input to:

[0045] The inverting terminal (a-) of the dual comparator: compares the negative error of "expected - actual";

[0046] The non-inverting terminal (b+) of the dual comparator: compares the positive error of "expected - actual".

[0047] Comparison logic:

[0048] a comparator: The non-inverting terminal is connected to D (2.47V), and the inverting terminal is connected to the superimposed signal.

[0049] If D > the superimposed signal (i.e., A + B < C + 2.47V): It means that "expected position - actual position" is negative (the actual position is ahead), and a 12V high level is output to drive the motor M1 to reverse (correct the ahead position);

[0050] If D ≤ the superimposed signal: A 0V low level is output and M1 stops.

[0051] b comparator: The non-inverting terminal is connected to the superimposed signal, and the inverting terminal is connected to D (2.47V).

[0052] If the superimposed signal > D (i.e., A + B > C + 2.47V): It means that "expected position - actual position" is positive (the actual position is behind), and a 12V high level is output to drive the motor M2 to rotate forward (correct the behind position);

[0053] If the superimposed signal ≤ D: A 0V low level is output and M2 stops.

[0054] During the rotation of the motor, the position sensor C changes in real time, causing the superimposed signal to gradually approach D. When A + B - C = D, both comparators output 0V and the motor stops. At this time, the motor just stops at the target position (the expected position is the same as the actual position).

[0055] Signal processing module 2, as one of the core components of closed-loop control, achieves precise control of the motor's target position through signal superposition, comparison, and feedback. Pin 2 of module U1 is the output of the b comparator and is connected to pin M2 (M-) of the brushed motor via resistors R8, R9, R6, and R7. Resistors R8 and R9 are connected in parallel, and resistors R6 and R7 are connected in parallel. Brushed motor M2 (M-) and brushed motor M1 (M+) are connected via capacitor C2. Pin 7 of module U1 is the inverting input (b-) of the b comparator. Pin 7 of module U1 is connected to the 5V power supply line via resistor R11 and to GND via resistor R10.

[0056] Pin 8 of the U1 module is the non-inverting input (b+) of the b comparator. Pin 8 is connected to the 5V power supply line through resistor 3 R12, pin 8 is connected to FB (position sensor) through resistor R15, pin 8 is connected to the PWM signal through resistor 2 R13 and resistor 1 R17, and pin 8 is grounded through resistor 4 R14.

[0057] Pin 9 of module U1 is the non-inverting input (a+) of comparator A. Pin 9 is connected to the 5V power supply line through resistor R11 and to GND through resistor R10.

[0058] Pin 10 of module U1 is the inverting input (a-) of comparator A. Pin 10 is connected to the 5V power supply line through resistor R12. Pin 10 is connected to FB (position sensor) through resistor R15. Pin 10 is connected to the PWM signal through resistors R13 and R17. Pin 10 is grounded through resistor R14.

[0059] Pin 16 of module U1 is the output of comparator a, which is connected to brushed motor M1 (M+).

[0060] Compared with existing control actuators, the pure hardware PWM control actuator proposed in this solution has the following advantages:

[0061] From a hardware perspective, it does not require a microprocessor chip, resulting in lower costs;

[0062] In terms of development process, it eliminates the need for a software development process, resulting in lower costs and a shorter development cycle.

[0063] Compared to other production processes, the elimination of the need for program burning results in lower costs.

[0064] In terms of performance, PWM has a wider operating frequency band, ranging from 100Hz to 1KHz in this invention, compared to 100Hz ±1% in conventional methods, thus offering greater compatibility.

[0065] This invention allows for input signals of any frequency (100Hz-1KHz) and amplitude (5-16V), adjusting the PWM to drive the product to the corresponding position. This solution can be applied to fields such as automotive damper control and water valve opening control. Furthermore, this system is also suitable for scenarios requiring fixed-point positioning (such as robot joints, automated equipment, and toy motor control), achieving high-precision motor position control through a closed-loop logic of "expectation-actual-correction."

[0066] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pure hardware PWM control actuator, characterized by, DC-DC module for converting external power supply voltage into +5V voltage as reference voltage of signal processing part; Signal processing module one: converting external PWM signal into PWM signal with amplitude of +5V; Signal processing module two: for forming voltage signal A, voltage signal B, voltage signal C, by comparing voltage signal A, voltage signal B, voltage signal C with voltage signal D in real time, then driving motor until voltage signal A, voltage signal B, voltage signal C and voltage signal D balance, motor stops, thus reaching control target position; Position sensor: real-time feedback of current position voltage signal.

2. The pure hardware PWM control actuator of claim 1, wherein, Signal processing module two integrates and filters PWM signal with +5V into direct current voltage signal through capacitor one C4, capacitor two C5, resistance one R17 and resistance two R13, defined as voltage signal A.

3. The pure hardware PWM control actuator of claim 2, wherein, Signal processing module two divides reference voltage with +5V into 2.5V through resistance three R12 and resistance four R14, defined as voltage signal B.

4. The pure hardware PWM control actuator of claim 3, wherein, Signal processing module two inputs feedback voltage of FB through R15, defined as voltage signal C.

5. The pure hardware PWM control actuator of claim 4, wherein, Signal processing module two divides reference voltage with +5V into 2.47V through resistance five R11 and resistance six R10, and inputs to a comparator positive side and b comparator negative side after connection, defined as voltage signal D.

6. The pure hardware PWM control actuator of claim 5, wherein, Signal processing module two superimposes voltage signal A, voltage signal B, voltage signal C to a comparator negative side and b comparator positive side; voltage signal A, voltage signal B, voltage signal C superimposed with voltage signal D signal are compared in real time, output corresponding signal, when a+>a-, output 12V to brush motor M1 pin, otherwise output 0V, equal output 0V; when b+>b-, output 12V to brush motor M2 pin, otherwise output 0V, equal output 0V, then drive motor until four groups of signals balance, motor stops, thus reaching control target position.

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