Photovoltaic module and method for manufacturing photovoltaic module

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a battery string layer, and one side of the battery string layer is provided with at least two bus bars used for being connected with an external junction box. The first packaging layer is arranged on one side, facing the at least two bus bars, of the battery string layer; the first packaging layer comprises a first opening for the bus bar to pass through; the first bonding layer is arranged between the battery string layer and the first packaging layer so as to bond the battery string layer and the first packaging layer; the water blocking piece comprises multiple layers of water blocking sheets, and the multiple layers of water blocking sheets are sequentially stacked between the first packaging layer and the first bonding layer; wherein at least two bus bars penetrate through the first bonding layer, the multiple layers of water blocking sheets and the first opening and extend to the outer side of the photovoltaic module so as to be connected with an external junction box. The photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the invention can have reliable water blocking performance, the phenomena of subfissure, dark crack and the like of the battery string layer are avoided, and the product quality is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic cells are quite sensitive to moisture. Moisture penetration can cause significant power loss and various reliability issues. Therefore, it is necessary to seal any areas where moisture may penetrate.

[0003] The backsheet glass of a photovoltaic module has lead holes through which busbars connecting the cell strings pass. After passing through the lead holes, the busbars are connected to the junction box. Moisture can easily seep into the interior of the photovoltaic module through the lead holes, causing moisture corrosion to the cell strings and affecting the module's luminous efficiency and lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a photovoltaic module and a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module to solve or alleviate one or more technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] As one aspect of the embodiments of this application, this application provides a photovoltaic module, including: A battery string layer, with at least two busbars on one side for connection to an external junction box; A first encapsulation layer is disposed on one side of the battery string facing at least two busbars; the first encapsulation layer includes a first opening for the busbars to pass through; A first adhesive layer is disposed between the battery string layer and the first encapsulation layer to bond the battery string layer and the first encapsulation layer; A water-blocking component, comprising multiple layers of water-blocking sheets, which are sequentially stacked between a first encapsulation layer and a first adhesive layer; At least two busbars extend through the first adhesive layer, the multi-layer water-blocking sheet, and the first opening to the outside of the photovoltaic module to connect with the external junction box.

[0006] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application provide a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including: The second encapsulation layer, the second adhesive layer, and the battery string layer are stacked in sequence. The first adhesive layer is stacked on top of the battery string layer, and the busbars in the battery string layer pass through the first adhesive layer; The first water-blocking sheet is stacked close to the manifold and placed on top of the first adhesive layer, with the manifold passing through the first water-blocking sheet; Place the second water-blocking sheet on top of the first water-blocking sheet; The first encapsulation layer is stacked on top of the second water-blocking sheet and the first adhesive layer, with the first opening in the first encapsulation layer facing the second water-blocking sheet; the manifold passes through the second water-blocking sheet and the first opening; The stacked components are placed in a laminator to perform vacuuming and lamination processes, resulting in photovoltaic modules.

[0007] This application embodiment uses a multi-layer water-blocking sheet design to place butyl rubber, which has good water-blocking performance but can damage the battery string when in close contact with it, on the outermost layer for waterproofing, achieving a good water-blocking effect. Furthermore, through the other multiple layers of water-blocking, the battery string is protected from damage, preventing phenomena such as hidden cracks and dark cracks from appearing in the battery string.

[0008] The photovoltaic modules provided in this application have reliable water-blocking performance, and the cell strings do not exhibit microcracks or dark cracks, resulting in high product quality. The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of this application will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0009] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0010] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in one state according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0011] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in another state according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0012] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0013] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a water-blocking component according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0014] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a water-blocking component according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0015] Figure 6 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0017] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in one state according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in another state according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a water-blocking component according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a water-blocking component according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes: a cell string layer 3, a first encapsulation layer 5, a first adhesive layer 4, and a water-blocking component.

[0018] One side of the battery string layer 3 is provided with at least two busbars 8 for connecting to an external junction box; the battery string layer 3 can be a battery string composed of silicon crystal cells, with the cells connected by solder strips, and at least two busbars 8 leading out from the solder strips for connecting to an external junction box, so as to realize the function of photovoltaic modules to supply power to the outside.

[0019] The first encapsulation layer 5 is disposed on the side of the battery string layer 3 facing at least two busbars 8; the first encapsulation layer 5 includes a first opening 10 for the busbars 8 to pass through.

[0020] The first encapsulation layer 5 can be made of glass. The first encapsulation layer 5 is used to protect the battery string from the erosion and impact of external fluids or media such as wind, rain, and air. The junction box can be located close to the first encapsulation layer 5 for electrical connection with the busbar 8 extending from the first encapsulation layer 5.

[0021] To facilitate the passage of the busbars 8, the first encapsulation layer 5 is provided with a first opening 10. With the first opening 10 provided, at least two busbars 8 can pass through as close as possible to the edge of the first opening 10 and / or the second opening, so that the at least two busbars 8 maintain a distance from each other and avoid crossing, so that the flow direction of the ions flowing out from the at least two busbars 8 is stable.

[0022] The size of the first opening 10 can be set according to the busbar 8. The shape of the first opening 10 can be designed according to the appearance design requirements of the photovoltaic module.

[0023] A photovoltaic module may have multiple busbars 8 leading out at multiple locations, and multiple first openings 10 can be provided in the first encapsulation layer 5 for these multiple locations. The multiple busbars 8 are led out from the multiple first openings 10 respectively.

[0024] The first adhesive layer 4 is disposed between the battery string layer 3 and the first encapsulation layer 5 to bond the battery string layer 3 and the first encapsulation layer 5.

[0025] The first encapsulation layer 5 cannot be directly and tightly connected to the battery string layer 3. It needs to be bonded by the first adhesive layer 4 to achieve a tight connection between the first encapsulation layer 5 and the battery string layer 3. This can prevent the formation of gaps between the first encapsulation layer 5 and the battery string layer 3, which would make the battery string layer 3 susceptible to damage from moisture and other substances.

[0026] The busbar 8 extends from the first adhesive layer 4 so that the busbar 8 can extend to the first encapsulation layer 5.

[0027] The manifold 8 extends out of the first opening 10. There is a gap between the manifold 8 and the first opening 10. In order to prevent water vapor from seeping in through the gap, the first opening 10 needs to be blocked by a water-blocking component to prevent water vapor erosion.

[0028] The water-blocking component includes multiple layers of water-blocking sheets, which are stacked sequentially between the first encapsulation layer 5 and the first adhesive layer 4. After the water-blocking component melts at high temperature, it is bonded between the first adhesive layer 4 and the first encapsulation layer 5, and is bonded near the busbar 8. This prevents water vapor from seeping into the battery string layer 3 along the busbar 8, thus avoiding corrosion of the battery string layer 3 by water vapor and affecting its service life.

[0029] After the water-blocking component melts at high temperature, it will fill the first opening 10 and have a certain amount of overflow to cover the first encapsulation layer 5, thus blocking water from the outside of the first encapsulation layer 5.

[0030] At least two busbars 8 extend through the first adhesive layer 4, the multilayer water-blocking sheet and the first opening 10 to the outside of the photovoltaic module to connect to the external junction box.

[0031] This application employs a multi-layer water-blocking sheet design, allowing the water-blocking sheet near the first encapsulation layer 5 and the water-blocking sheet near the first adhesive layer 4 to be made of different materials to achieve better water-blocking performance. For example, the water-blocking sheet near the first encapsulation layer 5 can be made of a material with good water-blocking performance, while the water-blocking sheet near the first adhesive layer 4 can be made of a material with certain water-blocking properties that does not damage the battery string layer 3. This multi-layer water-blocking sheet design achieves good water-blocking performance while protecting the battery string layer 3 from damage, preventing microcracks, dark cracks, and other phenomena from appearing in the battery string layer 3.

[0032] In one embodiment, the multilayer water-blocking sheet includes a first water-blocking sheet 7 disposed near the first encapsulation layer 5, and the first water-blocking sheet 7 is made of butyl rubber.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first water-blocking sheet 7 closest to the first encapsulation layer 5 in the multilayer water-blocking sheet is made of butyl rubber. Butyl rubber is the material with the best water-blocking performance among commonly used water-blocking films, that is, the material with the lowest permeability. However, because it is prone to squeezing the battery string layer 3 during the lamination and heating process, it can cause a series of problems such as microcracks and dark cracks in the battery string, affecting the luminous efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, butyl rubber is rarely used for water blocking at present.

[0034] In this embodiment, by setting multiple layers of water-blocking sheets, and then placing butyl rubber on the outermost side near the first package to block water, a good water-blocking effect is achieved. Furthermore, through the other multiple layers of water-blocking, the contact between the battery string layer 3 and the butyl rubber can be isolated, protecting the battery string layer 3 from damage and preventing phenomena such as hidden cracks or dark cracks from appearing in the battery string layer 3.

[0035] It is understood that the butyl rubber in the embodiments of this application can also be replaced by various materials that are currently and in the future used by those skilled in the art for water blocking and have good water blocking performance.

[0036] In one embodiment, the multilayer water-blocking sheet includes a second water-blocking sheet 6 near the first adhesive layer 4, and the second water-blocking sheet 6 is made of a material that is not easily deformed during lamination and heating.

[0037] The material of the second water-blocking sheet 6 is not easily deformed during lamination heating, and its structure is stable, which makes the shape and structure of the first water-blocking sheet 7 more stable after lamination, and can fill the first opening 10 and cover the first encapsulation layer 5, further improving the reliability of water blocking.

[0038] The material of the second water-blocking sheet 6 is not easily deformed under lamination and heating, making it difficult for the material of the first adhesive layer 4 to penetrate through the gaps in the second water-blocking sheet 6. This prevents moisture from contacting the first adhesive layer 4.

[0039] In one embodiment, the second water-blocking sheet 6 is a composite plate, which is made of multiple layers of different materials. The composite plate, serving as the second water-blocking sheet 6, is stacked between the first adhesive layer 4 and the first water-blocking sheet 7 in the photovoltaic module.

[0040] In this embodiment, the composite board includes a first side 601 close to the first adhesive layer 4 and a second side 602 away from the first adhesive layer 4. The first side 601 is attached to the first adhesive layer 4, and the second side 602 is attached to the first water-blocking sheet 7. The material of the second side 602 is a material that is not easily deformed during lamination and heating.

[0041] In this embodiment, only the material of the second side 602 needs to be a material that is not easily deformed during lamination and heating. That is, the side attached to the first water-blocking sheet 7 is not easily deformed during lamination and heating, which can ensure that the shape and structure of the first water-blocking sheet 7 after lamination are more stable, and can fill the first opening 10 and cover the first encapsulation layer 5, further improving the reliability of water blocking.

[0042] In one embodiment, the side facing away from the first adhesive layer 4 is made of EVA (poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) copolymer). That is, the second side 602 is made of EVA, which is a material that is not easily deformed during lamination and heating.

[0043] In one example, due to its low cost, EVA is commonly used in photovoltaic modules to make the first adhesive layer 4. If the second water-blocking sheet 6 is also made of EVA, while it is less prone to deformation during heating, the second water-blocking sheet 6 is easily compatible with the first adhesive layer 4, causing the first water-blocking sheet 7 to come into contact with the first adhesive layer 4, thus negating the purpose of the second water-blocking sheet 6. However, by using a composite panel structure, the material on the side away from the first adhesive layer 4 can be made of EVA, which is low-cost and less prone to deformation during lamination and heating. This approach also applies when the first adhesive layer 4 is made of EVA; it simply requires that the material on the side closest to the first adhesive layer 4 is incompatible with EVA.

[0044] In one example, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to facilitate the passage of the manifold 8, the second water-blocking plate 6 (EVA composite plate) is provided with a through hole 9 for the manifold 8 to pass through.

[0045] In one example, the composite board is at least one of ECPC, ETPT, EKPK, EFFC, EKPC, and ETPC. ECPC (EVA) coating PET Coating (electrophoretic coating + spray coating), ETPT (EVA-polyvinyl fluoride composite film), EKPK (EVA-double-sided K film backsheet), EFFC (EVA-coated backsheet), EKPC (EVA-PVDF film composite backsheet), and ETPC (EVA-polyester film composite material) are all composite boards with EVA on one side.

[0046] It is understood that the composite board in the embodiments of this application may be an EVA composite board that is currently available in the art or may be used or manufactured in the future; it may also be a composite board that is currently available or may be used in the future, with one side being a material that is not easily deformed during lamination and heating, and the other side being a material of other adhesive film.

[0047] In one embodiment, the size of the first water-blocking plate 7 is adapted to the diameter of the first opening 10.

[0048] To achieve the water-blocking effect, the first water-blocking sheet 7 needs to fill the first opening 10. However, filling the first opening 10 does not mean just filling it completely. Instead, depending on the specific situation, after filling the first opening 10, there is a certain amount of overflow so that the first water-blocking sheet 7 overflows from the first encapsulation layer 5 and adheres to the first encapsulation layer 5 from the outside. Water blocking begins from the outside of the first encapsulation layer 5, completely ensuring that moisture will not seep in from the gap between the first encapsulation layer 5 and the second water-blocking sheet 6.

[0049] In one embodiment, the radial dimension of the first water-blocking sheet 7 is 20mm-25mm.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first water-blocking sheet 7 and the second water-blocking sheet 6 work together to block water, so that the size of the first water-blocking sheet 7 can be very small, thus achieving a good water-blocking effect.

[0051] Based on actual experimental testing, the radial dimension of the first water-blocking sheet 7 in this embodiment can be reduced to 20mm-25mm. The radial dimension can be the average of radial dimensions in multiple directions, or it can be the maximum value in multiple radial directions.

[0052] In one example, the values ​​of multiple radial dimensions of the first water-blocking sheet 7 can be equal. For example, when the shape of the first water-blocking sheet 7 is circular, the radial dimension of the first water-blocking sheet 7 is the diameter of the circle.

[0053] In one example, when the shape of the first water-blocking sheet 7 is a square, the radial dimension of the first water-blocking sheet 7 can be the minimum value of multiple radial dimensions, that is, the side length of the square.

[0054] In one embodiment, the height ratio of the first water-blocking sheet 7 to the height of the first adhesive layer 4 is 1 / 3-1.

[0055] The multi-layer water-blocking sheet is stacked on top of the first adhesive layer 4. The multi-layer water-blocking sheet is only placed close to the busbar 8. The radial dimension of the multi-layer water-blocking sheet is much smaller than the dimension of the first adhesive layer 4. In the location where the multi-layer water-blocking sheet is not placed, the first encapsulation layer 5 still needs to contact and bond with the first adhesive layer 4 during lamination. Therefore, if the height of the multi-layer water-blocking sheet is too high, it will be difficult for the first encapsulation layer 5 and the first adhesive layer 4 to bond, resulting in gaps and affecting the product quality of the photovoltaic module.

[0056] The first water-blocking sheet 7 is disposed close to the first encapsulation layer 5, and is stacked on top of the multiple layers of water-blocking sheets. To achieve a good water-blocking effect, the first water-blocking sheet 7 needs to fill the first opening 10 and partially overflow to the outside of the first encapsulation layer 5. Therefore, the first water-blocking sheet 7 needs to have a volume appropriate to the size of the first opening 10.

[0057] By limiting the height of the first water-blocking sheet 7, a certain volume of the first water-blocking sheet 7 material is provided without affecting the adhesion between the first encapsulation layer 5 and the first adhesive layer 4, so that the first water-blocking sheet 7 material can fill the first opening 10 after lamination.

[0058] Based on the limited height of the first water-blocking sheet 7, if the volume is insufficient under the limited height, the diameter of the first opening 10 can be reduced or the area of ​​the first water-blocking sheet 7 can be increased to ensure that the first water-blocking sheet 7 can fill the first opening 10 and achieve a good water-blocking effect.

[0059] This application embodiment, by limiting the height ratio of the first water-blocking sheet 7 to the first adhesive layer 44, can ensure the water-blocking effect without affecting the product quality of the photovoltaic module.

[0060] In one embodiment, the first water-blocking plate 7 has a centrally symmetrical shape, and at least two manifolds 8 are evenly distributed around the center of symmetry.

[0061] The shape of the first water-blocking plate 7 can be a circle, a regular polygon, a triangle, etc.

[0062] In the water-blocking method provided in this application embodiment, a good water-blocking effect can be achieved without a large first water-blocking sheet 7. Therefore, the area of ​​the first water-blocking sheet 7 may be small. In this case, adopting a centrally symmetrical shape can ensure that at least two manifolds 8 extend out with a certain distance between them.

[0063] In one example, the shape of the first water-blocking sheet 7 is adapted to the shape of the first opening 10, and the shape of the first opening 10 can be a centrally symmetrical shape, which improves the appearance of the photovoltaic module.

[0064] In one embodiment, the first adhesive layer 4 is made of at least one of EVA, EPE (EVA+POE+EVA, a combination of poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) copolymer and poly(ethylene-a-polyhydrocarbon) copolymer), and POE (poly(ethylene-a-polyhydrocarbon) copolymer).

[0065] EVA, EPE, and POE are commonly used materials for bonding the first encapsulation layer 5 to the battery string layer 3. In this embodiment, when using the above-mentioned water-blocking scheme, the material of the first adhesive layer 4 is not limited. The above-mentioned water-blocking scheme can be used as long as the material of the first adhesive layer 4 is any kind of adhesive film material.

[0066] For example, when the material of the first adhesive layer 4 is EVA, the material of the second water-blocking sheet 6 is EVA composite board. When the material near the first encapsulation layer 5 is EVA, while the material near the first adhesive layer 4 is other materials, the first adhesive layer 4 and the second water-blocking sheet 6 will not be compatible during lamination heating, ensuring the stable structure of the first water-blocking sheet 7. At the same time, the cost of the adhesive film material used is low.

[0067] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic module further includes: a second encapsulation layer 1 and a second adhesive layer 2.

[0068] The second encapsulation layer 1 is disposed on the side of the battery string facing away from at least two busbars 8; the second adhesive layer 2 is disposed between the battery string layer 3 and the second encapsulation layer 1 to bond the battery string layer 3 and the second encapsulation layer 1.

[0069] The second encapsulation layer 1 is disposed on the side of the battery string layer 3 facing away from at least two busbars 8. The second encapsulation layer 1 can be made of glass. The second encapsulation layer 1 can be made of the same material as the first encapsulation layer 5. The second encapsulation layer 1 is used to protect the battery string from being washed away or attacked by external fluids or media such as wind, rain, and air.

[0070] In one example, when installing photovoltaic modules, the second encapsulation layer 1 faces the sun, providing fully enclosed protection for the cell string layer 3. The first encapsulation layer 5 faces away from the sun, and the busbars 8 of the cell string layer 3 extend from the first encapsulation layer 5 and are electrically connected to the external junction box. The first encapsulation layer 5, facing away from the sun, protects the junction box and busbars 8 from rain and sunlight, thus extending the lifespan of the photovoltaic modules.

[0071] The second adhesive layer 2 is disposed between the battery string layer 3 and the second encapsulation layer 1 to bond the battery string layer 3 and the second encapsulation layer 1. By bonding the battery string layer 3 and the second encapsulation layer 1 with the second adhesive layer 2, gaps can be prevented from forming between the second encapsulation layer 1 and the battery string layer 3, which could lead to damage to the battery string layer 3.

[0072] Other components of the photovoltaic modules in the above embodiments can be derived from various technical solutions that are now and will be known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0073] This application also provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, used to produce a photovoltaic module in any of the above embodiments. Figure 6 shows an exemplary flowchart of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the manufacturing method of this photovoltaic module includes: S610, the second encapsulation layer, the second adhesive layer, and the battery string layer are stacked in sequence; S620, the first adhesive layer is stacked on top of the battery string layer, and the busbars in the battery string layer pass through the first adhesive layer; S630, the second water-blocking sheet is stacked close to the manifold and placed on top of the first adhesive layer, and the manifold passes through the second water-blocking sheet; S640, the first water-blocking sheet is stacked on top of the second water-blocking sheet, and the manifold passes through the first water-blocking sheet; S650, the first encapsulation layer is stacked on top of the first water-blocking sheet and the first adhesive layer, and the first opening in the first encapsulation layer is attached to the first water-blocking sheet; the busbar passes through the first opening; S660, the stacked components are placed in a laminator to perform vacuuming and lamination processes to obtain photovoltaic modules.

[0074] In this embodiment, a photovoltaic module is manufactured by sequentially stacking the second encapsulation layer, second adhesive layer, cell string layer, first adhesive layer, second water-blocking sheet, first water-blocking sheet, and first encapsulation layer, which constitute any of the above embodiments, and then laminating the stacked module in a laminator. The first and second water-blocking sheets are used to block water at the perforations of the busbars. This results in a photovoltaic module with highly reliable water-blocking performance, while also being less prone to microcracks, cavitation, and breakage.

[0075] In one embodiment, step S650 includes: stacking a first encapsulation layer on a first water-blocking sheet, such that the center of the first water-blocking sheet corresponds to the center of the first opening. This facilitates the passage of the manifold strip.

[0076] In one example, the first water-blocking sheet is made of butyl rubber.

[0077] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0078] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0079] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0080] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0081] The foregoing disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for carrying out different structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described above. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0082] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized by, The application relates to a photovoltaic module, comprising: a battery string layer, one side of the battery string layer being provided with at least two bus bars for connecting with an external junction box; a first encapsulation layer, the first encapsulation layer being arranged on the side of the battery string layer facing the at least two bus bars; the first encapsulation layer comprises a first opening for the bus bars to pass through; a first adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer being arranged between the battery string layer and the first encapsulation layer to bond the battery string layer and the first encapsulation layer; a water-blocking element, the water-blocking element comprising a plurality of water-blocking sheets, the plurality of water-blocking sheets being sequentially arranged between the first encapsulation layer and the first adhesive layer and close to the first opening; the plurality of water-blocking sheets comprise a first water-blocking sheet arranged close to the first encapsulation layer and a second water-blocking sheet arranged close to the first adhesive layer, the water-blocking performance of the first water-blocking sheet being superior to that of the second water-blocking sheet; the material of the first water-blocking sheet is butyl rubber; wherein the at least two bus bars extend to the outside of the photovoltaic module through the first adhesive layer, the plurality of water-blocking sheets and the first opening to be connected with the external junction box.

2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The first encapsulation layer is made of glass, and the edges of the at least two bus bars close to the first opening are respectively penetrated to keep the at least two bus bars at a distance.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The material of the second water-blocking sheet is a material that is not easy to deform when laminated and heated.

4. The photovoltaic module of claim 3, wherein, The second water-blocking sheet is a composite board, and the material of the side of the composite board away from the first adhesive layer is a material that is not easy to deform when laminated and heated.

5. The photovoltaic module of claim 4, wherein, The material of the side of the composite board away from the first adhesive layer is EVA material.

6. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The size of the first water-blocking sheet is adapted to the caliber of the first opening; the radial size of the first water-blocking sheet is 20-25 mm.

7. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The height ratio of the first water-blocking sheet to the first adhesive layer is 1 / 3-1.

8. The photovoltaic module according to any of claims 6 to 7, characterized in that, The first water-blocking sheet has a central symmetry shape, and the at least two bus bars are uniformly distributed around the symmetry center.

9. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The material of the first adhesive layer is at least one of EVA, EPE and POE.

10. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The application further comprises: a second encapsulation layer, the second encapsulation layer being arranged on the side of the battery string away from the at least two bus bars; a second adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer being arranged between the battery string layer and the second encapsulation layer to bond the battery string layer and the second encapsulation layer.

11. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module, characterized by, A method for manufacturing the photovoltaic module of any one of claims 1-10, comprising: sequentially arranging a second encapsulation layer, a second adhesive layer and a battery string layer; arranging a first adhesive layer above the battery string layer, the bus bars in the battery string layer penetrating through the first adhesive layer; arranging a second water-blocking sheet above the first adhesive layer close to the bus bars, the bus bars penetrating through the second water-blocking sheet; arranging a first water-blocking sheet above the second water-blocking sheet, the bus bars penetrating through the first water-blocking sheet; the water-blocking performance of the first water-blocking sheet is superior to that of the second water-blocking sheet; the material of the first water-blocking sheet is butyl rubber. A first encapsulation layer is stacked above the first water-blocking sheet and the first adhesive layer, and a first opening in the first encapsulation layer is attached to the first water-blocking sheet; and the bus bar passes through the first opening; The stacked components are placed in a laminator to perform vacuumizing and laminating treatment on the components, thereby obtaining a photovoltaic module.

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