Transmit power aware rate adaptation

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques and apparatus for transmit power aware rate adaptation in wireless communications. An example method of wireless communication includes determining a transmit power associated with a first signal. The method further includes determining a first information transfer rate associated with the first signal based at least in part on the determined transmit power. The method further includes transmitting the first signal at the transmit power based at least in part on the first information transfer rate.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 340,769, filed June 23, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology TECHNICAL FIELD

[0004] Various aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication, and more specifically to rate adaptation in wireless communication.

[0005] DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART

[0006] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that enable communication with multiple users by sharing available wireless communication system resources.

[0007] Modern wireless communication devices, such as cellular phones, are typically mandated to meet radio frequency (RF) exposure limits set by certain government and international standards and regulations. To ensure compliance, such devices undergo extensive certification processes before being shipped to the market. To ensure compliance with RF exposure limits, technologies have been developed that enable wireless communication devices to assess RF exposure from other devices and adjust their transmit power accordingly to meet these limits.

[0008] Despite the tremendous technological advancements in wireless communication systems over the years, challenges remain. For example, complex and dynamic environments can still attenuate or block signals between wireless transmitters and receivers. Therefore, there is a continued expectation for technologies such as rate adaptation to improve the performance of wireless communication systems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Some aspects provide a method for wireless communication by a wireless device. The method includes: determining a transmission power associated with a first signal. The method further includes: determining a first information transmission rate associated with the first signal based at least in part on the determined transmission power. The method further includes: transmitting the first signal at the transmission power based at least in part on the first information transmission rate.

[0010] Some aspects provide an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to determine a transmit power associated with a first signal, determine a first information transfer rate associated with the first signal based at least in part on the determined transmit power, and control transmission of the first signal at the transmit power based at least in part on the first information transfer rate.

[0011] Some aspects provide an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus includes means for determining a transmit power associated with a first signal. The apparatus further includes means for determining a first information transfer rate associated with the first signal based at least in part on the determined transmit power. The apparatus further includes means for transmitting the first signal at the transmit power based at least in part on the first information transfer rate.

[0012] Some aspects provide a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium has instructions stored thereon that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform a method. The method includes determining a transmit power associated with a first signal. The method further includes determining a first information transfer rate associated with the first signal based at least in part on the determined transmit power. The method further includes transmitting the first signal at the transmit power based at least in part on the first information transfer rate.

[0013] Other aspects provide an apparatus that is operable to, configured to, or otherwise adapted to perform any one or more of the preceding methods and / or any one or more of the methods described elsewhere herein; a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the preceding methods and / or the methods described elsewhere herein; a computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing the preceding methods and / or the methods described elsewhere herein; and / or an apparatus comprising means for performing the preceding methods and / or the methods described elsewhere herein. By way of example, an apparatus can include a processing system, a device having a processing system, or a processing system in cooperation with one or more networks.

[0014] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related aspects, one or more aspects comprise the features as broadly indicated herein above and specifically described below. Certain examples of the aspects are set forth with particularity herein below. These examples are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which one or more aspects can be employed. Other objects, advantages, and novel features of the aspects will become apparent from the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarized above, can be had by reference to

[0016] FIG. 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example wireless communication system that exhibits radio frequency (RF) exposure to humans.

[0017] FIG. 2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating a design of an example wireless communication device that communicates with another device.

[0018] FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating an example of transmit power over time that adheres to RF exposure limits.

[0019] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example wireless device with multiple radios.

[0020] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example logical architecture for controlling RF exposure associated with one or more radios.

[0021] FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating a transfer rate versus path loss level for example transfer rate regions.

[0022] FIG. 7 An example table illustrating mapping of transfer rate configurations to various channel conditions is illustrated.

[0023] FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations for wireless communication by a wireless device.

[0024] FIG. 9 A communication device that can include various components configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein is illustrated.

[0025] To facilitate understanding, like reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate like elements across the figures. It is contemplated that elements disclosed in one aspect can be beneficially utilized on other aspects without specific recitation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Aspects of the disclosure provide apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer readable media for performing rate adaptation based at least in part on transmit power.

[0027] In certain wireless communication systems (e.g., wireless local area networks (WLANs)), wireless communication devices can dynamically adjust their delivery rates in response to channel conditions. Such a process can be referred to as rate adaptation. When a wireless device performs rate adaptation, the wireless device can evaluate channel conditions and adapt the delivery rate by selecting a configuration for transmission, where the configuration can include, for example, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), a coding rate, a guard interval, and / or a channel width. The wireless device can evaluate channel conditions via certain channel metrics, such as, for example, a packet error rate (or ratio) (PER), a signal strength (e.g., a received signal strength indicator (RSSI)), and / or a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

[0028] In some cases, the wireless device can also perform certain transmission power controls (e.g., radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance, RF emission control, RF interference control, RF compliance control, data rate specific power control, etc.). Since the delivery rate depends on the signal quality and / or signal strength encountered at the receiver as facilitated by the transmission power used at the transmitter, adjustments to the transmission power performed by transmission power control at the transmitter can impact wireless communication performance. Moreover, rate adaptation performed at the transmitter can not take into account or account for the transmission power. Such evaluation of channel conditions without knowledge of the transmission power used for rate adaptation can result in a delay in adjusting the delivery rate in response to changes in the transmission power, and the delay in adjusting the delivery rate can result in retransmissions, increased latency, reduced throughput, and / or network congestion due to retransmissions.

[0029] Aspects of the disclosure provide apparatuses and methods for rate adaptation based, at least in part, on transmission power. In certain aspects, a wireless device can perform any of a variety of transmission power controls that affect the output power of a radio. For example, the wireless device can perform an RF exposure evaluation to determine a transmission power that complies with RF exposure limits. Since the transmission power can be indicative of and / or affect channel conditions (e.g., a lower transmission power can result in a reduced RSSI or SNR at the receiver), the wireless device can take the transmission power into account when performing rate adaptation. For example, the wireless device can determine a delivery rate based, at least in part, on the determined transmission power. The wireless device can select a delivery rate configuration associated with the transmission power or a parameter associated with (or affected by) the transmission power. In certain aspects, the wireless device can perform the transmission power-aware rate adaptation described herein in response to satisfying one or more criteria, such as satisfying a particular threshold associated with channel conditions.

[0030] The apparatuses and methods described herein for transmit power-aware rate adaptation can provide various advantages. For example, rate adaptation based on transmit power can improve wireless communication performance, including, for example, increased throughput, reduced latency, reduced network congestion, and / or increased transmission range, where the improved performance can be attributable to reduced latency in adapting a delivery rate to changing channel conditions. For example, a wireless device can detect a reduction in transmit power, e.g., due to RF exposure power control, and the wireless device can reduce a delivery rate in response to the reduction in transmit power, which can bypass PER-based rate adaptation (or any other rate adaptation) and improve wireless communication performance.

[0031] As used herein, a radio can refer to a physical or logical transmission path associated with one or more frequency bands (carriers, channels, bandwidths, subdivisions thereof, etc.), transceivers, and / or radio access technologies (RATs) for wireless communication (e.g., wireless wide area networks (WWANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs), short-range communications (Bluetooth), non-terrestrial communications, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, etc.). For example, for uplink carrier aggregation (or multiple connectivity) in WWAN communications, each of the active component carriers for wireless communication can be considered a separate radio. Similarly, multi-band transmission of IEEE 802.11 can be considered a separate radio for each frequency band (e.g., 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz).

[0032] Example RF exposure compliance

[0033] FIG. 1 An example wireless communication system 100 in which aspects of the disclosure can be performed is illustrated. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can include a wireless wide area network (WWAN) and / or a wireless local area network (WLAN). For example, the WWAN can include a New Radio system (e.g., a 5G NR network), an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) system (e.g., a 4G network), a Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) (e.g., a 2G / 3G network), a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system (e.g., a 2G / 3G network), any future WWAN system, or any combination thereof. The WLAN can include a wireless network configured for communication according to an IEEE standard, such as one or more of the 802.11 standards, etc. In some cases, the wireless communication system 100 can include a device-to-device (D2D) communication network or a short-range communication system, such as a Bluetooth communication.

[0034] As FIG. 1As illustrated, the wireless communications system 100 can include a first wireless device 102 in communication with any of a variety of second wireless devices 104a-f (second wireless device 104) via any of a variety of radio access technologies (RATs), where a wireless device can refer to a wireless communication device. The RATs can include, for example, WWAN communications (e.g., E-UTRA and / or 5G NR), WLAN communications (e.g., IEEE 802.11), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, non-terrestrial network (NTN) communications, short-range communications (e.g., Bluetooth), etc.

[0035] The first wireless device 102 can transmit RF signals in the vicinity of a human 108, which can be a user of the first wireless device 102 and / or a bystander. As an example, the first wireless device 102 can be held in the hand of the human 108 and / or positioned against or near the head of the human 108. In certain cases, the first wireless device 102 can be positioned in a pocket or bag of the human 108. In some cases, the first wireless device 102 can be positioned as a mobile hotspot in the vicinity of the human 108. To ensure that the human 108 is not over-exposed to RF emissions from the first wireless device 102, the first wireless device 102 can control a transmit power associated with the RF signals according to RF exposure limits, as further described herein, where the RF exposure limits can depend on a corresponding exposure scenario (e.g., head exposure, extremity (e.g., hand) exposure, body (e.g., body-worn) exposure, hotspot exposure, etc.). The extremities can include, for example, a hand, a wrist, a foot, an ankle, and an auricle.

[0036] The first wireless device 102 can include any of a variety of wireless communication devices, including a user equipment (UE), a wireless station, an access point, a customer premises equipment (CPE), etc. In certain aspects, the first wireless device 102 includes a rate adaptation (RA) manager 106 that determines a delivery rate based at least in part on a transmit power, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0037] The second wireless devices 104a-f can include, for example, a base station 104a, an aircraft 104b, a satellite 104c, a vehicle 104d, an access point (AP) 104e, and / or a UE 104f. Moreover, the wireless communications system 100 can include ground-based aspects (such as ground-based network entities (e.g., base station 104a and / or access point 104e)) and / or non-ground-based aspects (such as aircraft 104b and satellite 104c), which can include on-board network entities (e.g., one or more base stations) capable of communicating with other network elements (e.g., ground-based base stations) and / or user equipment.

[0038] A base station 104a can generally include a NodeB, an enhanced NodeB (eNB), a next generation enhanced NodeB (ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB or gNodeB), an access point, a transceiver base station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, and / or a transmission-reception point, among others. A base station 104a can provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area, which can sometimes be referred to as a cell, and which, in some cases, can overlap with other cells (e.g., small cells can have coverage areas that overlap with coverage areas of macro cells). For example, a base station can provide communication coverage for a macro cell (covering relatively large geographic areas), a pico cell (covering relatively small geographic areas, such as a stadium), a femto cell (relatively small geographic areas, e.g., a home), and / or other types of cells.

[0039] A first wireless device 102 and / or UE 104f can generally include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an always-on (AON) device, an edge processing device, or other similar devices. A UE can also be more generally referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a wireless station (STA), a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile subscriber station, a remote unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a remote device, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, and other terminology.

[0040] According to some aspects, the wireless communication system 100 can include a WLAN, such as a Wi-Fi network. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can be a network implementing at least one of the IEEE 802.11 family of wireless communication protocol standards, such as defined by the IEEE 802.11-2020 specification or revisions thereof, including but not limited to 802.11ay, 802.11ax, 802.11az, 802.11ba, 802.11bd, 802.11be, 802.11bf, and 802.11 revisions associated with Wi-Fi 8. The wireless communication system 100 can include a number of wireless communication devices, such as wireless APs and STAs. For example, the first wireless device 102, the second wireless device 104, and the UE 104f can represent APs and / or STAs. As an example, in some cases, the first wireless device 102 can operate as an AP and / or a STA. The wireless communication system 100 can include multiple APs, including the AP 104e and / or the first wireless device 102. The APs can represent various different types of APs, including but not limited to enterprise-grade APs, single-band APs, dual-band APs, standalone APs, software-enabled APs (soft APs), and multi-link APs. The coverage area and capacity of a cellular network, such as E-UTRA, 5G NR, and the like, can be further improved by small cells supported by APs acting as microcell stations. In addition, a private cellular network can also be established over a wireless area network using small cells.

[0041] A single AP and associated set of STAs can be referred to as a basic service set (BSS), which is managed by the respective AP. The coverage area of an AP can represent a basic service area (BSA) of the wireless communication system 100. A BSS can be identified or indicated to users by a service set identifier (SSID), and to other devices by a basic service set identifier (BSSID), which can be a medium access control (MAC) address of the AP. The AP can periodically broadcast a beacon frame (“beacon”) including the BSSID to enable any STAs within wireless range of the AP to “associate” or re-associate with the AP, establishing a respective communication link 110 with the AP or maintaining a communication link 110 with the AP. For example, the beacon can include an identification or indication of a primary channel used by the respective AP and a timing synchronization function to establish or maintain timing synchronization with the AP. The AP can provide access to external networks to various STAs in the WLAN via the respective communication links 110.

[0042] To establish a communication link 110 with an AP, each of the STAs is configured to perform passive or active scanning operations ("scanning") on a frequency channel in one or more frequency bands (e.g., 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, or 60 GHz bands). To perform passive scanning, a STA listens for beacons transmitted by respective APs at periodic time intervals, referred to as target beacon transmission times (TBTTs), measured in time units (TUs), where one TU can equal 1024 microseconds (ps). To perform active scanning, a STA generates and transmits probe requests in sequence on each channel to be scanned, and listens for probe responses from APs. Each STA can identify, determine, ascertain, or select an AP with which to associate according to scanning information obtained through passive or active scanning, and perform authentication and association operations to establish a communication link 110 with the selected AP. The AP assigns an association identifier (AID) to the STA at the end of the association operations, which the AP uses to track the STA.

[0043] As wireless networks become more ubiquitous, a STA can have the opportunity to select among many BSSs within range of the STA or among multiple APs that together form an extended service set (ESS), including multiple connected BSSs. An extended network station associated with the wireless communication system 100 can be connected to a wired or wireless distribution system that can allow multiple APs to be connected in such an ESS. As such, a STA can be covered by more than one AP and can associate with different APs at different times for different transmissions. Additionally, after associating with an AP, a STA can also periodically scan its surroundings for a more appropriate AP with which to associate. For example, a STA that is moving relative to its associated AP can perform a "roaming" scan to find another AP with more desirable network characteristics, such as a greater received signal strength indicator (RSSI) or a reduced traffic load.

[0044] In some cases, STAs can form a network that does not have an AP or that does not have any equipment other than the STAs themselves. One example of such a network is an ad hoc (or wireless ad hoc network). An ad hoc network can alternatively be referred to as a mesh network or a peer-to-peer (P2P) network. In some cases, an ad hoc network can be implemented within a larger wireless network, such as wireless communication system 100. In such examples, while STAs can be able to communicate with each other through an AP using communication links 110, the STAs can also directly communicate with each other via direct wireless communication links 110. For example, first wireless device 102 can communicate directly with UE 104f via WLAN communication (or other P2P communication, e.g., Bluetooth). Additionally, two STAs can communicate via a direct communication link 110, regardless of whether the two STAs are associated with and served by the same AP. In such an ad hoc system, one or more of the STAs can assume the role filled by an AP in a BSS. Such a STA can be referred to as a group owner (GO) and can coordinate transmissions within the ad hoc network. Examples of direct wireless communication links 110 include Wi-Fi Direct connections, connections established through the use of Wi-Fi Tunneled Direct Link Setup (TDLS) links, and other P2P group connections. In some cases, first wireless device 102 can be able to communicate with multiple peers including STAs and / or APs.

[0045] The APs and STAs can operate and communicate (via respective communication links 110) according to one or more of the IEEE 802.11 wireless communication protocol standards family. These standards define the WLAN radio and baseband protocol for the physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layers. The APs and STAs transmit and receive wireless communications (hereinafter also referred to as “wireless packets”) to and from each other in the form of PHY protocol data units (PPDUs). The APs and STAs in wireless communication system 100 can transmit PPDUs over an unlicensed or shared spectrum, which can be a portion of the spectrum including frequency bands used by WLAN technologies, such as the 2.4 GHz band, the 5 GHz band, the 60 GHz band, the 3.6 GHz band, and the 900 MHz band. Some examples of APs and STAs described herein can also communicate in other frequency bands, such as the 5.9 GHz band and the 6 GHz band, which can support both licensed and unlicensed communications. The APs and STAs can also communicate over other frequency bands, such as a shared licensed band, where multiple operators can have a license to operate in one or more of the same or overlapping bands.

[0046] Each frequency band can include multiple sub-bands or frequency channels. For example, PPDUs conforming to revisions of the IEEE 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and 802.11be standards can be transmitted in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz bands, where each of these bands is divided into multiple 20 MHz channels. Therefore, these PPDUs are transmitted on physical channels with a minimum bandwidth of 20 MHz, but larger channels can be formed through channel bonding. For example, PPDUs can be transmitted on physical channels with bandwidths of 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, or 320 MHz by bonding multiple 20 MHz channels together.

[0047] Each PPDU is a composite structure comprising a PHY preamble and a payload in the form of a PHY Service Data Unit (PSDU). The information provided in the preamble can be used by the receiving device to decode subsequent data in the PSDU. In instances where the PPDU is transmitted on a bound channel, the preamble field may be copied and transmitted in each of the multiple component channels. The PHY preamble may include both a legacy portion (or "legacy preamble") and a non-legacy portion (or "non-legacy preamble"). The legacy preamble can be used for other purposes such as packet detection, automatic gain control, and channel estimation. The legacy preamble is also typically used to maintain compatibility with legacy equipment. The format, decoding, and information provided in the non-legacy portion of the preamble are associated with the specific IEEE 802.11 protocol to be used to transmit the payload.

[0048] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., WLANs), wireless devices can perform rate adaptation to adjust their transmission rate in response to channel conditions. Since channel capacity depends on channel conditions, wireless devices can assess channel conditions and determine an appropriate transmission rate based on them. For example, wireless devices can assess channel conditions via any of a variety of channel metrics or attributes, including, for example, channel quality indicators, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR), signal-to-noise plus distortion ratio (SNDR), received signal strength indicator (RSSI), reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), data error rate or ratio (e.g., packet error (PER)), and / or metrics derived from any of them (e.g., time average, filtered value, weighted combination, etc.). Wireless devices can identify a transmission rate configuration corresponding to the channel conditions.

[0049] The transmission rate configuration may include any of a variety of parameters, such as the number of spatial streams in transmission, modulation and decoding scheme (MCS), decoding rate, guard interval, and / or channel width. It should be understood that these parameters used for transmission rate configuration are examples of parameters that can be used. In other RATs (e.g., WWAN communications or future RATs), the transmission rate may depend on parameters other than those described herein with respect to WLAN communications, or on parameters that supersede those described herein with respect to WLAN communications, such as duplex mode (frequency or time), number of aggregated carriers, number of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) layers, bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, and frequency range (e.g., frequency range 1 (FR1) or frequency range 2 (FR2)).

[0050] In certain circumstances, the first wireless device 102 may control the transmit power used to transmit RF signals to comply with RF exposure limits. RF exposure can be expressed as specific absorption rate (SAR), which measures the energy absorption per unit mass of human tissue and can be measured in watts per kilogram (W / kg). RF exposure can also be expressed as power density (PD), which measures the energy absorption per unit area and can be measured in milliwatts per square centimeter (mW / cm²). 2 RF exposure is measured in units of 100 watts per square meter (W / m²). In some cases, such as for total RF energy limits allowed over a specific time period, RF exposure can be expressed as a specific energy absorption (SA) limit or absorbed energy density (Uab) limit. In some cases, maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits (in PD) may be imposed on wireless communication devices using transmission frequencies above 6 GHz. The frequency band from 24 GHz to 71 GHz or higher is sometimes referred to as “millimeter wave” (“mmW” or “mmWave”). MPE limits are area-based regulatory measures of exposure, such as energy density limits, which are defined as the number of watts per square meter (W / m²) averaged over a defined area and over a frequency-dependent time window. 2 This is to prevent human exposure hazards represented by tissue temperature changes. Some RF exposure limits may be specified based on the maximum RF exposure metric (e.g., SAR or PD) averaged over a specified time window (e.g., 100 or 360 seconds for the sub-6 GHz band, or 2 seconds for the 60 GHz band).

[0051] SAR can be used to assess RF exposure for transmission frequencies less than 6 GHz, which encompasses wireless communication technologies such as 2G / 3G (e.g., CDMA), 4G (e.g., E-UTRA), 5G (e.g., NR in sub-6 GHz bands), IEEE 802.11 (e.g., a / b / g / n / ac), and the like. PD can be used to assess RF exposure for transmission frequencies higher than 6 GHz, which encompasses wireless communication technologies such as IEEE 802.11 ad, 802.11 ay, 5G in mmWave bands, and the like. Thus, different metrics can be used to assess RF exposure for different wireless communication technologies.

[0052] A wireless device (e.g., the first wireless device 102) can be capable of transmitting signals using multiple wireless communication technologies and / or frequency bands, and in some cases, can be capable of transmitting such signals simultaneously. For example, a wireless device can transmit signals using a first wireless communication technology that operates at or below 6 GHz (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc.) and a second wireless communication technology that operates above 6 GHz (e.g., mmWave 5G in the 24-60 GHz band, IEEE 802.11 ad or 802.11 ay). In certain aspects, a wireless device can transmit signals using a first wireless communication technology (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, IEEE 802.11 ac, etc. in sub-6 GHz bands) in which RF exposure can be measured in the form of SAR and a second wireless communication technology (e.g., 5G in the 24-71 GHz band, IEEE 802.11 ad, 802.11 ay, etc.) in which RF exposure can be measured in the form of PD.

[0053] FIG. 2 Example components of the first wireless device 102 are illustrated, which can be used to communicate with any of the second wireless devices 104, in some cases, in the vicinity of human tissue as represented by a human 108.

[0054] The first wireless device 102 can be or include a chip, system on chip (SoC), chipset, package, or device that includes one or more modems 212. In some cases, the modems 212 can include any of, for example, a WW AN modem (e.g., a modem configured to communicate via E-UTRA and / or 5G NR standards), a WLAN modem (e.g., a modem configured to communicate via 802.11 standards), a Bluetooth modem, an NTN modem, etc. In certain aspects, the first wireless device 102 also includes one or more radio parts (collectively referred to as “radio parts 250”). In some aspects, the first wireless device 102 also includes one or more processors, processing blocks, or processing elements (collectively referred to as “processors 210”) and one or more storage blocks or elements (collectively referred to as “memory 240”).

[0055] In certain aspects, the processors 210 can include processors that represent application processors that generate information for transmission (e.g., application data, such as a content request) and / or receive information (e.g., requested content) via the modems 212. In some cases, the processors 210 can include microprocessors associated with the modems 212 that can implement the rate adaptation manager 106 and / or process any of certain protocol stack layers associated with a radio access technology (RAT). For example, the processors 210 can process any of an application layer, a packet layer, a WLAN protocol stack layer (e.g., a link or medium access control (MAC) layer), and / or a WW AN protocol stack layer (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a MAC layer). In some cases, at least one of the modems 212 (e.g., a WW AN modem) can communicate with one or more of the other modems 212 (e.g., a WLAN modem and / or a Bluetooth modem). For example, the processors 210 can represent at least one of the modems 212 that communicates with one or more of the other modems 212.

[0056] The modem 212 can include an intelligent hardware block or device, such as, for example, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), among other possibilities. The modem 212 can be generally configured to implement a physical (PHY) layer. For example, the modem 212 can be configured to modulate packets and output the modulated packets to the radio 250 for transmission on the wireless medium. The modem 212 is similarly configured to obtain modulated packets received by the radio 250 and demodulate the packets to provide demodulated packets. In addition to modulators and demodulators, the modem 212 can also include digital signal processing (DSP) circuitry, automatic gain control (AGC), coders, decoders, multiplexers, and demultiplexers (not shown).

[0057] As an example, when in transmit mode, the modem 212 can obtain data from the processor 210. The data obtained from the processor 210 can be provided to a coder, which encodes the data to provide coded bits. The coded bits can be mapped (e.g., using a selected modulation and coding scheme) to points in a modulation constellation to provide modulated symbols. The modulated symbols can be mapped to, for example, spatial streams or space-time streams. The modulated symbols can be multiplexed, transformed via an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block, and then provided to DSP circuitry for transmit windowing and filtering. The digital signals can be provided to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 222. In certain aspects involving beamforming, the modulated symbols in the respective spatial streams can be precoded via a steering matrix prior to being provided to the IFFT block.

[0058] The modem 212 can be coupled to a radio 250, which includes a transmit (TX) path 214 (also referred to as a transmit chain) for transmitting signals via one or more antennas 218 and a receive (RX) path 216 (also referred to as a receive chain) for receiving signals via the antennas 218. When the TX path 214 and the RX path 216 share an antenna 218, the paths can be connected with the antenna via an interface 220, which can include any of various suitable RF devices such as switches, duplexers, diplexers, multiplexers, etc. As an example, the modem 212 can output digital in-phase (I) and / or quadrature (Q) baseband signals representing respective symbols to the DAC 222.

[0059] From the DAC 222, the TX path 214 can include a baseband filter (BBF) 224, a mixer 226 (which can include one or several mixers), and a power amplifier (PA) 228. The BBF 224 filters the baseband signal received from the DAC 222, and the mixer 226 mixes the filtered baseband signal with a transmit local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the baseband signal to a different frequency (e.g., upconvert from baseband to radio frequency). In some aspects, the frequency conversion process produces sum and difference frequencies between the LO frequency and the frequency of the baseband signal. The sum and difference frequencies are referred to as beat frequencies. Some beat frequencies are in the RF range, such that the signal output by the mixer 314 is typically an RF signal, which can be amplified by the PA 228 before being transmitted through the antenna 218. The antenna 218 can emit the RF signal, which can be received at the second wireless device 104. Although one mixer 226 is illustrated, several mixers can be used to upconvert the filtered baseband signal to one or more intermediate frequencies and thereafter upconvert the intermediate frequency signal to the frequency for transmission.

[0060] The RX path 216 can include a low noise amplifier (LNA) 230, a mixer 232 (which can include one or several mixers), and a baseband filter (BBF) 234. The RF signal received via the antenna 218 (e.g., from the second wireless device 104) can be amplified by the LNA 230, and the mixer 232 mixes the amplified RF signal with a receive local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the RF signal to a baseband frequency (e.g., downconvert). The baseband signal output by the mixer 232 can be filtered by the BBF 234 and then converted to a digital I or Q signal by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 236 for digital signal processing. The modem 212 can receive the digital I or Q signal and further process the digital signal, e.g., demodulate the digital signal.

[0061] Certain transceivers can employ a frequency synthesizer with a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to generate a stable, tunable LO frequency with a particular tuning range. Thus, the transmit LO frequency can be produced by a frequency synthesizer 238, which can be buffered or amplified by an amplifier (not shown) before being mixed with the baseband signal in the mixer 226. Similarly, the receive LO frequency can be produced by the frequency synthesizer 238, which can be buffered or amplified by an amplifier (not shown) before being mixed with the RF signal in the mixer 232. Separate frequency synthesizers can be used for the TX path 214 and the RX path 216.

[0062] When in receive mode, modem 212 can obtain a digitized signal via ADC 236 and RX path 216. As an example, in modem 212, the digital signal can be provided to a DSP circuit configured to acquire the received signal, for example, by detecting the presence of the signal and estimating initial timing and frequency offsets. The DSP circuit is also configured to digitally condition the digital signal, for example, using channel (narrowband) filtering, analog impairment conditioning such as correcting I / Q imbalance, and applying digital gain to ultimately obtain a narrowband signal. The output of the DSP circuit can be fed to an AGC configured to use information extracted from the digital signal (e.g., in one or more received training fields) to determine an appropriate gain. The output of the DSP circuit can also be coupled with a demodulator configured to extract modulated symbols from the signal and, for example, compute a log-likelihood ratio (LLR) for each bit position of each subcarrier in each spatial stream. The demodulator can be coupled with a decoder that can be configured to process the LLRs to provide decoded bits. The decoded bits from all spatial streams can be fed to a demultiplexer for demultiplexing. The demultiplexed bits can be descrambled and provided to a medium access control layer (e.g., processor 210) for processing, evaluation, or interpretation.

[0063] The processor 210 and / or modem 212 can control transmission of signals via the TX path 214 and / or reception of signals via the RX path 216. In some aspects, the processor 210 and / or modem 212 can be configured to perform various operations, such as those associated with any of the methods described herein. The processor 210 and / or modem 212 can include a microcontroller, microprocessor, application processor, baseband processor, MAC processor, neural network processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. In some cases, aspects of the processor 210 can be integrated with (incorporated into and / or shared with) the modem 212, such as the RA manager 106, microcontroller, microprocessor, baseband processor, medium access control (MAC) processor, digital signal processor, etc. For example, the processor 210 can represent one or more coprocessors (e.g., one or more microprocessors) associated with the modem 212, and the modem 212 can represent one or more ASICs including a baseband processor, MAC processor, DSP, and / or neural network processor. The memory 240 can store data and program codes (e.g., computer-readable instructions) for performing wireless communication as described herein. The memory 240 can be external (as illustrated) and / or incorporated into the processor 210 and / or modem 212. In certain cases, the processor 210 and / or modem 212 can determine a transmission power (e.g., corresponding to certain gain levels applied to the TX path 214 including the BBF 224, mixer 226, and / or PA 228) that complies with RF exposure limits set by national-specific regulations and / or international guidelines (e.g., International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines) as described herein.

[0064] FIG. 2 An example transceiver design is shown. It will be appreciated that other transceiver designs or architectures can be applied in connection with aspects of the disclosure. For example, while the examples discussed herein utilize I and Q signals (e.g., quadrature modulation), those of skill in the art will appreciate that components of the transceiver can be configured to utilize any other suitable modulation, such as polar modulation. As another example, circuit blocks can be arranged differently than shown, and / or other circuit blocks not depicted can be implemented in addition to or instead of the depicted blocks. FIG. 2 FIG. 2 other circuit blocks not shown.

[0065] ​In some cases, compliance with RF exposure limits can be performed as a time-averaged RF exposure assessment within a specified operating (mobile) time window associated with the RF exposure limit. RF exposure limits can specify time-averaged RF exposure metrics (e.g., SAR and / or PD) within the operating time window. As an example, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) stipulates that for frequencies below 6 GHz, certain SAR limits (general public exposure) are 0.08 W / kg, such as averaging over the entire body, and 1.6 W / kg of peak spatially averaged SAR, averaging over any 1 gram of tissue (defined as a cubic tissue volume), while certain PD limits are 1 mW / cm². 2 Such as averaging over the entire body, and in any 1cm 2 The average value was 4mW / cm. 2 The peak spatial average PD. The FCC also specifies that for the sub-6 GHz band, the corresponding averaging time can be six minutes (360 seconds), while for the mmWave band (e.g., the 60 GHz band), the averaging time can be 2 seconds, for example, under the proposed regulations.

[0066] RF exposure limits and / or corresponding average time windows may vary based on frequency bands. In some respects, RF exposure limits and / or corresponding average time windows (if applicable) may be specific to a particular geographic region or country, such as the United States, Canada, China, or the European Union. In some cases, RF exposure limits may specify the maximum permissible RF exposure that may be encountered without time averaging. In such cases, the maximum permissible RF exposure may correspond to the maximum output or transmit power that can be used by the wireless device.

[0067] FIG. 3 This is a graph 300 showing the transmit power (P(t)) changing over time within an operational (e.g., rolling or moving) time window (T) associated with RF exposure limits. A wireless device (e.g., first wireless device 102) can assess RF exposure compliance within the operational time window 302 (T) based on past RF exposure (e.g., transmit power reports) in past time intervals 304 of the time window 302 and future time intervals 306. The wireless device can determine the maximum permissible transmit power for the future time interval 306 that satisfies the time-averaged RF exposure limit based on past RF exposure used in past time intervals 304. This time-averaged assessment can be performed by the wireless device as the time window 302 moves over time, for example, into the next future time interval 308, where past time intervals 304 now include the previous future time interval 306.

[0068] Maximum time-average transmit power limit (P) limitThis represents the maximum transmit power that the wireless device can continuously transmit within the duration of the operating time window 302(T), in accordance with RF exposure limits. For example, the wireless device transmits at P in the third time window 302c. limit Transmissions are made continuously such that the time-averaged transmit power over the time window (e.g., the third time window 302c) is equal to P following the time-averaged RF exposure limit. limit .

[0069] In some cases, the instantaneous transmission power may exceed P at certain transmission moments. limit For example, as shown in the first time window 302a and the second time window 302b. In some cases, the wireless device can P max (This can be the maximum instantaneous transmit power supported by the wireless device, the maximum instantaneous transmit power that the wireless device is capable of outputting, or the maximum instantaneous transmit power permitted by standards or regulatory agencies (e.g., maximum output power P)). CMAX The wireless device may transmit at a rate less than or equal to P during certain transmission events. limit Transmit at the specified transmission power, for example, as shown in the first time window 302a.

[0070] In some cases, reserved power can be used to achieve the effect of power exceeding P during the time window (T). limit During transmission, continuous transmission can be performed within this time window, or a specific quality level can be achieved for certain transmissions. As shown in the second time window 302b, the transmission power can be adjusted from P... max Back to reserved power (P) reserve This allows the wireless device to maintain continuous transmission during the time window (e.g., maintain a radio connection with the receiving entity) while adhering to the time-averaged RF exposure limit. In the third time window 302c, the wireless device can increase the transmit power to P, which adheres to the time-averaged RF exposure limit. limit In some cases, P reserve Specific transmission quality levels are permitted for certain transmissions (e.g., control signaling, high-priority communication, low-latency communication, highly reliable communication, etc.). P reserve It can be used to reserve transmission power for certain transmissions (e.g., control signaling) within at least a portion of time window 302.

[0071] In the second time window 302b, at P max During the time it takes to send the message, the period between P and the end of the transmission period. max With P reserve The area between them can be equal to the area between P within the time window T. limit With P reserveThe area between them makes the total area of ​​the transmitted power (P(t)) in the second time window 302b equal to the area of ​​P within the time window T. limit The area. This area can be considered as using 100% of the energy (transmit power or exposure) to maintain compliance with time-averaged RF exposure limits. Without reserved power P reserve In this case, the transmitter can transmit at P within a portion of the time window. max The transmitter is sent, and then shut down for the remainder of the time window to ensure compliance with time-averaged RF exposure limits.

[0072] In some respects, the wireless device can achieve a higher P value in the time averaging mode illustrated in the second time window 302b. limit But less than P max The power is used for transmission. Although a single transmission burst is illustrated in the second time window 302b, it will be understood that the wireless device may instead utilize multiple transmission bursts within the time window (T), wherein the transmission burst is maintained at a transmission power equal to or below P during its duration. reserve The transmission time periods are separated. Furthermore, it will be understood that the transmission power of each transmission burst can vary (within the burst and / or compared to other bursts), and at least a portion of a burst can be higher than P. limit The power is transmitted.

[0073] In some respects, wireless devices may transmit power at a level less than or equal to a fixed power limit (e.g., P) without taking into account past exposure and / or past transmit power in terms of time-averaged RF exposure. limit The power of ) is used for transmission. For example, wireless devices can use (depending on the RF exposure scenario, including P) to transmit. limit (One or more values) lookup table to find values ​​less than or equal to P limit The power is used for transmission. The lookup table may be determined based on the transmission frequency, transmitting antenna, radio configuration (single or multiple radios), and / or RF exposure scenario encountered by the wireless device (e.g., device status index corresponding to head exposure, body or torso exposure, limb or hand exposure, and / or hotspot exposure) to provide P. limit One or more values. Examples of RF exposure scenarios include situations where a wireless device is emitting RF signals near human tissue (such as a user's head, hands, or body (e.g., torso)), or where the wireless device is being used as a hotspot away from human tissue. Therefore, RF exposure can be managed as a time-averaged RF exposure assessment (e.g., FIG. 3 (As illustrated), management may be achieved using lookup tables, equalization, or maximum values, or by using another strategy or algorithm, where the specific process for managing RF exposure may be referred to herein as an RF exposure control scheme.

[0074] In some respects, a wireless device may exhibit or be configured with a transmit duty cycle. The wireless device may determine, based on the duty cycle, the transmit power level and / or reserved power level to comply with time-averaged RF exposure limits. The transmit duty cycle may indicate the share (e.g., 100ms) of a specific period (e.g., 500ms) in which the wireless device transmits RF signals. The duty cycle may be a ratio of the share to a specific period (e.g., ...). The duty cycle can be expressed as a number from zero to one. The duty cycle can be an effective duty cycle associated with the total transmission time of one or more transmissions within a given time period, where the one or more transmissions may include transmission bursts having time gaps between at least two of these bursts. For example, in a first time window 302a, the duty cycle may be greater than 50% of the duration of the time window (T), while in a second time window 302b, the duty cycle may be equal to 100% of the duration of the time window (T). In some cases, the duty cycle may be normalized using a specific RAT (e.g., predetermined) and / or change over time, for example, due to variations in radio conditions, mobility, and / or user behavior.

[0075] As an example, some RATs can specify the uplink duty cycle in the form of a time-division duplex (TDD) configuration, such as the TDD uplink-downlink (UL-DL) slot mode in 5G NR or a similar TDD mode in E-UTRA or UMTS. In 5G NR, the TDD UL-DL slot mode can specify the number of uplink slots and the corresponding time positioning associated with the uplink slots in the slot sequence, such that the total number of uplink slots relative to the total number of slots in the sequence indicates the duty cycle. In some aspects, the duty cycle can correspond to the actual duration of past transmissions used for scheduling or use within, for example, the TDD UL-DL slot mode. For example, although a radio device may be configured with a TDD UL-DL slot mode, the radio device may use a portion or subset of UL slots to transmit RF signals. Therefore, the duty cycle of the radio device may be less than the maximum available duty cycle corresponding to the TDD UL-DL slot mode.

[0076] When certain transmit power controls (e.g., RF exposure compliance, RF emission, RF interference, RF compliance control, data rate-specific power control, RF saturation, etc.) adjust the transmit power of a wireless device (e.g., first wireless device 102), such adjustments to the transmit power may affect the channel capacity of the communication link between that wireless device and another wireless device (e.g., second wireless device 104). Variations in the transmit power used at the transmitter may affect the quality or strength of the signal received at the receiver (e.g., increasing or decreasing SNR, RSSI, PER, etc.). In some cases, the resulting received signal strength may be higher or lower than the sensitivity of the transmission rate at the receiver. For example, assuming a transmission rate can be achieved within the RSSI range, if an adjustment to the transmit power at the transmitter (e.g., due to any transmit power control in the various transmit power controls) causes the RSSI to exceed the RSSI range, the wireless device may experience reduced throughput due to transmission errors and / or retransmissions to compensate for the mismatch between the RSSI and the transmission rate. As an example, although the RSSI is capable of supporting a higher transmission rate, the wireless device may use a lower transmission rate. In some cases, PER can increase as the transmit power is adjusted by transmit power control.

[0077] Rate adaptation performed at the transmitting device can adjust the transmission rate in response to changes in channel conditions (e.g., as indicated by PER, SNR, RSSI, etc.). This rate adaptation may not take into account or consider the transmission power adjusted by certain transmit power controls. Such an assessment of channel conditions without transmit power for rate adaptation may result in delays in adjusting the transmission rate in response to changes in transmit power, and these delays may lead to retransmissions, increased latency, reduced throughput, and / or network congestion due to retransmissions.

[0078] Example transmit power aware rate adaptation

[0079] Various aspects of this disclosure provide apparatus and methods for rate adaptation based at least in part on transmit power. In some aspects, the wireless device may perform any of a variety of transmit power controls that affect the output power of radio components. For example, the wireless device may perform an exposure assessment to determine the transmit power that complies with RF exposure limits, for example, as described herein. FIG. 3As described herein, the transmit power can indicate or influence channel conditions (e.g., lower transmit power at the transmitter may lead to a decrease in RSSI or SNR at the receiver), so the wireless device may take this transmit power into account when performing rate adaptation. For example, the wireless device may determine the pass rate at least in part based on the determined transmit power. In some cases, the wireless device may have access to a table that maps pass rate configurations (including, for example, MCS, decoding rate, guard interval, channel width, or any combination thereof) to transmit power or parameters associated with (affected by) the transmit power. The wireless device may select a pass rate configuration associated with the transmit power or parameter based on the mapping in the table. In some aspects, the wireless device may perform transmit power-aware rate adaptation as described herein in response to the satisfaction of one or more criteria, such as satisfying a specific threshold associated with channel conditions. For example, the wireless device may perform transmit power-aware rate adaptation when RSSI becomes below a threshold or PER becomes above a threshold.

[0080] FIG. 4 This is an illustration of an example wireless device 402 (e.g., a first wireless device 102) having multiple radio components 450a to 450d (e.g., radio component 250). In this example, radio components 450a to 450d may be associated with any of various RATs and / or frequency bands, channels, bandwidths, carriers, etc. For example, the first radio component 450a may communicate via a WWAN RAT (e.g., E-UTRA and / or 5G NR) in a frequency band below 6 GHz. The second radio component 450b may communicate via a WWAN RAT (e.g., 5G NR) in a mmWave frequency band. The third radio component 450c may communicate via a WLAN RAT in a frequency band below 6 GHz (e.g., 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and / or 6 GHz). The fourth radio component 450d may communicate via short-range communication (e.g., Bluetooth) in a 2.4 GHz frequency band. Although this example illustrates a wireless device with four radio components, a wireless device may have any number of radio components for wireless communication, such as radio components per frequency band associated with WWAN and / or WLAN communication, radio components per RAT, and / or radio components capable of communicating via multiple RATs.

[0081] FIG. 5This is a diagram illustrating an example logical architecture 500 for controlling the transmit power (and therefore RF exposure, RF transmission, RF interference, etc.) associated with one or more radio components 506 (e.g., radio components 450a to 450d) of a wireless device (e.g., wireless device 402). Since the outer loop 502 and inner loop 504 control the transmit power applied at the radio component 506 to comply with RF exposure limits, aspects of the outer loop 502 and / or inner loop 504 may represent an RF exposure manager 106. In some aspects, the outer loop 502 may represent a centralized RF exposure manager, and the inner loop 504 may represent a transmit power manager associated with the radio component 506, as further described herein. As an example, the outer loop 502 may be implemented in a WWAN modem, and at least one of the inner loops 504 may be implemented in a WLAN modem or a multi-RAT modem (e.g., a modem configured to perform WLAN and Bluetooth communications). FIG. 2 The outer loop 502 may be implemented in processor 210 (as described herein, in some cases, the processor may include or represent a modem, such as a WWAN modem), and the inner loop 504 may be implemented in modem 212 (e.g., another modem, such as a WLAN modem). In some cases, the outer loop 502 and the inner loop 504 may be implemented in the same modem and / or processor (e.g., a WWAN modem or a WLAN modem).

[0082] In this example, the outer loop 502 operates as a centralized controller controlling the RF exposure associated with radio component 506. The outer loop 502 may determine the maximum permissible transmit power available for future time intervals based on past transmit power associated with all (or some) of the radio components 506 (e.g., radio components 506 actively transmitting). For example, the outer loop 502 may periodically (e.g., every 500 milliseconds) receive first information 508 from the inner loop 504 associated with radio component 506. In some cases, the outer loop 502 may receive the first information 508 in response to certain criteria (e.g., triggering events including changes in channel conditions, quality of service (QoS), etc.). The periodicity of receiving the first information 508 at the outer loop 502 may correspond to time interval periods, such as after each future time interval 306, 308 of the rolling time window 302.

[0083] The first information 508 may include an indication of a transmit power report and / or an indication of a transmit power request associated with a corresponding inner loop 504. The indication of a transmit power request may include a requested transmit power or exposure margin for a future time interval (e.g., time intervals 306, 308). The indication of a transmit power report may include a past transmit power history or average transmit power associated with a time interval (e.g., a past time interval within a rolling time window, such as past time interval 304 or a previous future time interval). A particular inner loop 504 may be associated with one or more radio components (e.g., any of radio components 550a to 550d), and therefore, the first information 508 may be associated with such radio components. As an example, at least one inner loop of the inner loops 504 may provide the first information 508 associated with a WLAN radio component to the outer loop 502.

[0084] The outer loop 502 may determine a separate transmit power budget for the inner loop 504, for example, based on first information 508 and / or other information (e.g., a specific transmit power budget allocation for the inner loop). In some aspects, for example, when the inner loop 504 is not configured to provide first information 508, the outer loop 502 may determine the transmit power budget without first information 508. The transmit power budget may be associated with a time interval (such as future time intervals 306, 308) in which the transmit power budget is to be applied. The transmit power budget of the inner loop 504 may conform to RF exposure limits or any other suitable transmit power control. As an example, the inner loop 504 may obtain the corresponding transmit power budget before a future time interval occurs, and the inner loop 504 may determine the specific transmit power to be used in accordance with the corresponding transmit power budget.

[0085] In some respects, the outer loop 502 may periodically provide second information 510 to the inner loop 504, wherein the second information 510 may indicate a transmit power budget associated with the inner loop 504. In some cases, each inner loop in the inner loop 504 may receive the second information 510, which may indicate a portion of the total transmit power budget for each inner loop in the inner loop 504. For example, the outer loop 502 may provide a first transmit power budget to a first inner loop and a second transmit power budget to a second inner loop, wherein the first transmit power budget and the second transmit power budget are portions of the total transmit power budget distributed among the inner loops 504. In some cases, such as when certain radio components are disabled or inactive (e.g., in idle or sleep mode) and communication is not expected in the corresponding time interval, a transmit power budget may be assigned to a subset of the inner loops 504. In such cases, the outer loop 502 may provide the second information 510 to only a subset of the inner loops 504 that actively transmit in that time interval.

[0086] In some respects, the inner loop 504 can operate in stand-alone mode, where the inner loop 504 determines its own transmit power budget that conforms to RF exposure limits. In stand-alone mode, the inner loop 504 can determine the transmit power budget without periodic updates from the outer loop 502 and / or other inner loops 504. When operating in stand-alone mode, the inner loop 504 may not communicate with the outer loop 502. As an example, since the outer loop 502 is in idle or sleep mode, the inner loop 504 may temporarily cease communication with the outer loop 502, and therefore, the inner loop 504 can operate in stand-alone mode to determine the transmit power that conforms to RF exposure. In some cases, the inner loop 504 can operate permanently in stand-alone mode without updates from the outer loop 502. For example, a WLAN modem and / or a Bluetooth modem can operate in stand-alone mode, separate from the outer and / or inner loops associated with WWAN communication. In such cases of stand-alone mode, obtaining the transmit power budget may involve the inner loop 504 generating the transmit power budget. In some cases, the exposure of one or more RATs (e.g., WWAN) can be managed by a first exposure manager, while one or more other RATs (e.g., WLAN, Bluetooth, and / or NTN) are managed by a second exposure manager.

[0087] A transmit power budget indicates the maximum permissible time-average transmit power, following RF exposure limits, that one or more radio components can use for a future time interval. The maximum permissible time-average transmit power may correspond to a portion of a rolling time window (e.g., a future time interval), while the maximum time-average transmit power (e.g., P) limit This can correspond to the entire duration of such a time window associated with RF exposure limits. The total transmit power budget for wireless devices can be shared among multiple RATs (e.g., including WWAN, WLAN, NTN, V2X, D2D, and / or short-range (e.g., Bluetooth) communications). In some cases, the total transmit power budget can be allocated to a single RAT.

[0088] The inner loop 504 can determine the transmission power 514 for future time intervals based at least in part on the transmission power budget. As an example, based on the transmission power budget supplied by the outer loop 502 and the current duty cycle, the inner loop 504 can determine the transmission power (P) according to the following expression. TX ):

[0089] (1)

[0090] in This could be a maximum time-averaged transmit power limit, which corresponds to an RF exposure limit (e.g., SAR limit or PD limit). Power adjustment is provided by the external circulation (which can be positive or negative to increase or decrease P). limit );and This is the additional power obtained by utilizing a low duty cycle. In some cases, P limit You can select from a lookup table that has various transmit power limits corresponding to various transmission scenarios (e.g., any combination of RAT, carrier frequency, frequency band, antenna, antenna group, beam, etc.) and / or exposure scenarios (e.g., head exposure, body-worn exposure, limb (e.g., hand) exposure, hotspot exposure, etc.).

[0091] In some respects, in addition to or instead of the RF exposure control described herein, the inner loop 504 may determine the transmit power 514 based on other transmit power controls 512 (such as RF emission control, RF interference control, RF compliance control, data rate-specific power control, etc.). In some cases, the transmit power control 512 may provide an additional or alternative transmit power budget and / or limit the determined maximum transmit power, such as to control interference or RF emission. The transmit power control 512 may provide one or more maximum permissible transmit powers, and the inner loop 504 may select the minimum value from a plurality of transmit power levels, including the maximum permissible transmit power for RF compliance, for RF emission control, for RF interference control, etc. For example, the transmit power for this time interval may be determined according to the following expression that selects the minimum value from a plurality of maximum permissible values:

[0092] (2)

[0093] Where P TX1 To P TXN This can represent N maximum allowable transmit powers associated with various transmit power controls. As an example, P... TX1 To P TXN At least one of them includes the maximum permissible transmit power determined according to RF exposure control.

[0094] The inner loop 504 may provide the radio component 506 and the rate adaptation controller 516 with an indication of the transmit power 514 to be used for transmission in the time interval. The indication of transmit power 514 may include the maximum permissible transmit power available for the time interval (e.g., the final transmit power to be used), wherein the maximum permissible transmit power follows RF exposure limits based on the transmit power budget and / or transmit power control 512.

[0095] The rate adaptation controller 516 may receive an indication of the transmit power 514 and determine one or more transmission rate configurations based at least in part on the transmit power 514. The rate adaptation controller 516 may be implemented via a processor and / or memory (such as processor 210, modem 212, and memory 240). For example, the rate adaptation controller 516 may determine the transmission rate configuration in response to a change in the transmit power 514. The rate adaptation controller 516 may select a particular transmission rate configuration from among multiple configurations based on the transmit power 514 and / or parameters associated with (affected by) the transmit power 514. The rate adaptation controller 516 may be an example of the RA manager 106.

[0096] Variations in transmit power 514 can be caused by any of a variety of reasons. For example, a modem transitioning to a different state (e.g., a modem exiting or entering sleep mode) when the transmit power budget is redistributed among radio components can cause variations in transmit power. In some cases, a larger portion of the transmit power budget may be allocated to a particular radio component (e.g., a WWAN radio component), allowing a smaller portion of that transmit power budget to be allocated to a radio component with a rate-adapted capability. Such variations in the transmit power budget distribution can cause variations in transmit power. Variations in transmit power can also be caused by changes in transmit duty cycle, changes in the mobility state of the wireless device, and / or changes in channel conditions (e.g., transmit range, path loss, signal strength, signal quality, etc.).

[0097] FIG. 6 This is a graph 600 illustrating the transmission rate versus path loss level for example transmission rate regions 602a to 602d. As shown, graph 600 provides a first transmission rate curve 610 and a second transmission rate curve 612. The first transmission rate curve represents the transmission rate versus path loss level when a first RF exposure compliance technique (e.g., time-averaged RF exposure assessment) is applied, while the second transmission rate curve 612 represents the transmission rate versus path loss level when a second RF exposure compliance technique (e.g., using peak transmit power limiting without time averaging) is applied.

[0098] In this example, the transmission rate regions 602a to 602d may represent the relationship between the transmission rate and certain states associated with channel conditions. For example, a first transmission rate region 602a may correspond to a first range of signal strength (e.g., RSSI) and a first transmission rate (or a configuration thereof); a second transmission rate region 602b may correspond to a second range of signal strength and a second transmission rate; and so on for a third transmission rate region 602c and a fourth transmission rate region 602d. The transmission rate regions 602a to 602d and the corresponding transmission rates can be determined through testing, simulation, and / or calibration. For example, sample wireless devices may undergo testing or simulation to determine the transmission rate regions 602a to 602d associated with various transmission scenarios (e.g., frequency band, antenna, channel conditions, signal quality, signal strength, transmit power, etc.). As a result of testing and / or simulation, mass-produced wireless devices may be pre-programmed with transmission rate configurations mapped to various channel conditions (e.g., corresponding to transmission rate regions 602a to 602d), for example, as described herein. FIG. 7 Further description. In some cases, wireless devices can perform online calibration to determine and / or update the mapping between the delivery rate configuration and various channel conditions.

[0099] In some cases, the transmission rate regions 602a to 602d can be determined based on the rate sensitivity provided by the wireless communication standard (e.g., the IEEE 802.11 standard or any suitable wireless communication standard). In response to a shift in transmission rate sensitivity caused or predicted by the transmit power, the wireless device can select a transmission rate corresponding to that transmission rate sensitivity and that transmit power. As an example, if the transmit power drops below the MCS9 lower limit, the rate adaptation controller can select MCS8 for transmission. It should be understood that transmission rate regions 602a to 602d are example regions, and the wireless device can be configured with any number of transmission rate regions other than or in lieu of these regions. Transmission rate regions 602a to 602d may correspond to specific radio components, antennas, frequency channels (bands, carriers, bandwidths, etc.), RATs, and / or RAT generations. For example, wireless devices may have a transmission rate zone for each generation of RAT (such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be and / or any other future generation).

[0100] The rate adaptation controller 516 can select a transmission rate (or its configuration) in transmission rate regions 602a to 602d based at least in part on the transmit power 514 (e.g., as obtained from the inner loop 504). In some cases, the rate adaptation controller 516 can estimate the received signal strength at another wireless device (e.g., the second wireless device 104) as equivalent to the signal strength of a signal received from and measured at that other wireless device. In such cases, the rate adaptation controller 516 can select a transmission rate in transmission rate regions 602a to 602d in response to changes in transmit power.

[0101] For example, suppose the wireless device is transmitting at a transmission rate corresponding to the second transmission rate region 602b. In response to a decrease in transmission power, the rate adaptation controller 516 may select a lower transmission rate (e.g., the transmission rate corresponding to the third transmission rate region 602c) because the signal strength at the receiving entity may decrease and support lower throughput. In response to an increase in transmission power, the rate adaptation controller 516 may select a higher transmission rate (e.g., the transmission rate corresponding to the first transmission rate region 602a) because the signal strength at the receiving entity may increase and promote higher throughput.

[0102] In some cases, the rate adaptation controller 516 can estimate the received signal strength at the other wireless device based on the transmit power and path loss associated with the communication link between the wireless device and another wireless device (e.g., the second wireless device 104). In some aspects, the rate adaptation controller 516 can determine the received signal strength (P) according to the following expression. RX For example, RSSI:

[0103] (3)

[0104] in It may include any transmission power obtained from the transmission power of the inner loop 504, and This can be the path loss between the wireless device and the receiving entity. In some cases, the path loss can be determined assuming channel reciprocity between the wireless device and another wireless device. For example, the wireless device can determine the path loss as the difference between the transmit power used at the other wireless device and the received signal strength at that wireless device. The transmit power used at the other wireless device can be assumed to be a specific value or provided to the wireless device. In some cases, the wireless device can obtain an explicit indication of the path loss from the other wireless device.

[0105] In some respects, the rate adaptation controller 516 may select a transfer rate (or its configuration) at least in part based on transmit power in response to the satisfaction of one or more criteria. For example, if certain channel conditions satisfy a threshold 604 (e.g., if RSSI is greater than a threshold and / or if path loss is less than a threshold), the rate adaptation controller 516 may determine the transfer rate (or its configuration) based on channel conditions (e.g., SNR, RSSI, path loss, PER, etc.) without transmit power. As shown, in the first region 606, the rate adaptation controller 516 may determine the transfer rate without transmit power because channel conditions (e.g., low path loss, short transmit range, etc.) allow for variations in transmit power without affecting the transfer rate or with minimal impact. In the second region 608, the rate adaptation controller 516 may determine the transfer rate at least in part based on transmit power 514 obtained from the inner loop 504 as described herein. As an example, the threshold 604 may be a value of any suitable parameter associated with the channel conditions, such as, for example, SNR, SINR, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or PER. In some respects, the threshold 604 may be or include configurable values. Each of the first region 606 and the second region 608 may correspond to a specific state of channel conditions. For example, the first region 606 may correspond to the case where the channel conditions meet the threshold 604, and the second region 608 may correspond to the case where the channel conditions do not meet the threshold 604.

[0106] In the second region 608, the rate adaptation controller 516 may take into account the transmit power 514 obtained from the inner loop 504 when determining the transmission rate. The transmit power 514 allows the rate adaptation controller 516 to anticipate changes in channel conditions due to variations in transmit power. Transmit power-aware rate adaptation enables efficient transmission rate convergence on communication links between wireless devices. Transmit power-aware rate adaptation can improve wireless communication on communication links, for example, by increasing throughput, reducing latency, and / or reducing retransmissions.

[0107] FIG. 7Example Table 700 depicts mapping transmission rate configurations to various channel conditions, including transmit power ranges, RSSI ranges, and path loss ranges. In this example, a first transmission rate configuration (TR Config.#1) can be mapped to a first range of transmit power (e.g., P1-P2), a first range of RSSI (e.g., R1-R2), and / or a first range of path loss levels (e.g., L1-L2). A second transmission rate configuration (TR Config.#2) can be mapped to a second range of transmit power (e.g., P3-P4), a second range of RSSI (e.g., R3-R4), and / or a second range of path loss levels (e.g., L3-L4); and so on for a third and fourth transmission rate configuration. FIG. 6 The transmission rate ranges depicted in the table may correspond to the range of channel conditions depicted in Table 700, which may be pre-programmed in the wireless device to be derived from tests and / or simulations and / or determined or updated during online operation of the wireless device.

[0108] A transmission rate configuration may correspond to one or more parameters associated with the transmission rate, which may include, for example, the number of spatial streams in transmission, MCS, decoding rate, guard interval, and / or channel width. A wireless device may use this table to select a transmission rate configuration corresponding to the channel conditions encountered by the wireless device. For example, assuming that the transmit power indication RSSI obtained at the rate adaptation controller 516 at the receiving entity (e.g., the second wireless device 104) is within the RSS range of R5 to R6, the rate adaptation controller 516 may select a third transmission rate configuration for transmission. The depicted transmission rate configurations and corresponding channel conditions are examples, and a wireless device may be configured with any number of transmission rate configurations and / or corresponding channel conditions.

[0109] Although this article describes mapping the transmission rate (or its configuration) to transmit power, RSSI, and / or path loss levels. FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 The examples depicted are for the purpose of facilitating understanding, but aspects of this disclosure can also be applied to determine the transmission rate (or its configuration) based on any other suitable parameters, such as parameters indicating channel conditions, including data error rate or ratio, SNR, SINR, etc.

[0110] Some or all of the parameters and / or values ​​depicted in Table 700 may be configured in the wireless device (e.g., in memory 240) or stored on the wireless device. In some cases, transmit power can be used to determine RSSI based on path loss, for example, according to expression (3). Thus, the wireless device can use a predicted RSSI (determined based on transmit power and path loss) that is mapped to the transmission rate configuration using the mapping between RSSI and transmission rate configuration in Table 700. The transmit power range may not be stored in the corresponding table on the wireless device. In some cases, certain transmit powers and / or RSSIs may be associated with a specific range of path loss (corresponding to a specific transmission rate region 602). Thus, transmit power and / or RSSIs may be mapped to the transmission rate configuration in the table stored on the wireless device, and the range of path loss may not be stored on the wireless device after the correlation between transmit power and path loss has been determined. In various examples, other values ​​may also be omitted from or added to Table 700.

[0111] FIG. 8 This is a flowchart illustrating an example operation 800 for wireless communication. Operation 800 may be performed, for example, by a wireless device (e.g., the first wireless device 102 in wireless communication system 100). Operation 800 may be implemented in one or more processors (e.g., FIG. 2 Software components executed and running on the processor 210 and / or modem 212. Furthermore, the transmission and / or reception of signals by the wireless device in operation 800 may be, for example, by one or more antennas (e.g., FIG. 2 This can be achieved via antenna 218. In some respects, the transmission and / or reception of signals by the wireless device can be achieved by obtaining and / or outputting signals for reception or transmission via the bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., processor 210 and / or modem 212).

[0112] Operation 800 may optionally begin at block 802, where the wireless device determines the transmit power (e.g., transmit power 514) associated with the first signal. The wireless device may determine this transmit power via RF exposure assessment and / or any other suitable transmit power control, e.g., as described herein. FIG. 5 As described herein. As an example, the wireless device may periodically determine the transmission power associated with transmissions within a time interval (e.g., time interval 306), as described herein. FIG. 5 As described.

[0113] At block 804, the wireless device may determine a first information transfer rate (or its configuration) associated with the first signal based at least in part on a determined transmit power. For example, the wireless device may perform transmit power-aware rate adaptation as described herein. The wireless device may determine the first information transfer rate using a table (e.g., Table 700) that maps the transfer rate configuration to various channel conditions, including transmit power or conditions derived therefrom. For example, the wireless device may select a transfer rate corresponding to channel conditions encountered at the wireless device, wherein the channel conditions may be determined at least in part based on the transmit power. The information transfer rate may refer to the information transfer rate (e.g., data rate or throughput) between the wireless device and another wireless device (e.g., second wireless device 104).

[0114] In some respects, the transmit power can facilitate the wireless device in predicting the values ​​of certain parameters (such as received signal strength and / or signal quality at the receiving entity (e.g., the second wireless device 104)) related to channel conditions associated with future transmissions, and the wireless device can adjust the transmission rate (or its configuration) for future transmissions in response to detecting changes in the predicted values. For example, the wireless device can predict the received signal strength (whether it will increase or decrease) based on a model of the channel conditions and the transmit power, for example, according to expression (3), and the wireless device can select the transmission rate for future transmissions based on the predicted received signal strength. The transmit power-aware rate adaptation described herein allows the wireless device to anticipate changes in the communication link that may affect the transmission rate based on the transmit power, and therefore, the wireless device can notify the rate adaptation controller of the transmit power to improve the transmission rate selection and provide information that can predict the performance of the communication link for future transmissions. Therefore, in addition to a reactive approach that depends on past link performance (e.g., using metrics associated with past link performance, such as RSSI, path loss, data error rate, data error ratio, etc.) or instead of that reactive approach, the transmit power-aware rate adaptation described herein allows the wireless device to perform rate adaptation in a forward-looking manner (e.g., using transmit power intended for future transmissions).

[0115] At block 806, the wireless device can transmit the first signal at the transmission power, at least in part, based on the first information transmission rate. For example, the wireless device can transmit the signal to a second wireless communication device (e.g., FIG. 1 The first signal is transmitted by any of the second wireless devices (104) depicted in the diagram. The first signal may indicate (or carry) any information of various kinds, such as data or control information. In some cases, the first signal may indicate (or carry) one or more packets or data blocks. In some cases, the wireless device may transmit the first signal via a WLAN RAT or any other RAT that performs rate adaptation.

[0116] In some respects, to determine this transmit power, the wireless device may perform an RF exposure assessment, for example, as described herein. FIG. 5 As described herein. To determine the transmit power, the wireless device may determine the transmit power at least in part based on RF exposure limits, for example, as described herein. FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 As described. In some cases, RF exposure limitation may include a time-averaged RF exposure limitation. To determine this transmit power, the wireless device may determine the time-averaged transmit power of one or more transmissions over a time window (e.g., time window 302). The one or more transmissions may include at least a portion of the first signal transmitted at this transmit power. The wireless device may determine that the time-averaged transmit power is less than or equal to the maximum time-averaged transmit power corresponding to the RF exposure limitation (e.g., P). limit ).

[0117] To determine the first information transmission rate, the wireless device may determine the first information transmission rate in response to detecting a change in the maximum allowed transmission power. In some cases, the wireless device may determine the transmission power at block 802 based on the maximum allowed transmission power, for example, as described herein. FIG. 5 As described. For example, the wireless device may determine that the transmit power at block 802 is less than or equal to the maximum allowed transmit power associated with a time interval. The maximum allowed transmit power may correspond to the transmit power associated with a transmit power budget or the transmit power 514 provided to the rate adaptation controller 516. For example, a change in the maximum allowed transmit power may occur due to the modem transitioning from inactivity in sleep mode to activity (or vice versa).

[0118] In some respects, to determine the first information transmission rate, the wireless device may determine the first information transmission rate in response to detecting a change in the state associated with a particular component, such as the wireless device's radio component (e.g., radio component 250) and / or modem (e.g., modem 212)). For example, a particular modem may wake up from sleep mode or transition to sleep mode, and such events may trigger a change in the transmit power budget allocated to the radio component associated with the modem.

[0119] In some respects, the transmission rate may correspond to one or more parameters that facilitate the transmission rate. To determine the first information transmission rate, the wireless device may determine one or more parameters associated with the first information transmission rate. To transmit the first signal, the wireless device may transmit the first signal based on the one or more parameters associated with the first information transmission rate. In some cases, the parameter associated with the first information transmission rate may include the number of spatial streams, MCS, decoding rate, guard interval, channel width, or a combination thereof. The number of spatial streams may represent the number of individual data streams that can be transmitted simultaneously. MCS may include, for example, binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), and / or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) levels. The decoding rate may represent the proportion of non-redundant data streams. The guard interval may be the time interval during which the wireless device avoids transmission to mitigate interference. The channel width may be the bandwidth of the channel in a frequency band, for example, as provided in the IEEE 802.11 standard.

[0120] In some aspects, the wireless device may determine the information transmission rate via a table (e.g., Table 700) and / or any other suitable data structure. To determine the first information transmission rate, the wireless device may determine it based on a table (e.g., Table 700) that maps multiple transmission rates (or their configurations) to transmit power or maps the multiple transmission rates to values ​​of parameters associated with the transmit power. The wireless device may map the transmit power to a range (e.g., such as...) of the transmit power. FIG. 7 The range depicted (P1-P2) or the range mapped to that value of the parameter (e.g., such as...). FIG. 7 The first information transmission rate is selected from the plurality of transmission rates within the depicted range (R1-R2). The parameter may include path loss associated with the first signal, signal strength associated with the first signal (e.g., RSSI), signal quality associated with the first signal (e.g., SNR), or a combination thereof.

[0121] The wireless device may determine the (predicted) value (e.g., R1) of the parameter at least in part based on the transmit power (e.g., P1). As an example, the wireless device may determine the predicted value of the received signal strength based on the transmit power and the known or estimated path loss between the wireless device and another wireless device (e.g., the second wireless device 104), for example, according to expression (3). The wireless device may identify the value as being in a range (e.g., R1-R2) of the value. The wireless device may identify the first information transmission rate as corresponding to the corresponding range, for example, the first transmission rate configuration corresponds to the range R1-R2. As an example, the wireless device may determine the received signal strength based on the transmit power determined at block 802 and the path loss associated with the communication link between the wireless device and another wireless device (e.g., the second wireless device 104), for example, as described herein with respect to expression (3). The wireless device may determine the first information transmission rate mapped to a range of signal strengths, which includes the received signal strengths as determined using the transmit power.

[0122] In some cases, the wireless device may determine the first information transmission rate, at least in part, based on the determined transmission power, in response to determining that one or more first criteria are met, for example, as described herein. FIG. 6 As described. The one or more criteria may include any of a variety of criteria associated with channel conditions, such as a first criterion associated with signal quality, a second criterion associated with path loss, a third criterion associated with data error rate (e.g., packet or frame error rate), a fourth criterion associated with data error ratio (e.g., packet or frame error ratio), or any combination thereof. In some cases, the one or more criteria may be satisfied when the signal quality (and / or signal strength) associated with one or more transmissions is less than or equal to a threshold (e.g., threshold 604). For some aspects, the threshold may be configurable. In some cases, the one or more criteria may be satisfied when the path loss associated with one or more transmissions is greater than or equal to the threshold.

[0123] In some respects, the wireless device can determine the transmission rate in response to satisfying one or more second criteria without receiving transmission power from the inner loop, for example, as described herein. FIG. 6 As described herein. The wireless device may determine a second information transmission rate associated with a second signal in response to determining that one or more criteria are satisfied, and the wireless device may transmit the second signal at least in part based on the second information transmission rate. In some cases, the wireless device may determine the second information transmission rate without any transmit power information (e.g., without transmit power obtained from the inner loop), as described herein. FIG. 5As described. The wireless device may determine the second information transmission rate based at least in part on one or more parameters, including signal quality, signal strength, path loss, data error rate, data error ratio, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the one or more criteria may be satisfied when the signal quality (and / or signal strength) associated with one or more transmissions is greater than a threshold (e.g., threshold 604). In some cases, the one or more criteria may be satisfied when the path loss associated with one or more transmissions is less than a threshold.

[0124] The aspects of this disclosure can be applied to any wireless communication device (wireless device) of various types that can perform rate adaptation, such as base stations, access points and / or CPEs that perform the rate adaptation described herein.

[0125] Example communication device

[0126] FIG. 9 Various aspects of the example communication device 900 are described. In some aspects, the communication device 900 is a wireless communication device, as described above. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 The first wireless device 102 is described.

[0127] The communication device 900 includes a processing system 902 coupled to a transceiver 908 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver). The transceiver 908 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communication device 900 via an antenna 910, such as the various signals described herein. The processing system 902 may be configured to perform processing functions of the communication device 900, including processing signals received by the communication device 900 and / or to be transmitted by the communication device.

[0128] Processing system 902 includes one or more processors 920. In various aspects, the one or more processors 920 may be represented as... FIG. 2 Either the described processor 210 and / or modem 212. One or more processors 920 are coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 930 via a bus 906. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 930 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by one or more processors 920, cause one or more processors 920 to perform actions regarding... FIG. 8 The operation 800 described herein, or any aspect relating to the operation described herein. It should be noted that references to a processor performing a function of the communication device 900 may include one or more processors performing that function of the communication device 900. References to one or more processors performing multiple functions may include any one of the one or more processors performing any one of the multiple functions.

[0129] In the depicted example, computer-readable medium / memory 930 stores code 931 for determination (e.g., executable instructions), code 932 for transmission, code 933 for selection, code 934 for identification, or any combination thereof. Processing of codes 931 to 934 enables communication device 900 to perform actions related to... FIG. 8 The operation described herein or any aspect thereof.

[0130] One or more processors 920 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in a computer-readable medium / memory 930, including circuitry 921 for determination, circuitry 922 for transmission, circuitry 923 for selection, circuitry 924 for identification, or any combination thereof. Processing using circuitry 921 to 924 enables communication device 900 to perform actions related to… FIG. 8 The operation described herein or any aspect thereof.

[0131] The various components of the communication device 900 can provide for performing tasks related to... FIG. 8 The components described in the operation 800 or any aspect related to the operation described herein. For example, components for sending, transmitting, or outputting for the purpose of sending may include... FIG. 2 The illustrated first wireless device 102 includes TX path 214 and / or antenna 218 and / or FIG. 9 The communication device 900 includes a transceiver 908 and an antenna 910. Components for receiving or acquiring data may include... FIG. 2 The RX path 216 and / or antenna 218 of the illustrated first wireless device FIG. 9 The communication device 900 includes a transceiver 908 and an antenna 910. The components used for determining, selecting, and / or identifying may include one or more processors, such as... FIG. 2 The processor 210 and / or modem 212 and / or described in the text FIG. 9 The processor is 920.

[0132] Example aspects

[0133] Specific implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0134] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication by a wireless device, the method comprising: determining a transmission power associated with a first signal; determining a first information transmission rate associated with the first signal based at least in part on the determined transmission power; and transmitting the first signal at the transmission power based at least in part on the first information transmission rate.

[0135] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, determining the transmission power includes determining the transmission power based at least in part on radio frequency (RF) exposure limits.

[0136] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, the RF exposure limitation includes a time-averaged RF exposure limitation.

[0137] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 2 or 3, wherein determining the transmit power includes: determining the time-averaged transmit power of one or more transmissions over a time window, wherein the one or more transmissions include at least a portion of the first signal transmitted at the transmit power; and determining that the time-averaged transmit power is less than or equal to the maximum time-averaged transmit power corresponding to the RF exposure limit.

[0138] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein determining the first information transmission rate comprises: determining the first information transmission rate in response to detecting a change in the maximum permissible transmission power.

[0139] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein determining the first information transmission rate comprises: determining the first information transmission rate in response to detecting a change in the state associated with a radio component.

[0140] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein: determining the first information transmission rate includes determining one or more parameters associated with the first information transmission rate; and transmitting the first signal includes transmitting the first signal based on the one or more parameters associated with the first information transmission rate.

[0141] Aspect 8: According to the method of aspect 7, wherein the one or more parameters associated with the first information transmission rate include modulation and decoding scheme (MCS), decoding rate, guard interval, channel width, or a combination thereof.

[0142] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein determining the first information transmission rate comprises: determining the first information transmission rate based on a table that maps a plurality of transmission rates to transmission power or maps the plurality of transmission rates to values ​​of parameters associated with the transmission power.

[0143] Aspect 10: According to the method of aspect 9, determining the first information transmission rate includes: selecting the first information transmission rate from among a plurality of transmission rates mapped to a range of transmission power including the transmission power or a range of values ​​mapped to the parameter.

[0144] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 10, wherein the parameters include path loss associated with the first signal, signal quality associated with the first signal, or a combination thereof.

[0145] Aspect 12: The method according to aspect 10 or 11, wherein determining the first information transmission rate further comprises: determining a predicted value of the parameter based at least in part on the transmission power; identifying the value as being in a range of the value; and identifying the first information transmission rate corresponding to the corresponding range.

[0146] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 12, wherein determining the first information transmission rate comprises: determining the first information transmission rate at least in part based on the determined transmission power in response to determining that one or more criteria are satisfied.

[0147] Aspect 14: According to the method of aspect 13, the one or more criteria include: a first criterion associated with signal quality, a second criterion associated with path loss, a third criterion associated with data error rate, a fourth criterion associated with data error ratio, or any combination thereof.

[0148] Aspect 15: The method according to aspect 13 or 14, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when the signal quality associated with one or more transmissions is less than or equal to a threshold.

[0149] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 15, wherein the threshold is configurable.

[0150] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 13 to 16, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when the path loss associated with one or more transmissions is greater than or equal to a threshold.

[0151] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 17, the method further comprising: determining a second information transmission rate associated with the second signal in response to determining that one or more criteria are satisfied; and transmitting the second signal at least in part based on the second information transmission rate.

[0152] Aspect 19: According to the method of aspect 18, determining the second information transmission rate includes: determining the second information transmission rate at least in part based on one or more parameters, said one or more parameters including signal quality, path loss, data error rate, data error ratio, or any combination thereof.

[0153] Aspect 20: The method according to aspect 18 or 19, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when the signal quality associated with one or more transmissions is greater than a threshold.

[0154] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of aspects 18 to 20, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when the path loss associated with one or more transmissions is less than a threshold.

[0155] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 21, wherein transmitting the first signal comprises: transmitting the first signal via a wireless local area network (WLAN) radio access technology.

[0156] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to: determine a transmission power associated with a first signal; determine a first information transmission rate associated with the first signal based at least in part on the determined transmission power; and control the transmission of the first signal at the transmission power based at least in part on the first information transmission rate.

[0157] Aspect 24: The apparatus according to aspect 23, the apparatus further comprising one or more transmitters coupled to the one or more processors, the one or more transmitters being configured to transmit the first signal at the transmit power, wherein, in order to determine the transmit power, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the transmit power at least in part based on radio frequency (RF) exposure limits.

[0158] Aspect 25: The apparatus according to aspect 23 or 24, wherein, in order to determine the first information transmission rate, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the first information transmission rate in response to detecting a change in the maximum permissible transmission power.

[0159] Aspect 26: The apparatus according to any one of aspects 23 to 25, wherein, in order to determine the first information transmission rate, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the first information transmission rate in response to detecting a change in the state associated with a radio component.

[0160] Aspect 27: The apparatus according to any one of Aspects 23 to 26, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: determine one or more parameters associated with the first information transmission rate, and control the transmission of the first signal based on the one or more parameters associated with the first information transmission rate.

[0161] Aspect 28: The apparatus according to any one of Aspects 23 to 27, wherein, in order to determine the first information transmission rate, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the first information transmission rate based on a table that maps a plurality of transmission rates to a transmission power or maps the plurality of transmission rates to values ​​of a parameter associated with the transmission power.

[0162] Aspect 29: The apparatus according to any one of aspects 23 to 28, wherein, in order to determine the first information transmission rate, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the first information transmission rate at least in part based on the determined transmission power in response to determining that one or more criteria are satisfied.

[0163] Aspect 30: The apparatus according to any one of aspects 23 to 29, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: determine a second information transmission rate associated with the second signal in response to determining that one or more criteria are satisfied, and control the transmission of the second signal at least in part based on the second information transmission rate.

[0164] Aspect 31: An apparatus comprising: a memory including computer-executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 22.

[0165] Aspect 32: An apparatus comprising components for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 22.

[0166] Aspect 33: A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a processing system, cause the processing system to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 22.

[0167] Aspect 34: A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program product comprising code for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 22.

[0168] ADDITIONAL MATTERS TO BE NOTED

[0169] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. The examples discussed herein do not limit the scope, applicability, or aspects set forth in the claims. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. For example, the function and arrangement of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as appropriate in various examples. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various actions may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Additionally, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods practiced using other structures, functionalities, or structures and functionalities that complement or replace the various aspects of this disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure herein may be embodied by one or more elements of these claims.

[0170] The various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in this disclosure can be implemented or executed using microcontrollers, microprocessors, general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), neural network processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices (PLDs), discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. While a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, in alternatives, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors working in conjunction with a DSP core, a system-on-a-chip (SoC), or any other such configuration.

[0171] As used in this article, the phrase “at least one of the items” refers to any combination of these items, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiple identical elements (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbb, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0172] As used herein, the term "determine" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determine" can include calculation, operation, processing, deduction, investigation, lookup (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), assertion, and so on. Furthermore, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and so on. Additionally, "determine" can include parsing, selection, identification, mapping, application, selection, creation, and so on.

[0173] The methods disclosed herein include one or more actions for implementing the methods. These actions may be interchanged without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of actions is specified, the order and / or use of a particular action may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. Furthermore, the various operations of the methods described above may be performed by any suitable component capable of performing the corresponding function. This component may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or processors.

[0174] The following claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Within the claims, unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to the singular form of an element is not intended to mean “one and only one,” but rather “one or more.” The use of a definite article (e.g., “the” or “the”) before an element is not intended to impart a singular meaning (e.g., “one and only one”) to the original plural meaning (e.g., “one or more”) associated with that element, unless specifically stated otherwise. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the term “some” refers to one or more. No element of any claim is to be interpreted in accordance with 35 USC § 112(f) unless the element is explicitly stated using the phrase “part for…”. All structural and functional equivalents of elements throughout the various aspects described in this disclosure that are known to a person skilled in the art or will later be known are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims.

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication by a wireless device, the method comprising: determining a transmit power associated with a first signal; determining a first information transfer rate associated with the first signal based at least in part on the determined transmit power; and transmitting the first signal at the transmit power based at least in part on the first information transfer rate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the transmit power comprises determining the transmit power based at least in part on a radio frequency (RF) exposure limit.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the RF exposure limit comprises a time-averaged RF exposure limit.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the transmit power comprises: determining a time-averaged transmit power of one or more transmissions over a time window, wherein the one or more transmissions include at least a portion of the first signal transmitted at the transmit power; and determining that the time-averaged transmit power is less than or equal to a maximum time-averaged transmit power corresponding to the RF exposure limit. determining the first information transfer rate in response to detecting a change in a maximum allowed transmit power.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first information transfer rate comprises: determining the first information transfer rate in response to detecting a change in a state associated with a radio.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first information transfer rate comprises:

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: determining the first information transfer rate comprises determining one or more parameters associated with the first information transfer rate; and transmitting the first signal comprises transmitting the first signal based on the one or more parameters associated with the first information transfer rate.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the one or more parameters associated with the first information transfer rate comprise a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), a coding rate, a guard interval, a channel width, or a combination thereof. determining the first information transfer rate based on a table that maps a plurality of transfer rates to transmit powers or maps the plurality of transfer rates to values of a parameter associated with the transmit powers.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first information transfer rate comprises: selecting the first information transfer rate among the plurality of transfer rates that map to a range of the transmit powers including the transmit power or map to a range of the values of the parameter.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein determining the first information transfer rate comprises:

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the parameter comprises a path loss associated with the first signal, a signal quality associated with the first signal, or a combination thereof.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the first information transfer rate further comprises: determining a predicted value of the parameter based at least in part on the transmit power; identifying that the predicted value is in one of the ranges of the values; and identifying the first information transfer rate corresponding to the respective range. determining the first information transfer rate based at least in part on the determined transmit power in response to determining that one or more criteria are satisfied.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first information transfer rate comprises:

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the one or more criteria comprise: a first criterion associated with a signal quality, a second criterion associated with a path loss, ​ a third criterion associated with a data error rate, a fourth criterion associated with a data error ratio, or any combination thereof.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when a signal quality associated with one or more transmissions is less than or equal to a threshold value.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the threshold value is configurable.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when a path loss associated with one or more transmissions is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

18. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising: determining a second information transfer rate associated with a second signal in response to determining that one or more criteria are satisfied; and transmitting the second signal based at least in part on the second information transfer rate.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein determining the second information transfer rate comprises: determining the second information transfer rate based at least in part on one or more parameters, the one or more parameters comprising a signal quality, a path loss, a data error rate, a data error ratio, or any combination thereof.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when a signal quality associated with one or more transmissions is greater than a threshold value.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when a path loss associated with one or more transmissions is less than a threshold value.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the first signal comprises: transmitting the first signal via a wireless local area network (WLAN) radio access technology.

23. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to: determine a transmit power associated with a first signal, determine a first information transfer rate associated with the first signal based at least in part on the determined transmit power, and control transmission of the first signal at the transmit power based at least in part on the first information transfer rate.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, the apparatus further comprising one or more transmitters coupled to the one or more processors, the one or more transmitters configured to transmit the first signal at the transmit power, wherein to determine the transmit power, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the transmit power based at least in part on a radio frequency (RF) exposure limit.

25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein to determine the first information transfer rate, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the first information transfer rate in response to detecting a change in a maximum allowed transmit power.

26. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein to determine the first information transfer rate, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the first information transfer rate in response to detecting a change in a state associated with a radio.

27. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: determining one or more parameters associated with the first information transfer rate, and controlling transmission of the first signal based on the one or more parameters associated with the first information transfer rate.

28. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein to determine the first information transfer rate, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the first information transfer rate based on a table that maps a plurality of transfer rates to a transmit power or maps the plurality of transfer rates to values of a parameter associated with the transmit power.

29. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein to determine the first information transfer rate, the one or more processors are further configured to determine the first information transfer rate based at least in part on a determined transmit power in response to determining that one or more criteria are satisfied.

30. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: determine a second information transfer rate associated with a second signal in response to determining that one or more criteria are satisfied, and control transmission of the second signal based at least in part on the second information transfer rate.

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