Carbon dioxide trap (sodium hypochlorite-illumination method)

Abstract

Carbon dioxide is absorbed through a sodium hypochlorite solution, the obtained solution is subjected to light treatment, a pure sodium chloride solution and mixed gas of high-purity carbon dioxide and oxygen are obtained, and enrichment of carbon dioxide is achieved. The method comprises the following steps: introducing a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and oxygen into a high-concentration sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a precipitate of sodium bicarbonate crystals, and separating out pure oxygen; the above products (sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, oxygen) can be sold while saving funds for purchasing carbon emission permissions. The carbon emission can be reduced, so that the greenhouse effect is relieved, and the environment is protected.

Description

[0001] B. Technical effects: 1. Capture CO2-containing waste, avoid emission into the air, reduce carbon emissions, and promote the realization of carbon neutralization targets.

[0002] 2. Realize the enrichment and recycling of CO2.

[0003] 3. The products CO2, O2, NaCl, etc. can be utilized and sold, generating economic benefits.

[0004] 4. Save money for purchasing carbon emission rights.

[0005] C. Technical solutions: Product composition: a. Cylindrical white opaque plastic reaction chamber (divided into A and B chambers, two cylindrical reaction chambers above and below, separated by white opaque plastic) (B chamber bottom is colorless transparent plastic material) b. Gas inlet pipeline c. Exhaust pipeline d. Enrichment pipeline e. Liquid guide pipe (cylindrical, integrated with the reaction chamber, white opaque plastic material) f. Gas inlet guide pipe (cylindrical, integrated with the reaction chamber, white opaque plastic material) g. Liquid outlet valve (circular, white opaque plastic material) h. Liquid injection valve (circular, white opaque plastic material) i. A chamber-B chamber valve (circular, white opaque plastic material) j. NaClO solution k. Enrichment pipeline valves K1, k2, gas inlet pipeline valves K3, k4 l. LED bulb (low power, multiple, installed on the outside of the bottom of B chamber) m. Remove the upper bottom of the cylindrical shell type lampshade (white opaque plastic material, installed on the outside of the lower bottom of B chamber, and the lower bottom of B chamber forms a complete cylindrical shell, covering the LED bulb) n. n1. “L” type liquid guide pipe (installed outside the liquid injection valve h) n2. Liquid guide pipe (installed outside the liquid outlet valve g) 2. Structure diagram: see “attached drawings” Figure 1 3. Operation steps: a. Open k3, CO2-containing waste gas is introduced into A chamber from the gas inlet pipeline, NaClO solution is introduced through the gas inlet guide pipe, and “dark reaction” occurs.

[0006] b. The treated waste gas is discharged through the exhaust pipeline.

[0007] c. When the reaction of NaClO solution in A chamber is completed, open k4 and close k3.

[0008] d. Open k1 and balance the gas pressure.

[0009] e. Open the valve between A chamber and B chamber, and let the solution flow into B chamber. When the solution is completely drained, close the valve.

[0010] f. Open the injection valve and inject NaClO solution into A chamber. Close the injection valve.

[0011] g. Open k3 and close k4.

[0012] h. Turn on the LED light and perform the "light reaction". Discharge the impure gas.

[0013] i. After a period of time, open k2 and close k1. Collect the high-purity CO2 and O2 mixed gas.

[0014] j. When the gas collection is complete, close k2 and turn off the LED light. Open the drain valve and collect the waste liquid.

[0015] k. Repeat the above steps.

[0016] 4. Device parameters: a. Height of A and B chambers H b. Height of liquid surface in A and B chambers h (h < H) c. Height of the lampshade h1 d. Area of the bottom of the reaction chamber S1 e. Cross-sectional area of the gas inlet tube and liquid guide tube S2 f. Cross-sectional area of the injection valve and drain valve S3 g. Length of the gas inlet tube L1 (must be such that the waste gas bubbles rise to the liquid surface without containing CO2) h. Length of the liquid guide tube L2 i. Distance between the lower end of the enrichment pipe and the bottom of B chamber d (h < d < H) j. Total gas pressure of each part of the device p, and CO2 partial pressure at the inlet of the gas inlet pipe p0 k. Reaction temperature T (near room temperature, should be controlled below 40 degrees Celsius. High temperature can cause problems such as volatilization and decomposition of HClO generated in "dark reaction", increased proportion of HClO3 generated by HClO decomposition, and easy explosion) l. Waste gas flow rate v at the inlet of the gas inlet pipe (unit: L / s) m. Concentration c of injected NaClO solution (concentration should be moderate: too high concentration may cause HClO generated in "dark reaction" to volatilize and decompose too quickly; too low concentration may make it difficult to completely remove CO2 from the waste gas) n. LED bulb current I, voltage U, power P, density p (unit: cm^-2) (try to take the larger value within the appropriate range, so that the whole solution system in the B chamber is uniformly illuminated, otherwise it will cause the local pH value to be too low and produce chlorine gas) o. "Dark reaction" time t (approximately meet: p0*v*t / RT=c*S1*h, and approximately equal to the "light reaction" time, to improve the efficiency of the device operation) 5. Reaction principle: A chamber reaction (dark, room temperature) CO2+H2O+NaClO=NaHCO3+HClO B chamber reaction (light, room temperature) Main reaction: 2HClO=2HCl+O2 NaHCO3+HCl=NaCl+H2O+CO2 (The selectivity of this reaction is close to 100% at room temperature) Side reaction: 3HClO=HClO3+2HCl HClO3+NaHCO3=NaClO3+H2O+CO2 (This side reaction will mix a small amount of NaClO3 impurities in the waste liquid, but the selectivity is much less than 1% at room temperature, which can be ignored, and does not affect the purity and ratio of the generated mixed gas) 6. Process flow chart: see "attached drawings" Figure 2 7. Experimental example: a. Explore the relationship between HClO decomposition rate (decomposition time) and LED bulb power P, density p: A. Experimental steps: under room temperature and no light conditions, 500mL 0.1mol / L HClO solution is placed in a beaker with density p=0.002cm^-2, 0.005cm^-2, 0.01cm^-2, 0.02cm^-2, 0.05cm^-2, 0.1cm^-2, 0.2cm^-2, and a single power P=w LED bulb is inserted into the pH meter, and the timing starts. When the pH meter reading approaches 1.00, stop timing and record the reaction time t.

[0017] B. Choose the group with the shortest reaction time, change the LED bulb power P, and repeat the above experiment.

[0018] b. Explore the relationship between the selectivity of the main reaction of "light reaction" and LED bulb power P, density p: A. Experimental procedure: under normal temperature and no light, 500 mL of 0.1 mol / L HCIO solution was placed in a beaker with a density of p = 0.002 cm-2, 0.005 cm-2, 0.01 cm-2, 0.02 cm-2, 0.05 cm-2, 0.1 cm-2, 0.2 cm-2, and a single power P = w LED bulb, after a long enough reaction time, 10.0 g of NaI solid was added, stirred and dissolved, and the precipitate mass was weighed (the precipitate mass is inversely related to the selectivity of the main reaction).

[0019] B. Select a group of reactions with appropriate selectivity, change the power P of the LED bulb, and repeat the above experiment.

[0020] The wavelength of the LED light can be appropriately changed (100 nm-1000 nm and normal white light), and a group with high HCIO decomposition rate and appropriate main reaction selectivity is selected as the optimal light source.

[0021] Conclusion: When the LED lamp density p = a cm-2 and the single power P = b w, the average reaction rate is maximum in the appropriate range, and the "light reaction" selectivity is most appropriate.

[0022] 8. Comparative example: The existing CO2 removal device uses NaOH solution to absorb CO2 in waste gas. In contrast, the advantages of the device are as follows: Compared with the existing technology that can only obtain NaHCO3 as a product, the present technology can obtain NaCl, NaClO3, O2, and CO2 as four products, which can bring greater economic benefits.

[0023] In addition to selling, the other uses of these four products are more extensive, such as: A. Mix the generated CO2 and O2 mixture gas with air at a ratio of 1:12.3 and sell it as a gas for CO2 cell incubators.

[0024] B. Pass the generated CO2 and O2 mixture gas into a high-concentration soda or caustic solution to produce NaHCO3 crystals and purify O2.

[0025] C. Concentrate the waste liquid from the reaction in room B, evaporate and crystallize, filter to obtain NaCl crystals, and obtain a saturated NaCl and low-concentration NaClO3 mixed solution, which can be sold or used as an oxidizing agent in other production.

[0026] 9. Preparation before treatment with the device If CO, CH4, or other carbon-containing gases with oxidation number less than +4 are mixed in the waste, the following three treatment methods can be used: A. Waste gas is ignited (use the heat generated by combustion to generate electricity with steam boiler method, which can be used as the source of electricity for LED lights) B. Waste gas is used to generate electricity through fuel cells, which can be used as the source of electricity for LED lights (solid-state composite catalyst material as positive and negative electrode plates. Waste gas is introduced into the negative electrode chamber and after reaction it can be introduced into the device through the air inlet pipeline; air is introduced into the positive electrode chamber and after reaction it is discharged) C. A catalytic oxidation pipe is connected before the device to mix waste gas with air, and after the oxidation of carbon-containing gas is completed, it can be introduced into the device.

[0027] If the waste gas contains H2S, SOx and other sulfur-containing gases, it should be desulfurized first using existing technology (this preparation work should be done before a) D. Alternative: heat-driven reaction device: similar to the above device diagram ( Figure 1 ), a light-tight plastic partition is installed longitudinally in the center of chamber B, dividing B into two semicylinders, B1 and B2. B1 chamber undergoes the above-mentioned "light reaction" (obtaining sodium chloride solution, high-purity carbon dioxide and oxygen mixture gas); B2 chamber undergoes heat-driven reaction (obtaining sodium chlorate and sodium chloride mixture solution).

[0028] Note: a. Liquid guide pipe e and liquid discharge valve g should be installed at the junction of B1 and B2 chambers, and enrichment pipeline d should be installed only on the wall of B1 chamber.

[0029] Liquid guide pipe e and liquid guide pipe n2 should be installed with a light-tight plastic partition longitudinally in the center (dividing the cylindrical pipe into two semicylinders) to separate the liquid flowing into and out of B1 and B2 chambers.

[0030] Reaction principle: 3HClO = HClO3 + 2HCl (reaction condition: heating) NaHCO3 + HCl = NaCl + H2O + CO2 NaHCO3 + HClO3 = NaClO3 + H2O + CO2

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide trap, characterized in that it comprises: a. A cylindrical white opaque plastic reaction chamber (A and B chambers are two cylindrical reaction chambers arranged one above the other, separated by a white opaque plastic) (the bottom of B chamber is made of colorless transparent plastic) b. An air inlet pipe c. An exhaust pipe d. An enrichment pipe e. A liquid guide pipe (cylindrical, integrated with the reaction chamber, white opaque plastic) f. An air inlet guide pipe (cylindrical, integrated with the reaction chamber, white opaque plastic) g. A liquid outlet valve (circular, white opaque plastic) h. A liquid injection valve (circular, white opaque plastic) i. A valve between A and B chambers (circular, white opaque plastic) j. NaClO solution k. Enrichment pipe valves K1, k2, air inlet pipe valves K3, k4 l. LED bulbs (low power, multiple, installed on the outside of the bottom of B chamber) m. A cylindrical shell type lampshade without upper bottom (white opaque plastic, installed on the outside of the lower bottom of B chamber, together with the lower bottom of B chamber forming a complete cylindrical shell, covering the LED bulbs) n. n1. "L" type liquid guide pipe (installed outside the liquid injection valve h) n2. Liquid guide pipe (installed outside the liquid outlet valve g).

2. A process for capturing carbon dioxide using the carbon dioxide capturer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Including the following steps: a. Open k3, CO2-containing exhaust gas is introduced into A chamber from the air inlet pipe, NaClO solution is introduced through the air inlet guide pipe, and "dark reaction" occurs. b. The treated exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe. c. When the NaClO solution reaction in A chamber is completely reacted, open k4 and close k3. d. Open k1, balance the gas pressure. e. Open the valve between A and B chambers, and the solution flows to B chamber. After the solution is exhausted, close the valve. f. Open the liquid injection valve and inject NaClO solution into A chamber. Close the liquid injection valve. g. Open k3 and close k4. h. Turn on the LED light and "light reaction" occurs, discharging impure gas. i. After a period of time, open k2, close k1, and collect high-purity CO2 and O2 mixed gas. j. After the gas collection is completed, close K2, turn off the LED light, open the liquid outlet valve, and collect the waste liquid. k. Repeat the above steps.

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