Low-temperature-resistant spodumene flotation collector as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant spodumene flotation collector as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of mineral flotation. The flotation collecting agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60%-80% of an anionic fatty acid collecting agent, 5%-20% of a sulfonate auxiliary collecting agent, 5%-15% of a hydroximic acid auxiliary collecting agent and 3%-15% of a nonionic surfactant. The flotation collecting agent still has excellent collecting performance and selectivity under the low-temperature condition of 6 DEG C, the problem that the low-temperature activity of a conventional flotation collecting agent is suddenly reduced is effectively solved, pre-desliming or calcium chloride activation is not needed when the flotation collecting agent is used, the process is simple, the cost is low, and the flotation collecting agent is suitable for industrial flotation of spodumene ore.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mineral flotation, in particular to a low-temperature-resistant spodumene flotation collector and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium is the "white oil" of the 21st century, and is a key metal for strategic emerging industries such as new energy and new materials. With the vigorous development of global new energy vehicles, energy storage systems and electronic equipment industries, the demand for lithium resources has shown explosive growth.

[0003] Spodumene, as the main lithium industrial mineral raw material, its efficient enrichment is the key to guarantee the supply of lithium resources. At present, flotation is the most economical and effective technical means for separating spodumene, and its core lies in the selective adsorption of collectors on the surface of minerals, making the surface of spodumene hydrophobic and floating.

[0004] The performance of conventional collectors such as oleic acid and its soaps, oxidized paraffin soap, etc. shows strong temperature dependence. In low-temperature slurry, its collecting ability and selectivity are sharply declined, which constitutes the core technical bottleneck of low-temperature flotation. Under low-temperature conditions, the solubility of the collector molecules decreases, the diffusion speed slows down, and the adsorption capacity weakens, resulting in insufficient hydrophobicity of the mineral surface and a significant decrease in flotation efficiency. The specific performance is as follows: 1) The solubility of the collector decreases at low temperature, and it is difficult to form insoluble aggregates and spread uniformly on the mineral surface; 2) The thermal motion of the collector molecules weakens, and the kinetic process of diffusion and adsorption to the mineral surface slows down; 3) Low temperature leads to increased slurry viscosity and reduced bubble stability, hindering the mineralization process; 4) The selectivity decreases, and the separation efficiency of gangue minerals and target minerals decreases.

[0005] In order to solve the problem of low-temperature flotation, the industrial production is usually forced to adopt the technical route of "warm flotation". Specifically, the slurry is heated to 25-35℃ before flotation to restore the activity of the collector. This method can partially restore the effectiveness, but it brings a series of problems, such as a sharp increase in energy consumption, high cost, and an increase in carbon emissions, which seriously erode the economic benefits. In addition, in order to improve the separation effect, the traditional process often needs to carry out pre-desliming treatment on the raw ore before flotation to remove the non-selective adsorption of collectors and the covering of spodumene particles by fine mud. This step not only increases the consumption of water and reagents, but also leads to the loss of lithium metal in the mud, and the process is complex and the equipment investment is large.

[0006] Patent CN118847374A discloses a low-temperature lithium feldspar collector and its preparation method and application. The collector takes N-fatty acyl amino acid salt as the main component, adds auxiliary components such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), glycerol, and defoaming agent, and is compounded by adding appropriate amount of emulsifier and surfactant after saponification. It has good low-temperature fluidity. However, in addition to the conventional use of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, this technical solution cannot be free from the dependence on calcium chloride activator when applied. This requirement not only increases the complexity of the process flow, but also may cause non-selective activation of some gangue minerals, thereby bringing uncertainty and risk to the selective control of the entire flotation process. In addition, the residual calcium ions may have a potential negative impact on the subsequent hydrometallurgical process.

[0007] There is an urgent need in the art to develop a new and efficient lithium feldspar flotation collector that can maintain strong collecting ability and excellent selectivity for lithium feldspar without heating the ore slurry in a low-temperature environment, thereby completely solving the bottleneck of low-temperature flotation technology, getting rid of the dependence on high-energy consumption heating process, and eliminating the need for traditional pre-desliming and calcium chloride activation, greatly simplifying the beneficiation process, reducing production costs, and providing key technical support for efficient and green development of lithium resources. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a low-temperature-resistant lithium feldspar flotation collector and its preparation method and application, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions: One of the technical solutions of the present application provides a low-temperature-resistant lithium feldspar flotation collector, which is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: anionic fatty acid collector 60%-80%, sulfonate auxiliary collector 5%-20%, hydroxamic acid auxiliary collector 5%-15%, and non-ionic surfactant 3%-15%.

[0010] Further, the anionic fatty acid collector is an unsaturated fatty acid of C8-C22, a salt thereof, or a mixture thereof.

[0011] Further, the anionic fatty acid collector is one or more of oleic acid, sodium oleate, linoleic acid, and naphthenic acid.

[0012] Further, when the anionic fatty acid collector is a mixture of oleic acid and sodium oleate, the raw material mass percentage composition of the low-temperature-resistant lithium feldspar flotation collector is: oleic acid 40%-60%, sodium oleate 10%-30%, sulfonate auxiliary collector 5%-20%, hydroxamic acid auxiliary collector 5%-15%, and non-ionic surfactant 3%-15%.

[0013] Further, the sulfonate auxiliary collector is one or more of petroleum sulfonate sodium, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate and sodium lignin sulfonate; more preferably petroleum sulfonate sodium.

[0014] Further, the hydroxamic acid auxiliary collector is one or more of benzyl hydroxamic acid, salicyl hydroxamic acid and alkyl hydroxamic acid.

[0015] Further, the alkyl hydroxamic acid has a general formula of R-CONHOH, R is C4-C8 alkyl, preferably C8 alkyl, i.e. octyl hydroxamic acid.

[0016] Further, the non-ionic surfactant is one or more of a Tween series, a Span series and a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether series surfactant.

[0017] Further, the Tween series surfactant is preferably Tween 80; the Span series surfactant is preferably Span 60; the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether series surfactant has an ethylene oxide addition number of 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10.

[0018] The second technical solution of the present application provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned low-temperature-resistant spodumene flotation collector, comprising the following steps: S1, the anionic fatty acid collector, the sulfonate auxiliary collector and the hydroxamic acid auxiliary collector are uniformly mixed and stirred at 40-60℃ and a rotation speed of 1200 rpm to obtain a first mixture; S2, the non-ionic surfactant is added to the first mixture, and stirred at a high speed of 2000 rpm for 10-30 min at 60-80℃ until the system is a uniform transparent oil liquid, which remains stable and homogeneous after cooling to room temperature, i.e. the reaction endpoint, to obtain the low-temperature-resistant spodumene flotation collector.

[0019] The third technical solution of the present application provides an application of the above-mentioned low-temperature-resistant spodumene flotation collector in spodumene flotation.

[0020] The fourth technical solution of the present application provides a spodumene flotation process, comprising the following steps: The above-mentioned low-temperature-resistant spodumene flotation collector is used for spodumene flotation.

[0021] In the present application, the anionic fatty acid collector is used as the main active ingredient to provide basic collecting ability for spodumene; the sulfonate auxiliary collector and hydroxamic acid auxiliary collector work together to strengthen the low-temperature adsorption performance of the reagent on the surface of spodumene; and the nonionic surfactant (such as AEO-9 or Tween 80) significantly improves the dispersibility and stability of the whole system in the low-temperature ore pulp through stirring and emulsification at 60-80 DEG C. Specifically, in the alkaline ore pulp, the oleic acid is partially dissociated, the polar carboxyl group (-COO - ) on the dissociated oleic acid forms a stable chemical bond with the incompletely coordinated Al 3+ on the broken surface of the spodumene crystal lattice, and at the same time, the long hydrocarbon chain (R-) is outward, so that the mineral surface is hydrophobic. The sulfonic acid group (-SO3H) has stronger polarity and hydration than the carboxylic acid group, and the solubility of the salt thereof is generally better than that of the corresponding fatty acid salt. The better solubility and dispersibility of the sulfonate molecule can be preferentially adsorbed on some active areas or defects on the surface of spodumene. The hydroxamic acid is a typical chelating collector. It has a strong selective complexing ability for aluminum, iron and other metal ions. The hydroxamate ion forms a chelate with the Al 3+ on the surface of spodumene, and the reaction driving force is still strong even at low temperature, and the adsorption is firm and not easy to desorb. The hydrophilic group in the nonionic surfactant is combined with water through hydrogen bond, and after high-temperature emulsification, it can more effectively emulsify the above-mentioned hydrophobic reagent into micelles or emulsion droplets with small particle size and uniform distribution. This is essentially a "pre-dispersion" of the reagent, so that the compounded reagent can still maintain good dispersibility and stability at low temperature. In addition, the high selectivity of hydroxamic acid to Al 3+ , and the stronger overall adsorption of the composite reagent film, reduce the dependence on Ca 2+ activation. The excellent dispersibility of the nonionic surfactant reduces the mechanical covering of the fine mud on the spodumene due to agglomeration. At the same time, the selectivity of the reagent combination to spodumene is better than that to gangue minerals (such as feldspar, mica, quartz), reducing the rigid requirement for pre-desliming to remove interfering fine mud.

[0022] The above components form a uniform and stable oily liquid under optimized ratio and specific preparation process, so that the collector can still maintain high flotation activity at a low temperature of 6 DEG C, effectively overcoming the problem that the collecting ability of conventional collectors decreases sharply with the decrease of temperature. At the same time, the synergistic effect of the components of the present application can omit the traditional auxiliary processes such as pre-desliming and calcium chloride activation, simplify the process and improve the separation efficiency.

[0023] The present application discloses the following technical effects: The application provides a low-temperature-resistant spodumene flotation collector, by compounding anionic fatty acid, sulfonate, hydroxamic acid and nonionic surfactant, the flotation collector still maintains excellent flotation collecting activity at a low-temperature environment of 6 DEG C, and the technical problem that the collecting capacity of the spodumene collector is sharply attenuated under low-temperature conditions is effectively overcome.

[0024] The preparation process of the collector is simple, only needs conventional mixing and thermal emulsification steps, does not need complex equipment or high-energy consumption conditions, raw materials are easily obtained, and the collector is low in cost and environment-friendly, and does not contain heavy metals or high-toxicity components, and is particularly prominent in that in actual flotation application, the collector can be used for roughing operation of the spodumene ore directly by omitting auxiliary processes such as pre-desliming and calcium chloride activation in the traditional process, and can realize the trade-off between high recovery rate and good concentrate grade under normal temperature and low-temperature conditions, greatly simplifies the process flow, improves the operation efficiency, and has good industrial application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 The flotation flowchart of the effect verification example of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The various exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and the detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present application, but should be understood as a more detailed description of some aspects, characteristics and embodiments of the present application.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms described in the present application are only for describing the specific embodiments, and are not used to limit the present application. In addition, for the numerical range in the present application, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value in the range, and any other stated value or intermediate value in the range is also included in the present application. The upper limit and the lower limit of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0029] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those of a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the application pertains. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application, preferred methods and materials are described. All documents mentioned herein are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe in full the methods and / or materials which are described therein. In case of conflict between the content of the specification and that of any document incorporated herein by reference, the content of the specification prevails.

[0030] Many modifications and variations of the present application described in the specification are possible without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. Other implementations of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application. The specification and examples are illustrative only.

[0031] As used herein, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", "has", "having" and the like are open-ended terms that are intended to permit but not limit the inclusion of elements or the number of elements, as well as the possibility that an additional element or elements can be added later.

[0032] It should be noted that the present application does not describe in detail the conventional means of the art, and is not the focus of the present application.

[0033] Example 1 The present example provides a low-temperature-resistant lithium spodumene flotation collector, and the preparation method is as follows: According to the percentage of the total mass of the collector, 70% of oleic acid, 10% of petroleum sodium sulfonate, 10% of octyl hydroxamic acid (C8H 17 -CONHOH) and 10% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9, the number of ethylene oxide addition is 9) are accurately weighed.

[0034] The oleic acid, petroleum sodium sulfonate and octyl hydroxamic acid are added to a reactor with temperature control and stirring device, and stirred at 1200 rpm at 50°C to mix uniformly, to obtain a mixture; then AEO-9 is added, the temperature is raised to 70°C, and the stirring speed is increased to 2000 rpm for high-speed shear emulsification, and the stirring is continued under the above conditions for 20 min, and a uniform transparent oily liquid is formed after the above heat emulsification treatment; the heating is stopped, the stirring state is maintained, and the system is naturally cooled to room temperature, to obtain a stable homogeneous final product, which is a low-temperature-resistant lithium spodumene flotation collector.

[0035] Example 2 The present example provides a low-temperature-resistant lithium spodumene flotation collector, and the preparation method is as follows: According to the percentage of the total mass of the collector, 50% of oleic acid, 20% of sodium oleate, 15% of petroleum sodium sulfonate, 10% of benzyl hydroxamic acid and 5% of Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) are accurately weighed.

[0036] The oleic acid, sodium oleate, and sodium petroleum sulfonate were added to a reactor equipped with a temperature control and stirring device, and stirred at 1200 rpm at 50°C until mixed evenly to obtain a mixture. Then, Tween 80 was added, the reaction system was warmed to 70°C, and the stirring speed was increased to 2000 rpm for high-speed shear emulsification. The system was kept at this temperature for 20 min, and a uniform transparent oily liquid was formed after the above-mentioned hot emulsification treatment. The heating was stopped, and the system was naturally cooled to room temperature while stirring to obtain a stable homogeneous final product, which was a low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector.

[0037] Example 3 The present example provides a low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector, and the preparation method is as follows: The oleic acid, sodium oleate, and sodium petroleum sulfonate were added to a reactor equipped with a temperature control and stirring device, and stirred at 1200 rpm at 50°C until mixed evenly to obtain a mixture. Then, Tween 80 was added, the reaction system was warmed to 70°C, and the stirring speed was increased to 2000 rpm for high-speed shear emulsification. The system was kept at this temperature for 20 min, and a uniform transparent oily liquid was formed after the above-mentioned hot emulsification treatment. The heating was stopped, and the system was naturally cooled to room temperature while stirring to obtain a stable homogeneous final product, which was a low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector.

[0038] The oleic acid, sodium oleate, and sodium petroleum sulfonate were added to a reactor equipped with a temperature control and stirring device, and stirred at 1200 rpm at 50°C until mixed evenly to obtain a mixture. Then, Tween 80 was added, the reaction system was warmed to 70°C, and the stirring speed was increased to 2000 rpm for high-speed shear emulsification. The system was kept at this temperature for 20 min, and a uniform transparent oily liquid was formed after the above-mentioned hot emulsification treatment. The heating was stopped, and the system was naturally cooled to room temperature while stirring to obtain a stable homogeneous final product, which was a low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector.

[0039] Example 4 The present example provides a low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector, and the preparation method is as follows: The oleic acid, sodium oleate, and sodium petroleum sulfonate were added to a reactor equipped with a temperature control and stirring device, and stirred at 1200 rpm at 50°C until mixed evenly to obtain a mixture. Then, Tween 80 was added, the reaction system was warmed to 70°C, and the stirring speed was increased to 2000 rpm for high-speed shear emulsification. The system was kept at this temperature for 20 min, and a uniform transparent oily liquid was formed after the above-mentioned hot emulsification treatment. The heating was stopped, and the system was naturally cooled to room temperature while stirring to obtain a stable homogeneous final product, which was a low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector.

[0040] The oleic acid, sodium oleate, and sodium petroleum sulfonate were added to a reactor equipped with a temperature control and stirring device, and stirred at 1200 rpm at 50°C until mixed evenly to obtain a mixture. Then, Tween 80 was added, the reaction system was warmed to 70°C, and the stirring speed was increased to 2000 rpm for high-speed shear emulsification. The system was kept at this temperature for 20 min, and a uniform transparent oily liquid was formed after the above-mentioned hot emulsification treatment. The heating was stopped, and the system was naturally cooled to room temperature while stirring to obtain a stable homogeneous final product, which was a low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector.

[0041] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a spodumene flotation collector, which is oleic acid.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a spodumene flotation collector, which is different from Example 1 in that no auxiliary collector, octyl hydroxamic acid, is added. The preparation method is as follows: Accurately take 70% of oleic acid, 20% of sodium petroleum sulfonate, and 10% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9, with 9 ethylene oxide addition) according to the percentage of the total mass of the collector.

[0043] Add the oleic acid and sodium petroleum sulfonate into a reactor with temperature control and stirring device, stir and mix uniformly at 50°C to obtain a mixture; then add AEO-9, heat to 70°C, continue to stir under constant temperature conditions for 20 min, then stop heating, and naturally cool to room temperature under continuous stirring to obtain the spodumene flotation collector.

[0044] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a spodumene flotation collector, which is different from Example 1 in that no non-ionic surfactant (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) is added and no heat emulsification treatment is performed. The preparation method is as follows: Accurately take 80% of oleic acid, 10% of sodium petroleum sulfonate, and 10% of octyl hydroxamic acid according to the percentage of the total mass of the collector.

[0045] Add the oleic acid, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and octyl hydroxamic acid into a reactor with temperature control and stirring device, stir and mix uniformly at 50°C to form a mixture; then naturally cool to room temperature under continuous stirring to obtain the spodumene flotation collector.

[0046] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a spodumene flotation collector, which is different from Example 1 in that the proportion of oleic acid in the raw materials is increased. The preparation method is as follows: Accurately take 85% of oleic acid, 5% of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 5% of octyl hydroxamic acid, and 5% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9, with 9 ethylene oxide addition) according to the percentage of the total mass of the collector.

[0047] Add the oleic acid, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and octyl hydroxamic acid into a reactor with temperature control and stirring device, stir and mix uniformly at 50°C to obtain a mixture; then add AEO-9, heat to 70°C, continue to stir under constant temperature conditions for 20 min, then stop heating, and naturally cool to room temperature under continuous stirring to obtain the spodumene flotation collector.

[0048] Comparative Example 5 The comparative example provides a spodumene flotation collector, which is different from example 2 in that the proportion of sodium oleate and non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 is increased. The preparation method is as follows: Accurately take 25% of oleic acid, 57% of sodium oleate, 3% of petroleum sulfonate sodium, 3% of benzohydroxamic acid, and 12% of Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) according to the percentage of the total mass of the collector.

[0049] Add oleic acid, sodium oleate, petroleum sulfonate sodium, and benzohydroxamic acid into a reactor with temperature control and stirring device, stir and mix uniformly at 50°C, obtain a mixture; then add Tween 80, heat the reaction system to 70°C, and keep constant temperature for 20 min under continuous stirring, form a uniform transparent oily liquid after the above hot emulsification treatment; stop heating, maintain stirring to cool the system to room temperature naturally, obtain a spodumene flotation collector.

[0050] Effect verification example: The flotation collectors prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were used for spodumene flotation comparison test respectively. The lithium spodumene ore used in the test was collected from a certain mine in Sichuan, with a Li2O grade of 1.13%, and the main gangue minerals were quartz and feldspar.

[0051] As shown in Figure 1 , the flotation test process is as follows: the raw ore is ground to -200 mesh content of 80% by a rod mill; under the condition that the rotation speed of the flotation machine is 1992 rpm, the adjusting agents sodium carbonate (1000 g / t) and sodium hydroxide (1000 g / t) are added in turn, and stirred for 5 min respectively to adjust the pH of the slurry and disperse the slime; then the spodumene flotation collectors prepared in examples and comparative examples (i.e. collectors, dosage is 1500 g / t) are added respectively, and continue to stir for 8 min; finally, one roughing and one cleaning operation (4 min) is carried out to obtain spodumene rough concentrate.

[0052] To investigate the low temperature resistance of the flotation collector, each test is carried out in parallel under two temperature conditions: normal temperature condition (25°C) and low temperature condition (6°C). Except for the temperature and the type of collector used, the other operation parameters remain the same. The flotation results are summarized in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1 The low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector prepared in embodiments 1-4 of the present application all show excellent comprehensive separation performance under normal temperature (25℃) and low temperature (6℃) conditions after one roughing and one cleaning, specifically, high Li2O recovery rate and good balance of concentrate grade. Especially, compared with each comparative example, the performance attenuation of the collector of the present application under low temperature environment is significantly smaller, showing excellent low temperature adaptability.

[0054] The single oleic acid used in comparative example 1 as a collector is commonly used in industry, and its Li2O recovery rate under low temperature conditions is only 26.46%, which is significantly lower than all embodiments of the present application (the recovery rate is higher than 38%). The results fully show that single oleic acid cannot overcome the technical problem of sharp decline in recovery rate of spodumene in low temperature flotation.

[0055] Comparative example 2 does not add octyl hydroxamic acid, and its flotation effect, especially the Li2O recovery rate and concentrate grade under low temperature, are significantly worse than embodiment 1. This comparison strongly proves that octyl hydroxamic acid is a key component for building the synergistic collector system of the present application, which significantly improves the selectivity and low temperature activity of the collector through specific chelation with the metal sites on the surface of spodumene.

[0056] Comparative example 3 does not introduce non-ionic surfactant AEO-9 during preparation, nor does it undergo 70℃ hot emulsification treatment, but only physically mixes the components. Its low temperature recovery rate is greatly reduced to 18.24%, indicating that the non-ionic surfactant with a specific structure and the hot emulsification process are crucial for realizing molecular-level dispersion and stable synergy among components; without this process step, the system cannot form an efficient and stable collector microenvironment at low temperature.

[0057] Comparative example 4 greatly increases the proportion of oleic acid (up to 85%) and significantly reduces the content of auxiliary components, resulting in a sharp drop in low temperature recovery rate to 12.36%. This shows that the main collector is not the more the better, when the auxiliary functional components (such as hydroxamic acid, surfactant, etc.) are insufficient, excessive oleic acid is difficult to disperse in water and is prone to aggregation and precipitation at low temperature, which seriously weakens the overall flotation performance.

[0058] Comparative example 5 increases the dosage of sodium oleate and Tween 80, and its Li2O recovery rate can still be maintained, but the concentrate grade is significantly lower than all embodiments. This reflects that the imbalance of component ratio leads to a significant decrease in the selectivity of the collector, and a large amount of quartz, feldspar and other gangue minerals are non-selectively entrained into the concentrate, which destroys effective separation.

[0059] In summary, the application provides a low-temperature-resistant spodumene flotation collector, which realizes excellent low-temperature adaptability, high selectivity and significant component synergistic effect through scientific compounding of specific main and auxiliary components and optimized hot emulsification preparation process. When the collector is used for flotation, no additional auxiliary processes such as pre-desliming or calcium chloride activation need to be set. The flotation collector can efficiently recover spodumene in the temperature range of 6-25 DEG C, while giving consideration to higher Li2O recovery rate and concentrate grade. The technical scheme simplifies the process flow, reduces the reagent cost and operation complexity, has significant technical effect, and has outstanding substantial characteristics and progress.

[0060] The above-described embodiments are only used to describe the preferred modes of the application, and do not limit the scope of the application. Without departing from the design spirit of the application, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the application made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector, characterized in that, It is composed of the following raw materials by weight percentage: 60%-80% anionic fatty acid collectors, 5%-20% sulfonate auxiliary collectors, 5%-15% hydroxamic acid auxiliary collectors, and 3%-15% nonionic surfactants.

2. The low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anionic fatty acid collector is a C8-C22 unsaturated fatty acid, its salt, or a mixture thereof.

3. The low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anionic fatty acid collector is one or more of oleic acid, sodium oleate, linoleic acid, and naphthenic acid.

4. The low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the anionic fatty acid collector is a mixture of oleic acid and sodium oleate, the raw material mass percentage composition of the low-temperature spodumene flotation collector is as follows: oleic acid 40%-60%, sodium oleate 10%-30%, sulfonate auxiliary collector 5%-20%, hydroxamic acid auxiliary collector 5%-15%, and nonionic surfactant 3%-15%.

5. The low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sulfonate-based auxiliary collector is one or more of sodium petroleum sulfonate, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, and sodium lignin sulfonate.

6. The low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydroxamic acid auxiliary collector is one or more of benzyl hydroxamic acid, salicylic acid, and alkyl hydroxamic acid; the general structural formula of the alkyl hydroxamic acid is R-CONHOH, where R is a C4-C8 alkyl group.

7. The low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nonionic surfactant is one or more of the Tween series, Span series, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether series surfactants.

8. The method for preparing the low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The anionic fatty acid collector, sulfonate auxiliary collector and hydroxamic acid auxiliary collector are mixed and stirred evenly at 40-60℃ to obtain the first mixture; S2. Add the nonionic surfactant to the first mixture and stir at 60-80°C until the system is a uniform and transparent oily liquid to obtain the low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector.

9. The application of the low-temperature resistant spodumene flotation collector as described in any one of claims 1-7 in spodumene flotation.

10. A spodumene flotation process, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The spodumene flotation collector according to any one of claims 1-7 is used to float spodumene.

Images