Graphite wastewater harmless treatment system and treatment method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of graphite wastewater treatment, in particular to a graphite wastewater innocent treatment system and method, the graphite wastewater innocent treatment system comprises a pretreatment module, a deep treatment module and a discharge treatment module, the purified graphite wastewater is subjected to discharge requirement standard detection, and the purified graphite wastewater meeting the discharge requirement standard is discharged into a water body. The method has the advantages that the graphite wastewater is subjected to adsorption treatment, pollutants in the wastewater can be effectively adsorbed by utilizing the characteristics of high specific surface area and abundant pore structures of the adsorbent, the graphite wastewater is subjected to deep purification treatment, and the graphite wastewater is subjected to strong oxidation treatment, so that the treatment effect is good. According to the present invention, the wastewater is subjected to the oxidation treatment, such that the free radicals (such as the hydroxyl free radicals) with the strong oxidizing property are generated in the wastewater, the free radicals can nonselectively attack the organic matters in the wastewater so as to oxidize and decompose the residual organic matters in the wastewater into the harmless small molecule substances and even mineralize the residual organic matters into the carbon dioxide and the water, and the advantages of high treatment efficiency, fast reaction speed, wide application range and the like are provided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of graphite wastewater treatment, in particular to a graphite wastewater harmless treatment system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of graphite production, graphite crushing, flotation, pickling, purification and other processes will produce graphite wastewater. The graphite wastewater contains high concentration of organic matter, suspended solids, heavy metal pollutants and strong acidic substances. If it is directly discharged into the environment, it will cause serious pollution and damage to water bodies, soil and ecosystems. Therefore, before discharge, the graphite wastewater needs to be harmlessly treated. Using professional harmless treatment process to treat graphite wastewater can improve wastewater treatment efficiency, reduce treatment cost and reduce environmental pollution. With the continuous progress of technology, some novel and efficient treatment methods are integrated into the harmless treatment system, which can more efficiently and cost-effectively purify graphite wastewater. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a graphite wastewater harmless treatment system and method that effectively solves the problems of the prior art.

[0004] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solution: a graphite wastewater harmless treatment method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] 1) A pretreatment module for removing impurities from graphite wastewater by grid, neutralizing and precipitating and coagulating and precipitating to complete preliminary purification treatment;

[0006] 2) A deep treatment module for adsorbing, strongly oxidizing and membrane separating graphite wastewater;

[0007] 3) A discharge treatment module for biologically treating and disinfecting graphite wastewater;

[0008] 4) Discharge requirement detection of purified graphite wastewater;

[0009] 5) Discharge of purified graphite wastewater meeting discharge requirements into water bodies.

[0010] Optionally, the grid in step 1) is filtered and impurities are removed by a mechanical grid. The mechanical grid is cleaned periodically to remove the filter impurities attached to its surface. The grid spacing of the mechanical grid gradually decreases along the flow direction.

[0011] The technical scheme is as follows: the graphite wastewater is subjected to the grid impurity removal process before purification, so that the large suspended solids, floating solids, fiber materials, solid particle impurities and relatively large objects that may block the water pump unit and pipeline valves in the graphite wastewater are removed, the subsequent treatment equipment is protected from damage, the operation condition and treatment effect of the subsequent treatment process are improved, and the impurities can be cleaned periodically by using the mechanical grid to maintain the stable filtering and impurity removal efficiency.

[0012] Optionally, the neutralization and impurity removal in the step 1) adds a chemical agent into the graphite wastewater to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to a suitable range, and the coagulation and sedimentation adds a coagulant into the graphite wastewater for coagulation reaction.

[0013] The technical scheme is as follows: the graphite wastewater is subjected to the neutralization and impurity removal treatment and the coagulation and sedimentation treatment in sequence, the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted, the heavy metal ions are converted into hydroxide precipitates, the coagulant can form large flocs and precipitate, and the suspended solids, colloids and part of the organic matters in the wastewater are further removed, so that the graphite wastewater is subjected to sufficient preliminary purification treatment, and the influence of the internal impurities and the acidity on the purification effect of the subsequent oxidation treatment and other deep treatment is avoided.

[0014] Optionally, the adsorption treatment in the step 2) adds activated carbon and resin into the graphite wastewater to adsorb and remove the harmful substances such as the organic matters and the heavy metals in the wastewater.

[0015] The technical scheme is as follows: the graphite wastewater is subjected to the adsorption treatment, the adsorbent has the characteristics of high specific surface area and rich pore structure, and the pollutants in the wastewater can be effectively adsorbed, so that the graphite wastewater is subjected to deep purification treatment.

[0016] Optionally, the strong oxidation technology treatment in the step 2) adds a strong oxidant into the graphite wastewater, and the strong oxidant includes ozone, hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet rays.

[0017] The technical scheme is as follows: the graphite wastewater is subjected to the strong oxidation treatment, so that the free radicals (such as hydroxyl radicals) with strong oxidation are generated in the wastewater, the free radicals can selectively attack the organic matters in the wastewater, the residual organic matters in the wastewater are oxidized and decomposed into harmless small molecular substances, and even mineralized into carbon dioxide and water, the strong oxidation technology has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, fast reaction speed and wide application range, and can greatly improve the purification efficiency and cleanliness of the graphite wastewater.

[0018] Optionally, the membrane separation technology treatment in the step 2) uses a microfiltration semi-permeable membrane to treat the graphite wastewater, and the pore size of the microfiltration semi-permeable membrane ranges from 0.1 microns to 1 micron.

[0019] The technical scheme is as follows: the graphite wastewater is subjected to membrane separation treatment through the microfiltration semi-permeable membrane, the microfiltration semi-permeable membrane can remove macromolecular substances such as organic matter, suspended matter and microorganisms in the graphite wastewater, so that the wastewater meets the discharge standard, and the microfiltration semi-permeable membrane has higher filtering efficiency and lower cost than the ultrafiltration and nanofiltration semi-permeable membranes, and the purification mode can be completed at normal temperature without chemical reagents and additives, thereby avoiding the generation of waste materials in the wastewater treatment process.

[0020] Optionally, the biological treatment in the step 3) includes aerobic biological treatment and anaerobic biological treatment, the aerobic biological treatment utilizes metabolic action of aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water, and the anaerobic biological treatment converts organic matter into energy substances such as biogas under anaerobic conditions to realize resource recovery.

[0021] Optionally, the disinfection treatment in the step 3) kills harmful organisms such as pathogenic microorganisms and viruses in the wastewater to ensure the safety of the wastewater when discharged.

[0022] Optionally, the discharge requirement detection in the step 4) detects the internal substance content of the purified wastewater that does not meet the standard, and according to the internal substance content analysis, the purified wastewater that does not meet the standard is returned to the corresponding purification step of the steps 1 to 3 for secondary purification treatment.

[0023] The present application has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The graphite wastewater harmless treatment system and treatment method remove large suspended matter, floating matter, fibrous matter, solid particle impurities and relatively large objects that may block the water pump unit and pipeline valves in the graphite wastewater before purification, so as to protect the subsequent treatment equipment from damage, thereby improving the operation condition and treatment effect of the subsequent treatment process, the impurities can be cleaned periodically by using the mechanical grid to remove the impurities, so that the grid maintains stable filtering and impurity removal efficiency, the graphite wastewater is subjected to neutralization and impurity removal treatment and coagulation and sedimentation treatment in sequence, the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted, the heavy metal ions are converted into hydroxide precipitate, the coagulant can form large flocs and precipitate, and the suspended matter, colloid and part of the organic matter in the wastewater are further removed, so that the graphite wastewater is subjected to sufficient preliminary purification treatment, and the influence of the internal impurities and acidity on the purification effect of the subsequent oxidation treatment and other advanced treatment is avoided.

[0025] 2. This graphite wastewater harmless treatment system and method utilizes the high specific surface area and abundant pore structure of the adsorbent to effectively adsorb pollutants in the wastewater, achieving deep purification. Through strong oxidation treatment, highly oxidizing free radicals (such as hydroxyl radicals) are generated in the wastewater. These free radicals can non-selectively attack organic matter in the wastewater, oxidizing and decomposing residual organic matter into harmless small molecules, or even mineralizing them into carbon dioxide and water. Strong oxidation technology has advantages such as high treatment efficiency, fast reaction speed, and wide applicability, significantly improving the purification efficiency and cleanliness of graphite wastewater.

[0026] 3. The graphite wastewater harmless treatment system and method uses a microfiltration semi-permeable membrane to perform membrane separation treatment on the graphite wastewater. The microfiltration semi-permeable membrane can remove organic matter, suspended solids, microorganisms and other macromolecular substances in the graphite wastewater, so that the wastewater meets the discharge standards. Moreover, the microfiltration semi-permeable membrane has higher filtration efficiency and lower cost than ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and other semi-permeable membranes. In addition, this purification method can be completed at room temperature without the need for chemical reagents and additives, avoiding the generation of additional polluting waste during the wastewater treatment process. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system flow of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for harmlessly treating graphite wastewater includes the following steps:

[0030] 1) Pretreatment module: The graphite wastewater is subjected to screen removal, neutralization sedimentation and coagulation sedimentation to complete the preliminary purification treatment;

[0031] 2) Deep treatment module, which treats graphite wastewater by adsorption, strong oxidation and membrane separation.

[0032] 3) Discharge treatment module, which performs biological treatment and disinfection of graphite wastewater;

[0033] 4) Conduct discharge testing on the purified graphite wastewater to ensure it meets discharge standards;

[0034] 5) Purified graphite wastewater that meets emission standards is discharged into water bodies.

[0035] In step 1), the grid impurity removal uses a mechanical grid to filter and remove impurities from the graphite wastewater. The mechanical grid periodically cleans the surface-attached filter impurities. The grid bar spacing of the mechanical grid gradually decreases along the flow direction. By performing the grid impurity removal process before the graphite wastewater purification, the large suspended solids, floating materials, fiber materials, solid particle impurities, and relatively coarse objects that can block the water pump set and pipeline valves are removed, thereby protecting the subsequent treatment equipment from damage and improving the operation status and treatment effect of the subsequent treatment process. The use of a mechanical grid for impurity removal can periodically clean the impurities, maintaining the stable filtering and impurity removal efficiency of the grid.

[0036] In step 1), the grid impurity removal uses a mechanical grid to filter and remove impurities from the graphite wastewater. The mechanical grid periodically cleans the surface-attached filter impurities. The grid bar spacing of the mechanical grid gradually decreases along the flow direction. By performing the grid impurity removal process before the graphite wastewater purification, the large suspended solids, floating materials, fiber materials, solid particle impurities, and relatively coarse objects that can block the water pump set and pipeline valves are removed, thereby protecting the subsequent treatment equipment from damage and improving the operation status and treatment effect of the subsequent treatment process. The use of a mechanical grid for impurity removal can periodically clean the impurities, maintaining the stable filtering and impurity removal efficiency of the grid.

[0037] In step 2), activated carbon and resin are added to the graphite wastewater for adsorption to remove organic matter, heavy metals, and other harmful substances. Through adsorption treatment of the graphite wastewater, the high specific surface area and rich pore structure of the adsorbent can effectively adsorb pollutants in the wastewater, providing deep purification treatment for the graphite wastewater.

[0038] In step 2), activated carbon and resin are added to the graphite wastewater for adsorption to remove organic matter, heavy metals, and other harmful substances. Through adsorption treatment of the graphite wastewater, the high specific surface area and rich pore structure of the adsorbent can effectively adsorb pollutants in the wastewater, providing deep purification treatment for the graphite wastewater.

[0039] Embodiment 5: The membrane separation technology in step 2 is used to treat the graphite wastewater by using a microfiltration semi-permeable membrane with a pore size ranging from 0.1 microns to 1 micron. The microfiltration semi-permeable membrane can remove macromolecular substances such as organic matter, suspended matter, and microorganisms in the graphite wastewater, so that the wastewater meets the discharge standard. The microfiltration semi-permeable membrane has higher efficiency and lower cost compared to ultrafiltration and nanofiltration semi-permeable membranes. Moreover, the purification method can be completed at room temperature without the use of chemical reagents and additives, thereby avoiding the generation of additional pollution waste during wastewater treatment.

[0040] Embodiment 6: The biological treatment in step 3 includes aerobic biological treatment and anaerobic biological treatment. The aerobic biological treatment utilizes the metabolic action of aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water. The anaerobic biological treatment converts organic matter into energy substances such as biogas under anaerobic conditions, thereby achieving resource recovery.

[0041] Embodiment 7: The disinfection treatment in step 3 kills harmful organisms such as pathogenic microorganisms and viruses in the wastewater, thereby ensuring the safety of the wastewater during discharge.

[0042] Embodiment 8: The discharge requirement detection in step 4 detects the content of substances in the purified wastewater that does not meet the standard. Based on the analysis of the content of the substances, the non-standard purified wastewater is returned to the corresponding purification steps in steps 1 to 3 for secondary purification treatment.

[0043] The working principle of the present application is as follows:

[0044] S1, before the graphite wastewater is purified, a grid impurity removal process is performed to remove large suspended matter, floating matter, fibrous matter, solid particle impurities, and relatively coarse objects that may block the water pump set and pipeline valves, thereby protecting the subsequent treatment equipment from damage and improving the operation status and treatment effect of the subsequent treatment process. The use of a mechanical grid for impurity removal can periodically clean the impurities, maintaining the stable filtering and impurity removal efficiency of the grid.

[0045] S2, the graphite wastewater is sequentially subjected to neutralization and impurity removal treatment and coagulation and sedimentation treatment. The pH value of the wastewater is adjusted to convert heavy metal ions into hydroxide precipitates. The coagulant can form large flocs and precipitate, further removing suspended matter, colloids, and part of the organic matter in the wastewater, thereby fully purifying the graphite wastewater and avoiding the influence of internal impurities and acidity on the purification effect of subsequent oxidation treatment and other advanced treatment.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. This graphite wastewater harmless treatment system and method removes large suspended solids, floating matter, fibrous materials, solid particulate impurities, and larger objects that may clog pump units and pipeline valves from the graphite wastewater before purification by performing a bar screen removal process. This protects subsequent treatment equipment from damage, thereby improving the operation and treatment effect of subsequent processes. The use of mechanical bar screens allows for periodic cleaning of impurities, maintaining a stable filtration efficiency. By sequentially neutralizing and removing impurities from the graphite wastewater and then coagulating and settling it, the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted, causing heavy metal ions to be converted into hydroxide precipitates. The coagulant forms larger flocs that settle, further removing suspended solids, colloids, and some organic matter from the wastewater. This provides a thorough preliminary purification of the graphite wastewater, preventing internal impurities and acidity from affecting the purification effect of subsequent deep treatments such as oxidation.

[0048] 2. This graphite wastewater harmless treatment system and method utilizes the high specific surface area and abundant pore structure of the adsorbent to effectively adsorb pollutants in the wastewater, achieving deep purification. Through strong oxidation treatment, highly oxidizing free radicals (such as hydroxyl radicals) are generated in the wastewater. These free radicals can non-selectively attack organic matter in the wastewater, oxidizing and decomposing residual organic matter into harmless small molecules, or even mineralizing them into carbon dioxide and water. Strong oxidation technology has advantages such as high treatment efficiency, fast reaction speed, and wide applicability, significantly improving the purification efficiency and cleanliness of graphite wastewater.

[0049] 3. The graphite wastewater harmless treatment system and method uses a microfiltration semi-permeable membrane to perform membrane separation treatment on the graphite wastewater. The microfiltration semi-permeable membrane can remove organic matter, suspended solids, microorganisms and other macromolecular substances in the graphite wastewater, so that the wastewater meets the discharge standards. Moreover, the microfiltration semi-permeable membrane has higher filtration efficiency and lower cost than ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and other semi-permeable membranes. In addition, this purification method can be completed at room temperature without the need for chemical reagents and additives, avoiding the generation of additional polluting waste during the wastewater treatment process.

Claims

1. A method for harmless treatment of graphite wastewater, characterized by It comprises the following steps: 1) Pretreatment, the graphite wastewater is treated by grid impurity removal, neutralization and coagulation sedimentation, and the preliminary purification treatment is completed; 2) Deep treatment, the graphite wastewater is treated by adsorption, strong oxidation technology and membrane separation technology; 3) Discharge treatment, the graphite wastewater is treated by biological treatment and disinfection treatment; 4) The purified graphite wastewater is detected for discharge requirement; 5) The purified graphite wastewater meeting the discharge requirement is discharged into water body.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The non-standard purified wastewater in the step 4) is detected for internal substance content, and the non-standard purified wastewater is returned to the corresponding purification step of the step 1) to the step 3) for secondary purification treatment according to the internal substance content analysis.

3. The graphite wastewater harmless treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that It comprises the following modules: 1) Pretreatment module; 2) Deep treatment module; 3) Discharge treatment module.

4. The graphite wastewater innocuity treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grid impurity removal in the module 1) uses mechanical grid to filter and remove impurities from the graphite wastewater, the mechanical grid is cleaned periodically according to the filter impurities attached to the surface, and the grid bar spacing of the mechanical grid gradually decreases along the flow direction.

5. The graphite wastewater innocuity treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The neutralization and impurity removal in the module 1) adds chemical agents into the graphite wastewater to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to a suitable range, and the coagulation sedimentation adds coagulant into the graphite wastewater for coagulation reaction.

6. The graphite wastewater innocuity treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adsorption treatment in the module 2) adds activated carbon and resin into the graphite wastewater to remove harmful substances such as organic matter and heavy metals in the wastewater.

7. The graphite wastewater innocuity treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The strong oxidation technology treatment in the module 2) adds strong oxidizing agent into the graphite wastewater, and the strong oxidizing agent includes ozone, hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet rays.

8. The graphite wastewater innocuity treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The membrane separation technology treatment in the module 2) uses microfiltration semi-permeable membrane to treat the graphite wastewater, and the pore size of the microfiltration semi-permeable membrane ranges from 0.1 microns to 1 micron.

9. The graphite wastewater innocuity treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The biological treatment in the module 3) includes aerobic biological treatment and anaerobic biological treatment, the aerobic biological treatment uses the metabolic action of aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water, and the anaerobic biological treatment converts organic matter into energy substances such as biogas under anaerobic conditions, realizing resource recycling.

10. The graphite wastewater innocuity treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The disinfection treatment in the module 3) kills harmful organisms such as pathogenic microorganisms and viruses in the wastewater, ensuring the safety of the wastewater during discharge.

Images