Corn planting straw organic fertilizer
Organic fertilizer was prepared by fermenting corn stalks with a mixture of marine Bacillus and Trichoderma harzianum, which solved the problem of corn stalk rot and achieved effective prevention and control of corn stalk rot and increased yield.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511607329.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient to effectively prevent and control corn stalk rot, which affects corn quality and yield.
Organic fertilizer was prepared by fermenting corn stalks with a mixture of marine Bacillus and Trichoderma harzianum. The carbon-nitrogen ratio and moisture content were adjusted, and constant-temperature composting was carried out to prevent corn stalk rot.
It significantly improved the prevention and control of corn seedling stalk rot, promoted the healthy growth of corn plants, and increased corn yield.
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer, and particularly relates to a corn planting straw organic fertilizer. BACKGROUND
[0002] Corn is one of important food crops in China, and the sustainable development of corn planting plays a vital role in guaranteeing food security and promoting agricultural development. In the process of corn production and cultivation, various diseases seriously restrict the quality and yield of corn, causing great economic losses. Corn stalk rot is a typical soil-borne disease of corn. The main pathogenic bacteria of corn stalk rot are fusarium, pythium and some pathogenic bacteria. The main species of fusarium are fusarium graminearum and fusarium moniliforme, and the main species of pythium are pythium aphanidermatum, pythium gramineum and pythium inflatum. The main disease site of corn stalk rot is the stem base of corn plants, and the symptoms are stem internal rot, reduced number of root hairs, brown stem base xylem, plant lodging or death, and influence on the quality and yield of corn. Therefore, finding a safe and efficient disease control method is an urgent problem to be solved in the corn planting industry.
[0003] Compared with traditional chemical control, microbial inoculants have the advantages of green, non-pollution and difficulty in causing disease resistance, and are the research focus for preventing and controlling crop diseases. Biological organic fertilizer, as a kind of biological fertilizer with the functions of organic fertilizer and functional strains, has attracted widespread attention. It shows good effect in disease control, improvement of soil environment, promotion of crop growth and improvement of crop yield and quality. Therefore, introducing biological organic fertilizer into corn planting to prevent and control corn diseases, promote corn plant growth and improve corn yield is of great significance to the healthy and sustainable development of corn planting industry.
[0004] The information disclosed in this Background section is only for the purpose of increasing the understanding of the background of the application, and should not be considered as admitting that the information forms prior art that is already known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a corn planting straw organic fertilizer to solve the problems of the prior art in the background.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions. The application discloses corn planting straw organic fertilizer, which is prepared by fermenting microbial agent and straw substrate, and specifically comprises the following steps: corn straw is dried and crushed, and then passed through a 20-60 mesh sieve; the carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content are adjusted; 5-8% of the microbial agent is inoculated; after being uniformly mixed, constant temperature composting fermentation is carried out for 20-25 days; and the composting is turned over once every 2 days, so that the corn planting straw organic fertilizer is obtained; wherein the microbial agent is a mixture of bacillus marinus and trichoderma harzianum.
[0007] More specifically, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 15-25 by adding urea, and the water content is adjusted to 45-55% by adding water; and the constant temperature composting fermentation temperature is 28-32 DEG C.
[0008] More specifically, the mixing mass ratio of the bacillus marinus and the trichoderma harzianum is 1-10:1-8.
[0009] More specifically, the bacillus marinus is 1 billion CFU / gram of bacillus marinus wettable powder; and the trichoderma harzianum is 600 million CFU / gram of trichoderma harzianum DS-10 wettable powder.
[0010] The application further provides application of the corn planting straw organic fertilizer in promoting corn plant growth, improving corn yield and preventing and treating corn stem base rot.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects: The bacillus marinus and the trichoderma harzianum DS-10 are selected to ferment corn straw to obtain the straw organic fertilizer, the straw organic fertilizer has a good prevention and treatment effect on corn stem rot caused by fusarium graminearum, especially when the bacillus marinus and the trichoderma harzianum DS-10 are mixed at a mass ratio of 4:1 to ferment the corn straw, the prevention and treatment effect of the straw organic fertilizer on corn seedling stage stem rot can reach 88.14%, and the prevention and treatment effect is particularly remarkable. It is shown that the corn planting straw organic fertilizer can effectively prevent and treat corn seedling stage stem rot, is helpful to the healthy growth of corn plants, and thus is favorable to improving corn yield and has a very important significance for the healthy and sustainable development of corn planting industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] The technical scheme of the application patent will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the application.
[0013] 1. Materials and methods 1.1 Materials Test microbial inoculant: 10 billion CFU / g of Bacillus marinus wettable powder (Zhejiang Tonglu Hui Feng Biological Technology Co., Ltd., registration certificate number: PD20142273), 600 million CFU / g of Trichoderma harzianum DS-10 wettable powder (Xi'an Dingsheng Biological Chemical Co., Ltd., registration certificate number: PD20230092) Test strain: Fusarium graminearum (Schweinitz) Saccardo Fusarium graminearum ) Test potato dextrose medium (PDA): 200 g of peeled potato, 10 g of glucose, 10 g of agar powder, and water to make 1000 mL.
[0014] Test corn: Guinu 519 1.3 Method Preparation of straw organic fertilizer: corn straw was air-dried and crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and adjusted to a carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) of 20 with urea and a moisture content of 45% with water. Fermentation inoculant was inoculated at a mass ratio of 6% (see Table 1 for details), and the mixture was uniformly mixed and then subjected to constant temperature composting at 28°C for 25 days. The compost was turned every 2 days during the fermentation period. The straw organic fertilizer was obtained.
[0015] Table 1 Fermentation inoculant
[0016] Preparation of inoculum: corn kernels were soaked in water for 12 hours, boiled in water, and the corn seed coat was crushed. The corn kernels were then divided into triangular flasks, sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes, and cooled to obtain corn kernel medium. The test strain Fusarium graminearum was activated and cultured on PDA plates at 28°C for 5 days. A 7-mm-diameter bacterial cake was punched along the edge of the colony using a puncher, inoculated into 150 mL of PDA liquid medium (PDA medium without agar), and cultured at 28°C with shaking at 180 r / min for 3 days. The Fusarium graminearum liquid was inoculated into the corn kernel medium at a ratio of 0.5% (v / w), and cultured in a light incubator for 7 days to obtain Fusarium graminearum-corn kernel inoculum.
[0017] Pot experiment: The river sand was passed through a 60-mesh sieve, washed and sterilized, mixed with inoculum according to a mass ratio of 15:1, and then loaded into pots with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 17.5 cm to 3 / 4 of the pot, and then 15 g of straw organic fertilizer was applied. The test corn seeds were sterilized with 75% ethanol for 30 s, washed with sterile water for 3 times and dried, and then sowed in the pots, 5 seeds per pot. At the same time, the treatment of applying inoculum without applying straw organic fertilizer was blank control 1; the treatment of not applying inoculum without applying straw organic fertilizer was blank control 2. Each treatment was 5 pots, repeated 3 times. The pots were placed in a light incubator with light and dark 12h / 12h, temperature 28℃, relative humidity 90%, and water was sprayed to keep the river sand moist. When the corn seedlings in blank control 2 grew to the three-leaf stage, the disease condition was investigated and recorded, and the disease index and control effect were calculated.
[0018] 1.4 Disease grading standard Table 2 Disease grading standard (Wu Xiaoru et al., 2015)
[0019] 1.5 Control effect calculation method
[0020] 2. Results The results are shown in Table 3.
[0021] Table 3 Effect of different straw organic fertilizers on corn seedling stem rot
[0022] As shown in Table 3, in terms of disease index of corn seedling stem rot, the disease index of corn seedling stem rot of blank control 1 was 78.67, the disease index of corn seedling stem rot of straw organic fertilizer fermented by single microorganism of Bacillus marinus and Trichoderma harzianum DS-10 (i.e. straw organic fertilizer A and straw organic fertilizer B) was 43.67 and 32.33 respectively, and the disease index of corn seedling stem rot of straw organic fertilizer fermented by different proportions of Bacillus marinus and Trichoderma harzianum DS-10 (i.e. straw organic fertilizer C-G) was 9.33-21.67, which was significantly lower than that of straw organic fertilizer A or straw organic fertilizer B.
[0023] In the corn seedling stem rot prevention effect aspect, the corn seedling stem rot prevention effect of the straw organic fertilizer (i.e., straw organic fertilizer A and straw organic fertilizer B) of the single microorganism fermentation agent of the bacillus marinus and the trichoderma harzianum DS-10 is 44.49% and 58.90%, the corn seedling stem rot disease index of the straw organic fertilizer (i.e., straw organic fertilizer C-G) of the different proportion of the bacillus marinus and the trichoderma harzianum DS-10 is 72.45-8814%, and is obviously higher than that of the straw organic fertilizer A or the straw organic fertilizer B. Especially when the straw organic fertilizer F is doped, the corn seedling stem rot prevention effect reaches 88.14%, and the prevention effect is the most significant.
[0024] In summary, the straw organic fertilizer for corn planting of the application can effectively prevent and control the corn seedling stem rot, is helpful for the healthy growth of the corn plant, thereby is favorable for improving the corn yield, and has very important significance for the healthy and sustainable development of the corn planting industry.
[0025] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the application is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to limit the application to the precise forms described. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. The exemplary embodiments are chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the application and its practical application and to allow others skilled in the art to understand the application for various exemplary embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the application be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A corn planting straw organic fertilizer, characterized in that, The corn planting straw organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting microbial agent and straw substrate, specifically: corn straw is air-dried and crushed, and then passed through a 20-60 mesh sieve; the carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content are adjusted; the microbial agent is inoculated at a mass ratio of 5-8%; after mixing uniformly, constant-temperature composting fermentation is carried out for 20-25 days; during the period, the pile is turned over once every 2 days, and the corn planting straw organic fertilizer is obtained; wherein the microbial agent is a mixture of marine bacillus and Trichoderma harzianum.
2. The corn planting straw organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Urea is added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 15-25, and water is added to adjust the water content to 45-55%, and the constant-temperature composting fermentation temperature is 28-32℃.
3. The corn planting straw organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing mass ratio of the marine bacillus and the Trichoderma harzianum is 1-10:1-8.
4. The corn planting straw organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The marine bacillus is 1 billion CFU / g of marine bacillus wettable powder; and the Trichoderma harzianum is 600 million CFU / g of Trichoderma harzianum DS-10 wettable powder.
5. The corn planting straw organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-4 is applied to promote the growth of corn plants, increase the yield of corn, and prevent corn basal stem rot.