Precision rice drilling device adaptive to multiple grain types

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-grain-type adaptive rice precision drilling device, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, the multi-grain-type adaptive rice precision drilling device comprises: a main body rack as a mounting main body of the drilling device; the groove pressing mechanism is mounted at the lower part of the main body rack and is used for extruding a seeding groove in the seedling tray before seeding; the soil closing pulley is mounted at the lower part of the main body rack, is positioned behind the groove pressing mechanism and is used for closing the sown soil; the moving rollers are mounted at the lower part of the main body rack and are used for driving the device to move; the fertilizer bin is mounted at the upper part of the main body rack and is used for adding a fertilizer after the soil is turned; the seeding bin is mounted at the upper part of the main body rack, and to-be-seeded seeds are stored in the seeding bin and are used for quantitatively sowing the seeds; the adjustable discharging mechanism is arranged to adapt to seeds of different grain types, quantitative sowing is achieved in combination with the discharging mechanism, and the problem of uneven sowing caused by grain type difference is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a precision strip seeding device for rice with multiple grain types. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, the row seeder is a key seeding equipment. Its working principle relies on the walking wheels to drive the seed metering wheel to rotate, so that the seeds are discharged from the seed cups of the seed box into the seed delivery tube according to the set seeding amount. The seeds fall into the pre-dug soil furrows through the furrow opener, and then the soil covering and compaction are completed by the soil covering and compaction device, finally forming neat parallel and equidistant rows of crops.

[0003] However, existing row seeders face multiple technical bottlenecks in practical applications. Due to the significant differences in the grain shape of hybrid rice seeds, including inconsistencies in size, shape, and density, traditional equipment lacks a dynamic adjustment mechanism and cannot accurately control the seed discharge speed according to specific grain shape characteristics. This leads to inaccurate quantity distribution of seeds of different sizes during sowing. For example, small-grained seeds are easily over-sown while large-grained seeds are under-sown, directly affecting sowing uniformity and subsequent crop germination rate.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing equipment completely lacks a screening function in the seed delivery process, failing to effectively separate impurities, broken grains, or underdeveloped seeds. This results in substandard seeds mixing into the soil, causing problems such as decreased sowing quality, gaps in seedling rows, and uneven crop growth. These issues are particularly prominent in hybrid rice cultivation, as hybrid rice requires higher sowing precision, and current technologies have failed to provide a comprehensive solution suitable for multiple seed types, severely restricting the implementation effectiveness of precision sowing and improving agricultural production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of uneven sowing caused by differences in grain shape, and to propose a precision row sowing device for rice with multiple grain shape adaptability.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A multi-grain-type adaptive precision rice seeding device, comprising: The main frame serves as the mounting body for the strip seeding device; The grooving mechanism, installed at the bottom of the main frame, is used to press the seedling tray into the groove for sowing before sowing. The soil-binding pulley, installed at the bottom of the main frame and behind the pressing mechanism, is used to gather the soil after sowing. Movable rollers, which are installed at the bottom of the main frame, are used to drive the device to move; The fertilizer bin, installed on the upper part of the main frame, is used to add fertilizer after the soil has been turned over; A seed sowing bin is installed on the upper part of the main frame, which stores seeds to be sown for quantitative sowing of seeds. The seed sowing bin comprises a support bin fixed on the upper part of the main frame, a storage bin for storing seeds is arranged in the support bin, and a discharge mechanism for adjusting the discharge of different types of seeds stored in the storage bin is arranged on the support bin; a discharge mechanism for quantitative discharge of seeds is arranged at the lower end of the support bin, and a sowing pipe is connected to the outlet of the discharge mechanism, and the outlet of the sowing pipe is located in front of the soil mixing pulley.

[0007] Preferably, the discharge port of the fertilizer bin is provided with a plurality of fertilizer funnels for directional discharge of fertilizer, and the outlet of the fertilizer funnel is in an annular structure, so that the fertilizer is separated from the seeds.

[0008] Preferably, the storage bin comprises a square bin body fixedly arranged in the support bin, a V-shaped bin body is arranged at the bottom of the square bin body, a seed discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped bin body, and the discharge mechanism is installed on the outer periphery of the V-shaped bin body for adjusting the size of the seed discharge port to adapt to the discharge of seeds of different particle sizes.

[0009] Preferably, the discharge mechanism comprises two groups of baffle guide rails fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the V-shaped bin body, two groups of discharge baffles are slidably arranged between the baffle guide rails and the V-shaped bin body, the two groups of discharge baffles are distributed in a V shape, and the spacing of the V-shaped bottom is adjusted by sliding the discharge baffles to adapt to the discharge of seeds of different specifications.

[0010] Preferably, the discharge mechanism further comprises a driving gear and a driven gear rotatably installed on the inner wall of the support bin, the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed and connected, a transmission rack is fixedly arranged on each of the two groups of discharge baffles, the driving gear and the driven gear are respectively meshed and connected with the transmission racks on the same side, a discharge motor is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the support bin, and the discharge motor is used to drive the driving gear to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, the discharge mechanism comprises a receiving hopper fixedly installed at the lower end of the support bin for receiving the seeds falling from the storage bin, the receiving hopper is provided with a plurality of receiving hoppers corresponding to the number of sowing pipes, a discharge valve body is arranged at the outlet of the receiving hopper, and a valve body outlet connected with the sowing pipe is arranged at the bottom of the discharge valve body; a valve shaft is rotatably installed on the discharge valve body, a plurality of valve blades arranged in an annular array are arranged on the outer periphery of the valve shaft, and the falling seeds are quantitatively divided into chambers by the plurality of valve blades, so as to ensure uniform sowing of the seeds.

[0012] Preferably, a chamber for temporarily storing a small amount of seeds is formed between adjacent valve blades, and a screening mechanism for screening the seeds in the chamber is arranged in the chamber. The screening mechanism comprises a screening arc plate arranged in the middle of the chamber, a plurality of screening holes for screening seeds are arranged on the screening arc plate, and side baffles are arranged at both ends of the screening arc plate to seal the chamber, so that the valve blade rotates while the seeds roll on the screening arc plate, a screen hole sealing plate is slidably arranged on the side of the screening arc plate close to the valve shaft, and the screen hole sealing plate is used for sealing the screening holes; the screen holes are opened when the chamber is located at a chamber position in front of the inlet of the material dropping valve, and the screen holes are closed when the chamber is rotated to a chamber position in front of the outlet of the valve, so that the screened seeds are prevented from falling back and continue to complete the sowing.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting shaft is rotatably arranged on the side baffle, an adjusting gear is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft, the screen hole sealing plate is fixedly connected on the connecting shaft through a sealing plate support, an external gear rack and an internal gear rack for driving the adjusting gear to rotate are arranged on the inner side of the end cover of the material dropping valve, and the gear teeth of the external gear rack and the internal gear rack are opposite to each other, so that the connecting shaft is driven to rotate in the positive direction and the reverse direction respectively, the reciprocating driving of the screen hole sealing plate is realized, and the on-off of the screening holes is controlled.

[0014] Preferably, a stirring support is arranged on the upper end of the storage bin, and a stirring mechanism for preventing the seeds from being blocked is arranged on the stirring support; the stirring mechanism comprises a plurality of stirring shafts which are slidably connected to the stirring support, a square bin body is fixedly connected to the upper end of a plurality of V-shaped bin bodies, a plurality of stirring supporting rods are arranged on the lower part of the stirring shaft, the stirring supporting rods are stirred in the seeds by the lifting movement of the stirring shaft, and the blocking of the seeds is avoided.

[0015] Preferably, a driving mechanism for providing driving for the material dropping mechanism and the stirring mechanism is arranged on the support bin; the driving mechanism comprises a driving shaft connected to a plurality of valve shafts, a driving motor for driving the driving shaft to rotate is fixedly installed on the support bin, a linkage shaft is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the support bin, the linkage shaft is in transmission connection with the driving shaft through a belt transmission member, a linkage turntable is fixedly installed on the linkage shaft, a turntable pin shaft is fixedly arranged on the linkage turntable close to the edge position, a linkage connecting rod is rotatably installed on the turntable pin shaft, and the linkage connecting rod is rotatably connected to a stirring connecting plate through a stirring pin shaft at the end away from the turntable pin shaft.

[0016] The present application has the advantages that the adjustable discharging mechanism is arranged to adapt to different seed types, the quantitative sowing is realized in combination with the material dropping mechanism, the problem of uneven sowing caused by the difference in seed types is effectively solved, the problem of uneven sowing caused by the difference in seed types of hybrid rice seeds is solved, precision sowing is realized, the uniformity of sowing and the emergence rate are improved, and the phenomenon of lack of seedlings and broken ridges is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the whole application; Figure 2 is an axonometric structural schematic diagram of the whole application; Figure 3 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the seeding hopper of the application; Figure 4 is an axonometric structural schematic diagram of the seeding hopper of the application; Figure 5 is a front structural schematic diagram of the seeding hopper of the application; Figure 6 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the application in A-A direction; Figure 5 Figure 7 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the application at A; Figure 6 Figure 8 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the application in B-B direction; Figure 5 Figure 9 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the application at B; Figure 8 Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the installation of the screening mechanism of the application; Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the screening arc plate of the application.

[0019] In the figure: 1, main body frame; 2, pressing groove mechanism; 3, soil mixing pulley; 4, moving roller; 5, fertilizer bin; 6, fertilizer hopper; 7, seeding hopper; 71, supporting bin; 72, storage bin; 721, square bin body; 722, V-shaped bin body; 73, discharging mechanism; 731, discharging motor; 732, driving gear; 733, driven gear; 734, transmission rack; 735, discharging baffle; 736, baffle guide rail; 74, material falling mechanism; 741, material receiving hopper; 742, material falling valve body; 743, valve body outlet; 744, valve body shaft; 745, valve body blade; 746, screening mechanism; 7461, screening arc plate; 7462, screening hole; 7463, side baffle; 7464, screening hole sealing plate; 7465, sealing plate support; 747, adjusting gear; 748, outer rack; 749, inner rack; 75, driving mechanism; 751, driving motor; 752, driving shaft; 753, belt transmission member; 754, linkage shaft; 755, linkage turntable; 756, turntable pin shaft; 757, linkage connecting rod; 758, stirring pin shaft; 76, stirring support; 77, stirring mechanism; 771, stirring connecting plate; 772, stirring shaft; 773, stirring support rod; 8, seeding tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] ​​​​Clearly, the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-11 The present application is a kind of multi-grain type adapted rice precision strip sowing device, comprising: The main frame 1 is the installation main body of the strip sowing device; The groove pressing mechanism 2 is installed at the lower part of the main frame 1, which is used to press the groove of the seedling tray before sowing; The soil closing pulley 3 is installed at the lower part of the main frame 1 and located behind the groove pressing mechanism 2, which is used to close the soil after sowing; The moving roller 4 is installed at the lower part of the main frame 1, which is used to drive the device to move; The fertilizer bin 5 is installed at the upper part of the main frame 1, which is used to add fertilizer after soil turning; The sowing material bin 7 is installed at the upper part of the main frame 1, which stores the seeds to be sown, and is used to quantitatively spread the seeds; The sowing material bin 7 includes a support bin 71 fixedly arranged on the upper part of the main frame 1, a storage bin 72 for storing seeds is arranged in the support bin 71, and a discharging mechanism 73 for adjusting the discharging of different grain type seeds stored in the storage bin 72 is arranged on the support bin 71; a discharging mechanism 74 for quantitatively discharging seeds is arranged at the lower end of the support bin 71, the outlet of the discharging mechanism 74 is connected with a sowing pipe 8, and the outlet of the sowing pipe 8 is located in front of the soil closing pulley 3.

[0022] In practical applications, the main frame 1 can be understood as the basic structure of the entire device, which mainly provides a stable mounting platform to ensure that various functional components can work together. For example, the main frame 1 can be made of a metal frame structure or a high-strength composite material to meet the strength and stability requirements of the device during field operation. The soil pulley 3 can be achieved through an arc-shaped plate or a soil compacting component with flexible material, which serves to cover the sown seeds in the soil to prevent the seeds from being exposed to the surface. The fertilizer bin 5 can be designed as a funnel or a box structure, with a partition plate or a multi-channel flow guide device inside to achieve uniform distribution of fertilizer. The storage bin 72 in the seeding bin 7 can be implemented in various shapes such as cylindrical or square structures, with an inclined bottom plate or a vibration device inside to facilitate seed flow. The discharge mechanism 73 can be implemented in structures such as sliding baffles, rotary valves, or elastic clamps to adjust the size of the discharge opening to adapt to seeds of different particle sizes. The dropping mechanism 74 can be achieved through a rotating disc distributor, a vibrating screen, or an air flow control device to ensure the consistency of the amount of material dropped each time, thereby achieving uniform sowing of seeds.

[0023] In the actual use of agricultural production, the seedling tray generally needs to press out 14, 16, 18, or 20 sowing grooves. The reason for pressing out these different numbers of sowing grooves is that different crops and different planting environments require different numbers of sowing grooves. Therefore, the number of pressing wheels of the slot pressing mechanism 2 needs to be adjusted according to the actual sowing requirements. In order to more efficiently and conveniently adjust the number of pressing wheels, the pressing wheels are designed to be detachable. This detachable design allows the operator to easily adjust the number of pressing wheels when facing different sowing requirements, thereby better meeting the diversified needs in actual production.

[0024] The innovation of the present application is to design a multi-grain type adaptive rice precision drilling device, which solves the problem that the existing drilling machine cannot adjust the discharge speed according to the seed grain type and cannot ensure the sowing quantity. Specifically, the coordinated work of the discharge mechanism 73 and the dropping mechanism 74 realizes the accurate sowing of different grain type seeds, thereby improving the adaptability and accuracy of sowing. In addition, the device realizes the complete sowing process from soil loosening to compaction through reasonable structure layout and cooperation of functional modules, further improving the sowing efficiency and quality.

[0025] The working principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the main rack 1 serves as the installation basis of the entire device, the pressing groove mechanism 2 is arranged at the lower part of the main rack 1, and is used for loosening the soil before sowing, so as to improve the looseness of the soil and provide suitable soil conditions for subsequent seed sowing. The soil closing pulley 3 is located behind the pressing groove mechanism 2 and is also installed at the lower part of the main rack 1, and its function is to close the soil after seed sowing to cover the seeds to prevent them from being exposed or displaced, and to ensure that the seeds can be fixed at the predetermined position.

[0026] The fertilizer bin 5 is arranged at the upper part of the main rack 1 and is used for adding fertilizer after the soil is loosened to provide necessary nutrient support for the growth of the seeds. The sowing bin 7 is also installed at the upper part of the main rack 1, and the seeds to be sown are stored in it, and quantitative sowing is realized through a specific structure. Specifically, the sowing bin 7 includes a supporting bin 71, a storage bin 72, a discharging mechanism 73 and a dropping mechanism 74. Among them, the supporting bin 71 is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the main rack 1 to provide a structural framework for the sowing bin 7; the storage bin 72 is arranged in the supporting bin 71 and is used for storing seeds and serving as a seed supply source. The discharging mechanism 73 is arranged on the supporting bin 71 and is used for adjusting the discharging speed of different particle types of seeds in the storage bin 72, and by adjusting the size of the discharging port to adapt to seeds of different particle sizes, the problem that the discharging speed cannot be adjusted according to the particle type of the seeds in the prior art is solved.

[0027] The dropping mechanism 74 is arranged at the lower end of the supporting bin 71 and is used for quantitative dropping of the seeds to ensure the consistency of the dropping amount each time, thereby realizing uniform sowing. The outlet of the dropping mechanism 74 is connected with the sowing pipe 8, and the outlet of the sowing pipe 8 is located in front of the soil closing pulley 3 to ensure that the seeds can be accurately sown into the soil before the soil is closed. Thus, the entire device realizes the operation process of soil pressing, fertilizer adding, seed sowing and soil closing through the cooperation of the pressing groove mechanism 2, the fertilizer bin 5, the sowing bin 7, the soil closing pulley 3 and the moving roller 4.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the discharging mechanism 73 and the dropping mechanism 74 jointly realize the precision strip sowing function of different particle types of seeds. The discharging mechanism 73 adjusts the discharging speed of the seeds in the storage bin 72 to solve the problem of uneven sowing quantity caused by the difference in particle type of the seeds in the prior art; the dropping mechanism 74 further ensures the accuracy of the sowing quantity by quantitative dropping of the seeds. For example, in the actual operation process, when the particle type of the seeds in the storage bin 72 changes, the discharging mechanism 73 can adapt to the new particle type by adjusting the size of the discharging port, and at the same time, the dropping mechanism 74 remains quantitative dropping, thereby realizing accurate sowing of different particle types of seeds. The design of the entire device effectively solves the technical problems that the existing strip sower cannot adjust the discharging speed according to the particle type and cannot ensure the sowing quantity, and significantly improves the sowing effect and quality.

[0029] Furthermore, the fertilizer bin 5 is equipped with several fertilizer funnels 6 for directional discharge of fertilizer, and the outlet of the fertilizer funnel 6 is a ring structure, which separates the fertilizer from the seeds.

[0030] Specifically, the fertilizer funnel 6 refers to a flow guiding device with a specific geometric shape, which can be implemented using a conical, cylindrical, or other guiding structure. In practical applications, the design of the fertilizer funnel 6 needs to ensure that the fertilizer flows along a predetermined path, preventing it from scattering randomly. The annular structure refers to the closed or nearly closed annular design of the outlet portion of the fertilizer funnel 6, which can be achieved through integral molding or modular assembly. The purpose of introducing this annular structure is to distribute the fertilizer evenly around the seeds through geometric characteristics, thereby forming a physical isolation zone and preventing the fertilizer from directly contacting the seeds.

[0031] In detail, the fertilizer bin 5's outlet utilizes multiple fertilizer funnels 6 to achieve precise guidance and directional discharge of fertilizer. The annular outlet design of the fertilizer funnels 6 ensures that the fertilizer is evenly distributed in a ring shape around the seed landing point during sowing. This design not only guarantees the fertilizer's diffusion range in the soil but also effectively avoids direct coverage of seeds by high-concentration fertilizer, thereby reducing the risk of chemical damage. Furthermore, the combination of the annular outlet and directional discharge further optimizes the spatial distribution relationship between fertilizer and seeds, improving sowing quality and crop germination stability. Based on this, this technical solution, together with the main frame 1, the grooving mechanism 2, and the seed hopper 7, forms a complete row sowing system that meets the sowing needs of different seed sizes and solves the technical problem of mixing fertilizer and seeds during sowing.

[0032] Through the above technical solutions, fertilizer and seeds can be effectively separated, significantly improving sowing quality and increasing crop germination rate and growth stability.

[0033] Furthermore, the storage bin 72 includes a square bin 721 fixedly installed in the support bin 71. The bottom of the square bin 721 is provided with a V-shaped bin 722. The bottom of the V-shaped bin 722 is provided with a seed outlet. The discharge mechanism 73 is installed on the outer periphery of the V-shaped bin 722 to adjust the size of the seed outlet to adapt to the discharge of seeds of different particle sizes.

[0034] In practical applications, the square bin body 721 refers to a storage structure with a regular geometric shape, which can be designed with a rectangular, square, or other regular polygonal cross-section, aiming to provide uniform storage space for seeds and ensure stable connection with the supporting bin 71. Among them, the V-shaped bin body 722 can be understood as a structure with an inclined wall surface, which guides the seeds to converge to the center through the design of the inclination angle, which can be optimized and adjusted according to the flow characteristics of the seeds. Specifically, the seed discharge port refers to a minimum cross-sectional area at the bottom of the V-shaped bin body 722, which can be dynamically changed in opening and closing degree by mechanical adjusting devices to match the flow requirements of seeds of different particle sizes, aiming to achieve precise discharge control. In addition, the discharge mechanism 73 is installed on the outer periphery of the V-shaped bin body 722, which can adjust the size of the seed discharge port through sliding, rotating, or telescoping, etc., to adapt to the sowing requirements of seeds of various particle sizes.

[0035] Specifically, the above scheme optimizes the seed flow path and discharge control mechanism through the combined design of the square bin body 721 and the V-shaped bin body 722. The square bin body 721 serves as the main storage area for seeds, and its regular geometric shape ensures stable connection with the supporting bin 71 and provides uniform distribution of the upper space for seeds, avoiding seed accumulation or uneven flow caused by structural deformation. The inclined wall surface of the V-shaped bin body 722 uses gravity to guide the seeds to naturally converge to the center, eliminating the problem of seed bridging or stagnation in traditional straight silos, making the seed flow more continuous and concentrated. The seed discharge port is located at the bottom of the V-shaped bin body 722, serving as the minimum cross-sectional point of seed flow, which can highly concentrate the seed flow, facilitating precise adjustment by the discharge mechanism 73. The discharge mechanism 73 is installed on the outer periphery of the V-shaped bin body 722, which can dynamically adjust the opening and closing degree of the discharge port according to the particle size characteristics of the seeds, thereby achieving micron-level precision discharge control. Based on the above design, the seeds are uniformly stressed and directionally controllable during flow, making the adjustment action of the discharge mechanism 73 more efficient and accurate, effectively solving the problem of uneven sowing caused by differences in seed particle size. At the same time, this scheme forms a close functional cooperation with the supporting bin 71 and the discharge mechanism 73, further improving the precision and consistency of sowing.

[0036] Through the above technical scheme, the present application realizes accurate sowing control of seeds of different particle sizes, significantly improves the uniformity and growth efficiency of hybrid rice sowing, and avoids sowing quality problems caused by seed accumulation or uneven flow.

[0037] Further, the discharging mechanism 73 includes two groups of baffle guide rails 736 fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the V-shaped bin body 722, and two groups of discharging baffles 735 are slidingly arranged between the baffle guide rails 736 and the V-shaped bin body 722. The two groups of discharging baffles 735 are V-shapedly distributed, and the spacing of the V-shaped bottom is adjusted by sliding the discharging baffles 735 to adapt to the discharging of seeds of different specifications.

[0038] Specifically, the baffle guide rail 736 refers to a structure that provides a guide path for the discharging baffle 735, which can be implemented by using a linear guide rail, a dovetail groove guide rail or other forms of sliding rail, with the purpose of ensuring that the discharging baffle 735 maintains a stable and accurate trajectory during movement. The discharging baffle 735 is a key component for adjusting the size of the discharge port, which can be made of metal plate, plastic plate or other materials with certain rigidity, with the purpose of adapting to the sowing needs of seeds of different particle sizes by changing the spacing of the V-shaped bottom. The V-shaped distribution design is to match the geometric shape of the V-shaped bin body 722, so as to ensure uniform adjustment of the discharge port.

[0039] In detail, the scheme provides a stable guide path for the discharging baffle 735 by fixing the baffle guide rail 736 on the outer wall of the V-shaped bin body 722, avoiding the deviation or jamming phenomenon during movement, making the adjustment operation more smooth and reliable. The sliding connection between the baffle guide rail 736 and the V-shaped bin body 722 realizes stepless displacement adjustment function, without the need to replace parts to cover a variety of seed particle size range, significantly improving the adaptation flexibility. The two groups of discharging baffles 735 are V-shapedly distributed, closely matching the geometric shape of the bottom of the V-shaped bin body 722. When the spacing is adjusted, the discharge port can uniformly contract or expand, preventing the seeds from being blocked due to local narrowness, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the seed flow. In addition, by directly adjusting the spacing of the V-shaped bottom through the sliding discharging baffle 735, the user can intuitively and quickly set the size of the discharge port, which is simple and quick in operation, avoiding the cumbersome steps of traditional mechanical adjustment. Finally, the design realizes accurate control of the seed discharge port in a mechanical linkage manner, ensuring that seeds of different specifications can obtain matched sowing amount, thereby effectively solving the problem of inaccurate adaptation of the discharge port, improving the overall sowing quality and adaptability of the drill.

[0040] Through the above technical scheme, not only the problem of lack of flexibility and accuracy of the discharging mechanism when adjusting the size of the discharge port is solved, but also the sowing precision and work efficiency are significantly improved, providing reliable technical support for precision sowing of seeds of multiple particle types.

[0041] Further, the discharging mechanism 73 further comprises a driving gear 732 and a driven gear 733 rotatably installed on the inner wall of the support bin 71, the driving gear 732 and the driven gear 733 are meshed and connected, and two groups of discharging baffles 735 are fixedly provided with transmission racks 734, the driving gear 732 and the driven gear 733 are respectively meshed and connected with the transmission racks 734 on the same side, and a discharging motor 731 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the support bin 71, and the discharging motor 731 is used to drive the driving gear 732 to rotate.

[0042] Specifically, the driving gear 732 refers to the core component for transmitting power through rotary motion, which can adopt a spur gear, a helical gear or a bevel gear structure to realize. The driven gear 733 refers to an auxiliary component for completing power transmission in cooperation with the driving gear 732, which can realize meshing transmission through the same gear type as the driving gear 732. The transmission rack 734 refers to a key component for converting the rotary motion of the gear into linear motion, which can adopt the form of a straight rack or a helical rack, with the purpose of ensuring that the sliding adjustment of the discharging baffle 735 has high precision and stability. The discharging motor 731 refers to a power source for providing driving force for the entire system, which can adopt types such as a stepper motor, a servo motor or a DC motor, with the purpose of realizing automatic control and improving adjustment efficiency.

[0043] In detail, the technical scheme drives the driving gear 732 to rotate through the discharging motor 731, the driving gear 732 and the driven gear 733 form meshing transmission, thereby driving the transmission racks 734 on both sides to move synchronously. The movement of the transmission rack 734 directly acts on the discharging baffle 735, so that it slides along the baffle guide rail 736, and then adjusts the distance at the bottom of the V-shaped bin body 722. This design not only realizes adaptive adjustment of different particle sizes of seeds, but also ensures the synchronism and symmetry of the discharging baffles 735 on both sides through the linkage mechanism of the gear and the rack. In addition, the introduction of the discharging motor 731 makes the entire adjustment process unnecessary for manual intervention, significantly improving the work efficiency and adjustment accuracy. Through the above technical scheme, the problem of position deviation or insufficient synchronism in manual adjustment mode is solved, ensuring the uniformity and quantity accuracy of seed sowing, and finally improving the overall quality of hybrid rice precision strip seeding.

[0044] Further, the discharging mechanism 73 further comprises a driving gear 732 and a driven gear 733 rotatably installed on the inner wall of the support bin 71, the driving gear 732 and the driven gear 733 are meshed and connected, and two groups of discharging baffles 735 are fixedly provided with transmission racks 734, the driving gear 732 and the driven gear 733 are respectively meshed and connected with the transmission racks 734 on the same side, and a discharging motor 731 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the support bin 71, and the discharging motor 731 is used to drive the driving gear 732 to rotate.

[0045] Specifically, the seed receiving hopper 741 refers to a structure for receiving and temporarily storing seeds falling from the seed storage bin 72, which can be made of metal or high-strength plastic material, and its purpose is to ensure that the seeds can stably enter the subsequent seed dropping system. The seed dropping valve body 742 can be understood as a key component for controlling the flow of seeds, and its internal structure design needs to meet the demand for precise regulation of seed flow, which can be achieved through mechanical transmission or electronic control to realize its opening and closing function. The design purpose of the valve body blade 745 is to divide the seeds into multiple independent chambers, and the number and shape can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to the sowing requirements of different grain type seeds.

[0046] In detail, this scheme uniformly distributes seeds to multiple channels through the seed receiving hopper 741, avoiding the problem of local accumulation caused by single-point seed dropping. The connection between the seed receiving hopper 741 and the seed dropping valve body 742 forms a stable seed conveying path, effectively preventing seed loss or blockage during transfer. The valve body blade 745 arranged in an annular array on the valve body shaft 744 divides the seeds into multiple independent chambers with fixed volumes when rotating, and the volume of each chamber is consistent, thereby realizing the precise chambering and quantitative sowing of seeds. This design makes the seed sowing amount no longer dependent on the free falling speed, but controlled by the chamber volume and rotation rhythm, significantly improving the reliability and sowing quality of hybrid rice precision strip seeding. In addition, this scheme cooperates with the structure of the support bin 71 and the seed storage bin 72, further optimizing the performance of the overall seeding system.

[0047] Through the above technical scheme, the problems of unstable flow and inaccurate quantity caused by the lack of precise control mechanism for different grain type seeds are solved, and the seeding uniformity and overall seeding quality are significantly improved.

[0048] Further, the chambers formed between adjacent valve body blades 745 temporarily store a small amount of seeds, and a screening mechanism 746 is arranged in the chamber for screening the seeds; the screening mechanism 746 includes a screening arc plate 7461 arranged at the middle of the chamber, a plurality of screening holes 7462 for screening seeds are arranged on the screening arc plate 7461, and side baffles 7463 are arranged at both ends of the screening arc plate 7461 to seal the chamber, so that the valve body blade 745 rotates while the seeds roll on the screening arc plate 7461, and a screen hole sealing plate 7464 is arranged on the side of the screening arc plate 7461 close to the valve body shaft 744 to block the screening holes 7462, the screening holes 7462 are opened when the chamber is located at a chamber position in front of the inlet of the seed dropping valve body 742, and are closed when the chamber is located at a chamber position in front of the valve body outlet 743, preventing the screened seeds from falling back and continuing to be sown.

[0049] Specifically, the chamber refers to a closed space surrounded by adjacent valve body blades 745, which can be realized by different shapes or sizes of blade design. The screening mechanism 746 can be various structural forms integrated inside the chamber, such as a flat plate with holes, a mesh structure, etc., which aims to dynamically screen the seeds. The screening arc plate 7461 is an arc-shaped structure that utilizes centrifugal force to evenly distribute the seeds and improve screening efficiency. The side baffle 7463 is used to seal both ends of the chamber to prevent seed leakage and ensure that the screening process is completed in a closed environment. The sieve hole sealing plate 7464 controls the opening and closing of the screening hole 7462 by sliding, which aims to accurately control the screening timing according to the position change of the chamber.

[0050] Specifically, the above scheme realizes the simultaneous quantitative and screening of seeds through the combination of the chamber and the screening mechanism 746. The chamber serves as a temporary storage space for seeds, and its design facilitates the embedding of screening functions, avoiding the impact of seed accumulation on screening efficiency. The screening arc plate 7461 utilizes its arc-shaped structure to naturally distribute the seeds and fully contact the screening holes 7462 under the action of centrifugal force generated during the rotation of the valve body blades 745, thereby improving the uniformity of screening. The side baffle 7463 seals both ends of the chamber to ensure that the screening process is not disturbed by external interference. The sieve hole sealing plate 7464 controls the opening and closing of the screening hole 7462 according to the position change of the chamber, opens the screening hole 7462 when the chamber is located at a position before the inlet of the material falling valve body 742 to timely remove impurities, and closes the screening hole 7462 when it is rotated to a position before the valve body outlet 743 to prevent the screened seeds from falling back or mixing with impurities before sowing. The entire mechanism realizes precise control of the screening timing through the linkage of the chamber position and the opening and closing of the sieve hole, thereby ensuring the quality and uniformity of the sown seeds.

[0051] In addition, the above scheme closely cooperates with other components of the material falling mechanism 74. For example, the connection between the material receiving hopper 741 and the material falling valve body 742 ensures that the seeds can smoothly enter the chamber, and the rotation of the valve body blades 745 provides the power source for screening. This design not only optimizes the quantitative sowing process of seeds, but also significantly improves the sowing quality through dynamic screening, solving the sowing problems caused by seed impurities.

[0052] Further, the side baffle 7463 is rotationally provided with a connecting shaft, the adjusting gear 747 is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft, the sieve hole sealing plate 7464 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft through the sealing plate support 7465, the outer gear rack 748 and the inner gear rack 749 for driving the adjusting gear 747 to rotate are arranged on the inner side of the end cover of the material falling valve body 742, and the teeth of the outer gear rack 748 and the inner gear rack 749 are oppositely directed, respectively driving the connecting shaft to rotate forward and reverse, realizing the reciprocating drive of the sieve hole sealing plate 7464, and thereby controlling the on-off of the screening hole 7462.

[0053] Specifically, the connecting shaft refers to a support structure that can rotate around its own axis, which can be realized by a cylindrical shaft body made of metal material. In practical application, the connecting shaft serves as the rotation fulcrum of the sieve hole sealing plate 7464, ensuring that it can move stably based on the fixed side baffle 7463, avoiding positioning deviation caused by valve body rotation. The adjusting gear 747 refers to a disc-shaped component with teeth, which can transmit driving force by meshing with the rack, and its fixed installation ensures the synchronicity and reliability of the rotation process. The sealing plate bracket 7465 is a rigid connecting piece for firmly fixing the sieve hole sealing plate 7464 on the connecting shaft, so that the rotation of the connecting shaft directly translates into the linear sliding of the sieve hole sealing plate 7464. The outer rack 748 and the inner rack 749 are two rack structures with opposite tooth directions, which can be manufactured by injection molding or metal processing, and their tooth direction design realizes the bidirectional driving function of the connecting shaft.

[0054] In detail, the above-mentioned scheme ensures that the sieve hole sealing plate 7464 can accurately control the on-off of the screening hole 7462 during the rotation of the chamber through the opposite tooth direction design of the outer rack 748 and the inner rack 749. When the chamber is located at a position before the inlet of the material falling valve body 742, the adjusting gear 747 meshes with the outer rack 748, driving the connecting shaft to rotate forward, so that the screening hole 7462 is opened for seed screening; when the chamber rotates to a position before the outlet, the adjusting gear 747 meshes with the inner rack 749, driving the connecting shaft to rotate in reverse, so that the screening hole 7462 is closed to prevent the screened seeds from falling back. This automatic reciprocating driving mechanism does not require external sensors or complex control, significantly improving the screening accuracy and seeding quality. In addition, since the end cover is fixed and the rack position is constant, this design makes the driving mechanism unaffected by the valve body rotation, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0055] Through the above technical scheme, the problem of lack of automatic driving mechanism for the sieve hole sealing plate in the screening mechanism is solved, ensuring that the screening hole can be accurately opened or closed according to the position change during the rotation of the chamber, thereby effectively avoiding the inaccuracy of seed screening and the phenomenon of seed falling back after screening, significantly improving the uniformity and quality of seeding.

[0056] Further, the upper end of the storage bin 72 is provided with a stirring support 76, and the stirring support 76 is provided with a stirring mechanism 77 for preventing seed blockage; the stirring mechanism 77 includes a plurality of stirring shafts 772 slidingly connected through the stirring support 76, a square bin body 721 fixedly connected to the upper end of the plurality of V-shaped bin bodies 722, and a plurality of stirring support rods 773 arranged at the lower part of the stirring shaft 772. The stirring shaft 772 is lifted and lowered to drive the stirring support rods 773 to stir inside the seeds, preventing the seeds from being blocked.

[0057] Specifically, the stirring support 76 refers to a structural component that provides a mounting base and support for the stirring mechanism 77, which can be made of a metal frame or high-strength plastic, with the purpose of ensuring the stability and reliability of the stirring mechanism 77 during operation. The stirring mechanism 77 can be understood as a dynamic lifting type stirring device, the core function of which is to maintain seed flowability through mechanical stirring, which can be achieved through the combination of multiple stirring shafts 772 and stirring support rods 773, with the purpose of solving the problem of blockage of the discharge port caused by seed accumulation or caking. The stirring shaft 772 refers to a transmission component with vertical degree of freedom, which can realize lifting movement through sliding bearings or linear guides, with the purpose of adapting to the flowability differences of different particle type seeds and automatically adjusting the stirring range. The stirring support rod 773 refers to a stirring element installed at the lower part of the stirring shaft 772, which can be made of flexible or rigid materials, with the purpose of reciprocating stirring in and out of the seed to break the arching effect and local compaction between seeds.

[0058] In detail, the scheme is fixed to the upper end of the storage bin 72 through the stirring support 76, providing a stable support base for the stirring mechanism 77, thereby avoiding the influence of structural deviation caused by vibration on the stirring effect. The stirring mechanism 77 adopts the design of multiple stirring shafts 772 sliding through the stirring support 76, enabling the stirring shafts 772 to have vertical freedom, which can automatically adjust the stirring range according to the seed accumulation state, especially suitable for the flowability differences of different particle type seeds. The stirring support rod 773 set at the lower part of the stirring shaft 772 stirs deep into the seed, achieving reciprocating motion through lifting movement, which can effectively break the arching effect and local compaction between seeds, preventing the formation of blockage at the connection between the V-shaped bin body 722 and the square bin body 721. The structure of multiple groups of V-shaped bin bodies 722 connected to the square bin body 721 at the upper end, combined with the lifting and stirring of the stirring support rod 773, enables the seed to flow uniformly in the bin body, avoiding dead angle accumulation, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable flow of seeds to the dropping mechanism 74, improving the seeding accuracy. Overall, the design organically combines mechanical stirring with bin body structure, maintaining seed flowability through physical intervention, providing a reliable material basis for subsequent quantitative cavity division of the dropping valve body 742.

[0059] Through the above technical scheme, the problem of blockage of the discharge port caused by seed accumulation or caking in the storage bin is solved, ensuring the stability and continuity of the dropping process and improving the operation reliability of the drill. At the same time, the scheme realizes effective control of seed flowability through the synergistic optimization of the dynamic lifting and stirring of the stirring mechanism 77 and the bin body structure, especially for hybrid rice seeds which are prone to caking, significantly improving the seeding accuracy and uniformity.

[0060] Furthermore, the support chamber 71 is provided with a drive mechanism 75 for driving the material feeding mechanism 74 and the stirring mechanism 77; the drive mechanism 75 includes a drive shaft 752 connecting multiple sets of valve body shafts 744, and a drive motor 751 for driving the drive shaft 752 to rotate is fixedly installed on the support chamber 71; and a linkage shaft 754 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the support chamber 71, the linkage shaft 754 is connected to the drive shaft 752 through a belt drive component 753, a linkage turntable 755 is fixedly installed on the linkage shaft 754, a turntable pin 756 is fixedly provided near the edge of the linkage turntable 755, a linkage connecting rod 757 is rotatably installed on the turntable pin 756, and the end of the linkage connecting rod 757 away from the turntable pin 756 is rotatably connected to the stirring plate 771 through a stirring pin 758.

[0061] The drive mechanism 75 refers to an integrated device capable of simultaneously powering multiple functional components, which can be achieved through gear transmission, chain transmission, or hydraulic transmission. In practical applications, the linkage shaft 754 is a key component that converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion, which can be achieved through an eccentric wheel structure or a crank-slider mechanism. Specifically, the linkage turntable 755, as the core component for motion conversion, converts circular motion into linear displacement through an eccentrically positioned turntable pin 756. This design ensures the accuracy and stability of motion transmission.

[0062] In detail, this solution provides a stable power source through a drive motor 751, and a drive shaft 752 directly connects to multiple valve body shafts 744, enabling the material-discharging valve blades 745 to rotate and dispense quantitatively, ensuring uniform seed dispersal. Simultaneously, the drive shaft 752 transmits the rotational motion to the linkage shaft 754 via a belt drive 753. The linkage turntable 755 on the linkage shaft 754 converts the continuous rotational motion into periodic reciprocating motion. The turntable pin 756 serves as the motion conversion fulcrum, and the linkage rod 757 converts the turntable's circular motion into linear displacement, thereby driving the stirring plate 771 to move up and down. This design achieves synchronous automation of the material discharging and stirring functions, effectively ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the sowing process.

[0063] Building upon this, the flexible connection of the belt drive component 753 ensures smooth motion transmission, preventing impacts from affecting sowing accuracy. Meanwhile, the eccentric structure of the linkage turntable 755 and turntable pin 756 optimizes the stroke control of the reciprocating motion, allowing the mixing depth to adapt to different seed conditions. The unified drive mechanism simplifies the system structure, avoids the coordination difficulties caused by independent drives, and significantly improves the reliability and operational efficiency of the device in complex field environments. Through these technical solutions, the problem of the lack of an automatic drive mechanism in the mixing mechanism is solved, enabling timely and effective resolution of seed clogging during sowing, and improving sowing accuracy and continuity.

[0064] The above has been described in detail one embodiment of the present application, but the content is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, cannot be considered for limiting the scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes and improvements made in the scope of the present application, should still belong to the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A precision row seeding device for rice with multi-grain type adaptation, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a strip sowing device, which comprises a main frame (1) as a mounting main body of the strip sowing device, a groove pressing mechanism (2) installed at the lower part of the main frame (1) for pressing grooves on seedling trays before sowing, a soil closing pulley (3) installed at the lower part of the main frame (1) and located behind the groove pressing mechanism (2) for closing soil after sowing, a moving roller (4) installed at the lower part of the main frame (1) for driving the device to move, a fertilizer bin (5) installed at the upper part of the main frame (1) for adding fertilizer after soil turning, and a sowing material bin (7) installed at the upper part of the main frame (1) and storing seeds to be sown for quantitatively sowing the seeds. The sowing material bin (7) comprises a supporting bin (71) fixedly arranged at the upper part of the main frame (1), a storage bin (72) arranged in the supporting bin (71) for storing seeds, and a discharging mechanism (73) arranged on the supporting bin (71) for adjusting the discharging of different types of seeds in the storage bin (72). The lower end of the supporting bin (71) is provided with a discharging mechanism (74) for quantitatively discharging seeds, and the outlet of the discharging mechanism (74) is connected with a sowing pipe (8) whose outlet is located in front of the soil closing pulley (3). The outlet of the fertilizer bin (5) is provided with a plurality of fertilizer hoppers (6) for directing the discharge of fertilizer, and the outlet of the fertilizer hopper (6) is in the form of a ring so as to separate the fertilizer from the seeds. The storage bin (72) comprises a square bin body (721) fixedly arranged in the supporting bin (71), a V-shaped bin body (722) arranged at the bottom of the square bin body (721), a seed discharging port arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped bin body (722), and the discharging mechanism (73) installed on the outer periphery of the V-shaped bin body (722) for adjusting the size of the seed discharging port to adapt to the discharging of seeds of different sizes. The discharging mechanism (73) comprises two groups of baffle guide rails (736) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the V-shaped bin body (722), two groups of discharging baffles (735) slidably arranged between the baffle guide rails (736) and the V-shaped bin body (722), and the two groups of discharging baffles (735) are in V-shaped distribution. The distance between the V-shaped bottoms is adjusted by sliding the discharging baffles (735) to adapt to the discharging of seeds of different specifications. The discharging mechanism (73) further comprises a driving gear (732) and a driven gear (733) rotatably installed on the inner wall of the supporting bin (71), the driving gear (732) and the driven gear (733) are in meshing connection, each of the two groups of discharging baffles (735) is fixedly provided with a transmission rack (734), the driving gear (732) and the driven gear (733) are in meshing connection with the transmission racks (734) on the same side, respectively, a discharging motor (731) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the supporting bin (71), and the discharging motor (731) is used for driving the driving gear (732) to rotate. ​ ​ 2. A multi-granule adapted precision rice drill as claimed in claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. A multi-granule adapted precision rice drill as claimed in claim 1 wherein, ​ 4. A multi-granule adapted precision rice drill as claimed in claim 1, wherein, ​ 5. A multi-granule adapted precision rice drill as claimed in claim 4 wherein, ​ 6. A multi-granule adapted precision rice drill as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The seed dropping mechanism (74) comprises a receiving hopper (741) fixedly installed at the lower end of the supporting bin (71) for receiving the seeds dropped from the storage bin (72), the receiving hopper (741) is provided with a plurality of receiving hoppers corresponding to the number of the seeding pipes (8), the outlet of the receiving hopper (741) is provided with a seed dropping valve body (742), the bottom of the seed dropping valve body (742) is provided with a valve body outlet (743) connected with the seeding pipe (8); the seed dropping valve body (742) is rotatably installed with a valve body shaft (744), the outer periphery of the valve body shaft (744) is provided with a plurality of valve body blades (745) arranged in an annular array, the seeds falling are quantitatively divided into chambers by the plurality of valve body blades (745), so as to ensure uniform sowing of the seeds.

7. A multi-granule adapted precision rice drill as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The chambers formed between adjacent valve body blades (745) temporarily store a small amount of seeds, and the chambers are provided with a screening mechanism (746) for screening the seeds inside; The screening mechanism (746) comprises a screening arc plate (7461) provided in the middle of the chamber, the screening arc plate (7461) is provided with a plurality of screening holes (7462) for screening the seeds, and both ends of the screening arc plate (7461) are provided with side baffles (7463) to seal the chamber, so that the valve body blades (745) rotate while the seeds roll on the screening arc plate (7461), the side of the screening arc plate (7461) close to the valve body shaft (744) is slidably provided with a screen hole sealing plate (7464) for sealing the screening holes (7462), the screening holes (7462) are opened when the chamber is located at a chamber position in front of the inlet of the seed dropping valve body (742), and are closed when the chamber is rotated to a chamber position in front of the valve body outlet (743), so as to prevent the screened seeds from falling back and continue to be sown.

8. A multi-granule adapted precision rice drill as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The side baffles (7463) are rotatably provided with a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is fixedly installed with an adjusting gear (747), the screen hole sealing plate (7464) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft through a sealing plate support (7465), the inner side of the end cover of the seed dropping valve body (742) is provided with an outer rack (748) and an inner rack (749) for driving the adjusting gear (747) to rotate, and the teeth of the outer rack (748) and the inner rack (749) are opposite, so as to drive the connecting shaft to rotate forward and reverse respectively, so as to reciprocatingly drive the screen hole sealing plate (7464), thereby controlling the on-off of the screening holes (7462).

9. A multi-granule adapted precision rice drill as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The upper end of the storage bin (72) is provided with a stirring support (76), and the stirring support (76) is provided with a stirring mechanism (77) for preventing the seeds from being blocked; the stirring mechanism (77) comprises a plurality of stirring shafts (772) slidably penetratingly connected to the stirring support (76), and the upper end of each of the plurality of V-shaped bin bodies (722) is fixedly connected with a square bin body (721); the lower part of the stirring shaft (772) is provided with a plurality of stirring support rods (773), the stirring shaft (772) is lifted and moved to stir the stirring support rods (773) in the seeds, so as to avoid the seeds from being blocked.

10. A multi-granule adapted precision rice drill as claimed in claim 9 wherein, The support bin (71) is provided with a driving mechanism (75) for driving the blanking mechanism (74) and the stirring mechanism (77); the driving mechanism (75) comprises a driving shaft (752) connected with a plurality of valve body shafts (744), a driving motor (751) for driving the driving shaft (752) to rotate is fixedly installed on the support bin (71); and a linkage shaft (754) is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the support bin (71), the linkage shaft (754) is in transmission connection with the driving shaft (752) through a belt transmission member (753), a linkage turntable (755) is fixedly installed on the linkage shaft (754), a turntable pin shaft (756) is fixedly arranged on the linkage turntable (755) close to the edge position, a linkage connecting rod (757) is rotatably installed on the turntable pin shaft (756), and the end of the linkage connecting rod (757) away from the turntable pin shaft (756) is rotatably connected with a stirring connecting plate (771) through a stirring pin shaft (758).

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