Soil termite attractant as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of prevention and control of soil termites, in particular to a soil termite attractant as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) taking camphor tree barks and / or eucalyptus barks as raw materials, and extracting by adopting a mixed solvent containing ethanol, diethyl ether, ethanone, water and normal hexane; and (2) filtering the leach liquor obtained in the step (1), and drying the filtrate to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition. The attractant for the soil-dwelling termites is added into common bait for the soil-dwelling termites, so that the common bait can attract the soil-dwelling termites for feeding in a long distance, the appetite of the soil-dwelling termites can be increased, the feeding amount of the soil-dwelling termites in unit time can be increased, and the purpose of accurately and quickly monitoring the soil-dwelling termites or killing the soil-dwelling termites is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil-dwelling termite control technology, specifically to a soil-dwelling termite attractant, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In the control of subterranean termites, a technique of attracting termites is employed. The termites are lured into a device (attractor tube, attractor box, attractor piling, attractor pile) and then sprayed with a special termite-specific pesticide. Alternatively, bait is placed for the termite colony to feed on naturally (containing the pesticide). The termites carry the chronically infectious pesticide into their nest through their movements. When the pesticide accumulates to a lethal dose for the entire colony, the termites' habit of licking each other causes infection, ultimately killing the entire colony. With the continuous development and advancement of science and technology, "AI intelligent devices" and "termite-trapping tube (box, piling) devices" all rely on this crucial termite-attracting process.

[0003] Domestically and internationally, natural materials are typically chosen as bait for controlling soil-dwelling termites, such as sugarcane bagasse, pine wood, eucalyptus bark, and straw. While these materials have some attraction and are edible for termites, their attraction and feeding ability are not strong. The feeding rate and radius of these baits are relatively small, resulting in a small amount of termite food consumed per unit time. When applied to "AI smart devices" and "bait baits," their ability to attract termites is insufficient, preventing the devices from achieving their required capabilities. Consequently, they cannot accurately and quickly predict the distribution of termite damage, and the termite-killing effect is unlikely to meet the requirement of completely eliminating termite infestations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a termite attractant, its preparation method, and its application. When this termite attractant is added to ordinary termite bait, it can increase the attraction of termites to the bait over long distances, increase the termites' appetite, and increase the amount of food consumed by termites per unit time, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately and quickly monitoring or eliminating termites.

[0005] Specifically, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for preparing a soil-dwelling termite attractant includes the following steps: (1) Using camphor bark and / or eucalyptus bark as raw materials, extraction is carried out using a mixed solvent containing ethanol, diethyl ether, ethyl ketone, water and n-hexane; (2) Filter the extract obtained in step (1) and dry the filtrate to obtain the final product.

[0006] Camphor bark and eucalyptus bark contain "food-attracting substances" for soil-dwelling termites. This invention uses a specific mixed solvent of ethanol, diethyl ether, ethyl ketone, water, and n-hexane for extraction. During extraction, each solvent fully utilizes its selectivity, which greatly increases the content of "food-attracting substances" in the resulting extract, thereby enhancing its attraction to soil-dwelling termites.

[0007] Preferably, the raw material is a mixture of camphor bark and eucalyptus bark in a 1:1 mass ratio. Studies have found that the termite attractant extracted from both camphor and eucalyptus bark contains 17.8-26.5% pectin, 12.2%-16.7% ethyl acetate, 2.5-3.8% fruit acids, and other olefins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These organic materials are all food sources that termites love. When combined, they have a synergistic effect. Compared to using camphor bark or eucalyptus bark alone, the resulting aroma is much more attractive to termites.

[0008] Preferably, the raw material is crushed to 800-1000 mesh before extraction.

[0009] Preferably, the mixed solution comprises, by volume fraction: 40-49% ethanol, 1-3% diethyl ether, 2-4% acetone, 45-50% water and 2-3% n-hexane.

[0010] Preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio of the raw material to the mixed solvent is 1g:2mL.

[0011] Preferably, the extraction process involves adding the raw material to a mixed solvent and stirring for at least 48 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the filter uses an 800-1000 mesh filter.

[0013] Preferably, the drying process employs a high-pressure, low-temperature spray drying method, with a spray drying pressure of 18-40 MPa and a spray drying temperature of 40-60℃. After drying, an indoor slow-release step is performed, where the raw material is placed in a container and allowed to stand until the pressure and temperature return to normal. The processed raw material is then removed.

[0014] The present invention also provides a soil-dwelling termite attractant, which is prepared by the above-described preparation method.

[0015] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned soil termite attractant in the prevention and / or monitoring of soil termites.

[0016] This invention also provides a termite bait, comprising termite bait and the aforementioned termite attractant; the amount of the termite attractant is 1-3% based on the mass of the termite bait. Studies have shown that when the attractant content in the bait exceeds 3%, the attraction effect on termites does not increase significantly; therefore, the upper limit for the termite attractant content is 3%.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the termite bait is selected from natural baits such as processed pine wood, sugarcane bagasse, palatable straw, ferns, and wood fiber plants.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the termite food bait may also contain additives such as edible glue, edible preservatives, activators, and special termite repellents, as needed.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the soil-dwelling termite food bait is prepared by mixing raw materials including soil-dwelling termite bait and soil-dwelling termite attractant and then pressing them into a film.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are at least as follows: (1) The soil termite attractant provided by the present invention can be added to ordinary soil termite bait to increase the long-distance attraction of soil termites to feed, and can also increase the appetite of soil termites, thereby increasing the amount of food consumed by soil termites per unit time. (2) The soil termite attractant provided by the present invention can improve the alarm efficiency when applied to soil termite monitoring devices; when applied to bait, it can improve the effect of attracting and killing soil termites, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately and quickly monitoring or killing soil termites. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials and related equipment used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0023] Example 1 Example 1 provides a soil-dwelling termite attractant, the preparation steps of which are as follows: (1) Mix camphor bark and eucalyptus bark in a mass ratio of 1:1, and crush them into 800-1000 mesh to obtain the raw material; (2) Ethanol, diethyl ether, ethyl ketone, purified water and n-hexane are mixed in a volume ratio of 21:1:1.5:25:1.5 to obtain a mixed solvent; (3) Mix the raw materials and mixed solvent at a mass-volume ratio of 1g:2mL and stir at room temperature for 72h to obtain the extract; (4) The extract is filtered through a 1500-mesh filter, and the resulting filtrate is dried by low-temperature, high-pressure spray drying.

[0024] This embodiment also provides specific applications of the attractant: Pilot tests were conducted in Hainan and Jiangxi provinces at the national key termite bait project experimental sites. Adding 2.5 wt% of attractant to ordinary bait (natural eucalyptus bark bait) increased termite consumption by 60.2% and the foraging radius by 3 m within 7 days. Adding 2 wt% of attractant to a specialized bait (coconut leaf petiole: 20%-25%; camphor tree branch: 20%-25%; sugarcane bagasse: 20%-25%; eucalyptus bark: 20%-25%; camphor tree pectin and preservative: 1%-2%; attractant: 1%-3%; trace elements: 0.1%-3%) increased termite consumption by 51.7% and the foraging radius by 4 m within 7 days, with a termite mortality rate exceeding 95%.

[0025] This invention has been tested at the national key project experimental site for termite bait, as well as in Hainan and Jiangxi. The results fully meet the termite control requirements for water conservancy projects and will play a positive role in the future promotion and application of termite "AI intelligent devices" and the preparation of termite bait.

[0026] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 provides a solution using a mixture of a single organic solvent, ethanol, and water, as an attractant for soil-dwelling termites. The difference from Example 1 is that the mixed solvent of ethanol, diethyl ether, ethyl ketone, purified water, and n-hexane is replaced with an aqueous ethanol solution. The specific preparation steps are as follows: (1) Mix camphor bark and eucalyptus bark in a mass ratio of 1:1, and crush them into 800-1000 mesh to obtain the raw material; (2) Mix ethanol and pure water in a volume ratio of 3:7 to obtain a mixed solvent; (3) Mix the raw materials and mixed solvent at a mass-volume ratio of 1g:2mL and stir at room temperature for 72h to obtain the extract; (4) The extract is filtered through a 1500-mesh filter, and the resulting filtrate is dried by low-temperature, high-pressure spray drying.

[0027] Specific applications of the attractant described in this comparative example: Pilot tests were conducted at the national key termite bait project experimental sites in Hainan and Jiangxi. Adding 2.5 wt% of an attractant to ordinary bait (natural bark bait) did not significantly increase termite consumption within 7 days compared to ordinary bait; nor did it significantly increase the termite feeding radius.

[0028] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions, specific embodiments, and experiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a soil-dwelling termite attractant, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Using camphor bark and / or eucalyptus bark as raw materials, extraction is carried out using a mixed solvent containing ethanol, diethyl ether, ethyl ketone, water and n-hexane; (2) Filter the extract obtained in step (1) and dry the filtrate to obtain the final product.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw material is a mixture of camphor bark and eucalyptus bark in a mass ratio of 1:

1.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Before extraction, the raw material is first crushed into 800-1000 mesh.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The mixed solution comprises, by volume fraction: 40-49% ethanol, 1-3% diethyl ether, 2-4% acetone, 45-50% water, and 2-3% n-hexane.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The mass-to-volume ratio of the raw material to the mixed solvent is 1g:2mL.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The extraction process involves adding the raw material to a mixed solvent and stirring for at least 48 hours.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The filtration uses a 1200-1500 mesh filter screen; And / or, the drying is carried out using a high-pressure, low-temperature spray drying method, with a spray drying pressure of 18-40 MPa and a spray drying temperature of 40-60℃.

8. A soil-dwelling termite attractant, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The application of the soil-dwelling termite attractant according to claim 8 in the prevention and / or monitoring of soil-dwelling termites.

10. A food bait for soil-dwelling termites, characterized in that, It includes soil-dwelling termite bait and the soil-dwelling termite attractant as described in claim 8; the amount of the soil-dwelling termite attractant is 1-3% based on the mass of the soil-dwelling termite bait.

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