Extrusion expansion throttling adjusting device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of extrusion equipment. The extrusion and expansion throttling adjusting device comprises a fixed supporting ring and a fixed supporting ring, the adjusting mechanism is arranged in the fixed supporting ring and is used for adjusting the material circulation sectional area in the extrusion bulking cavity; the throttling static ring is coaxially arranged in the fixed supporting ring; a first center hole is formed in the throttling static ring and used for installing a screw supporting ring. First material channel holes are evenly distributed in the outer side of the first center hole in the radial direction. The throttling flow ring is coaxially arranged in the throttling static ring and located on the discharging side of the throttling static ring; a second center hole is formed in the throttling flow ring and used for installing a screw supporting ring. Second material channel holes are evenly distributed in the outer side of the second center hole in the radial direction. The technical problems that an existing extrusion bulking machine is tedious in pressure adjusting operation, poor in flexibility and adaptability and has potential safety hazards are solved. The invention further discloses an extrusion expansion throttling adjusting method.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of extrusion puffing equipment, and particularly relates to an extrusion puffing throttling adjusting device and an extrusion puffing throttling adjusting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The extrusion puffing machine is a crucial device in modern industrial production and is widely used in the processing of aquatic feed, pet food, human food and tissue protein products. Its working principle is to rotate the screw in the puffing cavity to transport, mix, shear, heat and melt the material, and finally extrude it through the throttling die plate device, so that the internal combined water of the material changes from high-pressure liquid phase to normal-pressure gas phase, and the material realizes puffing by relying on the expansion force of the gas.

[0003] The pressure before the discharge die head is a key parameter for determining the puffing degree, density, texture and final quality of the product.

[0004] At present, the main way to adjust the pressure of the puffing machine is to replace the die plate and pressure regulating ring with different hole diameters or different opening shapes, or to change the size of the pressure regulating hole by the piston rod.

[0005] The existing technology has the following obvious disadvantages by replacing the die plate and pressure regulating ring with different hole diameters or different opening shapes, or changing the size of the pressure regulating hole by the piston rod: 1. Complicated operation and low efficiency: each time the product specification or puffing degree is changed, the machine needs to be stopped, the die plate and pressure regulating ring need to be disassembled and replaced, a lot of time and manpower are consumed, and the production efficiency is seriously affected.

[0006] 2. Poor flexibility: it is difficult to achieve continuous and stepless adjustment of the pressure during the production process, and it is difficult to quickly respond to the fluctuations of the material or the slight changes of the process parameters, resulting in poor uniformity of the product.

[0007] 3. Weak adaptability: for small-batch multi-variety production that requires precise control of the puffing process, this method is high in cost and inflexible.

[0008] 4. Safety hazards: frequent disassembly of the high-temperature and high-pressure die head assembly poses a risk of burns and mechanical injuries.

[0009] 5. The piston rod changes the size of the pressure regulating hole, although it can be adjusted online, but the structure is complex and easy to be blocked during operation, causing forced shutdown. SUMMARY

[0010] The first object of the present application is to provide an extrusion puffing throttling adjusting device to solve the technical problems of complicated operation, poor flexibility, weak adaptability and safety hazards in the pressure adjustment of the existing extrusion puffing machine.

[0011] To solve the above technical problems, the extrusion puffing throttling adjusting device has the following technical solutions, characterized by comprising: A fixed support ring is used for connecting the puffing cavity or connecting the puffing cavity and the discharge die plate mechanism. An adjusting mechanism is arranged in the fixed support ring and is used for adjusting the flow passage area of the material in the extrusion puffing cavity, and comprises: A throttling static ring is coaxially arranged in the fixed support ring; a first center hole is arranged on the throttling static ring and is used for mounting a screw rod support ring; first material passage holes are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the first center hole in a radial direction. A throttling dynamic ring is coaxially arranged in the throttling static ring and is located on the discharge side of the throttling static ring; a second center hole is arranged on the throttling dynamic ring and is used for mounting the screw rod support ring; second material passage holes are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the second center hole in a radial direction. The throttling dynamic ring is rotated relative to the throttling static ring, the relative position between the second material passage holes and the first material passage holes is changed, the longitudinal section area of the material passage in the extrusion puffing machine is changed, and thus stepless adjustment of the pressure in the extrusion puffing machine is realized.

[0012] The extrusion puffing machine can realize real-time, continuous and accurate adjustment of the pressure in the puffing cavity or before the die plate without stopping the machine, so that the production efficiency, product quality and production flexibility are improved. The extrusion puffing machine can realize online, real-time, continuous and accurate adjustment of the pressure in the puffing cavity.

[0013] To solve the technical problem of how the throttling static ring is realized, the throttling static ring comprises the following technical solutions: An outer static ring is matched with the fixed support ring; a circumferential hole is arranged on the outer static ring. An inner static ring is coaxially arranged in the outer static ring; the first material passage hole and the first center hole are arranged on the outer static ring.

[0014] To solve the technical problem of how the throttling dynamic ring and the throttling dynamic ring are installed, the throttling dynamic ring is arranged in the outer static ring and is located on the discharge side of the inner static ring.

[0015] To solve the technical problem of how the throttling dynamic ring is rotated, the extrusion puffing throttling adjusting device further comprises a throttling dynamic ring driving mechanism, which comprises: A worm shaft is rotationally arranged on the fixed support ring. A ball pin shaft is radially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the throttling dynamic ring; the ball pin shaft passes through the circumferential hole on the outer static ring and is engaged with the worm shaft. The worm shaft rotates to drive the ball pin shaft, and drive the throttle moving ring to rotate relative to the throttle static ring.

[0016] The worm shaft rotates to drive the ball pin shaft, and drive the throttle moving ring to rotate relative to the throttle static ring, so as to change the cross-sectional area of the plurality of fan-shaped material flow passages, thereby realizing stepless adjustment of the pressure in the extrusion and puffing machine.

[0017] To solve the technical problem of how the worm shaft rotates, the worm shaft is provided with a worm shaft driving member.

[0018] To solve the technical problem of how the worm shaft driving member is implemented, the worm shaft driving member is a driving handle.

[0019] To solve the technical problem of how the worm shaft driving member is implemented, the worm shaft driving member is a servo stepping motor.

[0020] To solve the technical problem of how the ball pin shaft and the throttle moving ring are installed, the outer circumferential surface of the throttle moving ring is provided with ball pin shaft mounting holes arranged in a circumferential direction.

[0021] To solve the technical problem of pressure detection in the material flow passage, the extrusion and puffing throttle adjusting device further comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the material flow passage in real time.

[0022] To solve the technical problem of temperature detection in the material flow passage, the extrusion and puffing throttle adjusting device further comprises a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the material flow passage in real time.

[0023] To solve the technical problem of inconvenient manual adjustment, the extrusion and puffing throttle adjusting device further comprises a control mechanism for controlling the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the servo stepping motor.

[0024] The control mechanism is connected with the servo stepping motor, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor. The control mechanism can receive a target pressure value, and adjust the action of the driving servo stepping motor according to the feedback signal of the pressure sensor through a PID control algorithm, so that the actual pressure is stabilized around the target pressure value.

[0025] The second object of the present application is to provide an extrusion and puffing throttle adjusting method, characterized in that the method is realized by using the extrusion and puffing throttle adjusting device according to any one of the above.

[0026] To solve the technical problem of how the extrusion and puffing throttle adjusting method is implemented, the method comprises: When the pressure of the material in the extrusion expander is less than the set value, the throttle moving ring is rotated to change the relative position between the second material passage hole on the throttle moving ring and the first material passage hole on the throttle static ring, thereby reducing the longitudinal sectional area of the material passage in the extrusion expander and increasing the pressure of the material in the extrusion expander. When the pressure of the material in the extrusion expander is greater than the set value, the throttle moving ring is reversely rotated to change the relative position between the second material passage hole on the throttle moving ring and the first material passage hole on the throttle static ring, thereby increasing the longitudinal sectional area of the material passage in the extrusion expander and reducing the pressure of the material in the extrusion expander. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the extrusion expander throttle regulating device of the present application (the worm shaft driving member is a driving handle); Figure 2 is a schematic view of the parts of the extrusion expander throttle regulating device of the present application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the extrusion expander throttle regulating device of the present application (the worm shaft driving member is a servo stepping motor); Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the extrusion expander of the present application Figure 1 ; Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the extrusion expander of the present application Figure 2 ; Figure 6 is a sectional view of Figure 4 ; In the figure: 10 extrusion expander; 100 extrusion expander throttle regulating device; 110 fixed support ring; 111 ring gap; 1110 mounting hole one; 112 mounting portion; 1120 mounting hole two; 120 throttle static ring; 121 outer static ring; 1210 circumferential hole; 122 inner static ring; 1220 first center hole; 1221 first material passage hole; 130 throttle moving ring; 131 second center hole; 132 second material passage hole; 133 ball pin shaft mounting hole; 140 throttle moving ring driving mechanism; 141 worm shaft; 142 ball pin shaft; 143 worm shaft driving member; 144 key; 150 shield; 151 mounting hole three; 200 extrusion expander cavity; 300 single screw; 400 screw support ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application will be further described below in connection with the drawings.

[0029] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 The extrusion puffing throttle adjusting device 100 includes a fixed support ring 110 and an adjusting mechanism, as shown in the drawings.

[0030] The fixed support ring 110 includes a ring gap 111 and a mounting portion 112. The ring gap 111 is provided with a mounting hole 1110 for connecting the puffing cavity or for connecting the puffing cavity and the discharge die plate mechanism. The fixed support ring 110 is connected with the puffing cavity to support the extrusion puffing throttle adjusting device.

[0031] The mounting portion 112 is provided with a mounting hole 1120 which is vertically arranged between the mounting hole 1110.

[0032] The adjusting mechanism is mounted in the fixed support ring 110 for adjusting the flow area of the material in the extrusion puffing cavity. The adjusting mechanism includes a throttle static ring 120 and a throttle dynamic ring 130.

[0033] The throttle static ring 120 is coaxially arranged in the fixed support ring 110. The throttle static ring 120 is provided with a first center hole 1220 for mounting a screw support ring. The outer side of the first center hole 121 is provided with a plurality of radially arranged first material passage holes 1221.

[0034] Specifically, the throttle static ring 120 includes an outer static ring 121 and an inner static ring 122. The outer static ring 121 cooperates with the fixed support ring 110. The outer static ring 121 is provided with a circumferential hole 1210. The inner static ring 122 is coaxially arranged in the outer static ring 121. The inner static ring 122 is provided with the first material passage holes 1221 and the first center hole 1220. The first material passage holes 1221 are preferably fan-shaped.

[0035] The throttle static ring 120 is mounted in the fixed support ring 110. The throttle static ring 120 has the first center hole 1220 for mounting the screw support ring and a plurality of first material passage holes 1221 which are through holes. The first material passage holes 1221 are a plurality of fan-shaped passages.

[0036] The throttle dynamic ring 130 is coaxially arranged in the throttle static ring 120 and located at the discharge side of the throttle static ring 120. The throttle dynamic ring 130 is provided with a second center hole 131 for mounting the screw support ring. The outer side of the second center hole 131 is provided with a plurality of radially arranged second material passage holes 132. The second material passage holes 132 are preferably fan-shaped. The throttle dynamic ring is mounted in the throttle static ring. The throttle dynamic ring can rotate relative to the throttle static ring. When the throttle dynamic ring rotates, the flow area of the material passage can be changed.

[0037] The throttling dynamic ring 130 rotates relative to the throttling static ring 120, changes the relative position between the second material passage hole 132 and the first material passage hole 1221, and further changes the longitudinal sectional area of the material passage in the extrusion puffing machine, so as to realize stepless adjustment of the pressure in the extrusion puffing machine.

[0038] In an embodiment, the throttling dynamic ring 130 is arranged in the outer static ring 121 and located on the discharging side of the inner static ring 122.

[0039] In an embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the throttling dynamic ring 130 is circumferentially provided with ball pin shaft mounting holes 133. The ball pin shaft mounting holes 133 are preferably threaded holes. In this embodiment, three threaded holes are circumferentially provided on the throttling dynamic ring.

[0040] In an embodiment, the adjusting mechanism further comprises a throttling dynamic ring driving mechanism 140, which comprises a worm shaft 141 and a ball pin shaft 142.

[0041] The worm shaft 141 is rotationally arranged on the fixed support ring 110. The worm shaft 141 is mounted in the mounting hole two 1120 of the mounting portion 112 at both ends of the fixed support ring 110, a bearing is fitted in the mounting hole two 1120, and the both ends of the worm shaft 141 are coupled with the bearing.

[0042] The ball pin shaft 142 is radially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the throttling dynamic ring 130, the ball pin shaft 142 passes through the circumferential hole on the outer static ring 121 and is engaged with the worm shaft 141. The middle helical portion of the worm shaft 141 is engaged with the ball pin shaft 142 on the throttling dynamic ring, and the worm shaft can drive the throttling dynamic ring to rotate when the worm shaft rotates. The ball pin shaft 142 is fitted in the three threaded holes and is uniformly distributed on the upper part of the throttling dynamic ring 130.

[0043] The worm shaft rotates to drive the ball pin shaft and drive the throttling dynamic ring to rotate relative to the throttling static ring.

[0044] In an embodiment, a worm shaft driving member 143 is arranged on the worm shaft. As shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown in Figure 3 , the worm shaft driving member 143 can also be a servo stepping motor. The servo stepping motor can realize precise closed-loop control of position. One end of the worm shaft is provided with a key groove, which is coupled with the driving handle or the servo stepping motor through a key 144.

[0045] In an embodiment, the extrusion puffing throttling adjusting device 10 further comprises a protective cover 150 for protecting the extrusion puffing throttling adjusting device. The two end plates of the protective cover 150 are respectively provided with mounting hole three 151 for mounting the worm shaft 141. The protective cover 150 is arranged on the mounting portion 111.

[0046] In one embodiment, the extrusion and bulking throttle regulating device 100 further comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the material flow channel in real time.

[0047] In one embodiment, the extrusion and bulking throttle regulating device 100 further comprises a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the material flow channel in real time.

[0048] In one embodiment, the extrusion and bulking throttle regulating device 100 further comprises a control mechanism for controlling the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the servo stepper motor respectively. The control mechanism is connected to the servo stepper motor, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor. The control mechanism can receive a target pressure value and adjust the action of the servo stepper motor through a PID control algorithm according to the feedback signal of the pressure sensor, so that the actual pressure is stabilized around the target pressure value.

[0049] Embodiment 2 As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The extrusion and bulking machine 10 comprises a plurality of extrusion and bulking cavities 200, and a single screw 300 is arranged in each extrusion and bulking cavity 200. The single screws 300 of adjacent extrusion and bulking cavities 200 are connected through a screw support ring 400. The screw support ring 400 is provided with the extrusion and bulking throttle regulating device 100 of embodiment 1. The extrusion screw is installed in the bulking cavity, and the screw support ring is arranged in the middle of the extrusion screw. The screw support ring is connected to the screw at both ends, and the outer ring of the screw support ring is matched with the first central hole 1220 and the second central hole 131 of the extrusion and bulking throttle regulating device 100.

[0050] Embodiment 3 The extrusion and bulking machine 10 comprises a bulking cavity and a discharge die plate mechanism, and a single screw 300 is arranged in the extrusion and bulking cavity 200. A screw support ring 400 is arranged on the single screw 300 between the extrusion and bulking cavity and the discharge die plate mechanism, and the screw support ring 400 is provided with the extrusion and bulking throttle regulating device of embodiment 1. The extrusion and bulking throttle regulating device can be installed between the discharge end of the extrusion and bulking cavity and the discharge die plate, and is used for throttling and regulating the pressure before the die plate.

[0051] Embodiment 4 The extrusion and bulking throttle regulating method is characterized in that it is realized by using the extrusion and bulking throttle regulating device of any one of embodiment 1.

[0052] Specifically, the extrusion and bulking throttle regulating method comprises: When the material pressure in the extrusion and bulking machine is less than the set value, the throttle moving ring is rotated to change the relative position between the second material passage hole on the throttle moving ring and the first material passage hole on the throttle static ring, thereby reducing the longitudinal cross-sectional area of the material passage in the extrusion and bulking machine and increasing the material pressure in the extrusion and bulking machine; When the material pressure in the extrusion expander is greater than the set value, the throttle moving ring is reversely rotated, the relative position between the second material passage hole on the throttle moving ring and the first material passage hole on the throttle static ring is changed, and then the longitudinal sectional area of the material passage in the extrusion expander is increased, and the material pressure in the extrusion expander is reduced.

[0053] The present application can adjust the pressure before the extrusion expander expansion cavity or template in real time, continuously and accurately without stopping, thereby improving the production efficiency, product quality and production flexibility.

[0054] The present application can realize online continuous adjustment: without stopping and replacing the pressure regulating ring, the continuous stepless adjustment of the expansion cavity pressure can be realized, the production efficiency and flexibility are greatly improved, and the present application is particularly suitable for multi-variety and small-batch production mode.

[0055] The present application can realize real-time automatic control in the expansion cavity through the pressure sensor and the closed-loop control system, effectively offset the material property fluctuation and process parameter disturbance, ensure the high consistency of product density, expansion degree and texture, the control is accurate, and the product quality is stable.

[0056] The present application can be easily integrated into the existing extrusion expansion system, and the upgrading cost is low. Meanwhile, the control logic can also be linked with the screw speed, the feeding amount, the temperature and other parameters, realize more complex optimization control, and the applicability is strong.

[0057] The present application avoids the operation of frequently disassembling the high-pressure die head, eliminates the corresponding safety hidden trouble, and is safe.

[0058] The present application adopts rotary rotation instead of piston linear movement, effectively avoids the jamming phenomenon.

[0059] The above embodiments are only for describing the technical features and concepts of the present application, the purpose is to enable the person skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement it, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application, and any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essential characteristics of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An extrusion puffing throttling regulating device, characterized in that, include: A fixed support ring is used to connect the puffing cavity; Or it can be used to connect the puffing cavity and the discharge template mechanism; An adjustment mechanism, disposed within the fixed support ring, is used to adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​material flow within the extrusion and puffing chamber, including: A throttling stationary ring is coaxially disposed within the fixed support ring; a first central hole is provided on the throttling stationary ring for mounting a screw support ring; first material channel holes are radially distributed evenly on the outer side of the first central hole; A throttling flow ring is coaxially disposed within the throttling stationary ring and located on the discharge side of the throttling stationary ring; a second central hole is provided on the throttling flow ring for mounting a screw support ring; second material channel holes are radially distributed evenly on the outer side of the second central hole; The throttling ring rotates relative to the throttling stationary ring, changing the relative position between the second material channel hole and the first material channel hole, thereby changing the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the material channel inside the extrusion extruder, thus achieving stepless adjustment of the pressure inside the extrusion extruder.

2. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The throttling stationary loop includes: An outer stationary ring mates with the fixed support ring; a circumferential hole is provided on the outer stationary ring; An inner stationary ring is coaxially disposed within the outer stationary ring, and the outer stationary ring is provided with the first material channel hole and the first center hole.

3. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The throttling flow ring is disposed inside the outer stationary ring and located on the discharge side of the inner stationary ring.

4. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device further includes a throttling flow ring drive mechanism, comprising: The worm shaft is rotatably mounted on the fixed support ring; A ball pin is radially disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the throttling ring. The ball pin passes through a circumferential hole on the outer stationary ring and meshes with the worm shaft. The rotation of the worm shaft drives the ball pin, which in turn causes the throttling fluid ring to rotate relative to the throttling stationary ring.

5. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A worm shaft drive component is provided on the worm shaft.

6. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The worm shaft drive component is a drive handle.

7. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The worm gear drive is a servo stepper motor.

8. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the throttling ring is provided with ball pin mounting holes spaced circumferentially.

9. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device also includes a pressure sensor for real-time detection of the pressure within the material flow channel.

10. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device also includes a temperature sensor for real-time detection of the temperature within the material flow channel.

11. The extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The extrusion puffing throttling adjustment device also includes a control mechanism, which controls the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the servo stepper motor respectively.

12. An extrusion puffing throttling adjustment method, characterized in that, It is achieved using the extrusion puffing throttling regulating device according to any one of claims 1-11.

13. The extrusion puffing throttling adjustment method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The method includes: When the material pressure inside the extrusion extruder is less than the set value, the throttling ring is rotated to change the relative position between the second material channel hole on the throttling ring and the first material channel hole on the throttling stationary ring, thereby reducing the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the material channel inside the extrusion extruder and increasing the material pressure inside the extrusion extruder. When the material pressure inside the extruder exceeds the set value, the throttling ring rotates in the reverse direction, changing the relative position between the second material channel hole on the throttling ring and the first material channel hole on the throttling stationary ring, thereby increasing the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the material channel inside the extruder and reducing the material pressure inside the extruder.

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