Folding exhaust fume collecting hood and multi-stage spraying purification treatment system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a folding exhaust fume collecting hood and a multi-stage spraying purification treatment system and method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fire experiment flue gas treatment and purification. Comprising a smoke collection device, a spraying purification device, an adsorption device, an exhaust device, a gas analysis sensing device and a purification system, the smoke collecting device communicates with a first guide pipe which communicates with a second guide pipe, and a spraying purification device is arranged at one end of the second guide pipe. An adsorption device is arranged at one end, far away from the spraying purification device, of the third guide pipe; an exhaust device is arranged at one end of the adsorption device away from the third conduit; the first guide pipe is provided with a gas analysis sensing device; the purification system adjusts purification parameters according to analysis parameters of the gas analysis sensing device; the purification system comprises a control subsystem, a container subsystem, a water circulation subsystem, a feeding subsystem and a pH detection subsystem. According to the invention, the flue gas can be efficiently and conveniently collected, analyzed and purified, and the pollution-free emission standard is reached.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fire experiment smoke treatment and purification, in particular to a folding smoke collecting hood and a multi-stage spraying purification treatment system and method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fire experiments involve the combustion behavior of forest combustibles, wood, photovoltaic, chemical products and other materials, which can produce a large amount of toxic or harmful smoke. These smoke components are complex, containing fine particulate matter, toxic gases and combustion products, which are extremely easy to escape. Conventional protective masks are difficult to effectively block, not only directly threatening the health of experimental personnel, but also possibly causing environmental pollution. Therefore, in-depth understanding of the special hazards of combustion and thermal chemical experiment smoke, and building an efficient smoke collection, analysis and treatment system, has become a top priority for laboratory safety management.

[0003] Current fire experiment smoke treatment often uses dust collection type local collection, but the traditional smoke collecting hood has the limitations of small area, fixed baffle height and fixed experimental scale, which is difficult to adapt to flexible experimental layout and scale, and the low ground clearance limits the transportation of equipment and the construction of experimental platform. The existing fire experiment smoke collection technology has the problems of large space occupation and poor flexibility. The traditional fixed smoke collecting hood has low space utilization due to its permanent installation structure and four-corner support structure, which not only hinders the lifting path of large equipment, but also makes the operation area layout rigid. The track mobile smoke collecting hood sets a walking wheel system at the lower part of the smoke hood skeleton, which can move on the preset steel rail. It is worth noting that the top surface of the steel rail is designed to be flat with the ground to avoid forming ground obstacles. However, this structure still occupies a large plane space when it is not in working condition.

[0004] The current commonly used smoke purification technology for fire experiments (such as electrostatic adsorption, activated carbon filtration) has many shortcomings: the treatment efficiency of oil mist and fine particulate matter is insufficient; the smoke corrosion degree is high; and the maintenance frequency and daily consumable replacement cost are high. Therefore, the present application proposes a folding smoke collecting hood and a multi-stage spraying purification treatment system and method thereof to solve the above problems and optimize the problems faced by fire experiment smoke collection, analysis and purification. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to design a folding smoke collecting hood and a multi-stage spraying purification treatment system and method thereof, which can realize efficient, convenient collection, analysis and targeted purification treatment of smoke, and achieve non-pollution emission standards.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a folding smoke collecting hood and a multi-stage spraying purification treatment system thereof, comprising: a smoke collecting device, a spraying purification device, an adsorption device, an exhaust device, a gas analysis sensing device and a purification system. The top of the smoke collecting device is fixedly communicated with a first conduit, the bottom end of the first conduit is fixedly communicated with a second conduit, one end of the second conduit is provided with a spray purification device, and the spray purification device is used for adsorbing and purifying soluble pollutants and particulate matters; The top of the spray purification device is fixedly communicated with a third conduit, one end of the third conduit away from the spray purification device is provided with an adsorption device, and the adsorption device is used for adsorbing and purifying harmful gases; One end of the adsorption device away from the third conduit is provided with an exhaust device, and the exhaust device is used for providing air exhaust capacity for the smoke collecting device and making the flue gas discharged after being purified by the spray purification device and the adsorption device; The first conduit is provided with a gas analysis sensing device, and the gas analysis sensing device is used for analyzing the composition, concentration and heat release parameter of the flue gas collected by the smoke collecting device, so as to evaluate the fire hazard of the corresponding material or experimental condition; The purification system adjusts the purification parameters according to the analysis parameters of the gas analysis sensing device; The purification system includes a control subsystem, a container subsystem, a water circulation subsystem, a feeding subsystem and a pH detection subsystem; The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is used for controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when detecting the purification demand, and controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The water circulation subsystem is communicated with the water storage space of the container subsystem, so as to realize injecting liquid into the water storage space and moving the liquid in the water storage space to the water circulation subsystem, thereby realizing water circulation of the liquid in the water storage space; The feeding subsystem is arranged adjacent to the water storage space, so as to feed the water storage space to adjust the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and improve the effect of absorbing flue gas; The pH detection subsystem is used for detecting the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and the content of the liquid in the water storage space.

[0007] Further, the smoke collecting device includes a smoke collecting cover and a plurality of door plates, the plurality of door plates are installed at the bottom of the smoke collecting cover, and the upper and lower adjacent door plates are hingedly arranged, and the edge of the door plate is embedded with a high-temperature-resistant magnetic sealing strip; a plurality of sliding rails are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the smoke collecting cover, and a plurality of sliding blocks matched with the sliding rails are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the door plates.

[0008] Further, the spray purification device includes a water tank, one side of the water tank is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is fixedly communicated with the second conduit, a plurality of partitions are fixedly arranged in the water tank, and an air flow channel is formed in the water tank through the plurality of partitions; a plurality of spray pipes are fixedly arranged at the top of the water tank, and the plurality of spray pipes are connected with external tap water for spraying water to the flue gas in the water tank.

[0009] Further, the exhaust device comprises a fourth conduit in fixed communication with the adsorption device, and a centrifugal fan is arranged at one end of the fourth conduit away from the adsorption device, and an exhaust chimney is arranged at one side of the centrifugal fan, and the exhaust chimney is used for discharging the flue gas after purification.

[0010] Further, the gas analysis sensing device comprises a sampling unit, an analysis unit and a control unit, the sampling unit and the analysis unit are arranged in the first conduit, the sampling unit is used for collecting temperature, differential pressure and light path signals inside the flue pipe and collecting internal sample gas, the analysis unit adopts a built-in sampling probe of the flue pipe and transmits data to the control unit, the control unit is used for processing data and calculating heat release data and generating gas product components, and is used for judging combustion characteristics.

[0011] Further, the water circulation subsystem comprises a water pump, a connecting pipe, a water box and a box body; the water box is connected with the water pump through a circulating water pipe, and the water pump is connected with a water storage space of the container subsystem; the storage box in the feeding subsystem is arranged adjacent to the box body; an air duct is arranged at an upper portion of the water box; and the water box and the storage box are arranged in the box body.

[0012] A folding smoke collecting hood and a multi-stage spray purification treatment method thereof, comprising the following steps: S1: starting the centrifugal fan to make the smoke collecting device absorb the laboratory flue gas, the flue gas is sucked into the first conduit through the smoke collecting device, and then is sucked into the second conduit through the first conduit; S2: the flue gas is sucked into the spray purification device through the second conduit, the flue gas enters the water tank through the air inlet, passes through the bottom pool, and then is discharged according to the air flow channel, the bottom storage pool and the top spray water purify the flue gas for multiple times, the water flow sprayed from the multiple spray pipes flows from top to bottom, and the water flow contacts with the flue gas flowing from bottom to top in countercurrent, so that the soluble pollutants and particulate matters in the flue gas are treated, and the purified flue gas is sucked into the third conduit; S3: the flue gas is sucked into the adsorption device through the third conduit, the adsorption device absorbs the harmful gas discharged from the laboratory in the flue gas, and the purified flue gas is discharged through the exhaust chimney; S4: the gas analysis sensing device analyzes the composition, concentration and heat release parameter of the flue gas collected by the smoke collecting device, and further evaluates the fire hazard of the corresponding material or experimental condition; The purification system adjusts the purification parameters according to the analysis parameters of the gas analysis sensing device.

[0013] Further, the purification system comprises a control subsystem, a container subsystem, a water circulation subsystem, a feeding subsystem and a pH detection subsystem. a control subsystem, electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, for controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and for controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The water circulation subsystem is in communication with the water storage space of the container subsystem, so as to inject liquid into the water storage space and move the liquid in the water storage space to the water circulation subsystem, thereby realizing water circulation of the liquid in the water storage space. The feeding subsystem is arranged adjacent to the water storage space, so as to feed the water storage space to adjust the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and improve the effect of absorbing flue gas. The pH detection subsystem is used to detect the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and the content of the liquid in the water storage space.

[0014] Further, the system further comprises: controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected; and controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space.

[0015] Further, the system further comprises: determining a first feeding amount and a first water circulation rate; controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space, comprising: controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space according to the first water circulation rate; controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space, comprising: controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space according to the first feeding amount.

[0016] Further, determining the first feeding amount and the first water circulation rate comprises: determining first liquid parameter information of the liquid in the water storage space; and determining the first feeding amount and the first water circulation rate according to the first liquid parameter information.

[0017] Further, the system further comprises: recording a second water circulation rate of the water circulation subsystem and a second feeding amount of the feeding subsystem; controlling the pH detection subsystem to detect the pH in the water storage space after the purification is completed to obtain first wastewater parameter information; constructing a user database according to the second feeding amount, the first liquid parameter information, the first wastewater parameter information, and flue gas analysis information of the gas analysis sensing device; and using the database to control the second feeding amount of the feeding amount subsystem.

[0018] Further, determining the first liquid parameter information of the liquid in the water storage space comprises: Determine the initial pH value of the purification system, and the liquid content in the water storage space; According to the initial pH value and the detection result obtained by detecting the liquid content in the water storage space, determine the first liquid parameter information.

[0019] Further, it also includes: The pH detection subsystem detects the water storage space to obtain detection information; According to the detection information, judge whether the water storage space needs to be dosed; When it is determined that the pH value in the water storage space is less than 7, it is determined that there is a dosing demand; When it is determined that the pH value in the water storage space is greater than 7, it is determined that there is no dosing demand.

[0020] A computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the multifunctional fire experiment smoke collection, analysis and purification method of any one of the above.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1、The present application sets up the smoke collecting device, which can realize the folding of the adjacent door plates by folding the lower door plate upward, and make the door plate drive the sliding block to slide upward along the sliding rail, so that the height of the folded edge door plate from the ground is increased, which can cope with narrow space and different air volume experimental conditions in scientific research experiments, and the folded door plate can realize different height of the outer edge, and realize different flow smoke collection, analysis and purification under various fire experiment conditions.

[0022] 2、The present application sets up the spray purification device, the smoke enters the water tank from the air inlet, then passes through the bottom pool, and then is discharged according to the airflow channel, the bottom water storage tank and the top spray water purify the smoke for many times, the water flow sprayed from the multiple spray pipes flows from top to bottom, which contacts with the smoke flowing from bottom to top in countercurrent, realizes the purification treatment of the soluble pollutants and particulate matters in the smoke, and makes the distribution of the sprayed water flow more uniform, so as to increase the contact area of the water and the smoke, and improve the absorption and processing capacity of the spray purification device to the smoke.

[0023] 3、The present application innovatively integrates the gas analysis sensing device, which can not only analyze the combustion heat release rate and the chemical composition of the combustion products in real time, accurately judge the combustion state of the fuel and the harmfulness of the combustion products, but also realize the automatic monitoring of the heat release data. The system design greatly reduces the manual operation burden, effectively improves the experimental efficiency and overall safety.

[0024] 4、The present application can realize effective regulation and control of the pH value of circulating water through automatic control, detects the liquid pH and the water content of the water tank through the pH detection subsystem, calculates the required feeding amount for adjusting the pH, and then adjusts the pH of the circulating water, so as to cope with different experimental conditions of waste gas in scientific research experiments, and to realize pollution-free discharge in neutralizing and treating wastewater.

[0025] 5、The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, a running program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, and when the running program is executed by a processor, the purification method is realized, and different changes of different output signals of different experimental conditions can be recorded synchronously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the whole application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the smoke collecting device of the application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the smoke collecting device of the application; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the smoke collecting device of the application; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the smoke collecting device of the application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the smoke collecting device of the application; Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the spray purification device of the application; Figure 7 is a three-dimensional view of the purification system of the application; Figure 8 is a front view of the purification system of the application; Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the adsorption device of the application; Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust device of the application; Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the calorimetric device of the application; Figure 12 Figure 1 is a flow chart of the purification method of the application; Figure 13 is a flow chart of the purification method of the application; Figure 2 is a flow chart of the purification method of the application; Figure 14 Figure 3 is a control schematic diagram of the purification system of the application; Figure 15 is a working flow chart of the purification system of the application; Figure 16 is a working flow chart of the purification system of the application; Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the computer readable storage medium of the application.​​

[0027] In the figure: 1, smoke collecting device; 11, smoke collecting cover; 12, door plate; 13, high-temperature-resistant magnetic sealing strip; 14, sliding rail; 15, sliding block; 2, first conduit; 3, second conduit; 4, spraying purification device; 41, water tank; 42, air inlet; 43, partition plate; 44, spraying pipe; 45, water pump; 46, circulating water pipe; 47, water box; 48, storage box; 49, box body; 5, third conduit; 6, adsorption device; 61, adsorption box; 62, activated carbon adsorption block; 7, exhaust device; 71, fourth conduit; 72, centrifugal fan; 73, exhaust chimney; 8, gas analysis sensing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification of the present application and the above-described drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or a chronological sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily limit to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0030] In the present application, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0031] In addition, in addition to being used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, the above-mentioned part of the terms can also be used to indicate other meanings, for example, the term "up" can also be used to indicate a certain dependent relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of these terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In addition, the terms "mounting", "arrangement", "provided with", "connected", "linked", "sleeved" should be broadly understood. For example, it can be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral structure; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances by those skilled in the art.

[0033] Considering that the current fire experiment flue gas treatment often uses local dust collection type flue gas collection or fume hood flue gas collection, the traditional flue gas collection device such as the fume hood and the fume hood cabinet have the problems of small effective coverage interface, easy escape of diffused and transient large flow flue gas, limited personnel operation, inflexible experimental scale and layout, and inconvenient transportation or replacement of instruments and equipment. At the same time, the mainstream flue gas purification technology such as electrostatic adsorption and physical filtration has the problems of insufficient purification efficiency, fast efficiency decay, frequent replacement of consumables, high maintenance workload and cost, and some processes are accompanied by secondary pollution or complex cleaning. These problems not only limit some experiments that produce a large amount of flue gas, such as large-scale fire experiments, but also have high daily operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, the present application provides a folding fume hood and a multi-stage spray purification treatment system and method thereof, which can realize efficient, convenient collection, analysis and targeted purification treatment of flue gas, and achieve non-pollution emission standards.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1 The present embodiment discloses a folding fume hood and a multi-stage spray purification treatment system thereof, which comprises a fume collection device 1, a spray purification device 4, an adsorption device 6, an exhaust device 7, a gas analysis sensing device 8 and a purification system. The fume collection device 1 can be fixedly installed with the laboratory roof and is used for collecting laboratory flue gas. A first conduit 2 is fixedly communicated at the top of the fume collection device 1. A second conduit 3 is fixedly communicated at the bottom end of the first conduit 2. A spray purification device 4 is arranged at one end of the second conduit 3. The spray purification device 4 is used for adsorbing and purifying soluble pollutants and particulate matters. A third conduit 5 is fixedly communicated at the top of the spray purification device 4. An adsorption device 6 is arranged at one end of the third conduit 5 away from the spray purification device 4. The adsorption device 6 is used for adsorbing and purifying harmful gases. An exhaust device 7 is arranged at one end of the adsorption device 6 away from the third conduit 5. The exhaust device 7 is used for providing air extraction capacity for the fume collection device 1 and discharging flue gas after purification by the spray purification device 4 and the adsorption device 6. The first conduit 2 is provided with a gas analysis sensing device 8 for analyzing the composition, concentration and heat release parameter of the smoke collected by the smoke collection device 1, and further evaluating the fire hazard of the corresponding material or experimental condition. Reference Figure 15 With Figure 16 The purification system adjusts the purification parameters according to the analysis parameters of the gas analysis sensing device 8.

[0035] The purification system includes a control subsystem, a container subsystem, a water circulation subsystem, a feeding subsystem and a pH detection subsystem; The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively; for controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when detecting the purification demand; and controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The water circulation subsystem communicates with the water storage space of the container subsystem, so as to realize injecting liquid into the water storage space and moving the liquid in the water storage space to the water circulation subsystem, thereby realizing water circulation of the liquid in the water storage space; The feeding subsystem is arranged adjacent to the water storage space, so as to feed the water storage space to adjust the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and improve the effect of absorbing smoke; The pH detection subsystem is used for detecting the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and the content of the liquid in the water storage space.

[0036] Reference Figures 2 to 5 The smoke collection device 1 includes a smoke collection cover 11 and a plurality of door plates 12, the smoke collection cover 11 is fixed with the top of the experimental room, and a plurality of door plates 12 are installed at the bottom of the smoke collection cover 11, the upper and lower two adjacent door plates 12 are hingedly arranged, and the edge of the door plate 12 is embedded with a high-temperature-resistant magnetic sealing strip 13; a plurality of sliding rails 14 are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the smoke collection cover 11, and a plurality of sliding blocks 15 adapted to the sliding rails 14 are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the door plates 12. After folding the lower two adjacent door plates 12, the two door plates 12 are pushed upward, so that the sliding blocks 15 are driven to slide upward along the sliding rails 14, so that the ground clearance of the folded edge baffle is increased, thereby adapting to the narrow space and the different air volume working conditions in scientific research experiments, and flexibly meeting the smoke collection requirements of different fire experiment sizes. The edge of the door plate 12 is embedded with a high-temperature-resistant magnetic sealing strip 13, which automatically absorbs when the door plate 12 is closed, forming an airtight barrier and effectively ensuring the airtight suction effect of the smoke collection device 1 during use.

[0037] Reference Figure 6The spray purification device 4 comprises a water tank 41, one side of the water tank 41 is provided with an air inlet 42, the air inlet 42 is fixedly communicated with the second conduit 3, a plurality of partitions 43 are fixedly arranged in the water tank 41, and an airflow channel is formed in the water tank 41 through the plurality of partitions 43; a plurality of spray pipes 44 are fixedly arranged on the top of the water tank 41, and the plurality of spray pipes 44 are connected with external tap water for spraying water into the flue gas in the water tank 41. After the flue gas enters the water tank 41 from the air inlet 42, it passes through the bottom water pool and then is discharged according to the airflow channel. The bottom water pool and the top spray water purify the flue gas for multiple times. The water flow sprayed by the plurality of spray pipes 44 flows from top to bottom and is in countercurrent contact with the flue gas flowing from bottom to top, so that the soluble pollutants and particulate matters in the flue gas are effectively treated. Compared with activated carbon, the device greatly reduces the use cost and has a better purification effect on the soluble pollutants and particulate matters.

[0038] In some embodiments, the spray liquid sprayed by the plurality of spray pipes 44 can be replaced to treat the toxic flue gas of the new energy battery fire or other chemical reactions to reach the emission standard. The new energy battery fire can produce flammable and toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen fluoride. The flue gas is introduced into the water tank 41 storing calcium hydroxide solution, the hydrogen fluoride is adsorbed by the calcium hydroxide solution to generate calcium fluoride precipitate to reduce the corrosiveness and toxicity, and then the alkaline solution is sprayed by the plurality of spray pipes 44 to remove the soluble gas such as carbon monoxide and soot particles. In addition, the shape of the spray pipe 44 can be one or a combination of square, rectangular or circular. The plurality of spray pipes 44 are arranged at the same interval, which can make the distribution of the sprayed water flow more uniform, thereby increasing the contact area of the water and the flue gas and effectively improving the absorption and treatment capacity of the spray purification device 4 on the flue gas.

[0039] Reference Figure 9 The adsorption device 6 comprises an adsorption tank 61, the adsorption tank 61 is fixedly communicated with the third conduit 5, and the adsorption tank 61 is internally provided with an activated carbon adsorption block 62. The activated carbon adsorption block 62 is arranged in a porous honeycomb shape to increase the adsorption area and increase the absorption efficiency. The activated carbon adsorption block 62 can effectively absorb harmful gases in the flue gas, such as sulfides, nitrogen oxides, benzene, toluene, formaldehyde and VOCs volatile organic compounds and other harmful gases emitted by laboratories. Due to the large specific surface area and developed pore structure of the honeycomb-shaped activated carbon adsorption block 62, its adsorption capacity far exceeds that of ordinary activated carbon.

[0040] Reference Figure 10, the exhaust device 7 includes a fourth conduit 71 fixedly communicated with the adsorption device 6, the fourth conduit 71 is provided with a centrifugal fan 72 at one end away from the adsorption device 6, one side of the centrifugal fan 72 is provided with an exhaust chimney 73 for discharging the flue gas after purification treatment. After starting the centrifugal fan 72, a negative pressure is formed in the first conduit 2 by the suction effect of the centrifugal fan 72, thereby providing the smoke collecting device 1 with the required air exhaust capacity.

[0041] In addition, the number of centrifugal fans 72 can be one or more. For example, when the number of centrifugal fans 72 is two, the two centrifugal fans 72 can be connected in parallel, one of which is a backup, so that when the exhaust device 7 fails, the flue gas is difficult to treat, thereby effectively ensuring the normal operation of the flue gas treatment system.

[0042] Reference Figure 11 , the gas analysis sensing device 8 includes a sampling unit, an analysis unit and a control unit, the sampling unit and the analysis unit are arranged in the first conduit 2, the sampling unit is used for collecting temperature, differential pressure, light path signal and internal sample gas in the flue pipe, the analysis unit uses a built-in sampling probe in the flue pipe and transmits data to the control unit, the control unit is used for processing data and calculating heat release data and generating gas product composition, which is used to judge the combustion characteristics. The gas analysis sensing device 8 is used for heat release and flue gas analysis of the smoke collecting device 1, thereby evaluating the corresponding fire hazard. According to the test requirements, an electric ball valve needs to be installed on other branches of the smoke exhaust pipeline to ensure the stability and accuracy of the measurement of the calorimetric system. The actual effective air volume in the test section flue pipe must reach at least 22000m³ / h to meet the stable combustion of 2mW.

[0043] Specifically, the position of the test section should follow the arrangement principle of "front 8 and rear 4", and flow stabilizing devices need to be arranged before and after the test section to ensure the uniformity and stability of the wind speed. In order to facilitate installation and later maintenance and inspection, a maintenance platform needs to be built below the test section, which can be extended on the basis of the existing room or can be built separately. The control unit adopts an electrical control box based on a self-designed standard electrical control cabinet, which is equipped with a 19-inch touch integrated industrial computer at the front end, has built-in device control software, and is configured with a wireless mouse and keyboard for friendly interaction with users. The electrical control cabinet is provided with function buttons at the bottom of the front end for equipment power supply and function control. Electrical control function elements are installed in the cabinet, and the system realizes test data acquisition and action control through Siemens PLC and analog modules. The control system is stable and reliable, and can complete flue gas heat release and component composition analysis, thereby judging the combustion state of the fuel and evaluating the corresponding fire hazard. The system automatically monitors the heat release data, effectively reducing the labor intensity of the workers, improving the experimental efficiency and safety production capacity.

[0044] The gas analyzer is arranged on one side of the fume collecting device 1 and is connected with the top of the fume collecting device 1 through a pipeline. During the process of collecting the flue gas by the fume collecting device 1, the gas analyzer can detect and analyze the flue gas in real time, so as to effectively master the composition, content and proportion of the gas in the flue gas.

[0045] In some embodiments, the control subsystem 2 can first detect whether there is a purification demand, for example, the control subsystem 2 can detect whether there is water in the water storage space of the container subsystem 3. For another example, the control subsystem 2 can detect whether the user performs a purification operation, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0046] The running state of the purification equipment can be acquired first, and the running state of the equipment can include starting, shutting down and gear. When the equipment is running, whether there is water in the purification box can be scanned by the pH detection subsystem to determine whether there is a purification demand. If there is a purification demand, the water circulation subsystem and the feeding subsystem can be started.

[0047] Reference Figure 7 With Figure 8 , the water circulation subsystem comprises a water pump 45, a connecting pipe 46, a water box 47 and a box body 49; the water box 47 is connected with the water pump 45 through the circulating water pipe 46, and the water pump is connected with the water storage space of the container subsystem; the storage box 48 in the feeding subsystem is arranged adjacent to the box body 49; the upper part of the water box 47 is provided with an air duct; the water box 47 and the storage box 48 are arranged in the box body 49.

[0048] Reference Figures 12 to 14 , the present application provides a folding fume collecting cover and a multi-stage spraying purification treatment method thereof, which comprises the following steps: S1: starting the centrifugal fan 72 to make the fume collecting device 1 absorb the laboratory flue gas, and the flue gas is sucked into the first conduit 2 through the fume collecting device 1 and then is sucked into the second conduit 3 through the first conduit 2; S2: the flue gas is sucked into the spraying purification device 4 through the second conduit 3, the flue gas enters the water tank 41 from the air inlet 42, passes through the bottom water pool, and then is discharged according to the airflow channel, and the bottom water pool and the top spraying water purify the flue gas for multiple times, the water flow sprayed from the multiple spraying pipes 44 flows from top to bottom, and the water flow contacts with the flue gas flowing from bottom to top in countercurrent, so that the soluble pollutants and particulate matters in the flue gas are treated, and the purified flue gas is sucked into the third conduit 5; S3: the flue gas is sucked into the adsorption device 6 through the third conduit 5, the adsorption device 6 absorbs the harmful gases in the flue gas, such as sulfides, nitrogen oxides, benzene, toluene, formaldehyde, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and other harmful gases discharged from the laboratory, and the purified flue gas is discharged through the exhaust chimney 73; The purification system adjusts the purification parameters according to the analysis parameters of the gas analysis sensing device 8.

[0049] The purification system comprises a control subsystem, a container subsystem, a water circulation subsystem, a feeding subsystem and a pH detection subsystem; The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is configured to control the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and control the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The water circulation subsystem is in communication with the water storage space of the container subsystem, so as to inject liquid into the water storage space and move the liquid in the water storage space to the water circulation subsystem, thereby realizing water circulation in the water storage space; The feeding subsystem is arranged adjacent to the water storage space, so as to feed the water storage space to adjust the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and improve the effect of absorbing flue gas; The pH detection subsystem is configured to detect the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and the content of the liquid in the water storage space.

[0050] The present application also comprises: The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is configured to control the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and control the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is configured to control the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and control the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space;

[0051] The present application also comprises: The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is configured to control the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and control the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is configured to control the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and control the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is configured to control the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and control the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is configured to control the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and control the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is configured to control the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and control the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space;

[0052] In some possible embodiments, it can be detected whether there is a purification demand first, for example, the running state of a centrifugal fan can be detected, and for another example, it can be detected whether a user performs a purification operation, and the present application embodiments do not limit this.

[0053] For example, it can be detected in real time whether there is a purification demand, or it can be detected whether there is a purification demand according to a preset time interval.

[0054] In the case where no purification demand is detected, it can be continuously detected whether there is a purification demand, and conversely, if a purification demand is detected, the water circulation subsystem and the feeding subsystem can be controlled.

[0055] Further optimization of the technical solution comprises determining the first feeding amount and the first water circulation rate, which comprises: Determine the first liquid parameter information (water quantity and pH) of the liquid in the water storage space; and determine the first feeding quantity and the first circulating water rate according to the first liquid parameter information.

[0056] After the first circulating water rate is determined, the water circulating subsystem can be controlled based on the first circulating water rate so as to control the water circulating speed of the water storage space at the first circulating water rate.

[0057] After the first feeding quantity is determined, the feeding subsystem can also be controlled based on the first feeding quantity so as to feed the water storage space. By means of the embodiment of the present application, the pH can be further improved by means of the circulating water system and the feeding.

[0058] The present application also comprises: Record the second circulating water rate of the water circulating subsystem and the second feeding quantity of the feeding subsystem; After the purification is completed, the pH detection subsystem is controlled to detect the pH in the water storage space to obtain the first wastewater parameter information; According to the second feeding quantity, the first liquid parameter information, the first wastewater parameter information and the flue gas analysis information of the gas analysis sensing device 8, a user database is constructed; and the database is used to control the second feeding quantity of the feeding quantity subsystem.

[0059] The technical scheme is further optimized, and the first liquid parameter information of the liquid in the water storage space comprises: Determine the initial pH value of the purification system and the liquid content in the water storage space; According to the detection result obtained by detecting the initial pH value and the liquid content in the water storage space, the first liquid parameter information is determined.

[0060] The present application also comprises: The pH detection subsystem is controlled to detect the water storage space to obtain detection information; According to the detection information, it is judged whether the water storage space needs feeding; When it is judged that the pH value in the water storage space is less than 7, it is judged that there is a feeding demand; When it is judged that the pH value in the water storage space is greater than 7, it is judged that there is no feeding demand.

[0061] The forest fire burning experiment is carried out under the smoke hood, the main fuel is pine wood, the centrifugal fan is started, the control system collects signals, the water circulating system in the water tank is opened, and the first liquid parameter information of the liquid includes the pH value and the water content of the water in the water tank detected by the pH detection subsystem. Then the first liquid parameter information is used to determine the circulating water rate and the feeding quantity required for adjusting the pH value. Then the water tank is fed. The wastewater information can also be detected after the purification is completed, the feeding is carried out, and the wastewater is discharged after the neutralization is completed.

[0062] The method of the present application can be used to cope with the smoke purification demand in multiple types of scientific research experiments such as photovoltaic fire, forest fire and violent chemical reaction, realize efficient, convenient collection, analysis and targeted purification treatment of smoke, and achieve pollution-free emission standard.

[0063] Reference Figure 17 The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the multifunctional fire experiment smoke collection, analysis and purification method of any one of the above.

[0064] The computer readable storage medium can be composed of a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a storage part, a communication part, a driver and an I / O interface. The CPU, the ROM and the RAM are in communication connection; the CPU, the ROM and the RAM are connected with the I / O interface through the communication connection; the I / O interface is connected with the storage part, the communication part and the driver respectively. The CPU (central processing unit) is responsible for executing instructions and processing data, and is the core operation unit of the system.

[0065] The ROM (read-only memory) stores firmware or fixed programs (such as BIOS), and the data is not lost after power failure.

[0066] The RAM (random access memory) temporarily stores programs and data in operation, and the data is lost after power failure.

[0067] The I / O interface (input / output interface) connects external devices (such as keyboard and display) to realize data interaction.

[0068] The storage part refers to a non-volatile storage device (such as a hard disk or an SSD), which is used for long-term data storage.

[0069] The driver refers to a storage driver (such as an optical drive or a hard disk drive).

[0070] This invention incorporates a smoke collection device. By folding the lower door panel upwards, adjacent door panels can be folded. Pushing the two door panels upwards causes them to slide along a rail, increasing the height of the folded door panel from the ground. This addresses the challenges of confined spaces and varying airflow conditions in scientific experiments. The folding door panels also allow for different ground-level heights, enabling the collection, analysis, and purification of smoke at varying flow rates under diverse fire conditions. Furthermore, this invention utilizes a spray purification device. Smoke enters the water tank through the inlet, passes through the bottom water pool, and then exits via an airflow channel. The bottom water pool and top spray water provide multiple purification cycles to the smoke. Water jets from multiple spray pipes flow downwards, counter-currently contacting the upward-flowing smoke. This achieves purification of soluble pollutants and particulate matter in the smoke, and the more uniform water distribution increases the contact area between water and smoke, enhancing the spray purification device's smoke absorption capacity. This invention innovatively integrates a gas analysis sensor, enabling real-time analysis of the combustion heat release rate and the chemical composition of combustion products, accurately determining the fuel combustion state and the hazardousness of its combustion products, and achieving automatic monitoring of heat release data. This system design significantly reduces the burden of manual operation, effectively improving experimental efficiency and overall safety. Through automated control, this invention can effectively regulate the pH value of circulating water. A pH detection subsystem detects the liquid pH and the water content in the tank, calculates the required feed amount for pH adjustment, and then adjusts the pH of the circulating water to cope with different waste gas experimental conditions in scientific research, while simultaneously neutralizing wastewater to achieve pollution-free emissions. This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing an executable program. When the program is executed by a processor to implement the above purification method, it can simultaneously record the different changes in output signals under different experimental conditions.

[0071] This invention is suitable for scientific research laboratories and similar facilities. Its application can be expanded to various production units, including fire testing, chemical processing, and machinery manufacturing, through adjustments to size and module configuration. Furthermore, this invention includes the collection and purification of chemical gases, and is applicable to various types of gaseous and fine particulate matter fumes generated during experiments or production processes, such as fine oil mist, carbon particles, metal particles, and aerosols.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foldable fume hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning treatment system, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a smoke collecting device (1), a spray purification device (4), an adsorption device (6), an exhaust device (7), a gas analysis sensing device (8) and a purification system. The top of the smoke collecting device (1) is fixedly connected with a first conduit (2), the bottom end of the first conduit (2) is fixedly connected with a second conduit (3), one end of the second conduit (3) is provided with a spray purification device (4), and the spray purification device (4) is used for adsorbing and purifying soluble pollutants and particulate matters. The top of the spray purification device (4) is fixedly connected with a third conduit (5), one end of the third conduit (5) away from the spray purification device (4) is provided with an adsorption device (6), and the adsorption device (6) is used for adsorbing and purifying harmful gases. One end of the adsorption device (6) away from the third conduit (5) is provided with an exhaust device (7), and the exhaust device (7) is used for providing air extraction capacity for the smoke collecting device (1) and discharging flue gas after purification by the spray purification device (4) and the adsorption device (6). The first conduit (2) is provided with a gas analysis sensing device (8), and the gas analysis sensing device (8) is used for analyzing the composition, concentration and heat release parameter of flue gas collected by the smoke collecting device (1), so as to evaluate the fire hazard of corresponding materials or experimental conditions. The purification system adjusts purification parameters according to the analysis parameters of the gas analysis sensing device (8). The purification system includes a control subsystem, a container subsystem, a water circulation subsystem, a feeding subsystem and a pH detection subsystem. The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is used for controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in a water storage space when detecting a purification demand, and controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space. The water circulation subsystem communicates with the water storage space of the container subsystem, so as to inject liquid into the water storage space and move the liquid in the water storage space to the water circulation subsystem, thereby realizing water circulation of the liquid in the water storage space. The feeding subsystem is arranged adjacent to the water storage space, so as to feed the water storage space to adjust the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and improve the effect of absorbing flue gas. The pH detection subsystem is used for detecting the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and the liquid content in the water storage space. The smoke collecting device (1) includes a smoke collecting hood (11) and a plurality of door plates (12), the plurality of door plates (12) are installed at the bottom of the smoke collecting hood (11), and adjacent door plates (12) are hingedly arranged.

2. The foldable fume hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein, The upper end of the smoke collecting hood (11) is fixedly provided with a plurality of sliding rails (14), and the upper end of each door plate (12) is fixedly provided with a sliding block (15) matched with the sliding rail (14).

3. The foldable fume hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein, The spray cleaning device (4) comprises a water tank (41), one side of the water tank (41) is provided with an air inlet (42), the air inlet (42) is fixedly communicated with the second conduit (3), a plurality of partitions (43) are fixedly arranged in the water tank (41), and the water tank (41) is formed into an airflow channel by the plurality of partitions (43); a plurality of spray pipes (44) are fixedly arranged on the top of the water tank (41), the plurality of spray pipes (44) are connected with external tap water and used for spraying water into the flue gas in the water tank (41).

4. The foldable fume hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein, The exhaust device (7) comprises a fourth conduit (71), the fourth conduit (71) is fixedly communicated with the adsorption device (6), one end of the fourth conduit (71) away from the adsorption device (6) is provided with a centrifugal fan (72), one side of the centrifugal fan (72) is provided with an exhaust chimney (73), and the exhaust chimney (73) is used for discharging the flue gas after purification.

5. The foldable fume hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein, The gas analysis sensing device (8) comprises a sampling unit, an analysis unit and a control unit, the sampling unit and the analysis unit are arranged in the first conduit (2), the sampling unit is used for collecting the temperature, differential pressure and light path signal in the smoke pipe and collecting the internal sample gas, the analysis unit adopts a built-in sampling probe of the smoke pipe and transmits data to the control unit, the control unit is used for processing data and calculating the heat release data and generating the gas product composition, and is used for judging the combustion characteristics.

6. The foldable fume hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning system according to claim 3, wherein, The water circulation subsystem comprises a water pump (45), a connecting pipe (46), a water box (47) and a box body (49); the water box (47) is connected with the water pump (45) through the circulating water pipe (46), the water pump is connected with the water storage space of the container subsystem; the storage box (48) in the feeding subsystem is arranged adjacent to the box body (49); the upper portion of the water box (47) is provided with an air duct; the water box (47) and the storage box (48) are arranged in the box body (49).

7. A foldable fume hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: start the centrifugal fan (72) to make the smoke collecting device (1) absorb the laboratory flue gas, the flue gas is sucked into the first conduit (2) through the smoke collecting device (1), and then is sucked into the second conduit (3) through the first conduit (2); S2: the flue gas is sucked into the spray cleaning device (4) through the second conduit (3), the flue gas enters the water tank (41) from the air inlet (42), passes through the bottom water tank, and then is discharged according to the airflow channel, the bottom water tank and the top spray water purify the flue gas for multiple times, the water flow sprayed from the multiple spray pipes (44) flows from top to bottom, and the water flow is in countercurrent contact with the flue gas flowing from bottom to top, so that the soluble pollutants and particulate matters in the flue gas are treated, and the purified flue gas is sucked into the third conduit (5); S3: the flue gas is sucked into the adsorption device (6) through the third conduit (5), the adsorption device (6) absorbs the harmful gas discharged by the laboratory in the flue gas, and the purified flue gas is discharged through the exhaust chimney (73); S4: the gas analysis sensing device (8) analyzes the composition, concentration and heat release parameter of the flue gas collected by the smoke collecting device (1), and further evaluates the fire hazard of the corresponding material or experimental condition; The purification system adjusts the purification parameters according to the analysis parameters of the gas analysis sensing device (8).

8. The foldable fume hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning method according to claim 7, wherein, The purification system comprises a control subsystem, a container subsystem, a water circulation subsystem, a feeding subsystem and a pH detection subsystem; The control subsystem is electrically connected with the feeding subsystem and the water circulation subsystem respectively, and is configured to control the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected, and control the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space; The water circulation subsystem is in communication with the water storage space of the container subsystem, so as to inject liquid into the water storage space and move the liquid in the water storage space to the water circulation subsystem, thereby realizing water circulation of the liquid in the water storage space; The feeding subsystem is arranged adjacent to the water storage space, so as to feed the water storage space to adjust the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and improve the effect of absorbing flue gas; The pH detection subsystem is configured to detect the pH value of the liquid in the water storage space and the content of the liquid in the water storage space.

9. The foldable hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning method according to claim 8, wherein, Further comprising controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space when a purification demand is detected; and controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space.

10. The foldable hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning method according to claim 9, wherein, Further comprising: determining a first feeding amount and a first water circulation rate; controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space, comprising: controlling the water circulation subsystem to circulate water in the water storage space according to the first water circulation rate; controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space, comprising: controlling the feeding subsystem to feed the water storage space according to the first feeding amount.

11. The foldable hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning method according to claim 10, wherein, Determining a first feeding amount and a first water circulation rate, comprising: determining first liquid parameter information of the liquid in the water storage space; and determining the first feeding amount and the first water circulation rate according to the first liquid parameter information.

12. The foldable hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning method according to claim 11, wherein, Further comprising: recording a second water circulation rate of the water circulation subsystem and a second feeding amount of the feeding subsystem; controlling the pH detection subsystem to detect the pH in the water storage space to obtain first wastewater parameter information after the purification is completed; constructing a user database according to the second feeding amount, the first liquid parameter information, the first wastewater parameter information and flue gas analysis information of the gas analysis sensing device (8); controlling the second feeding amount of the feeding amount subsystem by using the user database.

13. The foldable hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning method according to claim 12, wherein, Determining first liquid parameter information of the liquid in the water storage space, comprising: determining an initial pH value of the purification system and the content of the liquid in the water storage space; determining the first liquid parameter information according to a detection result obtained by detecting the initial pH value and the content of the liquid in the water storage space.

14. The foldable hood and its multi-stage spray cleaning method according to claim 13, wherein, Further comprising: controlling the pH detection subsystem to detect the water storage space to obtain detection information; judging whether feeding is needed in the water storage space according to the detection information; judging that there is a feeding demand when the pH value in the water storage space is less than 7; judging that there is no feeding demand when the pH value in the water storage space is greater than 7.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the multifunctional flue gas collection, analysis and purification method of the fire experiment as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 14.

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