Biomass compact forming fuel particle processing equipment and processing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for granulating raw materials, in particular to biomass compact forming fuel particle processing equipment and a processing method. Biomass compact forming fuel particle processing equipment comprises a cylinder, a plurality of extrusion holes are annularly formed in the lower portion of the cylinder, insertion plates are fixed to the left end and the right end of the lower end of the cylinder, the two insertion plates are inserted into a tray in a clearance fit mode, the cylinder and the tray are coaxially arranged, and leakage holes are formed in the front portion of the tray. The invention discloses a biomass compact forming fuel particle processing method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting crop straws and livestock and poultry manure; s2, sorting the collected biomass raw materials, and removing stones and metal impurities mixed in the biomass raw materials; then carrying out crushing treatment; s3, the pretreated raw materials are conveyed to biomass compact forming fuel particle processing equipment to be extruded, the raw materials are extruded to pass through extrusion holes, and columnar fuel particles are formed; and S4, the produced briquette fuel particles are rapidly cooled through an air cooling or water cooling device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a device for granulating raw materials, more particularly to a biomass densified fuel pellet processing equipment and a processing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing environmental awareness and the rising demand for renewable energy, biomass densified fuel pellets are increasingly widely used in the energy field due to their advantages of being clean and efficient. The performance of biomass densified fuel pellet processing equipment, which is the key equipment for producing such fuel, directly affects the production efficiency and product quality. Inconvenient cleaning of the equipment has become a major problem that hinders efficient production. During the processing of fuel pellets, the material will be in various parts inside the equipment. Under the existing technology, cleaning these parts requires a lot of manpower and time. SUMMARY

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a biomass densified fuel pellet processing equipment and a processing method, which has the beneficial effect of facilitating the cleaning of the processing equipment.

[0004] A biomass densified fuel pellet processing equipment, comprising a cylinder, the lower part of the cylinder is annularly provided with a plurality of extrusion holes, the left and right ends of the lower end of the cylinder are each fixed with an insertion plate, the two insertion plates are gap-fitted and inserted on a tray, the cylinder and the tray are coaxially arranged, and the front part of the tray is provided with a leakage hole.

[0005] The insertion plate is provided with a clamping groove, the left and right ends of the lower side of the tray are each fixed with a tab, a slide column is slidingly connected to the tab, an end of the slide column is fixed with a clamping block, the lower side of the clamping block is provided with an inclined surface, the clamping block is inserted into the clamping groove, and a pressing screw is threadedly connected to the tab and pressed on the clamping block.

[0006] A biomass densified fuel pellet processing method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: collecting crop straw and livestock manure;

[0008] S2: sorting the collected biomass raw materials to remove stones and metal impurities mixed therein, and then crushing the raw materials;

[0009] S3: conveying the pretreated raw materials to the biomass densified fuel pellet processing equipment for extrusion, forming columnar fuel pellets through the extrusion holes;

[0010] S4: rapidly cooling the produced shaped fuel pellets through a wind cooling or water cooling device to reduce the temperature of the pellets to room temperature;

[0011] S5: packaging the fuel pellets meeting the quality standards to ensure that the packaging is tight to prevent the pellets from being damp and contaminated with impurities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0013] Figure 1 Structure of a biomass densification fuel pellet processing equipment Figure One ;

[0014] Figure 2 Structure of a biomass densification fuel pellet processing equipment Figure Two ;

[0015] Figure 3 Structure of a biomass densification fuel pellet processing equipment Figure Three ;

[0016] Figure 4 Structure of a biomass densification fuel pellet processing equipment Figure Four ;

[0017] Figure 5 Structure of a cylinder Figure One ;

[0018] Figure 6 Structure of a cylinder Figure Two ;

[0019] Figure 7 Structure of a cylinder Figure Three ;

[0020] Figure 8 Structure of a spiral blade Figure One ;

[0021] Figure 9 Structure of a spiral blade Figure Two ;

[0022] Figure 10 Structure of a bracket Figure One ;

[0023] Figure 11 Structure of a bracket Figure Two ;

[0024] Figure 12 Structure of an inclined sieve plate

[0025] In the figure: cylinder 101; tapered cylinder 102; tray 103; leakage hole 104; extrusion hole 105; convex seat 106; plug plate 107; pressure screw 108; sliding column 109; tab 110; clamping block 111;

[0026] Spiral blade 201; motor one 202; motor two 203; motor frame two 204; motor frame one 205; rotating rod 206; telescopic rod 207; sliding seat 208; elastic rod 209; steel wire brush 210; cutter 211; vertical column 212;

[0027] Support 301; toggle lever 302; motor three 303; bottom beam 304; collection box 305; threaded column 306;

[0028] Inclined sieve plate 401; protruding block 402; round rod 403; baffle 404. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] As Figures 5-6 shown;

[0030] Since the biomass densification fuel particle processing equipment includes a cylinder 101, the lower part of the cylinder 101 is annularly provided with a plurality of extrusion holes 105, the left and right ends of the lower end of the cylinder 101 are integrally formed with an insertion plate 107, the two insertion plates 107 are gap-fitted on the tray 103, the cylinder 101 and the tray 103 are coaxially arranged, the front part of the tray 103 is provided with a leakage hole 104, the cylinder 101 is detachably connected to the tray 103 through the insertion plate 107, and in Figures 5-7 order to facilitate observation of the internal structure of the cylinder 101, the front half of the cylinder 101 is removed, the actual horizontal cross section of the cylinder 101 is circular, which can facilitate separation between the cylinder 101 and the tray 103, and thus facilitate cleaning of the tray 103 and the cylinder 101; the raw material is placed in the cylinder 101 and pressed, and then the raw material is extruded from the plurality of extrusion holes 105, the extruded raw material is cut off, and thus the processing of the fuel particles is completed; the fuel particles are discharged from the leakage hole 104.

[0031] The biomass densification fuel particle processing equipment, as a key device for efficient production of fuel particles, one of its core components is the cylinder 101. The cylinder 101 has a unique structure, and a plurality of extrusion holes 105 are carefully arranged in the lower part. These extrusion holes 105 are arranged at precise intervals and uniform specifications, providing a key channel for the conversion of raw materials into fuel particles. At the left and right ends of the lower end of the cylinder 101, an insertion plate 107 is integrally formed. This integral molding method greatly enhances the connection strength between the insertion plate 107 and the cylinder 101, ensuring that there is no loosening or falling off during equipment operation.

[0032] The pallet 103, as a crucial component for bearing and conveying materials throughout the entire processing, is coaxially aligned with the cylinder 101, ensuring the stability and uniformity of materials during processing and conveying. A perforation 104 is specifically designed at the front of the pallet 103. This ensures the smooth discharge of processed fuel particles while preventing insufficiently processed raw materials or impurities from falling in and affecting product quality. The size of the perforation 104 is designed based on the average size of the processed fuel particles. After sufficient processing, the fuel particles reach a certain specification and shape, with relatively uniform size and conforming to specific standards. The diameter or aperture of the perforation is designed to be slightly larger than the average size of these qualified fuel particles, allowing the fuel particles to pass smoothly through the perforation under the influence of gravity or other external forces. Simultaneously, insufficiently processed raw materials or impurities, due to their larger size than qualified fuel particles, have difficulty passing through these relatively smaller perforations and are thus blocked on the pallet.

[0033] The cylinder 101 is detachably connected to the tray 103 via the insert plate 107. After a period of use, some raw materials and impurities will inevitably remain inside the cylinder 101 and the tray 103. The detachable connection allows operators to easily separate the cylinder 101 and the tray 103. This makes it very convenient to clean the extrusion orifice 105 inside the cylinder 101 to prevent blockage and affect the extrusion effect, and to thoroughly clean the material remaining on the surface of the tray 103, effectively improving equipment maintenance efficiency and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0034] When processing fuel pellets, pre-treated biomass feedstock is first placed inside cylinder 101. Then, pressure is applied to the feedstock using a matching pressing device. Under pressure, the feedstock is gradually compacted inside cylinder 101 and begins to be extruded from multiple extrusion orifices 105. At this point, the extruded feedstock appears as long, thin strips. Next, a cutting device, such as a rotary cutter or reciprocating cutter, installed in a suitable position, cuts the strips of feedstock to a set length. These cut segments are the fuel pellets we need. The processed fuel pellets are then discharged under gravity from the drain hole 104 at the front of tray 103, entering subsequent collection and packaging processes, completing the entire fuel pellet processing flow.

[0035] like Figures 5-7 As shown;

[0036] Because the insert plate 107 has a slot, both the left and right ends of the lower side of the tray 103 are welded with protrusions 110. A sliding post 109 is slidably connected to the protrusion 110, and a locking block 111 is welded to the end of the sliding post 109. The lower side of the locking block 111 has an inclined surface. The locking block 111 is inserted into the slot. A pressure screw 108 is threaded onto the protrusion 110 and presses against the locking block 111. The pressure screw 108 is generally a slender cylinder. One end is a threaded section with standard external threads, which matches the pre-set internal thread hole on the protrusion 110, ensuring a tight engagement during threaded connection and providing reliable tightening force. The other end of the pressure screw 108 is a head, which is hexagonal in shape, facilitating tightening or loosening using tools such as wrenches. The head is larger than the threaded section to provide sufficient force application area during operation.

[0037] After the locking block 111 is inserted into the slot, the operator can gradually press it down by rotating the pressure screw 108 until it is firmly pressed onto the locking block 111. The threaded connection of the pressure screw 108 provides precise pressure adjustment. The operator can tighten the pressure screw 108 to the appropriate degree as needed to ensure that the locking block 111 is firmly locked in the slot, preventing the locking block 111 from accidentally coming out during equipment operation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the connection between the cylinder 101 and the tray 103.

[0038] When the cylinder 101 needs to be removed from the tray 103 for cleaning or maintenance, the operator simply needs to rotate the pressure screw 108 in the opposite direction to release the pressure on the locking block 111. Then, the locking block 111 is manually slid outward along the slide post 109 to disengage it from the slot. At this point, the insert plate 107 is no longer restricted by the locking block 111, and the operator can easily pull the cylinder 101 out of the tray 103, completing the disassembly process. This connection and disassembly method is simple, convenient, and quick, greatly improving the maintenance efficiency of the equipment.

[0039] like Figures 5-7 As shown;

[0040] Since a cone 102 is provided at the upper part of the cylinder 101, the opening size at the upper part of the cylinder 101 is enlarged by the cone 102, making it easier to put the raw materials into the cylinder 101.

[0041] like Figures 5-9 As shown;

[0042] A boss 106 is welded to the rear side of the cylinder 101, and bolts are threaded onto the boss 106. The rear of the motor frame 205 is inserted into the boss 106. The motor frame 205 has circular through holes for the corresponding bolts. The bolts are inserted into the circular through holes to fix the motor frame 205 onto the boss 106. A motor 202 is connected to the motor frame 205, and a spiral blade 201 is fixed on the output shaft of the motor 202. The spiral blade 201 is inserted into the cylinder 101. The motor 202 drives the spiral blade 201 to rotate, which in turn pushes the raw material downward, facilitating the extrusion of the raw material from the multiple holes 104. The motor frame 205 is detachably connected to the boss 106, allowing the spiral blade 201 to be disassembled. When the equipment needs maintenance, cleaning, or replacement of the spiral blade 201, the operator only needs to rotate the fastening screw in the opposite direction to remove it from the motor frame 205. Then, the motor bracket 205 can be easily pulled off the boss 106, and the motor 202 and the propeller blade 201 connected to the motor bracket 205 can be removed together. This detachable design greatly shortens the equipment maintenance time, improves the equipment's efficiency, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0043] Alternatively, both the front and rear sides of the cylinder 101 are welded with bosses 106, and bolts are threaded onto both bosses 106. The motor frame 205 is gate-shaped, and its front and rear ends are respectively inserted into the two bosses 106. The front and rear positions of the motor frame 205 are provided with corresponding circular through holes for bolts. The bolts on the two bosses 106 are respectively inserted into the two circular through holes. The front and rear positions of the motor frame 205 are fixed by the two bosses 106, making the motor frame 205 more stable and preventing the spiral blade 201 from becoming unstable when rotating and pushing the raw material downward.

[0044] like Figures 5-9 As shown;

[0045] Motor frame 204 is bolted to the upper side of motor frame 1 205. Motor frame 203 is connected to motor frame 204. A rotating rod 206 is connected to the upper output shaft of motor frame 203. A vertical column 212 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating rod 206. A cutter 211 is connected to the lower end of the vertical column 212. The end of the cutter 211 contacts the lower outer circumference of the cylinder 101. Motor frame 203 is stably connected to motor frame 204, which provides reliable support and fixation for motor frame 203. The connection between the upper output shaft of motor frame 203 and rotating rod 206 ensures that the power output of motor frame 203 is stably and efficiently transmitted to rotating rod 206, driving rotating rod 206 to rotate.

[0046] The rotating rod 206 plays a crucial role in transmission and positioning during rotation. A vertical column 212 is securely fixed to the lower end of the rotating rod 206. The vertical column 212 extends vertically downwards, with its lower end connected to the cutter 211. This structural design allows the cutter 211 to move in a circular motion around the cylinder 101 as the rotating rod 206 rotates.

[0047] The end of the cutter 211 maintains close contact with the lower outer periphery of the cylinder 101. When motor 1 202 drives the spiral blade 201 to push the raw material out of multiple extrusion holes 105 at the bottom of the cylinder 101, motor 203 drives the rotating rod 206 to rotate, thereby causing the cutter 211 to rotate around the cylinder 101. During rotation, the cutter 211 accurately cuts the slender raw material strips extruded from the extrusion holes 105. By precisely controlling the rotation speed of motor 203, the rotation speed of the rotating rod 206 can be controlled, thus adjusting the cutting frequency of the cutter 211 and controlling the length of the fuel pellets to meet different production needs.

[0048] like Figures 8-9 As shown;

[0049] Since a slide block 208 is vertically slidably connected to the vertical column 212, and a telescopic rod 207 is connected to the vertical column 212, the movable end of the telescopic rod 207 is connected to the slide block 208, and an elastic rod 209 is connected to the slide block 208, and a wire brush 210 is fixed on the elastic rod 209, when it is necessary to clean the multiple clogged extrusion holes 105, the telescopic rod 207 drives the slide block 208, the elastic rod 209 and the wire brush 210 to move downward, so that the wire brush 210 moves to the multiple extrusion holes 105, and then the elastic rod 209 gives the wire brush 210 a spring force, so that the wire brush 210 presses on the multiple extrusion holes 105 by the spring force;

[0050] The slide 208 serves as a carrier for connecting and supporting other cleaning components. During its downward movement, it causes the connected elastic rod 209 and wire brush 210 to descend synchronously. The elastic rod 209 is typically made of a metal material with good elasticity and toughness, or a high-strength elastic plastic. One end is fixed to the slide 208, and the other end is connected to the wire brush 210.

[0051] When the slide block 208 moves the elastic rod 209 and the wire brush 210 to a position flush with the extrusion orifice 105, the elastic rod 209 exerts its unique elastic effect. Due to its inherent elastic properties, the elastic rod 209 is in a naturally extended state when not subjected to external force. However, when the slide block 208 lowers it to the vicinity of the extrusion orifice 105, it undergoes a certain deformation due to the change in position, thereby applying an outward elastic force to the wire brush 210. This elastic force causes the wire brush 210 to press tightly against the multiple extrusion orifices 105.

[0052] The bristles of the wire brush 210 are made of high-quality steel wire, possessing sufficient hardness and wear resistance, effectively removing raw material residue and impurities from the extrusion orifice 105. Meanwhile, if the motor 203 drives the rotating rod 206 to continue rotating, the rotating rod 206 causes the vertical column 212 and the entire cleaning structure connected to it to move in a circular motion around the cylinder 101. During this circular motion, the wire brush 210 continuously scrapes the inner wall of the extrusion orifice 105, clearing out the raw material clogging the orifice one by one, restoring the unobstructed flow of the extrusion orifice 105, and ensuring the equipment can continuously and stably produce high-quality fuel pellets.

[0053] like Figure 12 As shown;

[0054] Two round rods 403 are fixed to the lower side of the tray 103. A baffle 404 is fixed to the lower end of each round rod 403. A protrusion 402 is vertically slidably connected to each round rod 403. Two compression springs are sleeved on the round rod 403. The two compression springs are located on both sides of the protrusion 402. The upper part of the inclined screen plate 401 is fixed to the front of the two protrusions 402. The inclined screen plate 401 is located below the hole 104. The fuel particles falling from the hole 104 will fall on the inclined screen plate 401. The inclined screen plate 401 can slide vertically on the two round rods 403 through the two protrusions 402 on it, so that the inclined screen plate 401 can vibrate up and down.

[0055] In the discharge stage of the biomass compacted fuel pellet processing equipment, the structure located beneath the tray 103 significantly optimizes the fuel pellet screening process. Two round rods 403 are securely fixed to the underside of the tray 103 via welding or bolting. These two round rods 403 extend vertically downwards in a parallel configuration, providing a stable support structure for the installation and operation of subsequent components.

[0056] At the lower end of each round rod 403, a baffle 404 is fixedly connected to it. The baffle 404 plays a crucial role; it not only prevents other parts on the round rod 403 from slipping off, but also increases the contact area between the round rod 403 and the placement surface to a certain extent, thereby improving the stability of the entire device when placed.

[0057] On each of the round rods 403, protrusions 402 are vertically slidably connected. A precise sliding fit design is used between the protrusions 402 and the round rods 403 to ensure that the protrusions 402 can slide smoothly up and down along the round rods 403 without wobbling or shifting. To achieve the up-and-down vibration function of the inclined screen plate 401, two compression springs are also sleeved on the round rods 403, located on either side of the protrusions 402. These compression springs are made of an alloy material with good elasticity and high strength, capable of withstanding frequent compression and rebound during equipment operation without deformation or damage.

[0058] The upper part of the inclined screen plate 401 is reliably fixed to the front of the two protrusions 402 by welding, riveting, or bolting. The inclined screen plate 401 is set at an angle and is located directly below the drain hole 104. When fuel particles fall from the drain hole 104, they will land precisely on the inclined screen plate 401. During equipment operation, due to various reasons, such as the vibration of the equipment itself and the impact force generated when the fuel particles fall, the protrusions 402 on the inclined screen plate 401 will undergo vertical displacement on the round rod 403. When the protrusion 402 moves downward, the compression spring below it will be compressed, storing elastic potential energy; when the protrusion 402 moves upward, the compressed spring below will release elastic potential energy, pushing the protrusion 402 to rebound upward, while the spring above will be compressed again. This cycle repeats, allowing the inclined screen plate 401 to continuously slide vertically on the two round rods 403 via the two protrusions 402, thereby producing an up-and-down vibration effect.

[0059] The up-and-down vibration of the inclined screen plate 401 effectively screens the fuel pellets that fall onto it. Smaller particles or impurities fall through the screen holes of the inclined screen plate 401 during the vibration, while fuel pellets that meet the specifications roll along the inclined surface of the inclined screen plate 401 to a designated collection location. This design greatly improves the efficiency and quality of fuel pellet screening, reduces the workload of manual screening, and also enhances the automation level and production efficiency of the entire biomass compacted fuel pellet processing equipment.

[0060] like Figures 10-11 As shown;

[0061] Because the left and right sides of the tray 103 are connected to the brackets 301 by bolts, and the bottom beam 304 is fixed between the lower ends of the two brackets 301, a motor 303 is fixed on one of the brackets 301, and a lever 302 is fixed on the output shaft of the motor 303. The lever 302 is located on the lower side of the inclined screen plate 401. The brackets 301 can support the tray 103, and the motor 303 can drive the lever 302 to rotate, and the lever 302 can make the inclined screen plate 401 vibrate up and down.

[0062] Both sides of the pallet 103 are connected to the support frame 301 by bolts. Bolt connections are not only convenient to operate but also allow for tightness adjustment as needed, ensuring a stable and reliable connection between the pallet 103 and the support frame 301. These two supports 301 extend vertically downwards, and their lower ends are securely fixed to the bottom beam 304 by welding or bolting. The bottom beam 304 acts as the "foundation" of the equipment, tightly connecting the two supports 301 into a single unit. This significantly enhances the stability and load-bearing capacity of the entire support structure, firmly supporting the pallet 103 and the cylindrical component 101 placed on it, ensuring that the equipment will not shake or tip over during operation.

[0063] The actuating lever 302 is mounted on the output shaft of motor 303, located below the inclined screen plate 401. When motor 303 starts, its output shaft drives the actuating lever 302 to rotate upward. As the actuating lever 302 rotates upward, the lower surface of the inclined screen plate 401 at the end of the actuating lever 302 contacts and applies an upward thrust. At this time, the protrusion 402 on the upper part of the inclined screen plate 401 slides upward along the round rod 403, and the compression spring on the round rod 403 above the protrusion 402 is compressed. Then, when the actuating lever 302 rotates downward, it disengages from the inclined screen plate 401, and the inclined screen plate 401 quickly falls back downward under its own weight and the rebound force of the compressed spring. This cycle repeats continuously, and as motor 303 continuously drives the actuating lever 302 to swing up and down, the inclined screen plate 401 continuously vibrates up and down. During the up and down swing of the actuating lever 302, no other components interfere.

[0064] This design, where the toggle lever 302, driven by motor 303, swings up and down, causing the inclined screen plate 401 to vibrate, improves the fuel particle screening effect. During the vibration of the inclined screen plate 401, the fuel particles falling onto it are more thoroughly screened, effectively improving screening efficiency and ensuring that only fuel particles meeting specifications are collected, thus enhancing product quality. Simultaneously, the support frame 301 provides stable and reliable support for the tray 103, providing a solid foundation for the smooth operation of the entire process and enabling the equipment to run stably for extended periods.

[0065] like Figures 10-12 As shown;

[0066] Two threaded posts 306 are inserted into the bottom beam 304. Nuts are connected to the rear of the two threaded posts 306 by threads. A collection box 305 is fixed to the front of the two threaded posts 306. The collection box 305 is provided with two collection areas, one of which is located below the inclined screen plate 401, and the other is located below the front of the inclined screen plate 401.

[0067] The front parts of the two threaded posts 306 are securely fixed to the collection box 305 by welding or other strong connection methods. The collection box 305, as the final collection container for fuel particles, is carefully divided into two collection areas. This partitioned design is for better sorting and collection of fuel particles after they have been screened by the inclined sieve plate 401.

[0068] One collection area is precisely located in front of the inclined screen plate 401. As fuel particles pass through the inclined screen plate 401, larger particles that meet the specifications will roll down the inclined surface of the inclined screen plate 401 into this collection area. These particles fall directly into this area under the influence of gravity, completing the initial collection. The other collection area is located below the front part of the inclined screen plate 401. After being screened by the inclined screen plate 401, smaller particles or impurities are more likely to fall through the screen holes during the vibration of the inclined screen plate 401 and will fall into the collection area on the other side.

[0069] When the cylinder 101 is connected to the corresponding slots on the tray 103 via two insert plates 107 at its lower end, the cylinder 101 is automatically coaxially mounted with the tray 103. This coaxial arrangement ensures that the material exiting the cylinder 101 is transferred to the tray 103 in the most stable manner. After the material is extruded from the extrusion hole 105, because the cylinder 101 and the tray 103 are coaxial, the material is evenly distributed on the tray 103, thus ensuring stable product quality and uniform output when discharged from the drain hole 104. During equipment operation, the clearance fit between the insert plates 107 and the slots ensures a stable connection between the cylinder 101 and the tray 103 while allowing a small buffer space between them during equipment vibration, reducing stress concentration caused by rigid connections and effectively extending the service life of the equipment. Furthermore, when cleaning the equipment, operators can easily pull the cylinder 101 off the tray 103. Due to the simple connection structure and small exposed surface, cleaning dead spots are greatly reduced, and cleaning efficiency is significantly improved.

[0070] The multiple extrusion orifices 105 can be configured to have different shapes, and different shapes of extrusion orifices will result in extruded materials with different cross-sectional shapes, increasing the diversity of fuel particles.

[0071] Fuel pellets produced by circular extrusion orifices have a more uniform texture and relatively regular pores, which facilitates the even penetration of oxygen during combustion and makes the combustion process more stable. If some extrusion orifices are designed as narrow rectangles, the produced pellets will form a plate-like structure. When the fuel pellets accumulate and burn, these plate-like structures will form larger gaps, increasing the contact area between the fuel and air, allowing sufficient oxygen to be quickly obtained in the early stages of combustion, accelerating the combustion speed, and improving ignition performance.

[0072] Fuel pellets produced with irregularly shaped orifices, such as triangular ones, have their edges and corners consumed first during combustion, forming a unique combustion path. Compared to pellets with conventional shapes, their combustion rate is initially fast and then slows down. By rationally combining the number and distribution of different shaped orifices, the overall combustion rate of the fuel pellets can be controlled to meet the requirements of different combustion scenarios for combustion duration and intensity. For example, in the ignition stage of industrial kilns that require rapid heating, more irregularly shaped pellets that can accelerate the combustion rate are used; while in scenarios such as home fireplaces that require long-term stable heating, the proportion of pellets produced with conventionally shaped orifices, such as round ones, can be appropriately increased.

[0073] Fuel pellets produced with extrusion orifices featuring serrated or corrugated edges have a higher surface roughness. During storage and transportation, these rough surfaces significantly increase the friction between pellets, reducing displacement and wear caused by shaking and vibration, preventing pellet breakage, reducing fine powder production, and improving the storage stability of fuel pellets.

[0074] For some biomass raw materials with high fiber content and poor flowability, elliptical extrusion orifices can guide material flow to a certain extent. Compared with circular orifices, their long axis provides more space for material flow, reducing material resistance during the extrusion process, reducing equipment wear, and improving production efficiency.

[0075] If the biomass feedstock itself has a certain fiber orientation or block structure, a specific shape of extrusion orifice can be matched to it, better preserving the structural characteristics of the feedstock and improving the molding quality. For example, for feedstocks with fiber bundle structure such as bagasse, using an extrusion orifice with slits can make the fiber bundles align along the slit direction during extrusion, enhancing the internal bonding force of the pellets, reducing internal defects, and improving the overall strength of the fuel pellets.

[0076] As the cutter 211 pushes the fuel particles down from the duct 104 once for each rotation, the inclined screen plate 401 is driven to move upward rapidly by the lever 302, causing the fuel particles to collide with the inclined screen plate 401. For some fuel particles that need to be further crushed or refined, the collision between the particles and the inclined screen plate can generate impact force, causing the particles to break during the collision with the screen plate or with each other, producing broken fuel particles. Broken fuel particles help improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel.

[0077] Impact helps to displace particles that might otherwise clog the screen holes, allowing them to pass through the screen more smoothly, thereby improving screening efficiency and accuracy, and making the screened fuel particles more uniform in size, meeting the stringent requirements for fuel particle size in different application scenarios.

[0078] During the impact process, some impurities attached to the surface of fuel particles can be shaken off. At the same time, smaller impurity particles may be more easily removed through the sieve holes, thereby improving the purity of fuel particles and reducing the wear of impurities on combustion equipment and their adverse effects on the combustion process.

[0079] For fuel particles that are not easily broken, the inclined screen plate 401 is driven to move upward rapidly by the toggle rod 302, causing the fuel particles falling on the inclined screen plate 401 to bounce upward. The particles that bounce upward create gaps between them, and the impact makes the distribution of fuel particles on the inclined screen plate more loose, increasing the contact surface between fuel particles and air, accelerating moisture evaporation, improving drying efficiency, reducing the moisture content of the fuel, and improving the quality and combustion performance of the fuel.

[0080] A method for processing biomass densely molded fuel pellets includes the following steps:

[0081] S1: Collect crop straw and livestock manure;

[0082] S2: The collected biomass raw materials are sorted to remove stones and metal impurities; then they are crushed.

[0083] S3: The pre-treated raw materials are transported to the biomass compacted fuel pellet processing equipment for extrusion. The pellets are extruded through the extrusion holes to form columnar fuel pellets.

[0084] S4: The produced shaped fuel pellets are rapidly cooled using an air-cooling or water-cooling device to reduce their temperature to room temperature;

[0085] S5: Pack fuel pellets that meet quality standards, ensuring the packaging is airtight to prevent the pellets from getting damp or contaminated with impurities.

Claims

1. A biomass compacted fuel pellet processing device, comprising a cylinder (101), characterized in that: The lower part of the cylinder (101) is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes (105) in an annular shape. Both the left and right ends of the lower end of the cylinder (101) are fixed with insert plates (107). The two insert plates (107) are inserted into the tray (103) with a gap fit. The cylinder (101) and the tray (103) are coaxially arranged. The front part of the tray (103) is provided with a drain hole (104).

2. The biomass densely molded fuel pellet processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insert plate (107) is provided with a slot, and the left and right ends of the tray (103) are fixed with protrusions (110). A sliding column (109) is slidably connected to the protrusion (110). A locking block (111) is fixed to the end of the sliding column (109). A slope is provided on the lower side of the locking block (111). The locking block (111) is inserted into the slot. A pressure screw (108) is threaded on the protrusion (110). The pressure screw (108) presses on the locking block (111).

3. The biomass densely molded fuel pellet processing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cone (102) is provided on the upper part of the cylinder (101).

4. The biomass densely molded fuel pellet processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A boss (106) is fixed to the rear side of the cylinder (101). The boss (106) is connected to a bolt by a thread. The rear part of the motor frame (205) is inserted into the boss (106). The motor frame (205) is provided with a circular through hole corresponding to the bolt. The bolt is inserted into the circular through hole to fix the motor frame (205) onto the boss (106). A motor (202) is fixed on the motor frame (205). A spiral blade (201) is fixed on the output shaft of the motor (202). The spiral blade (201) is inserted into the cylinder (101).

5. The biomass densely molded fuel pellet processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second motor frame (204) is fixed on the upper side of the first motor frame (205), a second motor (203) is fixed on the second motor frame (204), a rotating rod (206) is fixed on the upper output shaft of the second motor (203), a vertical column (212) is fixed on the lower side of the end of the rotating rod (206), a cutter (211) is fixed on the lower end of the vertical column (212), and the end of the cutter (211) is in contact with the lower outer periphery of the cylinder (101).

6. The biomass dense-forming fuel pellet processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A slide block (208) is vertically slidably connected to the vertical column (212), and a telescopic rod (207) is fixed on the vertical column (212). The movable end of the telescopic rod (207) is fixed on the slide block (208), and an elastic rod (209) is fixed on the slide block (208). A wire brush (210) is fixed on the elastic rod (209).

7. The biomass dense-forming fuel pellet processing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two round rods (403) are fixed to the lower side of the tray (103). A baffle (404) is fixed to the lower end of each round rod (403). A protrusion (402) is vertically slidably connected to each round rod (403). Two compression springs are sleeved on the round rod (403). The two compression springs are located on both sides of the protrusion (402). The upper part of the inclined screen plate (401) is fixed to the front of the two protrusions (402). The inclined screen plate (401) is located below the leakage hole (104).

8. The biomass densely molded fuel pellet processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tray (103) is fixed with brackets (301) on both the left and right sides. A bottom beam (304) is fixed between the lower ends of the two brackets (301). A motor (303) is fixed on one of the brackets (301). A toggle rod (302) is fixed on the output shaft of the motor (303). The toggle rod (302) is located on the lower side of the inclined screen plate (401).

9. The biomass dense-forming fuel pellet processing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two threaded posts (306) are inserted into the bottom beam (304). Nuts are connected to the rear of the two threaded posts (306) by threads. A collection box (305) is fixed to the front of the two threaded posts (306). The collection box (305) is provided with two collection areas, one of which is located below the inclined screen plate (401), and the other collection area is located below the front of the inclined screen plate (401).

10. A method for processing biomass densely molded fuel pellets, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Collect crop straw and livestock manure; S2: The collected biomass raw materials are sorted to remove stones and metal impurities; then they are crushed. S3: The pre-treated raw materials are transported to the biomass compacted fuel pellet processing equipment for extrusion. The pellets are extruded through the extrusion holes to form columnar fuel pellets. S4: The produced shaped fuel pellets are rapidly cooled using an air-cooling or water-cooling device to reduce their temperature to room temperature; S5: Pack fuel pellets that meet quality standards, ensuring the packaging is airtight to prevent the pellets from getting damp or contaminated with impurities.

Images