A spindle compensation mechanism

Abstract

The application relates to a spindle compensation mechanism in the technical field of machine tool equipment, and the structure of the spindle compensation mechanism comprises the following: a shell, a rotating spindle arranged in the shell; a bearing chamber arranged on the tail end of the rotating spindle; a first bearing, a second bearing, a top ring, a first stop ring and a top force spring arranged in the bearing chamber; the first bearing and the second bearing are sleeved on the rotating spindle; the top ring is arranged between the first bearing and the second bearing, one end of the top ring abuts against the outer ring of the second bearing; one end of the top force spring abuts against the other end of the top ring, and the other end of the top force spring abuts against the outer ring of the first bearing; the first stop ring is arranged between the first bearing and the second bearing; one end of the first stop ring abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing, and the other end of the first stop ring abuts against the inner ring of the second bearing; a compensation gap is arranged in the bearing chamber; and the application has the technical effect of comprehensively compensating for the thermal deformation of the spindle and improving the machining precision of a working end face.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of machine tool equipment, and in particular to a spindle compensation mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In precision machining equipment such as machine tools and machining centers, the spindle compensation mechanism is a core component that ensures the high-speed and stable operation of the rotating spindle and improves machining accuracy. It needs to supply air to the air inlet through the air supply unit and oil to the oil inlet through the oil supply unit to achieve lubrication protection and isolation of impurities for the bearings, thereby extending the service life of the spindle.

[0003] Existing spindle compensation mechanisms mostly address thermal deformation through single-direction clearance design, and the on / off control of air and oil circuits is often independently set or manually operated. They generally suffer from incomplete thermal deformation compensation, inability to dynamically eliminate bearing clearance, and poor coordination between lubrication protection and compensation actions.

[0004] The aforementioned technologies suffer from drawbacks, such as incomplete spindle thermal deformation compensation leading to easy deviation of the working end face and limited machining accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a spindle compensation mechanism.

[0006] This application provides a spindle compensation mechanism, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A spindle compensation mechanism includes a housing, within which a rotating spindle is disposed. A bearing chamber is fitted at the tail end of the rotating spindle. The bearing chamber houses a first bearing, a second bearing, a top ring, a first retaining ring, and a force spring. The first and second bearings are mounted on the rotating spindle. The top ring is positioned between the first and second bearings, with one end abutting against the outer ring of the second bearing. One end of the force spring abuts against the other end of the top ring and the other end of the force spring abuts against the outer ring of the first bearing. The first retaining ring is positioned between the first and second bearings, with one end abutting against the inner ring of the first bearing and the other end abutting against the inner ring of the second bearing. A compensation gap is provided within the bearing chamber.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the compensation gap set in the bearing housing precisely offsets thermal deformation, ensuring machining accuracy. The heat generated during high-speed rotation of the spindle causes significant thermal expansion along its length. The compensation gap reserved in the bearing housing provides dedicated space for this thermal expansion, guiding the expansion towards the tail end and preventing displacement of the front working face. This comprehensively solves the impact of spindle thermal deformation on machining accuracy, effectively reducing problems such as missed cuts and over-cuts during part machining. It is particularly suitable for machine tools and other equipment with high machining accuracy requirements. The continuous clamping force applied by the top spring between the first and second bearings completely eliminates bearing... The inherent clearance of the bearings serves two purposes. First, it prevents axial movement and radial wobble caused by backlash during spindle operation, resulting in a more precise spindle rotation trajectory and reducing vibration interference with machining quality. Second, the backlash-free bearing fit improves the overall structural rigidity, making the spindle less prone to deformation under machining loads, further ensuring the stability of the machining process. It also reduces wear and tear on internal bearing components caused by backlash. The first retaining ring abuts against the inner rings of the two bearings, and the top ring, in conjunction with the top spring, acts on the outer rings of the two bearings. This structure, with separate inner and outer rings for limiting movement, ensures a more balanced stress distribution on the two bearings, preventing localized stress concentration in a single bearing.

[0009] Preferably, a connector is provided at one end of the housing, and a working cavity is provided inside the connector; a partition is provided inside the working cavity, and the partition divides the working cavity into an air replenishment zone and an oil replenishment zone; an air inlet is provided at one end of the air replenishment zone, and an air outlet is provided on one side of the air replenishment zone, and the air outlet communicates with the bearing chamber; an oil outlet is provided on one side of the oil replenishment zone, and an oil inlet is provided at one end of the oil replenishment zone, and the oil outlet communicates with the bearing chamber.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the oil replenishment zone is directly connected to the bearing chamber through the oil inlet and outlet, which can accurately deliver lubricating oil to the first and second bearings. The lubricating oil can form an oil film between the rolling elements and raceways of the bearing, which greatly reduces frictional resistance and mechanical wear. At the same time, the design of eliminating clearance with the top force spring further reduces the wear rate of the bearing during operation. The air replenishment zone introduces clean gas through the air inlet and then delivers it to the bearing chamber through the air outlet. This can effectively prevent dust, iron filings and other impurities in the external air from entering the bearing chamber, avoiding impurities from adhering to the bearing surface or mixing into the lubricating oil, preventing bearing jamming and accelerated wear, ensuring a clean operating environment for the spindle and bearings, reducing the risk of failure. The circulation of gas and lubricating oil can help remove some of the heat generated during the operation of the spindle, alleviate the temperature rise rate of the spindle and bearing chamber, and indirectly reduce thermal deformation.

[0011] Preferably, a baffle is provided in the working chamber, the baffle has the degree of freedom to move along the partition, and the air supply unit drives the baffle to slide through the air inlet; the partition is provided with a guide elongated hole, a sealing slide plate is slidably disposed in the guide elongated hole, and the baffle is disposed on the top of the sealing slide plate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the air supply unit can drive the baffle to slide along the partition by adjusting the intake pressure. The baffle is connected to the sealing slide plate, and the guide elongated hole on the partition plate provides a precise sliding track for the sealing slide plate. The baffle is fixed on the top of the sealing slide plate, and the two form a linked sealing combination to make the baffle slide stably.

[0013] Preferably, an air curtain groove is provided at one end of the bearing chamber, and an air curtain retaining ring is provided in the air curtain groove.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the air curtain groove can serve as a buffer and guide space for airflow. In conjunction with the air curtain baffle, the gas delivered from the air replenishment area to the bearing chamber can form a uniform and stable annular air curtain at the bearing chamber port.

[0015] Preferably, the working chamber is provided with two sets of opening structures, one set of opening structures located at the air outlet and the other set of opening structures located on the oil replenishment area; each opening structure includes a rotating shaft, a fixed rod, a support plate, a locking groove, a locking rod, and a locking spring; the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the working chamber; one end of the fixed rod is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and one end of the support plate is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, with the support plate and the locking rod arranged at an obtuse angle; the locking groove is located on the inner wall of the working chamber, above the rotating shaft, and the locking rod is rotatably mounted on one side of the locking groove; one end of the locking spring is rotatably mounted on the locking groove, and the other end of the locking spring is rotatably mounted on the locking rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the two sets of opening structures correspond to the air outlet and the oil replenishment area, respectively. When the air supply unit drives the baffle to slide through the air inlet, the baffle only triggers the fixed rod of the opening structure at the air outlet to rotate, thereby driving the support plate to open the air outlet. The opening structure of the oil replenishment area opens simultaneously. When the fixed rod rotates to the locking rod and breaks through the locking spring force to lock into the locking groove, the locking spring will drive the locking rod to reset, forming a reverse limit on the fixed rod. Combined with the support of the baffle by the gas blowing force, the fixed rod and the support plate can be locked in the current position, so that the air outlet can also maintain a stable open state, and the baffle is also kept in a certain position, ensuring the continuous supply of air to the bearing chamber and providing a stable guarantee for bearing heat dissipation and protection.

[0017] Preferably, the other end of the oil replenishment zone is provided with an oil inlet structure including an oil inlet cavity, a drive piston rod, an oil inlet plate, and a stop spring. One end of the oil inlet cavity is connected to the other end of the oil replenishment zone, and one end of the drive piston rod is slidably disposed at one end of the oil inlet cavity. The other end of the oil inlet cavity is connected to the oil inlet, and one end of the oil inlet plate is slidably disposed at the other end of the oil inlet cavity. One end of the stop spring is fixedly connected to the other end of the drive piston rod, and the other end of the stop spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the oil replenishment zone.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the air supply unit drives the baffle to slide to open the air outlet for replenishment, the baffle simultaneously presses against the drive piston rod, thereby pushing the oil inlet plate to slide open the oil inlet, allowing the oil to smoothly enter the replenishment area and finally be delivered to the bearing chamber. The stop spring is in a naturally extended state, which will generate a reverse pulling force on the drive piston rod, causing the oil inlet plate to tightly fit the corresponding position of the oil inlet cavity and firmly seal the oil inlet.

[0019] Preferably, a float is provided in the oil replenishment area, and the float has the freedom to move towards the baffle; an oil outlet structure is provided at the opening structure on the oil replenishment area, and the oil outlet structure includes a drive groove, a drive rod, a return spring, an opening cavity, and an oil baffle; the drive groove is provided on the working cavity and is located below the opening structure on the oil replenishment area; the opening cavity is provided in the connector, and both ends of the opening cavity are respectively connected to the drive groove and the oil outlet; the oil baffle is slidably provided in the opening cavity; the drive rod is provided in the drive groove, and one end of the drive rod is rotatably connected to the oil baffle; one end of the return spring is rotatably provided on the oil baffle, and the other end of the return spring is rotatably provided on the drive rod; the float is used to abut against the drive rod sliding along the drive groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, a float is installed in the oil replenishment zone. The function of the float is to trigger oil delivery based on changes in the oil level. When there is no oil accumulation in the oil replenishment zone, the float is in a low position and cannot make the drive rod slide. When the oil is continuously replenished and the level rises, the float will rise synchronously until it touches and pushes the drive rod to slide. This avoids the oil delivery structure from spinning idly when the oil volume is insufficient, and also prevents insufficient lubrication caused by the oil being delivered to the bearing chamber before reaching the standard. It realizes the adaptive start and stop of oil delivery based on the oil level, without the need for additional liquid level detection and control components. The oil delivery structure, opening structure, and oil inlet structure form a complete closed loop of action. The rotation of the opening structure not only provides conditions for air replenishment, but also triggers the drive rod to pop out through the return spring, preparing for the float to drive the action. After the oil inlet structure replenishes oil, the float rises to drive the oil delivery, so that the three key actions of air replenishment, oil inlet, and oil delivery are connected and coordinated in an orderly manner, which greatly improves the overall coordination of the bearing chamber air replenishment lubrication system and reduces the control error of multi-action coordination.

[0021] Preferably, the starting end of the rotating spindle is provided with a bearing structure, and the other end of the housing is provided with a mounting support. The mounting support divides the bearing structure into a first mounting chamber and a second mounting chamber. A third bearing is provided in the first mounting chamber and is sleeved on the rotating spindle. A fourth bearing is provided in the second mounting chamber and is sleeved on the rotating spindle. A compensation gap is provided in the second mounting chamber.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the spindle rotates at high speed, not only will the tail end expand due to heat, but the starting end will also undergo thermal deformation. The compensation gap in the second mounting chamber provides a dedicated release space for the thermal expansion at the starting end, guiding the expansion at the starting end away from the working end face, preventing the working end face from shifting due to expansion at both ends, and further ensuring the dimensional and positional accuracy of the parts. The third and fourth bearings are respectively installed in the first and second mounting chambers, and the starting end of the spindle is supported by mounting supports. The dual bearing support can significantly improve the radial rigidity of the spindle, reduce radial runout and vibration when the spindle rotates at high speed, and make the rotation trajectory of the spindle more precise.

[0023] Preferably, the rotating spindle is fitted with a second retaining ring, which is located between the first mounting chamber and the second mounting chamber. One end of the second retaining ring abuts against the inner ring of the third bearing, and the other end of the second retaining ring abuts against the inner ring of the fourth bearing.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the two ends of the second retaining ring abut against the inner rings of the third and fourth bearings respectively, which can directly limit the axial position of the two bearings on the rotating spindle, avoid axial offset during bearing assembly, ensure that the inner rings of the third and fourth bearings remain coaxial, and thus make the fit between the outer ring of the bearing and the mounting chamber more precise, reduce the radial runout during spindle operation, and lay the foundation for ensuring machining accuracy.

[0025] Preferably, a bearing mounting plate is fitted onto the outer ring of the fourth bearing; one end of the bearing mounting plate is provided with multiple sets of mounting holes, and multiple sets of compensating springs are provided in the multiple sets of mounting holes; one end of the compensating spring abuts against the side wall of the second mounting chamber, and the other end of the compensating spring abuts against the outer ring of the fourth bearing.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the spindle is prone to generating heat when it runs at high speed, which causes axial thermal expansion. The compensating spring has good elastic deformation capability. When the spindle drives the inner ring of the fourth bearing to move axially, the compensating spring can adaptively adjust the position of the outer ring of the fourth bearing through extension and retraction. In conjunction with the compensation clearance of the second mounting chamber, it provides sufficient axial movement space for the bearing. The compensating spring always applies a stable elastic thrust to the outer ring of the fourth bearing, which can compensate for the clearance caused by wear in real time, so that the rolling elements are always in close contact with the inner and outer rings, avoiding spindle shaking caused by excessive clearance.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] The compensation clearance in the bearing housing precisely offsets thermal deformation, ensuring machining accuracy. The heat generated during high-speed spindle rotation causes significant thermal expansion along its length. The compensation clearance in the bearing housing provides dedicated space for thermal expansion, guiding the expansion towards the tail end and preventing displacement of the front working face. This directly solves the impact of spindle thermal deformation on machining accuracy, effectively reducing issues such as missed cuts and overcuts during part machining. It is particularly suitable for machine tools and other equipment with high machining accuracy requirements. The top spring between the first and second bearings continuously applies a clamping force, completely eliminating the bearing's own clearance. On one hand, this prevents axial movement and radial wobble caused by clearance during spindle operation, making the spindle's rotation trajectory more precise and reducing vibration interference with machining quality. On the other hand, the clearance-free bearing fit improves the rigidity of the overall structure, making the spindle less prone to deformation under machining loads, further ensuring the stability of the machining process.

[0029] A float is installed in the oil replenishment zone. The float's function is to trigger oil delivery based on changes in the oil level. When there is no oil accumulation in the replenishment zone, the float is in a low position and cannot drive the drive rod. As oil is continuously replenished and the level rises, the float rises synchronously until it touches and pushes the drive rod to slide. This prevents the oil delivery structure from spinning idly when the oil level is insufficient, and also prevents insufficient lubrication caused by oil being delivered to the bearing chamber before reaching the required level. This achieves adaptive start and stop of oil delivery based on the oil level, eliminating the need for additional level detection and control components. The oil delivery structure, opening structure, and oil inlet structure form a complete closed-loop operation. The rotation of the opening structure not only provides conditions for air replenishment but also triggers the drive rod to pop out through the return spring, preparing for the float's driving action. After the oil inlet structure replenishes oil, the float rises to drive the oil delivery, allowing the three key actions of air replenishment, oil inlet, and oil delivery to be sequentially connected and coordinated in an orderly manner. This significantly improves the overall synergy of the bearing chamber air replenishment lubrication system and reduces control errors caused by multi-action coordination. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure.

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part B in the middle.

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part C in the middle.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Housing; 11. Rotating spindle; 12. Connecting component; 13. Mounting support component; 2. Bearing chamber; 21. First bearing; 22. Second bearing; 23. Top ring; 24. First retaining ring; 25. Top force spring; 26. Air curtain groove; 261. Air curtain retaining ring; 3. Working chamber; 31. Partition plate; 311. Guide elongated hole; 312. Sealing slide plate; 32. Air replenishment area; 321. Air inlet; 322. Air outlet; 33. Oil replenishment area; 331. Oil inlet; 332. Oil outlet; 333. Float block; 34. Baffle plate; 4. Opening structure; 41. Rotation 42. Shaft; 43. Fixed rod; 44. Support plate; 45. Locking groove; 46. Locking rod; 5. Oil outlet structure; 51. Drive groove; 52. Drive rod; 53. Return spring; 54. Opening cavity; 55. Oil baffle plate; 6. Bearing structure; 61. First mounting chamber; 611. Third bearing; 62. Second mounting chamber; 621. Fourth bearing; 63. Second retaining ring; 64. Bearing mounting plate; 641. Mounting hole; 642. Compensating spring; 7. Oil inlet structure; 71. Oil inlet cavity; 72. Drive piston rod; 73. Oil inlet plate; 74. Stop spring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0036] This application discloses a spindle compensation mechanism. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2The system includes a housing 1, within which a rotating main shaft 11 is disposed. A bearing chamber 2 is fitted onto the tail end of the rotating main shaft 11. The bearing chamber 2 contains a first bearing 21, a second bearing 22, a top ring 23, a first retaining ring 24, and a force spring 25. The first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22 are mounted on the rotating main shaft 11. The top ring 23 is positioned between the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22, with one end abutting against the outer ring of the second bearing 22. One end of the force spring 25 abuts against the other end of the top ring 23, and the other end abuts against the outer ring of the first bearing 21. The first retaining ring 24 is positioned between the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22, with one end abutting against the inner ring of the first bearing 21, and the other end abutting against the inner ring of the second bearing 22. The inner ring of bearing 2; a compensation gap is provided in bearing chamber 2; the rotating spindle 11 generates heat when it rotates. Since the rotating spindle 11 is a long shaft, the change in heat along its length is relatively large. By using the compensation gap in bearing chamber 2 at the tail end of the rotating spindle 11, the length of the rotating spindle 11 that expands moves backward, ensuring the accuracy of the front machining end of the rotating spindle 11. When the rotating spindle 11 expands and moves, the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22 move relative to each other. The clearance is eliminated by the continuous application of the clamping force by the clamping spring 25 between the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22. An air curtain groove 26 is provided at one end of bearing chamber 2, and an air curtain retaining ring 261 is provided in the air curtain groove 26. An annular air curtain is formed by the air curtain groove 26 and the air curtain retaining ring 261.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4A bearing structure 6 is provided at the starting end of the rotating spindle 11, and a mounting support 13 is provided at the other end of the housing 1. The mounting support 13 divides the bearing structure 6 into a first mounting chamber 61 and a second mounting chamber 62. A third bearing 611 is provided in the first mounting chamber 61 and is sleeved on the rotating spindle 11. A fourth bearing 621 is provided in the second mounting chamber 62 and is sleeved on the rotating spindle 11. A compensation gap is provided in the second mounting chamber 62. A second retaining ring 63 is sleeved on the rotating spindle 11. The second retaining ring 63 is located between the first mounting chamber 61 and the second mounting chamber 62, and one end of the second retaining ring 63 abuts against the inner ring of the third bearing 611. The other end of the second retaining ring 63 abuts against the inner ring of the fourth bearing 621; a bearing mounting plate 64 is fitted onto the outer ring of the fourth bearing 621; a plurality of mounting holes 641 are provided on one end of the bearing mounting plate 64, and a plurality of compensating springs 642 are provided in the plurality of mounting holes 641; one end of the compensating spring 642 abuts against the side wall of the second mounting chamber 62, and the other end of the compensating spring 642 abuts against the outer ring of the fourth bearing 621; similarly, the compensation clearance in the second mounting chamber 62 is also compensated backward by the length of the expansion of the rotating spindle 11, and the clearance of the fourth bearing 621 is eliminated by the continuous application of a clamping force between the mounting support 13 and the fourth bearing 621 by the plurality of compensating springs 642.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 One end of the housing 1 is provided with a connector 12, and the interior of the connector 12 is provided with a working cavity 3. A partition 31 is provided inside the working cavity 3, dividing the working cavity 3 into an air replenishment zone 32 and an oil replenishment zone 33. An air inlet 321 is provided at one end of the air replenishment zone 32, and an air outlet 322 is provided on one side of the air replenishment zone 32, communicating with the bearing chamber 2. An oil outlet 332 is provided on one side of the oil replenishment zone 33, and an oil inlet 331 is provided at one end of the oil replenishment zone 33, communicating with the bearing chamber 2. The oil replenishment unit and the air replenishment unit... The unit supplies oil and air to the working chamber 3 through the oil inlet 331 and the air inlet 321 respectively. The working chamber 3 is equipped with a baffle 34, which has the freedom to move along the partition 31. The partition 31 is provided with a guide elongated hole 311, and a sealing slide plate 312 is slidably arranged in the guide elongated hole 311. The baffle 34 is set on the top of the sealing slide plate 312. The airflow enters through the air inlet 321, driving the baffle 34 to slide along the partition 31. The baffle 34 drives the sealing slide plate 312 to slide upward, ensuring that there is no air leakage below the baffle 34 and making the baffle 34 slide stably.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3The working chamber 3 is equipped with two sets of opening structures 4. One set of opening structures 4 is located at the air outlet 322, and the other set of opening structures 4 is located on the oil replenishment area 33. The opening structure 4 includes a rotating shaft 41, a fixed rod 42, a support plate 43, a locking groove 44, a locking rod 45, and a locking spring 46. The rotating shaft 41 is rotatably mounted on the working chamber 3. One end of the fixed rod 42 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 41, and one end of the support plate 43 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 41. The support plate 43 and the locking rod 45 are arranged at an obtuse angle. The locking groove 44 is located on the inner wall of the working chamber 3, above the rotating shaft 41, and the locking rod 45 is rotatably mounted on the locking groove 44. On one side; one end of the locking spring 46 is rotatably mounted on the locking groove 44, and the other end of the locking spring 46 is rotatably mounted on the locking rod 45. The airflow pushes the baffle 34 to slide to the fixed rod 42. The baffle 34 pushes the fixed rod 42 to rotate around the rotating shaft 41. The rotation of the rotating shaft 41 drives the support plate 43 to rotate. The support plate 43 simultaneously abuts against the baffle 34. When the fixed rod 42 abuts against the locking rod 45 and breaks through the locking spring 46, it enters the locking groove 44. With the thrust of the airflow, the baffle 34 is held in a certain position. The opening structure 4 set at the air outlet 322 opens the air outlet 322 after the support plate 43 rotates, allowing the airflow to enter the bearing chamber 2 through the air outlet 322.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The other end of the oil replenishment zone 33 is provided with an oil inlet structure 7, including an oil inlet cavity 71, a drive piston rod 72, an oil inlet plate 73, and a stop spring 74. One end of the oil inlet cavity 71 is connected to the other end of the oil replenishment zone 33, and one end of the drive piston rod 72 is slidably disposed at one end of the oil inlet cavity 71. The other end of the oil inlet cavity 71 is connected to the oil inlet 331, and one end of the oil inlet plate 73 is slidably disposed at the other end of the oil inlet cavity 71. One end of the stop spring 74 is fixedly connected to the other end of the drive piston rod 72, and the other end of the stop spring 74 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the oil replenishment zone 33. When the baffle 34 slides to the other end of the oil replenishment zone 33 by airflow, the baffle 34 and the drive piston rod 72 slide into the oil inlet cavity 71. The pressure in the oil inlet cavity 71 causes the oil inlet plate 73 to slide, and the oil inlet plate 73 slides to open the oil inlet 331 to replenish oil to the oil replenishment zone 33.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3A float 333 is provided in the oil replenishment zone 33, and the float 333 has the freedom to move toward the baffle 34; an oil outlet structure 5 is provided at the opening structure 4 on the oil replenishment zone 33, and the oil outlet structure 5 includes a drive groove 51, a drive rod 52, a return spring 53, an opening body 54, and an oil baffle 55; the drive groove 51 is provided on the working cavity 3, and the drive groove 51 is located below the opening structure 4 on the oil replenishment zone 33; the opening body 54 is provided in the connector 12, and the two ends of the opening body 54 are respectively connected to the drive groove 51 and the oil outlet 332; the oil baffle 55 is slidably provided in the opening body 54; the drive rod 52 is set in the drive groove 51, and one end of the drive rod 52 is rotatably connected to the oil baffle plate 55; one end of the return spring 53 is rotatably set on the oil baffle plate 55, and the other end of the return spring 53 is rotatably set on the drive rod 52; the float 333 is used to abut against the drive rod 52 and slide along the drive groove 51; the baffle plate 34 slides to a certain position to make the support plate 43 set in the opening structure 4 of the oil replenishment area 33 rotate, and the rotation of the support plate 43 makes the drive rod 52 rotate by the force of the return spring 53. After the oil increases, the float 333 abuts against the drive rod 52 and makes the oil baffle plate 55 slide, opening the oil outlet 332 to allow oil to enter the bearing chamber 2.

[0042] The working principle of the spindle compensation mechanism in this application is as follows: A first bearing 21 and a second bearing 22 are housed in the bearing chamber 2 at the tail end of the rotating spindle 11. Through the combination of a top ring 23, a first retaining ring 24, and a top force spring 25, when the rotating spindle 11 heats up and expands, the compensation gap reserved in the bearing chamber 2 allows the rotating spindle 11 to move backward. The top force spring 25 continuously applies a clamping force to eliminate the play generated by the relative movement of the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22. The bearing structure 6 at the starting end of the rotating spindle 11 is divided into a first mounting chamber 61 and a second mounting chamber 62, housing a third bearing 611. The fourth bearing 621 and the second retaining ring 63, and the second mounting chamber 62 are reserved with compensation gaps. Multiple sets of compensation springs 642 on the bearing mounting plate 64 press against the outer ring of the fourth bearing 621. When the rotating spindle 11 expands, it absorbs deformation through the gaps, and the compensation springs 642 simultaneously eliminate the backlash, ensuring the machining accuracy of the rotating spindle 11. The air curtain groove 26 at one end of the bearing chamber 2 cooperates with the air curtain retaining ring 261 to continuously form a high-pressure air curtain, preventing dust, oil and other impurities from entering the interior of the bearing chamber 2. The working cavity 3 inside the connecting piece 12 is divided into an air replenishment area 32 and an oil replenishment area 33. The airflow comes from the air replenishment area. Air enters through inlet 321 of zone 32, pushing baffle 34 to slide along partition 31. Sealing slide plate 312 slides synchronously with baffle 34 to ensure airtightness. Baffle 34 pushes opening structure 4 at outlet 322 of replenishment zone 32, causing fixed rod 42 in opening structure 4 to rotate around rotating shaft 41, driving support plate 43 to abut against baffle 34. Locking rod 45 breaks through locking spring 46 and enters locking groove 44, opening outlet 322. Airflow enters bearing chamber 2 to achieve air curtain replenishment. When baffle 34 slides to the end of oil replenishment zone 33, it pushes drive piston rod 72 to compress stop spring 74. The pressure change in the oil inlet chamber 71 causes the oil inlet plate 73 to slide, opening the oil inlet 331 to replenish oil to the oil replenishment area 33. The float 333 in the oil replenishment area 33 moves with the rise of the oil level and abuts against the drive rod 52 of the oil outlet structure 5. The drive rod 52 drives the oil baffle 55 to slide through the reset spring 53. At the same time, the support plate 43 of the oil replenishment area 33 opening structure 4 rotates to assist in unlocking, the oil outlet 332 opens, and oil is injected into the bearing chamber 2 to achieve lubrication. After the air and oil supply stops, the baffle 34 loses the airflow thrust support and slides down along the partition 31 by its own weight, driving the various structures to reset.

[0043] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A spindle compensation mechanism characterized by: The application relates to a bearing chamber, which comprises a shell (1) provided with a rotating main shaft (11) inside; the tail end of the rotating main shaft (11) is sleeved with a bearing chamber (2); the bearing chamber (2) is provided with a first bearing (21), a second bearing (22), a top ring (23), a first blocking ring (24) and a top force spring (25); the first bearing (21) and the second bearing (22) are sleeved on the rotating main shaft (11); the top ring (23) is arranged between the first bearing (21) and the second bearing (22), one end of the top ring (23) abuts against the outer ring of the second bearing (22); one end of the top force spring (25) abuts against the other end of the top ring (23), and the other end of the top force spring (25) abuts against the outer ring of the first bearing (21); the first blocking ring (24) is arranged between the first bearing (21) and the second bearing (22); one end of the first blocking ring (24) abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing (21), and the other end of the first blocking ring (24) abuts against the inner ring of the second bearing (22); the bearing chamber (2) is provided with a compensation gap. One end of the shell (1) is provided with a connecting piece (12), the inside of the connecting piece (12) is provided with a working cavity (3); the working cavity (3) is provided with a partition plate (31), the working cavity (3) is divided into a gas supplement area (32) and an oil supplement area (33) by the partition plate (31); one end of the gas supplement area (32) is provided with an air inlet (321), one side of the gas supplement area (32) is provided with an air outlet (322), the air outlet (322) is communicated with the bearing chamber (2); one side of the oil supplement area (33) is provided with an oil outlet (332), one end of the oil supplement area (33) is provided with an oil inlet (331), and the oil outlet (332) is communicated with the bearing chamber (2). The working cavity (3) is provided with a baffle (34), the baffle (34) has the freedom of moving along the partition plate (31), and a gas supply unit drives the baffle (34) to slide through the air inlet (321); the partition plate (31) is provided with a guide long hole (311), the guide long hole (311) is slidably provided with a sealing sliding plate (312), and the baffle (34) is arranged on the top of the sealing sliding plate (312).

2. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the bearing chamber (2) is provided with an air curtain groove (26), and the air curtain groove (26) is provided with an air curtain blocking ring (261).

3. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: Two groups of opening structures (4) are arranged in the working cavity (3), one group of the opening structures (4) is located at the air outlet (322), and the other group of the opening structures (4) is located on the oil supplementing area (33); the opening structure (4) comprises a rotating shaft (41), a fixed rod (42), a support plate (43), a locking groove (44), a locking rod (45) and a locking spring (46); the rotating shaft (41) is rotationally arranged on the working cavity (3); one end of the fixed rod (42) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (41), one end of the support plate (43) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (41), and the support plate (43) and the locking rod (45) are arranged at an obtuse angle; the locking groove (44) is arranged on the inner wall of the working cavity (3), the locking groove (44) is located above the rotating shaft (41), and the locking rod (45) is rotationally arranged on one side of the locking groove (44); one end of the locking spring (46) is rotationally arranged on the locking groove (44), and the other end of the locking spring (46) is rotationally arranged on the locking rod (45).

4. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The other end of the oil supplementing area (33) is provided with an oil inlet structure (7) comprising an oil inlet cavity (71), a driving piston rod (72), an oil inlet plate (73) and a stop spring (74), one end of the oil inlet cavity (71) is communicated at the other end of the oil supplementing area (33), and one end of the driving piston rod (72) is slidingly arranged in one end of the oil inlet cavity (71); the other end of the oil inlet cavity (71) is communicated at the oil inlet (331), one end of the oil inlet plate (73) is slidingly arranged in the other end of the oil inlet cavity (71); one end of the stop spring (74) is fixedly connected to the other end of the driving piston rod (72), and the other end of the stop spring (74) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the oil supplementing area (33).

5. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The oil supplementing area (33) is provided with a floating block (333), the floating block (333) has the freedom to move towards the baffle (34); the opening structure (4) located on the oil supplementing area (33) is provided with an oil outlet structure (5), the oil outlet structure (5) comprises a driving groove (51), a driving rod (52), a reset spring (53), an opening cavity (54) and an oil baffle (55); the driving groove (51) is arranged on the working cavity (3), and the driving groove (51) is located below the opening structure (4) on the oil supplementing area (33); the opening cavity (54) is arranged in the connecting piece (12), and two ends of the opening cavity (54) are in communication with the driving groove (51) and the oil outlet (332) respectively; the oil baffle (55) is slidably arranged in the opening cavity (54); the driving rod (52) is arranged in the driving groove (51), one end of the driving rod (52) is rotatably connected to the oil baffle (55); one end of the reset spring (53) is rotatably arranged on the oil baffle (55), and the other end of the reset spring (53) is rotatably arranged on the driving rod (52); the floating block (333) is used for abutting against the driving rod (52) to slide along the driving groove (51).

6. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The starting end of the rotating main shaft (11) is provided with a bearing structure (6), the other end of the shell (1) is provided with a mounting support (13), the mounting support (13) divides the bearing structure (6) into a first mounting chamber (61) and a second mounting chamber (62); the first mounting chamber (61) is provided with a third bearing (611), and the third bearing (611) is sleeved on the rotating main shaft (11); the second mounting chamber (62) is provided with a fourth bearing (621), and the fourth bearing (621) is sleeved on the rotating main shaft (11); the second mounting chamber (62) is provided with a compensation gap.

7. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 6, wherein: The rotating main shaft (11) is sleeved with a second blocking ring (63), the second blocking ring (63) is located between the first mounting chamber (61) and the second mounting chamber (62), one end of the second blocking ring (63) abuts against the inner ring of the third bearing (611), and the other end of the second blocking ring (63) abuts against the inner ring of the fourth bearing (621).

8. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 6, wherein: The outer ring of the fourth bearing (621) is sleeved with a bearing mounting plate (64); one end of the bearing mounting plate (64) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes (641), a plurality of groups of compensation springs (642) are arranged in the mounting holes (641); one end of the compensation spring (642) abuts against the side wall of the second mounting chamber (62), and the other end of the compensation spring (642) abuts against the outer ring of the fourth bearing (621).

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