Particle material distribution device and distribution method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a particle material distribution device and a distribution method thereof.The device comprises a particle material sucking and distributing system, the particle material sucking and distributing system comprises a rotating shaft, a sucking assembly and a separation disc, the rotating shaft and the gravity direction form a preset angle, the sucking assembly and the separation disc are coaxially arranged and synchronously rotate, and the sucking assembly comprises a sucking barrel with a material passing hole formed in the center; at least two suction holes are formed in the suction cylinder, the separation disc is arranged below the material passing hole, when the suction holes are located in the first interval, the first negative pressure pipe can be opened, and the suction holes suck single particle materials; and when the suction hole sucking the particle materials is in the second interval, the first negative pressure pipe is closed, the sucked particle materials fall into the separation disc through the material passing hole, the negative pressure opening and closing system is used for opening or closing the first negative pressure pipe, and the particle material emptying system is used for emptying the particle materials in the suction barrel. In this way, efficient and continuous distribution of the single particle materials is achieved, and the efficiency, accuracy and convenience of distribution of the single particle materials are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automatic material dispensing, in particular to a granular material dispensing device and a dispensing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In some production scenarios, it is often necessary to dispense granular materials one by one, such as single-particle dispensing of capsules or tablets in the pharmaceutical industry. The current market multi-particle dispensing machines have low efficiency in particle dispensing and are prone to cause mixing or jamming in the flow channel, affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0003] There are two main principles for single-picking of granular bulk cargo: suction method and mask method. The suction method uses a suction tube of appropriate size to attract granular materials. In the absence of adhesion, only one particle can be sucked up each time. Because in addition to suction force, gravity is also relied on to remove the picked particles, which is a round-trip action from the source to the placement site. For example, the suction gun is manually sucked, but manual operation is low in efficiency and slow. The advantage of the suction method is that it has no requirements for the style of the material and can achieve single-picking of granular materials of different specifications.

[0004] The mask method uses a cavity similar in shape to the granular material to screen single or a batch of particles from the particle pile. There are two technical routes, one is tube type, and the other is hole type.

[0005] The tube type mask method uses a pipe or groove with a caliber close to the minimum diameter of the target particle to contain a large amount of particles, so that the particles are arranged in a column in the pipe or groove, and then the particles are discharged one by one at the outlet of the pipe or groove. The disadvantage of this principle is that the inlet of the pipe or groove is prone to congestion. Although this principle can continuously pick up without stopping, the actual mechanical equipment is large in size and complex in structure, and cannot be directly miniaturized.

[0006] The hole type mask method uses one or more cavities similar in size and shape to the target particle to pass from below the particle pile, allowing gravity to make the particles fall into the cavity, and auxiliary actions such as vibration to make the particles fit into the cavity. Subsequently, the cavity moves away from the particle pile with the screened particles. However, when the amount of granular material in the material pile is small, it is difficult for the granular material to accurately fall into the cavity, which significantly reduces the picking efficiency. In addition, this type of principle device is not suitable for processing particles of different diameters in all directions, such as ellipsoids and long cylindrical particles, because the material is difficult to accurately fall into the cavity. In order to make the particles fit into the cavity, the cavity will stop for a short time below the particle pile, affecting the operation efficiency and speed.

[0007] In the mask method, regardless of which technical route, it is very dependent on the mold, i.e. the pipe or groove or cavity, the size of which greatly affects the efficiency and accuracy of material picking. Therefore, for target particles of different sizes, multiple molds need to be prepared and replaced during application.

[0008] For example, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN213083610U discloses a single-particle dispensing device of a particle counting machine. Although the rotating wheel can effectively distribute the particle materials, the groove of the rotating wheel carries only single-particle material into the lower discharge pipe each time, and the use of multiple parallel discharge pipes improves the efficiency of single-particle dispensing. However, the particle materials are prone to congestion at the entrance of the groove, and different sizes of particle materials need to match the size of the corresponding groove of the rotating wheel. If different specifications (different sizes) of particle materials are dispensed, the corresponding rotating wheel with the groove needs to be replaced, which affects the work efficiency. SUMMARY

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] The first aspect of the present application provides a particle material dispensing device, comprising:

[0011] A particle material suction and dispensing system is used for suction and dispensing single-particle particle materials, which comprises a rotating shaft at a preset angle with the direction of gravity, and a suction assembly and a separation disc coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft and synchronously rotating. The suction assembly comprises a suction cylinder with an upward opening and a material through-hole arranged at the center of the opposite side of the opening. At least two suction holes are arranged on the suction cylinder. The separation disc is arranged below the material through-hole. Each suction hole is connected to a first negative pressure pipe. The particle materials are placed in the suction cylinder. When the suction hole is in the first interval, the first negative pressure pipe corresponding to the suction hole can be opened, and the suction hole suctions single-particle particle materials. When the suction hole with the suctioned particle materials is in the second interval, the first negative pressure pipe corresponding to the suction hole with the suctioned particle materials is closed, and the suctioned particle materials are dropped due to pressure loss and fall into the separation disc through the material through-hole.

[0012] A negative pressure opening and closing system is used for opening or closing the first negative pressure pipe.

[0013] A particle material emptying system is used for emptying the particle materials in the suction cylinder.

[0014] Optionally, the suction assembly further comprises a fixing member for fixing the suction cylinder on the rotating shaft. The fixing member comprises an upper supporting wall fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, a frame column penetrating through the suction cylinder and fixedly connected to the upper supporting wall and the separation disc at both ends, and a partition plate radially arranged along the material through-hole and connected to the frame column and the rotating shaft at both sides. The partition plate separates the material through-hole to guide the particle materials into the separation disc.

[0015] Further, the granular material emptying system comprises a cleaning plate and a driving assembly, the cleaning plate is reversibly connected to the frame column, and the driving assembly is used to drive the cleaning plate to expand or contract relative to the partition plate, when the cleaning plate is expanded relative to the partition plate, the cleaning plate is in contact with the inner side of the cylinder wall of the suction cylinder and the side opposite to the opening of the suction cylinder.

[0016] Optionally, the granular material dispensing device further comprises a bearing system, the bearing system comprises a bearing frame and a screening cylinder fixedly arranged on the bearing frame close to the upper end, the screening cylinder is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft, the screening cylinder is sleeved on the outer periphery of the suction cylinder and the partition plate, the periphery of the partition plate is arranged in close contact with the inner side of the cylinder wall of the screening cylinder, and the screening cylinder is provided with a discharge port corresponding to the first interval.

[0017] Further, the granular material suction and dispensing system further comprises a transmission assembly and a plurality of valves arranged below the partition plate and rotating synchronously with the rotating shaft, the transmission assembly is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft, the transmission assembly comprises a second negative pressure pipe capable of shunting negative pressure, the second negative pressure pipe corresponds to the first negative pressure pipe, and the valves are arranged between the second negative pressure pipe and the first negative pressure pipe.

[0018] Further, the negative pressure opening and closing system comprises a reset plate and a plurality of opening and closing assemblies, the reset plate rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft and is coaxially arranged below the partition plate, the opening and closing assemblies are fixedly connected with the screening cylinder, the opening and closing assemblies comprise a pedal capable of moving in the axial direction, when the pedal is in a preset position, the pedal is used to cover the valve moved to the pedal and open the valve, and the reset plate is used to reset the pedal from the preset position to an initial position to remove the coverage of the valve moved to the pedal to keep the valve in a closed state.

[0019] Further, the opening and closing assembly further comprises a driving electromagnet, a pulling strip and a reset wheel, the driving electromagnet is arranged on the outer side of the screening cylinder, two ends of the pulling strip are respectively connected with the driving electromagnet and the pedal, when the driving electromagnet is started, the pulling strip drives the pedal to the preset position, the reset wheel is arranged on the pulling strip, the partition plate comprises reset wedges arranged at intervals, when the pedal is in the preset position, the reset wedges can abut against the reset wheel to reset the pedal from the preset position to the initial position.

[0020] Further, the pedal is provided with a motion cylinder, the motion cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bearing frame and coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft, and the pedal and the motion cylinder are slidably connected.

[0021] Further optionally, the granular material dispensing device further comprises a driving motor, an encoder, an air pressure sensor and a control circuit, the driving motor is used to drive the rotation shaft to rotate, the encoder is used to collect the rotation phase of each valve in real time and transmit the signal to the control circuit, the air pressure sensor is used to detect the vacuum degree of the negative pressure port connected with the negative pressure equipment in real time and transmit the vacuum degree signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit is used to receive the phase signal and the vacuum degree signal and send a control instruction, the suction cylinder is provided with four suction holes, the same direction sequential signs are a first suction hole, a second suction hole, a third suction hole and a fourth suction hole, the four suction holes are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the material through hole, four first negative pressure pipes are connected with one valve respectively, and sequentially correspond to the suction hole signs, namely a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve, and the four valves are uniformly distributed below the reset disc with the rotation shaft as the center; the reset disc comprises four reset wedges, and the reset wedges are arranged relatively in front of the valves in the rotation direction, so that when the valve is rotated to the pedal, the reset wedge pushes the reset wheel first to make the pedal be in the initial position; the opening and closing assembly is provided with three groups, the pedals are sequentially marked as a front pedal, a middle pedal and a rear pedal, and the pedals are arranged in close contact; and the driving electromagnets correspond to the front driving electromagnet, the middle driving electromagnet and the rear driving electromagnet.

[0022] The second aspect of the present application provides a granular material dispensing method, characterized in that a granular material dispensing device provided by the first aspect of the present application is used, and the specific dispensing process comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1, the driving motor drives the rotation shaft to rotate at a constant speed, the encoder collects the rotation phase of each valve in real time and transmits the signal to the control circuit, and in the initial state, none of the four suction holes sucks the granular material;

[0024] S2, the control circuit triggers the first suction hole corresponding to the first valve to pre-suck the granular material, including: the encoder detects that the first suction hole rotates to the first interval, and the reset wedge corresponding to the first valve has passed the reset wheel of the front pedal, the control circuit drives the front driving electromagnet to make the front pedal reach a preset position, after the first valve is in contact with the front pedal, the internal passage of the valve is connected with the negative pressure system, and the first suction hole is connected with the negative pressure;

[0025] S3, the air pressure sensor detects the vacuum degree of the negative pressure port connected with the negative pressure equipment in real time and transmits the signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit judges the adsorption state according to the vacuum degree signal:

[0026] If the control circuit identifies that the vacuum degree decreases first and then rises and remains stable, it is determined that the first suction hole successfully adsorbs the granular material;

[0027] If the control circuit identifies that the vacuum degree continues to decrease or decreases again after rising, it is determined that the adsorption of the first suction hole fails, the control circuit triggers the suction hole that will rotate to the first interval among the second suction hole, the third suction hole and the fourth suction hole to repeat the adsorption action of step 2, and the valve corresponding to the suction hole that fails to adsorb maintains the pedal to be reached at the initial position, and the suction hole recovers to communicate with the atmosphere;

[0028] S4, if the first suction hole adsorbs successfully, the following operations are sequentially performed:

[0029] S 41 , the reset wedge corresponding to the first valve first pushes the reset wheel of the middle pedal to reset the middle pedal to the initial position, after the encoder collects the phase signal, the control circuit drives the middle drive electromagnet to make the middle pedal reach the preset position, and the first valve is rolled on the middle pedal to maintain the negative pressure communication of the first suction hole; in this process, if the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree decreases again, it is determined that the particulate material falls in the middle way, the rear drive electromagnet is controlled not to act so as to keep the rear pedal at the initial position, after the first valve is rolled on the middle pedal and then separated, the first suction hole recovers to communicate with the atmosphere, and the control circuit triggers the third suction hole that will rotate to the first interval to repeat the adsorption action of step 2;

[0030] S 42 , the first suction hole continues to adsorb and rotate, the reset wedge corresponding to the first valve first pushes the reset wheel of the rear pedal to reset the rear pedal to the initial position, after the encoder collects the phase signal, the control circuit drives the rear electromagnet to make the rear pedal reach the preset position, and the first valve is rolled on the rear pedal to maintain the negative pressure communication of the first suction hole; in this process, if the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree decreases again, it is determined that the particulate material falls in the middle way, after the first valve is rolled on the middle pedal and then separated, the first suction hole recovers to communicate with the atmosphere, and the control circuit triggers the fourth suction hole that will rotate to the first interval to repeat the adsorption action of step 2;

[0031] S 43 , in the process of maintaining the negative pressure communication of the first valve, the reset wedges corresponding to the second valve to the fourth valve in sequence push the reset wheel of the front pedal and the reset wheel of the middle pedal to complete the pedal reset, the control circuit controls the pedals that have been reset to maintain at the initial position, so as to avoid the non-target suction hole from being mistakenly connected to the negative pressure;

[0032] S5, when the encoder detects that the first valve rotates to the second interval, the first valve separates from the rear pedal, the negative pressure of the first suction hole is disconnected, the material loses the adsorption force and freely falls into the guide groove composed of the partition piece, slides along the guide groove to the separation disc, and the material leaves the device from the discharge port;

[0033] S6, after the unloading is completed, the control circuit triggers the fourth suction hole to repeat the actions of steps 1-5, and a new round of adsorption is started; the driving motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate at a constant speed throughout the process, without starting and stopping or speed changing actions.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The particle material distribution device and the distribution method thereof, on the one hand, by setting the rotating shaft at a preset angle with the direction of gravity, and the coaxial synchronous rotating suction assembly (containing the suction cylinder of multiple suction holes and material through holes) and the separation disc, the precise suction and release of single particle material are realized by the partition opening and closing of the first negative pressure pipe, effectively avoiding the material blocking problem of traditional equipment, cooperating with the particle material emptying system, avoiding the problem of mixing materials, and adopting the negative pressure suction method without replacing special molds for different specifications of particles. The device not only realizes the efficient and continuous distribution of single particle material, but also significantly improves the efficiency, accuracy and convenience of single particle material distribution. On the other hand, by setting the particle material suction and distribution system around the rotating shaft, the bearing system, such as the screening cylinder, is set in the core components such as the suction cylinder and the separation disc, and the particle material emptying system is integrated into the particle material suction and distribution system and the bearing system. The particle material distribution device of the present application has compact structure, reasonable layout between systems, effectively reduces the overall volume of the equipment, and saves the installation and use space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more intuitively illustrate the prior art and the present application, the following exemplary drawings are given. It should be understood that the specific shapes, structures shown in the drawings should not be regarded as limiting conditions in the implementation of the present application; for example, based on the technical concepts and exemplary drawings disclosed in the present application, those skilled in the art can easily make routine adjustments or further optimizations to some units (components) such as increase / decrease / attribute division, specific shape, positional relationship, connection mode, size ratio relationship, etc.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of a first viewing direction of a particle material distribution device;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of a second viewing direction of a particle material distribution device;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of a third viewing direction of a particle material distribution device;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of a first viewing direction of a particle material distribution device that can rotate with the rotating shaft;

[0041] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the second view direction of the granular material distribution device rotating with the rotating shaft;

[0042] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the first partial structure of the granular material distribution device;

[0043] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the second partial structure of the granular material distribution device;

[0044] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the partial structure of the granular material distribution device;

[0045] Figure 9 Structure diagram of the third partial structure of the granular material distribution device;

[0046] Figure 10 Explanation diagram of the first interval and the second interval in the embodiment of the application.

[0047] Explanation of reference signs:

[0048] 11, front cross beam; 12, shaft seat; 13, electromagnet support; 14, braking electromagnet; 15, right-angle pipe base;

[0049] 21, rear cross beam; 22, sunken seat; 23, fish-eye bearing; 24, right-angle rotary joint;

[0050] 31, U-shaped beam; 32, screening cylinder; 33, discharge port; 34, supporting wheel; 35, front driving electromagnet; 36, middle driving electromagnet; 37, rear driving electromagnet;

[0051] 41, action cylinder; 42, pulling strip; 43, reset wheel; 44, front pedal; 45, middle pedal; 46, rear pedal; 47, pedal handle; 48, sliding groove; 49, limiting screw;

[0052] 51, rotating shaft; 52, first bearing; 53, first positioning nut; 54, limiting sleeve;

[0053] 61, suction cylinder; 62, third positioning nut; 63, upper supporting wall; 64, frame column; 65, partition sheet; 66, material through hole; 67, suction hole; 68, first negative pressure pipe;

[0054] 71, second sliding bearing; 72, positioning disc; 73, spring bin; 74, clasp spring; 75, spring wire; 76, cleaning plate;

[0055] 80. Valve assembly plate; 81. Divider plate; 811. Middle buttress; 812. Silicone leather skirt; 82. Reset plate; 83. Reset wedge; 84. Upper torque frame; 85. Valve; 86. Inlet right-angle quick connector; 87. Exhaust right-angle quick connector; 88. Second negative pressure pipe; 89. Extension roller;

[0056] 90. Lower torque frame; 91. Drive plate; 92. Compression nut; 93. Gear platform; 94. Negative pressure port; 95. Gear; 96. First sliding bearing;

[0057] 100, second interval; 200, first interval. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0059] refer to Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a particulate material distribution device, including a particulate material suction and distribution system, a particulate material discharge system, a negative pressure opening and closing system, and a carrying system.

[0060] A particulate material suction and distribution system is used to suction and distribute single particulate materials. It includes a rotating shaft 51 at a preset angle to the direction of gravity, and a suction assembly and a separator plate 81 coaxially arranged and rotating synchronously with the rotating shaft 51. The suction assembly includes a suction cylinder 61 with its opening facing upwards and a material passage hole 66 at the center of the opposite side of the opening. The suction cylinder 61 has at least two suction holes 67, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the particulate material. The separator plate 81 is located below the material passage holes 66. Each suction hole 67 is connected to a first negative pressure pipe 68. When the particulate material is placed inside the suction cylinder 61, the first negative pressure pipe 68 corresponding to the suction hole 67 can be opened when the suction hole 67 is in the first interval 200, allowing the suction hole 67 to suction single particulate materials. When the suction hole 67 containing particulate material is in the second interval 100, the first negative pressure pipe 68 corresponding to the suction hole 67 is closed, and the suctioned particulate material falls into the separator plate 81 through the material passage hole 66. In this embodiment, the relative height of the axial direction of the rotating shaft 51 is used as a reference for the up and down directions. For example, the end with the relatively higher axis is considered "up," and the other end "down." In the radial direction of the rotating shaft 51, the side closer to the axis is considered "inner," and the side farther from the axis is considered "outer." The preset angle range is 35° to 55° or -35° to -55°, thereby giving the suction cylinder 61 a certain degree of inclination to facilitate the storage of granular materials. Figure 10As shown, the radial direction of the rotating shaft 51 is the cross section, the lowest point of the cross section is connected to the center of the cross section to form a line l, the center is taken as the origin, and the line l is respectively rotated by 45° to the left and right to form l1 and l2, respectively, wherein the end of l1 and l2 away from the center is infinitely extended, and the area formed by l1 and l2 is the first interval, and the second interval 100 corresponding to the first interval is the area formed by extending l1 and l2 in the opposite direction, and the first interval and the second interval are located on any cross section of the rotating shaft 51. During the rotation of the suction cylinder 61, the first interval and the second interval do not rotate with the rotating shaft 51, and the granular material is always located in the first interval.

[0061] The granular material suction and distribution system is built around the rotating shaft 51, and the driving motor is used as the power for rotation, and the negative pressure gas is used as the power for suction of the granular material. By changing the on-off of the negative pressure gas at different positions of the rotating shaft 51, single suction and distribution of the granular material can be realized.

[0062] The granular material suction and distribution system adopts a coaxial synchronous structure of the rotating shaft 51, the suction assembly, and the separation disc 81, and cooperates with the precise control of the negative pressure opening and closing system to fundamentally ensure the precision of single particle distribution. The suction holes on the suction cylinder are selectively opened and closed through the first negative pressure pipe to realize stable suction of single particle material in the first interval, and the material is accurately dropped in the second interval by pressure loss, avoiding the problems of multiple particle adhesion, missing suction, missing distribution, etc. in traditional distribution. At the same time, the cooperation design of the separation disc and the material through hole enables the dropped material to be orderly received, further ensuring that each distribution is single particle material, especially suitable for medical, electronic, precision manufacturing and other scenes with high requirements for granular material distribution precision.

[0063] In one specific embodiment, the suction cylinder 61 is a cylindrical bowl-shaped structure, and the bowl bottom is provided with a material through hole 66, i.e. the opening opposite side of the suction cylinder 61 is a curved surface structure extending from the side wall of the suction cylinder 61 to the axis (the curved surface structure is similar to the bowl-shaped structure), and the center of the curved surface is provided with a material through hole 66 to enable the granular material to enter the separation disc 81. The curved surface structure of the suction cylinder 61 has a certain guiding effect on the granular material in the second interval, which is more conducive to the granular material in the second interval falling into the material through hole 66; and in the first interval, the connection between the curved surface structure and the cylinder wall forms a groove, which is conducive to the stacking of the material in the first interval.

[0064] The suction assembly further comprises a fixing member for fixing the suction cylinder 61 to the rotating shaft 51, the fixing member comprising an upper supporting wall 63 fixed to the rotating shaft 51, frame columns 64 passing through the suction cylinder 61 and fixed to the upper supporting wall 63 and the partition disc 81 at both ends, and partition plates 65 connecting the frame columns 64 and the rotating shaft 51 on both sides of the material through hole 66 in the radial direction, the partition plates 65 separating the material through hole 66 to guide the granular material into the partition disc 81. Exemplarily, the upper supporting wall 63 is fixed to the rotating shaft 51 by a nut, the suction cylinder 61 is provided with four first fixing holes equidistantly arranged around the material through hole 66 for fixedly connecting the four frame columns 64, the upper ends of the four frame columns 64 are connected to the upper supporting wall 63, and the lower ends of the four frame columns 64 are connected to the partition disc 81 (the partition disc 81 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 51). The four partition plates 65 are respectively connected to the rotating shaft 51 from the sides of the four frame columns 64 in the radial direction of the material through hole 66, and the upper sides of the partition plates 65 are connected to the upper supporting wall 63 and the lower sides of the partition plates 65 are connected to the partition disc 81, the four partition plates 65 divide the material through hole 66 and form four guide grooves, the four suction holes correspond to the four guide grooves one by one, and the guide grooves can guide the material to the partition disc 81. Therefore, when the suction hole 67 containing the granular material rotates to the second interval, the first negative pressure pipe 68 corresponding to the suction hole 67 is closed, and the granular material is released and falls into the guide groove corresponding to the suction hole 67, thereby smoothly falling into the partition disc 81. The fixing member of the suction assembly firmly fixes the suction cylinder to the rotating shaft through the combination of the upper supporting wall 63, the frame columns 64 and the partition plates 65, and the separation of the material through hole by the partition plates realizes the directional guidance of the material and avoids the blockage caused by the deviation of the material. Meanwhile, the fixing member provides a mounting basis for the granular material emptying system, so that the mounting structure of the entire device is more compact.

[0065] As Figures 4-6As shown, in one specific embodiment, the granular material suction and distribution system further comprises a transmission assembly and a plurality of valves 85 arranged below the partition disc 81 and rotating synchronously with the rotating shaft 51. The transmission assembly is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 51 and comprises a second negative pressure pipe 88 for shunting negative pressure, which corresponds to the first negative pressure pipe 68 and is arranged between the first negative pressure pipe 68 and the second negative pressure pipe 88. The transmission assembly is mainly used for fixing the rotating shaft 51, distributing gas, and transmitting rotating power to rotating components. The transmission assembly comprises a gear table 93, the lower end of the rotating shaft 51 is connected to the gear table 93, the gear table 93 is a three-stage inverted circular table with a through hole in the middle, the outer side of the lower part (i.e., the first stage) of the gear table 93 is sleeved with a first sliding bearing 96, the first stage is inserted into the fish eye bearing 23 on the bearing system together with the first sliding bearing 96, the outer side of the second stage of the gear table 93 is sleeved with a power input gear 95, the second stage has a lumen along the axis, which is in communication with a negative pressure port 94, and the negative pressure port 94 is a connecting port for connecting the granular material distribution device to a negative pressure equipment. The upper part (i.e., the third stage) of the gear table 93 functions as a gas distribution lumen, and four radial lumens are led out in four directions perpendicularly to each other on the third stage, and are externally connected to right-angle connecting pipes. Among them, the first sliding bearing 96 is a graphite copper sleeve, which functions as a lubricant, and the fish eye bearing 23 functions as a centering and supporting component.

[0066] An axle hole is opened in the center of the upper end surface of the gear table 93, the rotating shaft 51 is inserted into the hole, and a pin hole is arranged on each side of the axle hole. A driving piece 91 is attached to the upper end surface of the gear table 93, the driving piece 91 is also provided with an axle hole and a pin hole at a position corresponding to the gear table 93, and the driving piece 91 and the gear table 93 are connected by a pin. In order to further fix the gear table 93, a compression nut 92 sleeved on the rotating shaft 51 locks the driving piece 91 on the gear table 93, and the driving piece 91 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 51 driven by the gear table 93. A lower torsion frame 90 is fixed at both ends of the driving piece 91, and an upper torsion frame 84 is fixedly connected to the lower torsion frame 90. The upper torsion frame 84 and the lower torsion frame 90 are respectively connected to the valves 85.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the valve 85 is a two-position three-way mechanical valve, the suction cylinder 61 is provided with four suction holes 67, which are evenly arranged on the periphery of the material through hole 66, two of which are arranged on the lower edge of the cylinder wall of the suction cylinder 61, and the other two are arranged on the curved structure of the suction cylinder 61. The suction holes 67 on the cylinder wall of the suction cylinder 61 are communicated with the straight angle adapters installed outside the suction cylinder 61, and the suction holes 67 on the curved structure are communicated with the straight through adapters installed below. These straight through adapters are connected with the first negative pressure pipes. Four first negative pressure pipes 68 are connected with one valve 85 respectively, that is, a total of four valves 85 are arranged. The two valves 85 in the lower layer are connected with the lower torsion frame 90, and the two valves 85 in the upper layer are connected with the upper torsion frame 84. The two layers of valves 85 are connected by the valve combination sheet 80, and the valve combination sheet 80 has positioning holes corresponding to the mounting holes of the valve 85. The lower layer of valves 85 uses an extension roller 89, so that the rollers of the four valves 85 are in the same plane and are evenly distributed along the circumference. The rollers of the four valves 85 can be connected with the negative pressure opening and closing system to control the on-off of the gas circuit. The common end of each valve 85 is connected with the air inlet straight angle quick connector 86, and the branch end is connected with the air outlet straight angle quick connector 87. The air inlet straight angle quick connector 86 is connected with the straight angle adapter on the gear table 93 through the second negative pressure pipe 88. It should be noted that the valve 85 in the embodiment is a two-position three-way mechanical valve with a roller (referred to as a valve or a roller of the valve).

[0068] The overall layout of the granular material suction and distribution system is more compact.

[0069] The negative pressure opening and closing system is used to open or close the first negative pressure pipe 68. When the first negative pressure pipe 68 is opened, the suction hole 67 is communicated with the negative pressure, and the granular material can be sucked. When the first negative pressure pipe 68 is closed, the granular material sucked by the suction hole 67 will fall into the material through hole 66 due to the instantaneous loss of suction force.

[0070] The negative pressure opening and closing system includes a reset disc 82 and a plurality of opening and closing components. The reset disc 82 is coaxially arranged below the separation disc 81 and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 51. The opening and closing components are fixedly connected with the screening cylinder 32. The opening and closing components include a pedal that can move axially. When the pedal is in a preset position, it is used to cover the valve 85 moved to the pedal, that is, the roller of the valve 85 can be rolled on the pedal so that the valve 85 is opened. The reset disc 82 is used to reset the pedal from the preset position to the initial position to remove the coverage of the valve 85 moved to the pedal.

[0071] The opening and closing assembly further comprises a driving electromagnet, a pulling strip 42 and a reset wheel 43. The driving electromagnet is arranged outside the screening cylinder 32. The two ends of the pulling strip 42 are connected to the driving electromagnet and the pedal respectively. When the driving electromagnet is started, the pulling strip 42 drives the pedal to a preset position. The reset wheel 43 is arranged on the pulling strip 42. The reset disc 82 comprises reset wedge blocks 83 arranged at intervals. When the pedal is at the preset position, the reset wedge blocks 83 can abut against the reset wheel 43 to reset the pedal from the preset position to the initial position. The driving electromagnet is a percussion electromagnet.

[0072] The pedal is peripherally provided with an action cylinder 41. The action cylinder 41 is fixedly arranged on the bearing frame and coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 51. The pedal is slidably connected with the action cylinder 41. The action cylinder 41 can play a certain supporting and limiting role on the pedal.

[0073] As Figure 9As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the opening and closing assembly is provided with three groups, that is, the pulling bars 42 are three (i.e., front pulling bar, middle pulling bar, and rear pulling bar), the driving electromagnets are three (i.e., front driving electromagnet 35, middle driving electromagnet 36, and rear driving electromagnet 37), and the pedals are three (i.e., front pedal 44, middle pedal 45, and rear pedal 46). The two ends of the front pulling bar are connected with the front driving electromagnet 35 and the front pedal 44, respectively, the two ends of the middle pulling bar are connected with the middle driving electromagnet 36 and the middle pedal 45, respectively, and the two ends of the rear pulling bar are connected with the rear driving electromagnet 37 and the rear pedal 46, respectively. The pulling bars 42 are arranged in parallel with the outer side of the cylinder wall of the action cylinder 41. The inner side of each pulling bar 42 is provided with a reset wheel 43. The axis of the reset wheel 43 is arranged in the radial direction of the screening cylinder 32. The reset wheel 43 is pressed by the reset wedge 83 on the reset disc 82, so that the pulling bar 42 returns to the initial position. That is, the reset disc 82 is used to push the reset wheel 43 on the pulling bar 42, so that the pulling bar 42 drives the pedals to return to the initial position. The front pedal 44, the middle pedal 45, and the rear pedal 46 are arranged on the inner side of the cylinder wall of the action cylinder 41. The action cylinder 41 is provided with an inner and outer through sliding groove 48 at the positions of the corresponding cylinder walls of the front pedal 44, the middle pedal 45, and the rear pedal 46. The sliding groove 48 is arranged along the axis direction of the action cylinder 41. The pedal is provided with a pedal handle 47 which is fixedly connected with the corresponding pulling bar 42 and passes through the sliding groove 48. The pedal handle 47 can slide in the sliding groove 48. That is, the pedal and the action cylinder 41 are slidably connected. The action cylinder 41 can support and limit the pedal to a certain extent. The three pedals are all cylindrical arc-shaped pieces which are coaxial with the action cylinder 41 and sequentially and adjacently attached to the inner side of the action cylinder 41 according to the rotation direction of the rotation shaft 51. Under the driving of the pulling bar 42, the pedals can slide along the axial direction of the action cylinder 41 to interfere with the opening and closing of the valve 85. The pedals are limited by the limiting screws 49 arranged between the pedals and the pedal edges to guide the sliding of the pedals. The driving electromagnets are arranged on the outer side of the cylinder wall of the screening cylinder 32. The driving electromagnets are electrically connected with the control system. The driving electromagnets drive the pulling bar 42 to drive the pedals to move upward from the initial position to the preset position. The pedals at the preset position can cover the rotation path of the valve 85, so as to press the valve 85 to open the valve 85. The pedals at the initial position are not in contact with the valve 85, so the valve 85 is in the closed state.

[0074] In the present application, the preset position refers to the position where the pedal 46 can be in contact with the valve 85 after the pulling bar 42 drives the pedal to rise under the driving of the driving electromagnet. The initial position refers to the position where the pedal is not raised. The pedal at the initial position is not in contact with the valve 85.

[0075] The reset plate 82 is located below the partition plate 81. A second positioning nut fixes the reset plate 82 to the rotating shaft 51. Reset wedges 83 are arranged around the reset plate 82. Preferably, four reset wedges 83 are arranged. The reset wedges 83 and the valve 85 are arranged opposite each other at a certain angle with respect to the rotating shaft 51. That is, in the rotation direction, the reset wedges 83 are positioned relatively forward of the valve 85 so that when the valve 85 rotates to the pedal, the reset wedges 83 contact the reset wheel 43 first, so that the pedal is reset to the initial position first. The reset wedges 83 can contact the reset wheel 43 when rotating with the rotating shaft 51. The reset plate 82 has a first negative pressure pipe through hole.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the suction cylinder 61 is provided with four suction holes 67, which are sequentially numbered as suction hole 1, suction hole 2, suction hole 3, and suction hole 4 in the same direction. The four suction holes 67 are evenly arranged around the material passage hole 66. Four first negative pressure pipes 68 are connected to a valve 85, which are sequentially numbered as valve 1, valve 2, valve 3, and valve 4 corresponding to the suction holes 67. The four valves 85 are evenly distributed below the reset plate 82 with the rotation axis 51 as the center. The reset plate 82 includes four reset wedges 83. In the rotation direction, the reset wedges 83 are arranged relatively forward of the valves 85, so that when the valves 85 rotate to the pedal, the reset wedges 83 first push against the reset wheel 43 to put the pedal in the initial position. The opening and closing components are provided in three sets, with the pedals sequentially numbered as front pedal 44, middle pedal 45, and rear pedal 46, and the pedals are arranged close together. The driving electromagnets are correspondingly numbered as front driving electromagnet 35, middle driving electromagnet 36, and rear driving electromagnet 37.

[0077] The negative pressure opening and closing system adopts a mechanically coordinated structure of reset disc 82 and opening / closing assembly, improving the stability and reliability of the structure. The cooperation between reset wedge 83 and reset wheel 43 ensures precise pedal reset. The precise matching of the valve opening / closing and the rotation phase of the suction port reduces the susceptibility to interference in purely electronic control and improves the reliability of the device during long-term continuous operation. In addition, the guiding effect of actuating cylinder 41 on the pedal further ensures the stability of valve opening and avoids negative pressure control failure caused by pedal misalignment.

[0078] The negative pressure opening and closing system is arranged around the particulate material intake and distribution system, which further makes the structure of the device compact and facilitates the miniaturization design of the device.

[0079] The granular material dispensing device further comprises a driving motor, an encoder, an air pressure sensor and a control circuit. The driving motor is used to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft 51. The encoder collects the rotation phase of each valve 85 in real time and transmits the signal to the control circuit. The air pressure sensor is used to detect the vacuum degree of the negative pressure port 94 in real time and transmit the vacuum degree signal to the control circuit. The control circuit is used to accept the phase signal and the vacuum degree signal and issue control instructions. According to the rotation phase of each valve 85 collected by the encoder in real time, the control circuit can obtain the phase of each suction hole 67 and the reset wedge 83 according to the rotation phase of the valve 85.

[0080] The operation principle of the device is that the movement of the pedal in the action cylinder 41 changes the pressing state of the valve 85 (mechanical valve roller). When the pedal is at the preset position, the valve 85 can be rolled to open the pedal after the pedal is lifted by the driving electromagnet through the pull rod 42. The negative pressure is connected to the suction hole 67. The reset wedge 83 can reset the pedal from the preset position to the initial position through the reset wheel 43. At this time, the valve 85 is not in rolling with the pedal, and the valve 85 is in the closed state. The suction hole 67 corresponding to the valve 85 is connected to the atmosphere. When all the suction holes 67 do not start to suck the granular material, the air pressure sensor near the negative pressure port 94 detects high vacuum in the pipe. If a suction hole 67 obtains material, the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree decreases slightly. If a suction hole 67 fails to suck the material, the suction hole 67 inhales, so that the air pressure sensor detects that the atmospheric pressure is close to atmospheric pressure. In order to ensure that the air pressure sensor detects effectively, only one suction hole 67 is opened each time.

[0081] The arc segment of the roller of each valve is 90°. The arc segment of each pedal is slightly different, but all are between 40° and 60°. Under the action of the reset disc 82 rotating to reset the pedal to the initial state, the state of the pedal can be updated one by one, so that a single valve 85 is opened. The total arc segment covered by the pedal can keep the granular material being continuously sucked. After the granular material is lifted to the second interval, the valve 85 automatically maintains the closed state due to the separation from the pedal control area.

[0082] In a specific embodiment, the bearing system is mainly used to support the granular material suction and dispensing system, the granular material emptying system and the negative pressure opening and closing system. The bearing system comprises a bearing frame and a screening cylinder 32 fixedly arranged near the upper end of the bearing frame.

[0083] The bearing frame comprises a front crossbeam 11, a U-shaped beam 31 and a rear crossbeam 21, two cylinders are fixed on the U-shaped beam 31 to realize mechanical action, the U-shaped beam 31 is consistent with the direction of the rotating shaft 51, and the U-shaped beam 31 is at a preset angle with the direction of gravity, and the preset angle is preferably 45° in the embodiment, and the open end of the U-shaped beam 31 is upward. The open end of the U-shaped beam 31 is connected to the front crossbeam 11 through a right-angle pipe base 15, the front crossbeam 11 supports the upper end of the rotating shaft 51, and an axle seat 12 is arranged at the center of the front crossbeam 11 in an exemplary manner, the axle seat 12 clamps a first bearing 52 at the upper end of the rotating shaft 51, a plurality of threads are arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft 51, the rotating shaft 51 can be adjusted in the axial position by a first positioning nut 53 in the thread area, and a limiting sleeve 54 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 51 below the first positioning nut 53, so that the structure connected to the rotating shaft 51 below the limiting sleeve 54 is kept at a proper distance from the first bearing 52.

[0084] The rear crossbeam 21 is arranged at the lower end of the U-shaped beam 31 and is located at the rear of the U-shaped beam 31, the rear crossbeam 21 is used for supporting the lower end of the rotating shaft 51, a driving motor is fixed on the rear crossbeam 21, and the driving motor is used for driving the rotating shaft 51 to rotate. Exemplarily, the rear crossbeam 21 is fixed at the rear of the U-shaped beam 31 through a sinking seat 22 and connecting bolts, a fish-eye bearing 23 is fixed at the midpoint of the rear crossbeam 21 and penetrates through the rear crossbeam 21, the fish-eye bearing 23 faces forward and is perpendicular to the plane where the U-shaped beam 31 is located, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 51 is connected to the fish-eye bearing 23 through a gear table 93, so that the axis of the rotating shaft 51 coincides with the symmetry axis of the U-shaped beam 31. In this way, the front crossbeam 11 and the rear crossbeam 21 support the rotating shaft 51, so that the rotating shaft 51 is controlled to rotate in the range of the U-shaped beam 31. The lower end of the rotating shaft 51 is connected to a right-angle rotary joint 24, and the elbow of the right-angle rotary joint 24 and the rear crossbeam 21 are fixed through a connecting piece, so that the rotating shaft 51 is more stably arranged on the bearing frame.

[0085] The two wings of the U-shaped beam 31 (the inner side of the U-shaped beam 31) are fixed with a screening cylinder 32 and an action cylinder 41 through bolts, and the action cylinder 41 is arranged below the screening cylinder 32. The screening cylinder 32 is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 51, the screening cylinder 32 is sleeved on the outer periphery of a suction cylinder 61 and a separation disc 81, the periphery of the separation disc 81 is arranged in close contact with the inner side of the cylinder wall of the screening cylinder 32, and the screening cylinder 32 is provided with a discharge port 33 corresponding to the first interval. That is, the screening cylinder 32 and the suction cylinder 61 correspond to each other, and a space is left between the inner side of the cylinder wall of the screening cylinder 32 and the outer side of the cylinder wall of the suction cylinder 61, which is used for mounting other components. The screening cylinder 32 is provided with a square gap in the direction of the first interval as the discharge port 33, the discharge port 33 is connected to the separation disc 81, and the granular material falling into the separation disc 81 is finally discharged from the discharge port 33 of the granular material distribution device.

[0086] The partition disc 81 rotates with the rotating shaft 51, and includes a middle supporting wall 811 and a silica gel skirt 812. The middle part of the partition disc 81 is the rigid middle supporting wall 811, and the middle supporting wall is fastened to the rotating shaft 51 by a fixing nut. The middle supporting wall is provided with second fixing holes equidistantly in the circumferential direction, and the second fixing holes are used to connect the frame column 64. The middle supporting wall extends outward to connect the silica gel skirt 812. The silica gel skirt 812 is preferably four petals, and the silica gel skirt is attached to the inner side of the cylinder wall of the screening cylinder 32, and is used to close the lower end of the screening cylinder 32, so as to prevent the granular material from falling into other spaces outside the discharge port 33. The edges of the four petals of the silica gel skirt are appropriately opened, and the first negative pressure pipe 68 passes through the openings.

[0087] At the same height of the lower end of the screening cylinder 32, four support wheels 34 are arranged in the circumferential direction. The shafts of the support wheels 34 are arranged in the radial direction of the screening cylinder 32, and the angles between the shafts of adjacent support wheels 34 are 90°. The support wheels 34 can contact the upper side of the reset disc 82. The support wheels 34 can contact the reset disc 82 to resist the impact on the reset disc 82 caused by the axial offset of the rotating shaft 51.

[0088] The granular material emptying system is used to empty the granular material in the suction cylinder 61. When different specifications of granular materials need to be distributed, the granular material emptying system needs to be started to empty the currently distributed granular material. The granular material emptying system includes a cleaning plate 76 and a driving assembly. The cleaning plate 76 is reversibly connected to the frame column 64, and the driving assembly is used to drive the cleaning plate 76 to expand or fold on the partition plate 65. When the cleaning plate 76 expands relative to the partition plate 65, the cleaning plate 76 contacts the inner side of the cylinder wall of the suction cylinder 61 and the curved surface structure (i.e. the side opposite to the opening of the suction cylinder 61) respectively, so as to empty the granular material in the suction cylinder 61.

[0089] In a specific embodiment, the driving assembly comprises a brake electromagnet 14, a spring positioning member and a snap spring 74. The brake electromagnet 14 is installed on an electromagnet support 13, which is arranged on the front crossbeam 11 and at the side of the shaft seat 12. The brake electromagnet 14 is a bistable impact electromagnet. The action rod tip of the brake electromagnet 14 can touch the snap spring 74 clamped in the spring positioning member. The spring positioning member comprises a positioning disc 72 and a spring bin 73 connected below the positioning disc 72 by a screw. The spring bin 73 has a planar helical groove, and the spring wire 75 is received in the helical groove. The spring positioning member is arranged above the upper supporting wall 63F3. Specifically, the second sliding bearing 71 is arranged above the upper supporting wall 63, and the second sliding bearing 71 is locked on the rotating shaft 51 by the third positioning nut 62. The spring positioning member is sleeved on the second sliding bearing 71 and can rotate on the second sliding bearing 71. The cleaning plate 76 is pivotally unfolded or folded on the partition plate 65 with the frame column 64 as the shaft. When the cleaning plate 76 is unfolded with the partition plate 65, the cleaning plate 76 can contact the inner side of the cylinder wall and the curved surface structure of the suction cylinder 61, thereby blocking the path of the particulate material deposited in the suction cylinder 61 to the first interval. The particulate material follows the rotation of the suction cylinder 61 and falls into the guide groove formed by the partition plate 65 under the obstruction and guidance of the cleaning plate 76, and finally is discharged from the discharge port 33. The cleaning plate 76 is unfolded or folded by the action of the spring wire 75. The outer corner of the upper part of the cleaning plate 76 is connected by the spring wire 75 extending out of the spring bin 73. The upper supporting wall 63 is provided with a radial through groove above the position corresponding to the partition plate 65 adjacent to the cleaning plate 76, so that the spring wire 75 can extend out of the spring bin 73. The snap spring 74 is fixedly arranged at the outer side end of the radial through groove of the upper supporting wall 63. The outer edge of the positioning disc 72 is provided with a positioning notch and a folding notch. The two notches are spaced apart by 270°. The snap spring 74 can be clamped in any notch, so that the spring wire 75 acts on the cleaning plate 76 by rotating to unfold or fold the cleaning plate 76. When the snap spring 74 is clamped in the notch, the snap spring 74 can be pulled out of the notch by the action of the brake electromagnet 14.

[0090] If the task of sucking and distributing the particulate material is suspended, and another kind of particulate material needs to be replaced, the remaining material in the current suction cylinder 61 needs to be discharged before the sucking and distributing work of another kind of particulate material is performed. The process of emptying the particulate material distribution device is as follows:

[0091] When the rotating shaft 51 is viewed from the upper end of the suction cylinder 61, the rotating shaft 51 is counterclockwise rotated (i.e. reversed), so that all the materials in the device can be discharged. The process of emptying the particulate material does not need the participation of the negative pressure starting and stopping system.

[0092] Specifically, the gap near the extending end of the spring wire 75 is the unfolding gap, and the other gap is the folding gap. When the granular material dispensing device is not performing the granular material emptying operation, the snap spring 74 is clamped into the folding gap, and at this time the cleaning plate 76 is folded on the partition plate 65.

[0093] When the granular material dispensing device needs to empty the granular material in the suction cylinder 61 (i.e. needs to perform the granular material emptying operation), the encoder collects the position information (rotation angle) of the rotating shaft 51 in real time and transmits the position information of the rotating shaft 51 to the controller. When the rotating shaft 51 rotates so that the folding gap is located below the brake electromagnet 14, the brake electromagnet 14 is controlled to extend, the action rod tip of the brake electromagnet 14 pushes away the snap spring 74, and the action rod tip clamps into the folding gap instead of the snap spring 74. At this time, the positioning disc 72 and the spring bin 73 no longer rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 51, and the rotating shaft 51 continues to rotate normally under the drive of the drive motor. When the rotating shaft 51 rotates 270° in the forward direction (the snap spring 74 rotates together with the rotating shaft 51), the snap spring 74 is aligned with the unfolding gap.

[0094] In the 270° rotation of the rotating shaft 51, the spring positioning member (i.e. the positioning disc 72 and the spring bin 73) slides relative to the upper supporting wall 63, so that the spring wire 75 provided on the spring positioning member is extruded out of the spring bin 73. In the process of extruding the spring wire 75, the spring wire 75 moves from the inside to the outside through the radial through slot of the upper supporting wall 63, so that the cleaning plate 76 is also unfolded outward relative to the partition plate 65 under the pushing of the spring wire. After the cleaning plate 76 is completely unfolded, it will be supported by the spring wire 75 and abut against the cylinder wall of the suction cylinder 61. Therefore, the cleaning plate 76 will cut off the path of the granular material sliding to the first interval.

[0095] When the snap spring 74 is clamped into the unfolding gap, the brake electromagnet 14 is controlled to reset, and the positioning disc 72 and the spring bin 73 are again fixed to the upper supporting wall 63 by the snap spring 74.

[0096] Then the rotor is reversed, and when the cleaning plate 76 rotates to the first interval, it will shovel up the granular material and make the granular material slide into the guide groove formed by the partition plate 65 beside the cleaning plate 76 until it is discharged from the discharge port 33. Thus, after several rotations of the rotating shaft 51 in the reverse direction, the granular material in the suction cylinder 61 can be emptied.

[0097] When it is necessary to fold the cleaning plate 76, the rotating shaft 51 is rotated to make the unfolding notch below the braking electromagnet 14, the braking electromagnet 14 is controlled to extend again, the action rod tip of the braking electromagnet 14 pushes away the snap spring 74, and the action rod tip is clamped into the unfolding notch instead of the snap spring 74. At this time, the positioning disc 72 and the spring bin 73 no longer rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 51, the rotating shaft 51 continues to rotate reversely by 270°, the snap spring 74 is aligned with the folding notch, the spring wire 75 is stored into the spring bin 73, the cleaning plate 76 is folded beside the partition sheet 65, the braking electromagnet 14 is controlled to retract, and the snap spring 74 is clamped into the folding notch. At this time, the granular material emptying operation is completed, the device returns to the initial state, and the suction and distribution of another granular material can be performed.

[0098] In view of the problem that the residual material in the traditional device is difficult to clean, the granular material emptying system of the device can realize efficient emptying of the inside of the suction cylinder. The cleaning plate can be unfolded by the driving assembly and tightly contact with the inner wall and the opposite side of the opening of the suction cylinder. When the device stops working or the material is replaced, the residual granular material in the suction cylinder can be completely cleaned and discharged, which not only avoids waste of the material (especially suitable for valuable granular material scenes), but also saves the complicated process of manual disassembly and cleaning, reduces the equipment maintenance cost, and reduces the risk of cross contamination of different materials.

[0099] The granular material distribution device also provides a granular material distribution method. The specific distribution process includes the following steps.

[0100] Step 1: The driving motor drives the rotating shaft 51 to rotate at a constant speed, the encoder collects the rotation phase of each valve 85 in real time and transmits the signal to the control circuit, and in the initial state, the four suction holes 67 are not sucking granular material.

[0101] Step 2: The control circuit triggers the first suction hole corresponding to the first valve to pre-suck the granular material, including: the encoder detects that the first suction hole rotates to the first interval, and the reset wedge 83 corresponding to the first valve has passed the reset wheel of the front pedal 44 (that is, the reset wedge corresponding to the first valve rotates with the rotating shaft 51, the reset wedge reaches the position of the front pedal 44 earlier than the roller of the first valve, and the reset wheel of the front pedal 44 is pushed to reset the front pedal 44 to the initial position), the control circuit drives the front driving electromagnet 35 to make the front pedal 44 reach the preset position, after the roller of the first valve is in contact with the front pedal 44, the internal passage of the first valve is connected to the negative pressure system, and the first suction hole is connected to the negative pressure.

[0102] Step 3: The air pressure sensor detects the vacuum degree of the negative pressure port 94 in real time and transmits the signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit judges the adsorption state according to the vacuum degree signal.

[0103] If the control circuit identifies that the vacuum degree first decreases and then rises and remains stable, it is determined that the No. 1 suction hole successfully adsorbs the particulate material;

[0104] If the control circuit identifies that the vacuum degree continuously decreases or rises and then decreases again, it is determined that the No. 1 suction hole fails to adsorb, the control circuit triggers the suction hole among the No. 2 suction hole, the No. 3 suction hole and the No. 4 suction hole which will rotate to the first interval to repeat the adsorption action of step 2, and the valve corresponding to the suction hole which fails to adsorb maintains the pedal to be reached at the initial position (i.e. the control circuit does not drive the corresponding drive electromagnet, so that the pedal remains in the state of not being lifted), and the suction hole is restored to be communicated with the atmosphere.

[0105] Step 4, if the No. 1 suction hole successfully adsorbs, the following operations are sequentially performed:

[0106] Step 41, the reset wedge corresponding to the No. 1 valve first pushes the reset wheel of the middle pedal 45 to reset the middle pedal 45 to the initial position, after the encoder collects the phase signal, the control circuit drives the middle drive electromagnet 36 to make the middle pedal 45 reach the preset position, and the roller of the No. 1 valve rolls the middle pedal 45 to maintain the negative pressure communication of the No. 1 suction hole; in this process, if the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree decreases again, it is determined that the particulate material falls in the middle of the way, the rear drive electromagnet 37 is controlled not to act so that the rear pedal 46 remains at the initial position, and when the No. 1 valve rolls the middle pedal 45 and then separates, the No. 1 suction hole is restored to be communicated with the atmosphere, and the control circuit triggers the No. 3 suction hole which will rotate to the first interval to repeat the adsorption action of step 2.

[0107] Step 42, the No. 1 suction hole continues to rotate and adsorb, the reset wedge corresponding to the No. 1 valve first pushes the reset wheel of the rear pedal 46 to reset the rear pedal 46 to the initial position, after the encoder collects the phase signal, the control circuit drives the rear electromagnet to make the rear pedal 46 reach the preset position, and the roller of the No. 1 valve rolls the rear pedal 46 to maintain the negative pressure communication of the No. 1 suction hole; in this process, if the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree decreases again, it is determined that the particulate material falls in the middle of the way, and when the No. 1 valve rolls the middle pedal 45 and then separates, the No. 1 suction hole is restored to be communicated with the atmosphere, and the control circuit triggers the No. 4 suction hole which will rotate to the first interval to repeat the adsorption action of step 2.

[0108] Step 43, in the process of maintaining the negative pressure communication of the No. 1 valve, the reset wedges corresponding to the subsequent No. 2 to No. 4 valves sequentially push the reset wheel of the front pedal 44 and the reset wheel of the middle pedal 45 to complete the pedal reset, the control circuit controls the pedals which have been reset to maintain at the initial position, so as to avoid that the non-target suction hole is mistakenly connected to the negative pressure.

[0109] Step 5, when the encoder detects the valve 1 rotating to the second interval, the roller of the valve 1 disengages the pedal 46, the negative pressure of the suction hole 1 is disconnected, and the material loses the adsorption force and freely falls into the guide groove composed of the partition 65, and then slides along the guide groove to the partition disc 81. With the continuous rotation of the suction cylinder 61, the material is discharged from the discharge port 33 of the device.

[0110] Step 6, after the unloading is completed, the control circuit triggers the fourth suction hole to repeat the actions of steps 1-5 to start a new round of adsorption. During the whole process, the driving motor always drives the rotating shaft 51 to rotate at a constant speed without starting and stopping or changing speed.

[0111] Specifically, the suction of granular material is the general working mode of the granular material distribution device. The user needs to load a certain amount of granular material into the suction cylinder 61. With the continuous operation of the suction cylinder 61, the granular material is discharged one by one at the discharge port 33 of the device.

[0112] The operation principle of the device is that the movement of the pedal in the action cylinder 41 changes the pressing state of the valve 85 (mechanical valve roller). When the pedal is at the preset position, the driving electromagnet drives the pedal to rise through the pull rod 42, and the valve 85 can be rolled to open the pedal. The negative pressure is connected to the suction hole 67. The reset wedge 83 can reset the pedal from the preset position to the initial position through the reset wheel 43. At this time, the valve 85 is not rolled with the pedal, and the valve 85 is in a closed state. The suction hole 67 corresponding to the valve 85 is connected to the atmosphere. When all suction holes 67 do not start to suck granular material, the air pressure sensor near the negative pressure port 94 detects high vacuum in the pipe. If the suction hole 67 obtains material, the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree is slightly reduced. If the suction hole 67 fails to suck material, the suction hole 67 inhales, and the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure is close to atmospheric pressure. In order to ensure the detection of the air pressure sensor, only one suction hole 67 is opened each time.

[0113] The arc segment of the roller of each valve 85 is 90°, and the arc segment of each pedal is slightly different, but all are between 40° and 60°. Under the action of the reset disc 82 rotating to reset the pedal to the initial state, the state of the pedal can be updated one by one, so that a single valve 85 is opened. The total arc segment covered by the pedal can keep the granular material being continuously sucked, and after the granular material is lifted to the second interval, the valve 85 automatically remains closed due to disengaging the pedal control area.

[0114] For the convenience of describing the motion process of the device, it is stipulated that from the upper end of the rotating shaft 51 to the suction cylinder 61, clockwise rotation is positive, and the four valves 85 are numbered in anticlockwise direction. We only discuss the case of rotating one revolution, so we do not specify which valve 1 is. With the help of the connection of the first negative pressure pipe, when the suction hole rotates to the vicinity of the first interval, the corresponding valve can contact the front pedal 44.

[0115] Device motion process: the driving motor drives the rotating shaft 51 to rotate at a constant speed, and the encoder continuously records the phase of the first mechanical valve. At this time, the four suction holes are not sucking material, so the control circuit is ready to let the first mechanical valve corresponding to the suction hole (referred to as the first suction hole) suck the material. When the encoder detects that the first suction hole rotates to the vicinity of the first interval, and at the same time detects that the reset wedge of the reset disc 82 corresponding to it has passed through the reset wheel of the front pedal 44, the control circuit drives the front driving electromagnet 35 to make the front pedal 44 reach the preset position. The first valve continues to rotate forward, and the first suction hole is connected to the negative pressure when the roller of the valve rolls on the front pedal 44. At this time, the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree decreases, and if the first suction hole stably adsorbs the particulate material, the air pressure sensor can detect that the vacuum degree rises. The rotating shaft 51 rotates at a constant speed throughout the process, and if the particulate material accidentally falls off during the rolling of the first mechanical valve on the front pedal 44, the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree decreases, which means that the suction fails. Then the control circuit repeats the operation of the second suction hole to try to suck the material again. At the same time, the middle pedal 45 will not reach the preset position, so after the first valve passes through the front pedal 44, the first suction hole is restored to be connected to the atmosphere, that is, the negative pressure is closed.

[0116] Under normal circumstances, the particulate material will continue to be adsorbed and lifted to the second interval with the rotation of the suction cylinder 61. Before the roller of the first valve steps on the middle pedal 45, the reset wedge corresponding to it will first reset the middle pedal 45 to the initial position, and after the encoder detects the corresponding phase, the control circuit will control the middle driving electromagnet 36 to make the middle pedal 45 reach the preset position. Then the roller of the first valve will continue to roll on the middle pedal 45, so that the valve remains in the state of negative pressure opening. With continued rotation, the reset wedge corresponding to the second valve will first reset the front pedal 44 to the initial position, and the control circuit will avoid the front pedal 44 from reaching the preset position to ensure that the second suction hole is not connected to the negative pressure. At this time, if the particulate material of the first suction hole accidentally falls off, the air pressure sensor can detect that the vacuum degree decreases, which means that the suction fails. Then the control circuit repeats the operation of the third suction hole that reaches the first interval to try to suck the particulate material again. At the same time, the rear pedal 46 will not reach the preset position, so after the first valve passes through the middle pedal 45, the first suction hole is restored to be connected to the atmosphere.

[0117] Normally, the granular material will continue to be adsorbed, and with the rotation of the suction cylinder 61, the corresponding reset wedge of the first valve roller will reset the rear pedal 46 to the initial position before the roller rolls on the pedal 46, and the encoder detects the corresponding phase, and the control circuit controls the rear electromagnetic iron to make the rear pedal 46 to the preset position, so the roller of the first mechanical valve will continue to roll on the rear pedal 46, thereby keeping the valve open in a negative pressure state. With rotation, the reset wedge of the second mechanical valve will reset the middle pedal 45 to the initial position, and the control circuit will prevent the front pedal 44 and the middle pedal 45 from reaching the preset position. At this time, if the granular material falls accidentally, the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree decreases, that is, it is determined that the first suction hole fails to suck. Then the control circuit will repeat the previous action of the first suction hole by the fourth suction hole in the first interval through a series of operations to try to suck the material again. Therefore, after the first valve passes the rear pedal 46, the first suction hole is restored to be connected to the atmosphere.

[0118] Normally, the granular material will continue to be adsorbed, and with the rotation of the suction cylinder 61, the corresponding reset wedge of the first valve roller will reset the rear pedal 46 to the initial position before the roller rolls on the pedal 46, and the encoder detects the corresponding phase, and the control circuit controls the rear electromagnetic iron to make the rear pedal 46 to the preset position, so the roller of the first mechanical valve will continue to roll on the rear pedal 46, thereby keeping the valve open in a negative pressure state. With rotation, the reset wedge of the second mechanical valve will reset the middle pedal 45 to the initial position, and the control circuit will prevent the front pedal 44 and the middle pedal 45 from reaching the preset position. At this time, if the granular material falls accidentally, the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree decreases, that is, it is determined that the first suction hole fails to suck. Then the control circuit will repeat the previous action of the first suction hole by the fourth suction hole through a series of operations to try to suck the material again. Therefore, after the first valve passes the rear pedal 46, the first suction hole is restored to be connected to the atmosphere.

[0119] With the rotation of the suction cylinder 61, the guide groove supporting the material obtained by the first suction hole will be tilted downward, and the material will fall freely from the discharge port 33 and leave the device. In this way, single granular material is continuously sucked and distributed from the material pile. The rotating shaft 51 rotates uniformly throughout the process and does not stop.

[0120] The device of the present application constructs a complete automatic control system through the combination of the driving motor, the encoder, the air pressure sensor and the control circuit. The encoder collects the valve rotation phase in real time, the air pressure sensor dynamically monitors the vacuum degree of the negative pressure port, and the control circuit accurately issues control instructions based on these signals to realize the automation of actions such as suction, distribution, opening and closing. The design of four evenly distributed suction holes and corresponding valves, combined with the orderly control of the three groups of pedals, enables the device to continuously complete the single distribution action during rotation, greatly improving the distribution efficiency. At the same time, automation reduces manual intervention and reduces the difficulty of operation. Even non-professionals can quickly master the use of the equipment, improving the practicality and promotional value of the device.

[0121] Any technical features in the above embodiments can be combined (as long as the combination of the technical features does not cause contradiction), and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described; the embodiments not explicitly written in the above description should also be considered as the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A particulate material dispensing device, characterized in that, include: A particulate material suction and distribution system is used to suction and distribute single particulate materials. It includes a rotating shaft (51) at a preset angle to the direction of gravity, and a suction assembly and a separator (81) coaxially arranged and rotating synchronously with the rotating shaft (51). The suction assembly includes a suction cylinder (61) with its opening facing upwards and a material passage hole (66) at the center of the opposite side of the opening. The suction cylinder (61) has at least two suction holes (67). The separator (81) is located below the material passage hole (66). Each suction hole (67)... A first negative pressure tube (68) is connected to the suction cylinder (61). When the suction hole (67) is in the first interval, the first negative pressure tube (68) corresponding to the suction hole (67) can be opened, and the suction hole (67) sucks up single particles of material. When the suction hole (67) with the suction material is in the second interval, the first negative pressure tube (68) corresponding to the suction hole (67) with the suction material is closed, and the sucked particles lose pressure and fall through the material passage (66) into the separator plate (81). A negative pressure opening and closing system is used to open or close the first negative pressure pipe (68); A particulate material evacuation system is used to evacuate the particulate material inside the suction cylinder (61).

2. The particulate material dispensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suction assembly further includes a fixing member for fixing the suction cylinder (61) to the rotating shaft (51). The fixing member includes an upper support wall (63) fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft (51), a frame post (64) passing through the suction cylinder (61) and fixedly connected at both ends to the upper support wall (63) and the separator plate (81) respectively, and a partition plate (65) arranged radially along the material passage (66) and connected to the frame post (64) and the rotating shaft (51) on both sides respectively. The partition plate (65) separates the material passage (66) so that the particulate material is guided into the separator plate (81).

3. The particulate material dispensing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The particulate material discharge system includes a cleaning plate (76) and a drive assembly. The cleaning plate (76) is rotatably connected to the frame post (64). The drive assembly is used to drive the cleaning plate (76) to unfold or retract into the partition (65). When the cleaning plate (76) unfolds relative to the partition (65), the cleaning plate (76) contacts the inner side of the suction cylinder (61) wall and the opposite side of the opening of the suction cylinder (61).

4. The particulate material dispensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The granular material dispensing device further includes a support system, which includes a support frame and a screening cylinder (32) fixedly disposed near the upper end of the support frame. The screening cylinder (32) is coaxially disposed with the rotating shaft (51). The screening cylinder (32) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the suction cylinder (61) and the separator (81). The periphery of the separator (81) is attached to the inner side of the cylinder wall of the screening cylinder (32). The screening cylinder (32) is provided with a discharge port (33) corresponding to the first interval.

5. A particulate material dispensing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The particulate material absorption and distribution system further includes a transmission component and a plurality of valves (85) disposed below the separator (81) and rotating synchronously with the rotating shaft (51). The transmission component is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft (51). The transmission component includes a second negative pressure pipe (88) that can divert negative pressure. The second negative pressure pipe (88) corresponds to the first negative pressure pipe (68), and the valves (85) are disposed between the second negative pressure pipe (88) and the first negative pressure pipe (68).

6. The particulate material dispensing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The negative pressure opening and closing system includes a reset plate (82) and multiple opening and closing components. The reset plate (82) rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft (51) and is coaxially located below the separator plate (81). The opening and closing components are fixedly connected to the screening cylinder (32). The opening and closing components include a pedal that can move axially. When the pedal is in a preset position, it is used to cover the valve (85) that has moved to the pedal and open the valve (85). The reset plate (82) is used to reset the pedal from the preset position to the initial position to remove the cover of the valve (85) that has moved to the pedal so that the valve (85) remains closed.

7. A particulate material dispensing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The opening and closing assembly also includes a driving electromagnet, a pull bar (42), and a reset wheel (43). The driving electromagnet is located on the outside of the screening cylinder (32). The two ends of the pull bar (42) are connected to the driving electromagnet and the pedal, respectively. When the driving electromagnet is activated, the pull bar (42) drives the pedal to a preset position. The reset wheel (43) is provided on the pull bar (42). The separator (81) includes reset wedges (83) arranged at intervals. When the pedal is in the preset position, the reset wedges (83) can abut against the reset wheel (43) to reset the pedal from the preset position to the initial position.

8. A particulate material dispensing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An actuation cylinder (41) is provided around the pedal. The actuation cylinder (41) is fixedly mounted on the support frame and is coaxial with the rotation shaft (51). The pedal and the actuation cylinder (41) are slidably connected.

9. A particulate material dispensing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The granular material dispensing device also includes a drive motor, an encoder, a pressure sensor, and a control circuit. The drive motor drives the rotating shaft (51) to rotate. The encoder collects the rotation phase of each valve (85) in real time and transmits the signal to the control circuit. The pressure sensor detects the vacuum level of the negative pressure port (94) connected to the negative pressure equipment in real time and transmits the vacuum level signal to the control circuit. The control circuit receives the phase signal and the vacuum level signal and issues control commands. The suction cylinder (61) is provided with four suction holes (67), which are sequentially numbered as suction hole 1, suction hole 2, suction hole 3, and suction hole 4 in the same direction. The four suction holes (67) are evenly arranged around the material passage hole (66). The four first negative pressure pipes (68) are respectively connected to a valve ( 85), corresponding to the suction holes (67) are numbered as valve 1, valve 2, valve 3, and valve 4. The four valves (85) are evenly distributed below the reset plate (82) with the rotation axis (51) as the center. The reset plate (82) includes four reset wedges (83). The reset wedges (83) are set on the front side of the valve (85) in the rotation direction so that when the valve (85) rotates to the pedal, the reset wedges (83) first push against the reset wheel (43) to make the pedal in the initial position. The opening and closing assembly is provided in three groups. The pedals are numbered as front pedal (44), middle pedal (45), and rear pedal (46) and the pedals are set close to each other. The driving electromagnets are numbered as front driving electromagnet (35), middle driving electromagnet (36), and rear driving electromagnet (37).

10. A method for distributing particulate materials, characterized in that, The particulate material dispensing device according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps in the dispensing process: S1. The drive motor drives the rotating shaft (51) to rotate at a constant speed. The encoder collects the rotation phase of each valve (85) in real time and transmits the signal to the control circuit. In the initial state, none of the four suction holes (67) sucked up particulate material. S2. The control circuit triggers the first suction hole corresponding to the first valve to pre-suction particulate material, including: the encoder detects that the first suction hole rotates to the first interval, and the reset wedge (83) corresponding to the first valve has passed the reset wheel of the front pedal (44). The control circuit drives the front drive electromagnet (35) to make the front pedal (44) reach the preset position. After the first valve contacts and engages with the front pedal (44), the internal channel of the first valve is connected to the negative pressure system, and the first suction hole is connected to the negative pressure. S3. The air pressure sensor detects the vacuum level of the negative pressure port (94) connected to the particulate material distribution device and the negative pressure equipment in real time and transmits the signal to the control circuit. The control circuit judges the adsorption state based on the vacuum level signal. If the control circuit detects that the vacuum level first decreases and then rises and remains stable, it determines that the No. 1 suction hole has successfully adsorbed particulate material. If the control circuit detects that the vacuum level continues to decrease or decreases again after rising, it determines that the suction hole No. 1 has failed to absorb. The control circuit triggers the suction holes No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 to repeat the suction action of step 2. At the same time, it controls the valve corresponding to the suction hole that failed to absorb to keep the pedal in the initial position, and the suction hole is restored to be connected to the atmosphere. S4. If suction hole number one is successfully adsorbed, then perform the following operations in sequence: S 41 The reset wedge (83) corresponding to the first valve first pushes the reset wheel of the middle pedal (45) to reset the middle pedal (45) to the initial position. After the encoder collects the phase signal, the control circuit drives the middle drive electromagnet (36) to make the middle pedal (45) reach the preset position. The first valve closes the middle pedal (45) to maintain the negative pressure connection of the first suction hole. During this process, if the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree drops again, it is determined that the particulate material falls in the middle. At the same time, the rear drive electromagnet (37) is controlled not to move so that the rear pedal (46) remains in the initial position. When the first valve closes the middle pedal (45) and disengages, the first suction hole resumes communication with the atmosphere. The control circuit triggers the third suction hole, which is about to rotate to the first interval, to repeat the adsorption action of step 2. S 42 As the first suction hole continues to absorb and rotate, the reset wedge (83) corresponding to the first valve pushes against the reset wheel of the rear pedal (46) to reset the rear pedal (46) to the initial position. After the encoder collects the phase signal, the control circuit drives the rear electromagnet to make the rear pedal (46) reach the preset position. The first valve closes the rear pedal (46) to maintain the negative pressure connection of the first suction hole. During this process, if the air pressure sensor detects that the vacuum degree drops again, it is determined that the particulate material falls off midway. When the pedal (45) is released after the first valve closes, the first suction hole resumes communication with the atmosphere. The control circuit triggers the fourth suction hole, which rotates to the first interval, to repeat the suction action of step 2. S 43 During the continuous negative pressure connection of valve No. 1, the reset wedges (83) corresponding to valves No. 2 to No. 4 in the following order push the reset wheel of the front pedal (44) and the reset wheel of the middle pedal (45) to complete the pedal reset. The control circuit controls the reset pedal to maintain the initial position to avoid the non-target suction hole from being mistakenly connected to the negative pressure. S5. When the encoder detects that the first valve rotates to the second interval, the first valve disengages from the back pedal (46), the negative pressure of the first suction hole is disconnected, and the material loses its adsorption force and falls freely into the guide groove composed of partitions (65), slides down the guide groove to the separator plate (81), and the material leaves the device from the discharge port (33). S6. After unloading, the control circuit triggers the fourth suction hole to repeat the actions of steps 1-5 and start a new round of adsorption. Throughout the process, the drive motor always drives the rotating shaft (51) to rotate at a constant speed without any start, stop or speed change actions.

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