Artificial ecological floating island for treating floating oil pollution on surface of slow-flow water body and application of artificial ecological floating island

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial ecological floating island for treating floating oil pollution on the surface of a slow-flow water body, relates to the field of sewage treatment, and solves the problem that most of existing water surface floating oil removing equipment is fixedly arranged at a certain position of a river, a lakeshore zone, can only remove floating oil drifting to the equipment and is lack of in-situ treatment of the floating oil to influence the ecological health of the water body. The floating island frame is of an arc-shaped structure; a plurality of floating bed units are arranged in the arc-shaped floating island frame; each floating bed unit comprises a floating bed carrier at the bottom layer, and a filler layer and a nutrient soil layer are sequentially arranged at the upper part of the floating bed carrier; a water pump is arranged on the arc-shaped inner side of the arc-shaped floating island frame; floating plates used for adjusting the draft depth of the floating island are arranged on the outer sides of the two ends of the arc-shaped floating island frame. According to the artificial ecological floating island, long-term effective in-situ treatment of floating oil pollution on the surface of a small and micro water body can be realized, the situation that the floating oil pollution diffuses on the water surface in a large range to affect the ecological health of the water body is avoided, water body eutrophication can be effectively relieved, and the hydrodynamic condition of a slow-flow water body is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an artificial ecological floating island for treating surface oil pollution of slow-flow water body and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to reasons such as equipment oil leakage and industrial wastewater discharge in industrial production process, part of the floating oil will inevitably enter the surrounding natural water body with the sewage, thereby causing water pollution, and therefore it is necessary to treat the floating oil in the natural water body. The existing oil removal methods mainly include the oil containment method, the adsorption method, the biological degradation method and the chemical decomposition method. However, for sporadic small-range floating oil pollution, there is a lack of economic and feasible treatment device.

[0003] Publication No. CN215669386U discloses a South-to-North Water Diversion Water Surface Floating Oil Removal Device, which comprises a support bracket and an oil-absorbing felt body fixed to the support bracket. The support bracket is hingedly arranged on the side wall of a suspension component, and the top of the suspension component is provided with a driving assembly for driving the support bracket to rotate around the hinge point. The South-to-North Water Diversion Water Surface Floating Oil Removal Device, by arranging the suspension component and hingedly connecting the support bracket and the suspension component, and driving the support bracket through the driving assembly, can timely drive the support bracket to overturn when the oil-absorbing felt body is saturated due to adsorption of too much floating oil, so as to achieve the purpose of pulling out the whole oil-absorbing felt in the water. It can be seen that the system mainly removes floating oil by adsorption, which is easy to be saturated and depends on the replacement of the oil-absorbing felt, and lacks degradation of the floating oil. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application is aimed at the problem in the background art that the existing water surface floating oil removal equipment is mostly fixedly arranged at a certain place of the river and lake bank and can only remove the floating oil drifting to the equipment, lacking in-situ treatment of the floating oil and affecting the ecological health of the water body. The present application provides an artificial ecological floating island for treating surface oil pollution of slow-flow water body. The artificial ecological floating island for treating surface oil pollution of slow-flow water body can not only realize long-term and effective in-situ treatment of small and micro water body surface oil pollution, avoiding the spread of floating oil pollution on the water surface and affecting the ecological health of the water body, but also can effectively alleviate the eutrophication of the water body and improve the hydrodynamic conditions of the slow-flow water body. The present application further provides an application of the artificial ecological floating island for treating surface oil pollution of slow-flow water body.

[0005] The artificial ecological floating island for treating the surface floating oil pollution of slow-flowing water body comprises an arc-shaped floating island frame, a plurality of floating bed units are arranged in the arc-shaped floating island frame, each floating bed unit comprises a bottom floating bed carrier, a filler layer and a nutrient soil layer are sequentially arranged on the upper portion of the floating bed carrier, a water pump is arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped floating island frame, and floating plates are arranged on the outer sides of the two ends of the arc-shaped floating island frame and used for adjusting the draft of the floating island.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of planting areas are arranged on the floating bed unit, each planting area is provided with a plurality of planting holes, and the plurality of floating bed units are arranged in the arc-shaped frame through hook connection.

[0007] Preferably, the aquatic plants planted in the planting holes are aquatic plants with strong adsorption and degradation capacity for oil pollution, and the aquatic plants include reed, cattail, aconite, wheat grass and the like.

[0008] Preferably, a space in which oil-absorbing felt can be laid is arranged between the surface layer of the floating island filler layer and each planting area, the space in which oil-absorbing felt can be laid is provided with oil-absorbing felt, and the laid oil-absorbing felt is used to enhance the fixing and adsorption capacity of the artificial floating island for floating oil.

[0009] Preferably, the water inlet of the water pump is located 2-5 cm below the water surface, and the water outlet is located above the floating bed unit on the inner side of the arc-shaped floating island.

[0010] Preferably, the lower portions of the two ends of the arc-shaped floating island frame are fixed in the lower water body through anchoring, and when the direction is adjusted, the anchor is lifted and re-anchored.

[0011] Preferably, the material of the ecological floating bed carrier is a plant-growing gel matrix with certain buoyancy and a large number of pore structures, the plant-growing gel matrix is a herbaceous plant-growing gel matrix or a synthetic plant-growing gel matrix, and the large number of pore structures of the ecological floating bed carrier should be conducive to the penetration and extension of the plant root system into the water body, so that the plant root system can absorb the nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in the water body.

[0012] Preferably, the filler of the floating island filler layer is preferably a material with strong adsorption performance for floating oil, including biochar, slag, activated carbon and zeolite, and the thickness of the floating island filler layer is preferably between 20-30 cm, so as to construct an aerobic-anaerobic system from top to bottom and from the plant root system to the plant root system, thereby promoting the degradation of organic pollutants.

[0013] Preferably, the arc-shaped floating island frame is provided with a water pump on the inner side corresponding to each floating bed unit, and the floating plate is a rectangular foam plate.

[0014] The application also provides an application of the artificial ecological floating island for treating floating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water body.

[0015] The application of each structural part of the artificial ecological floating island for treating floating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water body is as follows: The arc-shaped floating island can adjust the draught depth by adjusting the number of floating plates, so that the lower part of the oil-absorbing felt is always flush with the water surface. The lower part of the frame at both ends of the arc-shaped floating island is fixed in the lower water body by anchoring, and when the direction is adjusted, the anchor is lifted and re-anchored.

[0016] The ecological floating bed carrier material is a plant-growing gel matrix with certain buoyancy and a large number of pore structures. The large number of pore structures of the carrier are beneficial to the penetration and extension of plant roots into the water body, so that the plant roots can absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body.

[0017] The filler of the floating island filler layer is preferably a material with strong adsorption performance for floating oil. The floating island filler layer is constructed from top to bottom and from close to the plant roots to far from the plant roots, and an aerobic-anaerobic system is formed to promote the degradation of organic pollutants.

[0018] The aquatic plants with strong adsorption and degradation capacity for oil pollution are planted in the planting holes in the planting area inside the floating island.

[0019] The entire arc-shaped floating island is accelerated by the water pump, so that the water flow flows from the inside to the outside of the arc-shaped floating island, thereby facilitating the aggregation of floating oil inside the arc-shaped floating island and entering the floating island internal unit with the water flow.

[0020] Compared with the above background art, the application can have the following beneficial effects: Unlike the prior art which mainly relies on the physical adsorption of oil-absorbing felt to remove floating oil, the application relies on the adsorption of floating bed filler and aquatic plants, as well as the biological utilization and degradation of microorganisms in aquatic plants and fillers, in addition to the physical adsorption of oil-absorbing felt, so the removal performance of the application for floating oil can be significantly enhanced. In addition, when the water flow direction is certain, the contact between the traditional square floating island and the floating oil is limited (generally only one or two sides of the floating island), and the floating oil is easy to follow the water flow and pass through the floating island, which is not conducive to the floating oil passing through the floating island. In the application, when the water flow direction is determined (or realized by the water pump provided by the application), the arc-shaped floating island provided by the application can adjust the direction of the floating island so that the floating oil enters the inside of the arc-shaped floating island, thereby making the floating oil pass through the arc-shaped floating island more effectively, and achieving the removal of the floating oil by the floating island. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the artificial ecological floating island structure for treating surface oil pollution in slow-flowing water bodies according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the floating bed unit of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Floating bed unit; 2. Planting area; 3. Water pump; 4. Floating island frame; 5. Floating board; 6. Oil-absorbing felt; 7. Nutrient soil layer; 8. Filler layer; 9. Floating bed carrier; 10. Aquatic plants; 11. Planting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, an artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water includes a floating island frame 4, which is an arc-shaped structure that facilitates the accumulation of oil on the inner side of the arc-shaped floating island; the arc-shaped floating island frame 4 contains a number of floating bed units 1, which are connected by ropes and placed inside the arc-shaped frame.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, each floating bed unit 1 includes a bottom floating bed carrier 9, with a filler layer 8 and a nutrient soil layer 7 placed sequentially on the top of the floating bed carrier 9; several rows of planting areas 2 are provided on the floating bed unit 1; several planting holes 11 are provided in each row of planting areas 2; a space for laying oil-absorbing felt is provided on the surface of the floating island filler layer and between each row of planting areas, and oil-absorbing felt 6 is installed in the space for laying oil-absorbing felt; the laid oil-absorbing felt is used to enhance the fixed adsorption capacity of the artificial floating island for floating oil, and the oil-absorbing felt can be replaced after adsorption is saturated; a water pump 3 is installed on the inner side of each floating bed unit 1 corresponding to the arc-shaped floating island frame 4; the water inlet of the water pump 3 is located at a water surface depth of 2-5 cm, and the water outlet is located on the inner side of the floating bed unit 1 of the arc-shaped floating island.

[0026] The outer sides of both ends of the arc-shaped floating island frame 4 are equipped with floating plates 5; the floating plates 5 are rectangular foam boards or hollow PVC pipes; the lower parts of both ends of the arc-shaped floating island frame 4 are fixed to the lower water body by anchoring. When adjusting the direction, the anchor is raised and then re-anchored.

[0027] The ecological floating bed carrier 9 is made of a plant-based gel matrix with a certain buoyancy and a large number of pores. The large number of pores in the carrier should facilitate the penetration of plant roots and their extension into the water, so that the plant roots can absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. The plant-based gel matrix is ​​a herbaceous plant-based gel matrix or a synthetic plant-based gel matrix.

[0028] The filler of the floating island filler layer 8 is preferably a material having strong adsorption performance for floating oil, including plant fibers such as coconut husk, biochar, slag, activated carbon, zeolite, etc. The thickness of the floating island filler layer 8 is preferably between 20-30 cm, to construct an aerobic-anaerobic system from top to bottom, from close to the plant root system to far from the plant root system, to promote the degradation of organic pollutants.

[0029] The present application does not limit the formula of the nutrient soil layer, which can be adjusted or purchased according to the type of vegetation planted.

[0030] The aquatic plants 10 planted in the planting holes 11 of the planting area 2 inside the floating island mainly include reeds, cattails, aconites or wheat grasses, etc. which have strong adsorption and degradation ability for oil pollution. The aquatic plants are planted in planting frames. Considering the height and size of the aquatic plant, a soil cultivation model is adopted to ensure the stability of the roots and stems of the aquatic plants.

[0031] The entire floating island mainly relies on the buoyancy of the ecological floating bed carrier and the floating plate to float on the water surface. The number of floating plates can be adjusted to meet the situation where the weight of the floating island changes, so that there is no obvious difference between the surface of the floating island and the water surface.

[0032] The water pump 3 arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped floating island frame 4 is used to promote the floating oil on the surface to enter the inside of the ecological floating island with the water flow. The power supply of the water pump can be provided by a solar panel. The arc-shaped floating island can adjust its direction according to the direction of the water flow.

[0033] The entire arc-shaped floating island accelerates the flow of water from the inner side to the outer side of the arc-shaped floating island through the action of the water pump, thereby facilitating the aggregation of floating oil on the inner side of the arc-shaped floating island and entering the inside of the floating island unit with the water flow. Embodiment

[0034] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] The present embodiment provides a certain water body in which the present application is applied to a kind of artificial ecological floating island for treating floating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water body. The specific composition structure and use process are as follows: 1) In this embodiment, the ecological floating bed is placed inside the arc-shaped frame by hooking a plurality of floating bed units by ropes. The floating bed unit is composed of a floating bed carrier layer, a filler layer, a nutrient soil layer and an oil-absorbing felt layer from bottom to top, and the oil-absorbing felt layer is distributed staggered with the planting area, i.e. the oil-absorbing felt layer is not arranged under the planting area, and only the floating bed carrier layer, the filler layer and the nutrient soil layer are arranged.

[0036] 2) A plurality of water pumps are arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped ecological floating bed, so that the floating oil enters the inside of the ecological floating bed with the water flow. The present embodiment does not limit the specific power supply mode of the water pump.

[0037] 3), in the floating bed unit, the floating bed carrier is mainly composed of synthetic plant-growing gel matrix, the synthetic plant-growing gel matrix is made of synthetic fiber polypropylene fiber and natural gelling agent plant glue, which is located at the bottom layer of the floating bed unit, mainly used for providing buoyancy for the floating bed; the thickness of this layer is 5 cm.

[0038] 4), the filler layer covers the upper surface of the floating bed carrier layer, the filler layer is composed of plant fiber coconut, biochar and slag, the weight ratio is 1:1:1, and the total thickness of the filler layer is 20 cm.

[0039] 5), the nutrient soil layer covers the upper surface of the filler layer, the nutrient soil uses peat soil, leaf soil, perlite or vermiculite, humus soil, sand and other materials, and is mixed according to a certain proportion. In this embodiment, the nutrient soil is mixed by peat soil and leaf soil according to a proportion of 3:1, and a proper amount of humus soil and eggshell powder is added and mixed. The thickness of the nutrient soil layer is 5 cm.

[0040] 6), the oil absorption felt layer covers the upper surface of the nutrient soil layer, the oil absorption felt is mainly composed of polypropylene material. In the specific implementation process, by adjusting the number of floating plates on both sides of the ecological floating bed, the bottom of the oil absorption felt layer is basically kept level with the water surface. The thickness of the oil absorption felt layer is 5 cm.

[0041] 7), the ecological floating bed plant planting area mainly plants reed and cattail, reed and cattail seedlings are planted in the nutrient soil according to a proportion of 1:1, and after the above seedlings grow and develop until the root system extends to the bottom of the ecological floating bed carrier, an oil removal ecological floating bed is obtained.

[0042] After the water body in this embodiment is treated by the artificial ecological floating island for treating surface oil pollution of slow-flowing water body, the area of floating oil in the demonstration area is reduced from 63 m 2 to 10 m 2 The total nitrogen is reduced from 6.3 mg / L to 5.1 mg / L, and the total phosphorus is reduced from 0.42 mg / L to 0.35 mg / L, and the removal effect is remarkable.

[0043] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are intended to aid the reader in understanding the method of implementing the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations according to the technical inspiration disclosed in the present application without departing from the essence of the present application, and these modifications and combinations are still within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water bodies, comprising a floating island frame (4), characterized in that: The floating island frame (4) has an arc-shaped structure, which facilitates the accumulation of oil on the inner side of the arc-shaped floating island; The arc-shaped floating island frame (4) contains several floating bed units (1). Each floating bed unit (1) includes a bottom floating bed carrier (9), and a filler layer (8) and a nutrient soil layer (7) are placed on the top of the floating bed carrier (9). The arc-shaped floating island frame (4) is equipped with a water pump (3) on its inner arc side to determine the direction of water flow. The arc-shaped floating island frame (4) is equipped with floating plates (5) on both sides to adjust the draft of the floating island.

2. The artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating bed unit (1) is provided with several rows of planting areas (2); each row of planting areas (2) is provided with several planting holes (11); The several floating bed units are connected by ropes and placed inside the arc-shaped frame.

3. The artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aquatic plants planted in the planting holes (11) are aquatic plants with strong adsorption and degradation capabilities for oil pollution. The aquatic plants include at least one of reeds, cattails, sweet flag, or wheatgrass.

4. An artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water bodies according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Between the surface of the floating island filler layer (8) and between each row of planting areas, a space is provided for laying oil-absorbing felt; the space for laying oil-absorbing felt is filled with oil-absorbing felt (6); the laid oil-absorbing felt is used to enhance the artificial floating island's ability to fix and absorb floating oil.

5. The artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pump (3) has an inlet located 2-5 cm below the water surface and an outlet located above the floating bed unit inside the arc-shaped floating island.

6. The artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ends of the floating island frame (4) are fixed to the lower water body by anchoring. When adjusting the direction, the anchor is raised and then re-anchored.

7. The artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological floating bed carrier (9) is made of a plant-based cementitious matrix with a certain buoyancy and a large number of pores. The plant-based gelling matrix is ​​either herbaceous or synthetic; the numerous pores in the ecological floating bed carrier should facilitate the penetration and extension of plant roots into the water, enabling the plant roots to absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the water.

8. The artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler material of the floating island filler layer (8) is preferably a material with strong adsorption performance for floating oil; The filler materials include biochar, slag, activated carbon, and zeolite; The thickness of the floating island filler layer (8) is preferably between 20-30 cm, so as to construct an aerobic-anaerobic system from top to bottom, from near the plant roots to far away from the plant roots, in order to promote the degradation of organic pollutants.

9. An artificial ecological floating island for treating oil pollution on the surface of slow-flowing water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating island frame (4) has a water pump installed inside each floating bed unit in an arc shape; the floating plate (5) is a rectangular foam board or a hollow PVC pipe.

10. The application of an artificial ecological floating island as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 in the collection and treatment of surface oil pollution in slow-flowing water bodies.

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