Cow dung fermenting and drying device and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cow dung fermenting and drying device and a control method. The device comprises a feeding module, a drying oven, a heating module, an aeration module, an air supply module and a dehumidification module, and the feeding module is provided with a feeding port and a feeding port; the drying oven is provided with a fermentation cavity, and the fermentation cavity is communicated with the feeding opening; the heating module is communicated with the fermentation cavity and is used for conveying hot air into the fermentation cavity; the aeration module is communicated with the fermentation cavity and is used for intermittently supplementing fresh air into the fermentation cavity in the fermentation process; the air supply module is communicated with the fermentation cavity and is used for supplying air into the fermentation cavity before discharging so as to discharge hot air; the dehumidification module is communicated with the fermentation cavity and is used for recycling hot air in the fermentation cavity, filtering and dehumidifying the hot air and then discharging the hot air. Through cooperation of multiple modules, accurate fermentation temperature control, intermittent oxygen supply and waste heat recovery are achieved, energy saving and high efficiency are achieved, continuous operation can be achieved, the cow dung decomposition degree and the product quality are improved, and meanwhile environmental protection reaches the standard.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fermentation drying devices, and in particular to a cattle manure fermentation drying device and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of large-scale development of livestock and poultry breeding industry, cattle manure as the main breeding waste, its harmless treatment and resource utilization has become a key problem to be solved in the industry. At present, cattle manure treatment mainly adopts direct field application, natural composting and traditional drying methods, but all have significant defects: direct field application is easy to cause crop seedling burn due to high temperature generated by unrotted organic matter fermentation, and the pathogenic bacteria and parasitic worm eggs carried will cause soil pollution and disease and pest transmission; natural composting needs to be stacked in the open air for 30-90 days, not only occupies a large area and has a long fermentation period, but also the harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide generated in the process are easy to cause odor pollution, and the nutrient loss rate is as high as more than 30%; the traditional drying equipment mostly adopts single heating drying mode, the energy consumption is as high as 15-20 kWh / ton, the thermal efficiency is less than 30%, and the high temperature direct heating is easy to damage the organic matter and beneficial microorganisms in the cattle manure, reducing the subsequent resource utilization value.

[0003] In addition, the existing fermentation drying equipment generally has the problems of fragmented functions and poor synergy. The fermentation and drying processes are mostly carried out separately, the equipment occupies a large area and has a complex process flow; the ventilation system is mostly in continuous operation mode, which is easy to cause large temperature fluctuations in the fermentation cavity, affecting the activity of microorganisms, and causing a large amount of heat energy waste; the discharged wet hot air lacks effective recovery and treatment, which not only wastes energy but also aggravates environmental burden. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a cattle manure fermentation drying device and a control method to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present application: On the one hand, a cattle manure fermentation drying device is provided, comprising: a feeding module having a feeding port and a feeding port; an oven having a fermentation cavity, the fermentation cavity being in communication with the feeding port; a heating module in communication with the fermentation cavity, for conveying hot air into the fermentation cavity to make the temperature in the fermentation cavity reach a preset fermentation temperature threshold; a blast module in communication with the fermentation cavity, for intermittently supplementing fresh air into the fermentation cavity during the fermentation process; a supply air module in communication with the fermentation cavity, for supplying air into the fermentation cavity to discharge hot air before discharging; a dehumidification module in communication with the fermentation cavity, for recovering the hot air in the fermentation cavity and discharging after filtering and dehumidifying; and The heating module, the air burst module and the air supply module are independently operated in time periods, and the dehumidification module is always in operation mode.

[0006] Further, the oven is provided with three ovens, and each of the ovens is communicated with one dehumidification module.

[0007] Further, the oven comprises an oven body and an air supply pipe arranged at the bottom of the oven body, and the air supply pipe is communicated with the heating module, the air burst module and the air supply module.

[0008] Further, the air supply pipe extends along the length direction of the oven, and a plurality of air outlets are arranged on the air supply pipe, and a wind guide is arranged on each of the air outlets, and the wind guide is in cross shape.

[0009] Further, a first return air outlet is arranged at the top of the oven, and the first return air outlet is communicated with the heating module, the air burst module, the air supply module and the dehumidification module through pipes.

[0010] Further, the dehumidification module comprises a shell, a sensible heat exchanger and an evaporator, the sensible heat exchanger and the evaporator are arranged in the shell, a fresh air outlet, an air outlet, a second return air outlet and an exhaust air outlet are arranged on the shell, the sensible heat exchanger has A face, B face, C face and D face which are arranged in sequence in the circumferential direction, the A face is communicated with the C face, the B face is communicated with the D face, the A face is communicated with the fresh air outlet, the C face is communicated with the air outlet, the B face is communicated with the exhaust air outlet, the D face is communicated with the second return air outlet, the second return air outlet is communicated with the first return air outlet, and the evaporator is arranged in the region between the exhaust air outlet and the B face.

[0011] Further, a filter is arranged at the second return air outlet.

[0012] Further, the air burst module is configured to supply fresh air into the fermentation cavity every four hours.

[0013] In another aspect, a control method of the cattle dung fermentation and drying device is also provided, and the control method comprises the following steps: adding material into the feeding port of the feeding mechanism, and the material enters the fermentation cavity through the feeding port; after the heating module is started, hot air is supplied into the fermentation cavity, and the temperature in the fermentation cavity is maintained at 20℃; during the fermentation, fresh air is supplied into the fermentation cavity through the air burst module every four hours; before the material is discharged, air is supplied into the fermentation cavity through the air supply module to discharge hot air; after the heating module is started, the dehumidification module starts to dehumidify, or the heating module and the dehumidification module are started synchronously.

[0014] Further, the oven is provided with a conveying mesh belt, which is sequentially divided into multiple areas along the length direction, and hot air is separately conveyed to each area when the material is in the area, and new air is conveyed through the air explosion module every four hours during fermentation; Wherein, hot air is simultaneously discharged through the air supply module before discharging.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the device adopts a cooperative mode of heating, air explosion, air supply time sequence separate operation and dehumidification module continuous work, which realizes efficient optimization of the fermentation drying process. The heating module accurately conveys hot air to make the fermentation cavity reach the preset temperature threshold, solves the problem of large temperature fluctuation and limited microbial activity of traditional equipment, and guarantees the sufficiency of fermentation; the air explosion module intermittently supplements new air, which meets the oxygen consumption demand of microorganisms while avoiding heat loss caused by continuous air explosion and reducing energy loss; the air supply module directionally discharges hot air before discharging, which cooperates with the dehumidification module to continuously recover the hot and humid air in the fermentation cavity, realizes waste heat reuse and standard emission after filtration and dehumidification, greatly improves the thermal efficiency, and solves the problems of heat waste and odor pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The present application will be further described in detail below according to the drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Fig. 1 The schematic diagram of the cow dung fermentation drying device described in the embodiments of the present application; Fig. 2 The structural schematic diagram of the oven described in the embodiments of the present application; Fig. 3 The internal structural schematic diagram of the dehumidification module described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0018] In the figure: 1, feeding module; 101, feeding port; 2, oven; 201, fermentation cavity; 3, heating module; 4, air explosion module; 5, air supply module; 6, dehumidification module; 601, shell; 602, fresh air port; 603, air outlet; 604, second return air port; 605, exhaust port; 606, sensible heat exchanger; 607, evaporator; 608, filter; 7, air guide piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present application, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] In the description of the present application, unless specifically defined and limited otherwise, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] In the present application, unless specifically defined and limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "above" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "under", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0022] As Figs. 1-3 shown, the embodiment provides a cattle manure fermentation drying device, which comprises a feeding module 1, an oven 2, a heating module 3, an air burst module 4, an air supply module 5 and a dehumidification module 6. The feeding module 1 has a feeding port 101 and a feeding port. The oven 2 has a fermentation cavity 201, which communicates with the feeding port. The heating module 3 communicates with the fermentation cavity 201, and is used for conveying hot air into the fermentation cavity 201, so that the temperature in the fermentation cavity 201 reaches a preset fermentation temperature threshold. The air burst module 4 communicates with the fermentation cavity 201, and is used for intermittently supplementing fresh air into the fermentation cavity 201 during fermentation. The air supply module 5 communicates with the fermentation cavity 201, and is used for air supply to the fermentation cavity 201 to discharge hot air during discharging. The dehumidification module 6 communicates with the fermentation cavity 201, and is used for recovering the hot air in the fermentation cavity 201 and discharging after filtering and dehumidifying. Among them, the heating module 3, the air burst module 4 and the air supply module 5 are separately operated in time period, and the dehumidification module 6 is always in running mode.

[0023] Based on the above scheme, the feeding module 1 adopts a sealed conveying structure, and the pretreated cow dung is uniformly sent into the fermentation cavity 201 of the oven 2 through the feeding port, which not only avoids the emission of odor during fermentation, but also ensures the uniform distribution of the material in the fermentation cavity 201, laying a foundation for the uniform transmission of temperature and oxygen in the subsequent process. After the material is conveyed, the heating module 3 is started, and only the heating module 3 operates alone at this stage. The heated hot air is directed to the fermentation cavity 201 through the high-efficiency heat exchanger, and closed-loop control is realized based on the feedback of the temperature sensor, so that the temperature in the cavity is accurately raised to the preset fermentation temperature threshold. At the same time, the dehumidification module 6 is always running, and the initial moisture in the cavity and a small amount of humid hot air generated during the preheating process are recovered synchronously, so as to avoid the accumulation of moisture affecting the fermentation environment. After the temperature in the fermentation cavity 201 reaches the preset temperature threshold, the heating module 3 stops running, and only the air burst module 4 works intermittently according to the preset timing. The fresh air is sent to the bottom of the fermentation cavity 201 through the air guide pipeline, which on the one hand provides precise oxygen supply for the metabolism of aerobic microorganisms and promotes the decomposition and maturation of organic matter in the cow dung, and on the other hand avoids the rapid loss of heat in the cavity caused by continuous aeration, and realizes the balance between oxygen supply demand and heat preservation demand. The dehumidification module 6 continuously recovers a large amount of humid hot air generated during the fermentation process, and recovers the sensible heat and latent heat in the humid hot air through the condensation and dehumidification device. At the same time, harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are adsorbed through the built-in filter assembly, so as to avoid odor pollution. After the fermentation is completed, only the air supply module 5 works alone to send normal temperature fresh air to the fermentation cavity 201, so as to quickly replace the residual hot air in the cavity. After the discharging is completed, the above steps are repeated to carry out the next round of drying and fermentation.

[0024] In addition, the heating module 3, the air burst module 4 and the air supply module 5 are separately controlled by the timing controller, so as to avoid the energy redundancy consumption and parameter conflict caused by the simultaneous operation of multiple modules. The dehumidification module 6 is always in running state, forming an environmentally friendly cycle of the gas in the fermentation cavity 201. Moreover, the functions of feeding, fermentation, dehumidification, cooling and environmental protection treatment are integrated, and the continuous operation of the fermentation process is realized through timing cooperation, solving the problems of complicated fermentation process and large occupation area in the traditional technology. The equipment occupation area is greatly reduced compared with the traditional fermentation equipment, the processing period is significantly shortened compared with the traditional composting, the daily processing capacity of a single device is significantly improved compared with the traditional equipment, and it is completely suitable for the efficient processing demand of large-scale cattle farms.

[0025] Further, the oven 2 is provided with three, and each of the ovens 2 is respectively communicated with one of the dehumidification modules 6, the heating module 3, the air explosion module 4 and the air supply module 5 can respectively send air to each oven 2 or simultaneously send air to the three ovens 2 through the control valve, and the size of each oven 2 is 15000mm*3000mm*2500mm, and 27.5 tons of wet material with a water content of 60% can be processed to 20 tons of dry material with a water content of 45%. The heating module 3, the air explosion module 4 and the air supply module 5 are shared functional units connected with each oven 2 through a pipeline system, and the control valve is a core switching component, which can accurately control the on-off state and air distribution according to the real-time operation stage of each oven 2. When different ovens 2 are in different operation stages, the control valve can realize separate air supply. For example, when the oven 2A is in the preheating stage of feeding, the control valve only communicates the heating module 3 with the oven 2A to supply hot air to it for heating; when the oven 2B is in the core fermentation stage, the control valve only communicates the air explosion module 4 with the oven 2B to intermittently supplement fresh air; when the oven 2C is in the cooling stage, the control valve only communicates the air supply module 5 with the oven 2C to supply normal temperature fresh air. When the three ovens 2 need to be simultaneously advanced to the same operation stage, the control valve can simultaneously open the communication channels of the corresponding modules and the three ovens 2 to realize simultaneous air supply and ensure the consistency of multi-unit operation. This design not only realizes the sharing and reuse of functional modules, but also meets the differentiated needs of each oven 2 through accurate switching.

[0026] Each oven 2 is separately provided with a set of dehumidification modules 6, forming a combined architecture of shared functional modules and independent environmental protection modules. Since the air supply of the heating, air explosion and air supply modules 5 is accurately distributed by the control valve, the fermentation environment of each oven 2 is relatively independent, and the independent dehumidification module 6 can be matched to the operation state of the corresponding oven 2. When the amount of wet and hot gas generated in the core fermentation stage is large, the dehumidification module 6 automatically increases the dehumidification intensity and filtration efficiency; when the amount of wet and hot exhaust in the preheating or cooling stage of feeding is small, the dehumidification module 6 adjusts the load as needed to avoid the problem of over-dehumidification or insufficient dehumidification caused by the sharing of dehumidification modules 6 by multiple ovens 2. At the same time, the waste heat recovered by the independent dehumidification module 6 can be preferentially used to maintain the temperature of the corresponding oven 2, and combined with the accurate heating of the shared heating module 3, the heat energy transmission loss is reduced.

[0027] The size of the oven 2 is set to 15000mm*3000mm*2500mm. On the one hand, this size ensures that the wet material forms a reasonable stacking thickness in the cavity, which not only avoids the rapid loss of heat due to too thin, but also prevents the hot air and fresh air from penetrating to the deep layer of the material, ensuring that the temperature and oxygen are evenly distributed in the material layer; on the other hand, the sufficient cavity volume reserves a circulation channel for the air flow supplied by the shared modules, so that the hot air of the heating module 3 and the fresh air of the air explosion module 4 can fully contact the material, promoting the simultaneous occurrence of microbial metabolism and water evaporation, achieving the target water content without additional drying process, and the material is not easy to caking during the fermentation process, and the decomposition is more uniform.

[0028] Specifically, the oven 2 comprises a box body and air supply pipes arranged at the bottom of the box body, which are communicated with the heating module 3, the air burst module 4 and the air supply module 5 respectively. The air supply pipes at the bottom have a lower-in and upper-out air flow path, so that hot air, fresh air and normal temperature air can fully penetrate into the deep layer of the material, effectively avoiding the problems of local temperature imbalance, insufficient oxygen supply and incomplete cooling caused by the traditional air supply mode; in combination with the uniform hole design of the air supply pipe, the airflow distribution in the length direction of the box body is uniform, ensuring that the fermentation and maturation degree and the moisture content of the material in the whole box reach the unified standard, and further improving the product quality uniformity. As a unified air flow channel, the air supply pipe integrates the connection requirements of the three modules of heating, air burst and air supply, without the need to set box interfaces and pipelines for each module separately, reducing the pipeline layout and interface sealing hidden dangers, and reducing the equipment installation difficulty and failure rate; at the same time, the design of one pipe for multiple uses makes the air flow switching only through the control valve, without the need for additional adjustment of pipeline connection, the operation process is more simple, and the running stability is significantly improved.

[0029] In addition, the air supply pipe extends along the length direction of the oven 2, and a plurality of air outlets 603 are arranged on the air supply pipe, and the air outlets 603 are communicated with air guide members 7 in a cross shape. The air supply pipe extends along the length direction of the oven 2, and a plurality of air outlets 603 are arranged at a predetermined interval, so that the air flow conveying points are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the box body. This design breaks the distribution imbalance problem of concentrated air flow in the middle and weak air flow at both ends caused by the traditional single-point or local air supply, ensures that the material in the whole length range of the box body can obtain balanced air flow supply, provides basic guarantee for uniform processing of the material in the long-size oven 2, and at the same time adapts to the consistency requirement of the internal environment of each oven 2 when three ovens 2 operate in parallel. The cross-shaped air guide member 7 communicated with each air outlet 603 decomposes the concentrated air flow in the air supply pipe into four mutually perpendicular diffusion directions through the cross-shaped flow guide structure. This structure makes the air flow sent out from the air outlet 603 not single-axis injection, but quickly radiate and spread to the surrounding, which can not only penetrate to the deep layer of the material upward, but also cover the adjacent material area laterally, forming a full-range air flow coverage, completely eliminating the air flow dead angle in the material layer. The diffusion function of the cross-shaped air guide member 7 is complementary to the bottom air supply mode and the shared module air flow switching logic. After the hot air of the heating module 3 is diffused through the air guide member 7, the heat exchange area is greatly increased, which can quickly realize the heating of the box body and maintain the uniform temperature; the fresh air of the air burst module 4 diffuses to the deep layer and the surrounding of the material through the air guide member 7, ensuring sufficient oxygen supply for aerobic microorganisms and avoiding local anaerobic fermentation stagnation; the normal temperature air of the air supply module 5 can efficiently replace the hot air in the box body after diffusion, realizing uniform cooling. At the same time, the structure cooperates with the switching function of the control valve, and no matter how the air flow type is switched, it can realize accurate and uniform directional delivery through the air guide member 7, avoiding local environmental fluctuations when the air flow is switched.

[0030] Generally, the top of the oven 2 is provided with a first return air inlet, which is communicated with the heating module 3, the blast module 4, the air supply module 5 and the dehumidification module 6 respectively through pipelines. When the hot air of the heating module 3 is sent from the bottom air supply pipe, the hot air penetrates the material layer upward to complete heat exchange, and the warm air carrying the moisture of the material rises to the top of the oven 2 and enters the return air pipe through the first return air inlet. After the fresh air sent by the blast module 4 is oxygenated through the material layer, the hot and humid gas generated by fermentation is also returned from the top. After the normal temperature air of the air supply module 5 completes cooling replacement, the hot air is also recycled from the top. The closed loop design makes the air flow fully circulate in the oven body, avoiding energy waste and environmental fluctuations caused by one-way air flow. The first return air inlet is communicated with the four modules through pipelines and is linked with control valves to realize accurate switching of the return air path. In the fermentation preheating stage, part of the return air can be guided back to the heating module 3 to assist heating by using the recycled warm air, reducing the energy consumption of the heating module 3. In the core fermentation stage, the return air is mainly guided to the dehumidification module 6 to quickly recover the high-humidity hot and humid air for dehumidification and heat recovery. In the cooling stage, the return air can be partially guided back to the air supply module 5 or directly discharged, adjusting the cooling efficiency as needed. The multi-module communication design makes the return air flexibly distributed according to the needs of different operation stages, avoiding the functional limitations caused by a single return air path.

[0031] In some embodiments, the dehumidification module 6 comprises a shell 601, a sensible heat exchanger 606 and an evaporator 607, the sensible heat exchanger 606 and the evaporator 607 are arranged inside the shell 601, the shell 601 is provided with a fresh air inlet 602, an air outlet 603, a second return air inlet 604 and an exhaust air outlet 605, the sensible heat exchanger 606 has A face, B face, C face and D face arranged circumferentially in sequence, the A face is communicated with the C face, the B face is communicated with the D face, the A face is communicated with the fresh air inlet 602, the C face is communicated with the air outlet 603, the B face is communicated with the exhaust air outlet 605, the D face is communicated with the second return air inlet 604, the second return air inlet 604 is communicated with the first return air inlet, and the evaporator 607 is arranged in the region between the exhaust air outlet 605 and the B face.

[0032] In the scheme, the wet hot air discharged from the first return air outlet at the top of the oven 2 is connected to the second return air outlet 604 of the shell 601 through a pipeline, enters the D face of the sensible heat exchanger 606 first, and then flows to the B face; before flowing through the B face, it needs to pass through the area of the evaporator 607, which cools the wet hot air below the dew point through refrigeration to make the water vapor in the air condense into water and be discharged, completing the dehumidification. The low-temperature dry air after dehumidification is discharged from the exhaust air outlet 605. The outdoor normal temperature fresh air enters from the fresh air inlet 602 of the shell 601, flows through the A face of the sensible heat exchanger 606, exchanges heat with the return air of the D face, and then flows from the C face to the air outlet 603 after the temperature of the fresh air is raised. Finally, it is returned to the oven 2 through a pipeline to realize the recycling of the preheated fresh air. The circumferential arrangement of the A face and the C face of the sensible heat exchanger 606 and the circumferential arrangement of the B face and the D face make the two air flow paths cross reversely in the heat exchanger, maximizing the sensible heat exchange efficiency. The circumferential arrangement of the sensible heat exchanger 606 realizes efficient sensible heat exchange between the fresh air and the dehumidified exhaust air, increases the preheating temperature of the fresh air, and directly reduces the heating energy consumption of the heating module 3 on the fresh air; at the same time, the evaporator 607 only needs to process the airflow after the preliminary sensible heat exchange, and the refrigeration load is reduced, and the overall energy consumption of the dehumidification module 6 is reduced compared with the traditional direct expansion dehumidification equipment. Through heat recovery and load optimization, the comprehensive energy efficiency ratio of the equipment is significantly improved, further strengthening the energy-saving advantage of the whole device.

[0033] At the same time, the second return air outlet 604 is provided with a filter 608. The filter 608 effectively intercepts dust, material debris and other solid impurities in the return air, prevents them from adhering to the heat exchange surface of the sensible heat exchanger 606 and the surface of the evaporator 607, prevents the heat exchanger channel from being blocked and the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator 607 from being reduced, reduces the damage and corrosion of impurities to the components, reduces the failure rate of the dehumidification module 6, significantly prolongs the service life of the core components such as the sensible heat exchanger 606 and the evaporator 607, and reduces the replacement and maintenance cost of the equipment. The pre-filtering ensures the cleanliness of the airflow entering the dehumidification module 6, keeps the airflow channel of the sensible heat exchanger 606 unblocked, fully utilizes the heat exchange area, and maintains the sensible heat recovery efficiency at a stable level; at the same time, it avoids covering the surface of the evaporator 607 with impurities, ensures the efficient performance of the refrigeration and dehumidification function, solves the problem of traditional equipment that becomes more and more power-consuming and the dehumidification effect becomes worse due to the accumulation of impurities, and guarantees the long-term stability of the energy consumption and processing effect of the whole device. Moreover, the filter 608 absorbs part of the harmful gases and solid particles in the return air in the pre-filtering link of the dehumidification module 6, cooperates with the subsequent dehumidification and sensible heat exchange of the evaporator 607 to further reduce the concentration of harmful gases and the content of particulate matter in the tail gas, and the emission is more in line with environmental protection standards; at the same time, it avoids the secondary pollution caused by the discharge of impurities with condensed water, improves the harmless treatment level of the whole device, and reduces the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0034] In addition, the filter 608 can be regularly disassembled, cleaned or replaced, and the maintenance operation is simple and convenient, without the need to stop the core components for maintenance; the pre-filter reduces the cleaning frequency inside the dehumidification module 6, reduces the workload and maintenance difficulty of the operation and maintenance personnel; at the same time, the core components run stably, avoid the process interruption caused by fault shutdown, ensure the continuity of large-scale processing, and indirectly reduce the operation cost.

[0035] It is worth mentioning that the air explosion module 4 is configured to supplement fresh air into the fermentation cavity 201 every four hours. Cow dung fermentation relies on aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter, and the oxygen consumption rate of such microorganisms has regularity. Under suitable temperature, the oxygen consumption of microbial metabolism can be maintained within a reasonable range within four hours, and the fermentation will not stop or turn into anaerobic fermentation due to lack of oxygen. The air explosion module 4 supplements fresh air every four hours, which matches the oxygen consumption period of the microorganisms, timely supplements oxygen before the oxygen is exhausted, ensures the continuous and stable activity of the microorganisms, and avoids the waste of excessive oxygen caused by frequent aeration.

[0036] On the other hand, a control method of a cow dung fermentation drying device is also provided, which uses the cow dung fermentation drying device as described above. The control method comprises the following steps: adding materials into the feeding port 101 of the feeding mechanism, and the materials enter the fermentation cavity 201 through the feeding port; the heating module 3 starts to deliver hot air into the fermentation cavity 201, and stops when the temperature in the fermentation cavity 201 reaches 20℃; during the fermentation, the air explosion module 4 delivers fresh air into the fermentation cavity 201 every four hours; before discharging, the air supply module 5 delivers air into the fermentation cavity 201 to discharge hot air; the dehumidification module 6 starts to dehumidify after the heating module 3 starts, or the heating module 3 and the dehumidification module 6 start synchronously.

[0037] Based on the above scheme, the feeding mechanism operates, and after the material enters the fermentation cavity 201 through the sealed feeding port, the system automatically starts the heating module 3, and uniformly delivers hot air into the cavity through the bottom air supply pipe and the cross-shaped air guide 7. Based on the real-time feedback of the temperature sensor in the fermentation cavity 201, when the temperature reaches 20℃, the heating module 3 automatically stops, which not only guarantees the temperature conditions required for the start of microbial metabolism, but also avoids energy waste caused by excessive heating. After the fermentation stage is started, the control system triggers the air burst module 4 according to the preset program, and executes the time sequence logic of supplementing fresh air every four hours. This control logic is accurately matched with the oxygen consumption metabolism period of aerobic microorganisms, that is, within four hours, the initial oxygen in the fermentation cavity 201 can meet the basic metabolic needs of microorganisms, and every four hours, the new air is supplied, and through the control valve of the sharing module, the new air penetrates into the material deep layer through the bottom air supply pipe and the air guide 7, rapidly replacing the anaerobic gas, which not only guarantees the oxygen supply, but also avoids the temperature loss caused by continuous aeration, and realizes the dynamic balance of oxygen supply and temperature preservation. After the fermentation period is over, the control system first closes the air burst module 4, and then starts the air supply module 5, which replaces the residual hot gas in the fermentation cavity 201 with normal temperature fresh air. At this time, the bottom air supply pipe forms a cooperative relationship with the top first return air port, and the new air is supplied from the bottom, which pushes the hot air upward through the return air port, rapidly reduces the material temperature to the interval suitable for storage and discharge, and the exhaust gas treated by the dehumidification module 6 is discharged, realizing the synchronous control of cooling and environmental protection treatment.

[0038] Among them, the control method sets two modes of starting the dehumidification module 6 after starting the heating module 3 or starting the two modules simultaneously, and the core logic is to generate and recover humidity and heat. After the heating module 3 is started, the preheating of the material in the cavity will generate initial humidity, and the dehumidification module 6 is started simultaneously or delayed, which can recover the part of the humid and hot air in time to avoid the accumulation of humidity; in the fermentation stage, a large amount of humid and hot gas is generated by microbial metabolism, and the continuously running dehumidification module 6 completes the dehumidification and purification through the sensible heat exchanger 606 and the evaporator 607, and the recovered waste heat can assist in maintaining the temperature in the cavity, and form energy saving synergy with the intermittent operation of the heating module 3.

[0039] For the hardware configuration of the three ovens 2, the control system adopts staggered peak time sequence scheduling logic. When the oven 2A completes the feeding preheating and enters the fermentation stage, the oven 2B starts the feeding and heating, and the oven 2C enters the discharging and cooling stage. Through the control valve, the air flow supply of the heating, air burst, air supply module 5 is accurately distributed, and the starting time of the dehumidification module 6 corresponding to each oven 2 is uniformly controlled, so that the multi-oven 2 operation process is continuous and the parameters are consistent, and resource conflicts are avoided.

[0040] It should be noted that the oven 2 is provided with a conveying mesh belt, which is sequentially divided into multiple areas along the length direction thereof, and hot air is separately delivered to each area for the material on the conveying mesh belt, and fresh air is delivered through the blast module 4 every four hours during fermentation; wherein, before discharging, hot air is simultaneously delivered to each area through the air supply module 5. The conveying mesh belt is divided into multiple independent areas along the length direction of the oven 2, forming a series fermentation unit, and the material slowly moves along with the mesh belt and sequentially passes through each area to complete the fermentation process. Each area corresponds to a specific stage of fermentation, and the control system delivers hot air to the current area with material according to the fermentation requirements of each area through the linkage of the bottom air supply pipe and the control valve, for example, when the material enters the first area, only the hot air of the area is turned on to heat up to the microbial activation temperature; when the material moves to the second area, the hot air of the area is turned on and maintained at the composting temperature, and the hot air of the previous area is turned off. This precise temperature control mode of supplying hot air to the material in the area avoids ineffective heating of the empty area and realizes differential and precise regulation of the temperature of each fermentation stage. The blast module 4 is started every four hours during fermentation, and through the bottom air supply pipe and the cross air guide 7, fresh air is synchronously supplied to all areas in the oven 2. Since the material is distributed in each area of the conveying mesh belt, the fresh air needs to uniformly cover all areas after being diffused by the air guide 7 to ensure that the aerobic microorganisms in each area can obtain sufficient oxygen; at the same time, the blast timing is matched with the conveying rhythm of the mesh belt, and the material completes the fermentation advancement of one area in four hours, and the fresh air supply can timely provide oxygen for the microbial metabolism of the next area, maintaining the stability of the fermentation environment of each area.

[0041] When the material completes the fermentation process in all areas and is about to be discharged from the end of the oven 2, the control system triggers the air supply module 5 to simultaneously deliver normal temperature air to all areas of the mesh belt through the control valve. At this time, the conveying mesh belt is temporarily stopped, and the fresh air in each area is simultaneously delivered from the bottom air supply pipe and rapidly replaces the residual hot air in the cavity after being diffused by the air guide 7, forming a global synchronous cooling effect, avoiding uneven cooling caused by single area air supply, and ensuring that the temperature of the material in all areas is consistent and decreases to the interval suitable for discharging, and the discharged hot air enters the dehumidification module 6 through the top air return port for treatment.

[0042] In the description herein, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used to distinguish in the description, and have no special meaning.

[0043] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "an example", and the like refers to the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example. In the specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0044] In addition, it should be understood that, although the specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

[0045] The technical principles of the present application are described above in combination with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for the purpose of explaining the principles of the present application, and cannot be interpreted in any way as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Based on the explanations here, those skilled in the art do not need to make creative efforts to think of other specific embodiments of the present application, and these ways will fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A cattle dung fermentation drying apparatus, characterized by, The application relates to a fermentation device, which comprises the following parts: a feeding module (1) with a feeding port (101) and a feeding outlet; an oven (2) with a fermentation cavity (201) which is communicated with the feeding outlet; a heating module (3) which is communicated with the fermentation cavity (201) and is used for conveying hot air into the fermentation cavity (201) so that the temperature in the fermentation cavity (201) reaches a preset fermentation temperature threshold; an air burst module (4) which is communicated with the fermentation cavity (201) and is used for intermittently supplementing fresh air into the fermentation cavity (201) during the fermentation process; an air supply module (5) which is communicated with the fermentation cavity (201) and is used for supplying air into the fermentation cavity (201) to discharge hot air before discharging; a dehumidification module (6) which is communicated with the fermentation cavity (201) and is used for recovering hot air in the fermentation cavity (201) and discharging after filtration and dehumidification; wherein the heating module (3), the air burst module (4) and the air supply module (5) are independently operated in time periods, and the dehumidification module (6) is always in an operating mode.

2. The cattle dung fermentation drying apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The oven (2) is provided with three ovens (2), and each oven (2) is communicated with one dehumidification module (6).

3. The cattle dung fermentation drying apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The oven (2) comprises a box body and an air supply pipe arranged at the bottom of the box body, and the air supply pipe is communicated with the heating module (3), the air burst module (4) and the air supply module (5) respectively.

4. The cattle dung fermentation drying apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The air supply pipe extends along the length direction of the oven (2), and a plurality of air outlets (603) are arranged on the air supply pipe, the air outlets (603) are communicated with air guide members (7), and the air guide members (7) are in a cross shape.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, A first return air outlet is arranged at the top of the oven (2), and the first return air outlet is communicated with the heating module (3), the air burst module (4), the air supply module (5) and the dehumidification module (6) through pipelines.

6. The cattle dung fermentation drying apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The dehumidification module (6) comprises a shell (601), a sensible heat exchanger (606) and an evaporator (607), the sensible heat exchanger (606) and the evaporator (607) are arranged in the shell (601), a fresh air outlet (602), an air outlet (603), a second return air outlet (604) and an exhaust air outlet (605) are arranged on the shell (601), the sensible heat exchanger (606) has A face, B face, C face and D face which are arranged in sequence in the circumferential direction, the A face is communicated with the C face, the B face is communicated with the D face, the A face is communicated with the fresh air outlet (602), the C face is communicated with the air outlet (603), the B face is communicated with the exhaust air outlet (605), the D face is communicated with the second return air outlet (604), the second return air outlet (604) is communicated with the first return air outlet, and the evaporator (607) is arranged in a region between the exhaust air outlet (605) and the B face.

7. The cattle dung fermentation drying apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein, A filter (608) is arranged at the second return air outlet (604).

8. The fermentation drying apparatus for cow dung according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The air burst module (4) is configured to supplement fresh air into the fermentation cavity (201) every four hours.

9. A control method of a cattle dung fermentation drying apparatus, characterized by, The control method comprises the following steps: adding material into the feeding port (101) of the feeding mechanism, the material enters the fermentation cavity (201) through the feeding port, the heating module (3) starts to send hot air into the fermentation cavity (201), and stops when the temperature in the fermentation cavity (201) reaches 20℃; during fermentation, the blast module (4) sends fresh air into the fermentation cavity (201) every four hours, the air supply module (5) sends air into the fermentation cavity (201) to discharge hot air before discharging, the dehumidification module (6) starts to dehumidify after the heating module (3) starts, or the heating module (3) and the dehumidification module (6) start simultaneously.

10. The control method of the cattle dung fermentation drying apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by, The oven (2) is provided with a conveying mesh belt, the conveying mesh belt is sequentially divided into multiple areas along the length direction, hot air is sent to each area of the conveying mesh belt respectively and individually, and the blast module (4) sends fresh air every four hours during fermentation. Before discharging, the air supply module (5) sends air to each area simultaneously to discharge hot air.

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