Candy glazed glittering diamond rock plate and layered glazing preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic rock plates, and discloses a candy glaze glittering diamond rock plate and a layered glazing preparation method thereof.The rock plate structurally comprises a rock plate blank, a bottom basic glaze layer, a middle glittering diamond special-effect glaze layer and a surface layer high-transparency candy glaze layer in sequence from bottom to top. The key point is that the middle glittering special-effect glaze layer is formed by firing a glaze material containing a high-density low-viscosity high-surface tension frit A and a composite glittering aggregate B; and the surface layer high-permeability candy glaze layer is formed by firing glaze containing low-density high-permeability leveling frit C. The preparation method comprises the following steps: applying the glaze slips in layers, and sintering at 1210-1240 DEG C for one time. According to the invention, through the density difference, a stable interface is formed by using the gravitational differentiation effect during firing, the glaze layers are prevented from being mixed, the decorative effects of distinct gradation, clear display of flash drill aggregate and three-dimensional depth feeling are obtained, and the final product has a flat glaze surface and few defects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ceramic slab technology, specifically to a candy-glazed sparkling slab and its layered glazing preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As a new type of building decoration material, sintered stone has been widely used in interior and exterior design due to its physical properties and diverse surface decoration effects. In order to meet the market's demand for personalized and high-quality appearance, the development of sintered stone glaze with special visual effects has become a technological development direction in this field. Among them, adding silicon carbide, synthetic mica and other diamond aggregates to the glaze to form a shimmering and dazzling glaze is a common technical means.

[0003] In existing manufacturing processes, the diamond aggregate is typically mixed with the base glaze and applied directly to the surface of the body, or a simple double-layer glazing structure is used. However, during high-temperature firing, the entire glaze layer is in a molten, flowing state. This fluidity makes the diamond aggregate easily encapsulated and covered by the opaque or translucent glaze melt, significantly reducing its intended light reflection effect and resulting in a dull, lacking three-dimensional diamond effect in the final product. Furthermore, if multiple glaze layers are used, the different glaze layers, due to their incompatible physicochemical properties at high temperatures, easily penetrate and mix with each other, disrupting the intended glaze structure and blurring the interfaces, thus affecting the final visual presentation. In addition, to obtain a smooth glaze surface, it is necessary to ensure that the gases generated during firing can escape smoothly. Improper firing conditions can cause gases to be trapped inside the glaze layer, forming surface defects such as pinholes and bubbles, reducing the product's yield and appearance quality.

[0004] Therefore, how to stably achieve a clear three-dimensional sparkling effect on the surface of rock slabs, while avoiding the mixing of multiple layers of glaze during firing and ensuring a smooth and defect-free glaze surface, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a candy-glazed sparkling rock slab and its layered glazing preparation method, which solves the problems in existing technologies where the multi-layered glazes are easily mixed during high-temperature firing, and the sparkling aggregate is covered by the glaze melt, resulting in a dull sparkling effect and a weak sense of three-dimensionality in the final product.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a candy-glazed sparkling diamond slab, the structure of which, from bottom to top, comprises a slab blank, a bottom base glaze layer, an intermediate sparkling diamond special effect glaze layer, and a surface high-transparency candy glaze layer. The intermediate diamond-effect glaze layer is fired from a glaze containing the following components by weight percentage: high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A: 80% to 85%; composite diamond aggregate B: 15% to 20%. The high-transparency candy glaze layer is fired from a glaze containing the following components by weight percentage: low-density, high-transparency, leveling frit C: 95% to 99%; colorant: 1% to 5%, wherein the colorant is one or more metal oxides selected from cobalt, copper, iron, and vanadium; The density ρ1 of the high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension melt A in the molten state is greater than the density ρ2 of the low-density, high-permeability, level melt C in the molten state.

[0007] In one specific technical solution, the slab blank is made from raw materials containing feldspar, quartz and clay; the underlying base glaze layer is fired from a glaze containing the following weight percentage components: 70% to 85% high-temperature base frit, 5% to 10% quartz and 10% to 15% kaolin.

[0008] In one specific technical solution, the high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A is prepared by melting the following raw materials in weight percentages: quartz 30% to 40%, boric acid 15% to 25%, zinc oxide 20% to 30%, barium carbonate 10% to 20%, and kaolin 3% to 8%.

[0009] In one specific technical solution, the composite flash diamond aggregate B is composed of surface-modified silicon carbide particles and synthetic fluorophlogopite mixed in a weight ratio of 7:3 to 9:1; the particle size of the surface-modified silicon carbide particles is 40 mesh to 70 mesh, and the particle size of the synthetic fluorophlogopite is 100 mesh to 200 mesh.

[0010] In one specific technical solution, the low-density, high-permeability, leveling frit C is prepared by melting the following raw materials in weight percentages: 65% to 75% quartz, 10% to 18% boric acid, 8% to 15% potassium carbonate, and 3% to 8% sodium carbonate.

[0011] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a layered glazing process for a candy-glazed diamond-patterned slab, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare a base glaze, a mid-layer diamond-effect glaze, and a top-layer high-transparency candy glaze, respectively. The solid phase component of the mid-layer diamond-effect glaze, by weight percentage, comprises 80% to 85% high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A and 15% to 20% composite diamond aggregate B. The solid phase component of the top-layer high-transparency candy glaze, by weight percentage, comprises 95% to 99% low-density, high-transparency, leveling frit C and 1% to 5% colorant, wherein the colorant is one or more metal oxides selected from cobalt, copper, iron, and vanadium. The selection of the high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A and the low-density, high-transparency, leveling frit C is such that the density ρ1 of the former in the molten state is greater than the density ρ2 of the latter in the molten state. S2. On the slab blank, the bottom base glaze, the intermediate sparkling effect glaze, and the surface high-transparency candy glaze are applied sequentially. S3. The slab blank with layered glazing is fired once at a peak temperature of 1210℃ to 1240℃.

[0012] In one specific technical solution, in step S2, the amount of the intermediate sparkling effect glaze applied is 300g / m³. 2 Up to 500g / m 2 The application rate of the high-transparency candy glaze paste is 400g / m². 2 Up to 600g / m 2 .

[0013] In one specific technical solution, the preparation method of the high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A is as follows: the raw material is melted at 1450℃ to 1550℃ and then water-quenched; the preparation method of the low-density, high-permeability, leveling frit C is as follows: the raw material is melted at 1400℃ to 1500℃ and then water-quenched.

[0014] In one specific technical solution, the preparation method of the surface-modified silicon carbide particles in the composite flash diamond aggregate B includes: preparing a borosilicate sol using tetraethyl orthosilicate and trimethyl borate, coating silicon carbide particles with a particle size of 40 to 70 mesh in the sol, then drying, and calcining at 450°C to 550°C.

[0015] In one specific technical solution, the firing process of step S3 includes the following firing curve: heating from room temperature to 600°C at a rate of 15°C / min to 25°C / min to remove moisture and organic additives from the glaze slurry; then heating to 900°C at a rate of 10°C / min to 20°C / min to allow the gases generated by the decomposition of inorganic matter in the glaze to escape slowly; and then heating to a peak temperature of 1210°C to 1240°C at a rate of 20°C / min to 30°C / min, and holding at the peak temperature for 5 to 12 minutes to allow the intermediate sparkling effect glaze layer and the surface high-transparency candy glaze layer to completely melt and form a predetermined glaze structure.

[0016] This invention provides a candy-glazed diamond-patterned slab and its layered glazing preparation method. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention sets the melt density ρ1 of the base frit (high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A) of the intermediate sparkling effect glaze layer to be greater than the melt density ρ2 of the base frit (low-density, high-transparency, leveling frit C) of the surface high-transparency candy glaze layer. During high-temperature firing, gravity separation is used to form a stable physical interface between the two molten glaze layers. This interface prevents the two glaze layers from mixing, ensuring the high transparency of the surface glaze and the clear visibility of the intermediate sparkling aggregate, thus forming a final decorative surface with clear layers and a three-dimensional depth.

[0017] 2. The intermediate sparkling effect glaze layer of this invention uses a high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A. Its low viscosity allows it to fully encapsulate the composite sparkling aggregate B during melting. Simultaneously, its high surface tension results in incomplete encapsulation of the aggregate particles during melting. This structure allows the edges and crystal faces of the aggregate particles to be partially exposed rather than completely submerged. Combined with a highly transparent surface glaze, this maximizes the light reflection effect of the sparkling aggregate, resulting in a more prominent and clearer sparkling visual effect.

[0018] 3. The three-stage firing process employed in this invention, particularly the slow heating stage from 600℃ to 900℃, provides ample time for the gases generated by the decomposition of inorganic substances in the glaze to escape, effectively preventing defects such as pinholes and bubbles from forming on the final glaze surface. Furthermore, the heat-holding stage at the peak temperature, combined with the leveling properties of the low-density, high-permeability frit C used in the surface layer, ensures that the glaze can be fully spread, ultimately resulting in a smooth, even, and highly glossy slab product. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The main raw materials and reagents used in the following preparation examples, embodiments and comparative examples are as follows. Unless otherwise specified, all reagents are commercially available analytical grade or higher grade products.

[0021] Quartz, CAS No.: 14808-60-7; Kaolin, CAS No.: 1332-58-7; Boric acid, CAS No.: 10043-35-3; Zinc oxide, CAS No.: 1314-13-2; Barium carbonate, CAS No.: 513-77-9; Potassium carbonate, CAS No.: 584-08-7; Sodium carbonate, CAS No.: 497-19-8; Silicon carbide, CAS No.: 409-21-2; Synthetic fluorophlogopite, CAS No.: 12003-38-2; Ethyl orthosilicate, CAS No.: 78-10-4; Trimethyl borate, CAS No.: 121-43-7; Cobalt oxide, CAS No.: 1307-96-6; Iron oxide, CAS No.: 1332-37-2; Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, CAS No.: 9004-32-4.

[0022] Preparation example: 1. Preparation of high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A (frit A): Weigh the following raw materials by weight percentage: quartz (35%), boric acid (20%), zinc oxide (25%), barium carbonate (15%), and kaolin (5%). Place the weighed raw materials in a mixer and dry mix for 15 minutes until homogeneous. Load the mixture into a corundum crucible and place it in a high-temperature silicon molybdenum rod furnace. Heat the crucible to 1500℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min and hold at this temperature for 2 hours until the melt is completely clear and free of bubbles. Pour the molten glass into circulating cooling water for water quenching. Remove the frit fragments obtained from water quenching, dry them in an oven at 110℃ for 4 hours, and then crush and grind them using a jaw crusher and ball mill. Pass the powder through a 120-mesh sieve to obtain frit A powder for later use.

[0023] 2. Preparation of low-density, high-permeability, leveling frit C (frit C): Weigh the following raw materials by weight percentage: quartz (70%), boric acid (14%), potassium carbonate (11%), and sodium carbonate (5%). Place the weighed raw materials in a mixer and dry mix for 15 minutes until homogeneous. Load the mixture into a corundum crucible and place it in a high-temperature silicon molybdenum rod furnace. Heat the crucible to 1450°C at a rate of 10°C / min and hold at this temperature for 2 hours until the melt is completely clear and free of bubbles. Pour the molten glass into circulating cooling water for water quenching. Remove the frit fragments obtained from water quenching, dry them in an oven at 110°C for 4 hours, and then crush and grind them using a jaw crusher and ball mill. Pass the powder through a 120-mesh sieve to obtain frit C powder for later use.

[0024] 3. Preparation of surface-modified silicon carbide particles: (1) Preparation of borosilicate sol: In a three-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a magnetic stirrer, 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 20.8 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate (0.1 mol), 10.4 g of trimethyl borate (0.1 mol), and 2 mL of hydrochloric acid (2 mol / L) were added sequentially. The mixture was stirred in a water bath at 60 °C for 2 hours to obtain a clear and homogeneous borosilicate sol; (2) Coating and calcination: Weigh 100g of silicon carbide particles with a particle size of 40 to 70 mesh and add them to the borosilicate sol prepared above. Stir continuously for 30 minutes to make the sol uniformly coat the surface of the silicon carbide particles. Filter the coated particles and dry them in an oven at 110°C for 4 hours. Place the dried particles in a muffle furnace and heat them to 500°C at a rate of 5°C / min. After holding at this temperature for 2 hours, cool them to room temperature with the furnace to obtain surface-modified silicon carbide particles with a borosilicate glass layer on the surface.

[0025] 4. Preparation of composite flash diamond aggregate B (aggregate B): The surface-modified silicon carbide particles prepared above and synthetic fluorophlogopite with a particle size of 100 to 200 mesh were weighed at a weight ratio of 8:2. The two weighed materials were placed in a V-type mixer and mixed for 20 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed composite flash cobalt aggregate B for later use.

[0026] Examples 1-3: Example 1: This embodiment provides a method for preparing a candy-glazed diamond-patterned slab, the specific steps of which are as follows: (1) Preparation of glaze slurry: Base glaze slurry: Weigh 80 parts of high-temperature base frit, 7 parts of quartz, and 13 parts of kaolin by weight. Add 50 parts of water and 0.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ball mill for 4 hours, and pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the base glaze slurry. Intermediate flash diamond special effect glaze slurry: Weigh 83 parts of frit A and 17 parts of aggregate B prepared in this invention by weight. Add 45 parts of water and 0.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and slowly stir in a mixing tank for 30 minutes to mix evenly to obtain the intermediate flash diamond special effect glaze slurry. Top layer high-transparency candy glaze slurry: Weigh 97 parts of frit C and 3 parts of cobalt oxide prepared in this invention by weight. Add 50 parts of water and 0.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ball mill for 4 hours, and pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the top layer high-transparency candy glaze slurry; (2) Layered glazing: Apply glaze in layers to the surface of the slab using a pouring method, using 200g / m² of glaze. 2 The base glaze, 400g / m 2 The central sparkling effect glaze, 500g / m 2 The surface layer is a highly transparent candy glaze. (3) First firing: The glazed slab blank is placed in a roller kiln and fired according to the following firing curve: the temperature is increased from room temperature to 600℃ at a rate of 20℃ / min; then increased to 900℃ at a rate of 15℃ / min; then increased to the peak temperature of 1225℃ at a rate of 25℃ / min, and held at the peak temperature for 8 minutes. After the holding period, the slab is cooled with the kiln to obtain the candy-glazed sparkling diamond slab, which is recorded as sample S1.

[0027] Example 2: This embodiment provides a method for preparing a candy-glazed diamond-patterned slab. The main differences between this method and Example 1 are in the component ratios, glaze application amount, and firing parameters. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Glaze preparation: Base glaze: 85 parts by weight of high-temperature base frit, 5 parts by weight of quartz, and 10 parts by weight of kaolin. Prepare the glaze according to the method of Example 1. Intermediate flash diamond special effect glaze: 80 parts by weight of frit A and 20 parts by weight of aggregate B prepared in this invention. Prepare the glaze according to the method of Example 1. Top layer high-transparency candy glaze: 99 parts by weight of frit C and 1 part by weight of iron oxide prepared in this invention. Prepare the glaze according to the method of Example 1; (2) Layered glazing: Apply glaze in layers to the surface of the slab using a pouring method, using 180g / m 2 The base glaze slurry, 300g / m 2 The central diamond-like special effect glaze, 400g / m 2 The surface layer is a highly transparent candy glaze. (3) First firing: The glazed slab blank is placed in a roller kiln and fired according to the following firing curve: the temperature is increased from room temperature to 600℃ at a rate of 15℃ / min; then increased to 900℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min; then increased to the peak temperature of 1210℃ at a rate of 20℃ / min, and held at the peak temperature for 5 minutes. After the holding period, the slab is cooled with the kiln to obtain the candy-glazed sparkling diamond slab, which is denoted as sample S2.

[0028] Example 3: This embodiment provides a method for preparing a candy-glazed diamond-patterned slab. The main differences between this method and Example 1 are in the component ratios, glaze application amount, and firing parameters. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Glaze preparation: Base glaze: 75 parts by weight of high-temperature base frit, 10 parts by weight of quartz, and 15 parts by weight of kaolin. Prepare the glaze according to the method of Example 1. Intermediate flash diamond special effect glaze: 85 parts by weight of frit A and 15 parts by weight of aggregate B prepared in this invention. Prepare the glaze according to the method of Example 1. Top layer high-transparency candy glaze: 95 parts by weight of frit C, 4 parts by weight of iron oxide, and 1 part by weight of cobalt oxide prepared in this invention. Prepare the glaze according to the method of Example 1. (2) Layered glazing: Apply glaze in layers to the surface of the slab using a pouring method, using 220g / m 2 The base glaze slurry, 500g / m 2 The central diamond-like special effect glaze, 600g / m 2 The surface layer is a highly transparent candy glaze. (3) First firing: The glazed slab blank is placed in a roller kiln and fired according to the following firing curve: the temperature is increased from room temperature to 600℃ at a rate of 25℃ / min; then increased to 900℃ at a rate of 20℃ / min; then increased to the peak temperature of 1240℃ at a rate of 30℃ / min, and held at the peak temperature for 12 minutes. After the holding period, the slab is cooled with the kiln to obtain the candy-glazed sparkling diamond slab, which is designated as sample S3.

[0029] Comparative Examples 1-3: Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A used in the intermediate flash diamond special effect glaze is replaced with a low-density frit A' prepared by the following method.

[0030] Preparation of low-density frit A': The following raw materials were weighed by weight percentage: quartz (55%), boric acid (20%), potassium carbonate (15%), sodium carbonate (7%), and kaolin (3%). Low-density frit A' powder was prepared using the same melting and water-quenching process as frit A. The density ρ1' of this frit A' in the molten state is less than the molten density ρ2 of frit C in Example 1.

[0031] The remaining preparation steps, raw material ratios, glaze application amount, and firing regime were exactly the same as in Example 1. The final slab product was designated as sample DS1.

[0032] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in the firing curve of step (3) firing once. This comparative example adopts a single-rate linear heating method, specifically: heating from room temperature to 1225°C at a single heating rate of 20°C / min, and holding at the peak temperature for 8 minutes.

[0033] The remaining preparation steps, raw materials, proportions, and glaze application amounts were exactly the same as in Example 1. The final slab product was designated as sample DS2.

[0034] Comparative Example 3: Compared to Example 1, the difference lies in the glaze preparation and glazing steps. This comparative example does not have a separate intermediate diamond-effect glaze layer; instead, composite diamond aggregate B is directly added to the surface glaze.

[0035] (1) Glaze preparation: Only the base glaze and the mixed sparkling glaze were prepared. The base glaze was prepared in the same way as in Example 1. The mixed sparkling glaze was prepared by weighing 97 parts of frit C, 3 parts of cobalt oxide, and 17 parts of aggregate B by weight. 50 parts of water and 0.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were added, and the mixture was slowly stirred in a mixing tank for 30 minutes to make it uniform. (2) Layered glazing: Apply 200g / m² glaze sequentially to the surface of the slab blank. 2 The underlying base glaze and 900g / m 2 A mixed diamond glaze.

[0036] The remaining preparation steps and firing regime were exactly the same as in Example 1. The final slab product was designated as sample DS3.

[0037] Test Example 1-2: Test Example 1: Evaluation of Appearance and Structural Stability 1. Test method: This test is used to evaluate the macroscopic appearance quality and internal glaze structure stability of the final fired candy-glazed diamond slab samples.

[0038] (1) Test environment: The test was conducted under a standard D65 light source, and the illuminance of the test platform was controlled at 1000±200 lux; (2) Observation conditions: The observer is 50cm away from the sample surface and conducts visual inspection at two angles of 90° and 45° to the sample surface; (3) Evaluation indicators: (a) Clarity of interlayer interface: Record whether there is a clear boundary between the intermediate sparkling special effect glaze layer and the surface high transparency candy glaze layer, or whether there is obvious mutual mixing and penetration. (b) Display effect of flash diamond aggregate: Record whether the particles of composite flash diamond aggregate B in the intermediate layer are clearly visible and whether they present a three-dimensional depth due to light reflection.

[0039] 2. Test Results The above tests were performed on samples S1, S2, and S3 prepared in Examples 1-3 and samples DS1, DS2, and DS3 prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3, and the objective phenomena were recorded in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Evaluation results of appearance and structural stability of each sample.

[0041] 3. Discussion of Results Test results show that samples S1, S2, and S3 all formed clear interlayer interfaces and exhibited a distinct diamond-like effect, while sample DS1 showed glaze layer mixing. This is because, during the high-temperature firing stage, the melt density ρ1 of the intermediate diamond-like effect glaze layer was greater than the melt density ρ2 of the surface high-transparency candy-colored glaze layer. Under the influence of this density difference, gravitational differentiation caused a stable physical interface to form between the two molten glaze layers. This interface prevented the mutual migration of components, thus ensuring the high transparency of the surface layer and the clear visibility of the intermediate diamond-like aggregate. Sample DS1 violated this density relationship, causing the glaze to mix in the molten state, thus disrupting the intended layered structure.

[0042] The diamond-like aggregates in samples S1, S2, and S3 exhibit a clear three-dimensional effect, while sample DS3, where the aggregate is directly mixed into the surface glaze, produces a flat effect without any three-dimensionality. In the structure with an independent intermediate diamond-like effect glaze layer, the high-density, low-viscosity, high-surface-tension frit A, with its designed low viscosity and high surface tension characteristics, incompletely coats the aggregate particles during melting. This structure allows the crystal faces of the aggregate to be partially exposed, and the reflected light can penetrate the overlying high-transparency surface glaze layer, thus producing a three-dimensional shimmering effect. In contrast, in the structure of sample DS3, the aggregate particles are completely immersed and wrapped by the surface glaze, resulting in suppressed light reflection and an inability to form the expected three-dimensional visual hierarchy.

[0043] Experimental results further demonstrate that a stable three-layer glaze structure is constructed by combining intermediate and top-layer glazes with specific density differences and applying them over the underlying base glaze layer. This structure ensures the visual effect of the diamond-like aggregate through physical layering, while relying on the use of low-density, high-transparency, leveling frit C in the top layer to form a smooth, highly translucent surface, providing the necessary conditions for the presentation of the diamond-like effect in the intermediate layer. The results of sample DS2 indicate that even with correct glaze structure and composition, improper firing processes can affect the final visual presentation. Therefore, the combination of a specific layered glaze system and a precisely controlled firing regime is the technical foundation for stably obtaining a glaze surface that combines a three-dimensional diamond-like effect with a smooth glaze surface.

[0044] Test Example 2: Physical Properties Test of Glaze 1. Test method: This test is used to quantitatively evaluate the surface physical properties of the final fired candy-glazed diamond slab samples.

[0045] (1) Surface gloss test: A 60° angle gloss meter of model HG268 was used. Five points were randomly selected in an area without obvious defects on the surface of each sample for measurement. The readings were recorded and the arithmetic mean of the five readings was calculated as the surface gloss of the sample. (2) Glaze defect rate statistics: Visual inspection was conducted at a distance of 1m perpendicular to the sample surface under a standard D65 light source and an illuminance of 1000±200 lux. Statistics were compiled at 1m. 2 The total number of visible defects such as pinholes and bubbles with a diameter greater than 0.5 mm within the area is denoted as the glaze defect rate, with the unit being defects per square meter (mm). 2 .

[0046] 2. Test Results The above tests were performed on samples S1, S2, and S3 prepared in Examples 1-3 and samples DS1, DS2, and DS3 prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3, and the numerical data are recorded in Table 2.

[0047] Table 2. Test results of the physical properties of the glaze surface of each sample.

[0048] 3. Discussion of Results Test results show that the glaze defect rates of samples S1, S2, and S3 are significantly lower than that of sample DS2. This is because the three-stage firing curves used in S1, S2, and S3 have heating rates of 10℃ / min to 20℃ / min within the temperature range of 600℃ to 900℃. This stage is the concentrated escape period of gases generated by the decomposition of inorganic matter in the glaze, and the slower heating rate provides sufficient time for the gases to escape slowly from the glaze layer. In contrast, the single-rate linear heating method used in sample DS2 causes the glaze surface to melt and seal prematurely, hindering the escape of internal gases. The gases are trapped inside the glaze layer, ultimately forming a large number of pinholes and bubbles, resulting in the highest glaze defect rate.

[0049] The surface gloss of samples S1, S2, and S3 all exceeded 90%, significantly higher than that of samples DS1, DS2, and DS3. This is attributed to the use of low-density, high-permeability leveling frit C in the surface layer, combined with a heat-holding stage at peak temperature. During the heat-holding process from 1210℃ to 1240℃, the frit C melt exhibited sufficient flow and spreading ability, eliminating minor undulations generated during glazing and forming a smooth, mirror-like surface. Sample DS3, on the other hand, directly introduced composite diamond aggregate B into the surface layer. The presence of its coarse particles physically hindered the leveling process of the glaze, compromising the smoothness of the glaze surface, thus resulting in lower gloss.

[0050] Comprehensive analysis reveals that achieving a glaze with low defect rate and high gloss depends on the synergistic effect of a specific firing regime and the composition of the surface glaze. Precisely controlled heating ensures a dense, non-porous glaze, while the surface glaze with specific leveling properties guarantees a smooth final surface. The results of sample DS1 also indicate that when the underlying structure becomes mixed due to density mismatch, its inhomogeneity is also transmitted to the surface, affecting leveling, thereby reducing surface gloss and increasing the number of defects. Therefore, a stable layered structure is fundamental to achieving a high-quality glaze.

Claims

1. A candy-coated chrysolite rock slab, characterized by, The flash drilling rock plate structure comprises, from bottom to top, a rock plate blank, a bottom layer basic glaze layer, an intermediate flash drilling special effect glaze layer, and a surface layer high-transparency candy glaze layer. The intermediate flash drilling special effect glaze layer is prepared by firing a glaze comprising the following components by weight percentage: High-density low-viscosity high-surface-tension frit A: 80%-85%; Composite flash drilling aggregate B: 15%-20%; The surface layer high-transparency candy glaze layer is prepared by firing a glaze comprising the following components by weight percentage: Low-density high-transparency flow leveling frit C: 95%-99%; Coloring agent: 1%-5%, which is one or more selected from metal oxides of cobalt, copper, iron, and vanadium; The density ρ1 of the high-density low-viscosity high-surface-tension frit A in a molten state is greater than the density ρ2 of the low-density high-transparency flow leveling frit C in a molten state.

2. A rock candy-coated diamond simulant slab according to claim 1, wherein, The rock plate blank is made of raw materials comprising feldspar, quartz, and clay; The bottom layer basic glaze layer is prepared by firing a glaze comprising the following components by weight percentage: High-temperature basic frit 70%-85%, quartz 5%-10%, and kaolin 10%-15%.

3. A rock candy-coated diamond simulant slab according to claim 1, wherein, The high-density low-viscosity high-surface-tension frit A is prepared by melting raw materials in the following weight percentage: Quartz 30%-40%, boric acid 15%-25%, zinc oxide 20%-30%, barium carbonate 10%-20%, and kaolin 3%-8%.

4. A rock candy-coated diamond simulant slab according to claim 1, wherein, The composite flash drilling aggregate B is prepared by mixing surface-modified silicon carbide particles with synthetic fluorphlogopite in a weight ratio of 7:3-9:

1. The particle size of the surface-modified silicon carbide particles is 40-70 mesh, and the particle size of the synthetic fluorphlogopite is 100-200 mesh.

5. A rock candy-coated diamond simulant slab according to claim 1, wherein, The low-density high-transparency flow leveling frit C is prepared by melting raw materials in the following weight percentage: Quartz 65%-75%, boric acid 10%-18%, potassium carbonate 8%-15%, and sodium carbonate 3%-8%.

6. A method of producing a layered glazed rock candy plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The method comprises the following steps: S1, respectively preparing a bottom layer basic glaze slurry, an intermediate flash drilling special effect glaze slurry, and a surface layer high-transparency candy glaze slurry, The solid phase components of the intermediate flash drilling special effect glaze slurry comprise, by weight percentage, 80%-85% of the high-density low-viscosity high-surface-tension frit A and 15%-20% of the composite flash drilling aggregate B, the solid phase components of the surface layer high-transparency candy glaze slurry comprise, by weight percentage, 95%-99% of the low-density high-transparency flow leveling frit C and 1%-5% of a coloring agent, which is one or more selected from metal oxides of cobalt, copper, iron, and vanadium, and the high-density low-viscosity high-surface-tension frit A and the low-density high-transparency flow leveling frit C are selected such that the density ρ1 of the former in a molten state is greater than the density ρ2 of the latter in a molten state; S2, sequentially applying the bottom layer basic glaze slurry, the intermediate flash drilling special effect glaze slurry, and the surface layer high-transparency candy glaze slurry on the rock plate blank; S3, performing one-time firing on the rock plate blank on which the layered glazing is completed under the condition that the peak temperature is 1210-1240℃.

7. A method of producing a layered coated rock candy according to claim 6, wherein The application amount of the intermediate flash drill special effect glaze in the S2 step is 300 g / m 2 -500 g / m 2 The application amount of the surface layer high-transparency candy glaze is 400 g / m 2 -600 g / m 2 .

8. A method of producing a layered coated rock candy according to claim 6, wherein The preparation method of the high-density low-viscosity high-surface-tension frit A is: Melting raw materials at 1450-1550℃ and then water quenching; The preparation method of the low-density high-transparency flow leveling frit C is: The raw materials are melted at 1400-1500°C and then quenched in water.

9. A method of producing a layered coated rock candy according to claim 6, wherein The method for preparing the surface-modified silicon carbide particles in the composite flash drill aggregate B comprises: Borosilicate sol is prepared using tetraethyl orthosilicate and trimethyl borate, and silicon carbide particles with a particle size of 40-70 mesh are coated in the sol, then dried and calcined at 450-550°C.

10. The method for preparing a layered glazing process for a candy-glazed diamond-patterned slab according to claim 6, characterized in that, The firing curve of the S3 step comprises: Rising from room temperature to 600°C at a rate of 15-25°C / min is used to remove water and organic additives in the glaze slurry; Rising to 900°C at a rate of 10-20°C / min is used to slowly release the gas generated by the decomposition of inorganic substances in the glaze; Finally, rising to a peak temperature of 1210-1240°C at a rate of 20-30°C / min and holding at the peak temperature for 5-12 minutes is used to completely melt the intermediate flash drill special effect glaze layer and the surface layer high-transparency candy glaze layer and form a predetermined glaze surface structure.

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