Large-size air film building construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of buildings, and discloses a large-size air film building construction method which comprises the following steps: S1, pouring a concrete foundation, and pre-burying an inhaul cable anchoring ring and a film pressing bolt in the foundation; s2, the membrane materials are unfolded on the foundation in a partitioned mode, the adjacent membrane materials are connected in a heat sealing and mechanical reinforcing combined mode, and the boundary of the membrane materials is anchored to the foundation; s3, after the membrane surface is unfolded, obliquely crossed steel mesh cables are laid, the crossed points of the steel mesh cables are locked through buckles, and the ends of the steel mesh cables are connected with inhaul cable anchoring rings of the foundation through shackles; and S4, a plurality of draught fans are adopted to supply air into the closed space in a grading starting mode, air inflation is suspended at preset internal pressure nodes based on feedback of a pressure difference sensor, and the steel mesh cable and the membrane material boundary are adjusted and checked till the internal pressure reaches a design value. The method has the beneficial effect that the building can reach the mechanical property and air tightness standard required by the large-span design.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of construction, in particular to a large-size air film building construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Air-supported membrane structure building is a new type of spatial structure form, which has the advantages of light self-weight, fast construction, low cost and mobility, and has been widely used in the fields of stadiums, warehousing and logistics, temporary exhibition halls and the like in China. The traditional construction process of air-supported membrane structure building is modularized membrane material on-site splicing and overall inflation forming. Specifically, the prefabricated membrane material is first transported to the site, the boundary is fixed through the anchoring system, and then the blower is used to continuously blow air into the closed space to form a pressure-bearing structure.

[0003] With the increasing demand for large-span column-free space in industrial and civil fields, the existing construction method of air-supported membrane structure building faces technical bottlenecks. On the one hand, large-size membrane surfaces are prone to wrinkle or tear due to local stress concentration during inflation; on the other hand, the existing construction method is easily affected under the action of large wind load, and it is difficult to meet the use requirements of large-span scenes. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the existing air film building construction method cannot meet the use requirements of large-span scenes, and the purpose is to provide a large-size air film building construction method, so that the building can meet the mechanical performance and air tightness standards required by large-span design.

[0005] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme: A large-size air film building construction method, comprising the following steps: S1, pouring a concrete foundation and pre-burying a cable anchoring ring and a membrane pressing bolt in the foundation; S2, expanding the membrane material in zones on the foundation, connecting adjacent membrane materials by combining heat sealing and mechanical reinforcement, and anchoring the membrane material boundary on the foundation; S3, after the membrane surface is expanded, laying a steel net cable in a diagonal and intersecting manner, the steel net cable is locked at the intersection point by a buckle, and the end is connected to the cable anchoring ring of the foundation by unloading the buckle; S4, using multiple blowers to blow air into the closed space in a step-by-step starting manner, and based on the feedback of the differential pressure sensor, pausing inflation at a preset internal pressure node, adjusting and checking the steel net cable and the membrane material boundary, until the internal pressure reaches the design value.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the present application are that by pre-embedding anchors in the foundation and configuring diagonal intersecting steel cable nets for the membrane surface, a rigid-flexible spatial net force bearing system is constructed, the traditional air membrane relying on the skin structure of the membrane material itself is upgraded to a composite structure of membrane-cable cooperation, the overall rigidity and stability of the structure are improved, the local stress of the large-span membrane surface under wind load is dispersed, and the risk of wrinkles and tears is avoided; at the same time, by means of partitioned deployment, mechanical reinforcement to ensure connection reliability, and the use of a hierarchical inflation and node suspension control process based on sensor feedback, the construction process is changed from empirical operation to data operation, ensuring that every step of forming the final structure form is stable and controlled, so that the building can meet the mechanical performance and air tightness standards required by large-span design.

[0007] In some embodiments, the steel cable net includes longitudinal cables laid along the long axis direction of the air membrane and transverse cables laid diagonally intersecting the longitudinal cables, and the included angle between the transverse cables and the longitudinal cables is 55°-65°. By using a specific structure of diagonal intersection (55°-65°) of the steel cable net, external forces such as wind load are decomposed and transmitted to the foundation, the wind resistance of the structure is improved, the stress concentration problem that may occur in a square or rectangular grid is avoided, and the overall stability and fatigue resistance of the structure are enhanced.

[0008] In some embodiments, the preset internal pressure nodes in step S4 include 50 Pa, 70 Pa and 100 Pa; When the internal pressure reaches 50 Pa, personnel enter the net to check the hanging points of the cable net; When the internal pressure reaches 70 Pa, the misaligned buckles and the boundary bolts are temporarily stopped and adjusted; When the internal pressure reaches 100 Pa, a comprehensive inspection is carried out to ensure air tightness. By setting three key internal pressure control nodes of 50 Pa, 70 Pa and 100 Pa, potential defects such as cable net misalignment and loose bolts are timely eliminated in the key deformation stages of the structure from relaxation to tension, and tearing of the membrane material or instability of the structure caused by process out of control is avoided.

[0009] In some embodiments, the combination of heat sealing and mechanical reinforcement is that the edges of adjacent membrane materials are overlapped by 25 mm in width and heat sealed by high frequency, then aluminum clamps are pressed on both sides of the heat sealing seam, and horse bolts are used for hole locking. Through the double sealing connection process of heat sealing and mechanical reinforcement, the air tightness and mechanical strength of the membrane material joint are ensured, which is especially suitable for large-size air membrane structures that bear large wind pressure and internal pressure.

[0010] In some embodiments, the buckle is a cross buckle with anti-slip grooves, which fastens the intersecting steel cable net at a point through upper and lower pressing plates and bolts. By using a cross buckle with anti-slip grooves, the sliding or misalignment of the steel cable net at the intersection node is prevented, and the stability of the geometric form of the cable net is ensured.

[0011] In some embodiments, after the inflation reaches the design value, health monitoring is carried out, the health monitoring scans the membrane surface with an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying an infrared device, identifies abnormal stress areas and marks them. Through unmanned aerial vehicle infrared scanning in the construction acceptance link, the rapid, non-contact and full-coverage detection of the stress state of the large-scale membrane surface can accurately and intuitively locate the local stress concentration area that is difficult to find by naked eye, so as to subsequently targeted reinforcement and improve the accuracy and efficiency of quality acceptance.

[0012] In some embodiments, the health monitoring further comprises detecting the sag of the steel mesh cable using a total station, and the deviation of the steel mesh cable is not greater than 1 / 1000 of the cable length. By quantitatively detecting the sag of the cable network through the total station, it can be accurately verified whether the steel mesh cable is in a reasonable tension state, providing data support for the entire structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the health monitoring further comprises emergency joint testing, the emergency joint testing is carried out after the construction is completed, and the emergency joint testing comprises simulating a power failure condition, testing whether the standby diesel engine group can restore the pressure in the building within 12 seconds, and testing the response time of the personnel access control system. Through the joint testing verification step of the emergency system, the response reliability of the standby system and the access control system under extreme conditions (such as power failure) is actively verified, providing substantial safety protection for the whole life cycle operation of the building and improving the safety level of the building.

[0014] In some embodiments, the step of staged starting is to start a small number of fans first, and then gradually increase the number of started fans at a set time interval until all the fans are put into work. By specifically defining the staged starting strategy of the fan, damage to the membrane material and cable network caused by pressure impact when a large number of fans start simultaneously is avoided, and the membrane structure can smoothly transition to a full stress state.

[0015] In some embodiments, the specific step of anchoring the boundary of the membrane material to the foundation is to embed the membrane edge rope into the groove of the L-shaped angle steel, and then connect the angle steel to the foundation through the pre-buried membrane pressing bolt. By embedding the membrane edge rope into the L-shaped angle steel and pressing it with a bolt, the strong uplift resistance of the membrane material boundary is ensured, and through the transition of the flexible membrane edge rope, stress concentration is avoided to cut and damage the membrane material itself, ensuring the durability and air tightness of the anchoring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. By embedding anchorages in the foundation and configuring the membrane surface with diagonally intersecting steel cable nets, a rigid-flexible spatial netted bearing system is constructed, the traditional air-supported membrane is upgraded from a skin structure relying on the tensile resistance of the membrane material to a composite structure with membrane-cable cooperation, the overall rigidity and stability of the structure is improved, the local stress of the large-span membrane surface under wind load is dispersed, the risk of wrinkles and tears is avoided; at the same time, by partitioned deployment, mechanical reinforcement to ensure connection reliability, and by using a hierarchical inflation and node pause control process based on sensor feedback, the construction process is changed from empirical operation to data operation, ensuring that every step to form the final structure form is stable and controlled, so that the building can meet the mechanical performance and air tightness standards required by large-span design.

[0017] 2. By specifically defining the hierarchical start-up strategy of the wind machine, damage to the membrane material and cable net caused by pressure impact when a large number of wind machines start simultaneously is avoided, and the membrane structure can smoothly transition to a fully stressed state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the example embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor. In the drawings: Figure 1 The construction method of the present application is shown in the diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear and explicit, the following will further explain the present application in combination with the embodiments and drawings. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their explanations are only used to explain the present application, and not as a limitation on the present application.

[0020] Throughout the specification, the mention of "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "one example" or "an example" means that the particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the phrases "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "one example" or "an example" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any appropriate combination and / or sub-combination. In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0021] In the description of the present application, the terms "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] The terms "first", "second", and the like used in the present application are only for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding parts for the sake of clarity, and are not intended to limit any order or emphasize importance. In addition, the term "connection" used herein can be direct connection or indirect connection via other components without special description. Embodiment

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, the present embodiment provides a large-size air film building construction method, comprising the following steps: S1, pouring concrete foundation, and pre-burying cable anchor ring and film pressing bolt in the foundation; S2, expanding film material in zones on the foundation, connecting adjacent film materials by combining heat sealing and mechanical reinforcement, and anchoring the film material boundary on the foundation; S3, after the film surface is expanded, laying steel net cables in a diagonal and cross manner, the steel net cables are locked at the intersection points by buckles, and the end portions are connected to the cable anchor ring of the foundation by unloading the buckle; S4, using multiple air blowers to supply air to the closed space in a step-by-step starting manner, and based on the feedback of the differential pressure sensor, pausing inflation at the preset internal pressure node, adjusting and checking the steel net cable and the film material boundary, until the internal pressure reaches the design value. By pre-burying the anchor in the foundation and configuring the diagonal and cross steel net cables for the film surface, a space net force system with rigidity and flexibility is constructed, the traditional air film relying on the skin structure of the film material itself is upgraded to a composite structure of film and cable cooperation, the overall rigidity and stability of the structure are improved, the local stress of the large-span film surface under wind load is dispersed, and the risk of wrinkles and tearing is avoided; at the same time, by expanding in zones, mechanical reinforcement ensures the reliability of the connection, and the step-by-step inflation and node pause control process based on sensor feedback is adopted, so that the construction process changes from experience operation to data operation, ensuring that every step to form the final structure form is stable and controlled, so that the building can meet the mechanical performance and air tightness standards required by large-span design.

[0024] Specifically, the steel cable net includes longitudinal cables laid along the long axis direction of the air film and transverse cables laid obliquely across the longitudinal cables, and the included angle between the transverse cables and the longitudinal cables is 55°-65°. By adopting the specific structure of oblique crossing (55°-65°) of the steel cable net, external forces such as wind load are decomposed and transmitted to the foundation, the wind resistance of the structure is improved, the stress concentration problem that may occur in the square or rectangular grid is avoided, and the overall stability and fatigue resistance of the structure are enhanced.

[0025] PE steel core wire ropes are selected for partitioned layout, and longitudinal and transverse cable net weaving is performed immediately after the film surface is unfolded. Cross-shaped buckles with anti-skid grooves are used for locking at the intersection points, and the cable ends are connected with the foundation pre-buried rings through arch-shaped shackles to form a spatial net-shaped bearing system.

[0026] Specifically, the preset internal pressure nodes in the step S4 include 50 Pa, 70 Pa and 100 Pa. When the internal pressure reaches 50 Pa, personnel enter the net to check the hanging points. When the internal pressure reaches 70 Pa, the misaligned buckles are suspended and the boundary bolts are tightened. When the internal pressure reaches 100 Pa, a comprehensive inspection is performed to ensure the air tightness. By setting the three key internal pressure control nodes of 50 Pa, 70 Pa and 100 Pa, potential defects such as cable net misalignment and loose bolts are eliminated in time at the key deformation stages from relaxation to tension of the structure, and film material tearing or structural instability caused by process out-of-control is avoided.

[0027] Specifically, the combination of heat sealing and mechanical reinforcement is that the edges of adjacent film materials are overlapped by 25 mm in width for high-frequency heat sealing (temperature 130℃±5℃, pressure 0.8MPa), then aluminum clamps are pressed on both sides of the heat sealing seam, and horse bolts are used for hole locking. Through the double sealing and connecting process of heat sealing and mechanical reinforcement, the air tightness and mechanical strength of the film material joint are ensured, which is especially suitable for large-size air film structures that bear large wind pressure and internal pressure.

[0028] Specifically, the buckle is a cross-shaped buckle with an anti-skid groove, which fastens the intersecting steel cable net at a point through upper and lower pressure plates and bolts. By adopting the cross-shaped buckle with an anti-skid groove, the sliding or misalignment of the steel cable net at the intersection node is prevented, and the stability of the geometric shape of the cable net is ensured.

[0029] Specifically, after the inflation reaches the design value, health monitoring is performed, the health monitoring uses a drone to carry an infrared device to scan the film surface, identifies the stress abnormal area and marks it. Through the infrared scanning of the drone in the construction acceptance link, the stress state of the large-scale film surface is quickly, non-contact and fully covered, which can accurately and intuitively locate the local stress concentration area that is difficult to be found by naked eye, so as to be targeted for reinforcement in the follow-up, and the accuracy and efficiency of quality acceptance are improved.

[0030] Specifically, the health monitoring further comprises detecting the sag of the steel cable net using a total station, and the deviation of the steel cable net is not greater than 1 / 1000 of the length of the cable. By quantitatively detecting the sag of the cable net through the total station, it can be accurately verified whether the steel cable net is in a reasonable tension state, thereby providing data support for the entire structure.

[0031] Specifically, the health monitoring further comprises emergency joint testing, the emergency joint testing is performed after the construction is completed, and the emergency joint testing comprises simulating a power failure condition to test whether the standby diesel engine group can restore the internal pressure of the building within 12 seconds and to test the response time of the personnel access control system. Through the joint testing verification step of the emergency system, the response reliability of the standby system and the access control system under extreme conditions (such as power failure) is actively verified, thereby providing substantial safety protection for the whole life cycle operation of the building and improving the safety level of the building.

[0032] Specifically, the step of graded starting is: first starting a small number of fans, then gradually increasing the number of started fans at a set time interval until all the fans are put into work. The way of increasing the number of fans every few minutes until all the fans are started, through the real-time monitoring of the internal pressure change by the differential pressure sensor, the temporary pause points are set at the nodes to adjust the net shape and tighten the bolts, especially to check the buckle misalignment in the semi-stress state, finally to increase the pressure to the design value, and to realize the automatic pressure regulation with wind and snow load. By specifically limiting the graded starting strategy of the fan, the damage to the membrane material and the cable net caused by the pressure impact of a large number of fans starting simultaneously is avoided, so that the membrane structure can smoothly transition to the full stress state.

[0033] Specifically, the specific step of anchoring the boundary of the membrane material to the foundation is: embedding the membrane edge rope into the slot of the L-shaped angle steel, and then connecting the angle steel to the foundation through the pre-buried pressure membrane bolt. By embedding the membrane edge rope into the L-shaped angle steel and tightening it with a bolt, the strong uplift resistance of the membrane material boundary is ensured, and through the transition of the flexible membrane edge rope, the cutting damage of the membrane material itself caused by stress concentration is avoided, thereby ensuring the durability and air tightness of the anchoring.

[0034] Specific operation, I, safety briefing and personnel distribution monitoring control point before filling the membrane, such as fan equipment side need to pay attention to the risk of membrane or net lock suspension equipment during the filling process; Two, using step-by-step, segmented steps to pressurize and inflate, and at the same time, the monitoring personnel inside and outside the air film are in close contact to ensure that the personnel, equipment, and net lock are safe and synchronous during the inflation process, such as after the monitoring personnel are in place, first start 5 pressurized fans, and contact with monitoring personnel in each part, report the current regional monitoring situation and problems during the inflation process, through multi-level communication and multi-directional collaborative work, real-time pressure control of the pressurized fan; Three, when the air film inside and outside is fully inflated to about 80% (i.e. pressure between 80pa-120pa), after careful inspection inside and outside the film, pressurized test according to the design pressure requirement, and contact with monitoring personnel in each part, report the current regional monitoring situation and problems during the inflation process, through multi-level communication and multi-directional collaborative work, real-time pressure control of the pressurized fan; The pressurized fan is on the west side of the air film shed, and the air film shed pressure relief fan is on the east side. Through the setting of key three-stage pause points, the net cable shape is adjusted and the bolts are tightened. The differential pressure sensor feedbacks real-time data to avoid dynamic load impact caused by traditional experience-based inflation.

[0035] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A large scale air supported building construction method, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, pouring a concrete foundation and embedding a cable anchoring ring and a film pressing bolt in the foundation; S2, laying out film materials in zones on the foundation, connecting adjacent film materials by combining heat sealing and mechanical reinforcement, and anchoring the film material boundaries on the foundation; S3, after the film surface is laid out, laying obliquely intersecting steel net cables, locking the steel net cables at the intersection points by buckles, and connecting the ends of the steel net cables to the cable anchoring ring of the foundation by unloading the buckle; S4, supplying air to the closed space by using multiple air blowers in a step-by-step starting manner, pausing inflation at preset internal pressure nodes based on the feedback of a differential pressure sensor, adjusting and checking the steel net cables and the film material boundaries until the internal pressure reaches the design value.

2. The large scale air supported structure construction method of claim 1, wherein, The steel net cable comprises longitudinal cables laid along the long axis of the air film and transverse cables laid obliquely intersecting the longitudinal cables, and the included angle between the transverse cable and the longitudinal cable is 55°-65°.

3. The large scale air supported structure construction method of claim 1, wherein, The preset internal pressure nodes in step S4 include 50 Pa, 70 Pa and 100 Pa; When the internal pressure reaches 50 Pa, personnel enter the building to check the net cable hanging points; When the internal pressure reaches 70 Pa, pause and adjust the misaligned buckles and tighten the boundary bolts; When the internal pressure reaches 100 Pa, perform a comprehensive check.

4. The large scale air supported structure construction method of claim 1, wherein The combination of heat sealing and mechanical reinforcement is that the edges of adjacent film materials are overlapped by 25 mm in width and heat sealed by high frequency, then aluminum clamps are pressed on both sides of the heat sealing seam, and horse bolts are used for perforation locking.

5. The large scale air supported structure construction method of claim 1, wherein, The buckle is a cross buckle with anti-skid grooves, which fastens the intersecting steel net cables at a point by upper and lower pressure plates and bolts.

6. The large scale air supported structure construction method of claim 1, wherein, After the inflation reaches the design value, health monitoring is performed, the health monitoring uses a drone to carry an infrared device to scan the film surface, identifies stress abnormal areas and marks them.

7. The large scale gas film construction method according to claim 6, wherein The health monitoring also includes using a total station to detect the sag of the steel net cable, and the deviation of the steel net cable is not greater than 1 / 1000 of the cable length.

8. The large scale gas film construction method according to claim 6, wherein, The health monitoring also includes an emergency joint test, which is performed after the construction is completed, the emergency joint test includes simulating a power failure condition, testing whether the standby diesel engine group can restore the internal pressure of the building within 12 seconds, and testing the response time of the personnel access control system.

9. The large scale gas film construction method of claim 1, wherein, The step of step-by-step starting is to start a small number of air blowers first, then gradually increase the number of started air blowers at a set time interval until all air blowers are put into work.

10. The method of constructing a large scale air supported structure according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The specific steps of anchoring the boundaries of the film materials on the foundation are that the film edge rope is embedded in the groove of the L-shaped angle steel, and then the angle steel is connected to the foundation by the pre-embedded film pressing bolt.

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