Distributed optical fiber sensing device and system for monitoring micro-deformation of side slope

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed optical fiber sensing device and system for slope micro-deformation monitoring, and belongs to the technical field of slope deformation monitoring. And a monitoring module box. Through cooperative use of a slope deformation monitoring mechanism and a slope comparison data mechanism, accurate monitoring of internal and external difference comparison is realized, deep slippage is effectively identified and environmental interference is eliminated, and an internal and external dual-reference comparison system is constructed by setting an internal first transverse monitoring optical fiber, a second transverse monitoring optical fiber, a vertical monitoring optical fiber and a comparison monitoring optical fiber. When the slope deforms, if the internal optical fiber monitors significant strain and the surface comparison optical fiber data is normal, the system can immediately judge that the deformation occurs in the deep layer in the slope, predict the formation of a potential slip plane and provide earlier and more critical information for early warning, and meanwhile, the data comparison module performs real-time differential processing on the data of the two data, so that the early warning accuracy is improved. The false alarm rate of the system is reduced, and the reliability and accuracy of monitoring data are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope deformation monitoring, in particular to a distributed optical fiber sensing device and system for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope. BACKGROUND

[0002] Slope stability monitoring is a key link in geotechnical engineering, geological disaster prevention and major infrastructure construction. Micro-deformation is a precursor to slope instability and destruction. Precise and real-time monitoring of micro-deformation is a core technical means to achieve early warning and effective prevention of landslides.

[0003] Currently, traditional slope monitoring techniques mainly rely on point sensors such as inclinometers, displacement meters, GPS, etc. Although these techniques are widely used, they have obvious limitations. First, they can only obtain data from discrete points, making it difficult to fully capture the continuous deformation field of the entire slope, especially the potential sliding surface, and there are monitoring blind spots. Second, the installation process is complex, and the density and location of the points are limited by the terrain and cost, making it difficult to achieve large-scale, high spatial resolution monitoring. Finally, point sensors are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, and their long-term stability and durability are challenging.

[0004] In recent years, distributed optical fiber sensing technology, particularly the optical time domain analysis technology based on Brillouin scattering (BOTDA / BOTDR), has brought revolutionary progress to slope monitoring. This technology uses the sensing optical fiber itself as a continuously distributed sensor, which can detect subtle changes in strain and temperature along the optical fiber, enabling continuous measurement over tens of kilometers with a spatial resolution of meters. It has the advantages of full distribution, resistance to electromagnetic interference, corrosion resistance, and long-term stability.

[0005] However, in actual slope engineering applications, existing distributed optical fiber monitoring solutions still have some shortcomings:

[0006] 1. The sensing optical fiber buried in the slope is affected not only by strain but also by environmental factors such as temperature changes and soil compaction. Relying solely on internal fiber data may not effectively distinguish between real structural deformation and environmental noise, leading to false alarms.

[0007] 2. Lack of three-dimensional monitoring network construction: Many existing solutions focus on surface or single-layer horizontal deployment, lacking the ability to monitor internal deep slip and three-dimensional deformation field in a stereoscopic and collaborative manner, making it difficult to accurately locate the spatial position of the slip surface.

[0008] 3. Lack of reference baseline: There is a lack of a stable reference baseline consistent with the internal monitoring network morphology and unaffected by soil deformation, which cannot be effectively compared, thereby reducing the accuracy of micro-deformation identification and quantification. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to realize internal and external difference comparison precision monitoring, effectively identify deep slip and exclude environmental interference, by the cooperation of the slope deformation monitoring mechanism and the slope comparison data mechanism, to build an internal and external double comparison system by setting the internal first transverse monitoring optical fiber, the second transverse monitoring optical fiber, the vertical monitoring optical fiber and the comparison monitoring optical fiber, when the slope deforms, if the internal optical fiber detects significant strain and the surface comparison optical fiber data is normal, the system can immediately judge that the deformation occurs in the internal deep layer of the slope, indicating the formation of the potential slip surface, providing earlier and more critical information for early warning, at the same time, the data comparison module performs real-time difference processing on the data of the two, reducing the false positive rate of the system and improving the reliability and accuracy of the monitoring data, the flexible self-adaptive mechanical structure ensures the long-term stability and reliability of the comparison reference, the comparison monitoring optical fiber set on the surface of the slope is at risk of displacement or damage due to surface soil loosening, human trampling or small rockfall and other unexpected factors, once the accuracy is lost, the entire comparison system will fail, when the protection rod is impacted by external force, the damping rod and the shock-absorbing spring can effectively absorb the impact energy, allowing the sliding block to displace in the sliding groove for buffering, avoiding the optical fiber being directly pulled off, after the external force disappears, the system can tend to reset under the restoring force of the spring, maintaining the continuity of the monitoring reference, ensuring that the overall shape and position of the comparison monitoring optical fiber can still be maximized to maintain consistency with the initial layout of the internal optical fiber after being subjected to frequent minor disturbances, ensuring the long-term effectiveness and reliability of the comparison monitoring optical fiber as a reference, so that the internal and external difference comparison mechanism can continue to function stably.

[0010] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: a distributed optical fiber sensing device for slope micro-deformation monitoring, comprising:

[0011] Slope;

[0012] The monitoring module box is fixedly connected to the top of the slope.

[0013] The slope deformation monitoring mechanism is arranged in the slope, and comprises a shifting part, a first transverse monitoring optical fiber, a second transverse monitoring optical fiber and a vertical monitoring optical fiber, the first transverse monitoring optical fiber is installed and arranged near the top in the slope, and one end of the first transverse monitoring optical fiber is connected to the monitoring module box, the second transverse monitoring optical fiber is installed and arranged near the bottom in the slope, and one end of the second transverse monitoring optical fiber is connected to the monitoring module box, a plurality of branch connection modules are fixedly connected to the first transverse monitoring optical fiber and the second transverse monitoring optical fiber at equal intervals, and the vertical monitoring optical fiber is provided with a plurality of vertical monitoring optical fibers, each vertical monitoring optical fiber is fixedly connected to each branch connection module.

[0014] The slope contrast data mechanism is arranged on the slope, and the slope contrast data mechanism comprises installation components, movable components and contrast monitoring optical fibers, the installation components are provided in multiple groups, the installation components in the multiple groups are arranged on the slope, the movable components are provided in multiple groups, each group of the movable components is arranged on each group of the installation components, the contrast monitoring optical fibers are arranged on the movable components, and one end of the contrast monitoring optical fibers is connected with a monitoring module box.

[0015] Further, the toggle components are support plates, the support plates are provided in multiple groups, the support plates in the multiple groups are equidistantly arranged in the slope, wherein several of the support plates are connected with the first transverse monitoring optical fibers, and the other several support plates are connected with the second transverse monitoring optical fibers.

[0016] Further, each group of the installation components comprises a support assembly, a stabilizing assembly and a sliding block, the support assembly is arranged on the slope, the stabilizing assembly is arranged in the support assembly, and the sliding block is arranged in the support assembly and connected with the stabilizing assembly.

[0017] Further, the support assembly comprises an installation column and a sliding groove, the installation column is fixedly connected in the slope, the sliding groove is formed on one side of the outer surface of the installation column, and the sliding block is movably connected in the sliding groove.

[0018] Further, the stabilizing assembly comprises a damping rod and a shock-absorbing spring, the damping rod is provided in two, the two damping rods are fixedly connected in the installation column, and the two damping rods are connected on both sides of the sliding block, and the shock-absorbing spring is provided in two, each shock-absorbing spring is sleeved on each damping rod.

[0019] Further, the movable component is a protective rod, the protective rod is fixedly connected on the multiple sliding blocks, and the contrast monitoring optical fibers are arranged in the protective rod.

[0020] A distributed optical fiber sensing system for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope, comprising:

[0021] A main control module: used to overall schedule the entire monitoring process and ensure the time sequence of data and the stability of the process;

[0022] A sensing network module: used to convert the physical micro-deformation of the slope into measurable optical signals through the laid optical fibers;

[0023] A data processing module: used to receive the original signals of the sensing network module and restore the strain and displacement engineering physical quantities of the slope after processing;

[0024] A data management module: used to persistently store, classify, integrate and manage the entire life cycle of the massive monitoring data after processing, and ensure the safety and traceability of data assets;

[0025] Application decision module: used for converting underlying data into intuitive graphics, curves and early warning information, and providing decision support for managers through multi-dimensional analysis and threshold judgment;

[0026] The data management module comprises a data storage module and a data comparison module, and the data storage module and the data comparison module are connected in a bidirectional signal manner.

[0027] The output end of the main fiber sensing module in the sensing network module is connected to the input end of the main control module in a bidirectional signal manner.

[0028] Further, the data processing module comprises a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module and a data transmission module, and the data acquisition module, the data preprocessing module and the data transmission module are connected in a bidirectional signal manner.

[0029] Further, the application decision module comprises a communication transmission module, a data visualization module, an intelligent early warning module and a data analysis and report module, and the communication transmission module, the data visualization module, the intelligent early warning module and the data analysis and report module are connected in a bidirectional signal manner.

[0030] Further, the output end of the data transmission module in the data processing module is connected to the input end of the main fiber sensing module in the sensing network module in a bidirectional signal manner, the output end of the data transmission module in the data processing module is connected to the input end of the main control module in a bidirectional signal manner, the output end of the data transmission module in the data processing module is connected to the input end of the data comparison module in the data management module in a bidirectional signal manner, the output end of the data comparison module in the data management module is connected to the input end of the communication transmission module in the application decision module in a bidirectional signal manner, and the output end of the communication transmission module in the application decision module is connected to the input end of the main control module in a bidirectional signal manner.

[0031] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present application has the following advantages:

[0032] (1) In the present application, through the cooperation of the slope deformation monitoring mechanism and the slope comparison data mechanism, the internal and external difference comparison precision monitoring is realized, the deep slip is effectively identified and the environmental interference is excluded, an internal and external double comparison system is constructed by setting the internal first transverse monitoring optical fiber, the second transverse monitoring optical fiber, the vertical monitoring optical fiber and the comparison monitoring optical fiber, when the slope deforms, if the internal optical fiber monitoring detects significant strain and the surface comparison optical fiber data is normal, the system can immediately judge that the deformation occurs in the deep layer of the internal slope, indicating the formation of the potential slip surface, providing earlier and more critical information for early warning, at the same time, the data of the two are real-time difference processed through the data comparison module, the false positive rate of the system is reduced, and the reliability and accuracy of the monitoring data are improved.

[0033] (2) In the present application, the flexible self-adaptive mechanical structure is adopted, the long-term stability and reliability of the comparison reference are ensured, the comparison monitoring optical fiber arranged on the surface of the slope faces the risk of displacement or damage caused by surface soil loosening, human trampling or small rockfall and other unexpected factors, once the error occurs, the whole comparison system will be invalid, when the protection rod is impacted by external force, the damping rod and the damping spring can effectively absorb the impact energy, allow the sliding block to displace in the sliding groove for buffering, avoid the optical fiber being directly pulled off, after the external force disappears, the system can tend to reset under the action of the spring restoring force, the continuity of the monitoring reference is maintained, the comparison monitoring optical fiber can maintain the consistency with the initial arrangement of the internal optical fiber to the maximum extent after being subjected to frequent small disturbances, the long-term effectiveness and reliability of the comparison monitoring optical fiber as a reference are ensured, and the internal and external difference comparison mechanism can continuously and stably work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a part perspective view of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a perspective view of the slope comparison data mechanism of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the slope comparison data mechanism of the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a perspective view of the slope deformation monitoring mechanism of the present application;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a system diagram of the present application;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the sensing network module of the present application;

[0041] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a data processing module of the present application;

[0042] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a data management module of the present application;

[0043] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an application decision module of the present application.

[0044] In the figure: 1, slope; 2, monitoring module box; 3, first transverse monitoring optical fiber; 4, damping rod; 5, mounting column; 6, shock-absorbing spring; 7, branch connecting module; 8, support plate; 9, protection rod; 10, sliding groove; 11, vertical monitoring optical fiber; 12, sliding block; 13, contrast monitoring optical fiber; 14, second transverse monitoring optical fiber; 15, main control module; 16, sensing network module; 17, data processing module; 18, data management module; 19, application decision module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0046] Example one, with reference to Figures 1-10 A distributed optical fiber sensing device for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope, comprising:

[0047] a slope 1;

[0048] a monitoring module box 2 fixedly connected to the top of the slope 1;

[0049] a slope deformation monitoring mechanism arranged in the slope 1, the slope deformation monitoring mechanism comprising a toggle member, a first transverse monitoring optical fiber 3, a second transverse monitoring optical fiber 14 and a vertical monitoring optical fiber 11, the first transverse monitoring optical fiber 3 being installed and arranged near the top in the slope 1 and having one end connected to the monitoring module box 2, the second transverse monitoring optical fiber 14 being installed and arranged near the bottom in the slope 1 and having one end connected to the monitoring module box 2, a plurality of branch connecting modules 7 being fixedly connected to the first transverse monitoring optical fiber 3 and the second transverse monitoring optical fiber 14 at equal intervals, and the vertical monitoring optical fiber 11 being provided with a plurality of vertical monitoring optical fibers 11, each vertical monitoring optical fiber 11 being fixedly connected to each branch connecting module 7; and

[0050] The slope contrast data mechanism is arranged on the slope 1, and comprises installation components, movable components and a contrast monitoring optical fiber 13. The installation components are provided in multiple groups, each group of the installation components is arranged on the slope 1, each group of the movable components is arranged on each group of the installation components, and the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 is arranged on the movable components and connected with the monitoring module box 2 at one end.

[0051] In the embodiment, the overall structure of the monitoring module box 2 is applied in the prior art, and thus is not described in detail. The fiber data of the slope deformation monitoring mechanism and the slope contrast data mechanism can be processed by the hardware and software arranged in the monitoring module box 2 to complete monitoring of the micro-deformation of the slope. The monitoring module box 2 is provided with a power supply component and a lightning protection and grounding component. The power supply component is a commercial power supply and a solar power supply system, so that the whole is applicable to a field site without commercial power supply. The lightning protection and grounding component protects expensive electronic equipment from lightning and surge damage. The first and second lateral monitoring optical fibers 3 and 14 are arranged in an “S” shape at different positions in the slope, so that the whole slope can be accurately monitored. The lateral monitoring optical fibers can be adjusted according to the area and structure of the slope to ensure the flexibility of monitoring. The vertical monitoring optical fiber 11 can be deeply arranged in the slope to monitor the structure inside the slope, so that the monitoring is more comprehensive. The contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 is arranged at the top of the slope. When installed, the shape of the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 is consistent with that of the first and second lateral monitoring optical fibers 3 and 14. Data comparison is performed between the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 and the first and second lateral monitoring optical fibers 3 and 14 to avoid false detection. Meanwhile, the data of the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 can be adjusted after the deformation of the slope to complete the practical application.

[0052] Specifically, the actuating component is a support plate 8. A plurality of support plates 8 are arranged in the slope 1 at equal intervals. Some of the support plates 8 are connected with the first lateral monitoring optical fiber 3, and the other support plates 8 are connected with the second lateral monitoring optical fiber 14.

[0053] In the embodiment, the support plates 8 are inserted into the slope to increase the contact area of the optical fiber with the slope. When the slope deforms, the support plates 8 move with the slope to actuate the optical fiber and realize monitoring.

[0054] Specifically, each group of the installation components comprises a support assembly, a stabilizing assembly and a sliding block 12. The support assembly is arranged on the slope 1, the stabilizing assembly is arranged in the support assembly, and the sliding block 12 is arranged in the support assembly and connected with the stabilizing assembly.

[0055] In the embodiment, the sliding block 12 can control the position of the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 to avoid affecting the effect in use.

[0056] Specifically, the support assembly includes a mounting column 5 fixedly connected in the slope 1 and a sliding groove 10 provided on one side of the outer surface of the mounting column 5, and a sliding block 12 movably connected in the sliding groove 10.

[0057] In this embodiment, the mounting column 5 extends into the slope and is kept stable for use through the sliding groove 10.

[0058] Specifically, the stabilizing assembly includes two damping rods 4 fixedly connected in the mounting column 5 and connected to the two sides of the sliding block 12, and two shock-absorbing springs 6 each sleeved on each damping rod 4.

[0059] In this embodiment, the damping rods 4 can be selected from the existing ones on the market according to the needs, and the damping rods 4 absorb the elastic force of the shock-absorbing springs 6 to ensure the stability of the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13.

[0060] Specifically, the movable component is a protection rod 9 fixedly connected to the plurality of sliding blocks 12, and the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 is installed in the protection rod 9.

[0061] In this embodiment, the protection rod 9 is used for the installation of the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 to ensure the overall use.

[0062] A distributed optical fiber sensing system for monitoring the micro-deformation of a slope includes:

[0063] The main control module 15 is used to coordinate and schedule the entire monitoring process and ensure the time sequence of the data and the stability of the process.

[0064] The sensing network module 16 is used to convert the physical micro-deformation of the slope into a measurable optical signal through the laid optical fiber.

[0065] The data processing module 17 is used to receive the original signal of the sensing network module 16 and restore it to the strain and displacement engineering physical quantities of the slope after processing.

[0066] The data management module 18 is used to store, classify, integrate, and manage the entire life cycle of the massive monitoring data after processing, and ensure the safety and traceability of the data assets.

[0067] The application decision module 19 is used to convert the underlying data into intuitive graphics, curves, and warning information, and provide decision support for managers through multi-dimensional analysis and threshold judgment.

[0068] The data management module 18 comprises a data storage module and a data comparison module, and the data storage module and the data comparison module are in bidirectional signal connection; the sensing network module 16 comprises a backbone optical fiber sensing module and a comparison optical fiber sensing module, and the backbone optical fiber sensing module and the comparison optical fiber sensing module are in bidirectional signal connection;

[0069] The output end of the backbone optical fiber sensing module in the sensing network module 16 is in bidirectional signal connection with the input end of the main control module 15.

[0070] The backbone optical fiber sensing module is the first transverse monitoring optical fiber 3, the second transverse monitoring optical fiber 14 and the vertical monitoring optical fiber 11; the comparison optical fiber sensing module is the comparison monitoring optical fiber 13.

[0071] Specifically, the data processing module 17 comprises a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module and a data transmission module, and the data acquisition module, the data preprocessing module and the data transmission module are in bidirectional signal connection.

[0072] The acquisition module receives the original digital signal from the demodulator.

[0073] Specifically, the application decision module 19 comprises a communication transmission module, a data visualization module, an intelligent early warning module and a data analysis and reporting module, and the communication transmission module, the data visualization module, the intelligent early warning module and the data analysis and reporting module are in bidirectional signal connection.

[0074] The data visualization module comprises GIS map integration, i.e. displaying the monitoring points and the overall state on the electronic map, strain / displacement cloud map, i.e. covering the distributed strain data on the slope model in the form of color cloud map to intuitively display the deformation distribution, and curve trend chart, i.e. showing the change trend of strain, displacement and temperature of the key points with time.

[0075] The intelligent early warning module is internally provided with a multi-level alarm mechanism, supports multiple rules, such as single-point data exceeding threshold, change rate exceeding limit, cumulative deformation exceeding limit, linkage alarm, and at the same time, can notify the relevant personnel through the platform interface, short message, email, App push and the like.

[0076] Specifically, the output end of the data transmission module in the data processing module 17 is in bidirectional signal connection with the input end of the backbone optical fiber sensing module in the sensing network module 16, the output end of the data transmission module in the data processing module 17 is in bidirectional signal connection with the input end of the main control module 15, the output end of the data transmission module in the data processing module 17 is in bidirectional signal connection with the input end of the data comparison module in the data management module 18, the output end of the data comparison module in the data management module 18 is in bidirectional signal connection with the input end of the communication transmission module in the application decision module 19, and the output end of the communication transmission module in the application decision module 19 is in bidirectional signal connection with the input end of the main control module 15.

[0077] In use, according to the monitoring position, the layout spacing and depth of the support plate 8 and the mounting column 5 are determined, the first transverse monitoring optical fiber 3, the second transverse monitoring optical fiber 14, the vertical monitoring optical fiber 11 and the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 are laid, the vertical monitoring optical fiber 11 is vertically or obliquely implanted in a deeper part through the branch connection module 7, a three-dimensional monitoring network is formed, the ends of all the optical fibers are finally led to the monitoring module box 2 on the slope top, the protection rod 9 with the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 is placed in the sliding groove 10 through the sliding block 12, initial stability is provided through the damping rod 4 and the damping spring 6, the initial shape of the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 is ensured to be consistent with the internal first transverse monitoring optical fiber 3 and the second transverse monitoring optical fiber 14, after the device is stable, a comprehensive initial data acquisition is carried out, the main control module 15 overall plans the sensing network module 16, the initial optical signals of the main trunk optical fiber sensing module and the contrast optical fiber sensing module are collected at the same time, the data acquisition module of the data processing module 17 receives the original signals, after being processed by the data preprocessing module, the strain reference distribution diagram of the slope in the initial stable state is solved, in the data management module 18, the reference data is stored in the data storage, in the intelligent early warning module of the application decision module 19, a plurality of alarm threshold values are set, the main control module 15 schedules the sensing network module 16 to collect data according to the preset time interval, the original data collected is processed in real time by the data processing module 17, and is restored to the strain / displacement physical quantity, the processed main trunk optical fiber sensing module and contrast optical fiber sensing module data are sent to the data management module 18 together, the real-time data is compared and analyzed with the historical reference data by the data comparison module, false information is identified and excluded, when the internal optical fiber data is abnormal and the surface optical fiber data is normal, the system is marked, the intelligent early warning module of the application decision module 19 continuously analyzes the results from the data comparison module, once the monitoring data reaches the preset threshold value, the system triggers an alarm of the corresponding level, the alarm information is automatically sent to the preset management personnel in the form of platform interface highlighting, short message, email and the like through the communication transmission module, the management personnel views the deformation position, severity and development history through the data visualization module, judges the slope stability, and makes decisions such as inspection, reinforcement or evacuation, whether the protection rod 9 on the surface of the slope and the contrast monitoring optical fiber 13 are displaced due to human factors needs to be checked regularly during use, so as to ensure the accuracy of the reference value, the data management module 18 continuously stores and backs up a large amount of monitoring data, and the data analysis and report module automatically generates a monitoring report regularly, which is used for long-term trend analysis and project archiving.

[0078] The control mode of the present application is controlled by manually starting and closing the switch, and the wiring diagram of the power element and the provision of the power source are known in the art, and the present application is mainly used for protecting mechanical devices, so the control mode and wiring arrangement will not be explained in detail.

[0079] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A distributed fiber sensing device for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope, characterized in that, Include: Ramp (1); Monitoring module box (2), the monitoring module box (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the slope (1); Slope deformation monitoring mechanism, provided in the slope (1), the slope deformation monitoring mechanism comprises a poking component, a first transverse monitoring optical fiber (3), a second transverse monitoring optical fiber (14) and a vertical monitoring optical fiber (11), the first transverse monitoring optical fiber (3) is installed in the slope (1) near the top, and one end of the first transverse monitoring optical fiber (3) is connected in the monitoring module box (2), the second transverse monitoring optical fiber (14) is installed in the slope (1) near the bottom, and one end of the second transverse monitoring optical fiber (14) is connected in the monitoring module box (2), a plurality of branch connecting modules (7) are fixedly connected on the first transverse monitoring optical fiber (3), the second transverse monitoring optical fiber (14), and the vertical monitoring optical fiber (11) is provided with a plurality of each, each vertical monitoring optical fiber (11) is fixedly connected on each branch connecting module (7); And Slope contrast data mechanism, provided on the slope (1), the slope contrast data mechanism comprises a mounting component, a movable component and a contrast monitoring optical fiber (13), the mounting component is provided with a plurality of groups, a plurality of groups of the mounting component are provided on the slope (1), the movable component is provided with a plurality of groups, each group of the movable component is provided on each group of the mounting component, the contrast monitoring optical fiber (13) is installed on the movable component, and one end of the contrast monitoring optical fiber (13) is connected with the monitoring module box (2).

2. The distributed optical fiber sensing device for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope according to claim 1, wherein: The poking component is a support plate (8), the support plate (8) is provided with a plurality of, a plurality of support plates (8) are equidistantly installed in the slope (1), wherein several support plates (8) are connected with the first transverse monitoring optical fiber (3), and the other several support plates (8) are connected with the second transverse monitoring optical fiber (14).

3. The distributed optical fiber sensing device for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope according to claim 1, wherein: Each group of the mounting component comprises a support assembly, a stabilizing assembly and a sliding block (12), the support assembly is provided on the slope (1), the stabilizing assembly is provided in the support assembly, the sliding block (12) is provided in the support assembly, and the sliding block (12) is connected with the stabilizing assembly.

4. The distributed optical fiber sensing device for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope according to claim 1, wherein: The support assembly comprises a mounting column (5) and a sliding groove (10), the mounting column (5) is fixedly connected in the slope (1), the sliding groove (10) is opened on one side of the outer surface of the mounting column (5), and the sliding block (12) is movably connected in the sliding groove (10).

5. The distributed optical fiber sensing device for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope according to claim 1, wherein: The stabilizing assembly comprises a damping rod (4) and a shock absorbing spring (6), the damping rod (4) is provided with two, two damping rods (4) are fixedly connected in the mounting column (5), and two damping rods (4) are connected on both sides of the sliding block (12), the shock absorbing spring (6) is provided with two, each shock absorbing spring (6) is sleeved on each damping rod (4).

6. The distributed optical fiber sensing device for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope according to claim 1, wherein: The movable component is a protection rod (9), the protection rod (9) is fixedly connected on a plurality of sliding blocks (12), and the contrast monitoring optical fiber (13) is installed in the protection rod (9).

7. A distributed optical fiber sensing system for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope, characterized in that, A distributed optical fiber sensing device for monitoring the micro-deformation of a slope is used according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising: The main control module (15) is used to overall arrange and schedule the whole monitoring process and ensure the time sequence of data and the stability of the process. The sensing network module (16) is used to convert the physical micro-deformation of the slope into measurable optical signals through the laid optical fibers. The data processing module (17) is used to receive the original signals of the sensing network module (16) and restore the strain and displacement engineering physical quantities of the slope after processing. The data management module (18) is used to store, classify, integrate and manage the processed massive monitoring data in the whole life cycle, so as to ensure the safety and traceability of the data assets. The application decision module (19) is used to convert the underlying data into intuitive graphics, curves and warning information, and provide decision support for the management personnel through multi-dimensional analysis and threshold judgment. The data management module (18) includes a data storage module and a data comparison module, and the data storage module and the data comparison module are bidirectionally connected in signal. The output end of the main fiber sensing module in the sensing network module (16) is bidirectionally connected in signal to the input end of the main control module (15).

8. The distributed optical fiber sensing system for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data processing module (17) includes a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module and a data transmission module, and the data acquisition module, the data preprocessing module and the data transmission module are bidirectionally connected in signal.

9. The distributed optical fiber sensing system for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The application decision module (19) includes a communication transmission module, a data visualization module, an intelligent warning module and a data analysis and report module, and the communication transmission module, the data visualization module, the intelligent warning module and the data analysis and report module are bidirectionally connected in signal.

10. The distributed optical fiber sensing system for monitoring micro-deformation of a slope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The output end of the data transmission module in the data processing module (17) is bidirectionally connected in signal to the input end of the main fiber sensing module in the sensing network module (16), the output end of the data transmission module in the data processing module (17) is bidirectionally connected in signal to the input end of the main control module (15), the output end of the data transmission module in the data processing module (17) is bidirectionally connected in signal to the input end of the data comparison module in the data management module (18), the output end of the data comparison module in the data management module (18) is bidirectionally connected in signal to the input end of the communication transmission module in the application decision module (19), and the output end of the communication transmission module in the application decision module (19) is bidirectionally connected in signal to the input end of the main control module (15).

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