A method and device for in-situ detection of cable / rod forces

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cable / rod force in-situ detection method, comprising the following steps: S1: adjustable stroke or adjustable stroke and monitoring internal force counterforce support are installed outside the anchoring section of the cable / rod being carried;S2: slowly adjust the stroke of counterforce support in the direction of cable / rod by applying power, to make counterforce support gradually bear load;S3: after counterforce support bears load, continue to slowly adjust the stroke of counterforce support by applying power, and real-time acquisition of the resultant force of counterforce support;S4: according to the mechanical equilibrium relationship of cable / rod axial force, anchoring section stress and the resultant force of counterforce support, the force value of the gentle transition section in the relationship curve between the resultant force of counterforce support and time is obtained, that is, the actual stress of cable / rod under current state.The application can realize in-situ detection of cable / rod without unloading force, and the detection is more convenient, and the detection efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of bridge, building, wind power, and hydropower engineering. Specifically, it relates to a method and device for in-situ detection of cable / rod force. Background Technology

[0002] Cables / rods are key force-transmitting components in structures. For example, large building roof structures are anchored by cables / rods. Due to material degradation, limitations in construction techniques, and overload operation, cables / rods inevitably have some defects. To accurately assess the safety of cable structures, obtaining precise anchoring forces is crucial.

[0003] Cables / rods are tension members subjected to long-term loads. Once installed, it is very difficult to detect the tension (cable force). Traditional methods usually require unloading the cable / rod and installing sensors and monitoring systems for detection. This method cannot achieve in-situ detection, is cumbersome, and has low detection efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for in-situ detection of cable / rod force, which can realize in-situ detection of cable / rod force without unloading the cable / rod, making the detection more convenient and efficient.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solution: A method for in-situ detection of cable / rod force includes the following steps: S1: Install a reaction support that can adjust the stroke or adjust the stroke and monitor the internal force on the outside of the anchorage section of the cable / rod; S2: Apply power to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support along the cable / rod direction, so that the reaction support gradually bears the load; S3: After the reaction support bears the load, continue to apply power to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support, and collect the resultant force of the reaction support in real time; S4: Based on the mechanical equilibrium relationship between the axial force of the cable / rod, the force on the anchorage section, and the resultant force of the reaction support, obtain the force value of the smooth transition section in the curve of the resultant force of the reaction support versus time, which is the actual force on the cable / rod under the current state.

[0006] In this solution, when it is necessary to test the stress on the cable / rod under load, a reaction support is first installed on the outside of the anchorage section of the cable / rod. The anchorage section is an existing technology for connecting the cable / rod to the building, and it bears tensile force. After the reaction support is installed, its initial state is zero stress. The reaction support can monitor the reaction force and adjust its own travel along the cable / rod axis. The tensile force on the cable / rod is along its axis. Initially, the reaction support does not bear any load along the cable / rod axis. Then, by applying power to the reaction support, its travel along the cable / rod axis is changed. As the power increases, the reaction support gradually begins to bear the load, and the anchorage... As the tension on the anchorage gradually decreases, the resultant force of the reaction support along the cable / rod axis is collected in real time as the dynamic force continuously increases. The force value of the resultant force along the cable / rod axis and time curve is obtained at the smooth transition section. The smooth transition section refers to the time period when the resultant force remains unchanged or relatively stable. At this time, the tension on the anchorage section is zero, and the tension load of the cable / rod is exactly applied to the reaction support. The resultant force at this time is the actual force on the cable / rod, realizing the detection of the cable / rod force. The whole process is carried out in the state of cable / rod force, without the need for unloading the cable / rod first, realizing in-situ detection of cable / rod force. The detection process is simple and has high detection efficiency.

[0007] Optionally, the reaction support includes a reaction frame and a measurement and control device connected in series at the end of the reaction frame. The reaction frame and / or the measurement and control device can adjust the stroke or adjust the stroke and monitor the internal force. Power is applied to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support, causing the reaction support to gradually bear the load. After the reaction support bears the load, power is continued to be applied to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support along the cable / rod axis. The resultant force of the reaction support along the cable / rod axis is collected in real time. According to the curve of the resultant force versus time, the force value when the resultant force is constant within a time period is obtained. The actual force on the cable / rod is obtained from the mechanical principles and equilibrium relationship as the resultant force value within that time period.

[0008] Optionally, the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the sum of the force on the reaction support and the tension on the anchorage section; when the reaction support is initially installed, the force is zero, and the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the tension on the anchorage section; after the stroke of the reaction support increases and it bears load until the monitored resultant force remains unchanged or relatively stable, the force on the anchorage section is zero, and the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the force on the reaction support; after the stroke of the reaction support continues to increase, the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the difference between the force on the reaction support and the pressure on the anchorage section.

[0009] Optionally, the reaction frame consists of a first reaction plate, a second reaction plate, and screws. The first reaction plate is first installed on one side of the anchoring section, and then the second reaction plate is installed on the other side of the anchoring section. The first reaction plate is sleeved on the cable / rod, and the first reaction plate and the second reaction plate are connected by two screws. The measurement and control device is connected in series on the screw on the outside of the first reaction plate.

[0010] Optionally, a first locking nut located outside the measuring and control device is installed on the screw. The first locking nut restricts the displacement of one side of the measuring and control device. Second locking nuts located on both sides of the second reaction plate are installed on the screw. Power is applied to the measuring and control device to change its stroke along the cable / rod axis. The measuring and control device acts on the first reaction plate in the opposite direction of the force on the cable / rod and begins to gradually bear force until the resultant force collected by the measuring and control device remains constant within a certain period of time, at which point the application of power is stopped.

[0011] A cable / rod force in-situ detection device includes a reaction support installed on the outside of the cable anchorage section. The reaction support includes a reaction frame and a measuring and control device connected in series at the end of the reaction frame, which can adjust the stroke or adjust the stroke and monitor the internal force. The measuring and control device is a hydraulic basin structure, a wedge block structure, or a jack. After the stroke of the measuring and control device changes along the cable / rod axis, it acts on the reaction frame in the opposite direction of the cable / rod force to gradually bear the load.

[0012] Optionally, the cable / rod is a sling, and the anchoring section includes a cable head, a connecting screw, and an ear plate. One end of the cable head is connected to the sling, and the other end is threaded to the connecting screw. The end of the connecting screw away from the sling is threaded to the ear plate, and the end of the ear plate away from the sling is connected to the building. The reaction frame includes a first reaction plate, a second reaction plate, and a screw. The first reaction plate is sleeved on the sling and located outside the cable head. The second reaction plate is located at the outer end of the ear plate. The screw passes through the first reaction plate and the second reaction plate. One end of the screw is provided with a first locking nut located outside the first reaction plate, and the other end is provided with two second locking nuts located on both sides of the second reaction plate. The measurement and control device is connected in series between the first locking nut and the first reaction plate.

[0013] Optionally, the measurement and control device includes a first top plate and a first bottom plate sleeved on the sling. The first top plate and the first bottom plate form an annular basin. A suitable force-measuring elastomer is provided in the basin. A first pressure sensor is provided on the side wall of the basin. The working end of the first pressure sensor passes through the side wall of the basin and contacts the side wall of the force-measuring elastomer. A guide plate is provided on the side of the force-measuring elastomer adjacent to the first reaction plate. A hydraulic chamber is formed between the guide plate and the inner wall of the basin. An oil injection channel connected to the hydraulic chamber is provided on the side wall of the basin. A sealing bolt is provided at the inlet end of the oil injection channel.

[0014] Optionally, the measurement and control device includes a second top plate and a second bottom plate sleeved on the sling. An adjustment cavity is formed between the second top plate and the second bottom plate. Two adjustment blocks are symmetrically distributed in the adjustment cavity about the axis of the sling. The adjustment blocks are in inclined contact with the side wall of the second top plate and in straight contact with the side wall of the second bottom plate.

[0015] Optionally, the first reaction plate is composed of two symmetrical semicircular plates, with a semicircular hole in the middle of the straight edge of each semicircular plate. When the two semicircular plates are joined together, the two semicircular holes form a circular hole, and the sling is located inside the circular hole. The two semicircular plates are locked together by anchor bolts. The second reaction plate is composed of two symmetrical rectangular plates. When the two rectangular plates are joined together, they are clamped to the outer end of the ear plate and locked together by anchor bolts.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In existing technologies, when a cable / rod is under stress, if the tension is to be detected, the cable / rod needs to be unloaded first, and then sensors and monitoring systems need to be installed for detection. The unloading operation is cumbersome, resulting in low efficiency of stress detection.

[0017] In this invention, when it is necessary to test the stress on a cable / rod under load, a reaction support is first installed on the outside of the anchorage section of the cable / rod. The anchorage section is a prior art connection between the cable / rod and the building, and it bears tensile force. After the reaction support is installed, its initial state is zero. The reaction support can monitor the reaction force and adjust its own travel along the cable / rod axis. The tensile force on the cable / rod is along its axis. Initially, the reaction support does not bear load in the cable / rod axis direction. Then, by applying power to the reaction support, its travel along the cable / rod axis direction is changed. As the power increases, the reaction support gradually begins to bear the load, and the anchorage section... As the tension gradually decreases, the resultant force of the reaction support along the cable / rod axis is collected in real time as the power continuously increases. The force value of the resultant force along the cable / rod axis and time curve is obtained at the smooth transition section. The smooth transition section refers to the time period when the resultant force remains unchanged or relatively stable. At this time, the tension on the anchoring section is zero, and the tension load of the cable / rod is exactly applied to the reaction support. At this time, the resultant force is the actual force on the cable / rod, realizing the detection of the cable / rod force. The whole process is carried out in the state of cable / rod force, without the need for unloading the cable / rod first, realizing in-situ detection of cable / rod force. The detection process is simple and has high detection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the reaction frame, measurement and control device, and slings after assembly. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The right view; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The left view; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the two semicircular plates after they are joined together. Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a measurement and control device; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 8 This is another structural diagram of the measurement and control device; Figure 9 The graph shows the resultant force versus time. Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the measurement and control device when a jack is used.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1-Sling, 2-Anchoring section, 201-Sling head, 202-Connecting screw, 203-Ear plate, 3-Measurement and control device, 4-First reaction plate, 401-Semicircular plate, 402-Semicircular hole, 403-Circular hole, 5-Second reaction plate, 501-Rectangular plate, 6-Screw, 7-First locking nut, 8-Second locking nut, 9-Anchoring bolt, 10-First pressure sensor, 11-Sealing bolt, 12-First top plate, 13-First bottom plate, 14-Force measuring elastic body, 15-Guide plate, 16-Hydraulic chamber, 17-Basin cavity, 18-Second top plate, 19-Second bottom plate, 20-Adjusting block, 21-Second pressure sensor, 22-Jack. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "longitudinal," "lateral," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "have," "install," "connect," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Example

[0023] A method for in-situ detection of cable / rod force includes the following steps: S1: Install an adjustable travel or a reaction force support that adjusts the travel and monitors the internal force on the outside of the anchorage section 2 of the cable / rod. S2: Apply power to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support along the cable / rod direction, so that the reaction support gradually bears the load; S3: After the reaction support bears the load, continue to apply power to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support, and collect the resultant force of the reaction support in real time; S4: Based on the mechanical equilibrium relationship between the axial force of the cable / rod, the force on the anchorage section 2, and the resultant force of the reaction support, obtain the force value of the smooth transition section in the curve of the resultant force of the reaction support versus time, which is the actual force on the cable / rod under the current state.

[0024] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to test the stress on the cable / rod under load, a reaction support is first installed on the outside of the anchorage section 2 of the cable / rod. The anchorage section 2 is a prior art connection between the cable / rod and the building. The anchorage section 2 bears tensile force. After the reaction support is installed, its initial state is zero. The reaction support can monitor the reaction force and adjust its own travel along the cable / rod axis. The tensile force on the cable / rod is along the cable / rod axis. Initially, the reaction support does not bear load in the cable / rod axis direction. Then, by applying power to the reaction support, its travel along the cable / rod axis direction is changed. As the power increases, the reaction support gradually begins to bear the load. As the tension on section 2 gradually decreases, the resultant force of the reaction support along the cable / rod axis is collected in real time as the power continuously increases. The force value of the resultant force along the cable / rod axis and time curve is obtained at the smooth transition section. The smooth transition section refers to the time period when the resultant force remains unchanged or relatively stable. At this time, the tension on anchor section 2 is zero, and the tension load of the cable / rod is just fully applied to the reaction support. At this time, the resultant force is the actual force on the cable / rod, realizing the detection of the cable / rod force. The whole process is carried out in the state of cable / rod force, without the need for unloading the cable / rod first, realizing in-situ detection of cable / rod force. The detection process is simple and has high detection efficiency.

[0025] Furthermore, the reaction support includes a reaction frame and a measurement and control device 3 connected in series at the end of the reaction frame. The reaction frame and / or the measurement and control device 3 can adjust the stroke or adjust the stroke and monitor the internal force. Power is applied to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support, so that the reaction support gradually bears the load. After the reaction support bears the load, power is continued to be applied to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support along the cable / rod axis. The resultant force of the reaction support along the cable / rod axis is collected in real time. According to the curve of the resultant force versus time, the force value when the resultant force is constant within a time period is obtained. The actual force on the cable / rod is obtained from the mechanical principles and equilibrium relationship as the resultant force value within that time period.

[0026] In this embodiment, as Figure 1and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the cable / rod is a sling 1. The sling 1 bears tension, and the direction of the tension is along the axis of the sling 1. When it is necessary to test the stress of the sling 1 under load, a reaction frame is first installed on the outside of the anchoring section 2 of the sling 1. The anchoring section 2 is a prior art for connecting the sling 1 to the building. The anchoring section 2 includes a cable head 201, a connecting screw 202, and an ear plate 203. One end of the cable head 201 is fixedly connected to the sling 1, and the other end is threaded to the left end of the connecting screw 202. The right end of the connecting screw 202 is threaded to the ear plate 203. The right end of the ear plate 203 can be connected to the building or to another section of the sling 1. The left end of the reaction frame is located outside the cable head 201 and is attached to the end of the cable head 201. The left end of the reaction frame is sleeved on the sling 1. The right end of the reaction frame is connected and fixed to the right end of the ear plate 203. The measuring and control device 3 is connected in series to the left end of the reaction frame. Under the action of external force, the left end of the reaction frame can generate a tendency to move relative to the sling 1. The measuring and control device 3 adopts a hydraulic basin 17 structure, or a wedge block, or a jack. That is, the height of the measuring and control device 3 can be adjusted by injecting hydraulic oil, or by the relative movement of the wedge block. Figure 10 The height can be adjusted either as shown or directly through a jack. The measuring and control device 3 can monitor the force and adjust its own height.

[0027] Initially, anchorage section 2 fully bears the tension of sling 1, and the reaction frame experiences zero force. The tension in anchorage section 2 is equal to the tension in sling 1, and this tension is along the axis of sling 1. Initially, the control device 3 does not bear any load along the axis of sling 1. Then, by applying power to the control device 3, its travel along the axis of sling 1 (i.e., its height along the axis of sling 1) is changed. As the power increases, the travel of the control device 3 along the axis of sling 1 gradually increases and begins to push against the reaction frame. The reaction frame transmits the pushing force of the control device 3 to the cable head 201 of anchorage section 2. As the control device 3 gradually begins to bear the load, the tension in anchorage section 2 gradually decreases. The control device 3 then... The system collects the resultant force along the axis of sling 1 as the power increases. During this process, it obtains the force value of the smooth transition segment in the time curve of the resultant force along the cable / rod axis of the reaction frame. The smooth transition segment refers to the time period when the resultant force remains unchanged or relatively stable. This time period is relatively short. At this time, the tension on the anchoring segment 2 is zero, and the tension of sling 1 acts entirely on the reaction frame. The tension of sling 1 is equal to the force on the reaction frame. At this time, the resultant force detected by the measurement and control device 3 is the tension on sling 1, realizing the detection of the force on sling 1. The whole process is carried out in the state of sling 1 under stress, without the need for unloading sling 1 first, realizing in-situ detection of the force on sling 1. The detection process is simple and has high detection efficiency.

[0028] Furthermore, the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the sum of the force on the reaction support and the tension on the anchorage section 2; when the reaction support is initially installed, the force is zero, and the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the tension on the anchorage section 2; after the stroke of the reaction support increases and it bears the load until the monitored resultant force remains unchanged or relatively stable, the force on the anchorage section 2 is zero, and the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the force on the reaction support; after the stroke of the reaction support continues to increase, the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the difference between the force on the reaction support and the pressure on the anchorage section 2.

[0029] Specifically, when the measurement and control device 3 begins to be subjected to force, the data of resultant force versus time are collected in real time, and a curve showing the relationship between resultant force and time is obtained. This curve is divided into three stages: Phase 1: The tension on sling 1 is equal to the sum of the forces on the reaction frame and the tension on the anchorage section 2. Initially, the forces on the reaction frame are zero, and the tension on sling 1 is equal to the tension on the anchorage section 2.

[0030] After the power is applied, as the travel of the measuring and control device 3 in the axial direction of the sling 1 increases, a pushing force is generated on the reaction frame. This pushing force is transmitted to the cable head 201 and the connecting screw 202 of the anchoring section 2. As the travel of the measuring and control device 3 gradually increases, the reaction frame intervenes in the force system of the anchoring section 2, and the tension on the connecting screw 202 gradually decreases. The resultant force detected by the measuring and control device 3 in this stage is the sum of the tension on the connecting screw 202 and the force on the reaction frame. The resultant force and time in this stage are in an upward slope segment.

[0031] Second stage: The power continues to increase until the thread clearance between the connecting screw 202 and the cable head 201 and ear plate 203 changes from the right to the left. During this stage, the connecting screw 202 gradually transitions from a tensile state to a compressive state, and the resultant force and time are in a linear and gradual transition period (e.g., Figure 9 (As shown in the smooth section), when the tension on the connecting screw 202 becomes zero, the reaction frame fully bears the tension of the sling 1, and the resultant force detected by the measuring and control device 3 is the force on the reaction frame, which is the tension on the sling 1.

[0032] Third stage: Power continues to be applied, the stroke of the measuring and control device 3 continues to increase, and the load measured by the measuring and control device 3 also gradually increases. At this time, the connecting screw 202 begins to be compressed. The load measured by the measuring and control device 3 in this stage is the difference between the pressure on the connecting screw 202 and the force on the reaction frame. Moreover, the pressure on the connecting screw 202 continues to increase, and the curve is another rising sloping line segment.

[0033] Furthermore, the reaction frame consists of a first reaction plate 4, a second reaction plate 5, and a screw 6. First, the first reaction plate 4 is installed to one side of the anchoring section 2, and then the second reaction plate 5 is installed to the other side of the anchoring section 2. The first reaction plate 4 is sleeved on the sling 1, and then the first reaction plate 4 and the second reaction plate 5 are connected by two screws 6. The measurement and control device 3 is connected in series to the screw 6 on the outside of the first reaction plate 4.

[0034] Furthermore, a first locking nut 7 located outside the measuring and control device 3 is installed on the screw 6. The first locking nut 7 restricts the displacement of one side of the measuring and control device 3. A second locking nut 8 located on both sides of the second reaction plate 5 is installed on the screw 6. Power is applied to the measuring and control device 3 to change its stroke along the axis of the sling 1. The measuring and control device 3 acts on the first reaction plate 4 in the opposite direction of the force on the sling 1 and begins to gradually bear force until the resultant force collected by the measuring and control device 3 remains unchanged for a period of time, at which point the application of power is stopped.

[0035] One screw 6 corresponds to one measuring and control device 3. More than two screws 6 can be set. The resultant force monitored by the measuring and control device 3 refers to the sum of the forces on multiple screws 6 on the reaction frame.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, a cable / rod force in-situ detection device includes a reaction support installed on the outside of the anchoring section 2 of the cable 1. The reaction support includes a reaction frame and a measuring and control device 3 connected in series at the end of the reaction frame, which can adjust the stroke or adjust the stroke and monitor the internal force. The measuring and control device 3 is a hydraulic basin structure, a wedge block structure, or a jack. After the stroke of the measuring and control device 3 changes along the cable / rod axis, it acts on the reaction frame in the opposite direction of the cable / rod force to gradually bear the load.

[0037] Furthermore, the sling 1 is a sling 1, and the anchoring section 2 includes a sling head 201, a connecting screw 202, and an ear plate 203. One end of the sling head is connected to the sling 1, and the other end is threadedly connected to the connecting screw 202. The end of the connecting screw 202 away from the sling 1 is threadedly connected to the ear plate 203. The end of the ear plate 203 away from the sling 1 is connected to the building. The reaction frame includes a first reaction plate 4, a second reaction plate 5, and a screw 6. The first reaction plate 4 is sleeved on the sling 1 and located outside the sling head 201. The second reaction plate 5 is located at the outer end of the ear plate 203. The screw 6 passes through the first reaction plate 4 and the second reaction plate 5. One end of the screw 6 is provided with a first locking nut 7 located outside the first reaction plate 4, and the other end is provided with two second locking nuts 8 located on both sides of the second reaction plate 5. The measurement and control device 3 is connected in series between the first locking nut 7 and the first reaction plate 4.

[0038] Furthermore, the first reaction plate 4 is composed of two symmetrical semicircular plates 401. The semicircular plate 401 has a semicircular hole 402 in the middle of its straight edge. After the two semicircular plates 401 are closed, the two semicircular holes 402 form a circular hole 403. The sling 1 is located in the circular hole 403. The two semicircular plates 401 are locked together by anchor bolts 9. The second reaction plate 5 is composed of two symmetrical rectangular plates 501. After the two rectangular plates 501 are closed, they are clamped to the outer end of the ear plate 203 and locked together by anchor bolts 9.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first reaction plate 4 is composed of two semicircular plates 401 arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. A semicircular hole 402 is provided in the middle of the straight edge of each semicircular plate 401. When the two first reaction plates 4 are closed, a circular hole 403 is formed in the middle, allowing the sling 1 to pass through. The two semicircular plates 401 directly clamp the sling 1 and are then locked by anchor bolts 9 at the upper and lower ends. The right side of the first reaction plate 4 contacts the left end of the cable head 201. Figure 3 As shown, the second reaction plate 5 is composed of two vertically symmetrical rectangular plates 501. After the two rectangular plates 501 are closed, they are locked to the right end of the ear plate 203 by anchor bolts 9. Two parallel screws 6 are inserted between the first reaction plate 4 and the second reaction plate 5. The two screws 6 are located on both sides of the sling 1 and are parallel to the axis of the sling 1. The measuring and control device 3 is connected in series to the left end of the connecting screw 202 and is located on the left side of the first reaction plate 4. The first locking nut 7 is threaded to the left end of the connecting screw 202 to prevent the measuring and control device 3 from slipping out. Two second locking nuts 8, located on both sides of the second reaction plate 5 respectively, are threaded to the right end of the connecting screw 202 to achieve the fixed installation of the entire reaction frame.

[0040] Furthermore, the measurement and control device 3 includes a first top plate 12 and a first bottom plate 13 sleeved on the sling 1. The first top plate 12 and the first bottom plate 13 form an annular basin 17. A suitable force-measuring elastic body 14 is provided in the basin 17. A first pressure sensor 10 is provided on the side wall of the basin 17. The working end of the first pressure sensor 10 passes through the side wall of the basin 17 and contacts the side wall of the force-measuring elastic body 14. A guide plate 15 is provided on the side of the force-measuring elastic body 14 adjacent to the first reaction plate 4. A hydraulic chamber 16 is formed between the guide plate 15 and the inner wall of the basin 17. An oil injection channel connected to the hydraulic chamber 16 is provided on the side wall of the basin 17. A sealing bolt 11 is provided at the inlet end of the oil injection channel.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the measurement and control device 3 has a hydraulic basin 17 structure. The device includes a first top plate 12 and a first bottom plate 13. Both the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 13 have through holes in their middle sections to allow the connecting screw 202 to pass through. The top plate 12 and the bottom plate 13 form a concave-convex fit structure, resulting in an annular basin 17. A sealing ring is provided between the bottom plate 13 and the top plate 12. A force-measuring elastic body 14 is provided inside the basin 17. An annular guide plate 15 is provided at the right end of the force-measuring elastic body 14. The force-measuring elastic body 14 is also annular, and sealing rings are provided on both its inner and outer walls. The guide plate 15 and the right side wall of the basin 17 form an annular hydraulic... The hydraulic chamber 16 is provided, and an oil injection channel (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outer wall of the basin 17 to communicate with the hydraulic chamber 16. The inlet end of the oil injection channel is provided with a suitable sealing bolt 11. At the same time, a first pressure sensor 10 is provided on the outer wall of the basin 17. The first pressure sensor 10 senses the deformation of the side wall of the force measuring elastic body 14 to detect the force on the measuring and control device 3 along the axis of the sling 1. By injecting hydraulic oil into the hydraulic chamber 16, the height of the measuring and control device 3 along the axis of the sling 1 can be changed. The first locking nut 7 on the left side limits the first top plate 12. The force generated by the hydraulic pressure will act on the first reaction plate 4 through the first bottom plate 13 and then be transmitted to the connecting screw 202.

[0042] The detection principle of the measuring and control device 3 is as follows: Unscrew the sealing bolt 11 and inject hydraulic oil into the oil pressure chamber 16 through the oil injection channel. The travel of the measuring and control device 3 along the axis of the sling 1 increases, and it gradually begins to bear load. The tension on the connecting screw 202 gradually decreases. The load measured by the force measuring body at this stage is the sum of the tension on the connecting screw 202 and the force on the reaction frame. Continue injecting hydraulic oil, and the travel of the measuring and control device 3 continues to increase until the thread clearance of the connecting screw 202 changes from the right to the left. At this stage, the connecting screw 202 gradually transitions from a tensile state to a load-bearing state. During the pressurized state, the resultant force and time curves detected in this process show a smooth transition section. During this stage, the load measured by the first pressure sensor 10 of the measurement and control device 3 is: the force on the reaction frame, the force on the connecting screw 202 is zero, and the tension on the sling 1 is the resultant force detected by the measurement and control device 3, which is the force on the reaction frame. As hydraulic oil continues to be injected, the stroke of the measurement and control device 3 continues to increase, the connecting screw 202 begins to be pressurized, and the pressure gradually increases. During this stage, the load measured by the first pressure sensor 10 is: the difference between the pressure on the connecting screw 202 and the force on the reaction frame.

[0043] Furthermore, the measurement and control device 3 includes a second top plate 18 and a second bottom plate 19 sleeved on the sling 1. An adjustment cavity is formed between the second top plate 18 and the second bottom plate 19. Two adjustment blocks 20 are symmetrically distributed in the adjustment cavity about the axis of the sling 1. The adjustment blocks 20 are in inclined contact with the side wall of the second top plate 18 and in straight contact with the side wall of the second bottom plate 19. A second pressure sensor 21 is provided between the two adjustment blocks 20.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the measuring and control device 3 is a wedge-shaped height adjustment measuring and control device 3. The relative movement of the two adjusting blocks 20 can change the distance between the second top plate 18 and the second bottom plate 19, thereby changing the travel of the measuring and control device 3 along the axis of the sling 1. The force detected by the second pressure sensor 21 can be converted by the adjusting block 20 to obtain the force on the measuring and control device 3 along the axis of the sling 1. The inclined surface can be a straight inclined surface or a curved inclined surface.

[0045] The detection principle of the measuring and control device 3 is as follows: The hydraulic jack increases the distance between the two adjusting blocks 20, increasing the stroke of the measuring and control device 3 along the axis of the sling 1 and gradually introducing load. The tension in the connecting screw 202 gradually decreases. The load detected at this stage is the sum of the tension in the connecting screw 202 and the force on the reaction frame. As the two adjusting blocks 20 continue to move away from each other, the stroke of the measuring and control device 3 continues to increase until the thread clearance of the connecting screw 202 changes from the right to the left. At this stage, the connecting screw 202 gradually transitions from a tensile state to a compressive state. During this process, the resultant force and time curves show a smooth transition phase. In this phase, the load measured by the second pressure sensor 21 of the measurement and control device 3 is: the force on the reaction frame, the force on the connecting screw 202 is zero, and the tension on the sling 1 is the resultant force detected by the measurement and control device 3, which is the force on the reaction frame. As the distance between the two adjusting blocks 20 continues to increase, the stroke of the measurement and control device 3 continues to increase, and the connecting screw 202 begins to be compressed, and the pressure gradually increases. In this phase, the load measured by the second pressure sensor 21 is: the difference between the pressure on the connecting screw 202 and the force on the reaction frame.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Based on the technical essence of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable / rod force in-situ detection method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Install a reaction support on the outside of the anchoring section (2) of the cable / rod bearing the load. The reaction support is composed of a first reaction plate (4), a second reaction plate (5), and a screw (6). The reaction support is equipped with a measuring and control device (3), which can adjust the stroke and monitor the internal force. S2: By applying power through the measurement and control device (3), the stroke of the reaction support along the cable / rod direction is slowly adjusted, so that the reaction support gradually bears the load; S3: After the reaction support bears the load, continue to apply power to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support, and collect the resultant force of the reaction support in real time; S4: Based on the mechanical equilibrium relationship between the axial force of the cable / rod, the force of the anchorage section (2) and the resultant force of the reaction support, the force value of the smooth transition section in the curve of the resultant force of the reaction support versus time is obtained, which is the actual force of the cable / rod under the current state.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Apply power to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support, causing it to gradually bear the load. After the reaction support bears the load, continue to apply power to slowly adjust the stroke of the reaction support along the cable / rod axis. Collect the resultant force of the reaction support along the cable / rod axis in real time. Based on the curve of resultant force versus time, obtain the force value when the resultant force is constant or slowly changing within a time period. Based on mechanical principles and equilibrium relationships, obtain the actual force on the cable / rod as the resultant force value within that time period.

3. The cable / strut force in-situ detection method of claim 2, wherein, The tension on the cable / rod is equal to the sum of the force on the reaction support and the tension on the anchorage section (2); when the reaction support is initially installed, the force is zero, and the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the tension on the anchorage section (2); after the stroke of the reaction support increases and it bears the load until the monitored resultant force remains unchanged or relatively stable, the force on the anchorage section (2) is zero, and the tension on the cable / rod is completely balanced by the reaction support; after the stroke of the reaction support continues to increase, the tension on the cable / rod is equal to the difference between the force on the reaction support and the pressure on the anchorage section (2).

4. The cable / strut force in-situ detection method of claim 2, wherein, First, install the first reaction plate (4) to one side of the anchoring section (2), then install the second reaction plate (5) to the other side of the anchoring section (2). The first reaction plate (4) is sleeved on the cable / rod, and then the first reaction plate (4) and the second reaction plate (5) are connected by two screws (6). The measurement and control device (3) is connected in series to the screw (6) on the outside of the first reaction plate (4).

5. The cable / strut force in-situ detection method of claim 4, wherein, Install a first locking nut (7) on the screw (6) located outside the measuring and control device (3). The first locking nut (7) restricts the displacement of one side of the measuring and control device (3). Install a second locking nut (8) on both sides of the second reaction plate (5) on the screw (6). Apply power to the measuring and control device (3) to change its stroke along the cable / rod axis. The measuring and control device (3) acts on the first reaction plate (4) in the opposite direction of the cable / rod force and begins to gradually receive force until the resultant force collected by the measuring and control device (3) remains unchanged or relatively stable within a certain period of time, and then stop applying power.

6. An in-situ detection device for the in-situ detection method of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes a reaction support installed on the outside of the anchoring section (2) of the sling (1) and a measuring and control device (3) connected in series at the end of the reaction support, which can adjust the stroke and monitor the internal force; The measuring and control device (3) is selected from one of the hydraulic basin structure, wedge block structure or jack. After the height of the measuring and control device (3) increases along the cable / rod axis, it acts on the first reaction plate (4) in the opposite direction of the cable / rod force, so that the reaction support begins to gradually bear the load.

7. An in situ detection device according to claim 6, wherein The anchoring section (2) includes a cable head (201), a connecting screw (202), and an ear plate (203). The cable head (201) is connected to the sling (1), and the other end is threaded to the connecting screw (202). The end of the connecting screw (202) away from the sling (1) is threaded to the ear plate (203). The end of the ear plate (203) away from the sling (1) is connected to the building. The reaction support includes a first reaction plate (4), a second reaction plate (5), and a screw (6). The first reaction plate (4) 4) The second reaction plate (5) is set on the outside of the cable head (201) and is sleeved on the sling (1). The second reaction plate (5) is set on the outside of the ear plate (203). The screw (6) passes through the first reaction plate (4) and the second reaction plate (5). One end of the screw (6) is provided with a first locking nut (7) located outside the first reaction plate (4), and the other end is provided with two second locking nuts (8) located on both sides of the second reaction plate (5). The measurement and control device (3) is connected in series between the first locking nut (7) and the first reaction plate (4).

8. An in situ detection device according to claim 7, wherein, The measuring and control device (3) is a hydraulic basin structure, including a first top plate (12) and a first bottom plate (13) sleeved on the sling (1). The first top plate (12) and the first bottom plate (13) form an annular basin (17). A suitable force measuring elastomer (14) is provided in the basin (17). A first pressure sensor (10) is provided on the side wall of the basin (17). The working end of the first pressure sensor (10) passes through the side wall of the basin (17) and contacts the side wall of the force measuring elastomer (14). A guide plate (15) is provided on the side of the force measuring elastomer (14) adjacent to the first reaction plate (4). A hydraulic chamber (16) is formed between the guide plate (15) and the inner wall of the basin (17). An oil injection channel connected to the hydraulic chamber (16) is provided on the side wall of the basin (17). A sealing bolt (11) is provided at the inlet end of the oil injection channel.

9. The in-situ detection device of claim 7, wherein, The measurement and control device (3) is a wedge-shaped block structure, including a second top plate (18) and a second bottom plate (19) sleeved on the sling (1). An adjustment cavity is formed between the second top plate (18) and the second bottom plate (19). Two adjustment blocks (20) are symmetrically distributed in the adjustment cavity with the axis of the sling (1) as the axis. The adjustment block (20) is in inclined contact with the side wall of the second top plate (18) and in straight contact with the side wall of the second bottom plate (19), or the adjustment block (20) is in straight contact with the side wall of the second top plate (18) and in inclined contact with the side wall of the second bottom plate (19).

10. The in-situ detection device of claim 7, wherein, The first reaction plate (4) is composed of two symmetrical semicircular plates (401). The semicircular plate (401) has a semicircular hole (402) in the middle of its straight edge. After the two semicircular plates (401) are closed, the two semicircular holes (402) form a circular hole (403). The sling (1) is located in the circular hole (403). The two semicircular plates (401) are locked together by anchor bolts (9). The second reaction plate (5) is composed of two symmetrical rectangular plates (501). After the two rectangular plates (501) are closed, they are clamped to the outer end of the ear plate (203) and locked together by anchor bolts (9).

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