Device and method for measuring sound insulation performance of rotary compressible sealing element

Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a rotary compressible sealing element, and belongs to the technical field of aircraft noise control. The fixed cover plate is arranged on one side of the opening of the acoustic measurement box, and the mounting position of the fixed cover plate can be adjusted in the width direction of the acoustic measurement box; a rotating part outside the side wall of the rotating cover plate is rotatably arranged on the other side of the acoustic measurement box; wherein the butt joint surfaces of the fixed cover plate and the rotary cover plate are in mutually reversed L shapes, and when the rotary cover plate is matched, a butt joint gap width is formed between the fixed cover plate and the rotary cover plate. The sound insulation performance of the sealing element under different compression amount conditions can be measured, the sound insulation performance can be used as an index for evaluating the sound insulation performance of the sealing element, a basis is provided for development and improvement of the sealing element, and meanwhile support is provided for aircraft noise control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of aircraft noise control technology, and specifically relates to a device and method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a rotary compressible seal. Background Technology

[0002] Aircraft doors, windows, and other sealing structures are weak points in aircraft noise control and also limit the noise level inside the aircraft. Among these, the seals are a key factor affecting aircraft sealing design. Currently, the performance of seals focuses more on basic mechanical properties such as sealing performance and compression rebound performance, while paying very little attention to the sound insulation performance of the seals themselves. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a device and method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a rotary compressible seal, in order to solve or mitigate at least one of the problems in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of this application is: a rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device, comprising:

[0005] An acoustic measuring box with an opening;

[0006] A fixed cover plate is provided on one side of the opening of the acoustic measurement box, and the fixed cover plate can be adjusted in installation position along the width direction of the acoustic measurement box;

[0007] A rotating cover plate is provided, and a rotating component on the outside of the side wall of the rotating cover plate is rotatably disposed on the other side of the acoustic measurement box.

[0008] The mating surfaces of the fixed cover plate and the rotating cover plate are L-shaped and reversed. When the rotating cover plate is engaged, a mating gap is formed between the fixed cover plate and the rotating cover plate.

[0009] Preferably, the acoustic measurement box has a rectangular opening structure.

[0010] Preferably, the size of the acoustic measuring box is designed according to the size of the seal, and the acoustic measuring box makes the size of the seal the same as or similar to that used in actual application.

[0011] Preferably, the width of the mating gap can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the fixed cover plate.

[0012] Preferably, the wall panels, fixed cover plate, and rotating cover plate of the acoustic measurement box are all homogeneous plates or composite plate structures.

[0013] Preferably, the average sound insulation of the wall panel, fixed cover plate, and rotating cover plate of the acoustic measurement box is not less than 30 dB and the sound absorption coefficient is not less than 0.5.

[0014] In addition, this application also provides a method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a compressible seal using any of the above-described rotary compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring devices, comprising:

[0015] Step 1: Arrange microphones inside and outside the acoustic measurement box to acquire acoustic signals.

[0016] Step 2: Place loudspeakers outside or inside the acoustic measurement box to generate noise excitation.

[0017] Step 3: Adjust the relative position of the fixed cover plate and the rotating cover plate so that the joint gap width δ is a certain value, and then fix the fixed cover plate.

[0018] Step 4: Turn off the speaker and obtain the sound pressure level (L) inside the acoustic measurement box in an environment free from noise interference. in 0 and external sound pressure level is L out 0, thus obtaining the background noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box;

[0019] Step 5: Turn on the speaker and, with the seal installed, measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box to obtain the transmission loss L1 under the condition of the seal installed;

[0020] Step 6: Turn on the speaker and measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box without installing the seals to obtain the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seals.

[0021] Step 7: Calculate the sound insulation L of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ, based on the transmission loss L1 under the condition of seal installation and L2 under the condition of seal not installation. δ For: L δ =L1-L2;

[0022] Step 8: Adjust the relative positions of the fixed cover plate and the rotating cover plate so that the width of the butt joint is the width δ' of another butt joint;

[0023] Step 9: Repeat steps 3 to 9 to obtain the sound insulation L of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint width δ'. δ’ .

[0024] Preferably, the relative positions of the loudspeaker and microphone to the acoustic measurement box remain unchanged throughout the measurement process.

[0025] Preferably, the process of obtaining the transmission loss L1 under the condition of installing the seal in step 5 is as follows:

[0026] The sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box was obtained as L. in 1. External sound pressure level is L out1；

[0027] If the loudspeaker is outside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained at this time and the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L is satisfied... out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in If 0 ≥ 5 (dB), then the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L out 1-L in 1;

[0028] If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained at this time and the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L is satisfied... out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L in 1-L out 1.

[0029] Preferably, the process of obtaining the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seal in step 6 is as follows:

[0030] The sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box was obtained as L. in 2. External sound pressure level is L out 2;

[0031] If the speaker is outside the measuring device, L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is δ is: L2 = L out 2-L in 2;

[0032] If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained at this time and the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L is satisfied... out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is δ is: L2 = Lin 2-L out 2.

[0033] Preferably, the sound insulation L is achieved when the compression of the seal is equal to the width δ. δ For: L δ =L1-L2.

[0034] The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device and method provided in this application adjusts the width of the mating gap between the fixed cover plate and the rotating cover plate to put the seal in different compression states. This allows for the measurement of the sound insulation performance of the seal under different compression conditions, which can serve as an indicator for evaluating the sound insulation performance of the seal itself, providing a basis for the development and improvement of the seal, and also providing support for aircraft noise control. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided in this application, the accompanying drawings will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall sound insulation performance measuring device for a rotary compressible seal according to this application.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotary compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device of this application.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the joint width in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In order to measure the sound insulation of a seal (such as a sealing strip or gasket) under different compression states, this application provides a rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device and method.

[0041] Firstly, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the rotary compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device provided in this application includes an acoustic measuring box 1, a fixed cover plate 2, a rotating cover plate 3, and a rotating component 4. The acoustic measuring box 1, the fixed cover plate 2, and the rotating cover plate 3 together form a cuboid structure.

[0042] In this embodiment of the application, the acoustic measurement box 1 has a cuboid structure, which is composed of five wall panels forming a top-opening structure. It includes a front wall panel, a rear wall panel, a left wall panel, a right wall panel, and a bottom plate. The wall panels can be fixed together as a whole by welding, gluing, integral manufacturing, or connecting parts. In a preferred embodiment of the application, the dimensions of the acoustic measurement box 1 can be designed according to the dimensions of the sealing element. The closer the dimensions of the sealing element are to the actual dimensions used, the more accurate the measurement of the sound insulation performance of the sealing element will be.

[0043] The fixed cover plate 2 is located on one side of the top of the acoustic measuring box 1, and it can be moved along the Y-axis direction (i.e. the width direction of the acoustic measuring box 1) to adjust the installation position.

[0044] The rotating cover 3 is mounted on the other side of the acoustic measuring box 1 via a rotating component 4 installed on the outside of the side wall of the acoustic measuring box 1. The rotation axis of the rotating component 4 is perpendicular to the adjustment and mounting plane of the fixed cover 2, allowing the rotating cover 3 to rotate around the rotation axis of the rotating component 4. When the rotating cover 3 rotates to the top of the acoustic measuring box 1, it can fit tightly against the top of the acoustic measuring box 1, thus matching the fixed cover 2. The mating surfaces of the fixed cover 2 and the rotating cover 3 are L-shaped and reversed. When the rotating cover 3 is flipped to mate with the fixed cover 2, a certain mating gap width δ can be formed between the fixed cover 2 and the rotating cover 3.

[0045] By adjusting the position of the fixed cover plate 2 in the opening width direction, the width δ of the mating gap between the fixed cover plate 2 and the rotating cover plate 3 can be adjusted to the required size. During the measurement process, the fixed cover plate 2 and the rotating cover plate 3 are installed on the upper part of the acoustic measuring box 1. A sealing element (not shown) is placed in the mating surface and clamped and fixed by the fixed cover plate 2 and the rotating cover plate 3. A certain load can be applied to the rotating cover plate 3 by a constant force device such as a weight or an actuating cylinder to put the sealing element in the required compression state. This load is the same as or similar to the load in the sealing element's operating environment.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of this application, each wall panel of the acoustic measuring box 1, as well as the fixed cover plate 2 and the rotating cover plate 3, are homogeneous or composite board structures, with an average sound insulation of not less than 30 dB. Sound-absorbing materials are applied to the inner surfaces of each wall panel of the acoustic measuring box 1, as well as the fixed cover plate 2 and the rotating cover plate 3, or a sound-absorbing coating is applied, ensuring that their sound absorption coefficient is not less than 0.5.

[0047] Based on the above-mentioned rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device, this application also provides a method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a seal, which can measure the sound insulation of the seal under different compression states.

[0048] The method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a rotary compressible seal in this application includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Arrange microphones inside and outside the acoustic measurement box 1 to acquire acoustic signals. Throughout the measurement process, the relative positions of the microphones and the acoustic measurement box 1 remain unchanged.

[0050] Step 2: Place a loudspeaker outside or inside the acoustic measurement box 1 to generate noise excitation. The relative position of the loudspeaker and the acoustic measurement box 1 remains unchanged throughout the measurement process.

[0051] Step 3: Adjust the relative position of the fixed cover plate 2 and the rotating cover plate 3 so that the width δ of the butt joint is a certain value, and then fix the fixed cover plate 2.

[0052] Step 4: Turn off the speaker and obtain the sound pressure level L inside the acoustic measurement box 1 in an environment free from noise interference. in 0 and external sound pressure level L out 0, thus obtaining the background noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box 1.

[0053] Step 5: Turn on the speaker and, with the seal installed, measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box 1 to obtain the transmission loss L1 under the condition of the seal installed.

[0054] During this process, the sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box 1 is L. in 1. External sound pressure level is L out 1. If the loudspeaker is outside the measuring device, the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L out 1-L in 1. And it must satisfy: L out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in 0 ≥ 5 (dB);

[0055] If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L in 1-L out 1. And it must satisfy: L out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in 0 ≥ 10 (dB).

[0056] Step 6: Turn on the speaker and measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box 1 without installing the seal, and obtain the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seal.

[0057] During this process, the sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box 1 is L. in2. External sound pressure level is L out 2; If the loudspeaker is outside the measuring device, the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is: L2 = L out 2-L in 2, and it must satisfy: L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in 0 ≥ 10 (dB);

[0058] If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is: L2 = L in 2-L out 2, and it must satisfy: L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in 0 ≥ 10 (dB).

[0059] Step 7: Based on the transmission loss L1 under the condition of installing the seal and the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seal, the sound insulation L of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ can be calculated. δ For: L δ =L1-L2.

[0060] Step 8: Adjust the relative positions of the fixed cover plate 2 and the rotating cover plate 3 so that the width of the butt joint is the width δ' of the other butt joint;

[0061] Step 9: Repeat steps 3 to 9 to obtain the sound insulation L of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint width δ'. δ’ .

[0062] The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device and method provided in this application adjusts the width of the mating gap between the fixed cover plate 2 and the rotating cover plate 3 to put the seal in different compression states. This allows for the measurement of the sound insulation performance of the seal under different compression conditions, which can serve as an indicator for evaluating the sound insulation performance of the seal itself, providing a basis for the development and improvement of the seal, and also providing support for aircraft noise control.

[0063] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the sound insulation performance of a rotary compressible seal, characterized in that, include: Acoustic measuring box with an opening (1); A fixed cover plate (2) is provided on one side of the opening of the acoustic measuring box (1). The fixed cover plate (2) can be adjusted in installation position along the width direction of the acoustic measuring box (1). Rotate cover plate (3), the rotating cover plate (33) is rotatably disposed on the other side of the acoustic measuring box (1) by means of a rotating component (4) installed on the outside of the side wall of the acoustic measuring box (1); The mating surfaces of the fixed cover plate (2) and the rotating cover plate (3) are L-shaped and reverse each other. When the rotating cover plate (33) is flipped to fit with the fixed cover plate (2), a mating gap is formed between the fixed cover plate (2) and the rotating cover plate (3).

2. The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acoustic measurement box (1) has a rectangular opening structure.

3. The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The dimensions of the acoustic measuring box (1) are designed according to the dimensions of the seal, and the acoustic measuring box (1) makes the seal the same as or similar in size to the actual use.

4. The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the mating gap can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the fixed cover plate (2).

5. The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The wall panels, fixed cover plate (2), and rotating cover plate (3) of the acoustic measurement box (1) are all homogeneous or composite plate structures.

6. The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The average sound insulation of the wall panel, fixed cover plate (2), and rotating cover plate (3) of the acoustic measuring box (1) is not less than 30 dB and the sound absorption coefficient is not less than 0.

5.

7. A method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a compressible seal using the rotary compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Arrange microphones inside and outside the acoustic measurement box (1) to acquire acoustic signals; Step 2: Arrange loudspeakers outside or inside the acoustic measurement box (1) to generate noise excitation; Step 3: Adjust the relative position of the fixed cover plate (2) and the rotating cover plate (3) so that the width δ of the butt joint is a certain value, and then fix the fixed cover plate (2); Step 4: Turn off the speaker and obtain the sound pressure level (L) inside the acoustic measurement box (1) in an environment free from noise. in 0 and external sound pressure level is L out 0, thereby obtaining the background noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box (1); Step 5: Turn on the loudspeaker and, with the seal installed, measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) to obtain the transmission loss L1 under the condition of the seal installed; Step 6: Turn on the loudspeaker and measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box (1) without installing the seal, and obtain the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seal; Step 7: Calculate the sound insulation L of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ, based on the transmission loss L1 under the condition of seal installation and L2 under the condition of seal not installation. δ For: L δ =L1-L2; Step 8: Adjust the relative positions of the fixed cover plate (2) and the rotating cover plate (3) so that the width of the butt joint is the width of another butt joint δ'; Step 9: Repeat steps 3 to 9 to obtain the sound insulation L of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint width δ'. δ’ .

8. The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Throughout the measurement process, the relative positions of the loudspeaker and microphone with the acoustic measurement box (1) remain unchanged.

9. The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Step 5 involves obtaining the transmission loss L1 under the condition of installing the seal as follows: The sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box (1) is L. in 1. External sound pressure level is L out 1； If the loudspeaker is outside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained at this time and the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in If 0 ≥ 5 (dB), then the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L out 1-L in 1; If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained at this time and the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L in 1-L out 1.

10. The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the transmission loss L2 under the condition of no seal installation in step 6 is as follows: The sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box (1) was obtained as L. in 2. External sound pressure level is L out 2; If the speaker is outside the measuring device, L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is δ is: L2 = L out 2-L in 2; If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained at this time and the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is δ is: L2 = L in 2-L out 2.

11. The rotating compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The sound insulation L when the compression of the seal is equal to the width δ δ For: L δ =L1-L2.

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