Device and method for measuring sound insulation performance of translational compressible sealing element

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a translational compressible sealing element, and belongs to the technical field of aircraft noise control. The device comprises an acoustic measurement box with an opening; the number of the horizontal sliding cover plates is two, and the two horizontal sliding cover plates are in butt joint with each other, so that a mounting surface of the sealing element is formed at the butt joint surface; the cover plate sliding restraining device is of an asymmetric U-shaped structure, the short edge of the U-shaped structure is fixed to the edge of the outer side of the opening of the acoustic measurement box, and a gap is formed between the long edge of the U-shaped structure and the edge of the opening of the acoustic measurement box; the horizontal sliding cover plate is arranged in a gap between the cover plate sliding restraint device and the acoustic measurement box; and the compression screw is installed on the cover plate sliding restraining device and used for locking the horizontal sliding cover plate, and the horizontal sliding cover plate is locked through the compression screw, so that the sealing piece is in a stable compression state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of aircraft noise control technology, and specifically relates to a device and method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a translational compressible seal. Background Technology

[0002] Aircraft doors, windows, and other sealing structures are weak points in aircraft noise control and also limit the noise level inside the aircraft. Among these, the seals are a key factor affecting aircraft sealing design. Currently, the performance of seals focuses more on basic mechanical properties such as sealing performance and compression rebound performance, while paying very little attention to the sound insulation performance of the seals themselves. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measurement device and method to solve or mitigate at least one of the problems in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of this application is: a translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device, comprising:

[0005] An acoustic measuring box with an opening;

[0006] A horizontal sliding cover plate, wherein there are two horizontal sliding cover plates, which are mated together to form a mounting surface for a seal at the mating surface;

[0007] A cover plate sliding constraint device, wherein the cover plate sliding constraint device is an asymmetrical U-shaped structure, the short side of the U-shaped structure is fixed to the outer edge of the opening of the acoustic measurement box, and a gap is formed between the long side of the U-shaped structure and the edge of the opening of the acoustic measurement box; the horizontal sliding cover plate is disposed within the gap between the cover plate sliding constraint device and the acoustic measurement box; and

[0008] A clamping screw is installed on the cover plate sliding constraint device to lock the horizontal sliding cover plate. By locking the horizontal sliding cover plate with the clamping screw, the seal is in a stable compressed state.

[0009] Preferably, the acoustic measurement box has a rectangular opening structure.

[0010] Preferably, each wall panel and the two horizontal sliding covers of the acoustic measurement box are homogeneous plates or composite plate structures.

[0011] Preferably, the average sound insulation of the wall panel and the horizontal sliding cover of the acoustic measurement box is not less than 30 dB and the sound absorption coefficient is not less than 0.5.

[0012] Preferably, the sliding cover plate is restricted to move along the height and length of the acoustic measuring box by the cover plate sliding constraint device, so that the horizontal sliding cover plate can only slide horizontally in the width direction of the acoustic measuring box. By adjusting the relative position of the two horizontal sliding cover plates, the seal is in different compression states.

[0013] Preferably, the upper surface of the cover plate sliding constraint device is provided with scale lines to indicate the width of the butt joint between the two horizontal sliding cover plates.

[0014] Preferably, the side of the cover plate sliding constraint device is provided with a sealing element through hole, which facilitates the installation of the sealing element during the measurement process and restricts the movement of the sealing element.

[0015] In addition, this application also provides a method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a seal using any of the translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring devices described above, comprising:

[0016] Step 1: Arrange microphones inside and outside the acoustic measurement box to acquire acoustic signals;

[0017] Step 2: Place loudspeakers outside or inside the acoustic measurement box to generate noise excitation;

[0018] Step 3: Adjust the relative positions of the two horizontal sliding cover plates 2 so that the width of the butt joint is a certain width δ;

[0019] Step 4: Turn off the speaker and obtain the sound pressure level (L) inside the acoustic measurement box in an environment free from noise interference. in 0 and external sound pressure level is L out 0, thus obtaining the background noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box;

[0020] Step 5: Turn on the speaker and, with the seal installed, measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box to obtain the transmission loss L1 under the condition of the seal installed;

[0021] Step 6: Turn on the speaker and measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box without installing the seals to obtain the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seals.

[0022] Step 7: Calculate the sound insulation L of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ, based on the transmission loss L1 under the condition of seal installation and L2 under the condition of seal not installation. δ For: L δ =L1-L2;

[0023] Step 8: Adjust the relative positions of the two horizontal sliding covers so that the width of the butt joint is another width δ';

[0024] Step 9: Repeat steps 3 to 8 to obtain the sound insulation L of the seal at another compression width δ'. δ‘ .

[0025] Preferably, the relative positions of the loudspeaker and microphone to the acoustic measurement box remain unchanged throughout the measurement process.

[0026] Preferably, the process of obtaining the transmission loss L1 under the condition of installing the seal in step 5 is as follows:

[0027] The sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box was obtained as L. in 1. External sound pressure level is L out 1；

[0028] If the loudspeaker is outside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained at this time and the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L is satisfied... out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in If 0 ≥ 5 (dB), then the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L out 1-L in 1;

[0029] If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained at this time and the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L is satisfied... out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L in 1-L out 1.

[0030] Preferably, the process of obtaining the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seal in step 6 is as follows:

[0031] The sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box was obtained as L. in 2. External sound pressure level is L out 2;

[0032] If the speaker is outside the measuring device, L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L inIf 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is δ is: L2 = L out 2-L in 2;

[0033] If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained at this time and the sound pressure levels inside and outside the acoustic measuring box obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L is satisfied... out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is δ is: L2 = L in 2-L out 2.

[0034] Preferably, the sound insulation L is calculated when the compression of the seal is a certain width δ. δ For: L δ =L1-L2.

[0035] The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device and method provided in this application adjusts the width of the mating gap between two horizontal sliding cover plates 2 to place the seal in different compression states. This allows for the measurement of the sound insulation of the seal under different compression states, which can serve as an indicator for evaluating the sound insulation performance of the seal itself, providing a basis for the development and improvement of the seal, and also providing support for aircraft noise control. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided in this application, the accompanying drawings will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall sound insulation performance measuring device for translational compressible seals of this application.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device of this application.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate sliding constraint device of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] In order to measure the sound insulation of a seal under different compression conditions, this application provides a translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device and method.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device provided in this application includes: an acoustic measuring box 1, a horizontal sliding cover plate 2, a cover plate sliding constraint device 3, and a clamping bolt 4. There are two horizontal sliding cover plates 2, which are arranged opposite to each other on the acoustic measuring box 1. The acoustic measuring box 1 and the two horizontal sliding cover plates 2 together form a cuboid structure.

[0043] In this embodiment of the application, the acoustic measurement box 1 is a cuboid structure, which is composed of five wall panels forming a top-opening structure. It includes a front wall panel, a rear wall panel, a left wall panel, a right wall panel, and a bottom plate. The wall panels can be fixed together as a whole by welding, gluing, integral manufacturing, or connecting parts.

[0044] There are two horizontal sliding cover plates 2, which are connected to each other, and the connecting surfaces can form the mounting surface of the seal.

[0045] Two cover plate sliding constraint devices 3 are also present, which are asymmetrical U-shaped structures. The shorter lower protruding edge is fixed to the upper outer edge of the acoustic measurement box 1, and the longer upper protruding edge forms a gap with the top edge of the acoustic measurement box 1. The horizontal sliding cover plate 2 is engaged in the gap between the acoustic measurement box 1 and the cover plate sliding constraint device 3. The two horizontal sliding cover plates 2 can be fixed relative to each other by a clamping bolt 4 passing through the longer upper protruding edge of the cover plate sliding constraint device 3. The cover plate sliding constraint device 3 restricts the horizontal sliding cover plates 2 along the height and length directions of the acoustic measurement box 1. Figure 1 The horizontal sliding cover 2 can only move in the width direction of the acoustic measuring box 1 (up and down direction), thus allowing it to move only in the width direction of the acoustic measuring box 1. Figure 1 Horizontal sliding (left and right directions).

[0046] When the horizontal sliding cover 2 moves to the appropriate position, tighten the clamping bolt 4 using a force-regulating device (e.g., a torque wrench) to make the horizontal sliding cover 2 fit tightly against the upper surface of the acoustic measuring box 1. Use the same tightening force in all measurement states and throughout the entire measurement process.

[0047] The upper surface of the cover plate sliding constraint device 3 is provided with scale lines 31 for easy reading of the joint width between the two horizontal sliding cover plates 2. The side of the cover plate sliding constraint device 3 is provided with a sealing element through hole 32 to facilitate the installation of the sealing element (not shown) during the measurement process and to limit the possible movement of the sealing element. In this application, the sealing element through hole 32 is designed as an elongated strip.

[0048] During measurement, the seal passes through the seal through hole 32 on the cover plate sliding constraint device 3 and is pressed against the mating surface of the horizontal sliding cover plate 2. By adjusting the relative position of the two horizontal sliding cover plates 2, the seal can be in different compression states. By locking the horizontal sliding cover plate 2 with the clamping screw 4, the seal is in a stable compression state.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of this application, each wall panel of the acoustic measuring box 1 and the two horizontal sliding covers 2 are homogeneous or composite board structures, with an average sound insulation of not less than 30 dB. Sound-absorbing material is applied to the inner surfaces of each wall panel of the acoustic measuring box 1 and the horizontal sliding covers 2, or a sound-absorbing coating is applied, to ensure that their sound absorption coefficient is not less than 0.5.

[0050] Based on the above-mentioned translational sealing sound insulation performance measuring device, this application also provides a method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a sealing component, which can measure the sound insulation amount of the sealing component under different compression states.

[0051] The method for measuring the sound insulation performance of translational seals in this application includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Arrange microphones inside and outside the acoustic measurement box 1 to acquire acoustic signals. Throughout the measurement process, the relative positions of the microphones and the acoustic measurement box 1 remain unchanged.

[0053] Step 2: Place a loudspeaker outside or inside the acoustic measurement box 1 to generate noise excitation. The relative position of the loudspeaker and the acoustic measurement box 1 remains unchanged throughout the measurement process.

[0054] Step 3: Adjust the relative positions of the two horizontal sliding cover plates 2 so that the width of the butt joint is a certain width δ.

[0055] Step 4: Turn off the speaker and obtain the sound pressure level L inside the acoustic measurement box 1 in an environment free from noise interference. in 0 and external sound pressure level is L out 0, thus obtaining the background noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box 1.

[0056] Step 5: Turn on the speaker and, with the seal installed, measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box 1 to obtain the transmission loss L1 under the condition of the seal installed.

[0057] During this process, the sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box 1 is L. in 1. External sound pressure level is L out 1. If the loudspeaker is outside the measuring device, the transmission loss L1 when the seal compression width is a certain width δ is: L1 = L out 1-L in 1. And it must satisfy: Lout 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in 0 ≥ 5 (dB);

[0058] If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, the transmission loss L1 when the seal is compressed to a certain width δ is: L1 = L in 1-L out 1. And it must satisfy: L out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in 0 ≥ 10 (dB).

[0059] Step 6: Turn on the speaker and measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box 1 without installing the seal, and obtain the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seal.

[0060] During this process, the sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box 1 is L. in 2. External sound pressure level is L out 2. If the loudspeaker is outside the measuring device, the transmission loss L2 when the gap width is a certain width δ is: L2 = L out 2-L in 2, and it must satisfy: L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in 0 ≥ 10 (dB);

[0061] If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, the transmission loss L2 when the gap width is a certain width δ is: L2 = L in 2-L out 2, and it must satisfy: L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in 0 ≥ 10 (dB).

[0062] Step 7: Based on the transmission loss L1 under the condition of installing the seal and the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seal, the sound insulation L of the seal at a certain compression width δ can be calculated. δ For: L δ =L1-L2.

[0063] Step 8: Adjust the relative positions of the two horizontal sliding cover plates 2 so that the width of the butt joint is another width δ'.

[0064] Step 9: Repeat steps 3 to 8 to obtain the sound insulation L of the seal at another compression width δ'. δ‘ .

[0065] The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device and method provided in this application adjusts the width of the mating gap between two horizontal sliding cover plates 2 to place the seal in different compression states. This allows for the measurement of the sound insulation of the seal under different compression states, which can serve as an indicator for evaluating the sound insulation performance of the seal itself, providing a basis for the development and improvement of the seal, and also providing support for aircraft noise control.

[0066] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the sound insulation performance of a translational compressible seal, characterized in that, include: Acoustic measuring box with an opening (1); Horizontal sliding cover plate (2), there are two horizontal sliding cover plates (2), the two horizontal sliding cover plates (2) are connected to each other, so as to form the installation surface of the seal at the connection surface; A cover plate sliding constraint device (3) is an asymmetrical U-shaped structure. The short side of the U-shaped structure is fixed to the outer edge of the opening of the acoustic measuring box (1), and a gap is formed between the long side of the U-shaped structure and the edge of the opening of the acoustic measuring box (1). The horizontal sliding cover plate (2) is set in the gap between the cover plate sliding constraint device (3) and the acoustic measuring box (1). A clamping screw (4) is installed on the cover plate sliding constraint device (3) to lock the horizontal sliding cover plate (2). The clamping screw (4) locks the horizontal sliding cover plate (2) so that the seal is in a stable compression state.

2. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acoustic measurement box (1) has a rectangular opening structure.

3. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The acoustic measurement box (1) has homogeneous or composite plate structures for each wall panel and two horizontal sliding cover plates (2).

4. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The average sound insulation of the wall panel and the horizontal sliding cover plate (2) of the acoustic measurement box (1) is not less than 30 dB and the sound absorption coefficient is not less than 0.

5.

5. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding constraint device (3) restricts the movement of the horizontal sliding cover (2) along the height and length of the acoustic measuring box (1), so that the horizontal sliding cover (2) can only slide horizontally in the width direction of the acoustic measuring box (1). By adjusting the relative position of the two horizontal sliding covers (2), the seal is in different compression states.

6. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper surface of the cover plate sliding constraint device (3) is provided with scale lines (31) to indicate the width of the butt joint of the two horizontal sliding cover plates (2).

7. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The cover plate sliding constraint device (3) has a sealing element through hole (32) on its side, which facilitates the installation of the sealing element during the measurement process and restricts the movement of the sealing element.

8. A method for measuring the sound insulation performance of a seal using a translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Arrange microphones inside and outside the acoustic measurement box (1) to acquire acoustic signals; Step 2: Arrange loudspeakers outside or inside the acoustic measurement box (1) to generate noise excitation; Step 3: Adjust the relative positions of the two horizontal sliding cover plates 2 so that the width of the butt joint is a certain width δ; Step 4: Turn off the speaker and obtain the sound pressure level (L) inside the acoustic measurement box (1) in an environment free from noise. in 0 and external sound pressure level is L out 0, thereby obtaining the background noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box (1); Step 5: Turn on the loudspeaker and, with the seal installed, measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) to obtain the transmission loss L1 under the condition of the seal installed; Step 6: Turn on the loudspeaker and measure the noise inside and outside the acoustic measurement box (1) without installing the seal, and obtain the transmission loss L2 under the condition of not installing the seal; Step 7: Calculate the sound insulation L of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ, based on the transmission loss L1 under the condition of seal installation and L2 under the condition of seal not installation. δ For: L δ =L1-L2; Step 8: Adjust the relative positions of the two horizontal sliding cover plates (2) so that the width of the butt joint is another width δ'; Step 9: Repeat steps 3 to 8 to obtain the sound insulation L of the seal at another compression width δ'. δ‘ .

9. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Throughout the measurement process, the relative positions of the loudspeaker and microphone with the acoustic measurement box (1) remain unchanged.

10. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Step 5 involves obtaining the transmission loss L1 under the condition of installing the seal as follows: The sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box (1) is L. in 1. External sound pressure level is L out 1； If the loudspeaker is outside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained at this time and the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in If 0 ≥ 5 (dB), then the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L out 1-L in 1; If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained at this time and the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L out 1–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 1–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L1 of the seal when the compression width is equal to the butt joint gap width δ is: L1 = L in 1-L out 1.

11. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the transmission loss L2 under the condition of no seal installation in step 6 is as follows: The sound pressure level inside the acoustic measurement box (1) was obtained as L. in 2. External sound pressure level is L out 2; If the speaker is outside the measuring device, L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is δ is: L2 = L out 2-L in 2; If the loudspeaker is inside the measuring device, determine the relationship between the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained at this time and the sound pressure level inside and outside the acoustic measuring box (1) obtained in an environment without noise influence. If L out 2–L out 0≥10(dB), L in 2–L in If 0 ≥ 10 (dB), then the transmission loss L2 when the gap width δ is δ is: L2 = L in 2-L out 2.

12. The translational compressible seal sound insulation performance measuring device as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The sound insulation L when the compression of the seal is a certain width δ δ For: L δ =L1-L2.

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