Operation and maintenance monitoring and early warning method for large-volume concrete structure of salt and fresh water area ship lock

Abstract

The application discloses a method for monitoring and early warning of large-volume concrete structure of a ship lock in a brackish water area, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing of corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete, arrangement of a monitoring system, monitoring of magnetic induction intensity, temperature correction of monitoring data, change value of monitoring data, data visualization, computer vision identification and early warning of a structural operation state; by introducing magnetic tracer medium into the concrete of the outer wrapping layer, the change of magnetic permeability of the concrete of the outer wrapping layer caused by erosive diseases can be obtained through electromagnetic induction monitoring technology; by using computer vision technology to establish a mapping relationship between the image features of the visual heat map and the erosive diseases, various indexes of the erosive diseases are automatically extracted and marked on the visual heat map, so that the development of the diseases can be directly and clearly mastered by monitoring personnel, and the traditional method which can only qualitatively judge or macroscopically locate is overcome, thereby providing accurate quantitative basis for the evaluation and early warning of erosive diseases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reinforced concrete protection technology, and in particular to a method for operation and maintenance monitoring and early warning of large-volume concrete structures in ship locks in brackish water areas. Background Technology

[0002] Brackish water areas are regions where seawater and freshwater meet and mix, commonly found in coastal areas such as estuaries, bays, and lagoons. A key characteristic of brackish water areas is the significant spatial and temporal variation in salinity. For example, salinity gradually increases along the direction of a river flowing into the ocean, and salinity increases during high tide due to seawater intrusion and decreases during low tide due to river water outflow. In brackish water areas, large-volume concrete lock structures are constantly exposed to salinity fluctuations and alternating wet and dry conditions. Cracks generated by the heat of hydration in the large-volume concrete easily form seepage channels, exacerbating the risk of chloride ion corrosion and concrete carbonation. Furthermore, the scouring action of high-speed water flow and repeated tides easily causes the protective layer to peel off, further exposing and corroding the reinforcing steel.

[0003] Corrosion-resistant concrete, which enhances its resistance to chemical erosion through optimized material composition, can meet the durability requirements of brackish water environments. However, its application in large-volume concrete structures like ship locks suffers from excessively high construction costs. Currently, the "gold-clad silver" design is maturing in domestic and international waterway engineering projects. This design divides a large-volume concrete structure into a core layer and an outer layer. The core layer uses conventional concrete, while the outer layer uses highly corrosion-resistant concrete. The outer layer's concrete resists seawater erosion, thus achieving a balance between cost and performance.

[0004] For the large-volume concrete structure of the "Gold-Wrapped Silver" lock, which may suffer from defects such as concrete carbonation, concrete surface erosion, concrete cracks and internal defects during operation, traditional monitoring methods include core sampling followed by indoor testing, fixed-point monitoring by stress and displacement sensors, visual inspection and visual inspection after removal, and ground-penetrating radar identification. The limitations of these traditional monitoring methods include: extremely low monitoring efficiency, potential damage to the structure, heavy reliance on the work experience of monitoring personnel, and inability to achieve automated and full-coverage monitoring.

[0005] To address the problems of traditional monitoring methods, monitoring technology based on the principle of electromagnetic induction has become a potential solution. Magnetic fields are sensitive to changes in the permeability of a medium and can penetrate non-metallic materials without causing structural damage. However, the application of existing electromagnetic induction monitoring technology in the monitoring of the large-volume concrete structure of the "Gold-Wrapped Silver" ship lock faces the following technical challenges: 1) Concrete is a non-magnetic material, making it impossible to directly obtain changes in permeability caused by various defects in concrete through electromagnetic induction monitoring technology; 2) The interpretation of permeability change data obtained by electromagnetic induction monitoring technology is difficult and time-consuming.

[0006] Existing technologies lack a method that combines magnetic functional materials, monitoring of large-volume concrete structures in ship locks, and intelligent data processing, making it difficult to meet the demands for high efficiency, quantification, and precision in the operation and maintenance monitoring and early warning of large-volume concrete structures in ship locks in brackish water areas. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention applies for a method for operation and maintenance monitoring and early warning of large-volume concrete structures in brackish water locks. By deeply integrating the "gold-wrapped silver" large-volume concrete structure of the lock with electromagnetic induction monitoring technology and computer vision technology, this method meets the needs of automation, quantification, and precision for operation and maintenance monitoring and early warning of large-volume concrete structures in brackish water locks.

[0008] A method for operation and maintenance monitoring and early warning of large-volume concrete structures in ship locks in brackish water areas, applied to large-volume concrete structures in ship locks, includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Production of corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete:

[0010] The large-volume concrete structure of the lock is divided into a core layer and an outer layer. The outer layer is located outside the core layer and wraps around it. The core layer is made of conventional reinforced concrete, and the outer layer is made of corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete. The corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete is a magnetic material with uniform magnetic permeability formed by uniformly dispersing iron oxide particles in the corrosion-resistant concrete on the basis of conventional corrosion-resistant concrete.

[0011] S2. Deployment of the monitoring system:

[0012] The monitoring system for the large-volume concrete structure of the lock includes a cable-stayed crane, a cable-stayed mobile trolley platform, excitation coils, magnetic sensors, temperature sensors, and information processing equipment. The cable-stayed crane is installed on top of the lock wall and can move horizontally along the top of the lock wall. The cable end of the cable-stayed crane is connected to the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform, enabling vertical movement of the platform along the side surface of the lock wall by pulling or lowering the cable. The cable-stayed mobile trolley platform features a waterproof enclosure design and is equipped with pulleys, allowing it to slide on the side surface of the lock wall or the bottom plate of the lock chamber. Under the control of the cable-stayed crane, the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform... The moving range of the vehicle platform can completely cover the side surface of the gate wall; the excitation coil is mounted on the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform to generate a controllable magnetic field and act on the reinforcing bars of the outer layer and the core layer, thereby exciting an additional magnetic field in the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete; the magnetic sensor is mounted on the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform to collect the magnetic induction intensity data of the additional magnetic field of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete and simultaneously record the coordinate data corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity data; the temperature sensor is mounted on the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform to simultaneously collect the temperature data corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity data.

[0013] S3. Monitoring of magnetic induction intensity:

[0014] Corrosive defects in the large-volume concrete structure of the lock include concrete surface erosion, concrete cracks, internal concrete defects, and steel reinforcement corrosion. When the outer layer exhibits concrete surface erosion, concrete cracks, and internal concrete defects, the magnetic induction intensity of the additional magnetic field of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete will change. When the steel reinforcement in the core layer corrodes, the magnetic induction intensity collected by the magnetic sensor will also change. Considering that these corrosive defects are all progressive and their development is significantly affected by tidal changes in brackish water areas, monitoring is conducted according to the following plan: upon completion of the large-volume concrete structure of the lock, and daily when the water level around the large-volume concrete structure of the lock reaches high tide and low tide levels, the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform is activated to traverse the side surface of the lock wall, collecting magnetic induction intensity data and corresponding coordinate and temperature data, which are then marked as... B ′( x, y, z, T ); among which, coordinate data ( x, y, z (This is based on a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with one corner of the lock structure as the origin.) x The shaft runs along the length of the gate wall. y The axis runs along the height of the gate wall. z The axis is perpendicular to the normal direction of the gate wall surface; temperature data TThe unit is degrees Celsius (°C); for stress-sensitive and corrosion-sensitive areas, data should be collected multiple times and the average value should be taken; the stress-sensitive area includes the junction between the gate chamber bottom plate and the gate wall, and the corrosion-sensitive area includes the splash zone and the water level fluctuation zone;

[0015] S4. Temperature correction for monitoring data:

[0016] For the data obtained from monitoring B ′( x, y, z, T Temperature correction is performed to obtain magnetic flux density data at standard temperature. B ( x, y, z As shown in the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] in, T r Standard temperature; α The fitting coefficients were determined through an indoor calibration test of the magnetic induction intensity as a function of temperature.

[0019] S5. Changes in monitoring data:

[0020] Before the large-volume concrete structure of the lock was put into operation, the monitored data was corrected to reference magnetic induction intensity data at standard temperature. B 0 ( x, y, z This constitutes a benchmark magnetic flux density dataset. C 0 After the large-volume concrete structure of the ship lock was put into operation, the first i The data obtained from this monitoring was corrected to magnetic flux density data at standard temperature. B i ( x, y, z ), and constitute the first i Data set of magnetic induction intensity from the second monitoring C i ; relative to the reference magnetic field strength, the first i The change in magnetic flux intensity monitored R i ( x, y, z It satisfies the following expression:

[0021]

[0022] No. i The change in magnetic flux intensity monitored R i ( x, y, z ) constitutes the first i Data set of magnetic flux density changes monitored R iSurface erosion, cracks, and internal defects in concrete can lead to varying degrees a reduction in magnetic material, disruption of magnetic circuit uniformity and continuity, and a significant decrease in magnetic permeability after steel reinforcement corrosion. B i ( x, y, z It is usually less than numerically. B 0 ( x, y, z This means R i ( x, y, z The value of ) is usually positive;

[0023] S6. Data Visualization:

[0024] The first i Data set of magnetic flux density changes monitored R i The data is converted into a visual heatmap, and this heatmap is then used as a texture mapping onto a 3D model of the large-volume concrete structure of the lock, thereby visually showcasing the... i Spatial distribution characteristics of the changes in magnetic induction intensity monitored in this study;

[0025] S7, Computer Vision Recognition:

[0026] A convolutional neural network model is used to establish a mapping relationship between the image features of the visualization heatmap and the erosive disease. Then, the visualization heatmap obtained in step S6 is input into the convolutional neural network model to obtain the erosive disease identification results. The erosive disease identification results include the area and depth of concrete surface erosion, the length, width and depth of concrete cracks, the type and area of ​​internal concrete defects, and the cross-sectional loss rate of steel corrosion. The erosive disease identification results are automatically marked on the visualization heatmap.

[0027] S8. Early warning of structural operation and maintenance status: An early warning is triggered based on the identification results of the corrosive defects. The early warning conditions are as follows:

[0028] Area of ​​concrete surface erosion S d Reaching more than 10% of the component's surface area, or the depth of concrete surface erosion. D d Exceeding the thickness of the concrete cover for the reinforcing steel;

[0029] Width of concrete cracks L c Greater than 0.2 mm, or the depth of concrete cracks L d Exceeding the thickness of the concrete cover for the reinforcing steel;

[0030] Area of ​​internal defects in concrete S d It reaches more than 5% of the component's surface area;

[0031] The cross-sectional loss rate of steel reinforcement corrosion is greater than 5%.

[0032] Preferably, in step S1, the manufacturing process of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete is as follows: after surface modification of iron oxide particles with a particle size range of 100nm to 500nm, they are thoroughly mixed with the matrix material of the corrosion-resistant concrete to ensure that the particles are evenly distributed and do not agglomerate; before the initial setting of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete, an external magnetic field is applied to it, so that the iron oxide particles are aligned along the direction of the magnetic field, thereby improving the uniformity and orientation of the magnetic permeability of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete.

[0033] Preferably, in step S6, the generation of the visualized heatmap includes the following steps:

[0034] S601, Data normalization: Normalize the data... i Data set of magnetic flux density changes monitored R i Data in R i ( x, y, z The normalization process is performed as shown in the following expression:

[0035]

[0036] in, N i ( x , y , z )for R i ( x , y , z The data after normalization, and N i ( x , y , z The value range of ) is [0, 1]; R i ( x , y , z ) max and R i ( x , y , z ) min The first one is respectively the second one. i Data set of magnetic flux density changes monitored Ri The maximum and minimum values ​​in;

[0037] S602, Color Code Design: According to N i ( x , y , z The color of each pixel on the visualized heatmap is determined based on the numerical distribution of the pixels. The color marking design of the visualized heatmap is shown in the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, the color of the pixel varies N i ( x , y , z The intensity increases with the increase of the numerical value;

[0040] S603, Texture Mapping: The coordinates of each pixel on the visualized heatmap are mapped to the coordinates of the 3D model of the large-volume concrete structure of the lock. Then, the visualized heatmap is converted into a texture map and rendered onto the corresponding surface of the 3D model. This achieves the mapping of the visualized heatmap as a texture onto the 3D model of the large-volume concrete structure of the lock, thus intuitively displaying the... i Spatial distribution characteristics of the changes in magnetic induction intensity monitored.

[0041] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Addressing the lack of a method combining magnetic functional materials, monitoring of large-volume concrete structures in ship locks, and intelligent data processing in existing technologies, this invention proposes a method for monitoring and early warning of the operation and maintenance of large-volume concrete structures in ship locks in brackish water areas. This includes the fabrication of corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete, the deployment of a monitoring system, monitoring of magnetic induction intensity, temperature correction of monitoring data, monitoring data changes, data visualization, computer vision recognition, and early warning of structural operation and maintenance status. Through a "gold-wrapped silver" structural design method, the large-volume concrete structure of the ship lock utilizes an outer layer of concrete to resist seawater erosion, thereby achieving a balance between cost and performance. By introducing a magnetic tracer medium into the outer layer of concrete and through surface modification and directional magnetic field treatment, the outer layer of concrete possesses stable and directional magnetic permeability, thus preventing corrosion when exposed to strong winds. When corrosive defects are present, there is a difference in magnetic permeability between the affected and normal areas. Therefore, electromagnetic induction monitoring technology can be used to obtain the changes in magnetic permeability of the outer concrete layer caused by corrosive defects. The monitoring system, mounted on a cable-stayed mobile trolley platform, can quickly cover the surface of the large-volume concrete structure of the lock without manual operation. It can work stably in complex environments and ensure the efficiency and reliability of monitoring results. By using computer vision technology to establish a mapping relationship between the image features of the visual heat map and the corrosive defects, various indicators of the corrosive defects are automatically extracted and automatically marked on the visual heat map. This allows the monitoring personnel to intuitively and clearly grasp the development of the defects, and overcomes the shortcomings of traditional methods that can only make qualitative judgments or macroscopic locations. It provides accurate quantitative basis for the assessment and early warning of corrosive defects. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation and maintenance monitoring and early warning method for large-volume concrete structures of ship locks in brackish water areas, as shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the monitoring system for the large-volume concrete structure of the ship lock, as shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Reference numerals: 1-Monitoring system for large-volume concrete structure of lock, 11-Cable crane device, 12-Cable crane mobile trolley platform, 13-Excitation coil, 14-Magnetic sensor, 15-Temperature sensor, 16-Information processing equipment, 2-Corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and reference numerals, so that those skilled in the art can implement them after reading this specification. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] This application discloses, as follows: Figures 1-2 The operation and maintenance monitoring and early warning method for large-volume concrete structures of ship locks in brackish water areas, as shown, is applied to such structures and includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. Production of corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete:

[0048] The large-volume concrete structure of the lock consists of a core layer and an outer layer. The outer layer is located outside the core layer and wraps around it. The core layer is made of conventional reinforced concrete, while the outer layer is made of corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete 2. The corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete 2 is a magnetic material with uniformly distributed magnetic permeability formed by uniformly dispersing iron oxide particles in conventional corrosion-resistant concrete. In specific implementation, the manufacturing process of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete 2 is as follows: iron oxide particles with a particle size range of 100nm to 500nm are surface modified and then thoroughly mixed with the matrix material of the corrosion-resistant concrete to ensure uniform particle distribution and prevent agglomeration. Before the initial setting of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete 2, an external magnetic field is applied to it, causing the iron oxide particles to align along the direction of the magnetic field, thereby improving the uniformity and orientation of the magnetic permeability of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete 2.

[0049] S2. Deployment of the monitoring system:

[0050] The monitoring system 1 for the large-volume concrete structure of the lock includes a cable-stayed device 11, a cable-stayed mobile trolley platform 12, an excitation coil 13, a magnetic sensor 14, a temperature sensor 15, and an information processing device 16. The cable-stayed device 11 is installed on the top of the lock wall and can move horizontally along the top of the lock wall. The cable end of the cable-stayed device 11 is connected to the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform 12, enabling the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform 12 to move vertically along the side surface of the lock wall by pulling or lowering the cable. The cable-stayed mobile trolley platform 12 adopts a waterproof encapsulation design and is equipped with a pulley system, allowing it to slide on the side surface of the lock wall or the bottom plate of the lock chamber. Under the control of the cable-stayed device 11, the cable-stayed device 12... The mobile trolley platform 12 has a movement range that can completely cover the side surface of the gate wall; the excitation coil 13 is mounted on the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform 12 and is used to generate a controllable magnetic field and act on the reinforcing bars of the outer layer and the core layer, thereby exciting an additional magnetic field in the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete 2; the magnetic sensor 14 is mounted on the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform 12 and is used to collect the magnetic induction intensity data of the additional magnetic field of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete 2, and simultaneously record the coordinate data corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity data; the temperature sensor 15 is mounted on the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform 12 and is used to simultaneously collect the temperature data corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity data.

[0051] S3. Monitoring of magnetic induction intensity:

[0052] Corrosive defects in the large-volume concrete structure of the lock include concrete surface erosion, concrete cracks, internal concrete defects, and steel reinforcement corrosion. When the outer layer has concrete surface erosion, concrete cracks, and internal concrete defects, the magnetic induction intensity of the additional magnetic field of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete 2 will change. When the steel reinforcement of the core layer corrodes, the magnetic induction intensity collected by the magnetic sensor 14 will also change. Considering that the corrosive defects are all progressive and their development is significantly affected by tidal changes in the brackish water area, monitoring work is carried out according to the following monitoring plan: when the large-volume concrete structure of the lock is completed, and when the water level around the large-volume concrete structure of the lock reaches high tide and low tide levels daily, the cable-stayed mobile trolley platform 12 is activated to traverse the side surface of the lock wall, collecting magnetic induction intensity data and corresponding coordinate data and temperature data, and marking them as follows. B ′( x, y, z, T For stress-sensitive and corrosion-sensitive areas, data should be collected multiple times and the average value should be taken; the stress-sensitive area includes the junction between the gate chamber bottom plate and the gate wall, and the corrosion-sensitive area includes the splash zone and the water level fluctuation zone.

[0053] S4. Temperature correction for monitoring data:

[0054] For the data obtained from monitoring B ′( x, y, z, T Temperature correction is performed to obtain magnetic flux density data at standard temperature. B ( x, y, z As shown in the following formula:

[0055] (1)

[0056] in, T r The standard temperature is used; the actual temperature to be used in implementation will be determined later. T r 20°C; α The fitting coefficients were determined through an indoor calibration test of the magnetic induction intensity as a function of temperature.

[0057] S5. Changes in monitoring data:

[0058] Before the large-volume concrete structure of the lock was put into operation, the monitored data was corrected to reference magnetic induction intensity data at standard temperature. B 0 ( x, y, z ), and constitute a reference magnetic flux density dataset. C 0 After the large-volume concrete structure of the ship lock was put into operation, the first iThe data obtained from this monitoring was corrected to magnetic flux density data at standard temperature. B i ( x, y, z ), and constitute the first i Data set of magnetic induction intensity from the second monitoring C i ; relative to the reference magnetic field strength, the first i The change in magnetic flux intensity monitored R i ( x, y, z It satisfies the following expression:

[0059] (2)

[0060] No. i The change in magnetic flux intensity monitored R i ( x, y, z ) constitutes the first i Data set of magnetic flux density changes monitored R i Surface erosion, cracks, and internal defects in concrete can lead to varying degrees a reduction in magnetic material, disruption of magnetic circuit uniformity and continuity, and a significant decrease in magnetic permeability after steel reinforcement corrosion. B i ( x, y, z It is usually less than numerically. B 0 ( x, y, z This means R i ( x, y, z The value of ) is usually positive;

[0061] S6. Data Visualization:

[0062] The first i Data set of magnetic flux density changes monitored R i The data is converted into a visual heatmap, and this heatmap is then used as a texture mapping onto a 3D model of the large-volume concrete structure of the lock, thereby visually showcasing the... i The spatial distribution characteristics of the changes in magnetic induction intensity monitored; in specific implementation, the generation of the visualized heat map includes the following steps:

[0063] S601, Data normalization: Normalize the data... i Data set of magnetic flux density changes monitored R i Data in R i ( x, y, zThe normalization process is performed as shown in the following expression:

[0064] (3)

[0065] in, N i ( x , y , z )for R i ( x , y , z The data after normalization, and N i ( x , y , z The value range of ) is [0, 1]; R i ( x , y , z ) max and R i ( x , y , z ) min The first one is respectively the second one. i Data set of magnetic flux density changes monitored R i The maximum and minimum values ​​in;

[0066] S602, Color Code Design: According to N i ( x , y , z The color of each pixel on the visualized heatmap is determined based on the numerical distribution of the pixels. The color marking design of the visualized heatmap is shown in the following formula:

[0067] (4)

[0068] Among them, the color of the pixel varies N i ( x , y , z The intensity increases with the increase of the numerical value;

[0069] S603, Texture Mapping: The coordinates of each pixel on the visualized heatmap are mapped to the coordinates of the 3D model of the large-volume concrete structure of the lock. Then, the visualized heatmap is converted into a texture map and rendered onto the corresponding surface of the 3D model. This achieves the mapping of the visualized heatmap as a texture onto the 3D model of the large-volume concrete structure of the lock, thus intuitively displaying the... i Spatial distribution characteristics of the changes in magnetic induction intensity monitored in this study;

[0070] S7, Computer Vision Recognition:

[0071] A convolutional neural network model is used to establish a mapping relationship between the image features of the visualization heatmap and the erosive disease. Then, the visualization heatmap obtained in step S6 is input into the convolutional neural network model to obtain the erosive disease identification results. The erosive disease identification results include the area and depth of concrete surface erosion, the length, width and depth of concrete cracks, the type and area of ​​internal concrete defects, and the cross-sectional loss rate of steel corrosion. The erosive disease identification results are automatically marked on the visualization heatmap.

[0072] S8. Early warning of structural operation and maintenance status: An early warning is triggered based on the identification results of the corrosive defects. The early warning conditions are as follows:

[0073] Area of ​​concrete surface erosion S d Reaching more than 10% of the component's surface area, or the depth of concrete surface erosion. D d Exceeding the thickness of the concrete cover for the reinforcing steel;

[0074] Width of concrete cracks L c Greater than 0.2 mm, or the depth of concrete cracks L d Exceeding the thickness of the concrete cover for the reinforcing steel;

[0075] Area of ​​internal defects in concrete S d It reaches more than 5% of the component's surface area;

[0076] Section loss rate of steel corrosion S l Greater than 5%.

[0077] Therefore, the "gold-wrapped silver" structural design method enables the large-volume concrete structure of the lock to resist seawater erosion through the outer concrete layer, thus achieving a balance between cost and performance. By introducing a magnetic tracer medium into the outer concrete layer and treating it with surface modification and directional magnetic fields, the outer concrete layer achieves stable and directional magnetic permeability. This results in a difference in magnetic permeability between the eroded and normal areas when erosion occurs, allowing electromagnetic induction monitoring technology to detect changes in magnetic permeability caused by erosion. The monitoring system, mounted on a cable-stayed mobile trolley platform, can quickly cover the surface of the large-volume concrete structure of the lock without manual intervention, operating stably in complex environments and ensuring high efficiency and reliability of monitoring results. By employing computer vision technology to establish a mapping relationship between the image features of a visual heatmap and erosion, various indicators of erosion are automatically extracted and marked on the visual heatmap. This allows monitoring personnel to intuitively and clearly grasp the development of erosion, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods that only provide qualitative judgment or macroscopic location, and providing precise quantitative evidence for the assessment and early warning of erosion.

[0078] The above describes one or more embodiments of the present invention in a relatively specific and detailed manner, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and early warning of the operation of a large-volume concrete structure of a salt and fresh water area ship lock, characterized in that, The application is applied to ship lock mass concrete structure, including the following steps: S1, preparation of corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete: The ship lock mass concrete structure is divided into a core layer and an outer wrapping layer, the outer wrapping layer is located outside the core layer and wraps the core layer, the material of the core layer adopts conventional reinforced concrete, and the material of the outer wrapping layer adopts corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete; the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete is a magnetic material with uniform magnetic conductivity formed by uniformly dispersing ferroferric oxide particles in corrosion-resistant concrete on the basis of conventional corrosion-resistant concrete; S2, arrangement of the monitoring system: The monitoring system of the ship lock mass concrete structure comprises a cable hoist device, a cable hoist type mobile trolley platform, an excitation coil, a magnetic sensor, a temperature sensor and an information processing device; the cable hoist device is arranged on the top of the lock wall and can move horizontally along the top of the lock wall, the cable end of the cable hoist device is connected with the cable hoist type mobile trolley platform, and the vertical movement of the cable hoist type mobile trolley platform along the side surface of the lock wall can be realized by pulling or lowering the cable; the cable hoist type mobile trolley platform adopts waterproof packaging design and is provided with a pulley block, and can slide on the side surface of the lock wall or the bottom plate surface of the lock chamber; under the control of the cable hoist device, the moving range of the cable hoist type mobile trolley platform can completely cover the side surface of the lock wall; the excitation coil is carried on the cable hoist type mobile trolley platform, is used for generating a controllable magnetic field and acting on the outer wrapping layer and the reinforcement of the core layer, so as to excite an additional magnetic field in the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete; the magnetic sensor is carried on the cable hoist type mobile trolley platform, is used for collecting the magnetic induction intensity data of the additional magnetic field of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete, and synchronously recording the coordinate data corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity data; the temperature sensor is carried on the cable hoist type mobile trolley platform, is used for synchronously collecting the temperature data corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity data; S3, monitoring of magnetic induction intensity: The erosive diseases of the ship lock mass concrete structure include concrete surface erosion, concrete cracks, concrete internal defects and steel bar corrosion; the monitoring work is carried out according to the following monitoring scheme: when the ship lock mass concrete structure is completed, when the water level of the periphery of the ship lock mass concrete structure reaches the high tide level and the low tide level every day, the cable lifting type mobile trolley platform is started to traverse the side surface of the lock wall, the magnetic induction intensity data and the corresponding coordinate data and temperature data are collected, and the coordinate data is marked as B x, y, z, T ); wherein the coordinate data x, y, z ) is based on a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with a corner of the ship lock structure as the origin, x the Y axis is along the length direction of the lock wall, y the Z axis is along the height direction of the lock wall, z and the X axis is the normal direction perpendicular to the surface of the lock wall; the unit of the temperature data T is Celsius degree ℃; for the stress sensitive area and the corrosion sensitive area, the data should be collected multiple times and the average value is taken; the stress sensitive area includes the junction of the lock chamber bottom plate and the lock wall, and the corrosion sensitive area includes the splash zone and the water level fluctuation zone.​ S4, temperature correction of monitoring data: The data obtained by monitoring are temperature-corrected to obtain data of magnetic induction intensity at a standard temperature B ′( x, y, z, T ) as shown by the following equation B ( x, y, z ) wherein, T r is the standard temperature; α is a fitting coefficient determined by indoor calibration tests of the magnetic induction as a function of temperature; S5, change value of monitoring data: Before the large-volume concrete structure of the lock was put into operation, the monitored data was corrected to reference magnetic induction intensity data at standard temperature. B 0 ( x, y, z ), and constitute a reference magnetic flux density dataset. C 0 After the large-volume concrete structure of the ship lock was put into operation, the first i The data obtained from this monitoring was corrected to magnetic flux density data at standard temperature. B i ( x, y, z ), and constitute the first i Data set of magnetic induction intensity from the second monitoring C i ; relative to the reference magnetic field strength, the first i The change in magnetic flux intensity monitored R i ( x, y, z It satisfies the following expression: first i change value of the magnetic induction intensity monitored R i ( x, y, z ) constitutes a first i change value data set of the magnetic induction intensity monitored R i ; S6、Data visualization: converting the first i monitored magnetic induction intensity change value dataset R i into a visualization heat map and mapping the visualization heat map as a texture onto a three-dimensional model of the ship lock mass concrete structure, thereby intuitively exhibiting the spatial distribution characteristics of the first i monitored magnetic induction intensity change value; the generation of the visualization heat map comprises the following steps: S601, Normalization of data: normalizing data in the first i monitored magnetic induction strength change value data set R i R i ( x, y, z ) as shown in the following expression:​ wherein, N i x , y , z are R i x , y , z are data after normalization processing, and N i x , y , z have a value range of [0, 1]; R i x , y , z max and R i x , y , z min are the maximum value and the minimum value of the magnetic induction intensity change value data set of the first i R i monitoring, respectively.​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ S602, color design: according to N i ( x , y , z ) the numerical distribution of the pixel points on the visualization heat map, determine the color of each pixel point; the color marking design of the visualization heat map is as follows: wherein the color of the pixel deepens with N i ( x , y , z ) values S603, texture mapping: the coordinates of each pixel point on the visualization heat map are corresponded with the coordinates of the three-dimensional model of the ship lock mass concrete structure, then the visualization heat map is converted into a texture map and rendered to the surface of the corresponding three-dimensional model, so as to realize the texture mapping of the visualization heat map to the three-dimensional model of the ship lock mass concrete structure, and then intuitively display the spatial distribution characteristics of the monitored magnetic induction intensity change value of the ship lock mass concrete structure. i the monitored magnetic induction intensity change value. S7, computer vision identification: The mapping relationship between the image features of the visual heat map and the erosive diseases is established by using a convolutional neural network model, then the visual heat map obtained in step S6 is input into the convolutional neural network model to obtain an erosive disease identification result; the erosive disease identification result includes the area and depth of concrete surface erosion, the length, width and depth of concrete cracks, the type and area of internal defect diseases of concrete, and the cross-section loss rate of steel bar corrosion; the erosive disease identification result is automatically marked on the visual heat map; S8, early warning of structure operation and maintenance state: the early warning is triggered according to the erosive disease identification result, and the early warning conditions are as follows: area of concrete surface spalling S d more than 10% of the surface area of the member, or the depth of the concrete surface spalling D d more than the cover thickness of the reinforcement width of the concrete crack L c depth of the concrete crack L d over the cover thickness Area of concrete internal defect disease S d more than 5% of the surface area of the component; The cross-section loss rate of steel bar corrosion is greater than 5%.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the manufacturing process of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete is as follows: after surface modification of the ferroferric oxide particles with a particle size range of 100nm to 500nm, the particles are fully mixed with the base material of the corrosion-resistant concrete to ensure uniform distribution and no agglomeration; before the initial setting of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete, an external magnetic field is applied to the concrete, so that the ferroferric oxide particles are arranged along the direction of the magnetic field, thereby improving the uniformity and directionality of the magnetic permeability of the corrosion-resistant magnetic concrete.

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