Isolation circuit, electronic water pump and electric automobile

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile electronics, and provides an isolating circuit, an electronic water pump and an electric automobile. The isolation circuit comprises a communication module, a main control module, a first power supply and a second power supply, the communication module and the main control module are mutually independent, the first power supply supplies power to the communication module, the second power supply supplies power to the main control module, and the first power supply and the second power supply are mutually independent; the communication module and the main control module are connected through an isolation module; the communication module is used for receiving and processing signals, the processed signals are sent to the main control module through the isolation module, and the main control module drives corresponding functions according to the processed signals. Through the integrated design of double-module independence, double-independent power supply and exclusive isolation transmission, safe isolation, efficient cooperation and stable operation of a communication and driving system under the double voltage domains of the electric vehicle are achieved, and a reliable circuit solution is provided for cooperative work of a vehicle-mounted double-voltage-domain system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of automobile electronics and relates to an isolation circuit, an electronic water pump and an electric vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of electric vehicles, 48V platforms gradually replace 12V platforms due to power and energy efficiency advantages, but in order to be compatible with a large number of existing low-voltage devices, the vehicle forms a typical power supply architecture in which 48V and 12V dual-voltage domains coexist.

[0003] Under this architecture, the core challenge lies in the reliability of power supply isolation and signal interaction. In the existing scheme, the power supply links of the two voltage domains are often cross-multiplexed or share a single power supply. Once a short circuit or overvoltage fault occurs in a voltage domain, the abnormality is easily transmitted to another voltage domain through the power supply link, resulting in the paralysis of the entire electronic system and a serious threat to safety.

[0004] At the same time, the traditional isolation circuit has the following deficiencies in signal processing: poor adaptability of the communication module, easy distortion of the signal due to interference; poor compatibility and precision of the drive circuit of the main control module, which is difficult to meet the high requirements of the vehicle-mounted motor, and weak electromagnetic compatibility protection design, which does not meet the strict vehicle-grade standards. The signal transmission between the two domains is also susceptible to crosstalk, affecting system stability.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an isolation circuit that is independent in power supply, accurate in signal processing, reliable in isolation and fully meets the vehicle-grade requirements to ensure that the dual-voltage domains work safely and efficiently. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and an isolation circuit is proposed.

[0007] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical scheme: an isolation circuit, comprising: a communication module and a main control module, the communication module and the main control module being independent of each other; a first power supply and a second power supply, the first power supply supplying power to the communication module, and the second power supply supplying power to the main control module, wherein the first power supply and the second power supply are independent of each other; the communication module and the main control module are connected through an isolation module; the communication module is used for receiving and processing signals, and sending the processed signals to the main control module through the isolation module, and the main control module drives corresponding functions according to the processed signals.

[0008] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the communication module comprises a power supply circuit unit, a receiving signal unit and a transceiver circuit unit, the power supply circuit unit is connected with the first power supply and used for powering the communication module and performing electromagnetic compatibility processing on the communication module; The first power supply comprises a signal port used for providing at least one signal including a local area network signal, a pulse width modulation signal and a serial port signal; The receiving signal unit is used for receiving the signal provided by the first power supply and sending the signal to the transceiver circuit unit or the isolation module according to the type of the signal; The transceiver circuit unit is used for converting the signal sent by the receiving signal unit and sending the converted signal to the isolation module.

[0009] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the signal is sent to the transceiver circuit unit or the isolation module according to the type of the signal, comprising: In the case that the signal received by the receiving signal unit is a local area network signal, the local area network signal is sent to the transceiver circuit unit; In the case that the signal received by the receiving signal unit is a pulse width modulation signal, the pulse width modulation signal is sent to the isolation module.

[0010] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the main control module comprises a power supply conversion unit, a main control unit, a driving circuit and a bridge driver; The power supply conversion unit comprises an electromagnetic compatibility anti-reverse unit used for performing electromagnetic compatibility processing on the main control module; The driving circuit is a three-phase power half-bridge circuit; The main control unit controls the three-phase power half-bridge circuit through the bridge driver to drive the motor.

[0011] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the application further comprises a first voltage conversion module and a second voltage conversion module; The first voltage conversion module comprises a first voltage converter arranged between the communication module and the isolation module; The second voltage conversion module comprises a second voltage bidirectional converter arranged between the second power supply and the main control unit and arranged between the main control unit and the bridge driver.

[0012] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first voltage conversion module and the second voltage conversion module respectively process the voltages provided by the first power supply and the second power supply to convert them into the voltages required to drive the corresponding functions, including: The first voltage converter converts the 12V voltage of the first power supply to a 5V voltage; The second bidirectional voltage converter converts the 48V voltage of the second power supply to 12V voltage, or converts the 12V voltage to 48V voltage.

[0013] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the main control module further includes a sensor unit, which includes a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, and a current sensor; The voltage sensor is used to collect voltage data from the main control module; The temperature sensor is used to collect temperature data from the main control module; The current sensor is used to collect current data from the main control module.

[0014] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the isolation module adopts either an optical isolation chip or a magnetic isolation chip.

[0015] The present invention also proposes an electronic water pump, including an isolation circuit as described above.

[0016] The present invention also proposes an electric vehicle, including an electronic water pump as described above.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the isolation circuit of this invention achieves safe isolation, efficient collaboration, and stable operation of the communication and drive systems under dual voltage domains in electric vehicles through an integrated design of dual independent modules, dual independent power supplies, and dedicated isolated transmission. On the one hand, by functionally dividing the communication module and the main control module, completely isolating the dual power supplies, and providing dedicated signal transmission for the isolation module, it completely blocks fault propagation and electrical interference between different voltage domains, solving the problem of poor system stability caused by power supply crosstalk and signal interference in traditional circuits, and meeting automotive-grade safety requirements. On the other hand, through multi-type signal adaptation processing, precise three-phase power half-bridge drive, flexible bidirectional voltage conversion, full-parameter status monitoring, and electromagnetic compatibility protection, it not only broadens the signal adaptation range and operating condition adaptation capability of the circuit, but also ensures voltage matching of each component, accurate signal transmission, and controllable operating status, effectively improving the circuit's anti-interference capability, drive accuracy, and reliability. Overall, it meets the core requirements of electric vehicle on-board electronic equipment (such as electronic water pumps) for high safety, high stability, and high adaptability, providing a reliable circuit solution for the collaborative operation of on-board dual voltage domain systems. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall block diagram of an isolation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Based on the technical problems highlighted in the background, this embodiment proposes an isolation circuit, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: The communication module and the main control module are independent of each other. A first power supply and a second power supply, wherein the first power supply powers the communication module and the second power supply powers the main control module, and the first power supply and the second power supply are independent of each other; The communication module and the main control module are connected via an isolation module; The communication module is used to receive and process signals, and sends the processed signals to the main control module through the isolation module. The main control module drives the corresponding function according to the processed signals.

[0022] The communication module is responsible for receiving and forwarding external signals, while the main control module is responsible for diagnostic control, data processing, and motor drive based on the signals forwarded by the communication module. The communication module and the main control module are designed independently, which not only simplifies the circuit structure design but also allows for flexible adjustment of the parameters and functions of individual modules according to actual application scenarios, improving the adaptability and scalability of the circuit system.

[0023] In this embodiment, the first power supply and the second power supply are independent of each other. For example, the power supply can be an independent connector port, supplying power to the communication module and the main control module respectively. By setting independent power supplies, the power transmission path between the two modules is cut off. When one power supply malfunctions, it will not affect the normal operation of the other power supply, effectively avoiding cross-domain fault propagation and adapting to the architecture requirements of dual voltage domain coexistence in electric vehicles.

[0024] The communication module and the main control module are connected by an isolation module, which realizes isolated signal transmission. This not only prevents electrical interference between the two modules, but also avoids crosstalk problems during signal transmission under different voltage domains, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of signal transmission.

[0025] Preferably, the communication module includes a power supply circuit unit, a signal receiving unit, and a transceiver circuit unit. The power supply circuit unit is connected to the first power supply and is used to supply power to the communication module and handle the electromagnetic compatibility of the communication module. The first power supply includes a signal port for providing at least one of a local interconnection network signal, a pulse width modulation signal, and a serial port signal; The receiving signal unit is used to receive the signal provided by the first power supply and send it to the transceiver circuit unit or the isolation module according to the signal type. The transceiver circuit unit is used to convert the signal sent by the receiving signal unit and send the converted signal to the isolation module.

[0026] The power supply circuit unit of the communication module provides a stable power supply for the module itself and is also specifically responsible for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) processing. This effectively suppresses electromagnetic interference in the power supply circuit, improving the communication module's anti-interference capability and meeting automotive-grade EMC requirements. The signal ports of the primary power supply support multiple signal types, including Local Interconnect Network (LIN) signals, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals, and UART serial port signals. This allows the communication module to adapt to the signal interaction needs of different in-vehicle devices, improving the versatility of the isolation circuit.

[0027] The receiving signal unit sends signals to the corresponding transceiver circuit unit or isolation module according to the signal type, avoiding processing confusion caused by mixed transmission of different signal types and optimizing the signal processing flow. The transceiver circuit unit is responsible for signal conversion, such as converting external LIN signals into UART signals. The isolation circuit is responsible for transmitting received signals to the main control module, such as isolating UART signals and PWM signals for transmission to the main control module.

[0028] Preferably, the signal is transmitted to the transceiver circuit unit or the isolation module according to the signal type, including: When the signal received by the receiving signal unit is a local Internet network signal, the local Internet network signal is sent to the transceiver circuit unit. When the signal received by the receiving signal unit is a pulse width modulation signal, the pulse width modulation signal is sent to the isolation module.

[0029] This embodiment sets separate transmission paths for LIN and PWM signals. The LIN signal is converted into a UART signal by the transceiver circuit unit before transmission. The PWM signal is directly transmitted to the isolation module, which conforms to the processing characteristics of different signal types, avoids processing anomalies caused by incorrect signal transmission paths, and ensures the accuracy of signal processing. This simplifies the internal logic of the communication module, reduces circuit design complexity, and improves the real-time performance of signal transmission.

[0030] Preferably, the main control module includes a power conversion unit, a main control unit, a drive circuit, and a bridge driver; The power conversion unit includes an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) anti-reverse unit, which is used to perform EMC processing on the main control module. The drive circuit is a three-phase power half-bridge circuit; The main control unit controls the three-phase power half-bridge circuit to drive the motor through the bridge driver.

[0031] The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and reverse polarity protection unit in the power conversion unit performs EMC processing on the main control module, further enhancing the electromagnetic interference immunity of the entire isolation circuit. This ensures the main control module operates stably in complex automotive electromagnetic environments, meeting automotive-grade electrical performance requirements. The drive circuit employs a three-phase power half-bridge circuit, coupled with a bridge driver, to achieve precise motor control. Compared to a traditional drive circuit, the three-phase power half-bridge circuit provides a smoother drive power output, effectively improving motor operational stability, speed regulation accuracy, and energy efficiency, thus meeting the high-performance drive requirements of equipment such as electric vehicle electronic water pumps.

[0032] Preferably, it further includes a first voltage conversion module and a second voltage conversion module; The first voltage conversion module includes a first voltage converter, which is disposed between the communication module and the isolation module; The second voltage conversion module includes a second bidirectional voltage converter, which is disposed between the second power supply and the main control unit, and between the main control unit and the bridge driver.

[0033] The first voltage conversion module is located between the communication module and the isolation module, converting the power supply voltage of the communication module to the operating voltage adapted to the isolation module, ensuring stable operation of the isolation module. The second voltage conversion modules are located between the second power supply and the main control unit, and between the main control unit and the bridge driver. They can perform precise voltage conversion according to the operating voltage requirements of each component, providing a stable and compatible power supply to the main control unit and the bridge driver. Furthermore, their bidirectional conversion characteristics provide flexible adjustment space for the power supply link, improving the adaptability and redundancy of the power supply within the main control module. By setting up dedicated voltage conversion modules in different areas, the power supply paths for the communication, isolation links, and components within the main control module are clearly defined, avoiding power supply conflicts caused by chaotic voltage conversion links. This simplifies the design logic of the circuit power supply architecture, while ensuring the independence and stability of the power supply for each module and component, improving the collaborative working efficiency of the entire isolation circuit system.

[0034] Preferably, the first voltage conversion module and the second voltage conversion module process the voltages provided by the first power supply and the second power supply, respectively, to convert them into the voltages required to drive the corresponding functions, including: The first voltage converter converts the 12V voltage of the first power supply to a 5V voltage; The second bidirectional voltage converter converts the 48V voltage of the second power supply to 12V voltage, or converts the 12V voltage to 48V voltage.

[0035] The first voltage converter accurately converts the 12V voltage from the first power supply to 5V, adapting to the typical operating voltage requirements of automotive-grade low-voltage chips such as transceivers and isolation modules within the communication module. The second bidirectional voltage converter supports bidirectional conversion between 48V and 12V, and vice versa. On one hand, it converts the 48V high voltage from the second power supply to 12V, meeting the conventional operating voltage requirements of components such as the main control unit and bridge driver; on the other hand, it can reverse the voltage conversion, boosting the 12V voltage to 48V to meet the high-voltage power supply requirements of the main control module under special operating conditions. This bidirectional conversion function provides a fault redundancy solution for the power supply link. When a temporary power shortage occurs in a certain voltage domain, emergency power compensation can be provided through bidirectional conversion, further improving the power supply safety and overall operational reliability of the isolation circuit. The bidirectional voltage conversion feature perfectly matches the architectural requirements of electric vehicles with 48V / 12V dual voltage domains coexisting. It not only meets the voltage adaptation under normal operating conditions, but also provides technical support for emergency power supply and power allocation between the two voltage domains. Compared with unidirectional voltage conversion, it can better cope with the complex and ever-changing power supply requirements in the vehicle environment.

[0036] Preferably, the main control module further includes a sensor unit, which includes a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, and a current sensor; The voltage sensor is used to collect voltage data from the main control module; The temperature sensor is used to collect temperature data from the main control module; The current sensor is used to collect current data from the main control module.

[0037] The sensor unit integrates three types of sensors: voltage, temperature, and current. It can collect the core operating parameters of the main control module in real time. Based on the collected voltage, temperature, and current data, it can promptly detect abnormalities such as overvoltage, overtemperature, and overcurrent, facilitating the main control unit to quickly make protective responses (such as cutting off the drive and reducing power), preventing the abnormality from escalating and causing module damage or safety accidents, and further improving the reliability and safety of the circuit system.

[0038] Preferably, the isolation module uses either an optical isolation chip or a magnetic isolation chip.

[0039] Optical isolation chips or magnetic isolation chips are both automotive-grade isolation devices with excellent electrical isolation performance. They can effectively block the electrical connection between the communication module and the main control module, completely avoid electrical interference and fault propagation during signal transmission, and ensure the isolation effect.

[0040] The isolation circuit in this embodiment achieves safe isolation, efficient collaboration, and stable operation of the communication and drive systems under dual voltage domains in electric vehicles through an integrated design of dual independent modules, dual independent power supplies, and dedicated isolated transmission. On the one hand, by functionally dividing the communication module and the main control module, completely isolating the dual power supplies, and providing dedicated signal transmission for the isolation module, it completely blocks fault propagation and electrical interference between different voltage domains, solving the problem of poor system stability caused by power supply crosstalk and signal interference in traditional circuits, and meeting automotive-grade safety requirements. On the other hand, through multi-type signal adaptation processing, precise three-phase power half-bridge drive, flexible bidirectional voltage conversion, full-parameter status monitoring, and electromagnetic compatibility protection, it not only broadens the signal adaptation range and operating condition adaptation capability of the circuit, but also ensures voltage matching of each component, accurate signal transmission, and controllable operating status, effectively improving the circuit's anti-interference capability, drive accuracy, and reliability. Overall, it meets the core requirements of electric vehicle on-board electronic equipment (such as electronic water pumps) for high safety, high stability, and high adaptability, providing a reliable circuit solution for the collaborative operation of on-board dual voltage domain systems.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Furthermore, an electronic water pump is proposed, including the isolation circuit described in Embodiment 1. Applying the high-reliability isolation circuit described in Embodiment 1 to the electronic water pump achieves power supply isolation and signal isolation between the pump's internal communication and drive modules, avoiding fault propagation between the 48V drive voltage domain and the 12V communication voltage domain. Simultaneously, it improves signal transmission accuracy and anti-interference capability, ensuring long-term stable operation of the electronic water pump under automotive-grade conditions.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Furthermore, an electric vehicle is proposed, including the electronic water pump described in Example 2. As a core thermal management component of the electric vehicle, the electronic water pump, equipped with a highly reliable isolation circuit, can effectively prevent water pump failures from affecting the vehicle's electronic system. Simultaneously, it improves the thermal management control accuracy of the water pump, ensuring the heat dissipation effect of key components such as the electric vehicle's battery and motor, thus providing strong support for the safe operation of the entire vehicle.

[0045] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0046] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. The terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0048] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An isolation circuit, characterized in that, include: The communication module and the main control module are independent of each other. A first power supply and a second power supply, wherein the first power supply powers the communication module and the second power supply powers the main control module, and the first power supply and the second power supply are independent of each other; The communication module and the main control module are connected via an isolation module; The communication module is used to receive and process signals, and sends the processed signals to the main control module through the isolation module. The main control module drives the corresponding function according to the processed signals.

2. The isolation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module includes a power supply circuit unit, a signal receiving unit, and a transceiver circuit unit. The power supply circuit unit is connected to the first power supply and is used to supply power to the communication module and handle the electromagnetic compatibility of the communication module. The first power supply includes a signal port for providing at least one of a local interconnection network signal, a pulse width modulation signal, and a serial port signal; The receiving signal unit is used to receive the signal provided by the first power supply and send it to the transceiver circuit unit or the isolation module according to the signal type. The transceiver circuit unit is used to convert the signal sent by the receiving signal unit and send the converted signal to the isolation module.

3. An isolation circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, According to the signal type, the signal is sent to the transceiver circuit unit or the isolation module, including: When the signal received by the receiving signal unit is a local Internet network signal, the local Internet network signal is sent to the transceiver circuit unit. When the signal received by the receiving signal unit is a pulse width modulation signal, the pulse width modulation signal is sent to the isolation module.

4. An isolation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module includes a power conversion unit, a main control unit, a drive circuit, and a bridge driver; The power conversion unit includes an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) anti-reverse unit, which is used to perform EMC processing on the main control module. The drive circuit is a three-phase power half-bridge circuit; The main control unit controls the three-phase power half-bridge circuit to drive the motor through the bridge driver.

5. An isolation circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a first voltage conversion module and a second voltage conversion module; The first voltage conversion module includes a first voltage converter, which is disposed between the communication module and the isolation module; The second voltage conversion module includes a second bidirectional voltage converter, which is disposed between the second power supply and the main control unit, and between the main control unit and the bridge driver.

6. An isolation circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first voltage conversion module and the second voltage conversion module respectively process the voltages provided by the first power supply and the second power supply to convert them into the voltages required to drive the corresponding functions, including: The first voltage converter converts the 12V voltage of the first power supply to a 5V voltage; The second bidirectional voltage converter converts the 48V voltage of the second power supply to 12V voltage, or converts the 12V voltage to 48V voltage.

7. An isolation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module also includes a sensor unit, which includes a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, and a current sensor. The voltage sensor is used to collect voltage data from the main control module; The temperature sensor is used to collect temperature data from the main control module; The current sensor is used to collect current data from the main control module.

8. An isolation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation module uses either an optical isolation chip or a magnetic isolation chip.

9. An electronic water pump, characterized in that, Including an isolation circuit as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, Including the electronic water pump as described in claim 9.

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