Water film isolation device and wet dust removal and dehydration system using same

Abstract

The invention provides a water film isolation device and a wet dust removal and dehydration system applying the water film isolation device, the water film isolation device comprises a plurality of water film isolation units which are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of a conveying pipeline, each water film isolation unit is provided with a central spraying piece and a water distribution branch pipe, the central spraying piece sprays spraying liquid to the pipe wall from the center of the pipeline so as to form a water mist cone for pre-dedusting the dust-containing steam flow and form a tubular water film on the pipe wall at the same time; the water film isolation units jointly maintain a basically continuous tubular water film on the pipe wall, dust and the pipe wall are continuously isolated, and attachment and blockage are avoided from the source. The water film isolation device is applied to a wet dust removal and dehydration system, the problem of blockage of a conveying pipeline and subsequent equipment can be effectively solved, the system load is reduced, and the overall dust removal and dehydration efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wet dust removal technology, and in particular to a water film isolation device and a wet dust removal and dehydration system using the device. Background Technology

[0002] When high-temperature molten slag is cooled by water quenching, a large amount of steam is generated due to thermal expansion and contraction. At the same time, tiny particles in the slag (such as metal oxides and refractory material spallings) are carried out by the steam, forming a dust-laden steam stream. Dust removal is required to meet standards before it can be discharged.

[0003] Wet dust removal technology is widely used to remove dust from dust-laden steam streams. It mainly adopts a combination of spray tower and dehydrator. The spray tower removes dust through countercurrent gas-liquid contact, while the dehydrator removes water through inertia, centrifugal force or gravity, preventing water from being discharged with the purified gas and causing secondary pollution.

[0004] In the dust-laden steam stream generated by water quenching of steel slag, free calcium (CaO) reacts with moisture to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), which is far more viscous than ordinary dust. This easily forms a dense scale layer on the inner wall of pipes and causes blockages in downstream spray towers. The quicklime dust (CaO) from the sintering process also has high hygroscopicity, exacerbating the risk of blockage. This blockage can lead to drawbacks such as reduced dust removal efficiency, increased system energy consumption, and potential safety hazards.

[0005] It should be noted that the above description of the background technology is only for the purpose of providing a clear and complete explanation of the technical solutions of this application and facilitating understanding by those skilled in the art. It should not be assumed that these technical solutions are known to those skilled in the art simply because they have been described in the background technology section of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to solve the problem in wet dust removal and dehydration systems where gas containing high-humidity, high-viscosity dust tends to adhere to the pipe wall and block the conveying pipeline during the transportation process.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a water film isolation device applied to a conveying pipeline carrying dust-laden vapor, comprising a plurality of water film isolation units arranged along the extension direction of the conveying pipeline, wherein the plurality of water film isolation units are arranged at intervals, and each water film isolation unit includes:

[0008] A central spray element is configured to spray spray liquid from the center of the conveying pipe towards the pipe wall; the spray liquid diffuses to the pipe wall in the form of a water mist cone, forming an annular water film on the pipe wall, and the annular water film flows along the pipe wall at a controllable distance to form an independent tubular water film unit; multiple sets of the tubular water film units formed by the water film isolation units are interconnected to form a continuous tubular water film on the pipe wall to continuously isolate dust in the conveyed gas from the pipe wall;

[0009] A water distribution branch pipe extends from the outside of the conveying pipe into the inside of the conveying pipe and supplies water to the central spray unit.

[0010] As a further improvement of this application, the central spray component is configured with a conical flow guiding structure. The top of the flow guiding structure is connected to the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe. The spray liquid sprayed from the extension end is guided along the flow guiding structure and diffuses towards the pipe wall in a conical shape, forming the water mist cone during the diffusion process.

[0011] As a further improvement of this application, the water distribution branch pipe is connected to the water distribution main pipe located outside the conveying pipeline, and the water is uniformly distributed by the water distribution main pipe; the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe extends to the axis position of the conveying pipeline and forms a first extension, the first extension extends along the axis of the conveying pipeline, and the extension direction is in the same direction as the steam flow direction inside the conveying pipeline.

[0012] The central spray element is coaxially connected to the end of the first extension.

[0013] As a further improvement of this application, the water film isolation device includes an end water film isolation unit configured at the steam inlet of the conveying pipe. The end water film isolation unit is further configured with a second extension connected to the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe and a central spray member coaxially connected to the end of the second extension. The second extension extends along the axis of the conveying pipe and the extension direction is opposite to the steam flow direction in the conveying pipe. The spray liquid ejected from the central spray member is configured to spray onto the pipe wall of the steam inlet so as to form the water mist cone and the tubular water film at the initial stage when the dust-laden steam flow enters the conveying pipe.

[0014] A baffle plate is protruding from the bottom of the pipe wall at the steam inlet.

[0015] As a further improvement of this application, the end water film isolation unit further includes a third extension connected to the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe, the third extension being provided with a spray nozzle that sprays towards the bottom of the pipe wall near the steam inlet.

[0016] As a further improvement of this application, the conveying pipeline includes a steam inlet and a steam outlet, wherein the steam inlet is configured to be higher than the steam outlet.

[0017] The steam inlet is connected to the equipment located upstream of the conveying pipeline using a straight-in connection without transition bends.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a wet dust removal and dehydration system, including a spray tower for spraying dust-laden steam flow for dust removal, a conveying pipe for conveying dust-laden steam flow to the spray tower, and a dehydration tower for dehydrating the steam after spraying dust removal, wherein the aforementioned water film isolation device is provided along the extension direction of the conveying pipe.

[0019] As a further improvement of this application, the dust-laden steam collected from each dust collection point flows through its respective conveying branch pipe into the conveying main pipe, and is then conveyed by the conveying main pipe to the spray tower for spray dust removal. After entering the dehydration tower for deep dehydration, the qualified gas is discharged into the higher layer of air by the exhaust stack. The induced draft fan is installed in the conveying pipe between the dehydration tower and the exhaust stack. At the same time, a water recycling system is constructed to discharge the dust-laden wastewater collected in the spray tower and the dehydration tower into a sedimentation tank. After being cooled and clarified in the sedimentation tank, the supernatant is reused as process water for the wet dust removal and dehydration system.

[0020] As a further improvement of this application, the connection port between the conveying pipe and the spray tower is located at a low side of the spray tower, and the sewage generated by the conveying pipe is guided along the inner wall of the conveying pipe and the spray tower to the first sewage collection device located at the bottom of the spray tower.

[0021] The spray tower is configured from bottom to top with a rectifier washing zone, a spray washing zone, and a dehydration and demisting zone.

[0022] The rectifier washing zone is configured with a fine liquid mist generator and a jet rectifier from bottom to top. The fine liquid mist generator produces micro-atomized particles that come into full contact with the dust-laden water mist particles, causing the dust-laden water mist particles to condense and increase in weight. The liquid film formed by the jet rectifier layer captures the increased dust-laden water mist particles.

[0023] The spray washing area is equipped with a multi-stage water mist generating device, and the water mist generating device is equipped with at least two atomizing mechanisms that can produce water droplet groups of different particle sizes.

[0024] The dehydration and demisting zone is configured with multiple dehydration layers. Each dehydration layer is equipped with dehydration plates arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction. The dehydration plates in each dehydration layer are configured with differentiated inclined installation and differentiated spacing to form a dynamic airflow channel. Based on the inclined dehydration plates, each dehydration plate is configured with an upward droplet collection and a downward droplet collection dual path for dehydration separation.

[0025] As a further improvement of this application, the dehydration tower has a cylindrical structure, the air outlet of the dehydration tower is located at the top of the tower body, and a cylindrical central airflow channel is provided directly below the air outlet of the dehydration tower.

[0026] Multiple arc-shaped baffles are constructed between the central airflow channel and the tower body. The baffles extend longitudinally and are arranged at radial intervals. They are coaxial with both the central airflow channel and the tower body. The intervals between adjacent baffles form a vortex channel, and the baffles are equally spaced radially.

[0027] Based on the bottom end of the central airflow channel, the bottom ends of the partitions arranged radially gradually decrease from the inside to the outside.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0029] The wet dust removal and isolation device provided in this application constructs a water film isolation unit in two forms: a water mist cone and a tubular water film, targeting the conveying pipeline of dust-laden gas. The tubular water film completely covers the inner wall of the conveying pipeline, preventing high-humidity and high-viscosity dust from directly contacting the pipe wall. Through the "isolation effect" of the water film, dust is prevented from adhering to and depositing on the pipe wall and subsequent equipment (such as spray towers and dehydration towers) at the source, completely avoiding the risk of pipeline blockage caused by dust accumulation. While constructing the tubular water film, spray liquid is sprayed from the center of the conveying pipeline towards the pipe wall. The spray liquid diffuses to the pipe wall in the form of a water mist cone, and the water mist cone initially intercepts and separates the dust-laden gas flow, removing some dust in advance. The dust concentration in the dust-laden gas flow after pre-dust removal is reduced, significantly reducing the load on subsequent processing equipment, and realizing the dual function of "pre-dust removal + load sharing".

[0030] This application also provides a wet dust removal and dewatering system that uses the water film isolation device to solve the blockage of the conveying pipes and spray towers in the wet dust removal and dewatering system, reduce the processing load of the spray tower, and improve the dust removal and dewatering efficiency of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a water film isolation device installed inside a delivery pipeline;

[0032] Figure 2 For based on Figure 1The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the water film isolation device constructed by spraying liquid inside the delivery pipeline.

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the connection of tubular water film units to form a tubular water film;

[0034] Figure 4 A process flow diagram of a wet dust removal and dehydration system provided in this application embodiment;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of a wet dust removal and dehydration system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray tower provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dehydration tower provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 For along Figure 7 A cross-sectional view along line AA in the middle.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 10-Transportation pipeline, 101-Steam inlet, 102-Steam outlet, 103-Pipe wall, 104-Water baffle;

[0041] 20-Water film isolation unit, 200-Water film isolation unit, 201-First water film isolation unit, 202-Second water film isolation unit, 203-End water film isolation unit, 21-Central spray element, 21′-End spray element, 220-Main water distribution pipe, 22-Branch water distribution pipe, 221-First extension, 222-Second extension, 223-End nozzle, 23-Spray liquid, 230-Annular water film, 231-Water mist cone, 232-Tube water film unit, 2320-Tube water film, a-Vacuum flow direction;

[0042] 30-Spray tower, 301-Steam inlet of spray tower, 302-Inner wall of spray tower, 31-Rectifying and washing zone, 311-Fine liquid mist generator, 312-Jet rectifying layer, 32-Spray washing zone, 321-Water mist generator, 33-Dehydration and demisting zone, 330-Dehydration layer, 34-First sewage collection device;

[0043] 40-Dehydration tower, 41-Tower body, 42-Baffle plate, 43-Second sewage collection device, 401-Steam inlet of dehydration tower, 402-Swirl channel, 403-Central airflow channel, 404-Steam outlet of dehydration tower;

[0044] 50 - Exhaust fan;

[0045] 60 - exhaust stack. Specific embodiments

[0046] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that these embodiments are not limitations on the present application, and any equivalent transformation or substitution in terms of function, method, or structure made by those of ordinary skill in the art based on these embodiments shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0047] Refer Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a water film isolation device 20, which is applied to the conveying pipeline 10 of the dusty airflow.

[0048] The conveying pipeline 10 includes an inlet 101 and an outlet 102. The dusty airflow enters through the inlet 101 and flows towards the direction where the outlet 102 is located. Figure 1 The direction of the dusty airflow flowing in the conveying pipeline 10 is indicated by an arrow a, and is defined as the airflow direction a.

[0049] The water film isolation device 20 constructed within the conveying pipeline 10 includes a plurality of water film isolation units 200 arranged along the extension direction of the conveying pipeline 10. Each water film isolation unit 200 is equipped with a central spraying member 21 and a water distribution branch pipe 22 for supplying water to the central spraying member 21.

[0050] A water distribution main pipe 220 is arranged outside the conveying pipeline 10, and the extension direction of the water distribution main pipe 220 is preferably set to be synchronous with the extension direction of the conveying pipeline 10. The water distribution branch pipes 22 are connected to the water distribution main pipe 220 at intervals along the extension direction of the water distribution main pipe 220, so as to ensure stable water supply for each water distribution branch pipe 22 and facilitate centralized control.

[0051] The outer end of the water distribution branch pipe 22 is connected to the water distribution main pipe 220, then penetrates from the outside of the conveying pipeline 10 to the inside of the conveying pipeline 10, and the extended end of the water distribution branch pipe 22 is connected to the central spraying member 21. After the spraying liquid 23 is distributed from the water distribution main pipe 220 to the water distribution branch pipes 22 and drained to the central area inside the conveying pipeline 10 through the water distribution branch pipes 22, it is sprayed by the central spraying member 21 towards the pipe wall 103 (i.e., the inner wall surface of the conveying pipeline 10).

[0052] Combined Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the water film isolation unit 200 provided by the present application, the morphological structure and its structural principle of the spraying liquid 23 are as follows:

[0053] After the spray liquid 23 is sprayed from the center of the delivery pipe 10, it diffuses in a cone shape towards the pipe wall 103. That is, during the process of spraying from the center to the pipe wall 103, it first forms the first shape—a water mist cone 231. In some embodiments, the central spray element 21 is equipped with a cone-shaped guide structure 211. The top of the guide structure 211 is connected to the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe 22. For example, the connection between the guide structure 211 and the water distribution branch pipe 22 can be achieved by welding, threaded connection, or snap-fit ​​connection. After the spray liquid 23 sprayed from the outlet of the extension end is guided along the guide structure 211, it diffuses in a cone shape towards the pipe wall 23, forming a water mist cone 231 during the diffusion process.

[0054] By arranging multiple water mist cones 231 at intervals along the steam flow direction a, and using liquid film collection technology, some dust in the dust-laden steam flow is removed, enabling the conveying pipeline 10 to have a certain pre-dust removal capability. This not only improves the dust removal efficiency of the entire system but also helps to reduce the processing load of downstream equipment.

[0055] When the water mist cone 231 diffuses to the pipe wall 103, it forms an annular water film 230 on the pipe wall 103. The annular water film 230 isolates the dust in the dust-laden steam flow flowing in the steam flow direction a in the conveying pipe 10 from the pipe wall 103, thus preventing the high-humidity, high-viscosity dust from adhering to and depositing on the pipe wall 103.

[0056] Dust-laden gas flows along the gas flow direction a inside the conveying pipe 10, generating a driving force (similar in principle to wind power), which pushes the annular water film 230 along the gas flow direction a, so that the annular water film 230 flows forward along the pipe wall 103 for a certain distance, forming the second form—the tubular water film unit 232.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the steam inlet 101 of the conveying pipe 10 is configured to be higher than the steam outlet 102, so that the annular water film 230 can flow towards the side of the steam outlet 102 under the action of gravity (in the same direction as the steam flow direction a), thus avoiding the annular water film 230 from failing to isolate due to backflow caused by gravity.

[0058] However, the annular water film 230 is affected by various factors such as gravity and airflow propulsion, and its shape disappears after flowing forward a certain distance. To solve this problem, the design requires that a new tubular water film unit 232 be formed by the central spray element 21 at the front before the annular water film 230 disappears, achieving a "seamless connection" of the tubular water film. Through the continuous spraying of multiple central spray elements 21 arranged at intervals, the tubular water film units 232 are connected to each other on the pipe wall 103, ultimately forming a continuous tubular water film 2320, thereby achieving continuous isolation between the dust-laden airflow and the pipe wall 103.

[0059] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3The diagram schematically depicts a first water film isolation unit 201 and a second water film isolation unit 202 arranged at intervals along the airflow direction a. Water mist cones 231 formed by the first water film isolation unit 201 and the second water film isolation unit 202 respectively form two conical "water mist walls" against the dust-laden airflow in the airflow direction a, removing part of the dust from the dust-laden airflow through liquid film collection technology. Tubular water film units 232, constructed by the first water film isolation unit 201 and the second water film isolation unit 202 respectively, are connected to each other on the pipe wall 103, achieving complete isolation between the dust in the dust-laden airflow and the pipe wall 103 within their coverage area.

[0060] The water output and spacing of the central spray element 21 are key to forming a continuous tubular water film 232. In specific applications, the design needs to be matched according to the properties of the dust-laden airflow (such as dust concentration and particle size) and the diameter of the conveying pipe 10 to ensure that the water film is connected without any breaks.

[0061] In some embodiments, the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe 22 penetrates the conveying pipe 10, extends radially to the axial position, and bends radially to axially to form a first extension 221. The first extension 221 extends along the axis of the conveying pipe 10 and is arranged in the same direction as the steam flow direction a. The central spray element 21 is coaxially connected to the end of the first extension 221 to achieve axial spraying.

[0062] Furthermore, an end water film isolation unit 203 is configured at the steam inlet 101 of the conveying pipeline 10. The end water film isolation unit 203 is also provided with a second extension 222 and an end spray member 21'. The second extension 222 is connected to the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe 22. It extends along the axis of the conveying pipeline 10 and is arranged in the opposite direction to the steam flow direction a. The end spray member 21' is coaxially connected to the end of the second extension 222. The spray liquid ejected from it is configured to spray onto the pipe wall of the steam inlet 101. At the initial stage when the dust-laden steam flow enters the conveying pipeline 10, a water mist cone 231 and a tubular water film unit 232 are constructed.

[0063] To prevent the spray liquid from entering the upstream equipment connected to the conveying pipeline 10, a baffle plate 104 is protruding at the bottom of the pipe wall 103 at the steam inlet 101 to prevent the spray liquid from flowing back.

[0064] When dust-laden steam initially enters the conveying pipe 10, its humidity and viscosity are at their highest, making the pipe wall at the steam inlet 101 the most prone to clogging. To achieve a better isolation effect, the end water film isolation unit 203 is equipped with a third extension 223, which is connected to the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe 22. The third extension 223 is equipped with a spray nozzle, which sprays towards the bottom of the pipe wall 103 near the steam inlet 101, thereby enhancing the initial isolation effect through enhanced spraying.

[0065] If there is a transition elbow at the connection between the conveying pipeline 10 and the previous equipment, it will cause isolation failure. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is preferred that the conveying pipeline 10 and the previous equipment adopt a direct insertion connection method (without a transition elbow) to ensure the isolation effect.

[0066] The water film isolation device 20 provided by this application is applicable to gas conveying scenarios that generate gases containing highly humid and highly viscous dust in the metallurgical industry, chemical industry, food processing, waste incineration, etc., and can solve the problems of "dust is easy to adhere and the pressure of the backend equipment is large" in traditional wet dust removal systems.

[0067] The dust-containing steam flow is a product common in high-temperature treatment scenarios such as steel slag treatment, coal-fired boilers, and industrial heating, where high-temperature steam is used as a medium to carry dust generated by combustion or reaction.

[0068] This application also provides a wet dust removal and dehydration system, which is particularly suitable for treating this kind of dust-containing steam flow. The process flow is as follows: Figure 4 As shown: The dust-containing steam flows collected by each dust collection point are汇 into the main pipeline through their respective branch pipelines, and are discharged from the main pipeline into the spray tower for spray dust removal and dehydration. After deep dehydration is completed through an independent dehydration tower, the qualified gas after dust removal and dehydration is discharged into the air at a higher level through the exhaust chimney.

[0069] Refer to Figure 5 As shown, a structural layout schematic diagram of a wet dust removal and dehydration system provided by this application includes a conveying pipeline 10, a spray tower 30, a dehydration tower 40, a blower 50, and an exhaust chimney 60 connected in sequence. Among them, the water film isolation device 20 provided by this application is applied to the branch pipelines and the main pipeline for conveying steam flows containing sticky dust. For this application scenario, the branch pipelines and the main pipeline for steam flows containing sticky dust correspond to the conveying pipeline 10 for the water film isolation unit 20. Under the action of the negative pressure of the blower 50, the dust-containing steam flows collected by each dust collection point are pre-dusted through the conveying pipeline 10 and then sucked into the interior of the spray tower 30 for further dust removal.

[0070] The connection port between the conveying pipeline 10 and the spray tower 30 (i.e., the exhaust port 102 of the conveying pipeline 10, which is also the steam inlet 301 of the spray tower) is arranged at the lower part of the side of the spray tower 30. The sewage generated in the conveying pipeline 10 is drained along the inner wall surfaces of the conveying pipeline 10 and the spray tower 30 to the first sewage collection device 304 located at the bottom of the spray tower 30.

[0071] The spray tower 30 is the core dust removal equipment of the wet dust removal and dehydration system. For example, refer to Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, a rectifying washing area 31, a spray washing area 32, and a dehydration and demisting area 33 are sequentially arranged inside it, and efficient dust removal and gas purification are achieved through multi-stage collaborative actions.

[0072] After entering the spray tower through the steam inlet 301, the dust-laden steam first comes into contact with the downward-flowing spray liquid, undergoes preliminary washing and cooling, and then flows upward to the rectifier washing zone 31.

[0073] The rectifying and washing zone 31 is configured from bottom to top with a fine liquid mist generator 311 and a jet rectifier layer 312. The fine liquid mist generator 311 is used to generate micro-atomized particles with atomization characteristics that meet the following requirements: Dv0.50 (50% volume droplet diameter) is less than 200 μm, and Dv0.99 (99% volume droplet diameter) is less than 400 μm. These micro-atomized particles (e.g., 1-10 μm) can more fully combine with dust, and through inertial collision, interception, and Brownian motion adsorption, they can rapidly humidify and cool down the dust-laden vapor flow and pre-rectify the dust-laden water mist particles, promoting their agglomeration and weight gain.

[0074] A high-efficiency jet rectifier layer 312 is installed at a certain distance above the fine liquid mist generator 311. The liquid stream sprayed and condensed from above the jet rectifier layer 312 undergoes inertial collision, interception, and secondary condensation with the rising dust-laden steam stream, forming a dynamically stable "foam layer" on the surface of the jet rectifier layer 312. The "foam layer" has a large gas-liquid contact interface. When the dust-laden steam stream passes through, dust particles are captured by the liquid film, achieving deep washing and rectification. At the same time, the turbulence effect of the "foam layer" further enhances the gas-liquid mixing efficiency.

[0075] The dust-laden steam stream, after rectification and washing, continues to flow upwards into the spray washing zone 32. A multi-stage water mist generator 321 is installed within the spray washing zone 32. This device employs a multi-layered arrangement of water mist spray guns; for example, the spray guns are arranged in a matrix, capable of covering the entire radial cross-section through matrix spraying. Fine liquid mist spray guns can also be appropriately added to the water mist spray guns to inject water droplet clusters of different particle sizes. The water mist generator 321 produces relatively large atomized particles with atomization characteristics satisfying Dv0.9 (90% volume droplet diameter) less than 1 mm, for example, producing water droplets with an average particle size of 800 μm, achieving uniform and dense water mist spraying. When the dust-laden steam stream passes through the spray washing zone 32, the collision and agglomeration between dust particles and droplets are significantly enhanced, causing dust particles to fall with the droplets, further purifying the dust-laden steam stream.

[0076] The dehydration and demisting zone 33, as a key purification unit at the top of the spray tower 30, employs a non-powered variable flow dehydration technology. Through a multi-layered composite dehydration structure, it efficiently intercepts fine droplets (typically less than 10μm in diameter) that are difficult to settle naturally in the dust-laden steam flow, significantly improving dust removal and dehydration efficiency. This zone consists of multiple gradient dehydration layers 330, each equipped with dehydration plates arranged at horizontal intervals. These plates are installed at an angle (adjustable from 15° to 45°), and a dynamic airflow channel is formed through a differentiated spacing design (50-200mm).

[0077] In some implementations, the dehydration mechanism achieves dual-path separation, including:

[0078] Upward droplet collection: Dust-laden steam flows upward onto the dehydration surface of the irregularly shaped dehydration plate, leaving small water droplets on the surface. A small portion of these droplets move upward along the dehydration surface under the influence of airflow (wind). As they move to the upper water receiving tank, they accumulate more and more. Because the dehydration plate is installed at an angle, when the water droplets accumulate to a certain extent, the water flows down the upper water receiving tank towards the lower end of the dehydration plate. When the water reaches the bottom of the dehydration layer 330 and contacts the inner wall 302 of the spray tower, it flows downward along the inner wall 302 of the spray tower.

[0079] Downward droplet aggregation: Tiny droplets remaining on the dehydration surface continuously collide and coalesce through Brownian motion. When the droplet size increases to a critical value (approximately 200 μm), they fall directly into the lower water tank under the influence of gravity. This process follows Stokes' law of settling, where the droplet settling velocity is proportional to the square of the droplet size, ensuring efficient dehydration. When the water in the lower water tank reaches a certain level, it flows down the lower water tank towards the bottom of the dehydration plate. When it reaches the bottom of the dehydration layer 330 and contacts the inner wall 302 of the spray tower, it flows downward along the inner wall 302.

[0080] In some implementations, an optimized fluid dynamics design is employed, including:

[0081] The dehydration plates employ a corrugated surface structure to enhance the probability of droplet collision by increasing airflow turbulence (Reynolds number Re>5000). The multi-layer dehydration layers 330 adopt a gradient arrangement of "sparser at the top and denser at the bottom". For example, the upper dehydration plates are spaced 150mm apart (capturing large-diameter droplets), the middle layer 100mm apart (medium-diameter droplets), and the lower layer 50mm apart (micro-droplets), forming a step-by-step filtration system.

[0082] The dehydration plate's tilt angle is designed to match the airflow speed, ensuring that droplets remain on the plate surface for 0.3-0.8 seconds, meeting the time required for coalescence.

[0083] For dust-laden steam flows at different temperatures, the dehydration and demisting zone 33 adopts a differentiated design strategy, combining fluid mechanics and thermodynamics principles to achieve efficient dehydration and whitening effects.

[0084] For dust-laden steam streams with lower temperatures (e.g., after water bath dust removal in the rectifier washing zone 31 and spray washing zone 32, the gas temperature is no higher than 45°C), good dehydration and whitening (removing white smoke caused by excessive gas content in water vapor) effects can be achieved by reasonably adjusting the plate spacing and number of layers of the dehydration plates and controlling the appropriate airflow velocity. For dust-laden steam streams with higher temperatures (e.g., after water bath dust removal in the rectifier washing zone 31 and spray washing zone 32, the gas temperature is still higher than 60°C), the dehydration plates need to be equipped with a condensation function to achieve the whitening effect.

[0085] For example, in some implementations, the low-temperature (≤45℃) handling scheme is as follows:

[0086] When the dust-laden steam passes through the water bath dust removal process of the rectifier washing zone 31 and the spray washing zone 32, and the gas temperature is ≤45℃, non-condensing dehydration is achieved through the following parameter optimization:

[0087] Dehydration board configuration: Three-layer dehydration layer 330 is adopted, and the board spacing is designed according to the gradient of "sparse at the top and dense at the bottom" (150mm for the top layer, 100mm for the middle layer, and 50mm for the bottom layer);

[0088] Airflow control: Stabilize the air velocity of the dust-laden vapor flow within the range of 0.8-1.2 m / s to ensure that the droplets remain on the plate surface for ≥0.5 seconds;

[0089] Whitening mechanism: By increasing the tilt angle of the dehydration plate (25°-35°), the gravity sedimentation of droplets is enhanced, thus stabilizing the moisture content of the outlet gas at ≤80mg / m³. 3 Eliminate the visual white smoke phenomenon.

[0090] For example, in some implementations, the high-temperature condition (>60°C) handling scheme is as follows:

[0091] When the gas temperature is >60℃, a condensation function is added to the dehydration and demisting zone 33:

[0092] Condensation enhancement design: Spiral condenser tubes are embedded inside the dehydration plate, and circulating cooling water (temperature 15-20℃) is introduced;

[0093] Heat exchange optimization: The corrugated plate structure is adopted to increase the heat exchange area, so that the dust-laden steam flow can achieve a temperature drop of 30-40℃ when passing through the dehydration layer;

[0094] Whitening synergistic effect: By controlling the supersaturation of water vapor within the range of 0.8-1.2 through condensation, tiny droplets coalesce into larger droplets (particle size > 200 μm) that can settle.

[0095] Wastewater from the rectifier washing zone 31, the spray washing zone 32, and the dewatering and demisting zone 33 all eventually collects in the first wastewater collection device 34 located at the bottom of the spray tower 30. Since the first wastewater collection device 34 collects wastewater after dust removal, it is prone to clogging. To address this, the proposed solution is to use an overflow method for the first wastewater collection device 34. This results in dead zones in the water flow within the device (e.g., the four corners at the bottom of the device), which are prone to clogging. A low-level drain is installed in these dead zones to solve the clogging problem.

[0096] An accident discharge port is provided at the top of the spray tower 30. When the induced draft fan 50 operates normally, this accident discharge port is closed; when the induced draft fan 50 fails, the accident discharge valve is opened, and the steam after dust removal and pre-dewatering can be directly discharged from the accident discharge port.

[0097] As shown Figure 6 In the wet dust removal and dewatering system provided by the present application, an independent dewatering tower 40 is provided after the spray tower 30. Through the cyclone dewatering technology driven by centrifugal force, the content of free water in the flue gas is effectively reduced.

[0098] As shown Figure 7 、 Figure 8 In some embodiments, the main body of the dewatering tower 40 is cylindrical. The steam inlet 401 of the dewatering tower is arranged in the upper side area of the tower body 41, and the steam outlet 404 of the dewatering tower is arranged at the top of the tower body 41. A cylindrical central air flow channel 403 is provided directly below the steam outlet 404 of the dewatering tower, which is used to guide the air flow after cyclone dewatering to be discharged from the steam outlet 404 of the dewatering tower.

[0099] Between the central air flow channel 403 and the tower body 41, a plurality of arc-shaped partitions 42 extending longitudinally and arranged radially at intervals are constructed, and are coaxially arranged with both the central air flow channel 403 and the tower body 41. The intervals between adjacent partitions 42 form a cyclone channel 402, and the partitions 42 are equally spaced along the radial direction. The uniform diversion of the air flow is achieved through the equally spaced cyclone channels 402, so as to balance the dewatering rate of each channel and at the same time increase the gas processing capacity per unit time.

[0100] Based on the bottom end of the central air flow channel 403, the bottom ends of the partitions 42 arranged radially gradually decrease from the inside to the outside, so as to optimize the air flow distribution and dewatering efficiency. Since the dewatering efficiency is positively correlated with the dewatering area, the larger the area, the higher the efficiency. Synchronous centrifugal dewatering is carried out in the way of arranging multiple layers of coaxial partitions 42, which is equivalent to expanding the dewatering area within a limited volume, ensuring that the dewatering efficiency is not less than 85%. Moreover, the multi-layer and multi-stage cyclone dewatering method can optimize the air flow path, reduce energy loss, and balance high efficiency and energy saving.

[0101] The cyclone dewatering process driven by centrifugal force is as follows:

[0102] Air flow diversion and cyclone formation: The air flow at the steam inlet 401 of the dewatering tower is evenly diverted to each cyclone channel 402 by the equally spaced partitions 42, and the air flow generates a rotational movement under the action of centrifugal force and cyclone in the channel.

[0103] Water droplet separation and collection: During the rotation process, the water droplets are thrown to the outer partition 42 of the cyclone channel 402 under the action of centrifugal force, or after contacting the inner wall surface of the tower body 41, flow down along the tower body 41 to the bottom of the dewatering tower, and are finally collected by the second sewage collection device 43.

[0104] Airflow diversion and discharge: The dehydrated airflow is diverted through the central airflow channel 403 and finally discharged from the air outlet 404 at the top of the dehydration tower, completing the "demisting and dehydration" process.

[0105] As Figure 4 shown, the wet dust removal and dehydration system also constructs a water recycling system to achieve efficient utilization of water resources and reduction of solid waste. The water recycling system realizes the cooling, clarification and dynamic balance of the dust-containing sewage through the sedimentation tank, while taking into account the stable water level and optimization of the equipment life. The specific links and construction logics are as follows:

[0106] The dust-containing sewage collected in the first sewage collection device 34 at the bottom of the spray tower 30 and the dust-containing sewage collected in the second sewage collection device 43 at the bottom of the dehydration tower 40 are uniformly discharged to the sedimentation tank. The sedimentation tank completes the cooling and clarification process. Among them, the supernatant enters the circulation tank and is supplied by the circulation pump to the branch pipeline, main pipeline and spray tower 30 for recycling; the dust and mud are deposited at the bottom of the sedimentation tank to achieve the concentration of the ash and mud, and are regularly extracted by the slurry pump under the slag and sent to the drying yard for treatment (such as dehydration, extrusion into balls and drying for reuse), realizing the resource utilization of solid waste.

[0107] To ensure the stable water level of the sedimentation tank, continuous water replenishment (such as replenishing fresh water or process return water) is required to form a dynamic equilibrium concentration in the sedimentation tank (defined as: the amount of dust received per unit time / the process water consumption per unit time × 100%). The greater the process water consumption per unit time, the smaller the dynamic equilibrium concentration in the sedimentation tank; and the smaller the dynamic concentration, the lower the risk of wear and blockage of the water pump during operation, and the longer the life of the water pump.

[0108] The water recycling system realizes the efficient utilization of water resources and the reduction of solid waste through the closed loop of "sewage collection → sedimentation and clarification → recycling → ash and mud treatment"; at the same time, the regulation logic of the dynamic equilibrium concentration takes into account the system stability and the long-term operation life of the equipment (such as the water pump), which is the key link of "energy saving, environmental protection and cost reduction" in the wet dust removal and dehydration system.

[0109] In this wet dust removal and dehydration system, the induced draft fan 50 is arranged in the descending pipeline of the dehydration tower 40 to drive the airflow circulation through negative pressure suction. Through the negative pressure drive of the induced draft fan 50, the coordinated treatment of the series-connected spray tower 30 and dehydration tower 40 is realized, and the efficient separation of dust and free water in the flue gas is achieved. Finally, it is discharged高空排放 through the exhaust stack 60, completing the whole process of "pre-dust removal → dust removal → pre-dehydration → cyclone dehydration → high-altitude discharge" of the wet dust removal and dehydration system.

[0110] 需要注意的是,“高空排放”原文中表述不太完整,这里直接保留了中文,你可以根据实际情况补充完整准确的英文表述。The wet dust removal and dehydration system provided in this application will not experience blockage due to high-viscosity dust in the conveying pipeline 10, spray tower 30, and dehydration tower 40. After the dust-laden steam flows through a multi-stage synergistic purification process (including high-efficiency spraying and deep water bath dust removal, i.e., dehydration and whitening treatment), the system's dust reduction efficiency is ≥96%, dehydration efficiency is ≥95%, and particulate matter emission concentration is consistently below 10 mg / Nm³. 3 It fully meets the current "Integrated Emission Standard for Air Pollutants" (GB 16297-1996) and local environmental protection requirements. When the ambient temperature is above 10℃, there is no visible water mist emission at the top outlet of the exhaust stack 60, achieving the dual goals of "visually smoke-free" and ultra-low pollutant emissions.

[0111] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent implementation methods or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the art of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0112] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this application. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0113] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A water film isolation device, applied to a pipeline for conveying dust-laden vapor, characterized in that, The pipeline includes multiple water film isolation units arranged along its extension direction, with the multiple water film isolation units spaced apart. Each water film isolation unit includes: A central spray element is configured to spray spray liquid from the center of the conveying pipe toward the pipe wall to simultaneously form: a water mist cone for pre-dust removal of dust-laden airflow; and a tubular water film adhering to the pipe wall. The multiple central spray elements arranged along the extension direction of the conveying pipe work together to maintain a substantially continuous tubular water film on the pipe wall, so as to continuously isolate the dust in the conveyed gas from the pipe wall. A water distribution branch pipe extends from the outside of the conveying pipe into the inside of the conveying pipe and supplies water to the central spray unit.

2. The water film isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central spray element is equipped with a conical flow guiding structure. The top of the flow guiding structure is connected to the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe. The spray liquid sprayed from the extension end is guided along the flow guiding structure and diffuses towards the pipe wall in a conical shape, forming the water mist cone during the diffusion process.

3. The water film isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water distribution branch pipe is connected to the water distribution main pipe located outside the conveying pipeline, and the water is uniformly distributed by the water distribution main pipe; the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe extends to the axis position of the conveying pipeline and forms a first extension, the first extension extends along the axis of the conveying pipeline, and the extension direction is in the same direction as the steam flow direction inside the conveying pipeline. The central spray element is coaxially connected to the end of the first extension.

4. The water film isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water film isolation device includes an end water film isolation unit configured at the steam inlet of the conveying pipe. The end water film isolation unit is further configured with a second extension connected to the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe and a central spray element coaxially connected to the end of the second extension. The second extension extends along the axis of the conveying pipe and the extension direction is opposite to the steam flow direction in the conveying pipe. The spray liquid ejected from the central spray element is configured to spray onto the pipe wall of the steam inlet so as to form the water mist cone and the tubular water film at the initial stage when the dust-laden steam flow enters the conveying pipe. A baffle plate is protruding from the bottom of the pipe wall at the steam inlet.

5. The water film isolation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end water film isolation unit also includes a third extension connected to the extension end of the water distribution branch pipe. The third extension is equipped with a spray nozzle, which sprays towards the bottom of the pipe wall near the steam inlet.

6. The water film isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying pipeline includes a steam inlet and a steam outlet, wherein the steam inlet is configured to be higher than the steam outlet. The steam inlet is connected to the equipment located upstream of the conveying pipeline using a straight-in connection without transition bends.

7. A wet dust removal and dehydration system, characterized in that, The system includes a spray tower for spraying dust-laden steam, a conveying pipe for conveying the dust-laden steam to the spray tower, and a dehydration tower for dehydrating the steam after spraying dust removal, wherein a water film isolation device as described in any one of claims 1-6 is provided along the extension direction of the conveying pipe.

8. The wet dust removal and dewatering system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Dust-laden air collected from each dust collection point flows through its respective branch pipes into the main conveying pipe. The main conveying pipe then transports the air to the spray tower for dust removal, followed by deep dehydration in the dehydration tower. Finally, the qualified gas is discharged into higher-level air through the exhaust stack. An induced draft fan is installed in the conveying pipe between the dehydration tower and the exhaust stack. Simultaneously, a water recycling system is constructed, discharging the dust-laden wastewater collected from the spray tower and dehydration tower into a sedimentation tank. After cooling and clarification in the sedimentation tank, the supernatant is reused as process water for the wet dust removal and dehydration system.

9. The wet dust removal and dewatering system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connection port between the conveying pipe and the spray tower is located at a low side of the spray tower. The wastewater generated by the conveying pipe is guided along the inner wall of the conveying pipe and the spray tower to the first sludge collection device located at the bottom of the spray tower. The spray tower is configured from bottom to top with a rectifier washing zone, a spray washing zone, and a dehydration and demisting zone. The rectifier washing zone is configured with a fine liquid mist generator and a jet rectifier from bottom to top. The fine liquid mist generator produces micro-atomized particles that come into full contact with the dust-laden water mist particles, causing the dust-laden water mist particles to condense and increase in weight. The liquid film formed by the jet rectifier layer captures the increased dust-laden water mist particles. The spray washing area is equipped with a multi-stage water mist generating device, and the water mist generating device is equipped with at least two atomizing mechanisms that can produce water droplet groups of different particle sizes. The dehydration and demisting zone is configured with multiple dehydration layers. Each dehydration layer is equipped with dehydration plates arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction. The dehydration plates in each dehydration layer are configured with differentiated inclined installation and differentiated spacing to form a dynamic airflow channel. Based on the inclined dehydration plates, each dehydration plate is configured with an upward droplet collection and a downward droplet collection dual path for dehydration separation.

10. The wet dust removal and dewatering system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dehydration tower has a cylindrical structure, with its air outlet located at the top of the tower body. A cylindrical central airflow channel is positioned directly below the air outlet. Multiple arc-shaped baffles are constructed between the central airflow channel and the tower body. The baffles extend longitudinally and are arranged at radial intervals. They are coaxial with both the central airflow channel and the tower body. The intervals between adjacent baffles form a vortex channel, and the baffles are equally spaced radially. Based on the bottom end of the central airflow channel, the bottom ends of the partitions arranged radially gradually decrease from the inside to the outside.

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