Thermal-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling-based integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite material under laser irradiation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite material damage evaluation and performance prediction, and discloses a thermal-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling-based integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of a quartz fiber reinforced composite material under laser irradiation. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring verification data through a laser ablation experiment and an electromagnetic wave transmission test, establishing a laser damage numerical model of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material, and correcting a simulation calculation result by using the verification data; secondly, extracting features in a simulation calculation result, performing electromagnetic wave-transparent numerical calculation based on an established electromagnetic wave-transparent performance numerical model, and verifying and correcting through experimental data again; and finally, a verified integrated calculation method is formed. According to the method, organic coupling and integrated prediction from physical and chemical damage to electromagnetic performance degradation are realized, the problems of model separation, excessive geometric simplification, dependence on high-cost experiments and the like in the prior art are solved, and the prediction precision, efficiency and engineering applicability are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite material damage assessment and performance prediction technology, and in particular to an integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling. Background Technology

[0002] Glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composites are widely used in radar radomes and other radar-transmitting components in the aerospace field due to their high specific strength, corrosion resistance, and excellent wave transmission properties. During service, these components may be exposed to radiation from directed energy weapons such as high-energy lasers, leading to complex damage such as ablation, pyrolysis, and delamination. Damage to the material surface, such as ablation pits and pyrolytic carbon generated by pyrolysis, directly alters the propagation behavior of electromagnetic waves, resulting in significant degradation of wave transmission performance. Currently, the lack of predictive methods that can effectively and comprehensively correlate chemical-physical coupling damage with electromagnetic functional failure makes it difficult to rapidly and accurately assess the performance degradation of quartz fiber reinforced composite components after laser ablation, failing to meet the requirements for laser-damage resistant design and real-time, efficient, and accurate rapid damage assessment of quartz fiber reinforced composites.

[0003] Currently, one approach to laser damage assessment is to use thermo-mechanical-chemical coupled simulation to calculate laser ablation damage. This method utilizes numerical calculation software such as finite element method (FEM) to establish a constitutive model that includes heat exchange, material thermo-mechanical property degradation, and pyrolysis reactions, simulating the evolution of the temperature field, stress field, and ablation morphology of the material under laser irradiation. This method can predict the degree of physicochemical damage to materials relatively well; however, because it fails to integrate with electromagnetic analysis, this method cannot effectively apply the damage results to the analysis of wave transmission performance, and cannot quickly and quantitatively assess the impact of damage on wave transmission function.

[0004] For wave transmission performance analysis, one approach is to use electromagnetic simulation to calculate the wave transmission performance of the sample. This method involves creating a geometric model of the component in dedicated electromagnetic simulation software, setting the material's electromagnetic parameters, and calculating its scattering parameters (S-parameters). While this method can analyze the electromagnetic response under specific geometries, current calculations often focus on uniform, locally damaged geometric models and fail to achieve integrated coupling with laser ablation calculations. This prevents rapid and accurate analysis of the impact of ablation region morphology and pyrolysis product distribution on wave transmission performance. Furthermore, the damage geometric model upon which the calculations rely is usually based on assumptions or simplified experimental models, rather than a complete damage model obtained from laser ablation numerical calculations. This simplified method lacks accurate and efficient analytical methods for complex conditions where experimental testing is difficult; resulting in insufficient reliability of wave transmission performance predictions, limiting analysis to localized damage; and making it difficult to apply to practical engineering for rapid assessment of overall structural damage caused by laser ablation.

[0005] Furthermore, existing technologies commonly employ experimental testing to verify the laser ablation resistance and wave transmission properties of materials. This involves conducting laser ablation experiments on samples and measuring their wave transmission using equipment such as microwave anechoic chambers. While this method yields direct and reliable results, it is extremely costly, time-consuming, and different testing methods have varying requirements regarding the material, size, and surface condition of the samples. For certain harsh operating conditions, it is difficult to obtain accurate test results through experimental testing. Each parameter change necessitates the re-preparation of samples and re-testing, making efficient parametric research and real-time performance feedback impossible. This hinders the application of large-scale parametric studies, design optimization, and prediction of extreme operating conditions, severely limiting R&D efficiency and application scope.

[0006] In summary, current methods for damage assessment and electromagnetic transmission performance prediction of quartz fiber reinforced composites lack a real-time, integrated prediction method that couples chemical-physical damage with electromagnetic transmission performance. These methods suffer from problems such as the separation of laser damage models and electromagnetic transmission models, overly simplified electromagnetic damage model geometry, and difficulty in applying them to complex working conditions. Furthermore, experimental testing methods are time-consuming, costly, have poor repeatability, and are limited by experimental conditions. Therefore, an integrated computational method is needed that can perform real-time coupled analysis of ablation damage and electromagnetic transmission prediction. This integrated coupling improves computational accuracy, and the real-time analysis feedback capability of numerical computation methods enhances analytical efficiency, thereby providing an efficient and reliable computational tool for the evaluation and design of quartz fiber reinforced composite electromagnetic transmission components. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the following problems:

[0008] First, how to overcome the drawback of the independent laser damage model and electromagnetic wave transmission model in the existing technology, and establish an integrated calculation process that can organically link the physical-chemical damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance degradation of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation.

[0009] Second, how to solve the problem of oversimplification of damage models in existing electromagnetic simulations, and provide an integrated calculation method that uses the damage results of physical-chemical damage evolution calculations for electromagnetic simulation calculations, so as to improve the accuracy of wave transmission performance prediction and engineering applicability;

[0010] Third, how to overcome the limitations of traditional experimental methods, such as long cycle, non-real-time, high cost and limited applicable working conditions, and provide an integrated numerical calculation alternative that can make fast, real-time, low-cost and high-precision predictions for a variety of complex or extreme working conditions.

[0011] Fourth, how to construct a systematic and integrated full-process analysis method to achieve real-time quantitative assessment of laser loading, damage evolution and wave transmission performance degradation, so as to meet the dual requirements of efficiency and accuracy in damage assessment and engineering design.

[0012] An integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling was designed.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above objectives is an integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling. This method includes the following steps:

[0014] Step S1: Conduct laser ablation experiments on quartz fiber reinforced composite materials to obtain verification data related to laser ablation (during laser loading). This data includes the back surface temperature, pyrolysis product distribution, and ablation depth of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material. Step S2: Conduct electromagnetic wave transmission tests on the quartz fiber reinforced composite material to obtain verification data related to its electromagnetic wave transmission performance after damage. This data includes electromagnetic scattering S-parameters, transmittance, reflectivity, and attenuation rate after ablation. Step S3: Establish a numerical model of laser damage to the quartz fiber reinforced composite material. Perform thermo-mechanical-chemical multiphysics coupled numerical calculations using Abaqus software to obtain simulation results of laser damage. Simulate the temperature field, stress field, and ablation morphology evolution of the material under laser irradiation. Based on the verification data from Step S1, verify and modify the simulation results of laser damage to the quartz fiber reinforced composite material obtained from the thermo-mechanical-chemical multiphysics coupled numerical calculations. The modification and correction of the numerical model of laser damage of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials are completed; Step S4: Extract the features of the simulation calculation results of laser damage obtained in Step S3. The extracted features of the simulation results of laser damage include: the geometry of the ablation pit, the distribution of pyrolysis products, and the interlayer cracking, etc.; Step S5: Based on the features of the simulation calculation results of laser damage extracted in Step S4, establish a numerical model of electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials, and perform simulation calculation of electromagnetic wave transmission performance (i.e., electromagnetic wave transmission value) to obtain the electromagnetic wave transmission performance parameters of the laser damage model of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials (i.e., simulation calculation results). Then, the electromagnetic wave transmission performance parameters of the laser damage model of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials are verified and modified using the verification data of Step S2 until the two match (i.e., the simulation calculation results and verification data match each other), thereby completing the modification and correction of the numerical model of electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials, and thus obtaining the integrated calculation method; Step S6: Apply the verified integrated calculation method to various complex and extreme working conditions to realize the evaluation of the laser damage resistance performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials.

[0015] The process of obtaining verification data related to laser ablation of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials in step S1 includes:

[0016] Step S1.1: Irradiate the quartz fiber reinforced composite plate structure with a laser at a specific laser power, and control the movement of the quartz fiber reinforced composite sample by an electric platform or slide rail to simulate different ablation conditions; Step S1.2: Use thermocouples to measure the temperature change curve of the back surface of the quartz fiber reinforced composite and measure the ablation depth. Obtain the surface morphology and pyrolysis product distribution data of the ablation area by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

[0017] The process of obtaining verification data related to the electromagnetic transmission performance of the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material in step S2 includes: Step S2.1: Using the laser-damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material sample obtained in step S1, perform a transmittance test and load the quartz fiber reinforced composite material in a specific frequency band using the free space method; Step S2.2: Record the electromagnetic scattering S-parameters of the laser-damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material plate using a vector network analyzer (VNA) to obtain electromagnetic transmission test data.

[0018] The establishment and calibration process of the laser damage numerical model for quartz fiber reinforced composite materials in step S3 includes: Step S3.1: Establishing a finite element model, constructing a three-dimensional model of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material plate, setting the thermo-mechanical properties of the material, including thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio, using the DFLUX subroutine to define a laser heat flux load as a heat source applied to the surface of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material, and setting heat convection and heat radiation heat transfer boundary conditions; Step S3.2: Establishing a laser damage numerical model for quartz fiber reinforced composite materials based on the three-dimensional heat conduction equation and Arrhenius equation. The equations and three-dimensional Darcy's law are used to calculate the temperature field, pyrolysis field, material property field, and interlayer pyrolysis gas pressure. The pyrolysis field is calculated using the Arrhenius equation through the UMATHT subroutine, and the gas pressure is applied to the interlayer elements using the DLOAD subroutine. The interlayer cracking is judged based on the damage evolution using the cohesive element. Step S3.3: The calculated back surface temperature curve and ablation morphology are compared with the verification data from step S1. If the error exceeds the acceptable range, the numerical model of laser damage of quartz fiber reinforced composite material is adjusted and recalculated until the simulation results match the verification data.

[0019] The three-dimensional heat conduction equation is:

[0020]

[0021] Where ρ is density, c p Where T is the specific heat capacity, t is the temperature, k is the time, k is the thermal conductivity, and Q is the heat source term;

[0022] The Arrhenius equation is:

[0023]

[0024] Where α is the degree of pyrolysis, A is the pre-exponential factor, E is the activation energy, R is the ideal gas constant, and n is the reaction order;

[0025] The three-dimensional Darcy's law equation is:

[0026]

[0027] Where v is the gas flow rate, κ is the permeability, μ is the dynamic viscosity, and P is the pressure.

[0028] The establishment and correction process of the numerical model for the electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite material in step S5 includes: Step S5.1: Establishing a finite element model. Based on the characteristics of the simulation calculation results of laser damage extracted in step S4, a three-dimensional model of the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material plate is established. The electromagnetic parameters of the material are set, including complex permittivity, loss tangent, conductivity, and permeability. A plane electromagnetic wave is defined to be loaded onto the surface of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material, and electromagnetic boundary conditions of electric and magnetic walls are set. Step S5.2: Establishing the numerical model for the electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite material. The numerical model, based on Maxwell's equations, continuity equations, and boundary condition equations, constructs a complete mathematical model describing the interaction between electromagnetic waves and the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material structure. The model is then discretely solved using the finite-time integral method to calculate electromagnetic wave transmission performance parameters, including S-parameters, transmittance, reflectivity, and attenuation rate. Step S5.3: The calculated electromagnetic wave transmission performance parameters are compared with the verification data from step S2. If the error exceeds the acceptable range, the numerical model of the electromagnetic wave transmission performance of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material is adjusted and recalculated until the simulation results match the verification data.

[0029] The Maxwell equations are:

[0030]

[0031] Where E is the electric field strength, B is the magnetic induction intensity, H is the magnetic field strength, J is the current density, and D is the electric displacement vector; the continuity equation is:

[0032]

[0033] Where, ρ v The volume charge density;

[0034] The boundary condition equations are as follows:

[0035] .

[0036] Where n is the unit normal vector at the interface between medium 1 and medium 2, ρ s M is the surface free charge density. s J is the surface magnetic flux density. s denoted as Surface free current density.

[0037] The numerical calculation of thermo-mechanical-chemical multiphysics coupling in step S3 was implemented using Abaqus software, and the numerical calculation of electromagnetic transmission in step S5 was implemented using CST Studio Suite software.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. This invention directly converts the output results of physical-chemical damage calculation into the input geometric model for electromagnetic performance calculation, effectively overcoming the problem of independent models in the prior art, and realizing the organic correlation and integrated calculation of physical-chemical damage to electromagnetic wave transmission performance degradation of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation;

[0040] 2. This invention can effectively reflect the distribution and structural stratification of pyrolysis products according to the actual evolution law, replacing the existing technology that relies on geometric assumptions and simplified uniform approximation models, overcoming the defect of oversimplified damage models in electromagnetic numerical calculations, and improving the accuracy of wave transmission performance prediction and the engineering applicability of calculation results.

[0041] 3. The method disclosed in this invention replaces the traditional method of performance research through experimental testing. With the help of the flexibility and real-time nature of numerical calculation methods, it can quickly simulate a variety of complex and extreme working conditions that are difficult to carry out in experiments on a computer. This significantly reduces the dependence on expensive and time-consuming physical experiments, greatly reduces the evaluation cost and cycle, improves the evaluation efficiency, and expands the range of working conditions that can be evaluated.

[0042] 4. This invention connects the processes of "laser damage evolution calculation - electromagnetic wave transmission performance prediction - experimental verification and correction" to form a systematic and integrated real-time calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation, thereby simultaneously meeting the dual requirements of prediction accuracy and analysis efficiency in engineering applications. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling, as described in this invention.

[0044] Figure 2This is a comparison chart of the temperature change curves of the exposed and insulating surfaces of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material under laser irradiation predicted by the present invention and the temperature change curves of the exposed and insulating surfaces of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material under laser irradiation obtained by experimental testing.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a comparison of the frequency domain curves of the transmittance of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material in the K and Ku bands before laser damage and after laser damage, as predicted in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, such as... Figure 1-3 As shown;

[0047] The innovation of this application lies in extracting the laser ablation damage results (including the geometry of ablation pits, delamination, and distribution of pyrolysis products) obtained from damage evolution calculations (resin matrix pyrolysis, fiber melting, interlaminar cracking, etc.) in finite element software (such as Abaqus) using specific techniques, and generating a calculation model that can be used in electromagnetic simulation software (such as CST StudioSuite). This integrated calculation method, through the extraction and reconstruction of damage results, realizes the correlation between physical-chemical damage evolution calculation and electromagnetic transmission performance response, solving the problems of separation between laser damage calculation and electromagnetic transmission performance calculation in the prior art, as well as the problem of oversimplification of damage models in electromagnetic transmission calculation, fundamentally improving the accuracy and reliability of transmission performance prediction.

[0048] The innovation of this application lies in providing a calibration benchmark for the integrated simulation model through a small number of key experiments, thereby replacing time-consuming and labor-intensive pure experimental testing with a highly efficient "calibration-calculation" mode. It utilizes a limited number of laser ablation and wave transmission tests to quickly acquire key data such as damage morphology, temperature, and S-parameters, which are used to accurately calibrate parameters in the thermo-mechanical-chemical and electromagnetic simulation models. Once the model is calibrated, it can replace a large amount of subsequent experimental work. When predicting the performance of new material parameters, laser conditions, or structural dimensions, there is no need for the time-consuming sample preparation, experimental arrangement, and testing process of several weeks or even months; prediction results can be obtained in real time through numerical calculations. This significantly shortens the feedback cycle from design iteration to performance evaluation, achieving a fundamental improvement in efficiency compared to traditional experimental testing methods, and providing a practical tool for rapid evaluation and design optimization.

[0049] In the technical solution of this application, the specific steps of the integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under thermo-mechanical-electromagnetic coupling laser irradiation are as follows:

[0050] Step S1: Conduct laser ablation experiments on quartz fiber reinforced composite materials to obtain verification data such as the back surface temperature, pyrolysis product distribution, and ablation depth of the quartz fiber reinforced composite materials during the laser loading process;

[0051] Step S2: Conduct electromagnetic transmission tests on the quartz fiber reinforced composite material to obtain verification data such as electromagnetic scattering S-parameters, transmittance, reflectivity, and attenuation rate of the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material;

[0052] Step S3: Establish a numerical model of laser damage in quartz fiber reinforced composite materials, perform thermo-mechanical-chemical multiphysics coupled numerical calculations based on Abaqus software, and verify and modify the model using experimental results;

[0053] Step S4: Extract the characteristics of the laser damage calculation results of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials, especially the characteristics of ablation pit depth and size, pyrolysis product distribution, and interlayer cracking.

[0054] Step S5: Based on the characteristics of the laser damage simulation calculation results extracted in Step S4, establish a numerical model of the electromagnetic transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite material, reconstruct the damage morphology using CST software to generate an electromagnetic simulation geometric model, perform electromagnetic transmission numerical calculations, and verify and modify the model using experimental results to obtain an integrated calculation method.

[0055] Step S6: Obtain a validated and complete integrated calculation method, which can be extended to complex and extreme working conditions, providing a systematic calculation process and integrated calculation method for evaluating the laser damage resistance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials.

[0056] The process of obtaining verification data related to laser ablation of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials in step S1 includes:

[0057] Step S1.1: Use a laser at a specific laser power (e.g., 500 MHz). Irradiation was performed on a flat quartz fiber reinforced composite material structure. The movement of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material sample could be controlled by an electric platform or sliding rails to simulate different ablation conditions.

[0058] Step S1.2: Use thermocouples and other instruments to measure the temperature change curve of the back surface of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material. Measure the ablation depth and perform SEM, XRD, and other tests on the ablation results of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material to obtain data such as the surface morphology of the ablated area and the distribution of pyrolysis products.

[0059] The process of obtaining verification data related to the electromagnetic wave transmission performance of the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material in step S2 includes:

[0060] Step S2.1: The transmittance of the laser-damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material sample obtained in Step 1 is tested. Electromagnetic testing methods such as the free-space method can be used to load the quartz fiber reinforced composite material at a specific frequency band.

[0061] Step S2.2: The electromagnetic scattering S-parameters of the quartz fiber reinforced composite plate after laser damage are recorded by a vector network analyzer (VNA) to obtain electromagnetic transmission test data results.

[0062] The establishment and calibration process of the numerical model for laser damage of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials in step S3 includes:

[0063] Step S3.1: Establish a finite element model, construct a three-dimensional model of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material plate, set the thermo-mechanical properties of the material (thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc.), use the DFLUX subroutine to define a laser heat flow load as a heat source applied to the surface of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material, and set the corresponding heat transfer boundary conditions such as heat convection and heat radiation.

[0064] Step S3.2: Establish the mathematical model and numerical calculation model, mainly based on the three-dimensional heat conduction equation, the Arrhenius equation, the three-dimensional Darcy's law, and the ideal gas law. The temperature field is calculated by coupling the three-dimensional heat conduction equation. The UMATHT subroutine is used to calculate and establish the pyrolysis field of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material by coupling the Arrhenius equation, and further establishes the material property field of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material under laser irradiation. The interlaminar pyrolysis gas pressure is calculated by coupling the three-dimensional Darcy's law and the ideal gas law. The DLOAD subroutine is used to apply gas pressure to the interlaminar elements, and the cohesive element is used to judge interlaminar cracking based on damage evolution. The three-dimensional heat conduction equation, the Arrhenius equation, and the three-dimensional Darcy's law equation are specifically as follows:

[0065] The three-dimensional heat conduction equation is:

[0066]

[0067] Where ρ is density, c p Where T is the specific heat capacity, t is the temperature, k is the time, k is the thermal conductivity, and Q is the heat source term;

[0068] The Arrhenius equation is:

[0069]

[0070] Where α is the degree of pyrolysis, A is the pre-exponential factor, E is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and n is the reaction order;

[0071] The three-dimensional Darcy's law equation is:

[0072]

[0073] Where v is the gas flow rate, κ is the permeability, μ is the dynamic viscosity, and P is the pressure.

[0074] Step S3.3: Experimental verification. Compare the back surface temperature curve and final ablation morphology calculated in Step S3.2 with the corresponding data measured in Step 1. If the error exceeds the acceptable range, return to Step 3.1 to adjust the numerical calculation model and recalculate until the simulation results match the experimental results well, thus completing the model modification and correction.

[0075] The establishment and calibration process of the numerical model for the electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials in step S5 includes:

[0076] Step S5.1: Establish a finite element model. Based on the laser damage calculation results extracted in Step 4 above, establish a three-dimensional model of the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material plate, set the electromagnetic parameters of the material (complex permittivity, loss tangent, conductivity, magnetic permeability, etc.), define the plane electromagnetic wave loaded on the surface of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material, and set the corresponding electromagnetic boundary conditions such as electric walls and magnetic walls.

[0077] Step S5.2: Establish a mathematical model and numerical calculation model, mainly based on Maxwell's equations, continuity equations, structural equations, and boundary condition equations, to construct a complete mathematical model describing the interaction between electromagnetic waves and the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material structure. Maxwell's equations serve as the core governing equations, describing the fundamental laws of time-varying electromagnetic fields. The structural equations define the macroscopic electromagnetic properties of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material and its damaged region, relating constants to the electromagnetic properties of the material. The boundary condition equations are used to define the electromagnetic wave behavior at the interfaces between the quartz fiber reinforced composite material and the damaged region. Based on the above mathematical model, numerical methods of computational electromagnetics, such as the finite-time integral method, are used for discrete solution to calculate the electromagnetic transmission performance parameters (S-parameters, transmittance, reflectivity, attenuation rate, etc.) of the laser damage model of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material. The specific formulas for Maxwell's equations, continuity equations, and boundary conditions are as follows:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Step S5.3: Experimental verification. Compare the scattering S-parameters calculated in Step S5.2 with the corresponding data measured in Step S2. If the error exceeds the acceptable range, return to Step S5.1 to adjust the numerical calculation model and recalculate until the simulation results match the experimental results well, thus completing the model modification and correction.

[0082] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the phrase "comprising an element defined as..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0083] The above technical solutions only embody the preferred technical solutions of the present invention. Any modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art to certain parts thereof embody the principles of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integrated calculation of ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain verification data related to laser ablation of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials through laser ablation experiments; Step S2: Obtain verification data related to the electromagnetic transmission performance of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material after damage by conducting electromagnetic wave transmission tests on the quartz fiber reinforced composite material; Step S3: Establish a numerical model of laser damage to quartz fiber reinforced composite materials, calculate the simulation results of laser damage to quartz fiber reinforced composite materials, and correct the simulation results of laser damage to quartz fiber reinforced composite materials based on the verification data in step S1. Step S4: Extract the features of the simulation results obtained in step S3; Step S5: Based on the features of the simulation calculation results extracted in Step S4, establish a numerical model of the electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite material, calculate the electromagnetic wave transmission performance parameters of the laser damage model of quartz fiber reinforced composite material, and then correct the electromagnetic wave transmission performance parameters with the verification data of Step S2 to obtain the integrated calculation method. Step S6: Apply the integrated calculation method to different working conditions to evaluate the laser damage resistance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials.

2. The integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The process of obtaining verification data related to laser ablation of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials in step S1 includes: Step S1.1: Irradiate the quartz fiber reinforced composite material plate structure with a laser at a specific laser power, and control the movement of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material sample by an electric platform or slide rail to simulate different ablation conditions. Step S1.2: Use thermocouples to measure the temperature change curve of the back surface of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material and measure the ablation depth. Obtain the surface morphology and pyrolysis product distribution data of the ablation area by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.

3. The integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The process of obtaining verification data related to the electromagnetic wave transmission performance of the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material in step S2 includes: Step S2.1: Using the laser-damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material sample obtained in Step S1, perform wave transmittance testing, and use the free space method to load the quartz fiber reinforced composite material in a specific frequency band; Step S2.2: The electromagnetic scattering S-parameters of the quartz fiber reinforced composite plate after laser damage are recorded by a vector network analyzer to obtain electromagnetic transmission test data.

4. The integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The establishment and calibration process of the numerical model for laser damage of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials in step S3 includes: Step S3.1: Establish a finite element model, construct a three-dimensional model of the quartz fiber reinforced composite plate, set the thermo-mechanical property parameters of the material, use the DFLUX subroutine to define the laser heat flow load as a heat source to be applied to the surface of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material, and set the heat convection and heat radiation heat transfer boundary conditions. Step S3.2: Establish a numerical model of laser damage in quartz fiber reinforced composite materials. Based on the three-dimensional heat conduction equation, Arrhenius equation and three-dimensional Darcy law, calculate the temperature field, pyrolysis field, material property field and interlayer pyrolysis gas pressure. Step S3.3: Compare the calculated back surface temperature curve and ablation morphology with the verification data from step S1. If the error exceeds the acceptable range, adjust the numerical model of laser damage of quartz fiber reinforced composite material and recalculate until the simulation results match the verification data.

5. The integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The three-dimensional heat conduction equation is: ； Where ρ is density, c p Where T is the specific heat capacity, t is the temperature, k is the time, k is the thermal conductivity, and Q is the heat source term; The Arrhenius equation is: ； Where α is the degree of pyrolysis, A is the pre-exponential factor, E is the activation energy, R is the ideal gas constant, and n is the reaction order; The three-dimensional Darcy's law equation is: ； Where v is the gas flow rate, κ is the permeability, μ is the dynamic viscosity, and P is the pressure.

6. The integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The process of establishing and correcting the numerical model of the electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials in step S5 includes: Step S5.1: Establish a finite element model. Based on the features of the simulation calculation results extracted in step S4, establish a three-dimensional model of the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite plate, set the electromagnetic parameters of the material, define the plane electromagnetic wave loaded on the surface of the quartz fiber reinforced composite material, and set the electromagnetic boundary conditions of electric wall and magnetic wall. Step S5.2: Establish a numerical model of electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite material. Based on Maxwell's equations, continuity equation and boundary condition equations, construct a complete mathematical model describing the interaction between electromagnetic waves and the damaged quartz fiber reinforced composite material structure. Use the finite time-domain integration method to solve the discretized model and calculate the electromagnetic wave transmission performance parameters. Step S5.3: Compare the calculated electromagnetic wave transmission performance parameters with the verification data from step S2. If the error exceeds the acceptable range, adjust the numerical model of electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite material and recalculate until the simulation results match the verification data.

7. The integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The Maxwell equations are: ； Where E is the electric field strength, B is the magnetic induction intensity, H is the magnetic field strength, J is the current density, and D is the electric displacement vector; The continuity equation is: ； Where, ρ v The volume charge density; The boundary condition equations include the continuity conditions for the tangential components of the electric and magnetic fields. The boundary condition equations are as follows: ； Where n is the unit normal vector at the interface between medium 1 and medium 2, ρ s M is the surface free charge density. s J is the surface magnetic flux density. s denoted as Surface free current density.

8. The integrated calculation method for ablation damage and electromagnetic wave transmission performance of quartz fiber reinforced composite materials under laser irradiation based on thermo-mechanical-chemical-electromagnetic coupling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The numerical calculation of thermo-mechanical-chemical multiphysics coupling in step S3 was implemented using Abaqus software, and the numerical calculation of electromagnetic transmission in step S5 was implemented using CST Studio Suite software.

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