Self-adaptive multi-mode switching anti-seismic high-power generator

Abstract

The invention provides a self-adaptive multi-mode switching anti-seismic high-power generator, belongs to the technical field of anti-seismic generators, and solves the technical problems of poor anti-interference capability, single anti-seismic measure, separation of structure bearing and vibration control functions and the like of an existing generator. Comprising a generator shell and an excitation brush, a stator assembly and a rotor are arranged in the generator shell, a front end cover and a rear end cover are arranged on the generator shell, a damping shock absorption mechanism is arranged on the generator shell, a plurality of ball shock absorption mechanisms are arranged below the generator shell, a shock isolation base is arranged below the ball shock absorption mechanisms, and a closed annular cavity is formed in a rotating shaft of the rotor. The closed annular cavity is filled with liquid metal, and the end wall of the closed annular cavity is covered with a winding electrode. Liquid metal is used for self-adaptive on-off, working modes are automatically switched, interference resistance is high, a complete vibration suppression system is formed through a multi-stage anti-seismic structure, the bearing frame integrates the damping cavity and the damping connector, and anti-seismic is achieved while the overall rigidity is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of earthquake-resistant generator technology, and relates to an adaptive multi-mode switching high-power generator, particularly an adaptive multi-mode switching earthquake-resistant high-power generator. Background Technology

[0002] As a key power equipment, the operational reliability and stability of high-power generators under complex operating conditions, such as sudden load changes, mechanical overspeed, or earthquakes, are of paramount importance.

[0003] Currently, the excitation regulation of this type of generator mostly relies on a closed-loop system composed of electronic sensors, controllers and actuators. Although it can achieve precise control, the system is complex and has the risk of failure in strong electromagnetic interference or extreme environments. Moreover, it usually does not have a pure hardware mechanism for adaptively switching operating modes (such as soft start and overspeed braking) and instantaneous impact protection based on speed.

[0004] In terms of vibration protection, existing technologies mostly use single vibration isolation pads or simple spring dampers, which mainly suppress vibrations in a certain frequency band. Moreover, vibration reduction measures are often separated from the main structure of the generator, failing to achieve the integration of structural load-bearing and vibration dissipation functions.

[0005] Therefore, we propose an adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator. Through a liquid metal centrifugal switch inside the shaft, it achieves instantaneous hardware-level demagnetization during severe impacts, protecting the equipment. During normal operation, the operating state can be flexibly switched via external excitation adjustment, enhancing the equipment's adaptive protection capability and operational safety. It exhibits strong anti-interference and high reliability. A multi-stage system, consisting of particle damping, spatial hinged vibration reduction, nonlinear spring and damping ball isolation, and multi-layer rubber filtering, effectively attenuates high-frequency to low-frequency vibrations. Precise stator positioning and clamping ensure electromagnetic performance, and the load-bearing frame integrates damping cavities and vibration reduction interfaces, achieving excellent seismic resistance while maintaining overall rigidity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing an adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator. The technical problems to be solved by this invention are: how to achieve adaptive instantaneous safety protection of generator operating modes; and how to construct a structure that can effectively resist seismic waves at multiple levels, thereby improving the reliability, adaptability, and service life of the generator under severe operating conditions.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: An adaptive multi-mode switching vibration-resistant high-power generator includes a generator housing and an excitation brush. A junction box is located at the top of the generator housing. A stator assembly and a rotor are housed inside the generator housing, with the rotor located inside the stator assembly. A front cover and a rear cover are located on the front and rear sides of the generator housing, respectively. The rotor is rotatably positioned between the front and rear covers. The excitation brush is located inside the front cover. A damping and vibration reduction mechanism is provided on the generator housing, located below the stator assembly. Several ball-type vibration reduction mechanisms are located below the generator housing, with a vibration isolation base below each mechanism. The generator housing is filled with damping particles. A sealed annular chamber is located inside the rotor shaft, filled with liquid metal, the volume of which is smaller than the annular chamber. Winding electrodes are covered on the end walls of the sealed annular chamber. Two brush rings are located on the outer side of the rotor shaft, one of which is electrically connected to the winding electrode. One tap of the rotor winding is connected to the electrode, and the other brush ring is connected to the other tap of the rotor winding. Both brush rings are in contact with the excitation brush, which is connected to an external excitation cabinet to form an excitation circuit. When the rotor rotates, the liquid metal forms a liquid metal ring under the action of centrifugal force. The range of centrifugal force constraint on the liquid metal ring is related to the rotor speed. The normal operating speed range of the rotor is 2000-4000 r / min. When the rotor is subjected to vibration and impact, the liquid metal ring shakes. When the shaking of the liquid metal ring is within the range of centrifugal force constraint, it always maintains contact with the winding electrode. When the shaking amplitude of the liquid metal ring caused by vibration exceeds the range of centrifugal force constraint, it instantly disconnects from the winding electrode, cuts off the excitation circuit, and realizes hardware-level demagnetization protection. The excitation voltage and current are adjusted by the external excitation cabinet to adjust the excitation intensity state of the rotor and realize the switching of multiple excitation working modes.

[0008] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The liquid metal is made of gallium-indium alloy and its volume is smaller than that of a sealed annular chamber. One brush ring is electrically connected to the winding electrode, which is connected to a tap of the rotor winding. The other brush ring is connected to another tap of the rotor winding. Both brush rings are in contact with the excitation brush, which is connected to an external excitation cabinet to form an excitation circuit. When the rotor rotates, the liquid metal forms a liquid metal ring under centrifugal force. Under normal circumstances, it remains in contact with the winding electrode, maintaining the stability of the excitation circuit. When the rotor is subjected to vibration and impact, the liquid metal ring shakes. When the shaking of the liquid metal ring is within the constraint range of centrifugal force, it always remains in contact with the winding electrode. When the amplitude of the liquid metal ring caused by vibration exceeds the constraint range of centrifugal force, it instantly disconnects from the winding electrode, automatically cutting off the excitation circuit and achieving hardware-level demagnetization protection. After the vibration decreases, the liquid metal ring stands upright. This means restoring contact with the winding electrodes to prevent equipment damage. The centrifugal force constraint range of the metal liquid ring is related to the rotor speed. The normal operating speed range of the rotor is 2000-4000 r / min. By adjusting the excitation voltage and current through the external excitation cabinet, the excitation intensity state of the rotor can be changed, thereby switching different excitation working modes to adapt to diverse operating needs. At the same time, the damping particles filled inside the generator casing can absorb high-frequency vibrations, and the damping and shock absorption mechanism set below it can buffer the periodic electromagnetic force vibrations during operation. The several ball shock absorption mechanisms at the bottom and the vibration isolation base together constitute a low-frequency vibration isolation system, effectively isolating earthquake or impact disturbances from the external foundation. The front and rear covers provide stable support for the rotor. The stator assembly and rotor induce power generation, and the electrical energy is output through the junction box. The entire system works together to achieve adaptive excitation regulation and multiple anti-vibration protection in the power generation process. Meanwhile, the damping particles filling the generator casing can absorb high-frequency vibrations, and the damping and shock absorption mechanism below it can buffer the periodic electromagnetic force vibrations during operation. The several ball shock absorption mechanisms at the bottom and the seismic isolation base together constitute a low-frequency vibration isolation system, which effectively isolates earthquake or impact disturbances from the external foundation. The front and rear covers provide stable support for the rotor. The stator assembly and rotor generate electricity through induction, and the electrical energy is output through the junction box. The entire system works together to achieve adaptive excitation regulation and multiple anti-seismic protection in the power generation process.

[0009] The generator housing includes a main body with a rectangular mounting flange on the upper outer side. A junction box is located above the rectangular mounting flange. Several circumferentially distributed limiting grooves are formed on the inner side of the main body, with the length of the limiting grooves being less than the axial length of the inner ring of the generator housing. Fixing plates are provided at both the front and rear ends of the lower part of the main body. The fixing plates have an irregular shape, with the upper end of the fixing plates matching the shape of the outer side of the main body. A base plate is fixed between the lower ends of the two fixing plates. Hinges are provided on the base plate and the two fixing plates. An arc-shaped plate is provided on the lower outer side of the main body, forming an arc-shaped damping cavity between the arc-shaped plate, the main body, and the two fixing plates. Several symmetrically arranged reinforcing ribs are provided between the base plate and the arc-shaped plate, with a clearance opening between two symmetrically arranged reinforcing ribs. An inclined feeding pipe is provided on the outer side of the main body, connected to the arc-shaped damping cavity. A material injection joint is provided at the upper end of the feeding pipe.

[0010] With the above structure, the main body of the casing itself serves as the core load-bearing structure. The rectangular mounting flange on its upper outer side provides a stable mounting interface for the entire unit. The junction box on top facilitates centralized wiring. The evenly distributed circumferential limiting grooves on the inner side of the main body of the casing, with an axial length shorter than the generator housing, provide precise axial positioning and circumferential anti-rotation fixation for internal components during assembly. The irregularly shaped fixing plates at the front and rear ends of the lower part of the main body of the casing have upper ends that match the outer side of the main body of the casing to optimize stress distribution, and lower ends connected via a base plate, together forming a robust bottom support frame. The hinge seats on the fixing plates and the base plate are used to connect the subsequent shock absorption mechanism. A... The arc-shaped plate, together with the main body of the casing and the fixed plate, forms an arc-shaped damping cavity. This cavity can be filled with fluid damping material through the inclined feeding pipe on the outside and the injection joint at the upper end. During generator operation, the internal friction of the material dissipates vibration energy. To enhance the rigidity of this area, symmetrical reinforcing ribs are set between the bottom plate and the arc-shaped plate. The clearance formed between the symmetrical reinforcing ribs provides space for the passage or maintenance of other components. The casing structure of the generator housing is an integral structure formed by the main body of the casing, the front and rear fixed plates, the arc-shaped plate and the bottom plate. The arc-shaped damping cavity enclosed by the arc-shaped plate, the main body of the casing and the fixed plate is the damping functional cavity of the generator housing.

[0011] The damping particles are disposed inside the arc-shaped damping cavity. The damping particles are a mixture of fine sand and silica gel particles, and the particle size of both the fine sand and silica gel particles is less than 0.5 mm.

[0012] Using the above structure, the particles are a mixture of fine sand with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and silica gel particles, which are filled and placed inside the arc-shaped damping cavity. When the generator is running, external vibrations are transmitted to the arc-shaped damping cavity, driving the particle mixture inside the arc-shaped damping cavity to generate continuous micro-motion and mutual friction. Among them, the fine sand has a high density, which can provide inertial mass and enhance the collision and shearing effect between particles; the silica gel particles are elastic and can absorb energy during deformation and recovery, and dissipate vibration through their surface friction. After the two materials are mixed, a complex non-rigid motion system is formed under vibration excitation, which can effectively convert mechanical vibration energy into internal energy and dissipate it, thereby achieving the suppression of broadband vibration, especially high-frequency vibration.

[0013] The stator assembly includes a stator core, and a number of circumferentially distributed limiting protrusions are provided on the outer side of the stator core. The number and shape of the limiting protrusions match the limiting grooves. The rear sides of the limiting protrusions abut against the rear sides of the limiting grooves. A number of circumferentially distributed stator grooves are provided on the inner side of the stator core, and stator windings are provided on the stator grooves.

[0014] With the above structure, the stator core is matched and installed with the corresponding limiting grooves on the inner side of the generator housing through the evenly distributed limiting protrusions on the outer circumference. The rear sides of several limiting protrusions abut against the rear sides of the limiting grooves, and the front end cover abuts against the front side of the stator core, realizing the axial positioning and circumferential anti-rotation fixation of the stator core in the generator housing. This ensures the uniformity of the air gap and the concentricity of the assembly between the stator core and the rotor. Based on this precise positioning, several evenly distributed stator slots on the inner side of the stator core are used to regularly embed the stator windings. When the rotor rotates, its magnetic field cuts the stator windings, thereby inducing an electromotive force in the stator windings and completing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. The entire assembly, through the combination of mechanical limiting and electromagnetic design, provides the generator with a stable and reliable stator structural foundation and an efficient energy conversion path.

[0015] The front cover has a flange ring on its outer side and a clamping ring on its front side. The outer diameter of the clamping ring is equal to the inner diameter of the inner ring of the generator housing. The rear side of the clamping ring abuts against the front side of the stator core and several limiting protrusions. The inner rear side of the front cover and the inner front side of the rear cover are both provided with bearing mounting grooves.

[0016] With the above structure, the flange ring mates with the front end of the generator housing, providing an installation and fixing reference for the entire front cover; the outer diameter of the clamping ring is equal to the inner diameter of the inner ring of the generator housing, and during assembly, the rear side of the clamping ring directly abuts against the front side of the stator core, thereby pressing and fixing the stator assembly axially within the generator housing to prevent it from shifting during operation; at the same time, the bearing mounting grooves corresponding to the rear side inside the front cover and the front side inside the rear cover are used to precisely install the bearings supporting the rotor shaft, ensuring that the rotor rotates stably at high speed within the stator.

[0017] The damping and shock absorption mechanism includes a damping block, a second buffer spring rod, and two first buffer spring rods. One end of each first buffer spring rod is hinged to the left and right sides of the damping block, and one end of each second buffer spring rod is hinged to the lower end of the damping block. The other ends of each first buffer spring rod are hinged to the hinge seats of the two fixed plates, and the other end of each second buffer spring rod is hinged to the hinge seat of the base plate.

[0018] Using the above structure, the damping and vibration reduction mechanism, based on its spatially hinged elastic structure, achieves buffering and dissipation of multi-dimensional vibrations of the generator. The core damping block, as a mass block and inertial element, forms a multi-directional elastic constraint through two buffer spring rods (one) hinged on its left and right sides, and a buffer spring rod (two) hinged at its lower end. The other ends of the two buffer spring rods (one) are respectively hinged to the hinge seats on the fixed plates on both sides below the generator casing, mainly bearing the horizontal vibration buffering. The other end of the buffer spring rod (two) is hinged to the hinge seat on the base plate, mainly bearing the vertical vibration buffering. When the generator generates periodic electromagnetic vibrations or is subjected to external impacts during operation, the vibration energy is transmitted to each buffer spring rod through the fixed plate and the base plate, causing them to expand and contract. The energy is absorbed and stored by the spring elements inside. At the same time, the inertial motion of the damping block further dissipates the energy. The entire mechanism, through spatial hinges, allows each rod to adaptively adjust its direction when under force, thereby achieving effective attenuation of multi-directional composite vibrations and improving the stability of generator operation.

[0019] The seismic isolation base includes three mounting plates arranged sequentially from top to bottom, with buffer rubber provided between adjacent mounting plates.

[0020] Using the above structure, the vibration isolation base, based on its multi-layer vibration isolation structure, effectively isolates low-frequency vibrations and impacts from the external foundation. The vibration isolation base consists of a frame composed of three mounting plates arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Buffer rubber is installed between adjacent mounting plates. When the generator is running, the externally transmitted vibrations are first transmitted to the bottom mounting plate, where they are initially absorbed and attenuated by the compression and shear deformation of the buffer rubber. The vibration energy is further dissipated and isolated as it passes through the middle mounting plate and the second layer of buffer rubber above it, before finally being transmitted to the top mounting plate connected to the generator. This repeated layered structure of "mounting plate - buffer rubber - mounting plate" significantly reduces the vibration amplitude and energy transmitted to the generator through the step-by-step filtering effect of multiple elastic damping media, thus providing a stable low-frequency vibration isolation foundation for the entire machine.

[0021] The ball damping mechanism includes an upper baffle and a lower baffle, which are respectively fixed to the lower end of the base plate and the upper end of the mounting plate. A guide support sleeve is provided between the upper and lower baffles. Inside the guide support sleeve are two symmetrically arranged return springs. The return springs have a conical structure, with their small ends facing each other and their large ends abutting against the inner sides of the upper and lower baffles. A damping ball is provided between the small ends of the two return springs.

[0022] Using the above structure, the volleyball-shaped vibration damping mechanism, based on a composite elastic and damping structure, achieves efficient isolation and energy dissipation of low-frequency vibrations in the generator. The mechanism is fixed to the lower end of the generator base plate and the upper end of the mounting plate at the top of the vibration isolation base via upper and lower baffles, respectively, thus connecting them in series between the generator body and the foundation. Its core working component is located in the guide support sleeve between the upper and lower baffles: two symmetrically arranged, tapered return springs are installed in the sleeve, which mainly provide vertical elastic support and restoring force; while the damping ball placed between the two return springs serves as the core damping element. When external vibrations occur, the vibration energy is transmitted to the lower baffle through the uppermost mounting plate, forcing the return spring inside the guide support sleeve to compress or stretch to store and release energy. At the same time, the damping ball in the middle is squeezed, rolled, and rubbed during the reciprocating motion of the spring, converting a large amount of mechanical vibration energy into heat energy and dissipating it. The guide support sleeve ensures that the entire movement process is axial, preventing lateral instability. Finally, the residual force, after significant attenuation, is transmitted to the upper base plate through the upper baffle. This design of the conical structure gives it nonlinear stiffness characteristics, enabling it to adapt to both small vibrations and large impacts. Working in synergy with the damping ball, it significantly improves the broadband vibration suppression effect of the vibration isolation system.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, this adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator has the following advantages: 1. By filling a sealed annular chamber with liquid metal, a liquid metal ring is formed by centrifugal force as an adaptive switch. Under normal vibration, the excitation circuit remains stable, while the circuit is instantly cut off during severe impact, achieving fast and reliable hardware-level demagnetization protection. In conjunction with an external excitation cabinet, the excitation intensity can be adjusted to switch between multiple excitation operating states, improving the generator's adaptive control capability and operational safety.

[0024] 2. High-frequency vibrations are absorbed by damping particles filled in the arc-shaped damping cavity; external vibrations are buffered by the spatially hinged damping and shock absorption mechanism; low- and medium-frequency vibrations are isolated by the volleyball-like shock absorption mechanism with conical return springs and damping shock absorption balls; and the multi-layer buffer rubber structure of the vibration isolation base filters out the impact from the foundation, thus achieving effective suppression of broadband vibrations.

[0025] 3. The stator assembly is precisely positioned by the limiting protrusion and the housing limiting groove, and is axially pressed by the clamping ring of the front cover to ensure the uniformity of the electromagnetic air gap. The supporting frame composed of the generator housing, fixing plate, base plate and arc plate is not only the main load-bearing body, but also integrates the damping cavity and multiple hinge seats. Under the premise of ensuring the rigidity and stability of the overall structure, it achieves excellent seismic performance. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a side view structural diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of one side of the generator housing in this invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the generator casing in this invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the other side of the generator housing in this invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front cover structure in this invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stator assembly in this invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the damping and shock absorption mechanism in this invention.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the ball shock absorption mechanism in this invention.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the seismic isolation base in this invention.

[0037] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0038] Figure 13 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the rotor shaft in this invention.

[0039] In the diagram, 1. Front cover; 2. Rotor; 3. Damping and vibration reduction mechanism; 4. Ball damping mechanism; 5. Vibration isolation base; 6. Rear cover; 7. Generator housing; 8. Junction box; 9. Stator assembly; 10. Injection joint; 11. Main housing; 12. Limiting groove; 13. Fixing plate; 14. Reinforcing rib; 15. Feeding pipe; 16. Clearance opening; 17. Base plate; 18. Arc plate; 19. Hinge seat; 20. Flange ring; 21. Clamping ring; 22. 23. Bearing mounting slot; 24. Stator core; 25. Limiting protrusion; 26. Stator winding; 27. Stator slot; 28. Buffer spring rod one; 29. ​​Buffer spring rod two; 30. Damping block; 31. Upper baffle; 32. Lower baffle; 33. Return spring; 34. Guide support sleeve; 35. Damping shock absorber ball; 36. Mounting plate; 37. Buffer rubber; 38. Winding electrode; 39. Sealed annular chamber; 40. Liquid metal; 51. Brush ring. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0041] like Figure 1 - Figure 13As shown, this adaptive multi-mode switching anti-vibration high-power generator includes a generator housing 7 and an excitation brush. A junction box 8 is located at the upper end of the generator housing 7. A stator assembly 9 and a rotor 2 are located inside the generator housing 7. The rotor 2 is located inside the stator assembly 9. A front cover 1 and a rear cover 6 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the generator housing 7. The rotor 2 is rotatably mounted between the front cover 1 and the rear cover 6. The excitation brush is located inside the front cover 1. A damping and vibration reduction mechanism 3 is provided on the generator housing 7. The damping and vibration reduction mechanism 3 is located... Below the stator assembly 9 and below the generator housing 7, several ball damping mechanisms 4 are provided. Below the ball damping mechanisms 4, there is a vibration isolation base 5. The generator housing 7 is filled with damping particles. The rotor 2 has a sealed annular chamber 38 inside its shaft. The sealed annular chamber 38 is filled with liquid metal 39, the volume of which is smaller than that of the sealed annular chamber 38. The end walls of the sealed annular chamber 38 are covered with winding electrodes 37. Two brush rings 40 are provided on the outside of the rotor 2 shaft, one of which is a brush ring 40. Electrically connected to winding electrode 37, winding electrode 37 is connected to one tap of rotor 2 winding, and another brush ring 40 is connected to another tap of rotor 2 winding. Both brush rings 40 are in contact with excitation brushes, which are connected to an external excitation cabinet to form an excitation circuit. When rotor 2 rotates, liquid metal 39 forms a liquid metal ring under the action of centrifugal force. The centrifugal force constraint range of the liquid metal ring is related to the rotational speed of rotor 2. The normal operating speed range of rotor 2 is 2000-4000 r / min. When rotor 2 is subjected to vibration and impact, the liquid metal ring shakes. When the shaking of the liquid metal ring is within the centrifugal force constraint range, it always maintains contact with winding electrode 37. When the shaking amplitude of the liquid metal ring caused by vibration exceeds the centrifugal force constraint range, it instantly disconnects from winding electrode 37, cuts off the excitation circuit, realizes hardware-level demagnetization protection, and adjusts the excitation voltage and current through the external excitation cabinet to adjust the excitation intensity state of the rotor and realize the switching of multiple excitation working modes.

[0042] In this embodiment, the liquid metal 39 is made of gallium-indium alloy. The volume of the liquid metal 39 is one-third of the volume of the sealed annular chamber 38. One brush ring 40 is electrically connected to the winding electrode 37, which is connected to one tap of the rotor 2 winding. The other brush ring 40 is connected to another tap of the rotor 2 winding. Both brush rings 40 are in contact with the excitation brush, which is connected to an external excitation cabinet to form an excitation circuit. When the rotor 2 rotates, the liquid metal 39 forms a liquid metal ring under centrifugal force. Under normal circumstances, it remains in contact with the winding electrode 37 to maintain the stability of the excitation circuit. When the rotor 2 is subjected to vibration and impact, the liquid metal ring shakes. When the swaying is within the constraint range of centrifugal force, it always maintains contact with the winding electrode 37. When the amplitude of the metal liquid ring caused by vibration exceeds the constraint range of centrifugal force, it instantly disconnects from the winding electrode 37, automatically cuts off the excitation circuit, and realizes hardware-level demagnetization protection. After the vibration decreases, the metal liquid ring immediately resumes contact with the winding electrode to prevent equipment damage. The centrifugal force constraint range of the metal liquid ring is related to the speed of rotor 2. The normal operating speed range of rotor 2 is 2000-4000 r / min. By adjusting the excitation voltage and current through the external excitation cabinet, the excitation intensity state of rotor 2 can be changed, thereby switching different excitation working modes to adapt to diverse operating needs. Meanwhile, the damping particles filled inside the generator casing 7 can absorb high-frequency vibrations, and the damping and shock absorption mechanism 3 set below it can buffer the periodic electromagnetic force vibrations during operation. The several ball shock absorption mechanisms 4 located at the bottom and the seismic isolation base 5 together constitute a low-frequency vibration isolation system, which effectively isolates earthquake or impact disturbances from the external foundation. The front cover 1 and the rear cover 6 provide stable support for the rotor 2. The stator assembly 9 and the rotor 2 generate electricity through induction, and the electrical energy is output through the junction box 8. The entire system works together to achieve adaptive excitation regulation and multiple anti-seismic protection in the power generation process.

[0043] The generator housing 7 includes a housing body 11. A rectangular mounting flange is provided on the upper outer side of the housing body 11. A junction box 8 is located above the rectangular mounting flange. Several circumferentially distributed limiting grooves 12 are provided on the inner side of the housing body 11. The length of the limiting grooves 12 is less than the axial length of the inner ring of the housing body 11. Fixing plates 13 are provided at both the front and rear ends of the lower part of the housing body 11. The fixing plates 13 have an irregular structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part. The shape of the upper part of the fixing plate 13 matches the shape of the outer side of the housing body 11. A base plate is fixed between the lower ends of the two fixing plates 13. 17. Hinges 19 are provided on the base plate 17 and the two fixed plates 13. An arc-shaped plate 18 is provided on the lower outer side of the main body 11 of the housing. An arc-shaped damping cavity is formed between the arc-shaped plate 18, the main body 11 of the housing, and the two fixed plates 13. Several reinforcing ribs 14 are provided between the base plate 17 and the arc-shaped plate 18, and a clearance opening 16 is formed between two symmetrically arranged reinforcing ribs 14. An inclined feeding pipe 15 is provided on the outer side of the main body 11 of the housing. The feeding pipe 15 is connected to the arc-shaped damping cavity. A material injection joint 10 is provided at the upper end of the feeding pipe 15.

[0044] In this embodiment, the main body 11 of the housing itself serves as the core load-bearing structure. The rectangular mounting flange on its upper outer side provides a stable mounting interface for the entire machine. The junction box 8 on top facilitates centralized wiring. The limiting grooves 12 evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the main body 11, with their axial length shorter than that of the generator housing 7, provide precise axial positioning and circumferential anti-rotation fixation for internal components during assembly. The irregularly shaped fixing plates 13 at the front and rear ends below the main body 11 have upper ends that match the outer side of the main body 11 to optimize stress distribution, and lower ends that are connected by the base plate 17, together forming a robust bottom support frame. The hinge seats 19 on the fixing plates 13 and the base plate 17 are used to connect the subsequent shock absorption mechanism. An arc-shaped plate is provided on the lower outer side of the main body 11. 18, together with the main body 11 and the fixing plate 13, forms an arc-shaped damping cavity. This cavity can be filled with fluid damping material through the inclined feeding pipe 15 on the outside and the injection joint 10 at the upper end. During generator operation, the internal friction of the material dissipates vibration energy. To enhance the rigidity of this area, symmetrical reinforcing ribs 14 are set between the bottom plate 17 and the arc-shaped plate 18. The clearance opening 16 formed between the symmetrical reinforcing ribs provides space for the passage or maintenance of other components. The shell structure of the generator housing 7 is an integral structure formed by the main body 11, the front and rear fixing plates 13, the arc-shaped plate 18 and the bottom plate 17. The arc-shaped damping cavity enclosed by the arc-shaped plate 18, the main body 11 and the fixing plate 13 is the damping functional cavity of the generator housing 7.

[0045] The damping particles are placed inside the arc-shaped damping cavity. The damping particles are a mixture of fine sand and silica gel particles, and the particle size of both the fine sand and silica gel particles is less than 0.5 mm.

[0046] In this embodiment, the particles are a mixture of fine sand with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and silica gel particles, which are filled and placed inside the arc-shaped damping cavity. When the generator is running, external vibrations are transmitted to the arc-shaped damping cavity, causing the particle mixture inside the arc-shaped damping cavity to generate continuous micro-motion and mutual friction. Among them, the fine sand has a high density, which can provide inertial mass and enhance the collision and shearing effect between particles; the silica gel particles are elastic and can absorb energy during deformation and recovery, and dissipate vibration through surface friction. After the two materials are mixed, a complex non-rigid motion system is formed under vibration excitation, which can effectively convert mechanical vibration energy into internal energy (heat energy) and dissipate it, thereby achieving the suppression of broadband vibration, especially high-frequency vibration.

[0047] The stator assembly 9 includes a stator core 23. The outer side of the stator core 23 is provided with a number of circumferentially distributed limiting protrusions 24. The number and shape of the limiting protrusions 24 match the limiting grooves 12. The rear side of the limiting protrusions 24 abuts against the rear side of the limiting grooves 12. The inner side of the stator core 23 is provided with a number of circumferentially distributed stator grooves 26. The stator grooves 26 are provided with stator windings 25.

[0048] In this embodiment, the stator core 23 is matched and installed with the corresponding limiting grooves 12 on the inner side of the generator housing 7 by the limiting protrusions 24 evenly distributed on the outer circumference. The rear sides of several limiting protrusions 24 abut against the rear sides of the limiting grooves 12, and abut against the front side of the stator core 23 through the front end cover 1, realizing the axial positioning and circumferential anti-rotation fixation of the stator core 23 in the generator housing 7, ensuring the uniformity of the air gap and the concentricity of the assembly between the stator core 23 and the rotor 2. Based on this precise positioning, several evenly distributed stator grooves 26 are opened on the inner side of the stator core 23 for regularly embedding the stator windings 25. When the rotor 2 rotates, its magnetic field cuts the stator windings, thereby inducing an electromotive force in the stator windings 25, completing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. The entire assembly, through the combination of mechanical limiting and electromagnetic design, provides a stable and reliable stator structural foundation and an efficient energy conversion path for the generator.

[0049] A flange ring 20 is provided on the outer side of the front cover 1, and a clamping ring 21 is provided on the front side of the front cover 1. The outer diameter of the clamping ring 21 is equal to the inner diameter of the inner ring of the generator housing 7. The rear side of the clamping ring 21 abuts against the front side of the stator core 23 and several limiting protrusions 24. Bearing mounting grooves 22 are provided on the inner rear side of the front cover 1 and the inner front side of the rear cover 6.

[0050] In this embodiment, the flange ring 20 mates with the front end of the generator housing 7, providing an installation and fixing reference for the entire front end cover; the outer diameter of the clamping ring 21 is equal to the inner diameter of the inner ring of the generator housing 7, and during assembly, the rear side of the clamping ring 21 directly abuts against the front side of the stator core 23, thereby pressing and fixing the stator assembly 9 axially within the generator housing 7 to prevent it from shifting during operation; at the same time, the bearing mounting grooves 22 corresponding to the rear side inside the front end cover 1 and the front side inside the rear end cover 6 are used to precisely install the bearings supporting the rotor 2 shaft, ensuring that the rotor rotates stably at high speed within the stator.

[0051] The damping and shock absorption mechanism 3 includes a damping block 29, a second buffer spring rod 28, and two first buffer spring rods 27. One end of the two first buffer spring rods 27 is respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the damping block 29, and one end of the second buffer spring rod 28 is hinged to the lower end of the damping block 29. The other ends of the two first buffer spring rods 27 are respectively hinged to the hinge seats 19 of the two fixed plates 13, and the other end of the second buffer spring rod 28 is hinged to the hinge seat 19 of the base plate 17.

[0052] In this embodiment, the damping and vibration reduction mechanism 3, based on its spatially hinged elastic structure, achieves buffering and dissipation of multidimensional vibrations of the generator: the core damping block 29, as a mass block and inertial element, forms a multi-directional elastic constraint through two buffer spring rods 27 hinged to its left and right sides respectively, and a buffer spring rod 28 hinged at its lower end. The other ends of the two buffer spring rods 27 are respectively hinged to the hinge seats 19 of the fixing plates 13 on both sides below the generator housing 7, mainly bearing the horizontal vibration buffering; while the other end of the buffer spring rod 28... The hinge seat 19, which is hinged to the base plate 17, mainly bears the vertical vibration buffer. When the generator generates periodic electromagnetic vibration or is subjected to external impact during operation, the vibration energy is transmitted to each buffer spring rod through the fixed plate 13 and the base plate 17, causing it to extend and retract. The energy is absorbed and stored by the spring elements inside. At the same time, the inertial motion of the damping block 29 further consumes energy. The entire mechanism allows each rod to adaptively adjust its direction when under force through spatial hinge, thereby achieving effective attenuation of multi-directional composite vibration and improving the stability of generator operation.

[0053] The seismic isolation base 5 includes three mounting plates 35 arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and buffer rubber 36 is provided between two adjacent mounting plates 35.

[0054] In this embodiment, the vibration isolation base 5, based on its multi-layer vibration isolation structure, effectively isolates low-frequency vibrations and impacts from the external foundation. The vibration isolation base 5 consists of a frame composed of three mounting plates 35 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Buffer rubber 36 is provided between adjacent mounting plates 35. When the generator is running, the externally transmitted vibration is first transmitted to the bottom mounting plate, and is initially absorbed and attenuated by the compression and shear deformation of the buffer rubber 36. The vibration energy is further dissipated and isolated when passing through the middle mounting plate and the second layer of buffer rubber 36 on it, and finally transmitted to the top mounting plate connected to the generator. This repeated stacked structure of "mounting plate - buffer rubber - mounting plate" significantly reduces the vibration amplitude and energy transmitted to the generator through the step-by-step filtering effect of multiple elastic damping media, thereby providing a stable low-frequency vibration isolation foundation for the entire machine.

[0055] The ball damping mechanism 4 includes an upper baffle 30 and a lower baffle 31. The upper baffle 30 and the lower baffle 31 are respectively fixed to the lower end of the base plate 17 and the upper end of the mounting plate 35. A guide support sleeve 33 is provided between the upper baffle 30 and the lower baffle 31. Two symmetrically arranged return springs 32 are provided inside the guide support sleeve 33. The return springs 32 have a conical structure. The small ends of the two return springs 32 are arranged opposite each other. The large ends of the two return springs 32 abut against the inner sides of the upper baffle 30 and the lower baffle 31 respectively. A damping ball 34 is provided between the small ends of the two return springs 32.

[0056] In this embodiment, the volleyball-shaped damping mechanism 4 is based on a composite elastic and damping structure to achieve efficient isolation and energy dissipation of low-frequency vibrations in the generator. The mechanism is fixed to the lower end of the generator base plate 17 and the upper end of the mounting plate 35 at the uppermost end of the vibration isolation base 5 by the upper baffle 30 and the lower baffle 31, respectively, thus connecting them in series between the generator body and the foundation. Its core working component is located in the guide support sleeve 33 between the upper baffle 30 and the lower baffle 31: two symmetrically arranged, tapered return springs 32 are installed in the sleeve, which mainly provide vertical elastic support and restoring force; while the damping damping ball 34 placed between the two return springs 32 serves as the core damping element. When external vibration occurs, the vibration energy is transmitted to the lower baffle 31 through the uppermost mounting plate 35, forcing the return spring 32 inside the guide support sleeve 33 to compress or stretch to store and release energy. At the same time, the damping ball 34 in the middle is squeezed, rolled and rubbed in the reciprocating motion of the spring, converting a large amount of mechanical vibration energy into heat energy and dissipating it. The guide support sleeve 33 ensures that the entire movement process is axial and prevents lateral instability. Finally, the residual force, which has been greatly attenuated, is transmitted to the upper bottom plate 17 through the upper baffle 30. This design of the conical structure gives it nonlinear stiffness characteristics, which allows it to adapt to both small vibrations and large impacts. In synergy with the damping ball, it significantly improves the broadband vibration suppression effect of the vibration isolation system.

[0057] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The volume of liquid metal 39 is smaller than that of the sealed annular chamber 38. One brush ring 40 is electrically connected to the winding electrode 37, and the winding electrode 37 is connected to one tap of the rotor winding. The other brush ring 40 is connected to another tap of the rotor winding. Both brush rings 40 are in contact with the excitation brush, which is connected to an external excitation cabinet to form an excitation circuit. When the rotor rotates, the liquid metal 39 forms a liquid metal ring under the action of centrifugal force. Under normal circumstances, it maintains contact with the winding electrode 37 to maintain the stability of the excitation circuit. When the rotor 2 is subjected to vibration impact, the liquid metal ring shakes. When the shaking of the liquid metal ring is within the constraint range of centrifugal force, it always maintains contact with the winding electrode 37. When the amplitude of the liquid metal ring caused by vibration exceeds the constraint range of centrifugal force, it instantly disconnects from the winding electrode 37, automatically cuts off the excitation circuit, and realizes hardware-level demagnetization protection. After the vibration decreases, the liquid metal ring immediately resumes contact with the winding electrode 37. First, key components are accurately positioned and clamped through precision mechanical interfaces: the limiting groove 12 on the inner side of the generator housing 7 matches the limiting protrusion 24 on the outer side of the stator core 23 to achieve axial positioning and circumferential anti-rotation of the stator assembly 9; the clamping ring 21 of the front cover 1 has an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the inner ring of the generator housing 7, and its rear side abuts against the front side of the stator core 23 to clamp the stator axially; the rotor 2 is stably supported by bearings installed in the bearing mounting grooves 22 of the front cover 1 and the rear cover 6, and generates electricity through induction with the stator winding 25. Secondly, the vibration energy is actively dissipated through a multi-stage damping system: In the first stage, the damping particles filled in the arc-shaped damping cavity formed by the arc plate 18 on the outside of the generator housing 7 absorb high-frequency vibrations through friction and collision between the particles; In the second stage, the damping and shock absorption mechanism 3 is connected between the hinge seat 19 of the fixed plate 13 and the base plate 17 through the spatially hinged buffer spring rod 27, buffer spring rod 28 and damping block 29, which converts the vibration energy into the dissipation of spring deformation energy and the inertial motion of the damping block. Finally, low-frequency impacts and disturbances from the outside are isolated layer by layer: the generator body is connected to the vibration isolation base 5 through several ball damping mechanisms 4 under the base plate 17. Inside the mechanism, symmetrically arranged conical return springs 32 provide nonlinear elastic support, and the damping damping balls 34 in between dissipate energy through compression and rolling friction, thereby isolating the low-frequency vibrations. The bottom vibration isolation base 5 is ultimately attenuated by the multi-layer filter structure composed of three mounting plates 35 and buffer rubber 36 in between. The generator is mounted via a rectangular mounting flange on the generator housing 7, and electrical energy is output from the junction box 8. The change of liquid metal 39 enables adaptive control of the operating state, while the rigid positioning provided by the stator assembly 9, front cover 1, and rear cover 6, combined with the multi-level vibration reduction and isolation defense line consisting of damping particles, damping damping mechanism 3, volleyball damping mechanism 4, and vibration isolation base 5, ensures the high reliability and high stability of the generator under complex operating conditions.

[0058] In summary, by filling the sealed annular chamber 38 with liquid metal 39, and using centrifugal force to form a liquid metal ring as an adaptive switch, the excitation circuit is kept stable under normal vibration, while the circuit is instantly cut off during severe impact, thus achieving fast and reliable hardware-level demagnetization protection. Furthermore, by cooperating with an external excitation cabinet, the excitation intensity can be adjusted to achieve switching between multiple excitation operating states, thereby improving the generator's adaptive control capability and operational safety. High-frequency vibrations are absorbed by damping particles filled in the arc-shaped damping cavity; external vibrations are buffered by the spatially hinged damping and shock absorption mechanism 3; low- and medium-frequency vibrations are isolated by the volleyball-shaped shock absorption mechanism 4 with a conical return spring 32 and a damping and shock absorption ball 34; and the impact from the foundation is filtered out by the multi-layer buffer rubber 36 structure of the vibration isolation base 5, thereby achieving effective suppression of broadband vibrations. The stator assembly 9 is precisely positioned by the limiting protrusion 24 and the housing limiting groove 12, and is axially pressed by the clamping ring 21 of the front cover 1 to ensure the uniformity of the electromagnetic air gap. The supporting frame composed of the generator housing 7, the fixing plate 13, the base plate 17 and the arc plate 18 is not only the main load-bearing body, but also integrates the damping cavity and multiple hinge seats 19. Under the premise of ensuring the rigidity and stability of the overall structure, it achieves excellent seismic performance.

[0059] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An adaptive multi-mode switching anti-vibration high-power generator, comprising a generator housing (7) and excitation brushes, characterized in that, The generator housing (7) has a junction box (8) at its upper end. Inside the generator housing (7) are a stator assembly (9) and a rotor (2). The rotor (2) is located inside the stator assembly (9). A front cover (1) and a rear cover (6) are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the generator housing (7). The rotor (2) is rotatably positioned between the front cover (1) and the rear cover (6). The excitation brush is located inside the front cover (1). A damping and shock-absorbing mechanism (3) is provided on the generator housing (7). The damping and shock-absorbing mechanism (3) is located below the stator assembly (9). 7) Several ball damping mechanisms (4) are provided below, and a vibration isolation base (5) is provided below the ball damping mechanisms (4). The generator casing (7) is filled with damping particles. The rotor (2) has a sealed annular chamber (38) inside its shaft. The sealed annular chamber (38) is filled with liquid metal (39). The volume of the liquid metal (39) is smaller than that of the sealed annular chamber (38). The end wall of the sealed annular chamber (38) is covered with winding electrodes (37). Two brush rings (40) are provided on the outside of the rotor (2) shaft. One of the brush rings is... (40) is electrically connected to the winding electrode (37). The winding electrode (37) is connected to one tap of the rotor (2) winding. The other brush ring (40) is connected to the other tap of the rotor (2) winding. Both brush rings (40) are in contact with the excitation brush. The excitation brush is connected to the external excitation cabinet to form an excitation circuit. When the rotor (2) rotates, the liquid metal (39) forms a liquid metal ring under the action of centrifugal force. The range of centrifugal force constraint on the liquid metal ring is related to the rotational speed of the rotor (2). The normal operating speed of the rotor (2) is... The range is 2000-4000 r / min. When the rotor (2) is subjected to vibration impact, the metal liquid ring will shake. When the shaking of the metal liquid ring is within the constraint range of centrifugal force, it will always maintain contact with the winding electrode (37). When the shaking amplitude of the metal liquid ring caused by vibration exceeds the constraint range of centrifugal force, it will instantly disconnect from the winding electrode (37), cut off the excitation circuit, realize hardware-level demagnetization protection, and adjust the excitation voltage and current through the external excitation cabinet to adjust the excitation intensity state of the rotor and realize the switching of multiple excitation working modes.

2. The adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generator housing (7) includes a housing body (11). A rectangular mounting flange is provided on the upper outer side of the housing body (11). A junction box (8) is located above the rectangular mounting flange. Several circumferentially distributed limiting grooves (12) are provided on the inner side of the housing body (11). The length of the limiting grooves (12) is less than the axial length of the inner ring of the housing body (11). Fixing plates (13) are provided at both the front and rear ends of the lower part of the housing body (11). The fixing plates (13) have an irregular shape with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part. The shape of the upper part of the fixing plate (13) matches the shape of the outer side of the housing body (11). A base plate (17) is fixed between the lower ends of the two fixing plates (13). Hinges (19) are provided on the base plate (17) and the two fixed plates (13). An arc plate (18) is provided on the lower outer side of the main body of the casing (11). An arc damping cavity is formed between the arc plate (18), the main body of the casing (11), and the two fixed plates (13). Several reinforcing ribs (14) are provided between the base plate (17) and the arc plate (18), and a clearance opening (16) is formed between the two symmetrically arranged reinforcing ribs (14). An inclined feeding pipe (15) is provided on the outer side of the main body of the casing (11). The feeding pipe (15) is connected to the arc damping cavity. A material injection joint (10) is provided at the upper end of the feeding pipe (15).

3. The adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The damping particles are disposed inside the arc-shaped damping cavity. The damping particles are a mixture of fine sand and silica gel particles, and the particle size of both the fine sand and silica gel particles is less than 0.5 mm.

4. The adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stator assembly (9) includes a stator core (23). The outer side of the stator core (23) is provided with several circumferentially distributed limiting protrusions (24). The number and shape of the limiting protrusions (24) match the limiting grooves (12). The rear side of the several limiting protrusions (24) abuts against the rear side of the limiting grooves (12). The inner side of the stator core (23) is provided with several circumferentially distributed stator grooves (26). The stator grooves (26) are provided with stator windings (25).

5. The adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front cover (1) has a flange ring (20) on its outer side and a clamping ring (21) on its front side. The outer diameter of the clamping ring (21) is equal to the inner diameter of the inner ring of the generator housing (7). The rear side of the clamping ring (21) abuts against the front side of the stator core (23) and several limiting protrusions (24). The rear side of the front cover (1) and the front side of the rear cover (6) are both provided with bearing mounting grooves (22).

6. The adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The damping and shock absorption mechanism (3) includes a damping block (29), a second buffer spring rod (28), and two first buffer spring rods (27). One end of the two first buffer spring rods (27) is respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the damping block (29), one end of the second buffer spring rod (28) is hinged to the lower end of the damping block (29), the other end of the two first buffer spring rods (27) is respectively hinged to the hinge seats (19) of the two fixed plates (13), and the other end of the second buffer spring rod (28) is hinged to the hinge seat (19) of the base plate (17).

7. The adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The seismic isolation base (5) includes three mounting plates (35) arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and buffer rubber (36) is provided between two adjacent mounting plates (35).

8. The adaptive multi-mode switching seismic-resistant high-power generator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ball damping mechanism (4) includes an upper baffle (30) and a lower baffle (31). The upper baffle (30) and the lower baffle (31) are respectively fixed to the lower end of the base plate (17) and the upper end of the mounting plate (35). A guide support sleeve (33) is provided between the upper baffle (30) and the lower baffle (31). The guide support sleeve (33) is provided with two symmetrically arranged return springs (32). The return springs (32) have a conical structure. The small ends of the two return springs (32) are arranged opposite each other. The large ends of the two return springs (32) abut against the inner side of the upper baffle (30) and the lower baffle (31) respectively. A damping ball (34) is provided between the small ends of the two return springs (32).

Images