Myocardial bridge risk prediction method, device, system and storage medium

Abstract

Disclosed are a myocardial bridge risk prediction method, a processing device, a system and a computer readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: determining a point sequence according to candidate high-frequency QRS complex data in which a waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion does not exist in exercise electrocardiogram data, and traversing the sampling points in the point sequence. If there are two sampling points that meet the preset condition, it is determined that there is a myocardial bridge risk. The scheme can improve the specificity and sensitivity of auxiliary diagnosis from the electrophysiological mechanism in a non-invasive environment, and is convenient and effective.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a myocardial bridge risk prediction method, a processing device, a system and a computer readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and the continuous increase of work pressure, heart disease is becoming more and more young and universal, and heart health problems are also attracting more and more attention and attention. Therefore, how to accurately identify the heart health status is a problem worth attention.

[0003] At present, there is a scheme for evaluating heart health status based on electrocardiogram (ECG). The Chinese patent application with publication number CN114742114A discloses a high-frequency QRS waveform curve analysis method, which evaluates the degree of myocardial ischemia under coronary stenosis by analyzing the electrocardiogram signal under exercise load, but this method only considers the myocardial ischemia caused by coronary stenosis, ignores the myocardial ischemia caused by other conditions, and cannot more accurately evaluate the heart health status. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a myocardial bridge risk prediction method, a processing device, a system and a computer readable storage medium, which can effectively predict the risk of myocardial bridge.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a myocardial bridge risk prediction method, comprising:

[0006] Respectively acquiring exercise electrocardiogram data output through at least one electrocardiogram lead;

[0007] Obtaining high-frequency QRS complex data according to the exercise electrocardiogram data;

[0008] Determining candidate high-frequency QRS complex data from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead, the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data does not exist first waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion;

[0009] Obtaining a corresponding second point sequence according to the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, the second point sequence includes a plurality of sampling points arranged in time sequence;

[0010] For the second point sequence corresponding to any candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, in a traversal loop, any sampling point in the plurality of sampling points in the second point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, and the sampling points within a second preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there is a third sampling point and a fourth sampling point satisfying another preset condition within the second preset time interval, wherein the third sampling point is earlier than the fourth sampling point in time sequence;

[0011] In a case where it is determined that the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point satisfying the preset condition exist, it is determined that the second waveform feature indicating the myocardial bridge exists in the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, and thus it is determined that the myocardial bridge possibility exists;

[0012] In a case where it is determined that the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point satisfying the preset condition do not exist, the current iteration loop ends, and other sampling points in the second point sequence except the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points.

[0013] The next iteration loop is performed for the new reference sampling point, and the iteration loop is repeated until it is determined that the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point satisfying the preset condition exist or the sampling points to be iterated in the second point sequence are all iterated.

[0014] In the embodiment of the application, the second preset time interval includes a preset time length, and for the second point sequence corresponding to the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, any sampling point of the multiple sampling points in the second point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point in an iteration loop, and the sampling points in the second preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are iterated to determine whether the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point satisfying the preset condition exist in the second preset time interval, including:

[0015] The first sampling point in the second point sequence in the time sequence is taken as the current reference sampling point, and the next sampling point in the time sequence from the current reference sampling point is iterated to determine whether the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point satisfy the preset condition.

[0016] In a case where the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point do not satisfy the preset condition, it is determined whether the time interval between the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point exceeds the preset time length.

[0017] In a case where it is determined that the time interval between the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point exceeds the preset time length, it is determined that the iteration loop ends.

[0018] In the embodiment of the application, the next iteration loop is performed for the new reference sampling point, and the iteration loop is repeated until it is determined that the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point satisfying another preset condition exist or the sampling points to be iterated in the second point sequence are all iterated, including:

[0019] The next iteration loop is performed from the next sampling point in the time sequence from the new reference sampling point, and the iteration loop is repeated until it is determined that the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point satisfying the preset condition exist or the current iteration sampling point is the last sampling point in the second point sequence.

[0020] In the embodiments of the present application, the second preset time interval includes the window length of the window function, for the second point sequence corresponding to any candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, in a traversal loop, any sampling point in the plurality of sampling points in the second point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, the sampling points in the second preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are traversed, to determine whether there are third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying the preset condition in the second preset time interval, wherein the third sampling point is earlier than the fourth sampling point in time sequence, including:

[0021] The first sampling point earliest in time sequence in the second point sequence is taken as the starting point of the window, the sampling points in the second point sequence contained in the window are traversed, to determine the third sampling point with the maximum root mean square (RMS) voltage in the current window and the fourth sampling point with the minimum RMS voltage after the third sampling point in time sequence;

[0022] Whether the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point satisfy the preset condition is determined.

[0023] In the embodiments of the present application, the next traversal loop is performed for the new reference sampling point, and the traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there are third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying the preset condition, or the sampling points in the second point sequence that need to be traversed are all traversed, including:

[0024] The next traversal loop is performed for the sampling points in the window after the movement of the preset step, and the traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there are third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying the preset condition, or the end point of the current window reaches at least the last sampling point in the second point sequence.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the second preset time interval includes the window length of the window function, for the second point sequence corresponding to any candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, in a traversal loop, any sampling point in the plurality of sampling points in the second point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, the sampling points in the second preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are traversed, to determine whether there are third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying the preset condition in the second preset time interval, including:

[0026] The first sampling point earliest in time sequence in the second point sequence is taken as the starting point of the window, the sampling points in the second point sequence contained in the window are traversed, to determine whether there are third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying the preset condition in the second preset time interval.

[0027] In the embodiments of the present application, the next traversal loop is performed for the new reference sampling point, and the traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there are third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying the preset condition, or the sampling points in the second point sequence that need to be traversed are all traversed, including:

[0028] The next traversal cycle is performed on the sampling points in the window after the preset step size is moved, and the traversal cycle is repeated until it is determined that there are third sampling points and fourth sampling points that meet the preset condition, or the end point of the current window reaches at least the last sampling point in the second point sequence.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present application, the myocardial bridge risk prediction method further comprises:

[0030] In the case that all the sampling points in the second point sequence that need to be traversed are traversed and there are no third sampling points and fourth sampling points that meet the preset condition, it is determined that the corresponding candidate high-frequency QRS complex data does not have the second waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge.

[0031] In the case that all the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data do not have the second waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge, it is determined that there is no myocardial bridge.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present application, the preset condition comprises:

[0033] The amplitude drop relative value between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches the fourth preset threshold value, and the voltage drop degree between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches the fifth preset threshold value, and the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point shows a continuous downward trend; or

[0034] The amplitude drop relative value between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches the fourth preset threshold value or the voltage drop degree between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches the fifth preset threshold value, and the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point shows a continuous downward trend.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present application, the myocardial bridge risk prediction method further comprises:

[0036] In the case that it is determined that the amplitude drop relative value between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches the fourth preset threshold value and / or the voltage drop degree between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches the fifth preset threshold value, the first order difference of the root mean square voltage of the sampling points in the second point sequence corresponding to the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data in the current second preset time interval is calculated, to obtain a difference sequence;

[0037] The number of consecutive values greater than or equal to zero in the difference sequence is determined.

[0038] If the number is less than or equal to a first number threshold, it is determined that the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point shows a continuous downward trend.

[0039] In the embodiments of the present application, the myocardial bridge risk prediction method further comprises:

[0040] determining all difference sequence groups according to the difference sequences, each difference sequence group including a continuous number of difference values;

[0041] calculating a sum of the difference values of each difference sequence group;

[0042] if the number of continuous values greater than or equal to zero in the difference sequence is less than or equal to a second number threshold, and the sum of the difference values of each difference sequence group is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, it is determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has the second waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge.

[0043] In the embodiments of the present application, the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data is determined from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead.

[0044] The first point sequence corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead is obtained according to the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead obtained from the exercise electrocardiogram data, and the first point sequence includes a plurality of sampling points arranged in time sequence.

[0045] For the first point sequence corresponding to any electrocardiogram lead, in an iteration loop, any sampling point in the plurality of sampling points in the first point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, and the sampling points within a first preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there are a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying another preset condition within the first preset time interval, wherein the first sampling point is earlier in time sequence than the second sampling point.

[0046] In the case where it is determined that there are a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying another preset condition, it is determined that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the arbitrary electrocardiogram lead has the first waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesions;

[0047] In the case where it is determined that there are no first sampling point and second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, the current iteration loop ends, and other sampling points in the first point sequence except the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points.

[0048] The next iteration loop is performed for the new reference sampling point until it is determined that there are a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying another preset condition, or all the sampling points in the first point sequence that need to be traversed have been traversed.

[0049] In the case where all the sampling points in the first point sequence that need to be traversed have been traversed without a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying another preset condition, it is determined that the corresponding high-frequency QRS complex data does not have the first waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesions, and the high-frequency QRS complex data is determined as the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data.

[0050] The second aspect of the present application provides a processing device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing instructions, the processor being configured to call and execute the instructions from the memory to implement the above-mentioned myocardial bridge risk prediction method.

[0051] The third aspect of the present application provides a myocardial bridge risk prediction system, comprising:

[0052] An electrocardiosignal collection device, comprising at least one electrode forming at least one electrocardiogram lead for collecting electrocardiosignals of a subject; and

[0053] The above-mentioned processing device.

[0054] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a machine readable storage medium, the machine readable storage medium storing instructions for causing a machine to execute the above-mentioned myocardial bridge risk prediction method.

[0055] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application can improve the specificity and sensitivity of auxiliary diagnosis from the electrophysiological mechanism in a non-invasive environment, which is convenient and effective.

[0056] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0057] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the following specific embodiments to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings:

[0058] Figure 1 An example flowchart of a myocardial bridge risk prediction method according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown.

[0059] Figure 2A A high-frequency QRS waveform curve during exercise is schematically shown, in which a steep drop waveform occurs after 3 minutes of exercise.

[0060] Figure 2B An example flowchart of a method for determining the possibility of the presence of a coronary artery lesion according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown.

[0061] Figure 3 An example flowchart of a method for determining the possibility of the presence of a coronary artery lesion according to another embodiment of the present application is schematically shown.

[0062] Figure 4 An example flowchart of a method for determining the possibility of the presence of a coronary artery lesion according to still another embodiment of the present application is schematically shown.

[0063] Figure 5 An example flowchart of a method for determining the likelihood of the presence of a myocardial bridge is schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Figure 6 An example flowchart of a method for determining the likelihood of the presence of a myocardial bridge is schematically shown according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0065] Figure 7 An example flowchart of a method for determining the likelihood of the presence of a myocardial bridge is schematically shown according to still another embodiment of the present application.

[0066] Figure 8 An example flowchart of a method for determining the likelihood of the presence of a myocardial bridge is schematically shown according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0067] Figure 9 An example flowchart of a method for determining the likelihood of the presence of a myocardial bridge is schematically shown according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0068] Figure 10 An example block diagram of a myocardial bridge risk prediction system is schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0070] It should be noted that the acquisition, transmission, storage, use, processing, etc. of data in the technical solutions of the present application comply with relevant provisions of laws and regulations. In the embodiments of the present application, some industry existing solutions, components, models, etc. may be mentioned, which should be considered as exemplary, and the purpose is only to illustrate the feasibility of the implementation of the technical solutions of the present application, but it does not mean that the applicant has or will necessarily use the solutions.

[0071] The myocardial bridge risk prediction method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a terminal, a server, or an interactive system including a terminal and a server, and is implemented through the interaction of the terminal and the server, which is not limited here. The terminal can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, notebook computers, smart phones, tablet computers, electrocardiogram monitoring devices, and portable wearable devices, and the server can be implemented by an independent server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers.

[0072] The "exercise electrocardio data" or its equivalent terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can refer to the electrocardio data collected by the subject during the load exercise electrocardio detection process. The load exercise electrocardio detection is a method of electrocardio detection for collecting the electrocardio data of the subject by increasing the heart load through a certain amount of exercise and analyzing the heart health condition of the subject based on the collected electrocardio data, which is widely used in the detection of heart disease and cardiovascular disease. The exercise electrocardio data can include a plurality of QRS complexes reflecting the changes of left and right ventricular depolarization potential and time, and each QRS complex is a set of Q wave, R wave and S wave in the electrocardiogram. Based on the QRS complex in the exercise electrocardio data, a corresponding high-frequency QRS waveform curve can be analyzed. The high-frequency QRS waveform curve can be a curve obtained by connecting a plurality of sampling points in time sequence. The high-frequency QRS waveform curve, also known as high-frequency QRS time intensity curve, can be used to represent the trend of the root mean square voltage of the high-frequency component of the QRS complex of the subject with respect to time during the entire load exercise electrocardio detection process, that is, to reflect the energy change trend during the entire load exercise electrocardio detection process. The high-frequency QRS waveform curve is presented by a high-frequency QRS waveform graph, in which the horizontal coordinate can be time corresponding to the detection time of the load exercise electrocardio detection process, and the unit can be min (minute), and the vertical coordinate can be root mean square voltage (RMS voltage), which can also be understood as intensity or amplitude, and the unit can be uV (microvolt).

[0073] In an embodiment, the load exercise electrocardio detection process includes a plurality of stages, specifically, can include three stages of resting stage, exercise stage and recovery stage in sequence, and the exercise electrocardio data includes the electrocardio data of each stage. It can be understood that the division of stages is not limited to this, and can be divided according to the actual situation. The pre-exercise in the embodiments of the present application is located in the resting stage, the exercise is located in the exercise stage, and the post-exercise is located in the recovery stage.

[0074] The "resting electrocardio data" or its equivalent terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can refer to electrocardio data collected in the resting electrocardio detection process. The subject is in a resting state in the resting electrocardio detection process. The resting electrocardio data can include multiple QRS complexes. The QRS complexes in the resting electrocardio data are sequentially aligned, averaged, and high-frequency filtered to obtain high-frequency QRS complex data, or the QRS complexes in the resting electrocardio data are sequentially high-frequency filtered, aligned, and averaged to obtain high-frequency QRS complex data, or high-frequency electrocardio data is extracted from the resting electrocardio data by analysis, and then the QRS complexes in the high-frequency electrocardio data are sequentially aligned and averaged to obtain high-frequency QRS complex data, which is not specifically limited here. The high-frequency QRS complex data corresponds to the high-frequency QRS envelope curve, and the corresponding high-frequency QRS envelope curve can be formed based on the high-frequency QRS complex data. As can be seen, the corresponding high-frequency QRS envelope curve can be obtained by data processing of the resting electrocardio data.

[0075] The "conventional ECG data" or its equivalent terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can refer to ECG data that can be obtained from a conventional electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. In the embodiments of the present application, the conventional ECG data can be obtained by analyzing and processing the resting electrocardio data, for example, by low-pass filtering the resting electrocardio data to filter out the high-frequency components and retain the low-frequency effective electrocardio components, and the conventional ECG data is obtained after the filtering process.

[0076] Figure 1 An example flowchart of a myocardial bridge risk prediction method according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 The myocardial bridge risk prediction method can include the following steps.

[0077] In step S101, exercise electrocardio data output by at least one electrocardiogram lead is obtained.

[0078] Specifically, during the collection of electrocardiogram, at least one electrode patch can be used for signal collection for the subject. For example, taking 10 electrode patches as an example, the electrode patches can be distributed on the chest and limbs of the human body to form 12 electrocardiogram leads (such as V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, I, II, III, aVL, aVF, and aVR), corresponding to output of 12 groups of electrocardio data. It can be understood that 10 electrode patches are only used as an example and do not specifically limit the number of electrode patches, and more or fewer electrode patches can be used according to actual needs. The electrocardio signal collection of the subject in the process of load exercise can obtain exercise electrocardio data.

[0079] In step S102, high-frequency QRS complex data is obtained according to the exercise electrocardio data.

[0080] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, high-frequency QRS complex data can be obtained by analyzing and processing exercise ECG data, specifically, the high-frequency components of QRS complex in exercise ECG data can be analyzed to obtain corresponding high-frequency QRS complex data. Specifically, exercise ECG data includes ECG (electrocardiogram) corresponding to each heartbeat of the subject during the entire load exercise ECG detection process, and the ECG includes QRS complex. The exercise ECG data is divided into a plurality of ECG data subsets by a window function according to time sequence and a preset moving step length, and each ECG data subset includes ECG corresponding to multiple heartbeats. For each ECG data subset, the ECG or QRS complex corresponding to the multiple heartbeats included therein is sequentially aligned, averaged, and band-pass filtered to obtain corresponding high-frequency QRS complex (high-frequency band of QRS complex), and the root mean square of the high-frequency QRS complex is obtained to obtain the corresponding root mean square voltage as the root mean square voltage corresponding to the ECG data subset. Thus, a time-intensity data point set arranged in time sequence can be obtained, each data point corresponding to a time and a root mean square voltage (or intensity or amplitude), and the high-frequency QRS complex data can include the data point set (for ease of distinction, hereinafter referred to as high-frequency QRS complex data). The time-intensity data point set can be used to obtain a corresponding high-frequency QRS time-intensity curve, in other words, the visualization of the time-intensity data point set is the aforementioned high-frequency QRS time-intensity curve.

[0081] It can be understood that the window length of the window function and the preset moving step length can be customized according to actual needs, for example, the window length is set to 10 seconds, and the preset moving step length is set to 10 seconds or one heartbeat period, which refers to the time interval between adjacent two heartbeats, which is not limited here. According to time sequence refers to the order of the detection time according to the collection time of the signal / the advancement of the load exercise ECG detection process.

[0082] The lead positive index corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead can be obtained according to the high-frequency QRS complex data. The lead positive index can be obtained using the method disclosed in the prior art. For example, in an example, the amplitude drop relative value and the amplitude absolute value can be calculated according to the high-frequency QRS complex data to form the lead positive index. A set function can be used to process the high-frequency QRS complex data to calculate the amplitude drop relative value and the amplitude absolute value between the two reference points with the most and fastest drop of RMS voltage in the high-frequency QRS waveform within a period of time before exercise, during exercise, and a period of time after exercise. The amplitude absolute value is obtained by subtracting the RMS voltages of the two reference points, and the amplitude drop relative value is calculated as a percentage based on the amplitude absolute value and the RMS voltage value of the reference point with the highest RMS voltage. The amplitude drop relative value and the amplitude absolute value are mainly used to evaluate the blood flow change index of the human heart.

[0083] In step S103, candidate high-frequency QRS complex data without the first waveform feature indicative of coronary artery lesion is determined from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead.

[0084] The first waveform feature (e.g., sharp drop wave) of the high-frequency QRS complex data can be used to determine whether there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion (e.g., coronary stenosis, coronary sclerosis), and the analysis of the high-frequency QRS complex data to determine whether there is a possibility of myocardial bridge needs to exclude the case where the high-frequency QRS complex data has the first waveform feature. That is, if the high-frequency QRS complex data has a waveform feature indicative of coronary artery lesion, such as a sharp drop wave, the high-frequency QRS complex data is no longer used to determine whether there is a myocardial bridge. The determination of whether the high-frequency QRS complex data has the first waveform feature will be described in detail below.

[0085] In step S104, a second point sequence (which can be referred to as a high-frequency QRS time-intensity point sequence) of each candidate high-frequency QRS complex data is obtained, which can include a plurality of sampling points arranged in time sequence. The plurality of sampling points can be a plurality of data points sampled or selected from a plurality of data point sets of the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data at a set sampling period (sampling interval) or sampling frequency.

[0086] In step S105, for the second point sequence corresponding to any candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, any sampling point in the plurality of sampling points of the point sequence is taken as a reference sampling point, and the sampling points in a preset time interval from the reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there is a first sampling point earlier in time and a second sampling point later in time that satisfy a preset condition in the preset time interval.

[0087] In an example case, the preset condition can be that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fourth preset threshold value, and the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fifth preset threshold value, and the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the first sampling point and the second sampling point is in a continuous downward trend (which can be referred to as a third preset condition below). In another example case, the preset condition can be that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fourth preset threshold value or the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fifth preset threshold value, and the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the first sampling point and the second sampling point is in a continuous downward trend (which can be referred to as a fourth preset condition below).

[0088] The amplitude reduction relative value may be, for example, (first sampling point root mean square voltage (RMS voltage) - second sampling point RMS voltage) / first sampling point RMS voltage. In an example, the voltage reduction degree can be a voltage reduction absolute value, which can be the first sampling point root mean square voltage (RMS voltage) minus ( - ) the second sampling point RMS voltage. In an alternative example, the voltage reduction degree can be a ratio of the voltage reduction absolute value to a maximum voltage value, i.e. (first sampling point root mean square voltage (RMS voltage) - second sampling point RMS voltage) / maximum voltage value, which can be understood as a maximum power that can be used to reflect the maximum cardiac pumping function of the subject, i.e. the peak value of the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data does not exceed the maximum voltage value, and the maximum voltage value is determined according to the maximum value of the root mean square voltage in the high-frequency QRS complex data of all electrocardiogram leads. In this example, the fifth preset threshold value can be in the form of a percentage as the fourth preset threshold value.

[0089] In step S106, if the preset condition is met, it is determined that there is a possibility (risk) of myocardial bridge. During the traversal, if the first sampling point and the second sampling point that meet the preset condition appear, it indicates that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge, such as a slow descent wave, in which case it can be determined that there is a possibility of myocardial bridge. Here, the slow descent wave has a more gentle waveform downward trend than the steep descent wave.

[0090] In step S107, if the preset condition is not met, the reference sampling point is replaced and step S105 is repeated. In this step, if all the sampling points in the preset time interval are traversed and no first sampling point and second sampling point that meet the preset condition appear, the current traversal loop ends, at which time the reference sampling point can be replaced and the next traversal loop is entered, for example, the adjacent sampling point of the current reference sampling point is taken as the replaced (new) reference sampling point, and the replaced reference sampling point is taken as the reference to traverse the sampling points in the preset time interval from the reference sampling point to determine whether there are first sampling points and second sampling points that meet the preset condition. If there are first sampling points and second sampling points that meet the preset condition, it indicates that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data line has a waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge, and the traversal ends. If the current traversal loop ends and no first sampling point and second sampling point that meet the preset condition appear, the next traversal loop is entered, and this continues until a first sampling point and a second sampling point that meet the preset condition appear, or all the sampling points in the point sequence that need to be traversed are traversed. If all the sampling points that need to be traversed are traversed and still do not meet the preset condition, it is determined that there is no waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge.

[0091] How to select the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead will be described in detail below.

[0092] The coronary artery lesion may be, for example, a coronary artery macrovascular lesion, and may specifically include coronary artery stenosis and coronary artery sclerosis. When the possibility of coronary artery stenosis or coronary artery sclerosis is determined according to exercise electrocardiogram data, it can be considered that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion.

[0093] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, the method disclosed in the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN114742114A previously applied for by the applicant of the present application can be used to determine the possibility of coronary artery stenosis. The application discloses a high-frequency QRS waveform curve analysis method, which includes obtaining a high-frequency QRS waveform curve (high-frequency QRS waveform curve) corresponding to exercise electrocardiogram data; selecting a high-frequency QRS waveform curve in a first time period as a first reference waveform curve; selecting a point with the smallest root mean square voltage on the first reference waveform curve as a first reference point, and a point with the largest root mean square voltage earlier in time than the first reference point as a second reference point; determining a first amplitude drop relative value according to the root mean square voltages of the first reference point and the second reference point; if the first amplitude drop relative value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, it is determined that the high-frequency QRS waveform curve satisfies a preset condition, i.e., the high-frequency QRS waveform curve has a waveform feature indicating coronary artery stenosis, thereby it can be judged or determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery stenosis.

[0094] The high-frequency QRS waveform curve analysis method disclosed in the above embodiment mainly focuses on whether there is a case where the first amplitude drop relative value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold value in the QRS waveform curve segment corresponding to the first 3 minutes in the high-frequency QRS waveform curve in exercise, i.e., mainly judges whether there is a steep drop waveform in the first 3 minutes in exercise, and if there is, it is determined that there is coronary artery stenosis. However, the actual situation may be that the position (time point) where the case where the first amplitude drop relative value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold value occurs in the high-frequency QRS waveform curve is located after 3 minutes, i.e., a steep drop waveform occurs after 3 minutes in exercise (as shown in FIG. 1C), so that the method of the above embodiment may ignore this case and fail to judge the existence of coronary artery stenosis. In addition, this method also ignores the identification of the possibility of coronary artery sclerosis. Figure 2A

[0095] In view of this, the present inventors have further studied and proposed an innovative method for judging the possibility of coronary artery lesion, which can improve the accuracy of judging the possibility of coronary artery stenosis and can also judge the possibility of coronary artery sclerosis compared with the method provided in the above embodiment disclosed previously.

[0096] ​In the preferred embodiments of the present application, the general inventive concept of determining whether there is a coronary artery lesion can include obtaining high-frequency QRS complex data from the exercise electrocardiogram data. The high-frequency QRS complex data can include a set of data points arranged in time sequence (i.e., chronological order), where each data point corresponds to a time point (time stamp) and an amplitude value (or intensity value), which can be, for example, an RMS voltage value. The high-frequency QRS waveform curve can be essentially a curve obtained by connecting the data points in time sequence, or can be a curve obtained by removing minor fluctuations through curve smoothing processing.

[0097] A point sequence for each electrocardiogram lead can be obtained from the high-frequency QRS complex data, which can include a plurality of data points sampled or selected from a plurality of sets of data points of the high-frequency QRS complex data at a set sampling period (sampling interval) or sampling frequency. Each sampling point in the point sequence is traversed to determine whether the high-frequency QRS complex data has a first waveform feature indicative of a coronary artery lesion, such as a sharp drop wave, and if the sharp drop wave exists, it can be determined that there is a possibility of a coronary artery lesion, and the high-frequency QRS complex data will not be used to determine the possibility of a myocardial bridge.

[0098] Figure 2B An example flowchart of a method for determining the possibility of a coronary artery lesion according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the method of determining the possibility of a coronary artery lesion can include the following steps. Figure 2B

[0099] In step S1031, a point sequence (which can be referred to as a high-frequency QRS time-intensity point sequence) corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead is obtained from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead, respectively. The point sequence can include a plurality of sampling points arranged in time sequence.

[0100] ​In step S1032, for the point sequence corresponding to any electrocardiogram lead, any sampling point in the point sequence is taken as a reference sampling point, and sampling points within a preset time interval from the reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there are a first sampling point earlier in time and a second sampling point later in time that satisfy a preset condition within the preset time interval. The sampling points within the preset time interval include the reference sampling point. In an example case, the preset condition can be that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a first preset threshold and the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a second preset threshold (hereinafter referred to as the first preset condition). In another example case, the preset condition can be that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the first preset threshold or the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the second preset threshold (hereinafter referred to as the second preset condition).

[0101] The amplitude drop relative value may, for example, be: (RMS voltage of the first sampling point - RMS voltage of the second sampling point) / RMS voltage of the first sampling point. In an example, the voltage drop degree can be a voltage drop absolute value, which can be the RMS voltage of the first sampling point minus (-) the RMS voltage of the second sampling point. In an alternative example, the voltage drop degree can be the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, i.e. (RMS voltage of the first sampling point - RMS voltage of the second sampling point) / maximum voltage value, which can be understood as the maximum power that can be used to reflect the maximum cardiac pumping function of the subject, i.e. the peak value of the high-frequency QRS complex data (or high-frequency QRS waveform curve) does not exceed the maximum voltage value. The maximum voltage value can be determined according to the maximum value of the RMS voltages in the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to all electrocardiogram leads (e.g. the maximum RMS voltage is taken as an even integer). In this example, the second preset threshold can be in the form of a percentage as the first preset threshold.

[0102] In step S1033, in the case where the preset condition is satisfied, it is determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion. During the traversal, if the first sampling point and the second sampling point that satisfy the preset condition appear, it indicates that the high-frequency QRS complex data has waveform characteristics indicative of coronary artery lesions, such as a steep drop wave, in which case it can be determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion.

[0103] In step S1034, if the preset condition is not met, the step S1032 is repeated after replacing the reference sampling point. In this step, if all the sampling points in the preset time interval are traversed and no first sampling point and second sampling point meeting the preset condition are found, the current traversal loop ends, and the reference sampling point can be replaced, and the next traversal loop is entered. For example, the adjacent sampling point of the current reference sampling point is taken as the replaced (new) reference sampling point, and the sampling points in the preset time interval from the replaced reference sampling point are traversed based on the replaced reference sampling point to determine whether there are first sampling point and second sampling point meeting the preset condition. If there are first sampling point and second sampling point meeting the preset condition, it indicates that the high-frequency QRS complex data has a waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion. If the current traversal loop ends and no first sampling point and second sampling point meeting the preset condition are found, the next traversal loop is entered, and this process is repeated until first sampling point and second sampling point meeting the preset condition are found, or all the sampling points in the point sequence to be traversed are traversed. If all the sampling points to be traversed are traversed and the preset condition is still not met, it is determined that there is no waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion.

[0104] The traversal manner or rule of the sampling points can be various. Figure 3 An example flowchart of a method for determining whether there is coronary artery lesion according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. As shown in FIG. 6, the method comprises the following steps. Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, for the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead, the first sampling point in time sequence in the point sequence thereof can be taken as a reference sampling point (which can be referred to as an initial reference point), the next sampling point in time sequence of the initial reference point is taken as a traversal starting point to perform traversal in time sequence, and the amplitude drop relative value and voltage drop degree between the initial reference point (the first sampling point in this embodiment) and the current traversal sampling point (the second sampling point in this embodiment) are calculated. It is judged whether the initial reference point and the current traversal sampling point satisfy a preset condition. If the two sampling points satisfy the preset condition, it can be determined that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the lead exists a waveform feature indicative of coronary artery lesion, for example, a steep drop wave, so that it can be determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion, and the traversal is stopped. If the preset condition is not satisfied, it is judged whether the time interval between the current traversal sampling point and the initial reference point exceeds a preset time length, and whether the current traversal sampling point is the last sampling point in the point sequence. If the time interval between the current traversal sampling point and the initial reference point does not exceed the preset time length and the current traversal sampling point is not the last sampling point, the next sampling point of the current traversal sampling point is switched to, the next sampling point is taken as a new current traversal sampling point, and the same operation is performed on the new current traversal sampling point. Specifically, the amplitude drop relative value and voltage drop degree between the initial reference point and the new current traversal sampling point are calculated. It is judged whether the initial reference point and the new current traversal sampling point satisfy the preset condition. If the preset condition is satisfied, it can be determined that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the lead exists a steep drop wave, that is, it can be determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion, and the traversal is stopped. If the preset condition is not satisfied, the above operation can be repeated to traverse the subsequent sampling points, and if the preset condition is still not satisfied, the traversal can be continued until the time interval between the current traversal sampling point being traversed and the initial reference point reaches the preset time length (the preset time interval in this embodiment) or the current traversal sampling point is the last sampling point in the point sequence. If the time interval between the current traversal sampling point being traversed and the initial reference point reaches the preset time length or the current traversal sampling point is the last sampling point in the point sequence, the next sampling point of the initial reference point is switched to, the next sampling point is taken as a reference sampling point, and the same as the above traversal operation, the next traversal loop is performed. If the preset condition is still not satisfied, the traversal loop can be continuously performed until the preset condition is satisfied or until all the sampling points except the last sampling point in the point sequence are taken as reference sampling points to complete the traversal. That is, when the previous sampling point of the last sampling point is taken as a reference sampling point to complete the traversal, and the preset condition is still not satisfied, it is indicated that there is no waveform feature indicative of coronary artery lesion, for example, a steep drop wave, for the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the electrocardiogram lead.

[0105] In this embodiment, the preset time length can be, for example, 1 minute to 3 minutes. If the preset condition is that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a first preset threshold value and the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a second preset threshold value (the first preset condition), the value range of the first preset threshold value can be 30% to 40%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the second preset threshold value can be 1 uV to 2 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the second preset threshold value can be 10% to 20%.

[0106] If the preset condition is that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a first preset threshold value, or, the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a second preset threshold value (the first preset condition), the value range of the first preset threshold value can be 50% to 60%. In this case, the value of the second preset threshold value is associated with the preset time length. In general, the value of the second preset threshold value is positively correlated with the preset time length, that is, the greater the preset time length, the greater the second preset threshold value. For example, taking the value range of the preset time length as 1 minute to 3 minutes, if the preset time length is 1 minute, in the case where the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 1 uV to 2 uV, and in the case where the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 10% to 20%. If the preset time length is 2 minutes, in the case where the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 2 uV to 3 uV, and in the case where the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 20% to 30%. If the preset time length is 3 minutes, in the case where the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 3 uV to 4 uV, and in the case where the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 30% to 40%. Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific values of the above preset threshold values are exemplary, and are intended to illustrate that the second preset threshold value is associated with the preset time length. For a smaller preset time length, if a larger second preset threshold value is used, the steep drop wave will be misjudged as a non-steep drop wave. For a larger preset time length, if a smaller second preset threshold value is used, the non-steep drop wave will be misjudged as a steep drop wave, thereby reducing the recognition accuracy. The specific values can be adjusted according to actual applications.

[0107] The high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to all electrocardiogram leads can be processed as above. If the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to at least one electrocardiogram lead has waveform characteristics indicative of coronary artery lesion, such as a sharp drop wave, it can be determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion. Conversely, if the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to all electrocardiogram leads does not have waveform characteristics indicative of coronary artery lesion, it can be determined that there is no coronary artery lesion.

[0108] Although the above embodiment processes the multiple sampling points in the point sequence in a time sequence from early to late, those skilled in the art can understand that the above method is also applicable to multiple sampling points in a time sequence from late to early, in which case the amplitude drop relative value and voltage drop degree between the current traversal sampling point and the reference sampling point are calculated (in this case, the current traversal sampling point is earlier in time than the reference sampling point).

[0109] Figure 4 An example flowchart of a method for determining the possibility of coronary artery lesion according to another embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. As shown in FIG. 6, the method comprises the following steps. Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, a window function can be preset, and the window of the window function includes a start point and an end point, and the distance between the start point and the end point is a window length (in this embodiment, the window length is the preset time interval described above). The window length can be, for example, 1 minute to 3 minutes. For the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead, the window function is used to traverse the point sequence of the high-frequency QRS complex data. Specifically, the earliest first sampling point in the point sequence in time sequence can be taken as the start point of the window, and the sampling point with the maximum RMS voltage among the multiple sampling points in the point sequence included in the window (the first sampling point in this embodiment) and the sampling point with the minimum RMS voltage among the sampling points after the first sampling point in time sequence (the second sampling point in this embodiment) can be determined. The amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point and the voltage drop degree are calculated. It is determined whether the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfy a preset condition. If the two sampling points satisfy the preset condition, it can be determined that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the lead exists a sharp drop wave, that is, it can be determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion, and the traversal is stopped. If the preset condition is not satisfied, the window of the window function is slid backward by a preset step, and the above operation is repeatedly performed. If there is still no situation satisfying the preset condition, the window is slid backward by the preset step again until the preset condition is satisfied or until the end point of the window reaches or exceeds the last sampling point in the point sequence. That is, when the end point of the window reaches or exceeds the last sampling point after the window is slid by the preset step, and there is still no situation satisfying the preset condition, it means that there is no waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, such as a sharp drop wave, for the high-frequency QRS complex data of the electrocardiogram lead. In this embodiment, the preset step can be, for example, an integer multiple of the time interval (for example, a sampling period) between adjacent two sampling points, and is preferably the time interval between adjacent two sampling points, for example, 10 seconds. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that it is also feasible to set the preset step to other values.

[0110] In this embodiment, if the preset condition is that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a first preset threshold and the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a second preset threshold (the first preset condition), the value range of the first preset threshold can be 30% to 40%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the second preset threshold can be 1 uV to 2 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the second preset threshold can be 10% to 20%.

[0111] If the preset condition is that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a first preset threshold value, or the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a second preset threshold value (the first preset condition), the value range of the first preset threshold value can be 50% to 60%. In this case, the value of the second preset threshold value is associated with the window length. In general, the value of the second preset threshold value is positively correlated with the window length, that is, the longer the window length, the larger the second preset threshold value. For example, taking the value range of the window length as 1 minute to 3 minutes as an example, if the window length is 1 minute, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 1 uV to 2 uV when the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, and the value range of the second preset threshold value is 10% to 20% when the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value. If the window length is 2 minutes, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 2 uV to 3 uV when the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, and the value range of the second preset threshold value is 20% to 30% when the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value. If the window length is 3 minutes, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 3 uV to 4 uV when the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, and the value range of the second preset threshold value is 30% to 40% when the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value. Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific values of the above preset threshold values are exemplary, and the purpose is to explain that the second preset threshold value is associated with the window length. For a shorter window length, if a larger second preset threshold value is used, the steep drop wave will be misjudged as a non-steep drop wave. For a longer window length, if a smaller second preset threshold value is used, the non-steep drop wave will be misjudged as a steep drop wave, thereby reducing the recognition accuracy. The specific values can be adjusted according to actual application.

[0112] The high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to all electrocardiogram leads can be processed as above. If the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to at least one electrocardiogram lead has a waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, such as a steep drop wave, it can be determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion. Conversely, if the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to all electrocardiogram leads does not have a waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, it can be determined that there is no coronary artery lesion.

[0113] Although the window function used in the above embodiment starts from the earliest sampling point in the point sequence, those skilled in the art can understand that it can also start from the latest sampling point in the point sequence.

[0114] Figure 5 An example flowchart of a method for determining the possibility of coronary artery lesion according to another embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. As shown in FIG. 6, the method comprises the following steps:Figure 5 As shown in the embodiment, a window function can be preset, and the window of the window function includes a start point and an end point, and the distance between the start point and the end point is a window length (in this embodiment, the window length is the preset time interval described above). The window length can be, for example, 1 minute to 3 minutes. For the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead, the start point of the window can be aligned with the earliest first sampling point in the point sequence in time (i.e., the two points coincide in time), and the first sampling point is taken as a reference point, and each sampling point in the window is sequentially traversed. Specifically, the amplitude drop relative value between the reference point and the current traversed sampling point in the window and the voltage drop degree can be calculated. It is determined whether the reference point and the current traversed sampling point satisfy a preset condition. If the two sampling points satisfy the preset condition, it can be determined that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the lead exists a waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, for example, a steep drop wave, that is, it can be determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion, and the traversal stops. If the preset condition is not satisfied, the next sampling point in the window is traversed. If the reference point and the current traversed sampling point satisfy the preset condition, the traversal stops, otherwise, until the last sampling point in the window is traversed. If all the sampling points in the window are traversed and still do not satisfy the preset condition, the traversal loop ends, the window of the window function is slid backward (backward in time) by a preset step, and the above operation is repeated (the next traversal loop). If the traversal loop ends and still does not satisfy the preset condition, the window is slid backward by the preset step again until the preset condition is satisfied, or until the end point of the window reaches or exceeds the last sampling point in the point sequence. That is, when the end point of the window reaches or exceeds the last sampling point after the window is slid by the preset step, and still does not satisfy the preset condition, it means that there is no waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, for example, a steep drop wave, for the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the electrocardiogram lead. In this embodiment, the preset step can be, for example, an integer multiple of the time interval (for example, a sampling period) between adjacent sampling points, and is preferably the time interval between adjacent sampling points, for example, 10 seconds. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that it is also feasible to set the preset step to other values.

[0115] In this embodiment, if the preset condition is that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a first preset threshold and the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a second preset threshold (the first preset condition), the value range of the first preset threshold can be 30% to 40%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the second preset threshold can be 1 uV to 2 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the second preset threshold can be 10% to 20%.

[0116] If the preset condition is that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a first preset threshold value, or the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a second preset threshold value (the first preset condition), the value range of the first preset threshold value can be 50% to 60%. In this case, the value of the second preset threshold value is associated with the window length. In general, the value of the second preset threshold value is positively correlated with the window length, that is, the longer the window length, the larger the second preset threshold value. For example, taking the value range of the window length as 1 minute to 3 minutes as an example, if the window length is 1 minute, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 1 uV to 2 uV when the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, and the value range of the second preset threshold value is 10% to 20% when the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value. If the window length is 2 minutes, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 2 uV to 3 uV when the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, and the value range of the second preset threshold value is 20% to 30% when the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value. If the window length is 3 minutes, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 3 uV to 4 uV when the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, and the value range of the second preset threshold value is 30% to 40% when the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value. Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific values of the above preset threshold values are exemplary, and the purpose is to explain that the second preset threshold value is associated with the window length. For a shorter window length, if a larger second preset threshold value is used, the steep drop wave will be misjudged as a non-steep drop wave. For a longer window length, if a smaller second preset threshold value is used, the non-steep drop wave will be misjudged as a steep drop wave, thereby reducing the recognition accuracy. The specific value can be adjusted according to the actual application.

[0117] The high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to all electrocardiogram leads can be processed as above. If the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to at least one electrocardiogram lead has a waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, such as a steep drop wave, it can be determined that there is a possibility of coronary artery lesion. Conversely, if the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to all electrocardiogram leads does not have a waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, it can be determined that there is no coronary artery lesion.

[0118] Although the window function used in the above embodiment starts from the earliest sampling point in the point sequence, those skilled in the art can understand that it can also start from the latest sampling point in the point sequence.

[0119] In the above embodiments, if it is determined in the traversal process that there are two sampling points satisfying the preset condition, but the high-frequency QRS complex data (or high-frequency QRS waveform curve) can have a significant fluctuation amplitude between the two sampling points, the cause of this situation can be coronary spasm or other factors such as microcirculation disorder. In order to exclude this interference factor, in the preferred embodiments of the present application, after the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfying the preset condition are determined, the first-order difference of the RMS voltage / amplitude / value / intensity of the sampling points between the first sampling point and the second sampling point is calculated to determine a third sampling point corresponding to a minimum value (minimum value point) and at least one fourth sampling point corresponding to a maximum value (maximum value point). Here, the minimum value point refers to a point where the first-order difference result changes from negative to positive, and the maximum value point refers to a point where the first-order difference result changes from positive to negative. For any one of the at least one fourth sampling point, the absolute value of the RMS voltage difference between the fourth sampling point and the third sampling point (referred to as the first RMS voltage difference) is calculated, and the RMS voltage difference between the first sampling point and the second sampling point (referred to as the second RMS voltage difference) is calculated. If the ratio of the first RMS voltage difference to the second RMS voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold, it is determined that there is a significant fluctuation amplitude, it is determined that there is no waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion between the two sampling points (the first sampling point and the second sampling point) of the high-frequency QRS complex data (it is considered that the first sampling point and the second sampling point do not satisfy the preset condition), and the traversal continues according to the case where the preset condition is not satisfied in the above embodiments. If the ratio is less than the third preset threshold, the influence of the significant fluctuation amplitude can be excluded, the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfy the preset condition, and it can be determined that there is a steep drop wave. In the case where the number of fourth sampling points is multiple, it is preferred that the ratio obtained for each fourth sampling point is less than the third preset threshold, and the influence of the significant fluctuation amplitude can be excluded. In an example, the third preset threshold can be, for example, 40%, 50%, etc. Excluding the interference of the significant fluctuation amplitude on the judgment of whether there is a steep drop wave in this way can further improve the evaluation specificity.

[0120] Compared with the scheme for judging whether there is coronary stenosis disclosed in the prior patent application, the coronary artery lesion judgment method provided in the above embodiments can significantly improve the sensitivity without significantly reducing or even not reducing the specificity.

[0121] In further embodiments of the present application, the type of coronary artery lesion, i.e., whether it is coronary stenosis or coronary sclerosis, can be further determined. In this embodiment, the method for determining the possibility of coronary artery lesion can further include the following steps.

[0122] In step S1035, a lead positive indicator corresponding to the high-frequency QRS complex data of the waveform feature indicative of the coronary artery lesion is determined. The determination method of the lead positive indicator is as described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] In step S1035, in the case where the lead positive indicator indicates positive, the type of the coronary artery lesion is determined as coronary stenosis. Wherein, if the critical case (i.e. the state between positive and negative) is considered, the case where the lead positive indicator indicates positive includes the case where the lead positive indicator indicates positive or critical.

[0124] In step S1036, in the case where the lead positive indicator indicates negative, the type of the coronary artery lesion is determined as coronary sclerosis.

[0125] Figure 6 An example flowchart of a myocardial bridge risk prediction method according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. As shown in FIG. 10, the myocardial bridge risk prediction method comprises the following steps. Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, for each candidate high-frequency QRS complex data (i.e., the complex data does not have waveform features indicative of coronary artery lesions), the first sampling point in time sequence in its point sequence can be taken as a reference sampling point (which can be referred to as an initial reference point), the next sampling point in time sequence of the initial reference point can be taken as a traversal starting point to perform traversal in time sequence, and the amplitude drop relative value and voltage drop degree between the initial reference point (the first sampling point in this embodiment) and the current traversal sampling point (the second sampling point in this embodiment) can be calculated. It is determined whether the initial reference point and the current traversal sampling point satisfy a preset condition. If the two sampling points satisfy the preset condition, it can be determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has waveform features (the second waveform features) indicative of myocardial bridge, for example, a slow descent wave, so that it can be determined that there is a possibility of myocardial bridge, and the traversal is stopped. If the preset condition is not satisfied, it is determined whether the time interval between the current traversal sampling point and the initial reference point exceeds a preset time length, and whether the current traversal sampling point is the last sampling point in the point sequence. If the time interval between the current traversal sampling point and the initial reference point does not exceed the preset time length and the current traversal sampling point is not the last sampling point, the next sampling point of the current traversal sampling point is switched to, the next sampling point is taken as a new current traversal sampling point, and the same operation is performed on the new current traversal sampling point. Specifically, the amplitude drop relative value and voltage drop degree between the initial reference point and the new current traversal sampling point are calculated. It is determined whether the initial reference point and the new current traversal sampling point satisfy the preset condition. If the preset condition is satisfied, it can be determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a slow descent wave, i.e., it can be determined that there is a possibility of myocardial bridge, and the traversal is stopped. If the preset condition is not satisfied, the above operation can be repeated to traverse the subsequent sampling points, and if the preset condition is still not satisfied, the traversal can be continued until the time interval between the current traversal sampling point and the initial reference point reaches the preset time length (the preset time interval in this embodiment) or the current traversal sampling point is the last sampling point in the point sequence. If the time interval between the current traversal sampling point and the initial reference point reaches the preset time length or the current traversal sampling point is the last sampling point in the point sequence, the next sampling point of the initial reference point is switched to, the next sampling point is taken as a reference sampling point, and the next traversal loop is performed in the same manner as the above traversal operation. If the preset condition is still not satisfied, the traversal loop can be continuously performed until the preset condition is satisfied or until all sampling points except the last sampling point in the point sequence are taken as reference sampling points to complete the traversal. That is, when the previous sampling point of the last sampling point is taken as a reference sampling point to complete the traversal, and the preset condition is still not satisfied, it is indicated that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data does not have waveform features indicative of myocardial bridge, for example, a slow descent wave.

[0126] In this embodiment, the preset duration can range from, for example, 4 to 6 minutes. If the preset conditions include the relative amplitude decrease between the first and second sampling points reaching a fourth preset threshold and the voltage decrease between the first and second sampling points reaching a fifth preset threshold (the third preset condition), then the fourth preset threshold can range from 30% to 40%. In this case, if the voltage decrease is the absolute value of the voltage decrease, then the fifth preset threshold can range from 1 uV to 2 uV. If the voltage decrease is the ratio of the absolute value of the voltage decrease to the maximum voltage value, then the fifth preset threshold can range from 10% to 20%.

[0127] If the preset conditions include the relative amplitude decrease between the first and second sampling points reaching a fourth preset threshold, or the voltage decrease between the first and second sampling points reaching a fifth preset threshold (the fourth preset condition), then the value of the fourth preset threshold can range from 50% to 60%. In this case, the value of the fifth preset threshold is related to the preset duration. Generally speaking, the value of the fifth preset threshold is positively correlated with the preset duration; that is, the longer the preset duration, the larger the fifth preset threshold. For example, taking a preset duration range of 4 to 6 minutes as an example, if the preset duration is 4 minutes, then when the voltage decrease is the absolute value of the voltage decrease, the value of the fifth preset threshold ranges from 1 uV to 2 uV; when the voltage decrease is the ratio of the absolute value of the voltage decrease to the maximum voltage value, the value of the fifth preset threshold ranges from 10% to 20%. If the preset duration is 5 minutes, then when the voltage drop is the absolute value of the voltage drop, the fifth preset threshold ranges from 2 uV to 3 uV; when the voltage drop is the ratio of the absolute value of the voltage drop to the maximum voltage value, the second preset threshold ranges from 20% to 30%. If the preset duration is 6 minutes, when the voltage drop is the absolute value of the voltage drop, the fifth preset threshold ranges from 3 uV to 4 uV; when the voltage drop is the ratio of the absolute value of the voltage drop to the maximum voltage value, the second preset threshold ranges from 30% to 40%. Those skilled in the art will understand that the specific values ​​of the above preset thresholds are exemplary and are intended to illustrate the correlation between the fifth preset threshold and the preset duration. For a smaller preset duration, using a larger fifth preset threshold may misidentify a sloping wave as a non-sloping wave. For a larger preset duration, using a smaller fifth preset threshold may misidentify a non-sloping wave (such as a flat wave) as a sloping wave, thereby reducing the recognition accuracy. Similarly, the preset duration and the fourth preset threshold are also positively correlated to further improve the recognition accuracy. The specific values ​​can be adjusted according to the actual application.

[0128] All candidate high frequency QRS complex data can be processed as above, if at least one candidate high frequency QRS complex data has waveform characteristics indicative of myocardial bridge, such as a slow descent wave, it can be determined that there is a possibility of myocardial bridge. Conversely, if all candidate high frequency QRS complex data do not have waveform characteristics indicative of myocardial bridge, it can be determined that there is no myocardial bridge.

[0129] Although the above embodiment is described in the order of time from early to late for processing the plurality of sampling points in the point sequence, those skilled in the art can understand that the above method is also applicable to the plurality of sampling points in the order of time from late to early, in which case, the amplitude drop relative value and the voltage drop degree between the current traversal sampling point and the reference sampling point are calculated (in this case, the current traversal sampling point is earlier in time than the reference sampling point).

[0130] Figure 7 An example flow chart of a method for determining the possibility of myocardial bridge according to another embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. As shown in the figure, the method comprises the following steps: Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, a window function can be preset, the window of the window function including a start point and an end point, the distance between the start point and the end point being a window length (in this embodiment, the window length is the preset time interval described above). The window length can be, for example, 4 minutes to 6 minutes. For each candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, the point sequence of the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data is traversed using the window function. Specifically, the earliest first sampling point in the point sequence in time sequence can be taken as the start point of the window, and the first sampling point (in this embodiment, the first sampling point) with the maximum RMS voltage and the second sampling point (in this embodiment, the second sampling point) with the minimum RMS voltage among the sampling points in the point sequence included in the window can be determined. The amplitude drop relative value and the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point are calculated. It is determined whether the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfy a preset condition. If the two sampling points satisfy the preset condition, it can be determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data exists a slow descent wave, i.e., it can be determined that there is a possibility of myocardial bridge, and the traversal is stopped. If the preset condition is not satisfied, the window of the window function is slid backward by a preset step, and the above operation is repeatedly performed. If there is still no case satisfying the preset condition, the window is slid backward by the preset step again until the preset condition is satisfied, or until the end point of the window reaches or exceeds the last sampling point in the point sequence. That is, when the end point of the window reaches or exceeds the last sampling point after the window is slid by the preset step, and there is still no case satisfying the preset condition, it means that there is no wave form feature indicating myocardial bridge, such as a slow descent wave, for the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data. In this embodiment, the preset step can be, for example, an integer multiple of the time interval (e.g., a sampling period) between adjacent two sampling points, and is preferably the time interval between adjacent two sampling points, for example, 10 seconds. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that it is also feasible to set the preset step to other values.

[0131] In this embodiment, if the preset condition includes that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fourth preset threshold and the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fifth preset threshold (a third preset condition), the value range of the fourth preset threshold can be 30% to 40%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold can be 1 uV to 2 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold can be 10% to 20%.

[0132] If the preset condition includes that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fourth preset threshold value, or, the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fifth preset threshold value (the fourth preset condition), the value range of the fourth preset threshold value can be 50% to 60%. In this case, the value of the fifth preset threshold value is associated with the window length. In general, the value of the fifth preset threshold value is positively correlated with the window length, that is, the larger the window length, the larger the fifth preset threshold value. For example, taking the value range of the window length as 4 minutes to 6 minutes as an example, if the window length is 4 minutes, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value is 1 uV to 2 uV in the case of the voltage drop degree being the voltage drop absolute value, and the value range of the fifth preset threshold value is 10% to 20% in the case of the voltage drop degree being the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value. If the window length is 5 minutes, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value is 2 uV to 3 uV in the case of the voltage drop degree being the voltage drop absolute value, and the value range of the second preset threshold value is 20% to 30% in the case of the voltage drop degree being the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value. If the window length is 6 minutes, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value is 3 uV to 4 uV in the case of the voltage drop degree being the voltage drop absolute value, and the value range of the second preset threshold value is 30% to 40% in the case of the voltage drop degree being the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value. Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific values of the above preset threshold values are exemplary, and are used to explain that the fifth preset threshold value is associated with the window length. For a smaller window length, if a larger fifth preset threshold value is used, the slow drop wave will be misjudged as a non-slow drop wave. For a larger window length, if a smaller fifth preset threshold value is used, the non-slow drop wave (such as a flat wave) will be misjudged as a slow drop wave, thereby reducing the recognition accuracy. Similarly, the window length is positively correlated with the fourth preset threshold value, so as to further improve the recognition accuracy. The specific values can be adjusted according to actual application.

[0133] The above processing can be performed on all candidate high-frequency QRS complex data. If at least one piece of candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge, such as a slow drop wave, it can be determined that there is a possibility of a myocardial bridge. Conversely, if all candidate high-frequency QRS complex data do not have a waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge, it can be determined that there is no myocardial bridge.

[0134] Although the window function used in the above embodiments starts from the earliest sampling point in the point sequence, those skilled in the art can understand that it can also start from the latest sampling point in the point sequence.

[0135] Figure 8An example flowchart illustrating a method for determining the likelihood of the presence of myocardial bridging according to another embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, a window function can be preset. The window of this window function includes a start point and an end point, and the distance between the start point and the end point is the window length (in this embodiment, the window length is the preset time interval mentioned above). The value range of the window length can be, for example, 4 minutes to 6 minutes. For each candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, the start point of the window can be aligned with the earliest sampling point in the point sequence in terms of time (i.e., these two points coincide in time). Using this first sampling point as a reference point, each sampling point within the window is traversed sequentially. Specifically, the relative value of amplitude decrease and the degree of voltage decrease between the reference point and the currently traversed sampling point within the window can be calculated. It is determined whether the reference point and the currently traversed sampling point meet preset conditions. If these two sampling points meet the preset conditions, it can be determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has waveform characteristics indicating myocardial bridging, such as a slow-falling wave, and the possibility of myocardial bridging can be determined, and the traversal stops. If the preset conditions are not met, the next sampling point within the window is traversed. If the reference point and the currently traversed sampling point meet the preset conditions, the traversal stops; otherwise, it continues until the last sampling point within the traversal window is traversed. If the preset condition is still not met after all sampling points within the window have been traversed, the traversal loop ends, and the window of the window function can be slid backward (time-wise backward) by a preset step size, and the above operation (the next traversal loop) is repeated. If the preset condition is still not met after the traversal loop ends, the window can be slid backward by the preset step size again until the preset condition is met, or until the end of the window reaches or exceeds the last sampling point in the point sequence. That is, if the preset condition is still not met after the window has slid by the preset step size and its end reaches or exceeds the last sampling point, it indicates that there are no waveform features indicative of myocardial bridging, such as a slow-falling wave, for the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data. In this embodiment, the preset step size can be, for example, an integer multiple of the time interval (e.g., sampling period) between two adjacent sampling points, preferably, the time interval between two adjacent sampling points, such as 10 seconds. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that setting the preset step size to other values ​​is also feasible.

[0136] In this embodiment, if the preset condition includes that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the fourth preset threshold value and the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the fifth preset threshold value (the third preset condition), the value range of the fourth preset threshold value can be 30% to 40%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value can be 1 uV to 2 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value can be 10% to 20%.

[0137] If the preset condition includes that the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the fourth preset threshold value or the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the fifth preset threshold value (the fourth preset condition), the value range of the fourth preset threshold value can be 50% to 60%. In this case, the value of the fifth preset threshold value is associated with the window length. In general, the value of the fifth preset threshold value is positively correlated with the window length, that is, the larger the window length, the larger the fifth preset threshold value. For example, taking the value range of the window length as 4 minutes to 6 minutes, if the window length is 4 minutes, in the case of the voltage drop degree being the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value is 1 uV to 2 uV, and in the case of the voltage drop degree being the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 10% to 20%. If the window length is 5 minutes, in the case of the voltage drop degree being the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value is 2 uV to 3 uV, and in the case of the voltage drop degree being the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 20% to 30%. If the window length is 6 minutes, in the case of the voltage drop degree being the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value is 3 uV to 4 uV, and in the case of the voltage drop degree being the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the second preset threshold value is 30% to 40%. Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific values of the above preset threshold values are exemplary, and are used to illustrate that the fifth preset threshold value is associated with the window length. For a smaller window length, if a larger fifth preset threshold value is used, the slow decline wave will be misjudged as a non-slow decline wave. For a larger window length, if a smaller fifth preset threshold value is used, the non-slow decline wave (such as a flat wave) will be misjudged as a slow decline wave, thereby reducing the recognition accuracy. Similarly, the window length is positively correlated with the fourth preset threshold value, so as to further improve the recognition accuracy. The specific values can be adjusted according to actual application.

[0138] The above processing can be performed on all candidate high-frequency QRS complex data. If at least one candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a waveform feature indicative of a myocardial bridge, such as a slow descent wave, it can be determined that there is a possibility of a myocardial bridge. Conversely, if all candidate high-frequency QRS complex data do not have a waveform feature indicative of a myocardial bridge, it can be determined that there is no myocardial bridge.

[0139] Although the window function used in the above embodiment starts from the earliest sampling point in time sequence in the point sequence, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that it can also start from the latest sampling point in time sequence in the point sequence.

[0140] In the above embodiment, the value of the preset time interval (e.g., preset time length, window length) for myocardial bridge determination is larger than the value of the preset time interval (e.g., preset time length, window length) for coronary artery lesion determination, the fourth preset threshold is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, and the fifth preset threshold is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold. In addition, the time interval between two adjacent sampling points in the plurality of sampling points for myocardial bridge determination can be larger than the time interval between two adjacent sampling points in the plurality of sampling points for coronary artery lesion determination. For example, the time interval between two adjacent sampling points in the plurality of sampling points for myocardial bridge determination can be, for example, 12 seconds, and the time interval between two adjacent sampling points in the plurality of sampling points for coronary artery lesion determination can be, for example, 10 seconds.

[0141] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, in order to improve the accuracy of myocardial bridge determination, after obtaining the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data can be smoothed to smooth out the points with slight fluctuations. For example, the root mean square voltage / intensity / amplitude of a plurality of data points can be curve-smoothed in time sequence to obtain the smoothed candidate high-frequency QRS complex data.

[0142] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the first sampling point and the second sampling point in the first preset condition can be determined in the following manner. Increasing the determination of this condition can further improve the accuracy of myocardial bridge determination or identification.

[0143] Specifically, if it is determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a first sampling point and a second sampling point that satisfy the following conditions, i.e.,

[0144] the amplitude drop relative value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the fourth preset threshold and the voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the fifth preset threshold (the case of the third preset condition); or

[0145] The amplitude drop between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fourth preset threshold, or the voltage drop between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a fifth preset threshold (the fourth preset condition). The first-order difference of the RMS voltage / amplitude / intensity of the sampling points in the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data located in the current preset time interval (for example, a preset time length, a window length) can be calculated to obtain a difference sequence, and the number of continuous values greater than or equal to zero in the difference sequence is determined. If the number is less than or equal to a number threshold, for example, 2 (that is, the flat wave or rising wave can be excluded), it can be determined that the RMS voltage of each sampling point between the first sampling point and the second sampling point shows a continuous downward trend. At this time, it can be determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge, for example, a slow descending wave, and it can be determined that there is a possibility of a myocardial bridge.

[0146] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, in order to further improve the accuracy of myocardial bridge judgment or identification, for example, to further exclude the possibility of steep descending wave in the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, after obtaining the difference sequence, all difference sequence groups are determined, each difference sequence group includes a number of continuous difference values, and the sum of the number of difference values in each sequence group is calculated. For example, assuming that the difference sequence includes N difference values, the number of continuous difference values is n, N and n are natural numbers, and n < N. The first sequence group can include the first difference value to the n-th difference value, the second sequence group can include the second difference value to the n+1-th difference value, and so on. If the number of continuous values greater than or equal to zero in the difference sequence is less than or equal to 2, and the sum of the difference values of each difference sequence group is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, it can be determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge, for example, a slow descending wave, and it can be determined that there is a possibility of a myocardial bridge. The sum of the continuous difference values can further exclude the steep descending situation, that is, exclude the situation that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a steep descending wave. In an example, the number of continuous difference values in each sequence group can be, for example, 5, and the predetermined value can be, for example, -15. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that as long as the purpose of excluding the steep descending wave is achieved, other numerical values can be set according to actual application.

[0147] In theory, the RMS voltage drop of the high-frequency QRS complex data caused by the myocardial bridge will last until the exercise ends or even a period of time (for example, 20 seconds) after the exercise ends, and the duration is at least 3 minutes, and it is a continuous slow decline. In alternative or additional embodiments of the present application, a technical solution can be designed according to this phenomenon to determine whether there is a possibility of a myocardial bridge.

[0148] Figure 9 An example flowchart of a method for determining the possibility of a myocardial bridge according to another embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. As shown in FIG. 6, the method can include the following steps.Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, candidate high-frequency QRS complex data can be determined from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead, which does not have waveform features indicative of coronary artery lesions, such as a sharp drop wave.

[0149] For any candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, at least one sampling point in the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data within a preset time period is determined as a reference sampling point. In an example, the preset time period can be a time period from the time when the exercise ends in the exercise electrocardiogram detection process to a time after the exercise ends, for example, from the time when the exercise ends to 20 to 30 seconds after the exercise ends. In this embodiment, the reference sampling point in step S1043 is determined from the sampling points within a period of time after the exercise ends.

[0150] The to-be-traversed sampling points are determined according to the determined reference sampling points, wherein the to-be-traversed sampling points are sampling points within a preset time interval before the reference sampling points in the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data. In an example, the preset time interval is within the exercise phase of the load exercise electrocardiogram detection process. The preset time interval can include a plurality of continuous subintervals (i.e., adjacent to each other but not overlapping). For example, taking the reference sampling point as the exercise end point and the time point of the exercise end point as 9 minutes (counting from the start of the load exercise electrocardiogram detection process), the preset time interval can be 3 to 6 minutes before the reference sampling point, and the preset time interval can include a first subinterval, a second subinterval, and a third subinterval. The first subinterval can be 3 to 4 minutes before the reference sampling point (not including 3 minutes but including 4 minutes), and taking the start of the load exercise electrocardiogram detection process as the counting zero point, the first subinterval can be represented as: [5 minutes, 6 minutes); the second subinterval can be 4 to 5 minutes before the reference sampling point, which can also be represented as: [4 minutes, 5 minutes); and the third subinterval can be 5 to 6 minutes before the reference sampling point, which can also be represented as: [3 minutes, 4 minutes). In the embodiments of the present application, if the number of at least one reference sampling point includes multiple, each reference sampling point can have a corresponding preset time interval. That is, the time position (timestamp) of the reference sampling point can be different, and the (time) position of the corresponding preset time interval can also be different, and the (time) position of each subinterval of the corresponding preset time interval can also be different.

[0151] The sampling points in the plurality of subintervals can be traversed to determine whether there is a target sampling point in each subinterval that meets the preset condition corresponding to the subinterval. In the embodiments of the present application, the preset conditions corresponding to different subintervals can be different.

[0152] In an example case, the preset condition can be that the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point is in a continuous decreasing trend, and the amplitude drop relative value between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point reaches a fourth preset threshold and the voltage drop degree between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point reaches a fifth preset threshold (a third preset condition). In another example case, the preset condition can be that the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point is in a continuous decreasing trend, and the amplitude drop relative value between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point reaches the fourth preset threshold or the voltage drop degree between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point reaches the fifth preset threshold (a fourth preset condition).

[0153] In the embodiments of the present application, the preset conditions corresponding to different sub-intervals can be different. Specifically, the fourth preset threshold and the fifth preset threshold corresponding to different sub-intervals can be different. The farther the sub-interval is from the reference sampling point in time, the greater the fourth preset threshold and the fifth preset threshold are.

[0154] For example, if the preset condition includes that the amplitude drop relative value between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point reaches the fourth preset threshold and the voltage drop degree between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point reaches the fifth preset threshold (the third preset condition), the value range of the fourth preset threshold can be 30% to 40% for the first sub-interval. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold can be 2 uV to 3 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold can be 30% to 40%. For the second sub-interval, the value range of the fourth preset threshold can be 40% to 50%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold can be 3 uV to 4 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold can be 40% to 50%. For the third sub-interval, the value range of the fourth preset threshold can be 50% to 60%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold can be 4 uV to 5 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold can be 50% to 60%.

[0155] If the preset condition includes that the amplitude drop relative value between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point reaches a fourth preset threshold value and the voltage drop degree between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point reaches a fifth preset threshold value (the third preset condition), for the first sub-interval, the value range of the fourth preset threshold value can be 40% to 50%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value can be 3 uV to 4 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value can be 40% to 50%. For the second sub-interval, the value range of the fourth preset threshold value can be 50% to 60%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value can be 4 uV to 5 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value can be 50% to 60%. For the third sub-interval, the value range of the fourth preset threshold value can be 60% to 70%. In this case, if the voltage drop degree is the voltage drop absolute value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value can be 5 uV to 6 uV. If the voltage drop degree is the ratio of the voltage drop absolute value to the maximum voltage value, the value range of the fifth preset threshold value can be 60% to 70%.

[0156] During the traversal, if there is a target sampling point satisfying the corresponding preset condition in any one of the plurality of sub-intervals, it can be determined that there is a possibility of myocardial bridge. The traversal manner can include sequentially traversing the to-be-traversed sampling points in the reverse order of time sequence, or performing parallel traversal for the plurality of sub-intervals. For the case where the at least one reference sampling point includes a plurality of reference sampling points, if no target reference point satisfying the preset condition is found after completing the traversal for a certain reference sampling point, the traversal operation is switched to the next reference sampling point to be re-performed. If no target reference point satisfying the preset condition is found after the traversal is performed for all the reference sampling points, it can be determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data does not have the waveform feature indicating myocardial bridge.

[0157] All candidate high-frequency QRS complex data can be processed as above, and if at least one candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has the waveform feature indicating myocardial bridge, such as a slow descent wave, it can be determined that there is a possibility of myocardial bridge. Conversely, if all candidate high-frequency QRS complex data do not have the waveform feature indicating myocardial bridge, it can be determined that there is no myocardial bridge.

[0158] The determination method of the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the target sampling point and the reference sampling point in the preset condition in this embodiment can be the same as that in the previous embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0159] In embodiments of the present application, a processor is configured to perform the method described in the above embodiments.

[0160] In embodiments of the present application, a machine readable storage medium is provided, having stored thereon instructions for causing a machine to perform the method described in the above embodiments.

[0161] In embodiments of the present application, a processing apparatus is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing instructions, the processor being configured to call and execute the instructions from the memory to implement the method described in the above embodiments.

[0162] Examples of the processor can include, but are not limited to, a single-chip microcomputer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc.

[0163] The memory can include a non-persistent memory in a computer readable medium, a random access memory (RAM) and / or a non-volatile memory such as a read-only memory (ROM) or a flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0164] Figure 10 An example block diagram of a myocardial bridge risk prediction system according to embodiments of the present application is schematically shown. As shown, in embodiments of the present application, a myocardial bridge risk prediction system can include: Figure 10

[0165] An electrocardiosignal acquisition device 100 including at least one electrode forming at least one electrocardiogram lead for acquiring electrocardiosignals of a subject; and

[0166] The processing apparatus 200 described above.

[0167] The electrocardiosignal acquisition device 100 can further include a display configured to display various data and information, including but not limited to, for example, subject information such as age, height, weight, etc., and electrocardiosignal / QRS complex data / QRS waveform curve, etc. acquired through the electrocardiogram lead.

[0168] The processing apparatus 200 can be configured to perform the various methods described in the above embodiments.

[0169] Specifically, in an embodiment, a method performed by a computer for assessing a subject's heart health status can include:

[0170] ​acquire an exercise electrocardiogram signal of a subject in a process of detecting an electrocardiogram of the subject in a load exercise;

[0171] analyze the exercise electrocardiogram signal to obtain exercise electrocardiogram data.

[0172] In an embodiment, determining the possibility of existence of the coronary artery lesion according to the exercise electrocardiogram data comprises:

[0173] obtaining a first point sequence corresponding to each of the electrocardiogram leads according to the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each of the electrocardiogram leads respectively, the first point sequence comprising a plurality of sampling points arranged in time sequence;

[0174] for the first point sequence corresponding to any of the electrocardiogram leads, in a traversal loop, taking any of the plurality of sampling points in the first point sequence as a current reference sampling point, traversing the sampling points within a first preset time interval from the current reference sampling point to determine whether there are first and second sampling points satisfying a preset condition within the first preset time interval, wherein the first sampling point is earlier than the second sampling point in time sequence, and the sampling points within the first preset time interval include the current reference sampling point;

[0175] in a case where it is determined that there are first and second sampling points satisfying the preset condition, determining that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the any of the electrocardiogram leads has a first waveform feature indicative of the coronary artery lesion, thereby determining the possibility of existence of the coronary artery lesion;

[0176] in a case where it is determined that there are no first and second sampling points satisfying the preset condition, ending the current traversal loop, and determining other sampling points in the first point sequence except the current reference sampling point as new reference sampling points;

[0177] performing a next traversal loop for the new reference sampling points until it is determined that there are first and second sampling points satisfying the preset condition, or all the sampling points in the first point sequence that need to be traversed are traversed.

[0178] In an embodiment, determining the possibility of existence of the coronary artery lesion according to the exercise electrocardiogram data further comprises:

[0179] in a case where all the sampling points in the first point sequence that need to be traversed are traversed without first and second sampling points satisfying the preset condition, determining that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the any of the electrocardiogram leads has no first waveform feature indicative of the coronary artery lesion;

[0180] in a case where all the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the electrocardiogram leads has no first waveform feature indicative of the coronary artery lesion, determining that there is no possibility of existence of the coronary artery lesion.

[0181] In an embodiment, the preset condition comprises:

[0182] a relative value of amplitude drop between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a first preset threshold value and a voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches a second preset threshold value; or

[0183] a relative value of amplitude drop between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the first preset threshold value or a voltage drop degree between the first sampling point and the second sampling point reaches the second preset threshold value.

[0184] In an embodiment, the first preset time interval comprises a preset time length. For a first point sequence corresponding to any electrocardiogram lead, in an iteration loop, any sampling point in the first point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, and sampling points within the first preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are iterated to determine whether there are a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying a preset condition within the first preset time interval, comprising:

[0185] the first sampling point in the first point sequence is taken as the current reference sampling point, and iteration is started from a next sampling point in time sequence of the current reference sampling point to determine whether the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point satisfy the preset condition;

[0186] in a case where the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point do not satisfy the preset condition, it is determined whether a time interval between the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point exceeds a preset time length;

[0187] in a case where it is determined that the time interval between the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point exceeds the preset time length, it is determined that the iteration loop ends.

[0188] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there are a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, it is determined that high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the arbitrary electrocardiogram lead has a first waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, thereby determining that there is a coronary artery lesion possibility, comprising:

[0189] in a case where it is determined that there are a current iteration sampling point and a current reference sampling point satisfying the preset condition during the iteration loop, it is determined that high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the arbitrary electrocardiogram lead has a first waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, thereby determining that there is a coronary artery lesion possibility.

[0190] In an embodiment, after the current iteration loop ends, other sampling points in the first point sequence except the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points, comprising:

[0191] a next sampling point in time sequence of the current reference sampling point is determined as the new reference sampling point.

[0192] In an embodiment, the next iteration loop is performed for a new reference sampling point, and the iteration loop is repeated until it is determined that there exists the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, or the sampling points in the first point sequence that need to be iterated are all iterated, including:

[0193] The next iteration loop is performed from the next sampling point in time sequence of the new reference sampling point, and the iteration loop is repeated until it is determined that there exists the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point satisfying the preset condition, or the current iteration sampling point is the last sampling point in the first point sequence.

[0194] In an embodiment, the first preset time interval includes a window length of a window function. For the first point sequence corresponding to any electrocardiogram lead, in an iteration loop, any sampling point in the first point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, and the sampling points in the first preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are iterated to determine whether there exists the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfying the preset condition in the first preset time interval, including:

[0195] The first sampling point in the first point sequence in the earliest time sequence is taken as the starting point of the window, and the sampling points in the first point sequence contained in the window are iterated to determine the first sampling point with the maximum root mean square (RMS) voltage and the second sampling point with the minimum RMS voltage in time sequence after the first sampling point in the current window;

[0196] It is determined whether the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfy the preset condition.

[0197] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there exists the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, it is determined that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the arbitrary electrocardiogram lead exists the first waveform feature indicating the coronary artery lesion, thereby determining the coronary artery lesion possibility, including:

[0198] In a case where it is determined that the first sampling point and the second sampling point in the current window satisfy the preset condition, it is determined that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the arbitrary electrocardiogram lead exists the first waveform feature indicating the coronary artery lesion, thereby determining the coronary artery lesion possibility.

[0199] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there exists the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, the current iteration loop is ended, and the other sampling points in the first point sequence except the current reference sampling point are determined as the new reference sampling point, including:

[0200] In a case where it is determined that there is no first sampling point and second sampling point satisfying the preset condition in the current window, the current iteration loop ends, and the window is moved backward in time by a preset step size.

[0201] In an embodiment, the next iteration loop is performed for a new reference sampling point until it is determined that there is a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, or all sampling points in the first point sequence that need to be iterated are iterated, including:

[0202] The next iteration loop is performed for the sampling points in the window moved by the preset step size, and the iteration loop is repeated until it is determined that there is a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, or the end point of the current window reaches at least the last sampling point in the first point sequence.

[0203] In an embodiment, the first preset time interval includes a window length of a window function. For a first point sequence corresponding to any electrocardiogram lead, in an iteration loop, any sampling point in the plurality of sampling points in the first point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, and the sampling points in the first preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are iterated to determine whether there is a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying the preset condition in the first preset time interval, including:

[0204] The first sampling point in the first point sequence that is the earliest in time is taken as the starting point of the window, and the sampling points in the first point sequence contained in the window are iterated to determine whether there is a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying the preset condition in the current window.

[0205] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there is a first sampling point and a second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, it is determined that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the arbitrary electrocardiogram lead has a first waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, thereby determining the possibility of coronary artery lesion, including:

[0206] In a case where it is determined that the first sampling point and the second sampling point in the current window satisfy the preset condition, it is determined that the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the arbitrary electrocardiogram lead has a first waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesion, thereby determining the possibility of coronary artery lesion.

[0207] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there is no first sampling point and second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, the current iteration loop ends, and other sampling points in the first point sequence except the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points, including:

[0208] In a case where it is determined that there is no first sampling point and second sampling point satisfying the preset condition in the current window, the current iteration loop ends, and the window is moved backward in time by a preset step size.

[0209] In an embodiment, the next iteration loop is performed for the new reference sampling point, and the iteration loop is repeated until it is determined that there exists the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, or all the sampling points in the first point sequence that need to be iterated are iterated, including:

[0210] The next iteration loop is performed for the sampling points in the window after the window is moved by the preset step, and the iteration loop is repeated until it is determined that there exists the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfying the preset condition, or the end point of the current window reaches at least the last sampling point in the first point sequence.

[0211] In an embodiment, the determining the possibility of existence of the coronary artery lesion according to the exercise electrocardiogram data further includes:

[0212] In a case where the first sampling point and the second sampling point satisfying the preset condition are determined, a first-order difference of mean square error voltages of the sampling points between the first sampling point and the second sampling point in the first point sequence is determined to determine a minimum value sampling point corresponding to a minimum value and at least one maximum value sampling point corresponding to a maximum value;

[0213] A first root mean square voltage difference value between the maximum value sampling point and the minimum value sampling point is calculated;

[0214] A second root mean square voltage difference value between the first sampling point and the second sampling point is calculated;

[0215] In a case where a ratio of the first root mean square voltage difference value to the second root mean square voltage difference value is greater than or equal to a third threshold value, the first sampling point and the second sampling point are re-determined as not satisfying the preset condition.

[0216] In an embodiment, the determining the possibility of existence of the coronary artery lesion according to the exercise electrocardiogram data further includes:

[0217] A lead positive index corresponding to the high-frequency QRS complex data of the first waveform feature indicating the coronary artery lesion is determined;

[0218] In a case where the lead positive index indicates positive or critical, the type of the coronary artery lesion is determined as coronary stenosis;

[0219] In a case where the lead positive index indicates negative, the type of the coronary artery lesion is determined as coronary sclerosis.

[0220] In an embodiment, the myocardial bridge risk prediction method further includes:

[0221] The candidate high-frequency QRS complex data that does not exist the first waveform feature indicating the coronary artery lesion is determined from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead;

[0222] corresponding to the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, the second point sequence including a plurality of sampling points arranged in time sequence;

[0223] For the second point sequence corresponding to any candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, in an iteration loop, any sampling point in the plurality of sampling points in the second point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, and sampling points within a second preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are iterated to determine whether there are third and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition within the second preset time interval, wherein the third sampling point is earlier in time sequence than the fourth sampling point;

[0224] In the case where it is determined that there are third and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, it is determined that the second waveform feature indicating myocardial bridge exists in the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, thereby determining the possibility of myocardial bridge;

[0225] In the case where it is determined that there are no third and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, the current iteration loop ends, and other sampling points in the second point sequence except the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points;

[0226] The next iteration loop is performed for the new reference sampling point, and the iteration loop is repeated until it is determined that there are third and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, or all sampling points in the second point sequence that need to be iterated are iterated.

[0227] In an embodiment, the second preset time interval includes a preset time length. For the second point sequence corresponding to any candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, in an iteration loop, any sampling point in the plurality of sampling points in the second point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, and sampling points within a second preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are iterated to determine whether there are third and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition within the second preset time interval, including:

[0228] The first sampling point in time sequence in the second point sequence is taken as the current reference sampling point, and iteration is performed from the next sampling point in time sequence of the current reference sampling point to determine whether the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point satisfy another preset condition;

[0229] In the case where the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point do not satisfy another preset condition, it is determined whether the time interval between the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point exceeds a preset time length;

[0230] In the case where it is determined that the time interval between the current iteration sampling point and the current reference sampling point exceeds a preset time length, it is determined that the iteration loop ends.

[0231] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there exist a third sampling point and a fourth sampling point satisfying another preset condition, it is determined that the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has the second waveform feature indicating the myocardial bridge, thereby determining the possibility of the myocardial bridge, comprising:

[0232] In a case where it is determined that there exist a current traversal sampling point and a current reference sampling point satisfying a preset condition during the traversal loop, it is determined that the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has the second waveform feature indicating the myocardial bridge, thereby determining the possibility of the myocardial bridge.

[0233] In an embodiment, after the current traversal loop ends, other sampling points in the second point sequence except the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points, comprising:

[0234] A next sampling point of the current reference sampling point in time sequence is determined as a new reference sampling point.

[0235] In an embodiment, a next traversal loop is performed for the new reference sampling point, and the traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there exist a third sampling point and a fourth sampling point satisfying another preset condition, or all sampling points to be traversed in the second point sequence are traversed, comprising:

[0236] A next traversal loop is performed from a next sampling point of the new reference sampling point in time sequence, and the traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there exist a current traversal sampling point and a current reference sampling point satisfying a preset condition, or the current traversal sampling point is the last sampling point in the second point sequence.

[0237] In an embodiment, the second preset time interval includes a window length of a window function. For a second point sequence corresponding to the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, in a traversal loop, any sampling point of a plurality of sampling points in the second point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, and sampling points in a second preset time interval starting from the current reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there exist a third sampling point and a fourth sampling point satisfying another preset condition in the second preset time interval, wherein the third sampling point is earlier than the fourth sampling point in time sequence, comprising:

[0238] A first sampling point in the second point sequence that is earliest in time sequence is taken as a starting point of a window, and sampling points in the second point sequence contained in the window are traversed to determine a third sampling point with a maximum root mean square (RMS) voltage in the current window and a fourth sampling point with a minimum RMS voltage after the third sampling point in time sequence;

[0239] It is determined whether the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point satisfy another preset condition.

[0240] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, it is determined that the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has the second waveform feature indicating the myocardial bridge, thereby determining the possibility of the myocardial bridge, comprising:

[0241] In a case where it is determined that the third sampling points and the fourth sampling points in the current window satisfy another preset condition, it is determined that the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has the second waveform feature indicating the myocardial bridge, thereby determining the possibility of the myocardial bridge.

[0242] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there do not exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, the current traversal loop ends, and other sampling points in the second point sequence except the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points, comprising:

[0243] In a case where it is determined that there do not exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition in the current window, the current traversal loop ends, and the window is moved backward by a preset step in time sequence.

[0244] In an embodiment, a next traversal loop is performed on the new reference sampling points, and the traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, or all sampling points to be traversed in the second point sequence are traversed, comprising:

[0245] A next traversal loop is performed on the sampling points in the window moved by the preset step, and the traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, or the end point of the current window reaches at least the last sampling point in the second point sequence.

[0246] In an embodiment, the second preset time interval includes a window length of a window function. For the second point sequence corresponding to the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, in a traversal loop, any sampling point in the plurality of sampling points in the second point sequence is taken as a current reference sampling point, and the sampling points in the second preset time interval from the current reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition in the second preset time interval, comprising:

[0247] The first sampling point in the second point sequence that is earliest in time sequence is taken as a starting point of a window, and the sampling points in the second point sequence contained in the window are traversed to determine whether there exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition in the current window.

[0248] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, it is determined that the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data exist the second waveform feature indicating the myocardial bridge, thereby determining the possibility of the myocardial bridge, comprising:

[0249] In a case where it is determined that the third sampling points and the fourth sampling points in the current window satisfy another preset condition, it is determined that the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data exist the second waveform feature indicating the myocardial bridge, thereby determining the possibility of the myocardial bridge.

[0250] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that there do not exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, the current traversal loop ends, and other sampling points in the second point sequence except the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points, comprising:

[0251] In a case where it is determined that there do not exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition in the current window, the current traversal loop ends, and the window is moved backward by a preset step in time sequence.

[0252] In an embodiment, a next traversal loop is performed for the new reference sampling points until it is determined that there exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, or all sampling points to be traversed in the second point sequence are traversed, comprising:

[0253] A next traversal loop is performed for the sampling points in the window moved by the preset step, and the traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there exist third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, or an end point of the current window reaches at least a last sampling point in the second point sequence.

[0254] In an embodiment, the determining the possibility of the myocardial bridge from the motion electrocardiogram data further comprises:

[0255] In a case where all sampling points to be traversed in the second point sequence are traversed and there are no third sampling points and fourth sampling points satisfying another preset condition, it is determined that the corresponding candidate high-frequency QRS complex data do not exist the second waveform feature indicating the myocardial bridge;

[0256] In a case where all candidate high-frequency QRS complex data do not exist the second waveform feature indicating the myocardial bridge, it is determined that there is no myocardial bridge.

[0257] In the embodiments of the present application, the another preset condition comprises:

[0258] The amplitude drop relative value between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches a fourth preset threshold value, and the voltage drop degree between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches a fifth preset threshold value, and the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point shows a continuous downward trend; or

[0259] the amplitude drop relative value between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches a fourth preset threshold value or the voltage drop degree between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches a fifth preset threshold value, and the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point is in a continuous decreasing trend.

[0260] In an embodiment, the length of the second preset time interval is greater than the length of the first preset time interval.

[0261] In an embodiment, the fourth preset threshold value is greater than the first preset threshold value, and the fifth preset threshold value is greater than the second preset threshold value.

[0262] In an embodiment, in a case where it is determined that the amplitude drop relative value between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches the fourth preset threshold value and / or the voltage drop degree between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point reaches the fifth preset threshold value, a first-order difference of the root mean square voltage of the sampling point in the second point sequence corresponding to the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data and located in the current second preset time interval is calculated, to obtain a difference sequence;

[0263] The number of continuous values greater than or equal to zero in the difference sequence is determined.

[0264] If the number is less than or equal to a first number threshold value, it is determined that the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the third sampling point and the fourth sampling point is in a continuous decreasing trend.

[0265] In an embodiment, all difference sequence groups are determined according to the difference sequence, each difference sequence group including a number of continuous difference values;

[0266] The sum of the difference values of each difference sequence group is calculated.

[0267] If the number of continuous values greater than or equal to zero in the difference sequence is less than or equal to a second number threshold value, and the sum of the difference values of each difference sequence group is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, it is determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a waveform feature indicative of a myocardial bridge.

[0268] In an embodiment, determining the possibility of the presence of a myocardial bridge according to the exercise electrocardiogram data includes:

[0269] Determining candidate high-frequency QRS complex data from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead, the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data not having a first waveform feature indicative of a coronary artery lesion;

[0270] Obtaining a corresponding second point sequence from the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, the second point sequence including a plurality of sampling points arranged in time sequence;

[0271] corresponding to any candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, at least one sampling point in the second point sequence located in a preset time period is determined as a reference sampling point;

[0272] determining a to-be-traversed sampling point in the second point sequence according to the determined reference sampling point, wherein the to-be-traversed sampling point is a sampling point in a third preset time interval before the reference sampling point;

[0273] traversing the to-be-traversed sampling point to determine whether a target sampling point exists, wherein the target sampling point and the reference sampling point satisfy another preset condition;

[0274] in a case where it is determined that the target sampling point exists, it is determined that the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data has a second waveform feature indicating a myocardial bridge, thereby determining that the myocardial bridge exists.

[0275] In an embodiment, the preset time period is a time period from the time when the exercise ends to a time after the exercise ends.

[0276] In an embodiment, the third preset time interval is located in an exercise phase of the load exercise electrocardio detection process.

[0277] In an embodiment, the third preset time interval includes a plurality of continuous subintervals, and different subintervals correspond to different preset conditions.

[0278] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages. The existing myocardial bridge evaluation methods have disadvantages, such as coronary angiography being invasive, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) having radiation and being able to capture only the coronary morphology in a resting state, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) being expensive, time-consuming, and having limited motion evaluation capability in a heart load state, and the like. However, the myocardial bridge qualitative evaluation in the present application is non-invasive, non-radiative, dynamic, and in line with real physiological conditions, based on the following core qualitative logic: in a load exercise, the heart rate of the subject continuously rises, the myocardial fibers of the myocardial bridge continuously and progressively squeeze the coronary artery, the coronary blood flow gradually and continuously decreases, the degree of myocardial blood supply deficiency continuously increases, and the amplitude / voltage of the high-frequency QRS complex continuously and slowly decreases, which is reflected in the high-frequency QRS time intensity curve as no steep drop and continuous slow drop. In this way, the myocardial bridge is qualitatively diagnosed. It is worth noting that in a load exercise, coronary stenosis or coronary arteriosclerosis and other coronary lesions can cause a sudden decrease in myocardial blood supply, and the amplitude of the high-frequency QRS complex will rapidly and significantly decrease (steep drop). After excluding this waveform (steep drop wave), the myocardial bridge is qualitatively identified, which can effectively eliminate the interference of coronary stenosis, thereby improving the qualitative accuracy of the myocardial bridge. In short, the myocardial bridge risk prediction method provided by the embodiments of the present application has the core advantages of being non-invasive, convenient, and attempting to improve the specificity and sensitivity of auxiliary diagnosis from the electrophysiological mechanism.

[0279] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the application can be readily used as software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0280] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the one or more functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks.

[0281] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the one or more functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks.

[0282] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the one or more functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks.

[0283] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0284] The memory can include non-persistent memory and / or volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) about which the processor can execute instructions. The memory can also include non-volatile memory, such as read only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, about which permanent data can be stored, such as instructions for the processor. The memory is an example of computer readable media.

[0285] Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, movable and non-movable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassette, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. According to the definition herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory media such as modulated data signals and carriers.

[0286] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising", "containing", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a list of elements does not only include those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent in such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

[0287] The above is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging, characterized in that, include: Acquire exercise electrocardiogram data output through at least one electrocardiogram lead; High-frequency QRS complex data were obtained based on the exercise electrocardiogram data; Candidate high-frequency QRS complex data are determined from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead. The candidate high-frequency QRS complex data does not have the first waveform characteristics that indicate coronary artery lesions. The corresponding second point sequence is obtained based on the candidate high-frequency QRS group data. This second point sequence includes multiple sampling points arranged in time sequence. For any candidate high-frequency QRS group data corresponding to the second point sequence, in one traversal loop, any one of the multiple sampling points in the second point sequence is taken as the current reference sampling point, and the sampling points in the second preset time interval starting from the current reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there are a third sampling point and a fourth sampling point that satisfy another preset condition in the second preset time interval, wherein the third sampling point is earlier than the fourth sampling point in time. If a third sampling point and a fourth sampling point that meet the preset conditions are found, the second waveform feature indicating myocardial bridging is determined in the arbitrary candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, thereby determining the possibility of myocardial bridging. If it is determined that there are no third or fourth sampling points that meet the preset conditions, the current traversal loop ends, and other sampling points in the second point sequence other than the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points; For the new reference sampling point, perform the next traversal loop, repeat the traversal loop until it is determined that there are third and fourth sampling points that meet the preset conditions, or all the sampling points that need to be traversed in the second point sequence have been traversed. The preset conditions include: The relative decrease in amplitude between the third and fourth sampling points reaches the fourth preset threshold, and the voltage decrease between the third and fourth sampling points reaches the fifth preset threshold, and the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the third and fourth sampling points shows a continuous decreasing trend; or The relative value of the amplitude decrease between the third and fourth sampling points reaches the fourth preset threshold or the degree of voltage decrease between the third and fourth sampling points reaches the fifth preset threshold, and the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the third and fourth sampling points shows a continuous downward trend.

2. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second preset time interval includes a preset duration. For any candidate high-frequency QRS group data corresponding to the second point sequence, in one iteration, any one of the multiple sampling points in the second point sequence is used as the current reference sampling point. The sampling points within the second preset time interval starting from the current reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there are third and fourth sampling points that meet preset conditions within the second preset time interval, including: The first sampling point in the second point sequence, which is the earliest in time, is taken as the current reference sampling point. The traversal starts from the next sampling point in time of the current reference sampling point to determine whether the current traversed sampling point and the current reference sampling point meet the preset condition. If the current traversed sampling point and the current reference sampling point do not meet the preset condition, determine whether the time interval between the current traversed sampling point and the current reference sampling point exceeds the preset duration; If the time interval between the current traversed sampling point and the current reference sampling point exceeds the preset duration, the traversal loop is terminated.

3. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 2, characterized in that, For the new reference sampling point, perform the next traversal loop, repeating the traversal loop until it is determined that there are a third and fourth sampling points that satisfy another preset condition, or all sampling points in the second point sequence that need to be traversed have been traversed, including: The next traversal loop begins from the next sampling point in the time sequence of the new reference sampling point. The traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there exists a current traversal sampling point and a current reference sampling point that satisfy the preset conditions, or the current traversal sampling point is the last sampling point in the second point sequence.

4. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second preset time interval includes the window length of the window function. For any candidate high-frequency QRS group data corresponding to the second point sequence, in one iteration, any one of the multiple sampling points in the second point sequence is used as the current reference sampling point. The sampling points within the second preset time interval starting from the current reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there are third and fourth sampling points that satisfy the preset conditions within the second preset time interval, wherein the third sampling point is earlier than the fourth sampling point in time, including: Using the earliest sampling point in the second point sequence as the starting point of the window, the sampling points in the second point sequence contained in the window are traversed to determine the third sampling point with the largest root mean square voltage and the fourth sampling point with the smallest root mean square voltage that is located after the third sampling point in the current window. Determine whether the third and fourth sampling points meet the preset conditions.

5. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 4, characterized in that, The next traversal loop is performed on the new reference sampling point. This traversal loop is repeated until it is determined that there are third and fourth sampling points that satisfy the preset condition, or all sampling points in the second point sequence that need to be traversed have been traversed, including: The sampling points within the window after moving the preset step size are traversed again in the next loop. The loop is repeated until it is determined that there are third and fourth sampling points that meet the preset conditions, or the end point of the current window reaches at least the last sampling point in the second point sequence.

6. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second preset time interval includes the window length of the window function. For any candidate high-frequency QRS group data corresponding to the second point sequence, in one iteration, any one of the multiple sampling points in the second point sequence is used as the current reference sampling point. The sampling points within the second preset time interval starting from the current reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there are third and fourth sampling points that satisfy the preset conditions within the second preset time interval, including: Using the earliest sampling point in the second point sequence as the starting point of the window, the sampling points in the second point sequence contained in the window are traversed to determine whether there are third and fourth sampling points in the current window that meet the preset conditions.

7. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 6, characterized in that, The next traversal loop is performed for the new reference sampling point until it is determined that there are third and fourth sampling points that satisfy the preset condition, or all sampling points in the second point sequence that need to be traversed have been traversed, including: The sampling points within the window after moving the preset step size are traversed again in the next loop. The loop is repeated until it is determined that there are third and fourth sampling points that meet the preset conditions, or the end point of the current window reaches at least the last sampling point in the second point sequence.

8. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: If, after all the sampling points that need to be traversed in the second point sequence have been traversed, there are no third and fourth sampling points that meet the preset conditions, it is determined that the corresponding candidate high-frequency QRS complex data does not have the second waveform feature indicating myocardial bridging. If no second waveform feature indicating myocardial bridging is found in all candidate high-frequency QRS complex data, then myocardial bridging is determined to be absent.

9. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: If the relative value of the amplitude drop between the third and fourth sampling points reaches the fourth preset threshold and / or the voltage drop between the third and fourth sampling points reaches the fifth preset threshold, calculate the first-order difference of the root mean square voltage of the sampling points located in the current second preset time interval in the second point sequence corresponding to the candidate high-frequency QRS group data, and obtain the difference sequence. Determine the number of consecutive values ​​greater than or equal to zero in the difference sequence; If this quantity is less than or equal to the first quantity threshold, then it is determined that the root mean square voltage of each sampling point between the third and fourth sampling points shows a continuous decreasing trend.

10. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: All difference sequence groups are determined based on the difference sequence, and each difference sequence group includes a consecutive number of difference values; Calculate the sum of the differences for each group of difference sequences; If the number of consecutive values ​​greater than or equal to zero in the differential sequence is less than or equal to a second quantity threshold, and the sum of the differential values ​​in each differential sequence group is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, then the candidate high-frequency QRS complex data is determined to have a second waveform feature indicating myocardial bridging.

11. The method for predicting the risk of myocardial bridging according to claim 1, characterized in that, Candidate high-frequency QRS complex data were determined from the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each ECG lead, including: The first point sequence corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead is obtained based on the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to each electrocardiogram lead obtained from the exercise electrocardiogram data. The first point sequence includes multiple sampling points arranged in time sequence. For any ECG lead corresponding to the first point sequence, in one iteration, any one of the multiple sampling points in the first point sequence is taken as the current reference sampling point, and the sampling points within the first preset time interval starting from the current reference sampling point are traversed to determine whether there is a first sampling point and a second sampling point that satisfy another preset condition within the first preset time interval, wherein the first sampling point is earlier than the second sampling point in time. If it is determined that there are first sampling points and second sampling points that meet another preset condition, the first waveform feature of the high-frequency QRS complex data corresponding to the arbitrary electrocardiogram lead is determined to indicate coronary artery lesions. If it is determined that there is no first sampling point or second sampling point that meets the preset conditions, the current traversal loop ends, and other sampling points in the first point sequence other than the current reference sampling point are determined as new reference sampling points; For the new reference sampling point, perform the next traversal loop until it is determined that there is a first sampling point and a second sampling point that satisfy another preset condition, or all the sampling points that need to be traversed in the first point sequence have been traversed. If, after all the sampling points to be traversed in the first point sequence have been traversed, there are no first or second sampling points that meet another preset condition, it is determined that the corresponding high-frequency QRS complex data does not have the first waveform feature indicating coronary artery lesions, and the high-frequency QRS complex data is determined as candidate high-frequency QRS complex data.

12. A processing apparatus, characterized in that, The method includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing instructions, and the processor being configured to call and execute the instructions from the memory to implement the myocardial bridging risk prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A myocardial bridging risk prediction system, characterized in that, include: An electrocardiogram (ECG) signal acquisition device includes at least one electrode forming at least one ECG lead for acquiring the ECG signal of a subject. ； The processing apparatus according to claim 12.

14. A machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The machine-readable storage medium stores instructions for causing the machine to perform the myocardial bridging risk prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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