Multi-stage settling separation system for cutting fluid

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cutting fluid multistage sedimentation separation systems, sedimentation tank is separated into dissolved air water release pool area, first inclined plate separation pool area, first inclined plate sedimentation pool area, aeration tank area, gathering pool area, second inclined plate separation pool area, second inclined plate sedimentation pool area and liquid outlet pool area by baffle according to the cutting fluid flow path of being handled sequentially;First inclined plate separation pool area, first inclined plate sedimentation pool area, second inclined plate separation pool area and second inclined plate sedimentation pool area are all provided with multiple functional plates in parallel and interval, and the functional plate includes vertical part in upper part and inclined plate part in lower side;The liquid inlet end of each inclined plate separation pool area is higher than the liquid outlet end;The liquid inlet end of each inclined plate sedimentation pool area is lower than the liquid outlet end;The functional plate spacing of first inclined plate two pool areas is greater than the functional plate spacing of second inclined plate two pool areas;First inclined plate sedimentation pool area is provided with gathering hole plate above its functional plate;The upper side of gathering hole plate is provided with wire mesh packing, and the surface of wire mesh packing is attached to lipophilic hydrophobic coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of cutting fluid recovery, and more particularly to a multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid. Background Technology

[0002] Specialized cutting fluids used in the machining of high-performance aluminum parts are expensive. To effectively control production costs, companies generally focus on purifying and recycling these fluids, while also recovering aluminum metal shavings mixed in, in order to achieve resource reuse and cost savings.

[0003] Patent document CN120900260A discloses a waste cutting fluid separation and iron filings removal device, including a settling tank. An L-shaped flow-retarding plate is arranged on the inner side of the settling tank. There is a flow channel between one side of the L-shaped flow-retarding plate and the inner wall of the settling tank. Inclined plates are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the lower side of the L-shaped flow-retarding plate. The inclined plates are all inclined downwards towards the side away from the flow channel. An overflow outlet is opened on the side of the settling tank away from the flow channel. The overflow outlet is located on the upper side of the inclined plate. A defoaming mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the L-shaped flow-retarding plate. In the narrow space between the inclined plates, the defoaming net shakes repeatedly. Through the action of division and friction, it quickly breaks the surface tension of the foam and oil film. The metal filings released by the foam rupture quickly sink under the action of the inclined plates and reach the pipeline, increasing the subsequent pressure.

[0004] However, this type of equipment mainly relies on physical sedimentation and mechanical defoaming, which can easily lead to incomplete separation. Therefore, the overall purification effect is limited and it is difficult to meet the requirements of high-quality cutting fluid recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of low separation efficiency of cutting fluid in a single sedimentation separation tank, this invention provides a multi-stage sedimentation separation system for cutting fluid with better purification and separation effect.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid, including a sedimentation tank, wherein the sedimentation tank is divided by baffles into a dissolved air release tank area, a first inclined plate separation tank area, a first inclined plate sedimentation tank area, an aeration tank area, an aggregation tank area, a second inclined plate separation tank area, a second inclined plate sedimentation tank area and an outlet tank area according to the flow path of the cutting fluid to be treated.

[0007] Both the collection tank area and the aeration tank area are equipped with a number of porous aeration pipes; the collection tank area is equipped with a collection plate and / or a multi-layer electrode plate located above the porous aeration pipes.

[0008] In the first inclined plate separation tank area, the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area, the second inclined plate separation tank area, and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area, multiple functional plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals. The functional plates include a vertical part located at the top and an inclined plate part located at the bottom.

[0009] The inlet and outlet of each pool area are located at the two ends of the corresponding functional plate; the liquid flow holes between the first inclined plate separation pool area and the first inclined plate sedimentation pool area, and between the second inclined plate separation pool area and the second inclined plate sedimentation pool area, are located at the position of the inclined plate; the inlet of each inclined plate separation pool area is higher than the outlet; the inlet of each inclined plate sedimentation pool area is lower than the outlet.

[0010] The functional plates in the first inclined plate separation tank area and the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area are arranged at a first interval, and the functional plates in the second inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area are arranged at a second interval, wherein the second interval is less than half of the first interval.

[0011] The first inclined plate separation tank area, the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area, the second inclined plate separation tank area, and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area are all connected to the oil discharge channel through an oil discharge trough; the lowest point of the oil discharge trough in each tank area is higher than the lowest point of the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of each tank area.

[0012] The first inclined plate sedimentation tank area is provided with a collection orifice plate above its functional plate; the oil discharge trough and liquid outlet of the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area are both located above the collection orifice plate therein;

[0013] The upper side of the agglomerating plate is provided with wire mesh filler, and the surface of the wire mesh filler is coated with an oleophilic and hydrophobic coating.

[0014] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: the oil drain channel is arranged above the sedimentation tank and is respectively sandwiched between the first inclined plate separation tank area and the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area, as well as the second inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area; the first inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area are located on the same side of the oil drain channel; the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the second inclined plate separation tank area are located on the same side of the oil drain channel;

[0015] The dissolved air release tank area and the liquid outlet tank area are located on the outer side of the first inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area, respectively, away from the oil discharge channel; the aeration tank area and the aggregation tank area are located on the outer side of the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the second inclined plate separation tank area, respectively, away from the oil discharge channel.

[0016] All functional panels are arranged in the same direction, the bends of all functional panels are at the same height, and the lower ends of all inclined plates are at the same height and have the same slope.

[0017] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: the first inclined plate separation tank area includes an air flotation area, a separation area and a first slag hopper area from top to bottom, and the functional plate in the first inclined plate separation tank area is a first functional plate;

[0018] The first functional plate includes a first vertical section at the top and a first inclined plate section at the bottom; the location of the first vertical section forms an air flotation zone, the location of the first inclined plate section forms a separation zone, and the lower side of the first inclined plate section is a first slag hopper zone with a bucket-shaped space;

[0019] The lower parts of the first inclined plate separation tank area and the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area are separated by a partition plate with a first liquid flow hole;

[0020] The dissolved gas water release tank area and the oil discharge channel are located on opposite sides of the first inclined plate separation tank area. The upper edge of the first vertical part includes a first high side edge and a first low side edge to form a stepped structure. The dissolved gas water release tank area is close to the first high side edge, and the oil discharge channel is close to the first low side edge.

[0021] The position of the first oil discharge trough, which connects the first inclined plate separation pool area and the oil discharge channel, is higher than the first low side edge;

[0022] The first liquid flow hole and the liquid distribution hole are located in the air flotation zone, and the position of the liquid distribution hole is lower than the first high side edge and the first oil discharge groove.

[0023] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area includes, from top to bottom, a flotation area, an aggregation area, a sedimentation area, and a second slag hopper area;

[0024] The functional plate in the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area is the second functional plate, which includes a second vertical part located at the top and a second inclined plate part located at the bottom.

[0025] The wire mesh packing of the second vertical section and the collecting orifice plate is disposed in the collecting area, and there is a gap between the wire mesh packing of the second vertical section and the collecting orifice plate; a floating area is formed above the collecting orifice plate, and a sedimentation area is formed at the location of the second inclined plate section;

[0026] The two ends of the first liquid flow hole are located in the flotation zone and the aggregation zone, respectively; the second oil discharge trough connecting the first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone and the oil discharge channel, and the flow passage connecting the first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone and the aeration tank are located in the flotation zone, and the height of the flow passage is lower than the lowest point of the second oil discharge trough.

[0027] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: the lower part of the dissolved gas water release tank area is provided with a release pipe extending along the arrangement direction of the functional plate, and the liquid distribution hole connecting the dissolved gas water release tank area and the first inclined plate separation tank area is located in the upper part of the dissolved gas water release tank area.

[0028] The release tube has multiple release holes spaced apart along its length. The release holes are arranged obliquely downwards, and adjacent release holes face opposite sides of the release tube.

[0029] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a slag discharge level regulating plate is provided between the first inclined plate separation tank area and the oil discharge channel to adjust the lowest position height of the first oil discharge tank.

[0030] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a liquid level adjustment plate is provided between the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the aeration tank area to adjust the lowest position height of the liquid passage hole.

[0031] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: the lower part of the partition between the collection tank area and the aeration tank area is provided with a plurality of flow holes, and the porous aeration pipe is located in the lower part of the collection tank area and the aeration tank area; the aeration holes of the porous aeration pipe are arranged obliquely downward, and two adjacent aeration holes are staggered and facing the two sides of the porous aeration pipe; each aeration pipe is provided with an aeration intake regulating valve.

[0032] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: the lower parts of the second inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area are separated by a partition plate with a second liquid flow hole; the functional plate in the second inclined plate separation tank area is a third functional plate; the functional plate in the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area is a fourth functional plate.

[0033] The third functional plate includes a third vertical section at the top and a third inclined plate section at the bottom; the fourth functional plate includes a fourth vertical section at the top and a fourth inclined plate section at the bottom.

[0034] The upper edge of the fourth vertical section includes a second high side edge and a second low side edge to form a stepped structure with varying heights. The liquid outlet area is close to the second high side edge, and the oil discharge channel is close to the second low side edge. The upper edge of the third vertical section is horizontal and has the same height as the second low side edge.

[0035] The fourth oil drain trough, which connects the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the oil drain channel, is located higher than the second low side edge; the outlet hole, which connects the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the liquid outlet tank area, is located lower than the second high side edge and the fourth oil drain trough.

[0036] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a liquid outlet channel is provided downstream of the liquid outlet pool area; a liquid level adjustment mechanism is provided between the liquid outlet pool area and the liquid outlet channel.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for cutting fluid uses a two-stage process of coarse treatment in two pools of the first inclined plate and fine treatment in two pools of the second inclined plate, combined with deep treatment units such as wire mesh demulsification and electrostatic adsorption of electrode plates, to effectively remove various contaminants, from macroscopic floating oil to microscopic emulsified oil, resulting in high-quality effluent with high reuse value.

[0038] In the two separation tank zones, the liquid enters from the higher level and flows to the lower level. The oil and gas aggregates adhering to the nanobubbles, due to their slow rising velocity, float and accumulate on the back of the inclined plate as the liquid flows downwards. The back of the inclined plate provides these tiny oil-gas aggregates with a quiet channel less disturbed by the liquid flow, allowing them sufficient time to aggregate and grow, eventually floating to the surface for more effective separation. In the other two sedimentation tank zones, the liquid enters from the lower part and flows upwards. The upward flow reduces the settling velocity of the particles, allowing fine suspended solids not removed in the separation tank zones to settle more effectively on the inclined plate. The vertical section guides the stable vertical flow of the cutting fluid, acting as a guide and stabilizer, and also facilitating particle settling and bubble rising. Thus, through this series of design features, the separation efficiency of the different phases of the cutting fluid can be improved, enhancing the purification effect. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that these drawings are drawn only for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Furthermore, unless specifically indicated, the drawings are only schematic representations of the composition or structure of the described objects and may contain exaggerated depictions, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid.

[0041] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank in a multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid. Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank in a multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid. Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank in a multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid. Figure 3 ;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a side view of the sedimentation tank in a multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid.

[0045] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at point AA;

[0046] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at point BB;

[0047] Figure 8 A top view of the sedimentation tank in a multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid;

[0048] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at point CC;

[0049] Figure 10 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at point DD;

[0050] Figure 11 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at EE;

[0051] Figure 12 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at FF;

[0052] Figure 13 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at point GG;

[0053] Figure 14 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at point HH;

[0054] Figure 15 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at point JJ;

[0055] Figure 16 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at point KK;

[0056] Figure 17 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at point LL;

[0057] Figure 18 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the multi-stage sedimentation separation system for medium cutting fluid at MM;

[0058] Figure 19 A three-dimensional cross-section of the sedimentation tank in a multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid. Figure 1 ;

[0059] Figure 20 A three-dimensional cross-section of the sedimentation tank in a multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid. Figure 2 .

[0060] Figure label:

[0061] Sedimentation tank 100; External support structure 200; Dissolved air release tank area 1; First inclined plate separation tank area 2; First inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3; Aeration tank area 4; Aggregation tank area 5; Second inclined plate separation tank area 6; Second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7; Liquid outlet tank area 8; Oil discharge channel 9; Liquid outlet channel 10; Functional plate 300; Vertical part 300a; Inclined plate part 300b; First functional plate 11; First vertical part 11a; First inclined plate part 11b; Second functional plate 12; Second vertical part 12a; Second inclined plate part 12b; Third functional plate 13; Fourth functional plate 14; Third vertical part 13a; Third inclined plate part 13b; Fourth vertical part 14a; Fourth inclined plate part 14b; First aggregation orifice plate 15; First oil discharge trough 16; Second discharge trough 17; Oil tank 17; second gathering orifice plate 18; multi-layer electrode plate 19; third oil drain trough 20; fourth oil drain trough 21; release pipe 22; liquid distribution hole 23; liquid passage hole 24; slag discharge liquid level regulating plate 25; liquid outlet liquid level regulating plate 26; flow passage hole 27; liquid outlet hole 28; liquid level regulating mechanism 29; first liquid flow hole 30; second liquid flow hole 31; liquid through hole 32; aeration air intake regulating valve 34; air flotation zone 2a; separation zone 2b; first slag hopper zone 2c; first high side edge 110; first low side edge 111; floating zone 3a; gathering zone 3b; sedimentation zone 3d; second slag hopper zone 3c; aeration pipe 33; second high side edge 140; second low side edge 141; third slag hopper zone 6c; fourth slag hopper zone 7c; wire mesh packing 15a. Detailed Implementation

[0062] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these descriptions are merely descriptive and exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0063] It should be noted that similar labels in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it will not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0064] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the die-cast parts of this invention are used. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid, including a settling tank 100 and an external support structure 200. The external support structure is equipped with a platform and stairs to facilitate the corresponding operations.

[0066] like Figures 2 to 20 As shown, the settling tank 100 is divided by partitions into dissolved air release tank area 1, first inclined plate separation tank area 2, first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3, aeration tank area 4, aggregation tank area 5, second inclined plate separation tank area 6, second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7 and effluent tank area 8 according to the flow path of the cutting liquid to be treated.

[0067] The first inclined plate separation tank area 2, the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3, the second inclined plate separation tank area 6, and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7 are all connected to the oil discharge channel 9 via oil discharge troughs. The lowest point of the oil discharge trough in each tank area is higher than the lowest point of the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of each tank area.

[0068] In this embodiment, based on the consideration of structural compactness, the sedimentation tank with an overall roughly rectangular structure is configured as follows.

[0069] like Figures 2-4 As shown in Figures 8 and 17-18, the oil drain channel 9 is located above the sedimentation tank 100 and is sandwiched between the first inclined plate separation tank area 2, the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3, the second inclined plate separation tank area 6, and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7. The first inclined plate separation tank area 2 and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7 are located on the same side of the oil drain channel 9. The first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3 and the second inclined plate separation tank area 6 are located on the same side of the oil drain channel 9. The oil drain channel 9 serves as a central collection channel, with the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7 located on the same side, and the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3 and the second inclined plate separation tank area 6 located on the same side, forming a symmetrical layout and reducing liquid meandering.

[0070] like Figures 2-4 As shown in Figures 1 and 8, the dissolved air release tank area 1 and the liquid outlet tank area 8 are located on the outer side of the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7, respectively, away from the oil discharge channel 9. The aeration tank area 4 and the aggregation tank area 5 are located on the outer side of the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3 and the second inclined plate separation tank area 6, respectively, away from the oil discharge channel 9.

[0071] like Figures 1-4 As shown in sections 6, 8-12, and 17-20, most importantly, in this embodiment, multiple functional plates 300 are arranged parallel to each other and at intervals in the first inclined plate separation tank area 2, the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3, the second inclined plate separation tank area 6, and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7. Each functional plate 300 includes a vertical section 300a at the top and an inclined plate section 300b at the bottom. The vertical section 300a guides the stable vertical flow of the cutting fluid to be treated, serving as a flow guide and stabilizer, and also facilitating particle settling and bubble rising.

[0072] like Figures 1-4 As shown in Figures 6, 8-12, and 17-20, the inlet and outlet ends of each pool area are located at the two ends of the corresponding functional plate 300, respectively; the liquid flow holes between the first inclined plate separation pool area 2 and the first inclined plate sedimentation pool area 3, and between the second inclined plate separation pool area 6 and the second inclined plate sedimentation pool area 7, are located at the position of the inclined plate portion 300b; the inlet end of each inclined plate separation pool area is higher than the outlet end; the inlet end of each inclined plate sedimentation pool area is lower than the outlet end.

[0073] The functional plates 300 in the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 and the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3 are arranged at a first interval, and the functional plates 300 in the second inclined plate separation tank area 6 and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7 are arranged at a second interval, the second interval being less than half of the first interval.

[0074] The first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone 3 has an agglomerating perforated plate above its functional plate 300, which is referred to here as the first agglomerating perforated plate 15 for ease of description. The second oil drain 17 and the liquid outlet of the first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone 3 are both located above the first agglomerating perforated plate 15. The upper side of the first agglomerating perforated plate 15 is provided with wire mesh packing, and the surface of the wire mesh packing is coated with an oleophilic and hydrophobic coating.

[0075] For ease of description, the functional plates 300 are distinguished as follows: The functional plate 300 in the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 is the first functional plate 11. The first functional plate 11 includes a first vertical portion 11a at the top and a first inclined plate portion 11b at the bottom. The functional plate 300 in the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3 is the second functional plate 12, which includes a second vertical portion 12a at the top and a second inclined plate portion 12b at the bottom. The functional plate 300 in the second inclined plate separation tank area 6 is the third functional plate 13. The functional plate 300 in the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7 is the fourth functional plate 14. The third functional plate 13 includes a third vertical portion 13a at the top and a third inclined plate portion 13b at the bottom. The fourth functional plate 14 includes a fourth vertical portion 14a at the top and a fourth inclined plate portion 14b at the bottom.

[0076] like Figures 2-4As shown in Figures 8 and 15-16, specifically, in this system, cutting fluid containing saturated air from the previous process enters the dissolved air release tank 1. When the pressure drops sharply, the dissolved air is released in the form of micron- or even nano-sized bubbles. These bubbles, due to their positively charged surface and large specific surface area, can preferentially adsorb onto the surfaces of negatively charged oil droplets and particulate matter.

[0077] like Figures 2-4 As shown in Figures 8, 9 to 10, and 17, the slag liquid to be treated, containing micron- or even nano-sized bubbles, enters the first inclined plate separation tank 2. The sludge, dust, and fine particulate pollutants are adhered to by the bubbles and float to the surface to form scum, which then overflows into the first oil discharge trough 16, which connects the first inclined plate separation tank 2 and the oil discharge channel 9, and is then discharged into the oil discharge channel 9.

[0078] like Figures 2-4 As shown in Figures 8, 9 to 12, and 17, heavier particles not adhered to by the bubbles deposit on the surface of the inclined plate section as the liquid flows downwards, accumulating to a certain thickness before sliding to the bottom. Oil and gas aggregates adhered to by the nanobubbles, due to their slow upward velocity, float and accumulate on the back side of the first inclined plate section 11b as the liquid flows downwards, moving upwards along the back side of the first inclined plate section 11b and agglomerating together, eventually floating to the surface. The liquid phase enters the area of ​​the second inclined plate section 12b in the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3 from the lower side of the other end of the first inclined plate section 11b in the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 through the first liquid flow hole 30 on the intermediate partition.

[0079] like Figures 2-4 As shown in sections 8, 11-14, the liquid flows upwards. Powder and suspended matter not adhered to by air bubbles further settle on the surface of the second inclined plate portion 12b in the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3. The cutting fluid flows into the wire mesh packing area of ​​the upper second gathering perforated plate 18. The surface of this wire mesh packing is coated with an oleophilic and hydrophobic coating. When the cutting fluid penetrates and flows through, it comes into contact with the wire mesh. Emulsified oil and colloids carried in the liquid adhere to the wire mesh surface during collisions, agglomerating into larger oil droplets. As buoyancy increases, these droplets detach and float to the surface, forming a floating oil layer. This overflows into the second oil drain trough 17, which connects the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3 and the oil drain channel 9, and is then discharged into the oil drain channel 9. Meanwhile, the liquid phase in the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3 flows into the aeration tank area 4 and the gathering tank area 5 before entering the second inclined plate separation tank area 6.

[0080] like Figure 8 , 11 As shown in Figure 14, several porous aeration pipes 33 are installed in both the collection tank area 5 and the aeration tank area. Both have the function of aeration. The introduced pressurized air mixes with the cutting fluid, generating eddies that wash away the fine powder particles adhering to the oil in the liquid phase, thus removing the fine powder particles from the oil. At the same time, the aeration also causes the oil droplets to gather and oxygenate, preventing the cutting fluid from becoming anaerobic and smelly.

[0081] like Figures 13-14 As shown, the collection tank zone 5 and the aeration tank zone 4 are separated by a partition, yet the liquid can still flow from the aeration tank zone into the collection tank zone 5. This is because, in addition to the general aeration function, the collection tank zone 5 is equipped with a collection perforated plate or multi-layer electrode plate 19 located above the porous aeration pipe 33, thereby further collecting oil sludge upwards.

[0082] Of course, the agglomerating plate and the multilayer electrode plate 19 can be used simultaneously, with the agglomerating plate preferably placed above the multilayer electrode plate 19. In this embodiment, the agglomerating plate in the agglomeration pool region 5 is explicitly referred to as the second agglomerating plate 18, and the multilayer electrode plate 19 is placed below it.

[0083] like Figure 6 , 8 As shown in Figures 10, 12, 18, and 20, the flow direction of the molten cutting fluid entering the second inclined plate separation tank zone 6 is guided by the third vertical section 13a to flow downwards to the other side. The lighter oil droplets float on the surface and, when they reach a certain thickness, overflow into the third oil drain trough 20, which connects the second inclined plate separation tank zone 6 and the oil drain channel 9, and enter the oil drain channel 9. Particulate matter deposits on the surface of the third inclined plate section 13b of the second inclined plate separation tank zone 6, and after accumulating a large mass, slides to the bottom. The liquid phase flows from the lower side of the other end of the third inclined plate section 13b of the second inclined plate separation tank zone 6 through the second liquid flow hole 31 on the intermediate partition into the area where the fourth inclined plate section 14b of the second inclined plate sedimentation tank zone 7 is located.

[0084] Preferably, the lower part of the liquid through hole 32 connecting the second inclined plate separation pool area 6 and the aggregation pool area 5 is basically at the same height as the upper edge of the third functional plate, so as to ensure that the incoming cutting fluid can move downward along the third vertical part 13a in a timely manner.

[0085] The cutting fluid entering the second inclined plate sedimentation tank 7 flows to the outlet end on the other side and overflows. At the same time, a small amount of scum above the liquid surface overflows into the fourth oil drain trough 21, which connects the second inclined plate sedimentation tank 7 and the oil drain ditch 9, and enters the oil drain ditch 9.

[0086] In this embodiment, the second spacing is less than half the first spacing. According to Stokes' theorem, the smaller spacing of the inclined plates reduces the upward floating distance of the oil and the settling distance of the particles, achieving higher separation efficiency for the same separation plane area.

[0087] Specifically, Stokes' formula: V = g(ρ p - ρ f )d² / (18μ). Where V is the final velocity of settling / floating [m / s], and g is the acceleration due to gravity [m / s²], usually taken as 9.8 m / s². ρ pThe density of the particles [kg / m³]; ρ f d represents the density of the fluid [kg / m³]; d represents the particle diameter [m].

[0088] The formula shows that the separation rate is proportional to the square of the particle diameter. For the even smaller oil droplets and particles remaining after the pretreatment, d is very small, and their natural separation rate V is extremely slow. Reducing the spacing of the functional plates 300 is equivalent to greatly shortening the vertical distance they need to float or settle, i.e., the separation distance. This allows these micro-contaminants to come into contact with the inclined plate surface within a very short flow path, thereby being captured and removed, achieving an extreme improvement in processing accuracy within a limited space.

[0089] It should be noted that in the two separation tank zones, the liquid enters from the higher level and flows to the lower level. The oil and gas aggregates adhering to the nanobubbles, due to their slow upward velocity, float and accumulate on the back side of the inclined plate 300b as the liquid flows downward. The back side of the inclined plate 300b provides these small oil-gas aggregates with a quiet channel less disturbed by the liquid flow, allowing them sufficient time to aggregate and grow, eventually floating to the surface and achieving more effective separation. In the other two sedimentation tank zones, the liquid enters from the lower part and flows upward, allowing the fine suspended solids that were not removed in the separation tank zone to settle more effectively on the surface of the inclined plate 300b.

[0090] When the aggregation tank 5 uses multilayer electrode plates 19, an electric field is formed between the electrode plates when direct current is applied. The fine emulsified oil droplets, which are usually charged, undergo electrophoresis under the influence of the electric field, migrating and aggregating towards the electrode plates. Alternatively, they may be captured and adsorbed by metal hydroxide flocs generated through electrocoagulation, achieving efficient separation. More preferably, both the aggregation plate and the multilayer electrode plates 19 are designed as removable basket structures for easy cleaning and replacement.

[0091] In summary, the multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid provided in this embodiment employs a two-stage process—coarse treatment in two pools of the first inclined plate and fine treatment in two pools of the second inclined plate—combined with deep treatment units such as wire mesh demulsification and electrostatic adsorption by electrode plates. This effectively removes various contaminants, ranging from macroscopic floating oil to microscopic emulsified oil, resulting in high-quality effluent with high reuse value. The multi-stage treatment provides the system with a strong buffering capacity against fluctuations in the cutting fluid being treated. Abnormal fluctuations in the previous stage can be corrected by the subsequent stage, ensuring a stable final effluent. Furthermore, each pool is equipped with an oil drain trough connected to the main oil drain channel 9, allowing for the centralized and automatic discharge of floating oil.

[0092] like Figures 9-12As shown in Figures 17-20, the functional plates 300 are arranged in the same direction, the bends of the functional plates 300 are at the same height, and the lower ends of the inclined plates 300b are at the same height and have the same slope. The uniform arrangement of the functional plates 300 not only facilitates the structural design of the equipment, but also facilitates the smooth transfer of the cutting fluid to be treated in different pool areas.

[0093] like Figures 9-10 As shown, the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 includes, from top to bottom, an air flotation area 2a, a separation area 2b, and a first slag hopper area 2c. The air flotation area 2a is formed at the location of the first vertical part 11a, the separation area 2b is formed at the location of the first inclined plate part 11b, and the lower side of the first inclined plate part 11b is the first slag hopper area 2c with a bucket-shaped space. The bucket-shaped space of the first slag hopper area 2c facilitates the collection and discharge of metal scraps.

[0094] The lower parts of the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 and the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area 3 are separated by a partition with a first liquid flow hole 30. The dissolved air water release tank area 1 and the oil discharge channel 9 are located on opposite sides of the first inclined plate separation tank area 2. The upper edge of the first vertical part 11a includes a first high side edge 110 and a first low side edge 111 in a stepped structure, with a slope between the first high side edge 110 and the first low side edge 111. The dissolved air water release tank area 1 is close to the first high side edge 110, and the oil discharge channel 9 is close to the first low side edge 111. The position of the first oil discharge trough 16 connecting the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 and the oil discharge channel 9 is higher than the first low side edge 111. The first liquid flow hole 30 and the liquid distribution hole 23 are located in the flotation area 2a. The position of the liquid distribution hole 23 is lower than the first high side edge 110 and the first oil discharge trough 16, which ensures that the liquid enters smoothly and avoids disturbing the already floated oil layer.

[0095] It is particularly noteworthy that the upper edge of the first vertical part 11a includes a first high side edge 110 and a first low side edge 111 in a stepped structure, which allows the scum to be pushed towards the first oil discharge tank 16 by utilizing the structural features of the functional plate 300. This not only facilitates the discharge of scum but also avoids mutual interference between the scum and the lower liquid phase, resulting in higher separation efficiency.

[0096] like Figures 11-12 As shown, the first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone 3 includes, from top to bottom, a flotation zone 3a, an aggregation zone 3b, a sedimentation zone 3d, and a second slag hopper zone 3c. A second vertical section 12a and a first aggregation perforated plate 15 are disposed in the aggregation zone 3b, with a distance separating them. The area above the first aggregation perforated plate forms the flotation zone 3a, and the location of the second inclined plate section 12b forms the sedimentation zone 3d. The blank space between the wire mesh packing 15a of the second vertical section 12a and the first aggregation perforated plate 15 provides a channel for oil droplets to rise, reducing flow resistance.

[0097] The two ends of the first liquid flow hole are located in the flotation zone 2a and the aggregation zone 3b, respectively. The second oil discharge trough 17, which connects the first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone 3 and the oil discharge channel 9, and the liquid passage hole 24, which connects the first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone 3 and the aeration tank, are located in the flotation zone 3a. The height of the liquid passage hole 24 is lower than that of the second oil discharge trough 17.

[0098] like Figures 15-16 As shown, a release pipe 22 extending along the arrangement direction of the functional plate 300 is provided at the lower part of the dissolved air water release tank area 1. The liquid distribution hole 23 connecting the dissolved air water release tank area 1 and the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 is located at the upper part of the dissolved air water release tank area 1. Multiple liquid release holes are distributed at intervals along the length of the release pipe 22. The liquid release holes are arranged obliquely downward, and two adjacent liquid release holes are staggered and face the two sides of the release pipe 22.

[0099] Cutting fluid from saturated air in the previous process enters the porous release pipe 22 at the bottom of this zone. Because the release holes are arranged obliquely downwards, adjacent release holes are staggered towards both sides of the release pipe 22, creating staggered airflow. This prevents bubbles from concentrating and rising. When dissolved air is ejected from the release holes, the pressure drops sharply, releasing microbubbles. These bubbles diffuse obliquely, making full contact with oil droplets during their ascent. These bubbles then flow upwards with the liquid phase, passing through the distribution holes 23 at the top of the baffle and entering the flotation zone 2a of the first inclined plate separation tank zone 2. After further adsorbing sludge, dust, and fine particulate contaminants, they float to the surface to form scum, which then overflows into the oil discharge tank. This design of the release pipe 22, with its downward orientation aligned with the upward direction of the bubbles, enhances the flotation effect.

[0100] like Figure 8 , 10 As shown, a sludge discharge level regulating plate 25 is provided between the first inclined plate separation tank area 2 and the oil discharge channel 9 to adjust the minimum position height of the first oil discharge tank 16. Since the oil scum will automatically overflow when its height exceeds the minimum position of the oil discharge tank, the sludge discharge level regulating plate 25 can control the overflow threshold. When the oil layer is thick, the regulating plate is raised to increase the oil layer storage space; when the oil layer is thin, the regulating plate is lowered to promote oil discharge. In other words, by adjusting the height of the sludge discharge level regulating plate 25, the minimum position of the first oil discharge tank 16 can be controlled, thereby adapting to different oil loads and preventing excessive liquid phase overflow or oil scum backflow.

[0101] like Figure 8 , 13 As shown, a liquid level regulating plate 26 is provided between the first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone 3 and the aeration tank zone to adjust the minimum position height of the liquid flow hole 24. By changing the height of the liquid flow hole, the liquid level in the tank is adjusted. A higher liquid level prolongs the residence time, which is beneficial for the sedimentation of fine particles; a lower liquid level increases the flow rate and the processing capacity. At the same time, it can also indirectly control the threshold for oil scum overflow through its regulation.

[0102] like Figure 8 , 13 As shown in Figures 14 and 17, the lower part of the partition between the aggregation tank zone 5 and the aeration tank zone is provided with multiple flow holes 27, and the porous aeration pipe 33 is located at the lower part of the aggregation tank zone 5 and the aeration tank zone. The aeration holes of the porous aeration pipe 33 are arranged obliquely downwards, with adjacent aeration holes facing opposite sides of the porous aeration pipe 33. Each aeration pipe 33 is equipped with an aeration intake regulating valve 34. The oblique downwards of the aeration holes of the porous aeration pipe 33 and the adjacent holes facing to both sides form a swirling flow, increasing the bubble residence time. In the aggregation tank zone 5, aeration and agitation cause oil droplets to collide and coalesce.

[0103] like Figure 10-11 As shown, the lower parts of the second inclined plate separation tank zone 6 and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank zone 7 are separated by a partition with a second liquid flow hole 31. The first liquid flow hole 30 and the second liquid flow hole 31 are located near the bottom of the functional plate of the corresponding tank zone.

[0104] like Figures 3-4 As shown in Figures 9-10 and 17-18, the upper edge of the fourth vertical section 14a includes a second high side edge 140 and a second low side edge 141 in a stepped structure, with the second high side edge 140 and the second low side edge 141 transitioning by a slope. The liquid outlet tank area 8 is close to the second high side edge 140, and the oil discharge channel 9 is close to the second low side edge 141. The upper edge of the third vertical section 13a is horizontal and at the same height as the second low side edge 141. The position of the fourth oil discharge trough 21, which connects the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7 and the oil discharge channel 9, is higher than the second low side edge 141. The position of the liquid outlet hole 28, which connects the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area 7 and the liquid outlet tank area 8, is lower than the second high side edge 140 and the fourth oil discharge trough 21. Similarly, the design of the upper edge of the fourth functional plate 14 is also to avoid interference between the liquid phase and scum, and to prevent scum from being carried out of the liquid outlet hole 28 due to inertia. Similarly, a third slag hopper zone 6c is provided at the lower part of the second inclined plate separation tank zone 6, and a fourth slag hopper zone 7c is provided at the lower part of the second inclined plate sedimentation tank zone 7.

[0105] The first slag hopper zone 2c and the second slag hopper zone 3c converge at a relatively inclined angle and are connected to the first output pipeline at the narrowed bottom. The third slag hopper zone 6c and the fourth slag hopper zone 7c converge at a relatively inclined angle and are connected to the second output pipeline at the narrowed bottom.

[0106] like Figures 1-4 As shown in Figures 8 and 9, a liquid outlet channel 10 is provided downstream of the liquid outlet pool area 8. A liquid level regulating mechanism 29 is provided between the liquid outlet pool area 8 and the liquid outlet channel 10.

[0107] The preferred separation tank and settling tank areas are each equipped with a slag hopper at the bottom, fitted with an electric slag discharge valve. The control system instructs the valve to open at set time intervals to discharge slag through the discharge port. All four tank areas share a common oil drain tank; overflowing scum and sludge are discharged through the drain port. The dissolved air release tank, aeration tank, and aggregation tank areas are each equipped with a drain valve, allowing for individual sludge discharge.

[0108] This article uses specific examples to describe the multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid provided by this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid, comprising a settling tank, characterized in that: The settling tank is divided by partitions into a dissolved air release tank area, a first inclined plate separation tank area, a first inclined plate sedimentation tank area, an aeration tank area, an aggregation tank area, a second inclined plate separation tank area, a second inclined plate sedimentation tank area, and an effluent tank area according to the flow path of the shavings liquid to be treated. Both the collection tank area and the aeration tank area are equipped with a number of porous aeration pipes; the collection tank area is equipped with a collection plate and / or a multi-layer electrode plate located above the porous aeration pipes. In the first inclined plate separation tank area, the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area, the second inclined plate separation tank area, and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area, multiple functional plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals. The functional plates include a vertical part located at the top and an inclined plate part located at the bottom. The inlet and outlet of each pool area are located at the two ends of the corresponding functional plate; the liquid flow holes between the first inclined plate separation pool area and the first inclined plate sedimentation pool area, and between the second inclined plate separation pool area and the second inclined plate sedimentation pool area, are located at the position of the inclined plate; the inlet of each inclined plate separation pool area is higher than the outlet; the inlet of each inclined plate sedimentation pool area is lower than the outlet. The functional plates in the first inclined plate separation tank area and the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area are arranged at a first interval, and the functional plates in the second inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area are arranged at a second interval, wherein the second interval is less than half of the first interval. The first inclined plate separation tank area, the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area, the second inclined plate separation tank area, and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area are all connected to the oil discharge channel through an oil discharge trough; the lowest point of the oil discharge trough in each tank area is higher than the lowest point of the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of each tank area. The first inclined plate sedimentation tank area is provided with a collection orifice plate above its functional plate; the oil discharge trough and liquid outlet of the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area are both located above the collection orifice plate therein; The upper side of the agglomerating plate is provided with wire mesh filler, and the surface of the wire mesh filler is coated with an oleophilic and hydrophobic coating.

2. The multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil drain channel is located above the sedimentation tank and is sandwiched between the first inclined plate separation tank area and the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area, as well as the second inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area; the first inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area are located on the same side of the oil drain channel; the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the second inclined plate separation tank area are located on the same side of the oil drain channel. The dissolved air release tank area and the liquid outlet tank area are located on the outer side of the first inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area, respectively, away from the oil discharge channel; the aeration tank area and the aggregation tank area are located on the outer side of the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the second inclined plate separation tank area, respectively, away from the oil discharge channel; the arrangement direction of each functional plate is the same, the bending points of each functional plate are at the same height, and the lower ends of each inclined plate are at the same height and have the same slope.

3. The multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first inclined plate separation tank area includes, from top to bottom, an air flotation area, a separation area and a first slag hopper area, and the functional plate in the first inclined plate separation tank area is the first functional plate. The first functional plate includes a first vertical section at the top and a first inclined plate section at the bottom; the location of the first vertical section forms an air flotation zone, the location of the first inclined plate section forms a separation zone, and the lower side of the first inclined plate section is a first slag hopper zone with a bucket-shaped space; The lower parts of the first inclined plate separation tank area and the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area are separated by a partition plate with a first liquid flow hole; The dissolved gas water release tank area and the oil discharge channel are located on opposite sides of the first inclined plate separation tank area. The upper edge of the first vertical part includes a first high side edge and a first low side edge to form a stepped structure. The dissolved gas water release tank area is close to the first high side edge, and the oil discharge channel is close to the first low side edge. The position of the first oil discharge trough, which connects the first inclined plate separation pool area and the oil discharge channel, is higher than the first low side edge; The first liquid flow hole and the liquid distribution hole connecting the dissolved air water release tank area and the first inclined plate separation tank area are located in the air flotation area, and the position of the liquid distribution hole is lower than the first high side edge and the first oil discharge tank.

4. The multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first inclined plate sedimentation tank area includes, from top to bottom, a flotation zone, an aggregation zone, a sedimentation zone, and a second slag hopper zone; The functional plate in the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area is the second functional plate, which includes a second vertical part located at the top and a second inclined plate part located at the bottom. The wire mesh packing of the second vertical section and the collecting orifice plate is disposed in the collecting area, and there is a gap between the wire mesh packing of the second vertical section and the collecting orifice plate; a floating area is formed above the collecting orifice plate, and a sedimentation area is formed at the location of the second inclined plate section; The two ends of the first liquid flow hole are located in the flotation zone and the aggregation zone, respectively; the second oil discharge trough connecting the first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone and the oil discharge channel, and the flow passage connecting the first inclined plate sedimentation tank zone and the aeration tank are located in the flotation zone, and the height of the flow passage is lower than that of the second oil discharge trough.

5. The multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower part of the dissolved gas water release tank area is provided with a release pipe extending along the arrangement direction of the functional plates, and the liquid distribution hole connecting the dissolved gas water release tank area and the first inclined plate separation tank area is located at the upper part of the dissolved gas water release tank area. The release tube has multiple release holes spaced apart along its length. The release holes are arranged obliquely downwards, and adjacent release holes face opposite sides of the release tube.

6. The multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that: A slag discharge level regulating plate is provided between the first inclined plate separation tank area and the oil discharge channel to adjust the lowest position height of the first oil discharge tank.

7. The multi-stage settling and separation system for cutting fluid according to claim 4, characterized in that: A liquid level regulating plate is provided between the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the aeration tank area to adjust the lowest position height of the liquid passage connecting the first inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the aeration tank.

8. The multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition between the collection tank area and the aeration tank area is provided with multiple flow holes at the bottom. The porous aeration pipe is located at the bottom of the collection tank area and the aeration tank area. The aeration holes of the porous aeration pipe are arranged obliquely downward, and two adjacent aeration holes are staggered and face the two sides of the porous aeration pipe. Each aeration pipe is provided with an aeration intake regulating valve.

9. The multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower parts of the second inclined plate separation tank area and the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area are separated by a partition plate with a second liquid flow hole; the functional plate in the second inclined plate separation tank area is a third functional plate; the functional plate in the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area is a fourth functional plate. The third functional plate includes a third vertical section at the top and a third inclined plate section at the bottom; the fourth functional plate includes a fourth vertical section at the top and a fourth inclined plate section at the bottom. The upper edge of the fourth vertical section includes a second high side edge and a second low side edge to form a stepped structure with varying heights. The liquid outlet area is close to the second high side edge, and the oil discharge channel is close to the second low side edge. The upper edge of the third vertical section is horizontal and has the same height as the second low side edge. The fourth oil drain trough, which connects the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the oil drain channel, is located higher than the second low side edge; the outlet hole, which connects the second inclined plate sedimentation tank area and the liquid outlet tank area, is located lower than the second high side edge and the fourth oil drain trough.

10. The multi-stage sedimentation and separation system for cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid outlet channel is provided downstream of the liquid outlet pool area; a liquid level regulating mechanism is provided between the liquid outlet pool area and the liquid outlet channel.

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