Green manure-rice straw smashing, mixed burying and decay promoting compound operation equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses green manure and rice straw smashing, mixed burying and decay promoting compound operation equipment which comprises a smashing device and a mixed burying device which are arranged front and back and further comprises a decay promoting agent spraying device, a smashing and mixed burying depth regulating and controlling device, a smashing load monitoring system and a microprocessor control module. The crushing and mixed burying depth regulation and control device is connected with a front rack of the crushing device and a depth limiting ground roller, and comprises a hydraulic cylinder; the height of the rear rack corresponding to the mixed burying device can be adjusted relative to the front rack. According to the invention, the microprocessor control module can dynamically adjust the heights of the crushing device and the mixing and burying device according to the rotating speed and the torque of the crushing knife roll, so that the crushing effect and the mixing and burying depth can be effectively ensured, and the operation quality is ensured; the situation that due to the fact that a smashing movable cutter and a mixing and burying cutter of the mixing and burying device are too deep in soil, the running resistance of a machine tool is increased, and additional loss is caused is prevented, and meanwhile the spraying flow of a corrosion promoting agent is matched with the handling capacity of green manure or straw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of green manure-rice straw crushing and returning to the field, and in particular to a combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and burying to promote decomposition. Background Technology

[0002] Some crops, whose green body produced during their growth can be directly or indirectly incorporated into the soil as fertilizer, or used in intercropping or rotation with the main crop to promote the growth of the main crop and improve soil properties, are called green manure crops, and their green plant body is called green manure. Common green manures are divided into two main categories: leguminous green manures and non-leguminous green manures. Leguminous green manures include milkvetch, hairy vetch, and glossy vetch, while non-leguminous green manures include field radish, rapeseed, and ryegrass.

[0003] Rice straw is a major byproduct of rice production and a vast, renewable biomass resource. Based on the rice straw-to-grain ratio, my country's rice straw production exceeds 200 million tons. Mechanized direct return of rice straw to the field as fertilizer is a quick and effective way to process straw in large quantities, and it is also one of the main methods for comprehensive utilization of straw.

[0004] To improve soil fertility and quality in paddy fields, green manure crops such as milkvetch and vetch are often sown 7 to 15 days before rice harvest. After the rice harvest and 7 to 15 days before the next crop is sown, the rice straw and green manure are then crushed and mixed together and returned to the field. This ensures timely decomposition of the rice straw and green manure, maximizing their fertilizer utilization, and also prevents them from interfering with the sowing of the next crop. To accelerate the decomposition of the rice straw and green manure, a decomposition accelerator is often sprayed onto them beforehand. However, there are currently no suitable machines on the market that can spray decomposition-promoting agents while simultaneously crushing and burying rice straw and green manure back into the field. Usually, the only way to do this is to first spray the decomposition-promoting agents with a pesticide applicator, then use a straw crusher to crush the rice straw and green manure, and finally use a plow to plow and bury or a rotary tiller to mix them together. This requires different machines to be used three times, which not only delays the farming season but also compacts the soil multiple times, affecting the soil structure and hindering the growth of the next crop.

[0005] Because paddy fields are usually waterlogged, soil rot is common after rice harvest. When the double-layer machine is working in the field, the tractor tires are prone to sinking into the soil. This causes the double-layer machine, which is suspended at the rear of the machine, to sink with the tractor. The crushing blades are very likely to hit the soil layer, which increases power consumption and reduces crushing quality. The burial blades penetrate the soil to a greater depth, which increases power consumption and reduces the burial effect. Ultimately, this affects the effect of returning rice straw and green manure to the field and improving soil fertility.

[0006] In the prior art, patent CN 108990527 A provides a green manure pulverizer and returning machine, which includes a pulverizing device, a rotary tillage and burying device, and a depth-limiting wheel arranged sequentially from front to back. In this patented solution, the height of the depth-limiting wheel is fixed, so that the working height of the pulverizing device and the rotary tillage and burying device remains fixed during operation, which cannot adapt to changes in the environment and adjust accordingly, making it difficult to guarantee the stability of the operation quality. Patent CN 116171739 A provides a device that can spray a composting agent while pulverizing green manure, but its spraying flow rate relies on a complex mechanical structure for control, which is costly and makes it difficult to guarantee operational stability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing and burial to promote decomposition, which can ensure the efficient and high-quality return of rice straw and green manure to the field, make the amount of decomposition accelerator reasonable, and ensure the stability of operation quality.

[0008] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a combined green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting equipment, comprising a crushing device and a mixing device arranged in a front-to-back configuration, and a composting agent spraying device; the crushing device includes a front frame, a crushing roller, a moving crushing blade, a fixed crushing blade, and a depth-limiting roller, the depth-limiting roller being located between the crushing blade assembly and the mixing device; the moving crushing blade is mounted on the crushing roller, specifically, a crushing blade seat is fixed on the crushing roller, and each crushing blade seat is fixed with the moving crushing blade; the fixed crushing blade is mounted in a front cover fixed relative to the front frame, and the crushing roller is located below the front cover;

[0009] It also includes a crushing and landfill depth control device, a crushing load monitoring system, and a microprocessor control module;

[0010] The crushing and landfill depth control device connects the front frame and the depth-limiting roller, and includes a hydraulic cylinder that changes the relative height between the front frame and the depth-limiting roller.

[0011] The rear frame of the landfill device can be adjusted in height relative to the front frame.

[0012] The crushing load monitoring system is configured to monitor the driving torque of the crushing roller;

[0013] The microprocessor control module is configured to acquire the rotational speed of the crushing roller and the drive torque data collected by the crushing load monitoring system, and dynamically adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder and the spraying flow rate of the corrosion accelerator spraying device accordingly. Adjusting the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder also adjusts the height of the crushing device and the landfill device.

[0014] Furthermore, a front gearbox and a side drive shaft are mounted on the front frame. The front gearbox has an output shaft that connects to the PTO output shaft of the tractor and two side output heads. The side drive shaft establishes a transmission relationship between one of the side output heads of the front gearbox and the crushing roller.

[0015] The crushing load monitoring system includes two proximity sensors and two metal detection disks located at both ends of the side drive shaft. The metal detection disks are fixed on the side drive shaft and have fan-shaped through holes. The fan-shaped through holes on the two metal detection disks are staggered, and in this design, the staggered angle difference is 120°-180°. The proximity sensors are fixed on the front frame by a fixed bracket. The width W of the fan-shaped through hole is greater than the diameter d of the proximity sensor, and the center of the proximity sensor is directly opposite the center of the width of the fan-shaped through hole. Thus, when the fan-shaped through hole passes through the proximity sensor, the proximity sensor outputs a high-level signal, and when the fan-shaped through hole leaves the proximity sensor, the proximity sensor outputs a low-level signal. In this way, the proximity sensor can output a square wave signal.

[0016] During use, changes in the load on the crushing roller will cause torsional deformation of the side drive shaft, which is reflected in the change of the misalignment angle difference between the two ends of the side drive shaft. By setting up the above-mentioned crushing load monitoring system, based on the square wave signals collected by the two proximity sensors, the time interval T between the two proximity sensors detecting the corresponding fan-shaped through holes can be obtained. This data can reflect the amount of torsion between the two ends of the side drive shaft. Based on this, the change in torque can be calculated according to the change in the above-mentioned time interval DT.

[0017] Furthermore, the crushing and landfill depth control device also includes a support column, a telescopic square tube, and a guide square tube, with the guide square tube connected to the front frame; the depth-limiting roller is installed at the lower end of the support column, and the support column and the telescopic square tube are relatively fixed, with the telescopic square tube and the guide square tube slidably fitted together, the guide square tube having a strip-shaped hole, and a connecting pin fixed on the telescopic square tube that can move along the strip-shaped hole, with a cotter pin installed on the connecting pin to prevent axial movement; the hydraulic cylinder is installed at the top of the guide square tube, and the telescopic rod is connected to the telescopic square tube.

[0018] Furthermore, each end of the depth-limiting roller is connected to a set of crushing and landfill depth control devices; the two hydraulic cylinders corresponding to the two sets of crushing and landfill depth control devices are each connected to a solenoid valve group, which has an overflow valve and a three-position four-way solenoid directional valve; the working port of the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve is connected to the inlet and outlet of the hydraulically controlled check valve; one working port of the hydraulically controlled check valve is connected to the inlet of the two hydraulic cylinders through a first one-way throttle valve and a two-way synchronous valve; the outlet of the two hydraulic cylinders is connected to the other working port of the hydraulically controlled check valve through a second one-way throttle valve. The inlet and outlet lines are connected to the tractor's hydraulic system through a first quick connector and a second quick connector, respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is driven by an electromagnetic coil drive circuit; the electromagnetic coil drive circuit consists of an N-channel silicon MOS transistor and a diode stack.

[0020] Furthermore, the preservative spraying device includes a solution tank, nozzles, an electric pump, and a variable valve. Multiple nozzles are arranged in a linear array and mounted on the front side of the front frame. All nozzles forming a nozzle group are connected to the solution tank via the electric pump and the variable valve. The variable valve is connected to the microprocessor control module. The microprocessor control module controls the power supply voltage of the variable valve based on the target spray flow rate, achieving stepless adjustment of the preservative spray flow rate. Additionally, when the target spray flow rate is 0, the microprocessor control module stops supplying power to the electric pump.

[0021] Furthermore, the rear side of the front frame has two rear mounting plates located on the left and right sides respectively; the rear mounting plates have multiple sets of mounting holes with different heights; the front side of the rear frame has a rear suspension bracket that can connect to the mounting holes, and the rear suspension bracket is connected to the mounting holes by bolts.

[0022] Furthermore, the rear frame can slide vertically relative to the front frame, and a lifting drive mechanism is connected between the two. The microprocessor control module can drive the lifting drive mechanism to operate. The lifting drive mechanism can be a hydraulic cylinder or other drive unit.

[0023] Furthermore, the mixing and burying device also includes an intermediate gearbox mounted on the rear frame, and a left cutter roller and a right cutter roller mounted on both sides of the intermediate gearbox; the rear output shaft of the front gearbox is connected to the intermediate gearbox via a telescopic universal joint; a mixing and burying cutter is mounted on each of the left cutter roller and the right cutter roller; and a support plate is mounted on the rear side of the rear frame.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) In this invention, by adding a crushing and landfill depth control device, a crushing load monitoring system and a microprocessor control module, the microprocessor control module can dynamically adjust the height of the crushing device and the landfill device according to the rotation speed and torque of the crushing roller, which can effectively ensure the crushing effect and landfill depth, ensure the quality of operation, and prevent the crushing blade and the landfill blade of the landfill device from entering the soil too deeply, which would increase the machine running resistance and additional wear. At the same time, it makes the spray flow rate of the accelerator match the treatment amount of green manure or straw, promote the decomposition of green manure or straw, and prevent the accelerator from being applied in excess or used in insufficient amounts.

[0026] (2) The structure and installation layout of the crushing load monitoring system are reasonable. It makes full use of the characteristic that the side drive shaft will generate torsional deformation when subjected to different loads. The proximity sensor and the metal detection disk with fan-shaped through holes can indirectly obtain the small torsional angle changes, so that the microprocessor control module can accurately monitor the crushing load.

[0027] (3) The structural design of the crushing and landfill depth control device can ensure the stability and reliability of the movement of the depth-limiting roller relative to the front frame. The oil circuit design of the solenoid valve group can ensure the synchronization of the movement of the two crushing and landfill depth control devices located at both ends of the depth-limiting roller.

[0028] (4) By enabling the rear frame to adjust its height relative to the front frame, the initial burial depth of the burial device can be set to meet different needs. In the preferred case, by driving the lifting mechanism, the burial depth can be adjusted in real time as needed to ensure the stability of the operation quality. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A side view of the equipment for the combined operation of green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and landfilling to promote decomposition;

[0030] Figure 2 A top view of the equipment for the combined operation of green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and landfilling to promote decomposition;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the pulverizing device;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a device for controlling the depth of pulverized and buried materials.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the combination of the support column and the telescopic square tube;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the guide square tube;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the configuration of a solenoid valve assembly.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of an electromagnetic coil drive circuit.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the crushing load monitoring system;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of a metal detection disc;

[0039] Figure 11 A diagram of square wave signals generated by two proximity sensors;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a side view of the landfill installation.

[0041] Figure 13 This is a front view of the landfill installation structure.

[0042] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the connection structure between the microprocessor control module and other electronic control units.

[0043] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of the microprocessor control module.

[0044] In the diagram: 1-Crushing device; 1-1-Front suspension frame; 1-2-Front gearbox; 1-3-Front frame; 1-4-Crushing blade roller; 1-5-Crushing blade holder; 1-6-Crushing moving blade; 1-7-Crushing fixed blade; 1-8-Side drive; 1-9-Rear mounting plate; 1-10-Depth limiting roller; 1-11-Tie rod; 1-12-Telescopic universal joint; 1-13-Front cover; 1-14-Side drive shaft; 2-Crushing and landfill depth adjustment device; 2-1-Support column; 2-2-Telescopic square tube; 2-3-Guide square tube; 2-4-Connecting pin; 2-5-Cotter pin; 2-6-Hydraulic cylinder; 3-Landfill device; 3-1-Rear suspension frame; 3-2-Intermediate gearbox; 3-3- Rear frame; 3-4-Left cutter roller; 3-5-Right cutter roller; 3-6-Cutter holder; 3-7-Buried cutter; 3-8-Support plate; 4-Corrosion accelerator spraying device; 4-1-Drug tank; 4-2-Sprayer head; 4-3-Electric pump; 4-4-Variable valve; 5-Pulverizing load monitoring system; 5-1-Proximity sensor; 5-2-Metal detection disc; 5-2-1-Fan-shaped through hole; 5-3-Fixed bracket; 6-Microprocessor control module; 7-Solenoid valve group; 7-1-Overflow valve; 7-2-Three-position four-way solenoid directional valve; 7-3-Hydraulic check valve; 7-4-First one-way throttle valve; 7-5-Two-way synchronous valve; 7-6-Second one-way throttle valve; 7-7-First quick connector; 7-8-Second quick connector. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and landfilling equipment shown includes a crushing device 1 and a landfilling device 3 arranged in a front and rear configuration, as well as a decomposition agent spraying device 4.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the crushing device 1 includes a front frame 1-3, a crushing roller 1-4, a moving crushing blade 1-6, a fixed crushing blade 1-7, and a depth-limiting roller 1-10. The depth-limiting roller 1-10 is located between the crushing blade assembly and the landfill device 3. The moving crushing blade 1-6 is mounted on the crushing roller 1-4. Specifically, a crushing blade seat 1-5 is fixed on the crushing roller 1-4, and each crushing blade seat 1-5 is fixed with the moving blade 1-6. The fixed crushing blade 1-7 is mounted inside a front cover 1-13 fixed relative to the front frame 1-3, and the crushing roller 1-4 is located below the front cover 1-13. A front suspension frame 1-1 for connecting to a tractor is fixed to the front side of the front frame 1-3, and a linkage mechanism or sliding mechanism is connected between the front suspension frame 1-1 and the tractor's mounting mechanism to allow the front suspension frame 1-1 to float relative to the tractor.

[0048] The equipment also includes a crushing and landfill depth control device 2, a crushing load monitoring system 5, and a microprocessor control module 6.

[0049] The crushing and landfill depth control device 2 connects the front frame 1-3 and the depth-limiting roller 1-10, and includes a hydraulic cylinder 2-6 that changes the relative height between the front frame 1-3 and the depth-limiting roller 1-10.

[0050] The rear frame 3-3 of the landfill device 3 can be adjusted in height relative to the front frame 1-3.

[0051] The crushing load monitoring system 5 is configured to monitor the driving torque of the crushing rollers 1-4; the microprocessor control module 6 is configured to acquire the rotational speed of the crushing rollers 1-4 and the driving torque data collected by the crushing load monitoring system 5, and dynamically adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinders 2-6 and the spraying flow rate of the corrosion accelerator spraying device 4 accordingly. Adjusting the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinders 2-6 also adjusts the height of the crushing device 1 and the landfill device 3.

[0052] During operation, the output shaft on the side of the front gearbox 1-2 transmits power to the crushing roller 1-4 via the side drive shaft 1-14 and the side drive 1-8. The crushing roller 1-4 drives the moving blade 1-6 to rotate at high speed, thereby breaking and picking up the rice straw and green manure on the ground. The mixture then rotates with the moving blade 1-6 to the fixed blade 1-7, where it is further shredded. The shredded rice straw-green manure mixture is then scattered onto the ground and compacted by the depth-limiting roller 1-10, facilitating subsequent mixing and burial by the mixing device 3. The crushing roller 1-4 rotates in the opposite direction during operation, that is, opposite to the direction of the machine's movement.

[0053] In this invention, by adding a crushing and landfill depth control device 2, a crushing load monitoring system 5, and a microprocessor control module 6, the microprocessor control module 6 can dynamically adjust the height of the crushing device 1 and the landfill device 3 according to the rotation speed and torque of the crushing rollers 1-4. This can effectively ensure the crushing effect and landfill depth, guarantee the quality of the operation, and prevent the crushing blades 1-6 and the landfill blades 3-7 of the landfill device 3 from penetrating too deeply into the soil, which would increase the operating resistance of the machinery and cause additional losses. At the same time, it makes the spraying flow rate of the accelerator match the treatment amount of green manure or straw, promoting the decomposition of green manure or straw while preventing the excessive application or insufficient use of the accelerator.

[0054] Preferably, a front gearbox 1-2 and a side drive shaft 1-14 are mounted on the front frame 1-3. The front gearbox 1-2 has an output shaft that connects to the PTO output shaft of the tractor and two side output heads. The side drive shaft 1-14 establishes a transmission relationship between one of the side output heads of the front gearbox 1-2 and the crushing roller 1-4. Specifically, the side drive shaft 1-14 is connected to the crushing roller 1-4 through a side drive 1-8.

[0055] like Figure 9 As shown, the crushing load monitoring system 5 includes two proximity sensors 5-1 located at both ends of the side drive shaft 1-14 and two metal detection disks 5-2; the metal detection disks 5-2 are fixed on the side drive shaft 1-14 and have fan-shaped through holes 5-2-1, and the fan-shaped through holes 5-2-1 on the two metal detection disks 5-2 are staggered. In this embodiment, the staggered angle difference is 120°-180°; Figure 10 As shown, the proximity sensor 5-1 is fixed to the front frame 1-3 by a fixing bracket 5-3. The width W of the fan-shaped through hole 5-2-1 is greater than the diameter d of the proximity sensor 5-1, and the center of the proximity sensor 5-1 is directly opposite the center of the width of the fan-shaped through hole 5-2-1. Thus, when the fan-shaped through hole 5-2-1 passes through the proximity sensor 5-1, the proximity sensor 5-1 outputs a high-level signal; after the fan-shaped through hole 5-2-1 leaves the proximity sensor 5-1, the proximity sensor 5-1 outputs a low-level signal. In this way, the proximity sensor 5-1 can output a square wave signal, such as... Figure 11 As shown in the figure, t1 is the time it takes for one of the metal detection disks to pass the corresponding proximity sensor 5-1, and t2 is the time it takes for the other metal detection disk to pass the corresponding proximity sensor 5-1. Furthermore, the microprocessor control module 6 can also calculate the rotational speed of the side drive shaft 1-14 based on the square wave signal generated by the proximity sensor 5-1.

[0056] During use, the load change of the crushing roller 1-4 will cause the side drive shaft 1-14 to undergo torsional deformation, which is reflected as a change in the misalignment angle difference between the two ends of the side drive shaft 1-14. By setting up the crushing load monitoring system 5, based on the square wave signal collected by the two proximity sensors 5-1, the time interval T between the two proximity sensors 5-1 detecting the corresponding fan-shaped through hole 5-2-1 can be obtained. This data can reflect the amount of torsion between the two ends of the side drive shaft 1-14. Based on this, the change in torque can be calculated according to the change in the time interval DT.

[0057] The structure and installation layout of the crushing load monitoring system 5 are reasonable. It makes full use of the characteristic that the side drive shaft 1-14 will undergo torsional deformation when subjected to different loads. By using the proximity sensor 5-1 and the metal detection disk 5-2 with the fan-shaped through hole 5-2-1, it can indirectly obtain the slight torsional angle change, so that the microprocessor control module 6 can accurately monitor the crushing load.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, the crushing and landfill depth control device 2 also includes a support column 2-1, a telescopic square tube 2-2, and a guide square tube 2-3, with the guide square tube 2-3 connected to the front frame 1-3; the depth-limiting roller 1-10 is installed at the lower end of the support column 2-1, as shown. Figure 5 As shown, the support column 2-1 is fixed relative to the telescopic square tube 2-2, and the telescopic square tube 2-2 is slidably fitted with the guide square tube 2-3, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, the guide square tube 2-3 has a strip-shaped hole, and the telescopic square tube 2-2 is fixed with a connecting pin 2-4 that can move along the strip-shaped hole. A cotter pin 2-5 is installed on the connecting pin 2-4 to prevent axial movement. The hydraulic cylinder 2-6 is installed on the top of the guide square tube 2-3, and the telescopic rod is connected to the telescopic square tube 2-2.

[0059] Preferably, both ends of the depth-limiting rollers 1-10 are connected to a set of crushing and landfill depth control devices 2; the two hydraulic cylinders 2-6 corresponding to the two sets of crushing and landfill depth control devices 2 are each connected to a solenoid valve group 7, such as... Figure 7As shown, the solenoid valve assembly 7 includes an overflow valve 7-1 and a three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 7-2. The working port of the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 7-2 is connected to the inlet and outlet ports of the hydraulically controlled check valve 7-3. One working port of the hydraulically controlled check valve 7-3 is connected to the inlet ports of the two hydraulic cylinders 2-6 via a first one-way throttle valve 7-4 and a two-way synchronizing valve 7-5. The outlet ports of the two hydraulic cylinders 2-6 are connected to the other working port of the hydraulically controlled check valve 7-3 via a second one-way throttle valve 7-6. The inlet and outlet lines are connected to the tractor's hydraulic system via a first quick connector 7-7 and a second quick connector 7-8, respectively. Using the above-mentioned solenoid valve assembly 7, the two sets of hydraulic cylinders 2-6 can move synchronously, realizing the synchronous lifting and lowering of both ends of the depth-limiting roller 1-10.

[0060] Among them, the overflow valve 7-1 is used to maintain the oil pressure stability of the entire solenoid valve group 7; the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 7-2 can switch the oil supply and return directions to realize the bidirectional action of the hydraulic cylinder 2-6, and the control signal of its solenoid coil comes from the microprocessor control module 6.

[0061] The hydraulically controlled check valve 7-3 has three functions: First, it uses its unidirectional conduction to close the oil supply and return circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 2-6, keeping the piston position fixed. This also reduces the impact on the hydraulic system caused by the deep roller 1-10 contacting the ground during operation, thus reducing the impact on the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 7-2 and enhancing the stability of the hydraulic system. Second, the hydraulically controlled check valve 7-3 can open the return circuit through the high-pressure oil on the supply side, enabling oil return. This reduces the impact and vibration of the hydraulic cylinder from a standstill to operation, improving the smoothness during automatic adjustment. Third, using its dual unidirectional conduction function, the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 7-2 can be kept in the neutral position when no adjustment is needed, eliminating the need to power the coil of the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 7-2, thus reducing power consumption and heat generation.

[0062] The structural design of the crushing and landfill depth control device 2 ensures the stability and reliability of the movement of the depth-limiting rollers 1-10 relative to the front frame 1-3. The oil circuit design of the solenoid valve group 7 ensures the synchronization of the movement of the two crushing and landfill depth control devices 2 located at both ends of the depth-limiting rollers 1-10.

[0063] Preferably, the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 7-2 is driven by an electromagnetic coil drive circuit; the electromagnetic coil drive circuit consists of an N-channel silicon MOSFET 2SK2931 and a diode stack 10GL2CZ47A. Furthermore, the electromagnetic coil drive circuit also includes an optocoupler TLP817, which is used to physically isolate the microprocessor circuit and the solenoid valve coil drive circuit. The diode stack D1 is used to eliminate reverse freewheeling current in the coil, suppress surges, and prevent the MOSFET from being reverse-biased and broken down.

[0064] Preferably, the preservative spraying device 4 includes a liquid tank 4-1, nozzles 4-2, an electric pump 4-3, and a variable valve 4-4. Multiple nozzles 4-2 are arranged in a linear array and installed on the front side of the front frame 1-3. All nozzles 4-2 forming a nozzle group are connected to the liquid tank 4-1 via the electric pump 4-3 and the variable valve 4-4. The variable valve 4-4 is connected to the microprocessor control module 6. The microprocessor control module 6 controls the power supply voltage of the variable valve 4-4 based on the target spray flow rate, achieving stepless adjustment of the preservative spray flow rate. Furthermore, when the target spray flow rate is 0, the microprocessor control module 6 stops supplying power to the electric pump 4-3.

[0065] Preferably, in one embodiment, the rear side of the front frame 1-3 has two rear mounting plates 1-9 disposed on the left and right sides respectively; the rear mounting plates 1-9 have multiple sets of mounting holes with different heights; the front side of the rear frame 3-3 has a rear suspension bracket 3-1 that can connect to the mounting holes, and the rear suspension bracket 3-1 is connected to the mounting holes by bolts. When the connecting part of the rear frame 3-3 is connected to a lower mounting hole, the burial depth is deeper, and vice versa. In addition, both the front suspension bracket 1-1 and the rear suspension bracket 3-1 are three-point suspension brackets, and the upper mounting point of the front suspension bracket 1-1 is connected to the upper mounting point of the rear suspension bracket 3-1 by a tie rod 1-11, the length of which can be adjusted.

[0066] Preferably, in another embodiment, the rear frame 3-3 is capable of sliding up and down relative to the front frame 1-3, and a lifting drive mechanism is connected between the two. The microprocessor control module 6 is capable of driving the lifting drive mechanism. The lifting drive mechanism can be a drive unit such as a hydraulic cylinder.

[0067] By allowing the rear frame 3-3 to adjust its height relative to the front frame 1-3, the initial burial depth of the burial device 3 can be set to meet different needs. In a preferred case, by driving the lifting mechanism, the burial depth can be adjusted in real time as needed to ensure the stability of the operation quality.

[0068] like Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the mixing and burying device 3 also includes an intermediate gearbox 3-2 mounted on the rear frame 3-3, and a left cutter roller 3-4 and a right cutter roller 3-5 mounted on both sides of the intermediate gearbox 3-2. Each side of the intermediate gearbox 3-2 has an output shaft connecting the left cutter roller 3-4 and the right cutter roller 3-5. The rear output shaft of the front gearbox 1-2 is connected to the intermediate gearbox 3-2 via a telescopic universal joint 1-12. A mixing and burying blade 3-7 is mounted on each of the left cutter roller 3-4 and the right cutter roller 3-5. Specifically, a blade holder 3-6 is fixed on each of the left cutter roller 3-4 and the right cutter roller 3-5, and each blade holder 3-6 is fixed with a mixing and burying blade 3-7. A support plate 3-8 is mounted on the rear side of the rear frame 3-3. Both the left cutter roller 3-4 and the right cutter roller 3-5 rotate in the forward direction, that is, in the same direction as the machine's forward movement. The pallets 3-8 are used to level and compact the ground surface after the work is done, which is conducive to the full decomposition of rice straw and green manure.

[0069] The crushing device 1 and the landfilling device 3 are centrally located in the front-to-back direction. In order to ensure that the landfilling device 3 works entirely on the surface after the rice straw or green manure has been crushed, and to reduce the problem of green manure vines entanglement that may occur on the left and right sides of the frame of the landfilling device 3 and on the outside of the left cutter roller 3-4 and the right cutter roller 3-5, the working width of the crushing device 1 is 10-20cm wider than that of the landfilling device 3.

[0070] like Figure 14 The diagram shown is a schematic of the control system for the work equipment in this invention. Figure 15 As shown, the microprocessor control module 6 includes a control box containing a control circuit board and a manual control unit outside the control box. Specifically, it includes a power button, an automatic spraying button, an automatic adjustment button, a flow control knob, and a lifting control button. When the automatic spraying button is not pressed, it is in manual spraying mode. In this mode, the user can manually adjust the spraying flow rate of the composting agent using the flow control knob. When the automatic spraying button is pressed, the flow control knob is disabled, and the control circuit board performs automatic spraying based on data collected by the crushing load monitoring system 5. When the automatic adjustment button is not pressed, the user can control the operation of the crushing and landfill depth control device 2 using the lifting control button. When the automatic adjustment button is pressed, the lifting control button is disabled, and the control circuit board automatically controls the operation of the crushing and landfill depth control device 2 based on data collected by the crushing load monitoring system 5.

[0071] Specifically, the strategy for controlling the spraying and crushing-and-landfilling height of the preservative in this invention is as follows:

[0072] First, in manual control mode, the spraying flow rate of the accelerator spraying device 4 is adjusted to meet the predetermined conditions, and the extension and retraction of the telescopic rods of the hydraulic cylinders 2-6 are manually adjusted to ensure that the crushing and landfilling effects meet the requirements. In manual control mode, the control circuit board continuously records the data generated by the crushing load monitoring system 5 and calculates the speed and torque data corresponding to the side drive shafts 1-14.

[0073] Then, press the automatic spraying button and the automatic adjustment button respectively. The control circuit board records the rotational speed data of the side drive shaft 1-14 and the spraying flow rate data when the automatic spraying button is pressed as the base rotational speed and base flow rate of the automatic spraying mode (this data is also the data at the end of the manual control mode). Subsequently, the control circuit board adjusts the flow rate data proportionally based on the ratio of the real-time rotational speed of the side drive shaft 1-14 to the base rotational speed and based on the base flow rate.

[0074] The control circuit board records the rotational speed and drive torque data of the side drive shaft 1-14 when the automatic adjustment button is pressed, serving as the reference speed and torque for the automatic adjustment mode. Based on the reference speed and torque, if the real-time drive torque increases and the real-time rotational speed decreases, it is considered that the crushing and burial depth is too deep and needs to be reduced. This is achieved by using the hydraulic system to drive the depth-limiting roller 1-10 downwards via hydraulic cylinder 2-6, raising the overall height of the machine and thus reducing the crushing and burial depth. Conversely, if the real-time drive torque decreases and the real-time rotational speed increases, it is considered that the crushing and burial depth is too shallow and needs to be increased. This is achieved by using the hydraulic system to drive the depth-limiting roller 1-10 retract via hydraulic cylinder 2-6, lowering the overall height of the machine and thus increasing the crushing and burial depth.

[0075] Furthermore, in embodiments where the microprocessor control module 6 can control the operation of the lifting drive mechanism to change the height of the rear frame 3-3 relative to the front frame 1-3, when the automatic adjustment button is pressed, the control circuit board simultaneously records the relative height of the rear frame 3-3 and the front frame 1-3 as the base height. If the real-time drive torque remains essentially constant within a preset range, and the real-time rotational speed decreases beyond a preset range, it indicates that the landfill device 3 is buried too deep or the soil compaction has increased, slowing down the operation of the crushing device 1. Therefore, the rear frame 3-3 is controlled to rise relative to the front frame 1-3. If the real-time drive torque remains essentially constant within a preset range, and the real-time rotational speed increases beyond a preset range, it indicates that the landfill device 3 is buried too shallow or the soil compaction has decreased. The rear frame 3-3 is controlled to descend relative to the front frame 1-3.

[0076] The above control strategies can significantly maintain the stability of operational quality and ensure the reasonableness of the spraying flow rate of the preservative.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting, comprising a crushing device (1) and a mixing device (3) arranged in a front-to-back configuration, and further comprising a composting agent spraying device (4); the crushing device (1) comprises a front frame (1-3), a crushing blade roller (1-4), a crushing moving blade (1-6), a crushing fixed blade (1-7), and a depth-limiting ground roller (1-10), wherein the depth-limiting ground roller (1-10) is located between the crushing blade assembly and the mixing device (3); characterized in that: It also includes a crushing and landfill depth control device (2), a crushing load monitoring system (5), and a microprocessor control module (6). The crushing and landfill depth control device (2) connects the front frame (1-3) and the depth limiting roller (1-10), and includes a hydraulic cylinder (2-6) that changes the relative height between the front frame (1-3) and the depth limiting roller (1-10). The rear frame (3-3) of the burial device (3) can be adjusted in height relative to the front frame (1-3); The crushing load monitoring system (5) is configured to monitor the driving torque of the crushing rollers (1-4); The microprocessor control module (6) is configured to acquire the rotational speed of the crushing roller (1-4) and the driving torque data collected by the crushing load monitoring system (5), and dynamically adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder (2-6) and the spraying flow rate of the corrosion promoter spraying device (4) accordingly.

2. The combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front frame (1-3) is equipped with a front gearbox (1-2) and a side drive shaft (1-14), and the side drive shaft (1-14) establishes the transmission relationship between the front gearbox (1-2) and the crushing roller (1-4); The crushing load monitoring system (5) includes two proximity sensors (5-1) and two metal detection disks (5-2) located at both ends of the side drive shaft (1-14); the metal detection disks (5-2) are fixed on the side drive shaft (1-14) and have fan-shaped through holes (5-2-1), and the fan-shaped through holes (5-2-1) on the two metal detection disks (5-2) are staggered; the proximity sensors (5-1) are fixed on the front frame (1-3).

3. The combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing and burial depth control device (2) further includes a support column (2-1), a telescopic square tube (2-2), and a guide square tube (2-3); the depth-limiting roller (1-10) is installed at the lower end of the support column (2-1), and the support column (2-1) and the telescopic square tube (2-2) are fixed relative to each other. The telescopic square tube (2-2) and the guide square tube (2-3) are slidably fitted together. The guide square tube (2-3) has a strip hole, and a connecting pin (2-4) that can move along the strip hole is fixed on the telescopic square tube (2-2); the hydraulic cylinder (2-6) is installed on the top of the guide square tube (2-3), and the telescopic rod is connected to the telescopic square tube (2-2).

4. The combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the depth-limiting roller (1-10) are connected to a set of crushing and landfill depth control devices (2); the two hydraulic cylinders (2-6) corresponding to the two sets of crushing and landfill depth control devices (2) are connected to a solenoid valve group (7), the solenoid valve group (7) has an overflow valve (7-1) and a three-position four-way solenoid directional valve (7-2); the working port of the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve (7-2) is connected to the inlet and outlet of the hydraulic control check valve (7-3); one working port of the hydraulic control check valve (7-3) is connected to the inlet of the two hydraulic cylinders (2-6) through a first one-way throttle valve (7-4) and a two-way synchronous valve (7-5); the outlet of the two hydraulic cylinders (2-6) is connected to the other working port of the hydraulic control check valve (7-3) through a second one-way throttle valve (7-6).

5. The combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (7-2) is driven by an electromagnetic coil drive circuit; the electromagnetic coil drive circuit consists of an N-channel silicon MOS transistor and a diode stack.

6. The combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corrosion accelerator spraying device (4) includes a liquid tank (4-1), a nozzle (4-2), an electric pump (4-3), and a variable valve (4-4); a plurality of nozzles (4-2) are arranged in a linear array and installed on the front side of the front frame (1-3), and the nozzle group consisting of all the nozzles (4-2) is connected to the liquid tank (4-1) through the electric pump (4-3) and the variable valve (4-4); the variable valve (4-4) is connected to the microprocessor control module (6).

7. The combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear side of the front frame (1-3) has two rear mounting plates (1-9) placed on the left and right sides respectively; the rear mounting plates (1-9) have multiple sets of mounting holes with different heights; the front side of the rear frame (3-3) has a rear suspension bracket (3-1) that can connect to the mounting holes.

8. The combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear frame (3-3) can slide up and down relative to the front frame (1-3), and a lifting drive mechanism is connected between the two. The microprocessor control module (6) can drive the lifting drive mechanism to operate.

9. The combined operation equipment for green manure-rice straw crushing, mixing, and composting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mixing and burying device (3) also includes an intermediate gearbox (3-2) installed on the rear frame (3-3), and a left cutter roller (3-4) and a right cutter roller (3-5) installed on both sides of the intermediate gearbox (3-2); the rear output shaft of the front gearbox (1-2) is connected to the intermediate gearbox (3-2) through a telescopic universal joint (1-12); a mixing and burying cutter (3-7) is installed on the left cutter roller (3-4) and the right cutter roller (3-5); a support plate (3-8) is installed on the rear side of the rear frame (3-3).

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