Carbon-14-containing aerosol absorption device and carbon-14-containing aerosol absorption method

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon-14-containing aerosol absorption device and a carbon-14-containing aerosol absorption method. The carbon-14-containing aerosol absorption device comprises a pretreatment module, a mark synthesis operation module, an aerosol absorption module, an air exhaust module and a control module, wherein the mark synthesis operation module comprises an operation box, an air inlet part and an air exhaust part. The gas extraction module provides a power source for gas flow, the pretreatment module is used for impurity removal, dehydration and decarburization of gas flow, a high-quality gas source is provided for the mark synthesis operation module, and the operation box with a door body controllable in opening and closing and adjustable in opening degree provides a safe and reliable negative pressure operation environment for carbon-14 mark synthesis reaction. The four-stage series aerosol absorption module efficiently captures and absorbs carbon-14-containing aerosol through a multi-stage synergistic effect to prevent carbon-14 from diffusing and escaping, the control module monitors tail gas on line in real time, and all the modules of the whole device achieve a synergistic effect to provide a safe operation environment for carbon-14 labeling synthesis reaction. And the tail gas is discharged in a compliant manner.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of radioactive substance processing, in particular to a carbon-14-containing aerosol absorption device and a carbon-14-containing aerosol absorption method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Long-term practice shows that the existing traditional exhaust system of carbon-14 labeling synthesis laboratories has obvious defects in the treatment of carbon-14-containing aerosols, which not only leads to difficult control of radioactive contamination, but also causes a series of problems such as a sharp increase in the amount of radioactive solid waste, secondary pollution, health and safety, energy consumption, and adversely affects the safe operation and compliance of the laboratory. The specific performance is as follows: (1) The radioactive surface contamination caused by the diffusion of carbon-14-containing aerosols is expanding.

[0003] In the traditional laboratory exhaust system, the carbon-14-containing aerosols generated in the labeling synthesis process are directly discharged into the exhaust duct. Due to the inherent structural limitations of the fume hood, it is difficult to monitor the radioactive surface contamination of the top deflector of the operation box, and it is difficult to clean the contamination. The exhaust duct supported by indoor and outdoor high-altitude erection is complex to disassemble and assemble, which makes it impossible to timely monitor the radioactive surface contamination of the inner wall of the duct and clean the contamination. As a result, the carbon-14-containing aerosols continue to diffuse, deposit and accumulate in the duct, eventually causing large-area radioactive surface contamination on the inner wall of the duct from the top deflector of the fume hood operation box to the outdoor exhaust port.

[0004] (2) The amount of radioactive solid waste generated is huge, exceeding the conventional disposal carrying capacity, greatly increasing the technical complexity of the later disposal link, and significantly increasing the disposal cost, forming an economic burden that cannot be optimized by conventional means.

[0005] For the radioactive surface contamination of the traditional fume hood and exhaust duct, due to the large system volume, complex structure and long length, the disassembly and assembly are difficult and costly. The radioactive surface contamination of the inner wall of the large exhaust duct has been ignored for a long time. Carbon-14 deposited in the inner wall of the duct gradually penetrates into the attached layer, converting removable surface contamination into fixed surface contamination. This not only converts the duct material and part of the fume hood panel into radioactive solid waste that cannot be subjected to volume and mass reduction treatment and has extremely high disposal cost, but also the waste volume is huge, and this problem is easily ignored before the laboratory is decommissioned and is only concentrated at the time of decommissioning.

[0006] (3) The filter material and adsorbent at the end of the exhaust system need to be replaced regularly, which may cause secondary radioactive contamination during replacement.

[0007] Traditional exhaust systems require the HEPA and activated carbon filters at the end of the system to have their filter media and adsorbents replaced every 3-6 months. These replaced materials are radioactive solid waste, which is difficult to reduce in volume and has high disposal costs. More importantly, these material replacements are carried out in an unsealed environment, and the carbon-14 adsorbed on the material surface can easily drift and diffuse due to vibration, leading to secondary radioactive contamination and further expanding the contamination area.

[0008] (4) The terminal treatment equipment in the traditional laboratory exhaust system also has limitations in its treatment effect on carbon-14 aerosol.

[0009] Due to the complex chemical composition of carbon-14 aerosols, HEPA filters and activated carbon adsorption at the end of the exhaust system have significant blind spots: HEPA filters mainly trap particles with a diameter ≥0.3 μm, and cannot cover all particulate carbon-14 aerosols; activated carbon is only effective at adsorbing non-polar, high-boiling-point organic compounds, and its adsorption capacity for small molecules such as formaldehyde and methanol is only 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 that of non-polar substances, and its adsorption efficiency decreases by more than 30% when humidity is >60%. In addition, the filter screen is prone to clogging when encountering corrosive or sticky carbon-14 aerosols such as acid mist or oil mist, and the equipment is also prone to moisture damage and failure during the rainy season in southern regions.

[0010] (5) Under the traditional laboratory exhaust system operation mode, multiple radioactive contamination and health and safety hazards coexist.

[0011] In traditional laboratory ventilation systems, the protective gloves worn by personnel involved in synthesis are easily contaminated after contact with carbon-14-containing materials, experimental equipment, or contaminated surfaces. Frequent manual lifting of the fume hood window further contaminates the window with the contaminated gloves or hands, creating a secondary source of contamination. Furthermore, the fixed width of the fume hood's operating opening (commonly 1.2 m, 1.5 m, 1.8 m) far exceeds the required width for the experiment. When the window is raised to increase the opening (normally 40-50 cm during operation), the excessive opening disrupts airflow stability within the hood, causing carbon-14 aerosols to easily form eddies inside (especially directly in front of the operator), significantly increasing the risk of escape from gaps around the window or areas of turbulent airflow. This escaped carbon-14 aerosol contaminates laboratory surfaces, floors, walls, and other indoor facilities and equipment, causing indoor airborne radioactive pollution. It can also enter the human body through respiration, posing a combined health threat of internal radiation and chemical toxicity to laboratory personnel.

[0012] (6) The exhaust duct has a large longitudinal span and a large overall volume, which means that the exhaust fan needs to be of high power, has high energy consumption, and has high operating noise.

[0013] Traditional laboratory exhaust systems have long longitudinal ducts and large overall volume. To ensure the exhaust effect, the exhaust fans need to be of high power. This not only leads to high energy consumption and increases the operating cost of the laboratory, but also generates high noise when the high-power fans are running, which interferes with the laboratory's operating environment and further affects the overall operating experience of the laboratory.

[0014] In summary, the problems with carbon-14 aerosols generated by carbon-14 labeling synthesis under traditional laboratory exhaust systems are as follows: they lead to large-scale diffusion of surface contamination, failure to monitor and remove surface contamination in a timely manner, accumulation of radioactive pollutants, and the release of carbon-14 aerosols that endanger the health of operators and the safety of the operating site and environment; they also result in a huge volume of radioactive solid waste that cannot be reduced in volume or quantity, and the disposal of this radioactive solid waste is technically challenging and extremely costly. Summary of the Invention

[0015] This application provides a carbon-14 aerosol absorption device and a carbon-14 aerosol absorption method to efficiently absorb carbon-14 aerosols, prevent carbon-14 from diffusing and escaping, and achieve compliant emission of carbon-14 labeling synthesis reaction tail gas.

[0016] In a first aspect, this application provides a carbon-14 aerosol absorption device, comprising a pretreatment module, a labeling and synthesis operation module, an aerosol absorption module, an exhaust module, and a control module. The pretreatment module includes a filtration and impurity removal unit, a dehydration unit, and an adsorption and decarbonization unit. The filtration and impurity removal unit removes solid particles from the gas stream, the dehydration unit removes moisture from the gas stream, and the adsorption and decarbonization unit removes carbon dioxide from the gas stream. The dehydration unit is connected to the filtration and impurity removal unit, and the adsorption and decarbonization unit is connected to the dehydration unit. The labeling and synthesis operation module includes an operation box, an air inlet, and an exhaust section. The operation box has an internal storage space and is equipped with an openable door. The air inlet is connected to the adsorption and decarbonization unit, and the air inlet and the exhaust section are respectively connected to the operation box. The aerosol absorption module includes a deacidification absorption unit, a dealkali absorption unit, a non-polar substance absorption unit, and a polar substance absorption unit connected in sequence. The deacidification absorption unit is connected to the exhaust section. The extraction module is connected to the polar substance absorption unit. The extraction module provides power for the airflow through the pretreatment module, the labeling synthesis module, and the aerosol absorption module, and creates a negative pressure environment within the operating chamber. The control module includes a negative pressure detection unit, a door opening / closing control unit, and an online aerosol monitoring unit. The negative pressure detection unit is located within the operating chamber. The door opening / closing control unit controls the opening and closing of the door. The online aerosol monitoring unit is located on the extraction module and monitors the carbon-14 content in the airflow discharged from the extraction module.

[0017] In one specific implementation, the dehydration unit includes a condensation dehumidification unit and an adsorption dehydration unit connected together. The condensation dehumidification unit is connected to the filtration and impurity removal unit and is used to remove moisture from the airflow by condensation. The adsorption dehydration unit is connected to the adsorption decarbonization unit and is used to remove moisture from the airflow by adsorption.

[0018] In one specific implementation, the condensation dehumidification unit includes a condensation dehumidification housing, a condenser pipe, and a drain valve. The condenser pipe is disposed inside the condensation dehumidification housing, and the drain valve is disposed at the bottom of the condensation dehumidification housing. Moisture in the airflow condenses on the surface of the condenser pipe and is discharged from the condensation dehumidification housing by the drain valve.

[0019] In one specific implementation, the adsorption-dehydration unit includes an adsorption-dehydration shell and a bottom filter, an air distribution element, a support plate, and a top filter disposed inside the adsorption-dehydration shell. The bottom filter and the top filter are respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the adsorption-dehydration shell; the air distribution element is disposed above the bottom filter, and the air distribution element and the bottom filter are spaced apart, forming an air distribution cavity between the air distribution element and the bottom filter; the support plate has through holes to allow airflow; a dehydrating adsorbent bed is disposed inside the adsorption-dehydration shell, and the dehydrating adsorbent bed is disposed between the support plate and the top filter, the dehydrating adsorbent bed being used to adsorb moisture in the airflow.

[0020] In one specific implementation, the structure of the adsorption decarbonization unit is the same as that of the adsorption dehydration unit, and the adsorption decarbonization unit is provided with a decarbonization adsorbent column bed inside, which is used to adsorb carbon in the gas stream.

[0021] In one specific implementation, the exhaust section includes a top exhaust duct, a bottom exhaust duct, an exhaust switching section, and an exhaust outlet. The first ends of the top exhaust duct and the bottom exhaust duct are respectively connected to the operation box. The first ends of the top exhaust duct and the bottom exhaust duct are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The second ends of the top exhaust duct and the bottom exhaust duct are respectively connected to the exhaust outlet through the exhaust switching section. The exhaust switching section is used to connect the top exhaust duct and the exhaust outlet or to connect the bottom exhaust duct and the exhaust outlet.

[0022] In one specific implementation, the door is mounted on the control box via a slide rail assembly. The slide rail assembly includes an upper slide rail and a lower slide rail spaced apart vertically. The top of the door is movably connected to the upper slide rail, and the bottom of the door is movably connected to the lower slide rail. The door includes two door panels, each movably connected to both the upper and lower slide rails. The two door panels can move in opposite directions to open the door and move towards each other to close the door.

[0023] In one specific implementation, the deacidification absorption unit includes a shell, an air inlet, an air extraction port, and an aeration plate. The air inlet is located at the bottom of the shell of the deacidification absorption unit, the air extraction port is located at the top of the shell of the deacidification absorption unit, the internal space of the shell of the deacidification absorption unit is used to contain the deacidification absorption liquid, and the aeration plate is located inside the shell of the deacidification absorption unit, with the aeration plate positioned below the liquid level of the deacidification absorption liquid.

[0024] In one specific implementation, there are multiple aeration plates, which are spaced apart in the vertical direction.

[0025] In one specific implementation, the deacidification absorption unit further includes a feed port, which is located at the top of the housing of the deacidification absorption unit and is equipped with a sealing plug.

[0026] In one specific implementation scheme, the structures of the dealkali-type absorption unit, the non-polar substance absorption unit, and the polar substance absorption unit are the same as those of the deacidification absorption unit. The internal space of the shell of the dealkali-type absorption unit is used to contain the dealkali-type absorption liquid, the internal space of the shell of the non-polar substance absorption unit is used to contain the non-polar substance absorption liquid, and the internal space of the shell of the polar substance absorption unit is used to contain the polar substance absorption liquid.

[0027] In one specific implementation, the control module further includes a display control unit, a human body sensor, and a door opening / closing sensor. The display control unit is disposed on the outer wall of the operating box. The human body sensor is used to sense personnel operating the operating box, and the door opening / closing sensor is used to sense the opening and closing of the door. The human body sensor and the door opening / closing sensor are electrically connected to the display control unit. The negative pressure detection unit is electrically connected to the display control unit, the door opening / closing control unit is electrically connected to the display control unit, and the aerosol online monitoring unit is electrically connected to the display control unit.

[0028] In one specific implementation, the display control unit includes a system control element and a flow display element, a negative pressure display element, an aerosol activity display alarm element, and a start / stop control element, all electrically connected to the system control element. The flow display element is electrically connected to the air extraction module; the negative pressure display element is electrically connected to the negative pressure detection unit; and the aerosol activity display alarm element is electrically connected to the online aerosol monitoring unit.

[0029] Secondly, this application also provides a method for absorbing carbon-14 aerosols based on the aforementioned carbon-14 aerosol absorption device, the method comprising the following steps: The system detects the opening and closing status of the control box door. If the door is closed, the air extraction module is activated. The air extraction module is controlled to operate in the first mode, so that the inside of the operation box is in a negative pressure state, and the negative pressure value inside the operation box is maintained at no less than the preset standby state negative pressure threshold. Control the operation of the online aerosol monitoring unit; When a carbon-14 labeling synthesis operation needs to be carried out inside the operating box, the vacuum module is controlled to switch to the second mode to maintain the negative pressure value inside the operating box at no less than the preset operating state negative pressure threshold; wherein, the operating state negative pressure threshold is less than the standby state negative pressure threshold. The door is opened to allow carbon-14 labeling synthesis to be carried out inside the control box; The operation status inside the control box is detected. If there is no operation inside the control box for more than a preset time, the door is controlled to close. The opening and closing state of the door is detected. If the door is closed, the air extraction module is controlled to switch back to the first mode and the negative pressure value inside the operation box is maintained at or above the preset standby negative pressure threshold.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application includes an extraction module that provides power for gas flow, a pretreatment module that removes impurities, dehydrates, and decarbonizes the gas flow to provide a high-quality gas source for the labeling synthesis operation module, an operation box with controllable and adjustable door opening that provides a safe and reliable negative pressure operating environment for the carbon-14 labeling synthesis reaction, and a four-stage series aerosol absorption module that efficiently captures and absorbs carbon-14 aerosols through multi-stage synergistic action to prevent carbon-14 diffusion and escape. The control module also monitors the exhaust gas online in real time. All the modules of the entire device work together to provide a safe operating environment for the carbon-14 labeling synthesis reaction and to achieve compliant exhaust gas emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the pretreatment module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application is shown; Figure 2 This paper shows a front view of the labeling synthesis operation module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application; Figure 3 A side view of the labeling synthesis operation module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the aerosol absorption module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the control module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the figures denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. The terms expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of this application are illustrative based on the accompanying drawings, but changes can be made as needed, and all such changes are included within the scope of protection of this application. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application are only for illustrating relative positional relationships and do not represent actual scale.

[0033] Specific details are set forth in the following description to aid in understanding this application; however, embodiments of this application can be implemented in various ways other than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] As one possible application scenario, the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application can be used to treat carbon-14 aerosols generated during the laboratory carbon-14 labeling synthesis process.

[0035] In related technologies, the exhaust system of the carbon-14 labeling synthesis laboratory is limited by its inherent structure and cannot achieve timely monitoring of radioactive surface contamination. This leads to the long-term deposition, accumulation and infiltration of radioactive pollutants, resulting in a huge volume of radioactive solid waste and extremely high disposal costs. Furthermore, due to insufficient design and function, it is prone to the escape of carbon-14 aerosols and secondary pollution, exposing operators and the environment to the dual hazards of chemical toxicity and internal radiation toxicity of carbon-14.

[0036] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the pretreatment module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application is shown. Figure 2 The front view of the labeling synthesis operation module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application is shown. Figure 3 A side view of the labeling synthesis operation module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application is shown. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the aerosol absorption module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application is shown. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the control module of the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application is shown. (Combined with...) Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this embodiment may include a pretreatment module, a labeling synthesis operation module 5, an aerosol absorption module, an exhaust module 10, and a control module. The pretreatment module can systematically prepare clean, dry, and carbon dioxide-free airflow, preventing excessive moisture from entering the synthesis operation module 5 at the source, thus providing a high-quality air intake environment for the subsequent carbon-14 labeling synthesis reaction. The labeling synthesis operation module 5 can carry out the core operation steps of carbon-14 labeling synthesis and has exhaust control, operation interaction, and safety protection functions. The aerosol absorption module can achieve directional introduction, efficient aeration contact, and full absorption of carbon-14 aerosols. The exhaust module 10 provides power for the airflow and provides a negative pressure environment for carbon-14 labeling synthesis. The exhaust module 10 is the power source for gas flow. The control module serves as the core logic control center.

[0037] The pretreatment module may include a filtration and impurity removal unit 1, a dehydration unit, and an adsorption and decarbonization unit 4. The dehydration unit is connected to the filtration and impurity removal unit 1, and the adsorption and decarbonization unit 4 is connected to the dehydration unit. The airflow can sequentially flow through the filtration and impurity removal unit 1, the dehydration unit, and the adsorption and decarbonization unit 4. The filtration and impurity removal unit 1 can filter out solid particles, especially large solid particles, from the intake airflow to prevent solid particles from contaminating or clogging subsequent equipment. The dehydration unit can remove moisture from the airflow. The adsorption and decarbonization unit 4 can remove carbon dioxide from the airflow.

[0038] The labeling and synthesis operation module 5 may include an operation box 52, an air inlet 54, and an exhaust 51. The operation box 52 has an internal storage space and is equipped with an openable and closable door 55, the opening degree of which is adjustable. The air inlet 54 and the exhaust 51 are respectively connected to the operation box 52; the air inlet 54 serves as the air intake channel of the operation box 52, providing a continuous air supply for air replacement inside the operation box 52; the exhaust 51 serves as the exhaust channel of the operation box 52. The air inlet 54 is connected to the adsorption and decarbonization unit 4, and the airflow can flow from the adsorption and decarbonization unit 4 into the operation box 52 through the air inlet 54, and from the operation box 52 into the aerosol absorption module through the exhaust 51. The operating chamber 52 serves as the core space for the carbon-14 labeling synthesis module. When the door 55 is open, core operations for carbon-14 labeling synthesis can be carried out inside the operating chamber 52, including: material weighing, reaction feeding, stirring the reaction mixture, sampling the reaction mixture, TLC analysis of the reaction mixture, reaction quenching and post-processing, rapid column chromatography purification of crude product, HPLC preparation and comprehensive analysis sample preparation (such as samples used for Pre-HPLC, ESI-MS, Radio-TLC, Radio-HPLC and LSC analysis), and preliminary dispensing of the labeled substance. The operating chamber 52 is designed to create a relatively sealed operating environment, providing a relatively sealed negative pressure space after the device is started up. This, combined with the exhaust fan 51, enables airflow control to prevent leakage of carbon-14 aerosol. The carbon-14 aerosol generated during the carbon-14 labeling synthesis operation inside the operating chamber 52 is carried by the airflow into the subsequent aerosol absorption module.

[0039] The aerosol absorption module may include a deacidification absorption unit 6, a dealkali absorption unit 7, a non-polar substance absorption unit 8, and a polar substance absorption unit 9 connected in sequence. The deacidification absorption unit 6 is connected to the exhaust section 51, and airflow can flow from the control box 52 through the exhaust section 51 into the deacidification absorption unit 6, and the airflow can flow sequentially through the deacidification absorption unit 6, the dealkali absorption unit 7, the non-polar substance absorption unit 8, and the polar substance absorption unit 9. The deacidification absorption unit 6 can absorb acidic substances in the airflow, the dealkali absorption unit 7 can absorb alkaline substances in the airflow, the non-polar substance absorption unit 8 can absorb non-polar substances in the airflow, and the polar substance absorption unit 9 can absorb polar substances in the airflow.

[0040] The extraction module 10 is connected to the polar substance absorption unit 9. The extraction module 10 provides power for the airflow through the pretreatment module, the labeling and synthesis operation module 4, and the aerosol absorption module, and can create a negative pressure environment inside the operation box 52. Specifically, the extraction module 10 provides power for air to flow into the operation box 52 through the air inlet 54 and the door 55 (when open). When the door 55 of the operation box 52 is closed, a relatively sealed operating space is formed inside the operation box 52. After the extraction module 10 is started, a relatively sealed and stable negative pressure environment can be formed inside the operation box 52 to ensure that the negative pressure value meets the operational safety requirements.

[0041] The control module may include a negative pressure detection unit 521, a door opening and closing control unit 533, and an online aerosol monitoring unit 11. The negative pressure detection unit 521 is located inside the operating box 52. The door opening and closing control unit 533 can control the opening and closing of the door 55, opening the door 55 when carbon-14 labeling synthesis is required and closing the door 55 when no operation is required or after the operation is completed. The online aerosol monitoring unit 11 is located on the exhaust pipe 102 of the exhaust module 10. The online aerosol monitoring unit 11 can monitor the carbon-14 index in the gas flow discharged from the exhaust module 10 in real time, such as monitoring carbon-14 activity; after monitoring confirms that the carbon-14 index does not exceed the standard, the gas flow is then discharged into the laboratory exhaust system in compliance with regulations.

[0042] In practical applications, the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device provided in this application embodiment uses an extraction module 10 to provide a power source for gas flow. The pretreatment module removes impurities, dehydrates, and decarbonizes the gas flow, providing a high-quality gas source for the labeling synthesis operation module 5. The controllable opening and closing of the door 55 and the adjustable opening degree of the operation box 52 provide a safe and reliable negative pressure operating environment for the carbon-14 labeling synthesis reaction. The four-stage series aerosol absorption module efficiently captures and absorbs carbon-14 aerosols through multi-stage synergistic action, preventing carbon-14 from diffusing and escaping. The control module monitors the exhaust gas online in real time. All modules of the entire device work together to provide a safe operating environment for the carbon-14 labeling synthesis reaction and achieve compliant exhaust gas emissions.

[0043] Furthermore, the structure of this device is relatively simple, occupies little space, and is easy to disassemble and assemble. It can be installed completely indoors. On the one hand, this reduces the space for the suspension and diffusion of carbon-14 aerosols, and also reduces the surface area that can form radioactive contamination. The exhaust gas discharged into the laboratory ventilation system will not cause radioactive surface contamination to the laboratory ventilation duct. On the other hand, it makes it easier to detect radioactive surface contamination generated in the operating box 52 during operation, and to remove contamination points in a timely manner after they are discovered.

[0044] In practical implementation, the housing of the filtration and impurity removal unit 1 can be made of materials such as plexiglass or 316 stainless steel. The filtration and impurity removal unit 1 is equipped with a filter element 110, which can be located at the airflow inlet of the filtration and impurity removal unit 1. The filter element 110 can be made of PP melt-blown filter, glass fiber filter, etc., and can filter out solid particles in the intake airflow, especially large solid particles, such as liquid particles with a particle size > 5μm, viscous impurities, and various impurities such as dust and insects in the intake airflow. This prevents these substances that would interfere with subsequent airflow pretreatment from entering subsequent equipment, effectively preventing contamination or clogging of subsequent equipment.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the dehydration unit may include a condensation dehumidification unit 2 and an adsorption dehydration unit 3 connected together. The condensation dehumidification unit 2 is connected to the filtration and impurity removal unit 1, and the adsorption dehydration unit 3 is connected to the adsorption decarbonization unit 4. That is, the filtration and impurity removal unit 1, the condensation dehumidification unit 2, the adsorption dehydration unit 3, and the adsorption decarbonization unit 4 are connected sequentially, and the airflow can flow through the filtration and impurity removal unit 1, the condensation dehumidification unit 2, the adsorption dehydration unit 3, and the adsorption decarbonization unit 4 in sequence. The condensation dehumidification unit 2 removes moisture from the airflow by condensation. The adsorption dehydration unit 3 removes moisture from the airflow by adsorption.

[0046] In practical applications, the airflow processed by the filtration and impurity removal unit 1 can enter from the bottom and exit from the top of the condensation and dehumidification unit 2. Similarly, the airflow processed by the condensation and dehumidification unit 2 can enter from the bottom and exit from the top of the adsorption and dehydration unit 3; the airflow processed by the adsorption and dehydration unit 3 can enter from the bottom and exit from the top of the adsorption and decarbonization unit 4. The condensation and dehumidification unit 2, as a primary dehydration unit, can initially dehumidify the airflow by condensing and discharging the moisture in the airflow, thus removing most of the water vapor. This reduces the workload of the subsequent adsorption and dehydration unit 3 and can be precisely adapted to scenarios with high water vapor content in the air during hot and humid weather, requiring long-term continuous processing of large volumes of air. The adsorption and dehydration unit 3, as a secondary dehydration unit, can deeply remove residual moisture from the airflow, deeply drying the airflow after initial dehumidification by the condensation and dehumidification unit 2 through adsorption. The condensation dehumidification unit 2 and the adsorption dehydration unit 3 work together. The former can quickly remove a large amount of water vapor from the air to adapt to high temperature and high humidity environments (such as plum rain days) and long-term, high-flow operation scenarios. The latter can achieve deep drying. The two form a two-stage series dehydration system, which achieves efficient removal of moisture through step-by-step treatment. This not only reduces the adverse effects of moisture on the adsorption and decarbonization process of the subsequent adsorption decarbonization unit 4, but also provides a low-humidity, stable airflow for the subsequent labeling and synthesis operation module 5, ensuring precise humidity control of the labeling and synthesis operation module 5.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the condensation dehumidification unit 2 may include a condensation dehumidification housing 26, a condenser tube 25, and a drain valve 27. The condensation dehumidification housing 26 may be made of materials such as plexiglass or 316 stainless steel. The condenser tube 25 is located inside the condensation dehumidification housing 26, and the drain valve 27 is located at the bottom of the condensation dehumidification housing 26. The airflow entering the condensation dehumidification housing 26 exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the condenser tube 25, rapidly cooling it below the dew point. This causes most of the moisture in the airflow to liquefy on the surface of the condenser tube 25, forming condensate. The condensate is promptly discharged from the condensation dehumidification housing 26 by the drain valve 27. This design is particularly effective in dehumidifying environments with high temperature and high humidity. The drain valve 27 may be a one-way drain valve, and it may be connected to a condensate drain pipe 28. The condensate is discharged through the drain valve 27 and the condensate drain pipe 28.

[0048] In practical implementation, the condenser tube 25 can adopt a condenser coil structure, which has a large heat exchange area and high heat exchange efficiency, making it suitable for large-volume, continuous air dehumidification needs. It can also be equipped with a precise refrigerant temperature control system, dynamically adjusting the refrigerant temperature according to ambient humidity to adapt to different operating conditions. The refrigerant enters through the refrigerant inlet 22 of the condenser tube 25 and exits through the refrigerant outlet 23; the refrigerant inlet 22 and refrigerant outlet 23 can be located outside the condenser dehumidification housing 26. This implementation of the condenser dehumidification unit 2 can efficiently remove 70-80% of the moisture from the air under continuous air intake conditions, significantly reducing the processing load of the subsequent adsorption dehydration unit 3.

[0049] In practical applications, when the air humidity is <70%, the refrigerant temperature in the condenser 25 can be set to -10~-20℃, and the refrigerant can be an ethylene glycol aqueous solution (ethylene glycol mass fraction can be 25~30%) or a glycerol aqueous solution (glycerol mass fraction can be 40~45%), etc.; when the air humidity is ≥70%, the refrigerant temperature in the condenser 25 can be set to -30~-50℃, and the refrigerant can be an ethylene glycol aqueous solution (ethylene glycol mass fraction can be 55~60%). In both scenarios, ethanol can also be used as a short-term emergency alternative refrigerant.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the adsorption-dehydration unit 3 may include an adsorption-dehydration shell 305 and a bottom filter element 310, an air distribution element 308, a support plate 306, and a top filter element 303 disposed inside the adsorption-dehydration shell 305. The adsorption-dehydration shell 305 may be made of polypropylene (PP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), 316 stainless steel, etc. The bottom filter element 310 and the top filter element 303 may be disposed at the top and bottom of the adsorption-dehydration shell 305, respectively; the bottom filter element 310 may be a composite structure of a support mesh and filter cotton, the support mesh may be a porous support mesh made of stainless steel, and the pore size of the support mesh may be 2 mm; the top filter element 303 may be a high-efficiency filter cotton / glass fiber filter cloth, with a pore size of 0.5~1 mm, used to intercept fine powder of the dehydration adsorbent. The air distribution element 308 is positioned above the bottom filter element 310, with the air distribution element 308 and the bottom filter element 310 spaced apart, forming an air distribution chamber 309 between them. This provides an airflow buffer space between the air distribution element 308 and the bottom filter element 310, which can play a role in uniform airflow and allow residual moisture in the airflow to be removed more thoroughly. The air distribution element 308 can be a perforated plate-type air distribution plate with a thickness of 3~5mm, a pore diameter of 2~3mm, a pore spacing of 5mm, and uniform pore distribution. The height of the air distribution chamber 309 can be 5~10cm.

[0051] In specific implementation, the support plate 306 has through holes to allow airflow. The adsorption and dehydration shell 305 contains a dehydrating adsorbent bed 304, positioned between the support plate 306 and the top filter element 303. The dehydrating adsorbent bed 304 can adsorb moisture from the airflow; it can be a columnar structure formed by layering or stacking the dehydrating adsorbent on the support plate 306.

[0052] In actual installation, the adsorption and dehydration housing 305 of the adsorption and dehydration unit 3 can be equipped with a discharge port 307, through which the dehydrating adsorbent can be discharged, facilitating the replacement of the dehydrating adsorbent; the discharge port 307 can be a drawer-type structure. A sealing cover 302 can be provided on the top of the adsorption and dehydration unit 3, and the dehydration air outlet 301 can be located on the sealing cover 302. All components from the dehydration air inlet 311 to the dehydration air outlet 301 can be rigidly sealed using standardized flanges and suitable sealing gaskets, which not only facilitates component disassembly but also facilitates component replacement, cleaning, and routine maintenance such as adsorbent filling; the sealing gaskets can be silicone gaskets (thickness can be 3~5mm) or fluororubber gaskets, combining temperature resistance and sealing performance.

[0053] In practical applications, the airflow from the condensation dehumidification unit 2 enters the adsorption dehydration unit 3 through the dehydration air inlet 311 at the bottom of the adsorption dehydration unit 3. After passing through the bottom filter 310 to intercept impurities, it enters the air distribution chamber 309, where a uniform and stable airflow is formed. The airflow then flows through the air distribution element 308 and the support plate 306 in sequence, and then enters the dehydration adsorbent column bed 304 for deep dehydration. After passing through the top filter 303 to intercept residual adsorbent dust, it finally enters the adsorption decarbonization unit 4 through the dehydration air outlet 301.

[0054] The dehydrating adsorbent can be made of 13X molecular sieve, modified γ-alumina, type B silica gel, 4Å molecular sieve, high specific surface area alumina, type A silica gel, or ordinary alumina, etc., and has a large adsorption capacity and strong stability, which can specifically adsorb trace amounts of residual water vapor in the air. The dehydrating adsorbent column bed 304 formed by the stacking of dehydrating adsorbent can be filled in layers or in one go; the filling height of the dehydrating adsorbent can be 60-70% of the preset height of the dehydrating adsorbent column bed 304 to leave room for expansion and prevent the dehydrating adsorbent particles from absorbing water or expanding after the reaction, which would block the airflow passage. The design of the dehydrating adsorbent column bed 304 facilitates the periodic replacement or regeneration of the dehydrating adsorbent according to the operating time, which can meet the requirements of long-term continuous operation. This design can further reduce the air humidity to a low level (such as dew point ≤ -40℃), which can not only prevent the decarbonization efficiency of the subsequent adsorption decarbonization unit 4 from decreasing due to moisture absorption, but also provide a stable low humidity environment for the moisture-sensitive carbon-14 labeling synthesis reaction carried out in the operation chamber 52.

[0055] As one possible implementation, the structure of the adsorption decarbonization unit 4 can be the same as that of the adsorption dehydration unit 3, the difference being that the adsorption decarbonization unit 4 has a decarbonization adsorbent column bed 404 inside, which can adsorb ordinary carbon (such as carbon dioxide) in the gas flow. The shell material of the adsorption decarbonization unit 4 can be polypropylene (PP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), 316 stainless steel, etc. The decarbonization adsorbent column bed 404 can be a columnar structure formed by layering the decarbonization adsorbent on the support plate inside the adsorption decarbonization unit 4; when the adsorption decarbonization unit 4 is formed by layering the decarbonization adsorbent, 3 to 5 layers can be filled, and the filling height of each layer can be 20 to 30 cm; the adsorption decarbonization unit 4 can also be formed by filling the decarbonization adsorbent in one go. The height-to-diameter ratio (L / D) of the decarbonization adsorbent column bed 404 can be 3 to 8, and a blank space of 10 to 15% of the height of the decarbonization adsorbent column bed 404 can be reserved at the top of the decarbonization adsorbent column bed 404. Solid alkaline adsorbents, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium oxide, can be used for decarbonization adsorbent bed 404. Suitable materials include 13X-APG columnar molecular sieves, MOFs (UiO-66-NH2), NaOH-supported activated carbon, K2CO3-supported columnar activated alumina, 13X columnar molecular sieves, and amine-functionalized columnar SiO2.

[0056] The gas distribution component of the adsorption and decarbonization unit 4 can be a porous plate-type gas distribution plate with a pore size of 2~3mm and an opening rate of 40~50%. The pores are evenly distributed to ensure that the airflow diffuses upward evenly, ensuring that the gas and the decarbonization adsorbent are in full contact and efficiently removing carbon dioxide from the airflow.

[0057] In a specific configuration, the condensation inlet 21 at the bottom of the condensation dehumidification unit 2 can be connected to the outlet 12 of the filtration and impurity removal unit 1 via the first air supply pipe 13; the condensation outlet 24 at the top of the condensation dehumidification unit 2 can be connected to the dehydration inlet 311 at the bottom of the adsorption and dehydration unit 3 via the second air supply pipe 29; the dehydration outlet 301 at the top of the adsorption and dehydration unit 3 can be connected to the decarbonization inlet at the bottom of the adsorption and decarbonization unit 4 via the third air supply pipe 312; and the decarbonization outlet 401 at the top of the adsorption and decarbonization unit 4 can be connected to the inlet 54 via the fourth air supply pipe 412, thereby enabling the airflow after filtration, dehydration, and decarbonization to enter the operation box 52 of the marking and synthesis operation module 5.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the exhaust section 51 may include a top exhaust duct 511, a bottom exhaust duct 512, an exhaust switching section 513, and an exhaust port 514. The first end of the top exhaust duct 511 and the first end of the bottom exhaust duct 512 are respectively connected to the control box 52. The first ends of the top exhaust duct 511 and the bottom exhaust duct 512 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. For example, the first end of the top exhaust duct 511 is connected to the top wall of the control box 52 or to the rear side wall of the control box 52 near the top wall, and the first end of the bottom exhaust duct 512 is connected to the bottom wall of the control box 52 or to the rear side wall of the control box 52 near the bottom wall. The second end of the top exhaust duct 511 and the second end of the bottom exhaust duct 512 are respectively connected to the exhaust port 514 through the exhaust switching part 513. The exhaust switching part 513 can connect the top exhaust duct 511 and the exhaust port 514 or connect the bottom exhaust duct 512 and the exhaust port 514, so that the airflow flows out of the control box 52 through the top exhaust duct 511 and the exhaust port 514, or flows out of the control box 52 through the bottom exhaust duct 512 and the exhaust port 514. The exhaust switching part 513 can realize "alternating opening and closing" control according to a preset program, that is, when one exhaust duct (such as the top exhaust duct 511) is opened for exhaust, the other exhaust duct (such as the bottom exhaust duct 512) is closed. This dual-path alternating exhaust design, constructed collaboratively by the top exhaust duct 511, the bottom exhaust duct 512, and the exhaust switching unit 513, ensures continuous and uninterrupted exhaust from the control box 52. Furthermore, by dynamically switching the exhaust path, it achieves efficient airflow replacement within the control box 52. This effectively eliminates dead zones in the airflow within the control box 52 and significantly shortens the residence time of carbon-14 aerosol within it. This ensures that all carbon-14 aerosol is transferred quickly and completely to the subsequent aerosol absorption module, thereby guaranteeing the safety of the carbon-14 labeling synthesis process and the high efficiency of carbon-14 aerosol absorption. Moreover, flammable and explosive gases do not accumulate, ensuring high safety and eliminating the risk of explosion.

[0059] In specific implementations, the air intake 54 and the exhaust 51 can be located on different side walls of the control box 52, or the air intake 54 and the door 55 can be located on the same side wall of the control box 52. For example, both the air intake 54 and the door 55 can be located on the front side wall of the control box 52, with the air intake 54 positioned above the door 55. The door 55 can be mounted on the control box 52 via a slide rail assembly. The slide rail assembly can include an upper slide rail 551 and a lower slide rail 553 spaced apart vertically. The top of the door 55 is movably connected to the upper slide rail 551, and the bottom of the door 55 is movably connected to the lower slide rail 553, allowing the door 55 to slide on the control box 52.

[0060] In a specific implementation, the door body 55 may include two door leaves 552. Each door leaf 552 is movably connected to the upper slide rail 551 and the lower slide rail 553 respectively. The two door leaves 552 can move in opposite directions under the drive of the drive element to open the door body 55 and move towards each other to close the door body 55, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the door body 55.

[0061] In actual installation, flange assembly 57 can solve the sealing problems of various pipelines that need to pass through the control box 52. Specifically, the pipelines can include power lines, inert gas pipelines, temperature-controlled bath liquid pipelines, refrigerant pipelines, and reaction gas pipelines, which can effectively prevent air leakage at the pipeline penetration points and ensure the airtightness of the control box 52. Flange assembly 57 can include power line flange 571, inert gas pipeline flange 572, temperature-controlled bath liquid pipeline flange 573, refrigerant pipeline flange 574, and reaction gas pipeline flange 575, which are respectively matched with the corresponding pipelines. Figure 2 The example shows that the five flanges of flange group 57 are located on one side of the control box 52. In actual installation, the five flanges can also be installed on different sides of the control box 52. The installation position of each flange can be flexibly adjusted according to the site requirements (such as pipeline layout, operating space planning, etc.) to improve the adaptability of the layout.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the deacidification absorption unit 6 may include a housing, an air inlet 61, an air extraction port 65, and an aeration plate 66. The air inlet 61 can be connected to the bottom of the housing of the deacidification absorption unit 6 via an air inlet pipe 62, and the air extraction port 65 can be located at the top of the housing of the deacidification absorption unit 6. The internal space of the housing of the deacidification absorption unit 6 can accommodate the deacidification absorption liquid 67. The aeration plate 66 is located inside the housing of the deacidification absorption unit 6, and its position is lower than the liquid level of the deacidification absorption liquid 67.

[0063] In practical implementation, the air inlet 61 serves as the inlet for the carbon-14 aerosol. The air inlet 61 is connected to the exhaust port 514 of the exhaust unit 51 to achieve directional introduction of the carbon-14 aerosol. The air inlet pipe 62 can be vertically installed, and its length can be equal to or slightly less than the height of the shell of the deacidification absorption unit 6. This allows the air inlet 61 to be positioned flush with or slightly lower than the exhaust port 65, preventing backflow of the deacidification absorbent 67 through the air inlet 61. The static liquid level of the deacidification absorbent 67 can occupy 50-60% of the shell space of the deacidification absorption unit 6 to prevent backflow of the deacidification absorbent 67 when the internal pressure of the deacidification absorption unit 6 fluctuates drastically.

[0064] In practical implementation, multiple aeration plates 66 can be used, arranged vertically at intervals. This design of multiple aeration plates 66 further refines the airflow into microbubbles in the deacidification absorbent liquid 67, significantly increasing the contact area and contact time between the carbon-14 aerosol and the deacidification absorbent liquid 67, thereby improving absorption efficiency. The aeration plates 66 can be made of 316L stainless steel (with a nickel content ≥10% and a chromium content ≥16%) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE; purity ≥99.9%), with a pore size range of 0.1~0.5mm and a porosity of 35-50%. The pores can be uniformly distributed in a dot matrix pattern, with a pore spacing of 2~3mm.

[0065] In specific implementations, the deacidification absorption unit 6 may further include a feed port 64, which may be located at the top of the housing of the deacidification absorption unit 6. The feed port 64 is equipped with a sealing plug 63. In practical applications, the deacidification absorbent 67 can be added and replenished through the feed port 64, and samples can also be taken for testing and waste liquid extraction through the feed port 64. After the deacidification absorbent 67 has been added and replenished, the feed port 64 is sealed with the sealing plug 63 to ensure the overall airtightness of the deacidification absorption unit 6 and prevent leakage of carbon-14 aerosol.

[0066] As one possible implementation, the structures of the dealkali-type absorption unit 7, the non-polar substance absorption unit 8, and the polar substance absorption unit 9 can be the same as those of the deacidification absorption unit 6, with the difference being that the internal space of the shell of the dealkali-type absorption unit 7 can accommodate the dealkali-type absorption liquid 77, the internal space of the shell of the non-polar substance absorption unit 8 can accommodate the non-polar substance absorption liquid 87, and the internal space of the shell of the polar substance absorption unit 9 can accommodate the polar substance absorption liquid 97.

[0067] The aerosol absorption module classifies and absorbs carbon-14 aerosols step by step, which can match the diverse chemical structures and properties of carbon-14 aerosol components. It effectively absorbs carbon-14 aerosols and prevents carbon-14 from diffusing outward. It is especially suitable for absorption scenarios of corrosive or viscous aerosols such as acid mist and oil mist, as well as high temperature and high humidity environments.

[0068] In specific implementation, the exhaust port 65 of the deacidification absorption unit 6 can be connected to the inlet port of the dealkali-removing absorption unit 7 via a connecting pipe 68. Similarly, the exhaust port of the dealkali-removing absorption unit 7 can be connected to the inlet port of the non-polar substance absorption unit 8 via a connecting pipe; the exhaust port of the non-polar substance absorption unit 8 can be connected to the inlet port of the polar substance absorption unit 9 via a connecting pipe. The exhaust port of the polar substance absorption unit 9 is connected to the inlet end of the exhaust module 10. Under the negative pressure drive of the exhaust module 10, the carbon-14 aerosol flows stably and sequentially through the deacidification absorption unit 6, the dealkali-removing absorption unit 7, the non-polar substance absorption unit 8, and the polar substance absorption unit 9, ensuring that the carbon-14 aerosol absorption process is continuous and efficient. The exhaust module 10 also provides power for the exhaust gas after the pump to be discharged through the exhaust pipe 102 of the exhaust module 10. Based on the stringent sealing requirements of the entire device, the evacuation module 10 can use a diaphragm pump that can completely isolate the carbon-14 aerosol from the drive system. This pump not only meets the core requirement of single-inlet, single-outlet, and leak-free operation, but also has the characteristics of adjustable flow rate and strong corrosion resistance. Its diaphragm can be made of pneumatic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which has the advantages of excellent sealing performance and flexibility, stable chemical properties, strong corrosion resistance, and low coefficient of friction, and can ensure experimental safety to the greatest extent during use.

[0069] To ensure directional, leak-free, and continuous and stable absorption of carbon-14 aerosol, the aforementioned connecting pipes can use dedicated flexible connecting hoses. These hoses can balance airtightness (ensuring that the negative pressure generated by the extraction module 10 acts stably on the entire aerosol absorption module, driving the airflow to flow continuously and evenly through each absorption unit) and installation compatibility (the flexibility of the hoses adapts to the installation layout of each absorption unit). Furthermore, the series sequence is arranged according to the absorption function logic, ensuring that the carbon-14 aerosol flows through each absorption unit sequentially to achieve step-by-step, high-efficiency absorption.

[0070] The shell material for the deacidification absorption unit 6 can be borosilicate glass (transparent and corrosion-resistant), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE; opaque, excellent corrosion resistance, and good long-term stability), perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), or 316L stainless steel (good processability, superior durability compared to plexiglass, suitable for industrial-grade absorption treatment). The shell material for the dealkali removal absorption unit 7 can be borosilicate glass, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Hastelloy, pure titanium / titanium alloy, or 316L stainless steel. The shell material for the non-polar substance absorption unit 8 can be polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE; cost-effective, suitable for general applications), perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA; transparent for easy observation of absorption status), plexiglass, or stainless steel. The shell material of the polar substance absorption unit 9 can be polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA), plexiglass, stainless steel, etc.

[0071] Regarding the absorbent liquid used in each stage of the absorption unit: I. Deacidifying Absorbent Solution 67: Its core function is to absorb acidic substances in carbon-14 aerosols. Its formulation can consist of a main absorbent, an alkaline neutralizer, a viscosity reducer, and a surfactant. The components and their properties are as follows: The main absorbent can be an alcohol or polyether compound with a low freezing point (< -15 ℃), a high boiling point (> 280 ℃), and high safety. Specifically, it can include polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 500, glycerol, triethylene glycol, and tetraethylene glycol (TEG), with polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, and glycerol being preferred; the weight percentage is 80.9%~57.5%. Alkaline neutralizing agents: mainly alkaline substances, such as KOH, NaOH, sodium / potassium benzoate, and sodium / potassium citrate; the weight percentage is 1.0~15.0%; Viscosity reducers: Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethyl triethylene glycol ether, tetrapropylene glycol dimethyl ether, and polypropylene glycol dimethyl ether can be selected; the weight percentage is 18-27%; Surfactant: Tween-80 can be selected; weight percentage is 0.10~0.50%.

[0072] For example, the deacidification absorbent 67 is prepared by uniformly mixing 75.0% polyethylene glycol 400, 15.0% sodium citrate, 9.7% ethyl triethylene glycol ether, and 0.3% Tween-80 by weight; 7.5L of the deacidification absorbent 67 is poured into the shell (made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) of the deacidification absorption unit 6, ensuring that the liquid level of the deacidification absorbent 67 covers the aeration plate 66 located on the upper layer and the liquid level is not less than 20cm, and then sealed for later use.

[0073] II. Alkali-removing absorbent 77, its core function is to absorb alkaline substances in carbon-14 aerosols. Its formulation can consist of a main absorbent, an acid neutralizer, a viscosity reducer, and a surfactant. The components and their properties are as follows: Main absorbent: Alcohols and polyethers with low freezing point (< -15 ℃), high boiling point (> 280 ℃), and high safety can be selected, specifically including polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, polypropylene glycol 300, triethylene glycol, and tetraethylene glycol; the weight ratio is 64.8~31.0%; Acid neutralizing agent: High-boiling-point, non-volatile acids can be selected, specifically including sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, benzyl sulfonic acid, and citric acid, with sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid being preferred; the weight percentage is 5-20%; Viscosity reducers: Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tripropylene glycol dimethyl ether, and diethylene glycol di-tert-butyl ether can be selected; the weight percentage is 30-45%; Surfactant: Block polyether F68 can be selected; weight percentage is 0.2~4.0%.

[0074] For example, the alkali-removing absorbent 77 is prepared by uniformly mixing 55.0% polyethylene glycol 400, 12.7% phosphoric acid, 32.0% tripropylene glycol dimethyl ether, and 0.3% block polyether F68 by weight. 7.5L of the alkali-removing absorbent 77 is poured into the shell (made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) of the alkali-removing absorbent unit 7. The liquid level of the alkali-removing absorbent 77 is required to be the same as that of the acid-removing absorbent 67. The unit is then sealed for later use.

[0075] III. Non-polar substance absorbent liquid 87, its core function is to absorb non-polar substances in carbon-14 aerosols. Its formulation can consist of a main absorbent, a viscosity reducer, and additives. The components and their properties are as follows: Main absorbent: Liquid paraffin or polyethylene glycol 400 can be selected; weight percentage is 96-87%; Viscosity reducer: Isostearyl alcohol can be selected; weight percentage is 4%~13%; used to reduce the viscosity of the absorbent and improve the adsorption efficiency of non-polar substances. Additives: Span 60 or Span 80 can be selected; the weight percentage is 0.5%.

[0076] For example, the nonpolar substance absorbent liquid 87 is prepared by uniformly mixing 90.0% liquid paraffin, 9.5% isostearyl alcohol, and 0.5% Span 80 by weight; 7.5 L of the nonpolar substance absorbent liquid 87 is poured into the shell (made of plexiglass) of the nonpolar substance absorbent unit 8, and the liquid level of the nonpolar substance absorbent liquid 87 is required to be the same as the liquid level of the deacidification absorbent liquid 67, and then sealed for later use.

[0077] IV. Polar Substance Absorbent Liquid 97: Its core function is to absorb polar substances in carbon-14 aerosols. Its formulation can consist of a main absorbent, a viscosity reducer, and additives. The components and their properties are as follows: Main absorbent: Polar organic solvents with low freezing point (< -15 ℃) and high boiling point (> 280 ℃) can be selected, specifically including polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, polypropylene glycol 400, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and triacetin. Viscosity reducer: Glycerol can be selected; weight ratio is 2.0~5.0%; used to reduce the viscosity of the absorbent and improve the capture efficiency of polar substances; Additives: Tween-80 and Tween-20 can be selected; the weight ratio is 0.2%; to help optimize the dispersibility and adsorption performance of the absorbent.

[0078] For example, polar substance absorbent liquid 97 is prepared by uniformly mixing 96.0% polyethylene glycol 400, 3.8% glycerol and 0.2% Tween-80 by weight; 7.5 L of polar substance absorbent liquid 97 is poured into the shell (perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA) material) of polar substance absorbent unit 9, and the liquid level of polar substance absorbent liquid 97 is required to be the same as the liquid level of deacidification type absorbent liquid 67, and then sealed for use.

[0079] Take 20 mL of each of the four absorbent solutions, and take three parallel samples of each absorbent solution. Measure their activity concentration using a scintillation spectrometer.

[0080] Regarding the test of this device on the absorption of carbon-14-containing aerosols generated during the carbon-14 labeling synthesis process: During the normal operation of this device, the synthesis of carbon-14 labeled compounds was continuously studied within six months, with the research focusing on […]. 14 C] Carbon monoxide, [ 14 C] carbon dioxide, [ 14 C2] Acetylene, [ 14 C2] Ethylene oxide, [ 14 C] Methanol, [ 14 C] Iodomethane, [ 14 C] Nitromethane, [ 14 C] formaldehyde, [2- 14 C] Acetone, [14 [C] Formic acid, [1- 14 C] Acetic acid, N,N-dimethyl[ 14 [C]formamide, [U- 14 C6]benzene, [U- 14 C6] aniline hydrochloride solution, p-nitro[U- 14 C6] Phenol ethanol solution, [ 14 C] Urea solution, [acetyl-1- 14 C] Ethyl acetoacetate, [ 14 C] Metal cyanide solution, 1,2-dibromo[1,2-] 14 Using [C2]ethane as the starting isotope (the total activity of the starting isotopes used was 4.86 Ci, and the specific activity of all raw materials was >55 mCi / mmol), and based on the synthetic route screened under cold reaction conditions and the optimized micro-synthesis process, various carbon-14 labeled synthetic intermediates, as well as carbon-14 labeled substances necessary for the pre-market safety evaluation of various new pesticides and pharmaceuticals, were prepared. The core operations of carbon-14 labeled synthesis carried out in this device include: material weighing, reaction feeding, stirring of the reaction mixture, sampling of the reaction mixture, TLC analysis of the reaction mixture, reaction quenching and post-treatment, rapid column chromatography purification of crude products, HPLC preparation and comprehensive analytical sample preparation (such as samples used for Pre-HPLC, ESI-MS, Radio-TLC, Radio-HPLC and LSC analysis), and preliminary dispensing of the labeled substances.

[0081] Instructions for determining the radioactivity of carbon-14-containing samples: ① For filter paper samples, high-temperature catalytic oxidation combustion must first be performed using an HTC-501 bio-oxidation combustion apparatus (setting parameters: nitrogen flow rate 400 mL / min, oxygen flow rate 400 mL / min, combustion temperature 900±5℃, catalytic temperature 680±5℃, combustion time 5 min) to convert all the carbon in the sample into [ 14 C]CO2; generated [ 14 C]CO2 is absorbed by a scintillation solution with a specific formulation (containing 7.0g PPO, 0.5g POPOP, 600mL xylene, 225mL ethylene glycol ethyl ether, and 175mL ethanolamine), and its radioactivity is then measured using a liquid scintillation meter.

[0082] ② For the absorbent samples taken from each absorption unit, the carbon-14 activity was measured using an ultra-low background liquid scintillation spectrometer. The specific operating procedure is as follows: For the deacidified absorbent 67 and the dealkali-type absorbent 77, 20 mL of each absorbent was taken as a single sample volume, and three parallel samples were taken for each. The pH value of the sample was first adjusted to neutral, and then thoroughly mixed with the scintillation liquid (the volume of the scintillation liquid was 5 times the volume of the absorbent). For the non-polar substance absorbent 87 and the polar substance absorbent 97, 20 mL of each absorbent was taken as a single sample volume, and three parallel samples were taken for each. The pH value did not need to be adjusted, and the sample was directly thoroughly mixed with the scintillation liquid (the volume of the absorbent was 5 times the volume of the absorbent). After all samples were mixed, 100 mL of each sample was transferred to a scintillation bottle, and its radioactivity was measured.

[0083] ③ Surface contamination formed by carbon-14 aerosol was measured using a surface contamination measuring instrument, including both fixed and removable surface contamination.

[0084] Regarding the measurement of the activity of carbon-14 aerosols in operating chamber 52: Measurement method: Three rectangular quantitative filter paper strips (pore size 30~50μm, unit area mass 7.9mg / cm², single strip size 4cm×60cm) are suspended inside the operation box 52. The suspension method and position must meet the following requirements: the two ends of each filter paper strip are horizontally fixed to the top of the operation box 52 (near the top exhaust duct 511), parallel to the door 55, and directly above the center of the bottom wall of the operation box 52, to absorb carbon-14 aerosol generated inside the operation box 52; when suspending, first clamp the two ends of the filter paper strip with long tail clips, and then use thin rope to fix the long tail clips to the fixing points on the inner walls of both sides of the operation box 52, ensuring that the filter paper is horizontal and that adjacent filter paper strips do not touch each other to avoid cross-contamination. The suspension height of the filter paper strips must meet two conditions simultaneously (the purpose being to ensure that the filter paper strips only absorb radioactive contamination caused by the diffusion of carbon-14 aerosols generated during the normal labeling and synthesis process within the operation box 52, excluding contamination caused by human error or accidents during operation): firstly, they must be inaccessible to the operator in a normal operating posture; secondly, they must avoid being affected by liquid splashes that may occur during the experiment. Simultaneously, a blank control is set up in the same laboratory: three quantitative filter paper strips of the exact same specifications as those in the operation box 52 are suspended below the ceiling in the center of the laboratory, ensuring that they are inaccessible to the operator when their hand is raised; these serve as blank control filter paper strips (CK). The sampling period was set to 60 days. The first blank control sampling was completed on day 0. On the last day of each subsequent sampling period, one filter paper strip was taken from the laboratory control area and the operation box 52, respectively. The removed filter paper strips were cut into segments of about 10 cm in length. The middle three segments of each were weighed and the carbon-14 activity was determined by the bio-oxidation combustion-liquid scintillation measurement method. Each sample was measured in parallel three times. Finally, the carbon-14 activity adsorbed on the surface of each filter paper was calculated based on the results of the three parallel measurements.

[0085]

[0086] Table 1. Activity of carbon-14 aerosol adsorbed on filter paper strips (Note: Each value in the table is the average of three parallel sample measurements; an adsorption time of "0" indicates the background carbon-14 value of the blank control (CK).) Analysis of the carbon-14 activity adsorbed by the suspended filter paper in operation box 52 clearly confirms that carbon-14-containing aerosols are indeed generated during the carbon-14 labeling synthesis of new pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals, and their activity gradually increases with the extension of the device's usage time. In this device, the carbon-14-containing aerosols generated during the carbon-14 labeling synthesis process are mainly drawn into the aerosol absorption module and absorbed by various absorbents. In contrast, the carbon-14-containing aerosols generated in traditional laboratory fume hoods are drawn into the exhaust duct and finally treated by the device at the end of the rooftop exhaust duct, thus inevitably causing radioactive contamination to the inner wall of the exhaust duct.

[0087] Measurement of surface contamination caused by carbon-14 aerosol inside control chamber 52: Measurement Method: Four fixed measurement sites were selected on the inner wall of the top plate of the operating chamber 52. Each site was marked with a 16cm × 24cm rectangular area (matching the size of the front window of the surface contamination measuring instrument) for surface contamination measurement. The distance between adjacent rectangular measurement areas should be no less than 10cm. Three issues should be considered when selecting measurement sites (to exclude surface contamination caused by human factors or accidents): First, the measurement area should be inaccessible to the operator in a normal operating posture; second, the measurement area should be completely and effectively protected from liquid splashes that may occur during the experiment; and third, the rectangular measurement area marked by the marker should not be touched when cleaning any surface contaminants that may exist inside the operating chamber 52. Before the first use of this device, the surface contamination in each rectangular area was measured (as a background value) as a blank control. The sampling period was set to 60 days. The first blank control sampling was completed on day 0. Subsequently, on the last day of each sampling period, radioactive surface contamination was measured in the marked rectangular area, and the radioactivity per unit area at the fixed position on the inner wall of the top plate of the operating chamber 52 was calculated based on this.

[0088]

[0089] Table 2. Surface contamination caused by carbon-14 aerosol on the fixed position of the inner wall of the top plate of the control box 52 (Note: The data corresponding to "0" day is the blank control (CK), which was measured before the device was first put into use.) Analysis of surface contamination measurements at fixed locations within the operating chamber 52 used for continuous carbon-14 labeling synthesis confirms that carbon-14 aerosols do indeed cause surface contamination of the inner wall of the operating chamber 52, with the contamination level gradually increasing over time. In contrast to traditional fume hoods, where the generated carbon-14 aerosols inevitably contaminate the inner wall of the exhaust duct after being discharged, the complex structure, difficulty in disassembly and assembly, and high cost of the exhaust ducts make regular monitoring and timely removal of radioactive contaminants difficult to achieve. This ultimately leads to the long-term accumulation and penetration of radioactive contaminants within the duct, forming a large amount of radioactive waste that is difficult to reduce in volume and quantity, posing a waste disposal challenge for the decommissioning of unsealed radioactive sites. In this device, the carbon-14 aerosols generated during labeling synthesis are primarily absorbed by the aerosol absorption module, and the online aerosol monitoring unit 11 at the end of the device can monitor the discharged exhaust gas in real time, facilitating timely adjustment of the aerosol absorption module and enhancing the absorption effect of carbon-14 aerosols.

[0090] Regarding the online monitoring of carbon-14 activity concentration in various absorbents and exhaust gas after six months of continuous operation of this device: During operation, this device continuously absorbs the carbon-14 aerosols generated in the labeling and synthesis module 5 into the aerosol absorption module, and finally monitors the exhaust gas online. In the six months since the device was first put into use, the aerosol online monitoring unit 11 has not issued any warnings regarding excessive exhaust emissions, indicating that the exhaust gas generated by this device can be discharged into the laboratory exhaust system in compliance with regulations and will not cause the leakage and diffusion of radioactive materials.

[0091] The carbon-14 activity in each absorbent was measured using an ultra-low background scintillation spectrometer. The specific procedure was as follows: Before the device was used for the first time, samples were taken from the corresponding absorbents in the deacidification absorbent unit 6, the dealkali absorbent unit 7, the nonpolar substance absorbent unit 8, and the polar substance absorbent unit 9. Each absorbent was sampled in triplicate, with 20 mL samples taken at a time. Samples from deacidification absorbent 67 and dealkali absorbent 77 were first adjusted to neutral pH and then thoroughly mixed with the scintillation liquid (5 times the volume of the absorbent). Samples from nonpolar substance absorbent 87 and polar substance absorbent 97 were directly mixed thoroughly with the scintillation liquid (5 times the volume of the absorbent). All mixed samples were transferred to 100 mL scintillation bottles to measure the radioactivity, and this measured value was used as the background value (blank control). The sampling period was set to 60 days. Starting from the date the device was officially put into use, on the last day of each sampling period, the same sampling method (20 mL of each absorbent solution, 3 parallel samples) and sample processing method (pH adjustment requirements are the same as above) were followed. The sample was mixed with the scintillation solution (5 times the volume of the absorbent solution) and then transferred to a 100 mL scintillation bottle. The measurement time for each blank control sample was 90 min, and the measurement time for the samples after absorbing carbon-14 aerosol was 30 min. Finally, the radioactivity concentration of the absorbent solution in each absorption unit was calculated based on the measurement results, and the activity of carbon-14 aerosol absorbed by each unit was estimated.

[0092]

[0093] Table 3. Carbon-14 activity concentration of each absorbent in each absorption unit (Note: The data corresponding to "0" day is the blank control (CK), which is measured before the use of various absorbent solutions.) An atmospheric carbon-14 sampler and a radioactive carbon-14 isotope analyzer were used for online monitoring. The alarm threshold of the aerosol online monitoring unit 11 was set according to the limits for occupational exposure. When the online monitoring results exceeded the preset alarm threshold, an audio warning was immediately triggered.

[0094] The online monitoring results of the exhaust gas at the end of this device show that the aerosol absorption module can effectively absorb the carbon-14-containing aerosols generated during the carbon-14 labeling synthesis process, ensuring online real-time early warning of the carbon-14 activity concentration in the exhaust gas discharged from this device.

[0095] The results of carbon-14 activity measurements in various absorbents indicate that the absorbents in the absorption modules of this device can effectively capture and retain radioactive materials in carbon-14-containing aerosols through collision interception, dissolution absorption, chemical reactions, and solvent encapsulation. Furthermore, the captured amount decreases sequentially along the path of the carbon-14-containing aerosol, ultimately achieving complete absorption of the radioactive materials. During the six months of continuous operation of the device, the radioactivity concentration of the exhaust gas from the carbon-14-containing aerosols generated during the carbon-14 labeling synthesis process, after being captured by each absorption unit, consistently remained within acceptable limits. The exhaust gas could be discharged compliantly into the laboratory exhaust duct, eliminating any subsequent pollution issues caused by carbon-14. Simultaneously, the formulation design of each absorbent fully considered the subsequent volume reduction and recovery requirements of the carbon-14-containing absorbents. Once carbon-14 absorption is saturated, volume reduction treatment of the radioactive waste liquid and carbon-14 recovery operations can be carried out.

[0096] In traditional laboratory fume hoods, carbon-14 aerosols generated during carbon-14 labeling synthesis are directly discharged into the exhaust ducts. Although high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, activated carbon, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are used at the end of the exhaust ducts to treat the carbon-14 aerosols, the exhaust ducts are bulky and heavy. Their length, difficulty in disassembly and assembly (often requiring work at height), and high cost make it difficult to regularly monitor and remove radioactive materials from the inner walls of the ducts. Radioactive materials gradually penetrate below the surface of the duct walls, eventually forming large amounts of radioactive waste that cannot be reduced in volume or quantity. Furthermore, replacing filter and adsorbent materials requires operation in non-sealed areas, inevitably causing radioactive materials to drift and diffuse, leading to secondary pollution.

[0097] In one possible implementation, the control module may further include a display control unit 53, a human body sensor 56, and a door opening / closing sensor. The display control unit 53 may be mounted on the outer wall of the control box 52. A negative pressure detection unit 521 is electrically connected to the display control unit 53; a door opening / closing control unit 533 is electrically connected to the display control unit 53; and an aerosol online monitoring unit 11 is electrically connected to the display control unit 53. The human body sensor 56 can sense personnel operating the control box 52, and the door opening / closing sensor can sense the opening and closing of the door 55. Both the human body sensor 56 and the door opening / closing sensor are electrically connected to the display control unit 53.

[0098] The human body sensor 56 can detect the operator's status inside the control box 52 in real time. After its detection signal is sent to the display control unit 53, it can achieve two core controls in a coordinated manner: first, controlling the opening and closing of the door 55 and automatically closing it; second, regulating the operating status of the exhaust module 10 (including the automatic adaptation of exhaust power). This coordinated design can shorten the continuous open time of the door 55 when there is no personnel operating inside the control box 52 by realizing the automatic control of the opening and closing of the door 55 and the power of the exhaust module 10, thereby reducing the potential risk of exposure and escape of carbon-14 aerosol and ensuring the safety of the carbon-14 labeling synthesis process.

[0099] The door opening and closing control unit 533 can be a foot switch. As an auxiliary operating element, the door opening and closing control unit 533, once triggered, sends a signal to the display control unit 53, enabling two core controls: first, the opening of the door 55 (including the degree of opening); and second, the regulation of the operating status of the extraction module 10. This linkage design has dual advantages: firstly, it replaces manual operation with a foot pedal (especially suitable for scenarios where the operator's hands are occupied, such as when holding experimental equipment), effectively eliminating the need for hand operation and significantly improving operational convenience; secondly, it reduces the risk of radioactive surface contamination due to the operator's hands potentially being contaminated with radioactive materials or contacting equipment, further ensuring the operational safety of the carbon-14 labeling synthesis process.

[0100] In practical applications, the opening and closing of door 55 can be triggered by the display control unit 53, the human body sensor 56, and the door opening and closing control unit 533 in a coordinated manner, achieving non-contact opening and closing of door 55 and real-time adaptation of the door opening degree. This "manually triggered opening, program-triggered automatic closing" control mode for door 55 ensures ease of operation and safety, avoids the problem of frequent opening and closing of sliding doors due to accidental triggering, which is common in traditional solutions that control sliding door opening and closing via sensors, reduces the failure rate, and eliminates the risk of secondary pollution caused by manual operation throughout the process.

[0101] The display control unit 53 can control the opening and closing sequence of the door 55, the opening degree of the door 55, the opening timing and power of the exhaust module 10, the start and stop of the human body sensor 56, the signal response of the door opening and closing control unit 533, the negative pressure adjustment in the operation box 52, and the alarm for excessive aerosol activity, forming an integrated control logic to ensure the stable and safe operation of the system.

[0102] In one possible implementation, the display control unit 53 may include a system control element and a flow display element, a negative pressure display element, an aerosol activity display alarm element, and a start / stop control element, which are electrically connected to the system control element respectively.

[0103] The start / stop control element allows operators to start and stop the system. The system control element is responsible for logic operations and command output. The flow display element can be electrically connected to the flow detection element built into the extraction module 10 via flow signal lines 101 and 532, providing real-time feedback on the extraction flow rate of the extraction module 10. The negative pressure display element can be electrically connected to the negative pressure detection unit 521 inside the control box 52, synchronously displaying the negative pressure value inside the control box 52. The aerosol activity display alarm element can be electrically connected to the aerosol online monitoring unit 11 via aerosol signal lines 111 and 531, synchronously displaying the carbon-14 activity monitoring results.

[0104] In practical applications, the aerosol online monitoring unit 11 performs real-time online monitoring of the airflow discharged from the exhaust pipe 102 of the extraction module 10, monitoring the carbon-14 index, and then feeds the monitoring data back to the display control component 53 via the aerosol signal line 111. After receiving the monitoring data, the display control component 53 displays the monitoring data in real time and compares it with a preset safety threshold. If the monitoring data does not exceed the safety threshold, the airflow after sampling and analysis can be discharged into the laboratory exhaust system in compliance with regulations through the exhaust outlet 112. If the monitoring data exceeds the safety threshold, the display control component 53 immediately issues a voice warning to promptly alert to the risk.

[0105] The operating procedure for this device can be referenced as follows: I. Startup and Standby Status Control Operation Before use, the operator presses the start / stop control element of the display control unit 53. The device first detects the opening and closing status of the door 55 through the door opening and closing sensing element: if the door 55 is not closed, it immediately commands the door 55 to close; if the door 55 cannot be closed normally within the preset time, the display control unit 53 will trigger an alarm. After confirming that the door 55 is closed, the display control unit 53 starts the air extraction module 10, and the air extraction module 10 operates in the first mode (low flow or low power mode), so that the inside of the operating box 52 is in a negative pressure state, and the negative pressure value inside the operating box 52 is not lower than the preset negative pressure value (e.g., -5~-8Pa). When the system enters standby mode, the negative pressure detection unit 521 continuously collects negative pressure data inside the control box 52 and provides real-time feedback. The display control unit 53 dynamically adjusts the operating power of the extraction module 10 based on the difference between the feedback value and the preset "standby state negative pressure threshold" of the control box 52, ensuring that the negative pressure value inside the control box 52 is maintained at or above the standby state negative pressure threshold (e.g., -5 to -8 Pa). Simultaneously, the gas flow rate of the extraction module 10 and the negative pressure value inside the control box 52 are displayed in real time. The aerosol online monitoring unit 11 is activated, and the preset opening degree of the door 55 (e.g., 50cm, 60cm, 75cm, etc.) can be set.

[0106] II. Marker Synthesis Operation Module 5 Operation Trigger Response When a carbon-14 labeling synthesis operation needs to be carried out inside the operating box 52, the operator triggers the door opening and closing control unit 533 once to send a trigger signal to the display control unit 53. The display control unit 53 immediately instructs the exhaust module 10 to switch to the second mode (high flow or high power mode; the operating opening formed by the door 55 is set to 40cm high × 60cm wide, with an exhaust volume of approximately 250m³ / h) and simultaneously switches the preset negative pressure threshold of the negative pressure control logic to the operating state negative pressure threshold (e.g., -8 to -12Pa). After the preset delay time ends (ensuring stable operation of the exhaust module 10), the negative pressure detection unit 521 continuously collects the negative pressure data inside the operating box 52 and provides real-time feedback. The display control unit 53 then calculates the difference between the feedback value and the preset "operating state negative pressure threshold" of the operating box 52. The operating power of the extraction module 10 is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the negative pressure inside the control box 52 is maintained at or above the negative pressure threshold for operation (e.g., -8 to -12 Pa). After the negative pressure in the control box 52 stabilizes, the display control unit 53 simultaneously issues three commands: first, the door leaf 552 of the door body 55 is opened to the preset opening degree and maintained to provide a passage for operation; second, the human body sensor 56 is activated to prepare for subsequent status linkage control; third, after a preset time, the door opening and closing sensor is activated to detect the opening and closing status of the door body 55. If the door body 55 fails to open normally within the set time, it is immediately fed back to the display control unit 53, which then issues an alarm. This constructs an operation platform and control system for trace carbon-14 labeling synthesis that adapts to the door body 55 opening degree (operation port opening degree) in real time and matches the exhaust intensity in a timely manner.

[0107] III. Adaptive adjustment of device status when no operation is performed After the human body sensor 56 is activated, it detects the operating status inside the control box 52. If there is no operation inside the control box 52 (no operation is detected inside the control box 52), and the inactivity continues for more than the preset time, it immediately sends a signal to the display control unit 53 to trigger interlocking adjustment. At this time, the display control unit 53 first instructs the door 55 to close, and detects the closing status of the door 55 through the door opening and closing sensor: if the door 55 is not properly closed within the set time, it immediately sends a signal to the display control unit 53, which then issues an alarm; if the door 55 is properly closed, the human body sensor 56 is turned off. Then, according to the preset delay time, the air extraction module 10 switches back to the first mode (low flow or low power mode) and simultaneously switches the preset negative pressure threshold of the negative pressure control logic to the standby negative pressure threshold (e.g., -5 to -8 Pa); after the door 55 is fully closed, after the preset delay time, the standby negative pressure threshold (e.g., -5 to -8 Pa) is maintained according to the negative pressure control logic to ensure that the negative pressure value inside the control box 52 is stable at the standby negative pressure threshold.

[0108] IV. Continuous Operation Maintenance and Reopening Control If the human body sensor 56 continuously detects an operation inside the control box 52, the vacuum module 10 maintains the second mode, and the negative pressure detection unit 521 continuously detects the negative pressure state inside the control box 52 without triggering any state switching: the door 55 maintains the preset opening, and the vacuum module 10 continues to operate according to the negative pressure control logic of the operation state (maintaining the negative pressure value not lower than the "operation state negative pressure threshold", such as -8~-12Pa), providing a safe and stable working environment for the operator.

[0109] If the door 55 needs to be opened again during operation, the operator only needs to trigger the door opening and closing control unit 533 again. The display control unit 53 will repeat the operation triggering process: instruct the air extraction module 10 to switch to the second mode, and simultaneously switch the preset negative pressure threshold of the negative pressure control logic to the negative pressure threshold of the operation state (e.g., -8~-12Pa); after the preset delay time of the program ends (to ensure the stable operation of the air extraction module 10), the negative pressure detection unit 521 continuously collects the negative pressure data in the operation box 52 and provides real-time feedback. The display control unit 53 then adjusts the feedback value according to the preset value of the operation box 52. The difference between the "operational state negative pressure threshold" and the operating power of the vacuum module 10 is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the negative pressure is not lower than the operational state negative pressure threshold (e.g., -8 to -12 Pa). After the negative pressure is stabilized, the display control unit 53 simultaneously issues three commands: first, the door 55 is opened to the preset opening degree and maintained to provide a channel for operation; second, the human body sensing element 56 is activated to prepare for subsequent status linkage control; and third, after a preset time, the door opening and closing sensing element is activated to detect the opening and closing status of the door 55. If the door 55 fails to open normally within the set time, it is immediately fed back to the display control unit 53, which then issues an alarm.

[0110] V. Unit Shutdown Procedure When the device needs to be shut down, the operator presses the start / stop control element of the display control unit 53 again to trigger the preset shutdown procedure. The display control unit 53 first detects the closing status of the door 55 through the door opening / closing sensor: if the door 55 is not closed normally, it immediately commands the door to close; if the door 55 still cannot close normally within the set time, an alarm is issued. After confirming that the door 55 is closed normally, the display control unit 53 gradually reduces the suction power of the suction module 10 according to the standby negative pressure threshold and time delay parameters (to avoid violent airflow fluctuations caused by instantaneous shutdown); after the suction power of the suction module 10 drops to the safe threshold, the device power is cut off to complete the shutdown operation, and finally the aerosol online monitoring unit 11 is turned off.

[0111] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. If these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, then the intent of this application also includes these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A carbon-14 aerosol absorption device, characterized in that, include: The pretreatment module includes a filtration and impurity removal unit (1), a dehydration unit, and an adsorption and decarbonization unit (4). The filtration and impurity removal unit (1) is used to filter out solid particles in the airflow, the dehydration unit is used to remove moisture from the airflow, and the adsorption and decarbonization unit (4) is used to remove carbon dioxide from the airflow. The dehydration unit is connected to the filtration and impurity removal unit (1), and the adsorption and decarbonization unit (4) is connected to the dehydration unit. The labeling synthesis operation module (5) includes an operation box (52), an air inlet (54), and an exhaust section (51). The operation box (52) has an internal storage space and is equipped with a door (55) that can be opened and closed. The air inlet (54) is connected to the adsorption decarbonization unit (4), and the air inlet (54) and the exhaust section (51) are respectively connected to the operation box (52). The aerosol absorption module includes a deacidification absorption unit (6), a dealkali absorption unit (7), a non-polar substance absorption unit (8), and a polar substance absorption unit (9) connected in sequence, wherein the deacidification absorption unit (6) is connected to the exhaust section (51); The air extraction module (10) is connected to the polar substance absorption unit (9). The air extraction module (10) is used to provide power for the airflow to pass through the pretreatment module, the labeling synthesis operation module (4) and the aerosol absorption module, and to form a negative pressure environment in the operation box (52). The control module includes a negative pressure detection unit (521), a door opening and closing control unit (533), and an aerosol online monitoring unit (11). The negative pressure detection unit (521) is located inside the operation box (52). The door opening and closing control unit (533) is used to control the opening and closing of the door (55). The aerosol online monitoring unit (11) is located on the air extraction module (10). The aerosol online monitoring unit (11) is used to monitor the carbon-14 index in the airflow discharged by the air extraction module (10).

2. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dehydration unit includes a condensation dehumidification unit (2) and an adsorption dehydration unit (3) connected to each other. The condensation dehumidification unit (2) is connected to the filtration and impurity removal unit (1). The condensation dehumidification unit (2) is used to remove moisture from the airflow by condensation. The adsorption dehydration unit (3) is connected to the adsorption decarbonization unit (4). The adsorption dehydration unit (3) is used to remove moisture from the airflow by adsorption.

3. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The condensation dehumidification unit (2) includes a condensation dehumidification housing (26), a condenser tube (25), and a drain valve (27). The condenser tube (25) is located inside the condensation dehumidification housing (26), and the drain valve (27) is located at the bottom of the condensation dehumidification housing (26). Moisture in the airflow condenses on the surface of the condenser tube (25) and is discharged from the condensation dehumidification housing (26) by the drain valve (27).

4. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The adsorption and dehydration unit (3) includes an adsorption and dehydration shell (305) and a bottom filter (310), an air distribution element (308), a support plate (306) and a top filter (303) disposed inside the adsorption and dehydration shell (305). The bottom filter element (310) and the top filter element (303) are respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the adsorption and dehydration housing (305); the air distribution element (308) is disposed above the bottom filter element (310), and the air distribution element (308) and the bottom filter element (310) are spaced apart, forming an air distribution cavity (309) between the air distribution element (308) and the bottom filter element (310); the support plate (306) has through holes for airflow; the adsorption and dehydration housing (305) is provided with a dehydrating adsorbent column bed (304), which is disposed between the support plate (306) and the top filter element (303), and the dehydrating adsorbent column bed (304) is used to adsorb moisture in the airflow.

5. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The structure of the adsorption decarbonization unit (4) is the same as that of the adsorption dehydration unit (3). The adsorption decarbonization unit (4) is provided with a decarbonization adsorbent column bed (404) inside, which is used to adsorb carbon in the gas flow.

6. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The exhaust section (51) includes a top exhaust duct (511), a bottom exhaust duct (512), an exhaust switching section (513), and an exhaust port (514). The first end of the top exhaust duct (511) and the first end of the bottom exhaust duct (512) are respectively connected to the operation box (52). The first end of the top exhaust duct (511) and the first end of the bottom exhaust duct (512) are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The second end of the top exhaust duct (511) and the second end of the bottom exhaust duct (512) are respectively connected to the exhaust port (514) through the exhaust switching section (513). The exhaust switching section (513) is used to connect the top exhaust duct (511) and the exhaust port (514) or to connect the bottom exhaust duct (512) and the exhaust port (514).

7. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The door (55) is mounted on the operation box (52) via a slide rail assembly. The slide rail assembly includes an upper slide rail (551) and a lower slide rail (553) spaced apart vertically. The top of the door (55) is movably connected to the upper slide rail (551), and the bottom of the door (55) is movably connected to the lower slide rail (553). The door (55) includes two door leaves (552), each door leaf (552) being movably connected to the upper slide rail (551) and the lower slide rail (553) respectively. The two door leaves (552) can move in opposite directions to open the door (55) and move towards each other to close the door (55).

8. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The deacidification absorption unit (6) includes a shell, an air inlet (61), an air extraction port (65), and an aeration plate (66). The air inlet (61) is located at the bottom of the shell of the deacidification absorption unit (6), and the air extraction port (65) is located at the top of the shell of the deacidification absorption unit (6). The internal space of the shell of the deacidification absorption unit (6) is used to contain the deacidification absorption liquid (67). The aeration plate (66) is located inside the shell of the deacidification absorption unit (6), and the position of the aeration plate (66) is lower than the liquid level of the deacidification absorption liquid (67).

9. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to claim 8, characterized in that, There are multiple aeration plates (66), and the multiple aeration plates (66) are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

10. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The deacidification absorption unit (6) also includes a feed port (64), which is located at the top of the housing of the deacidification absorption unit (6) and is provided with a sealing plug (63).

11. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The structures of the dealkali-type absorption unit (7), the non-polar substance absorption unit (8), and the polar substance absorption unit (9) are the same as those of the deacidification absorption unit (6). The internal space of the shell of the dealkali-type absorption unit (7) is used to contain the dealkali-type absorption liquid (77), the internal space of the shell of the non-polar substance absorption unit (8) is used to contain the non-polar substance absorption liquid (87), and the internal space of the shell of the polar substance absorption unit (9) is used to contain the polar substance absorption liquid (97).

12. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The control module also includes a display control unit (53), a human body sensor (56), and a door opening and closing sensor. The display control unit (53) is disposed on the outer wall of the operation box (52). The human body sensor (56) is used to sense the personnel operating the operation box (52). The door opening and closing sensor is used to sense the opening and closing of the door (55). The human body sensor (56) and the door opening and closing sensor are electrically connected to the display control unit (53). The negative pressure detection unit (521) is electrically connected to the display control unit (53), the door opening and closing control unit (533) is electrically connected to the display control unit (53), and the aerosol online monitoring unit (11) is electrically connected to the display control unit (53).

13. The carbon-14 aerosol absorption device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The display control unit (53) includes a system control element and a flow display element, a negative pressure display element, an aerosol activity display alarm element and a start / stop control element, which are electrically connected to the system control element respectively. The flow rate display element is electrically connected to the air extraction module (10); the negative pressure display element is electrically connected to the negative pressure detection unit (521); and the aerosol activity display alarm element is electrically connected to the aerosol online monitoring unit (11).

14. A method for absorbing carbon-14 aerosols based on the carbon-14 aerosol absorption device as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The door (55) of the detection control box (52) is open or closed. If the door (55) is closed, the air extraction module (10) is activated. Control the air extraction module (10) to operate in the first mode, so that the inside of the operation box (52) is in a negative pressure state, and the negative pressure value inside the operation box (52) is maintained at no less than the preset standby state negative pressure threshold. Control the operation of the online aerosol monitoring unit (11); When it is necessary to carry out carbon-14 labeling synthesis operation inside the operation box (52), the air extraction module (10) is controlled to switch to the second mode to maintain the negative pressure value inside the operation box (52) at a level not lower than the preset negative pressure threshold of the operation state; wherein, the negative pressure threshold of the operation state is less than the negative pressure threshold of the standby state. The door (55) is opened to carry out carbon-14 labeling synthesis inside the operation box (52); The operation status inside the operation box (52) is detected. If there is no operation inside the operation box (52) and the operation lasts for more than a preset time, the door (55) is controlled to close. The opening and closing state of the door (55) is detected. If the door (55) is closed, the air extraction module (10) is controlled to switch back to the first mode and the negative pressure value inside the operation box (52) is maintained at or above the preset standby negative pressure threshold.

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