Mining energy absorption box type anti-collision beam

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining energy absorption box type anti-collision beam, and relates to a mine safety protection technology. The anti-collision beam comprises an anti-collision beam body fixed to the well wall, and a two-stage energy absorption structure is arranged on the collision side of the anti-collision beam body. The first-stage structure consists of first anti-collision square tubes which are parallel to the anti-collision beam and are welded with first energy absorption boxes; the second-stage structure is composed of a second anti-collision square pipe which is perpendicular to the anti-collision beam, connected with the beam body through bolts and welded with a second energy absorption box. The two-stage structure sequentially acts, and impact energy is absorbed in a graded mode through controllable plastic deformation of the energy absorption box. Traditional anti-collision wood is replaced with the energy absorption box combined structure, the problems that a traditional scheme is low in energy absorption efficiency, poor in impact resistance and high in maintenance cost are solved, the energy absorption box combined structure has the advantages of being efficient in energy absorption, stable in buffering, good in load dispersity and convenient to maintain, and the over-winding collision protection capacity of a coal mine hoisting system is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine safety protection technology, specifically to a mine-use energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam. Background Technology

[0002] In current coal mine hoisting systems, the anti-collision beams at the shaft opening and bottom are primarily used to prevent collisions between skips or cages during hoisting and lowering due to overwinding or other abnormal conditions, thus protecting the safety of equipment and operators. Traditional anti-collision beams consist of wooden battens installed on the impact surface to absorb impact energy and provide cushioning. However, this design has the following shortcomings:

[0003] (1) Low energy absorption efficiency: Traditional anti-collision wood mainly relies on friction and elastic deformation to absorb energy, and its energy dissipation capacity is limited, making it difficult to meet the collision buffer requirements of modern large-tonnage lifting equipment.

[0004] (2) Insufficient impact resistance: The anti-collision beam is prone to local damage when subjected to high-energy impact, and the overall structure lacks multi-level energy absorption design, which cannot fully disperse the impact load.

[0005] (3) High maintenance and replacement costs: The anti-collision wood and steel beams are prone to wear and aging during long-term use, making maintenance and replacement difficult and posing safety hazards during operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This application provides a mine energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam, fixed to the well wall, including an anti-collision beam body, wherein the frontal side of the anti-collision beam body is provided with at least two levels of energy-absorbing structures acting in sequence;

[0009] The first-stage energy-absorbing structure includes a first anti-collision square tube and a first energy-absorbing box arranged parallel to the main body of the anti-collision beam. The bottom of the first energy-absorbing box is fixedly connected to the impact surface of the first anti-collision square tube.

[0010] The second-stage energy-absorbing structure includes a second anti-collision square tube and a second energy-absorbing box arranged perpendicular to the main body of the anti-collision beam. The bottom of the second energy-absorbing box is fixedly connected to the second anti-collision square tube, and the second anti-collision square tube is fixedly connected to the main body of the anti-collision beam by connecting bolts.

[0011] The first-stage energy-absorbing structure is located in front of the second-stage energy-absorbing structure, and is used to withstand and absorb impact energy before the second-stage energy-absorbing structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the interior of the first energy-absorbing box and / or the second energy-absorbing box is a multi-cell honeycomb structure, wherein the cells of the honeycomb structure are spatially distributed with a gradient density; wherein the cell density near the impact surface is greater than the cell density away from the impact surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the gradient density distribution is determined by the cell wall thickness. The changes in are achieved by satisfying the following relationship:

[0014]

[0015] in, For the distance to the collision surface The cell wall is thick at that location. The initial wall thickness of the cell at the impact face. Gradient coefficients >0, The distance is the distance from the impact surface to the inside of the box.

[0016] Furthermore, the first energy-absorbing box and / or the second energy-absorbing box are modular structures, including a rigid outer shell and an energy-absorbing core rod that is pluggably housed within the outer shell; the energy-absorbing core rod is made of metal foam, engineering plastic, or a sealed capsule filled with shear-thickening fluid.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a control unit and a distributed pressure sensor array disposed on the impact surface of the first energy-absorbing box;

[0018] The pressure sensor array is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to monitor the collision pressure distribution in real time.

[0019] The control unit is configured to: receive signals from the pressure sensor array, and when a pressure value is sensed... Exceeding the first threshold When the perceived pressure value P exceeds a higher second threshold, a collision warning signal is generated and sent. At that time, a linkage control signal is generated and sent to the emergency braking unit of the lifting system.

[0020] Furthermore, the algorithm for the control unit to execute the linkage control includes the following steps:

[0021] Step S1: Real-time acquisition of pressure values ​​at each measuring point of the pressure sensor array. ;

[0022] Step S2: Calculate the overall collision force ,in The effective sensing area at each measuring point;

[0023] Step S3: Calculate the rate of change of collision force ;

[0024] Step S4: Based on overall collision force and the rate of change of collision force The following comprehensive evaluation function is used. Determine the severity level of the collision:

[0025]

[0026] in, The preset maximum value is defined, where α and β are weighting coefficients, and α + β = 1.

[0027] Step S5: When C(t) exceeds the set threshold At that time, the control unit sends out the linkage control signal.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a condition monitoring module and strain sensors attached to the inner wall of the first energy-absorbing box and / or the second energy-absorbing box;

[0029] The strain sensor is communicatively connected to the condition monitoring module;

[0030] The condition monitoring module is configured to calculate the cumulative plastic deformation of the energy-absorbing box based on strain sensor data, and predict its remaining service life accordingly.

[0031] Furthermore, the remaining useful life is predicted using the following algorithm model:

[0032] The model defines the damage degree of the energy-absorbing box. for:

[0033]

[0034] in, Let be the equivalent plastic strain measured in the i-th impact event. The maximum allowable plastic strain of the material;

[0035] The remaining service life Represented as:

[0036]

[0037] in, The design life of the energy-absorbing box under undamaged conditions is determined by the number of impacts it withstands. When the value is ≥1, the system issues a replacement alarm.

[0038] Furthermore, it also includes adaptive buffering devices and control units;

[0039] The adaptive buffer device is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, the cylinder body of which is hinged to the main body of the anti-collision beam or the well wall, and the end of its piston rod is hinged to the second-stage energy-absorbing structure.

[0040] The control unit is electrically connected to the adaptive buffer device and is configured to dynamically adjust the opening of the hydraulic back pressure valve of the hydraulic cylinder or the proportional pressure valve of the pneumatic cylinder based on a preset collision signal or real-time data from the sensor, so as to provide a damping force that matches the collision intensity.

[0041] Furthermore, the adjustment of the damping force follows the control law:

[0042]

[0043] in, The target damping force required at time t; For error signals, The instantaneous velocity of the impacting object, estimated from the collision force data. The preset safety buffer target speed; and These are the proportional and differential gain coefficients, respectively.

[0044] Compared with existing technologies, this invention replaces traditional crashwood with at least two stages of energy-absorbing structure, consisting of a first-stage energy-absorbing structure parallel to the main body of the crash beam and a second-stage energy-absorbing structure perpendicular to the main body of the crash beam. This achieves step-by-step and controllable absorption of impact energy, significantly improving energy absorption efficiency and system reliability. At the same time, the two-stage orthogonal arrangement effectively disperses the impact load, reducing the risk of local damage. The modular structure also facilitates maintenance and replacement, thereby improving the overall safety performance and service life of the crash beam. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a mine-use energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam structure.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a top view of a mine-use energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam structure.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the energy-absorbing box.

[0048] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the energy-absorbing box.

[0049] Figure 5 This is an isometric drawing of a mine-use energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam structure.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam.

[0051] 1. First energy-absorbing box, 2. First anti-collision square tube, 3. Second energy-absorbing box, 4. Second anti-collision square tube, 5. Anti-collision beam body, 6. Connecting bolts, 7. Well wall. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0054] Please see Figures 1-6 This invention provides a mine energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam, fixed to the well wall 7, including an anti-collision beam body 5, wherein the anti-collision beam body 5 is provided with at least two levels of sequentially acting energy-absorbing structures on the impact-facing side;

[0055] The first-stage energy-absorbing structure includes a first anti-collision square tube 2 and a first energy-absorbing box 1 arranged parallel to the anti-collision beam body 5. The bottom of the first energy-absorbing box 1 is fixedly connected to the impact surface of the first anti-collision square tube 2.

[0056] The second-stage energy-absorbing structure includes a second anti-collision square tube 4 and a second energy-absorbing box 3 arranged perpendicular to the anti-collision beam body 5. The bottom of the second energy-absorbing box 3 is fixedly connected to the second anti-collision square tube 4, and the second anti-collision square tube 4 is fixedly connected to the anti-collision beam body 5 by connecting bolts 6.

[0057] The first-stage energy-absorbing structure is located in front of the second-stage energy-absorbing structure, and is used to withstand and absorb impact energy before the second-stage energy-absorbing structure.

[0058] In this embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 5 and 6, when implementing the mine energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam of the present invention, the main body 5 of the anti-collision beam is first reliably fixed to the well wall 7 by pre-embedded parts or high-strength anchor rods.

[0059] The main body 5 of the anti-collision beam is provided with at least two levels of energy-absorbing structures that act in sequence on the impact side.

[0060] Implementation of the first-stage energy-absorbing structure: This structure is located on the outermost layer and directly bears the impact. It consists of a first anti-collision square tube 2 and a first energy-absorbing box 1 arranged parallel to the main body of the anti-collision beam 5. During manufacturing, the bottom of the first energy-absorbing box 1 is fixedly connected to the impact-facing surface of the first anti-collision square tube 2 by welding, forming a rigid assembly. This assembly is fixed parallel to the front of the second-stage energy-absorbing structure and the uppermost end of the main body of the anti-collision beam 5 by welding or bolting. The main function of this layer is to first contact the impactor during a collision and absorb and disperse the initial impact energy by relying on the plastic deformation of the first energy-absorbing box 1.

[0061] Implementation of the second-stage energy-absorbing structure: This structure is located below the first-stage assembly and above the main body 5 of the crash beam. It consists of a second crash beam square tube 4 and a second energy-absorbing box 3 arranged perpendicular to the main body 5 of the crash beam. The bottom of the second energy-absorbing box 3 is welded to the second crash beam square tube 4. This assembly is fixedly connected to the main body 5 of the crash beam by a set of high-strength connecting bolts 6. Precise calibration is required during installation to ensure that its orientation is perpendicular to the main body 5 of the crash beam. The main function of this layer is to provide secondary buffering when the first-stage energy absorption is insufficient or the impact energy is large, further diffusing and dispersing the impact load.

[0062] Both the first anti-collision square tube 2 and the second anti-collision square tube 4 are made of high-strength steel or aluminum alloy to ensure sufficient load-bearing capacity and durability. Their rectangular cross-sectional dimensions and wall thickness need to be determined based on actual stress analysis calculations.

[0063] The first energy-absorbing box 1 and the second energy-absorbing box 3 are made of a metal material with controllable plastic deformation characteristics. (See attached image) Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, its interior can be designed as a multi-cell honeycomb structure so that it can achieve slow and controllable step-by-step crushing deformation through preset failure modes during the collision process, thereby efficiently absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy.

[0064] During coal mine hoisting, when the skip or cage accidentally overwinds and collides with the anti-collision beam provided in this application at the mine entrance or bottom, the entire structure functions sequentially:

[0065] Phase 1: The first-level energy-absorbing structure at the top layer first bears the impact. During the process of being subjected to force, the first energy-absorbing box 11 rapidly converts part of the impact kinetic energy into deformation energy through the controllable plastic deformation of its internal structure, thus achieving primary energy absorption.

[0066] The second stage: After the initial energy is absorbed, the remaining impact energy is transferred to the second-stage energy-absorbing structure through the first-stage structure. Since the second-stage structure is arranged perpendicular to the main body 5 of the anti-collision beam, it can further diffuse the load. Simultaneously, the second energy-absorbing box 3 absorbs the remaining energy a second time through its multi-stage deformation mechanism, ultimately forming a highly efficient energy dissipation system combining primary energy absorption and secondary buffering. This ensures the overall anti-collision effect reaches its optimal state, effectively protecting the safety of the mining hoisting equipment and shaft structure.

[0067] In one specific embodiment, the interior of the first energy-absorbing box 1 and / or the second energy-absorbing box 3 is a multi-cell honeycomb structure, wherein the cells of the honeycomb structure are distributed in a gradient density in space; wherein the cell density near the impact surface is greater than the cell density away from the impact surface.

[0068] This gradient density distribution design offers significant advantages. When the energy-absorbing box is impacted, the higher-density cells near the impact surface can initially withstand the greater impact force. Due to their higher density, the structure is relatively more compact and robust, allowing them to quickly resist the impact in the initial stages of the collision, absorbing and dispersing a large amount of impact energy through cell deformation. As the collision continues, the impact force gradually propagates into the energy-absorbing box, at which point the lower-density cells begin to play their role. They can deform even under relatively small forces, further absorbing and dissipating the remaining energy, thus achieving a gradual and efficient absorption of energy.

[0069] The gradient distribution ensures more uniform and stable deformation of the energy-absorbing box throughout the collision process. Compared to a uniform density honeycomb structure, the gradient density distribution avoids premature structural failure due to localized stress concentration in the early stages of a collision, extending the effective energy absorption time and travel distance of the energy-absorbing box. Furthermore, the gradient distribution can adaptively adjust the energy absorption effect according to the actual collision conditions, ensuring good energy absorption and buffering effects under impacts of varying intensities. This further enhances the overall performance and reliability of the mine energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam, providing more reliable safety assurance for mine hoisting equipment and shaft structures.

[0070] In one specific embodiment, the gradient density distribution is determined by the cell wall thickness. The changes in are achieved by satisfying the following relationship:

[0071]

[0072] in, For the distance to the collision surface The cell wall is thick at that location. The initial wall thickness of the cell at the impact face. Gradient coefficients >0, The distance is the distance from the impact surface to the inside of the box.

[0073] In this embodiment, a linearly varying wall thickness design ensures that the cell density gradually increases from the impact surface inwards, thereby optimizing the continuity of energy absorption. Gradient coefficient The value of needs to be precisely calculated based on the collision conditions and material properties to balance the requirements of initial impact resistance and subsequent deformation dissipation. For example, a higher ... A higher value will cause the wall thickness to increase faster, enhancing the energy absorption capacity of the internal region, while a lower value will... The value maintains more effective impact resistance at the front end.

[0074] Combining damage variables Definition, This indicates the cumulative damage level of the cell during deformation, where... For local strain, This represents the maximum allowable strain of the material. This formula works in conjunction with the wall thickness gradient, through real-time monitoring... Values ​​that can predict structural degradation and calculate the remaining effective length. ,in This is the original length.

[0075] In actual collisions, this design allows the energy-absorbing box to adaptively adjust its deformation mode: when When it increases, The increase in [something] mitigates stress concentration, prevents premature cell failure, and ensures more uniform energy dissipation. By adjusting [something]... and It can customize gradient distribution for different mining scenarios such as low-speed or high-speed impact, thereby maximizing energy absorption stroke and overall reliability.

[0076] Specifically, in low-speed collision conditions, a smaller [material / equipment] can be selected. The initial structural design prioritizes maintaining a relatively long, uniform wall thickness in the front section to ensure initial structural stiffness against minor impacts. However, in high-speed or high-energy collision scenarios, a larger φ value is required to rapidly increase the wall thickness towards the rear of the energy-absorbing cell, significantly enhancing the energy absorption density of the middle and rear cells. This targeted gradient design, combined with real-time damage variables, allows for optimal performance. For cumulative strain The monitoring can precisely control the deformation process: ensuring that the structure does not experience unexpected local collapse in the early stages of impact, and efficiently dissipating impact kinetic energy in the deeper stages of deformation, ultimately by calculating the remaining effective length. It can intuitively assess the remaining performance and structural integrity of the energy-absorbing box after a specific impact event.

[0077] In one specific embodiment, the first energy-absorbing box 1 and / or the second energy-absorbing box 3 are modular structures, including a rigid outer shell and an energy-absorbing core rod removably housed within the outer shell. The energy-absorbing core rod is made of metal foam, engineering plastic, or a sealed capsule filled with shear-thickening fluid. Metal foam core rods are suitable for high-energy-density absorption scenarios, providing excellent plastic deformation capabilities. Engineering plastic core rods prioritize lightweight and low cost, maintaining initial stiffness during low-speed impacts. Sealed capsule core rods filled with shear-thickening fluid can adaptively enhance stiffness according to strain rate, effectively suppressing unexpected local collapse. This modular design allows for rapid core rod replacement based on mining conditions, combined with gradient wall thickness distribution. Optimize the overall energy absorption stroke and through real-time damage variables Monitoring cumulative strain This ensures precise control of energy dissipation efficiency during deformation, ultimately based on the remaining effective length. Assess structural integrity and remaining performance.

[0078] In one specific embodiment, it also includes a control unit and a distributed pressure sensor array disposed on the impact surface of the first energy-absorbing box 1;

[0079] The pressure sensor array is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to monitor the collision pressure distribution in real time.

[0080] The control unit is configured to: receive signals from the pressure sensor array, and when a pressure value is sensed... Exceeding the first threshold When the perceived pressure value P exceeds a higher second threshold, a collision warning signal is generated and sent. At the same time, a linkage control signal is generated and sent to the emergency braking unit of the lifting system; simultaneously, the control unit also integrates a data analysis module for calculating the strain rate of the energy-absorbing box based on the real-time pressure distribution. and will Input to damage variables Update model To dynamically assess the cumulative damage level; when Exceeding the preset threshold At this time, the control unit automatically triggers a core rod replacement command, notifying the maintenance system via the wireless communication module to quickly insert and remove the modular energy-absorbing core rod. Furthermore, the linkage control signal synchronously adjusts the gradient wall thickness distribution parameters. ,optimization The energy-absorbing stroke ensures that the remaining effective length is maintained during emergency braking. Maximizing this will improve overall collision avoidance performance and safety redundancy.

[0081] In one specific embodiment, the algorithm for the control unit to perform linkage control includes the following steps:

[0082] Step S1: Real-time acquisition of pressure values ​​at each measuring point of the pressure sensor array. Real-time acquisition of pressure values ​​at each measuring point in the pressure sensor array. This provides the basic data for subsequent calculations.

[0083] Step S2: Calculate the overall collision force ,in The effective sensing area of ​​each measuring point is used; the overall collision force is calculated by multiplying the pressure value at each measuring point by the corresponding effective sensing area and then summing the results. It integrates data from dispersed sensors to reflect the total collision force.

[0084] Step S3: Calculate the rate of change of collision force ; Calculate the rate of change of the collision force over time It reflects the intensity of the collision or the rate of change of force.

[0085] Step S4: Based on overall collision force and the rate of change of collision force The following comprehensive evaluation function is used. Determine the severity level of the collision:

[0086]

[0087] in, and The preset maximum value is defined, α and β are weighting coefficients, and α + β = 1; a comprehensive evaluation function is adopted. The normalized overall collision force The absolute value of the normalized rate of change of collision force Through weighting coefficients , Weighted summation to determine the severity of collisions in mining scenarios. =0.7 emphasizes steady-state force. =0.3 takes into account instantaneous rate of change.

[0088] Step S5: When Ct exceeds the set threshold When, the control unit sends the linkage control signal; when Exceeding the set threshold At that time, the control unit sends a linkage control signal to trigger subsequent responses.

[0089] Step S6: After the linkage control signal is issued, the control unit triggers the active deformation mechanism of the mine energy-absorbing box, activating the preset energy-absorbing structure to absorb collision energy, wherein the deformation amount is based on... The value is proportionally adjusted to ensure that energy dissipation matches the severity of the collision; after the linkage control signal is issued, the control unit activates the active deformation mechanism of the mine energy-absorbing box, according to... The deformation amount is adjusted proportionally to match the energy dissipation of the energy-absorbing structure with the severity of the collision, thereby absorbing the collision energy.

[0090] Step S7: Monitor residual risks after a collision in real time. Continue to exceed Reaching the set time window If so, the response level will be upgraded, and auxiliary safety devices such as emergency braking or alarm systems will be activated.

[0091] In the weighting coefficient settings, and The value can be optimized through collision simulation experiments, for example, in mining scenarios. The value is set to 0.7 to emphasize the influence of steady-state forces. A value of 0.3 was chosen to account for the instantaneous rate of change, and iterative calibration was used to ensure... Constraints.

[0092] Preset rated maximum value and Based on the material limits and operating conditions of the crash beam, the following settings were established: Referring to the maximum design load, This is based on the peak rate of change of historical collision events.

[0093] Real-time monitoring of residual risks after a collision, if Continue to exceed Reaching the set time window If so, the response level will be upgraded, activating auxiliary safety devices such as emergency braking and alarm systems.

[0094] Step S8: Record data for all collision events, including , and It is used for post-event analysis and algorithm optimization to improve the reliability and adaptability of linkage control; it records collision events. , , This data is used for post-event analysis and algorithm optimization to improve the reliability and adaptability of linkage control.

[0095] In one specific embodiment, it also includes a state monitoring module and strain sensors attached to the inner wall of the first energy-absorbing box 1 and / or the second energy-absorbing box 3;

[0096] The strain sensor is communicatively connected to the condition monitoring module;

[0097] The condition monitoring module is configured to calculate the cumulative plastic deformation of the energy-absorbing box based on strain sensor data, and predict its remaining service life accordingly.

[0098] In one specific implementation, the remaining useful life is predicted using the following algorithm model:

[0099] The model defines the damage degree of the energy-absorbing box. for:

[0100]

[0101] in, Let be the equivalent plastic strain measured in the i-th impact event. The maximum allowable plastic strain of the material;

[0102] The remaining service life Represented as:

[0103]

[0104] in, The design life of the energy-absorbing box under undamaged conditions is determined by the number of impacts it withstands. When ≥1, the system issues a replacement alarm.

[0105] This implementation predicts the remaining service life of the energy-absorbing box using a cumulative damage model: First, the equivalent plastic strain measured in each impact event is... With the maximum allowable plastic strain of the material The cumulative damage of the energy-absorbing box is obtained by summing the ratios. Right now Then, the number of impacts required for the design life under undamaged conditions is used. Multiply by the proportion of undamaged To obtain the remaining service life Right now When the cumulative damage When the value is ≥1, it indicates that the plastic deformation capacity of the energy-absorbing box has been exhausted, and the system issues a replacement alarm.

[0106] In one specific embodiment, it also includes an adaptive buffer device and a control unit;

[0107] The adaptive buffer device is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, the cylinder body of which is hinged to the anti-collision beam body 5 or the well wall 7, and the end of its piston rod is hinged to the second stage energy absorption structure.

[0108] The control unit is electrically connected to the adaptive buffer device and is configured to dynamically adjust the opening of the hydraulic back pressure valve of the hydraulic cylinder or the proportional pressure valve of the pneumatic cylinder based on a preset collision signal or real-time data from sensors, so as to provide a damping force matching the collision intensity.

[0109] This implementation includes an adaptive buffer device and a control unit. The cylinder of the adaptive buffer device is hinged to the anti-collision beam body 5 or the well wall 7, and the piston rod end is hinged to the second-stage energy-absorbing structure. The control unit is electrically connected to the adaptive buffer device and can dynamically adjust the opening of the hydraulic back pressure valve of the hydraulic cylinder or the proportional pressure valve of the pneumatic cylinder based on a preset collision signal or real-time sensor data to provide a damping force matching the collision intensity. Specifically, when the sensor detects an impact acceleration or displacement signal, the control unit analyzes the data in real time through built-in algorithms such as PID control or fuzzy logic to precisely adjust the valve opening, so that the damping force changes linearly with the impact intensity, thereby optimizing the energy absorption efficiency. This adaptive adjustment not only reduces the instantaneous plastic deformation of the energy-absorbing box but also works in conjunction with the cumulative damage model to reduce the equivalent plastic strain of a single impact. Delaying cumulative damage The increase indirectly extends the remaining service life. Furthermore, the design of the buffer device takes into account variations in the thickness of the energy-absorbing box. The thickness increases linearly along the length direction to ensure higher strength in critical areas, further enhancing the reliability and safety of the overall collision avoidance system.

[0110] In one specific implementation, the adjustment of the damping force follows the control law:

[0111]

[0112] in, The target damping force required at time t; For error signals, The instantaneous velocity of the impacting object, estimated from the collision force data. The preset safety buffer target speed; and These are the proportional and differential gain coefficients, respectively.

[0113] In this embodiment, the target damping force at time t Determined by both the proportional and differential terms: based on the current error signal Actual instantaneous velocity of the impacting object With preset safety buffer target speed The difference directly adjusts the damping force; the larger the error, the larger the damping force, used to quickly reduce speed deviation. The damping force is also adjusted based on the rate of change of the error signal and the derivative of the error with time, reflecting the trend of speed deviation changes, such as whether the deviation is accelerating, used to suppress further changes in deviation and reduce oscillations. This is achieved by adjusting the proportional gain. With differential gain This allows the actual velocity of the impacting object to approach the target safe velocity as quickly as possible, achieving damping force control for safe buffering.

[0114] Experimental Example

[0115] Experimental Example: Performance Verification of Energy-Absorbing Box-Type Anti-collision Beams for Mining

[0116] 1. Experimental Objective

[0117] This invention verifies the superiority of the two-stage energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam described in this invention over traditional anti-collision wooden beams in terms of energy absorption efficiency, peak impact force, and structural stability.

[0118] 2. Experimental Model and Methods

[0119] Method: Computer simulation collision tests were conducted using nonlinear finite element explicit dynamic analysis software.

[0120] Control group: Traditional mining anti-collision beams (steel beams + anti-collision wood).

[0121] Experimental group: The two-stage energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam described in this invention.

[0122] Collision conditions:

[0123] Impacting object: Standard basket model, mass: 10000 kg

[0124] Initial collision velocity: 3 m / s, simulating low-to-medium speed winding conditions.

[0125] Collision type: Frontal center impact

[0126] 3. Experimental Data and Results

[0127] The table below shows a comparison of the simulation data for the two models on key performance indicators:

[0128]

[0129] Data Analysis:

[0130] The energy absorption of the anti-collision beam of this invention is 2.3 times that of traditional designs. This is mainly due to the orderly and sufficient plastic deformation of the two-stage energy-absorbing boxes, which converts a large amount of kinetic energy into deformation energy. The peak impact force is significantly reduced, while the duration of the impact process is more than doubled. This indicates that the impact energy is absorbed more smoothly, forming an ideal "soft impact," which greatly reduces the impact load on the hoisting equipment and shaft structure. The steel beams in traditional designs have already undergone plastic bending, posing a risk of failure. However, the main structure of the anti-collision beam of this invention remains intact, and it can be restored to use simply by replacing the standardized energy-absorbing box modules, verifying its maintainability and higher safety redundancy.

[0131] 4. Experimental Conclusions

[0132] This experiment, through computer simulation, verifies that the "Mining Energy-Absorbing Box-Type Anti-Collision Beam" of this invention has significant advantages over traditional solutions, including high energy absorption efficiency, good buffering effect, and superior structural safety. Experimental data fully demonstrates that it effectively solves the problems of insufficient energy absorption and poor impact resistance of traditional anti-collision beams, providing an efficient and reliable solution for improving mine safety.

[0133] Finally, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the control method of the control unit described above.

[0134] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a server is provided, comprising: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to invoke the instructions stored in the memory to execute a related control method of a control unit.

[0135] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored, wherein the computer program instructions are executed by a processor to control a related control method of a control unit.

[0136] This invention can be a method, apparatus, system, and / or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for performing various aspects of the invention.

[0137] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0138] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A mine energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam, fixed to the well wall (7), comprising an anti-collision beam body (5), characterized in that, The main body of the anti-collision beam (5) is provided with at least two levels of energy-absorbing structures acting in sequence on the impact side; The first-stage energy-absorbing structure includes a first anti-collision square tube (2) and a first energy-absorbing box (1) arranged parallel to the anti-collision beam body (5). The bottom of the first energy-absorbing box (1) is fixedly connected to the impact surface of the first anti-collision square tube (2). The second-stage energy-absorbing structure includes a second anti-collision square tube (4) and a second energy-absorbing box (3) arranged perpendicular to the anti-collision beam body (5). The bottom of the second energy-absorbing box (3) is fixedly connected to the second anti-collision square tube (4), and the second anti-collision square tube (4) is fixedly connected to the anti-collision beam body (5) by connecting bolts (6). The first-stage energy-absorbing structure is located in front of the second-stage energy-absorbing structure, and is used to withstand and absorb impact energy before the second-stage energy-absorbing structure.

2. The mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the first energy-absorbing box (1) and / or the second energy-absorbing box (3) is a multi-cell honeycomb structure, and the cells of the honeycomb structure are distributed in a gradient density in space; wherein, the cell density near the impact surface is greater than the cell density away from the impact surface.

3. The mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gradient density distribution is achieved through cell wall thickness. The changes in are achieved by satisfying the following relationship: ； in, For the distance to the collision surface The cell wall is thick at that location. The initial wall thickness of the cell at the impact face. Gradient coefficients >0, The distance is the distance from the impact surface to the inside of the box.

4. The mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first energy-absorbing box (1) and / or the second energy-absorbing box (3) are modular structures, including a rigid shell and an energy-absorbing core rod that is pluggably housed in the shell; the energy-absorbing core rod is made of metal foam, engineering plastic or a sealed capsule filled with shear-thickening fluid.

5. The mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control unit and a distributed pressure sensor array disposed on the impact surface of the first energy-absorbing box (1); The pressure sensor array is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to monitor the collision pressure distribution in real time. The control unit is configured to: receive signals from the pressure sensor array, and when a pressure value is sensed... Exceeding the first threshold When the perceived pressure value P exceeds a higher second threshold, a collision warning signal is generated and sent. At that time, a linkage control signal is generated and sent to the emergency braking unit of the lifting system.

6. The mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam according to claim 5, characterized in that, The algorithm for the control unit to perform linkage control includes the following steps: Step S1: Real-time acquisition of pressure values ​​at each measuring point of the pressure sensor array. ; Step S2: Calculate the overall collision force ,in The effective sensing area at each measuring point; Step S3: Calculate the rate of change of collision force ; Step S4: Based on overall collision force and the rate of change of collision force The following comprehensive evaluation function is used. Determine the severity level of the collision: ； in, The preset maximum value is defined, where α and β are weighting coefficients, and α + β = 1. Step S5: When C(t) exceeds the set threshold At that time, the control unit sends out the linkage control signal.

7. The mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a condition monitoring module and strain sensors attached to the inner walls of the first energy-absorbing box (1) and / or the second energy-absorbing box (3); The strain sensor is communicatively connected to the condition monitoring module; The condition monitoring module is configured to calculate the cumulative plastic deformation of the energy-absorbing box based on strain sensor data, and predict its remaining service life accordingly.

8. The mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam according to claim 7, characterized in that, The remaining useful life is predicted using the following algorithm model: The model defines the damage degree of the energy-absorbing box. for: ； in, Let be the equivalent plastic strain measured in the i-th impact event. The maximum allowable plastic strain of the material; The remaining service life Represented as: ； in, The design life of the energy-absorbing box under undamaged conditions is determined by the number of impacts it withstands. When the value is ≥1, the system issues a replacement alarm.

9. The mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an adaptive buffer and a control unit; The adaptive buffer device is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, the cylinder body of which is hinged to the anti-collision beam body (5) or the well wall (7), and the end of its piston rod is hinged to the second stage energy absorption structure. The control unit is electrically connected to the adaptive buffer device and is configured to dynamically adjust the opening of the hydraulic back pressure valve of the hydraulic cylinder or the proportional pressure valve of the pneumatic cylinder based on a preset collision signal or real-time data from the sensor, so as to provide a damping force that matches the collision intensity.

10. The mining energy-absorbing box-type anti-collision beam according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adjustment of the damping force follows the following control law: ； in, The target damping force required at time t; For error signals, The instantaneous velocity of the impacting object, estimated from the collision force data. The preset safety buffer target speed; and These are the proportional and differential gain coefficients, respectively.

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