Variable-temperature paint, preparation method of variable-temperature coating and application of variable-temperature paint and variable-temperature coating in vehicles

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coating, and particularly discloses a variable-temperature paint, a preparation method of a variable-temperature coating and application of the variable-temperature paint and the variable-temperature coating to a vehicle. The variable-temperature paint comprises a film-forming substance and a thermochromic material, the film-forming substance comprises acrylic resin, and the thermochromic material comprises a rare earth complex; the rare earth complex is a rare earth metal organic complex containing terbium ions Tb < 3 + > and europium ions Eu < 3 + >; in the variable-temperature paint, the mass ratio of the film forming substance to the thermochromic material is 100: (1.5-3). The variable-temperature paint is coated on vehicle parts such as wheels and is cured to form a variable-temperature coating, the variable-temperature coating can change color automatically along with the change of environment temperature, the environment temperature of a whole vehicle and / or the temperature of the vehicle parts such as a brake can be preliminarily judged through the color change of the variable-temperature coating, and color indication early warning is carried out.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coating, in particular to a variable-temperature paint, a preparation method of a variable-temperature coating and application thereof on a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of automobiles, various different types of appearance effects can be achieved on vehicle wheels through processes such as spraying, fine turning, physical vapor deposition (PVD), electroplating, etc., to provide different colors and effects for the overall appearance of the vehicle. With the development of society and the increasing demand for individualization of vehicle appearance colors, vehicle wheels, as very important parts of the overall appearance of the vehicle, have an increasingly strong demand for color variability. Traditional sprayed vehicle wheels cannot change the paint color with temperature changes, nor can they achieve the purpose of being always new. Recently, sprayed electrochromic materials can change the color of the vehicle wheels by external power supply, but the addition of energy sources, circuit control systems, etc. will increase the unsprung weight and system complexity, and cannot achieve autonomous color changes with environmental temperature changes. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a variable-temperature paint, a preparation method of a variable-temperature coating and application thereof on a vehicle, to solve the technical problem that traditional vehicle wheel color-changing paint cannot autonomously change color with environmental temperature changes.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present application provides a variable-temperature paint, which is a paint that changes color with temperature changes, the variable-temperature paint comprising a film-forming substance and a thermochromic material, the film-forming substance comprising an acrylic resin, and the thermochromic material comprising a rare earth complex; the rare earth complex is a rare earth metal organic complex containing terbium ions Tb 3+ and europium ions Eu 3+ ; in the variable-temperature paint, the mass ratio of the film-forming substance and the thermochromic material is 100:1.5-3 acrylic resin and rare earth complex.

[0005] Further, the acrylic resin is selected from at least one of polymethyl methacrylate, silicone propylene resin, acetone propylene resin or fluorine propylene resin.

[0006] Further, the chemical formula of the rare earth complex is Tb 0.5 Eu 0.5 (BA)3phen, wherein Tb is terbium, Eu is europium, BA is benzoate, and phen is ortho-phenanthroline.

[0007] Further, the variable-temperature paint further comprises a solvent, preferably an organic solvent.

[0008] The application also provides a preparation method of the temperature-variable coating, which coats the temperature-variable paint as described above on an object to be coated, and solidifies to form a temperature-variable coating.

[0009] Further, the preparation method of the temperature-variable coating comprises the following steps: The acrylic resin is added into a solvent to prepare a resin solution; the rare earth complex is added into the resin solution to uniformly disperse and form a temperature-variable paint solution; The temperature-variable paint solution is coated on an object to be coated, and solidified to form a temperature-variable coating.

[0010] Further, the temperature-variable paint solution is coated on an object to be coated, and baked at 60-80℃ to solidify and form a temperature-variable coating.

[0011] The application also provides a vehicle component having a temperature-variable coating prepared according to the method as described above.

[0012] Further, the vehicle component includes, but is not limited to, a wheel, a handlebar, a door handle, a peripheral component of an exhaust system, etc.

[0013] Further, the thickness of the temperature-variable coating is 20-40μm.

[0014] Further, the temperature-variable coating is the outermost layer on the outer surface of the vehicle component.

[0015] Further, the vehicle component further has a colorless transparent coating coated on the temperature-variable coating.

[0016] The application also provides a vehicle comprising the vehicle component as described above.

[0017] As described above, the temperature-variable paint, the preparation method of the temperature-variable coating, and the application thereof on a vehicle have the following beneficial effects: The temperature-variable paint provided by the application uses acrylic resin as the main film-forming material, and adds an appropriate amount of a thermochromic material, i.e., a rare earth complex, which is coated on a vehicle component such as a wheel to form a temperature-variable coating, so that the temperature-variable coating can autonomously change color with the change of the ambient temperature, and can preliminarily judge the ambient temperature of the vehicle and / or the temperature of an automobile component such as a brake, and give a color indication warning. The color change principle is as follows: Under the protection of the acrylic resin, the organic ligand in the rare earth complex can effectively absorb ultraviolet light energy, and transfer it to the rare earth metal Tb 3+ and Eu 3+ ; as the ambient temperature rises (e.g., from -20℃ to 90℃), Tb 3+ transfers the energy to Eu 3+The energy transfer efficiency will be enhanced, and the overall non-radiative transition (thermal vibration) will be intensified, leading to macroscopic color change (e.g., from green to yellow, then to orange, and finally to red). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The advantages and effects of the present application can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the specific embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied by different specific embodiments, and the details in the description can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. The following examples and features in the examples can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0019] In the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0020] The character " / " represents an "or" relationship between the objects before and after it. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0021] The term "and / or" is a description of the relationship between the objects, which means that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0022] An embodiment of the present application provides a thermochromic paint, which is a paint that changes color with temperature change, and the thermochromic paint includes a film-forming material and a thermochromic material. The film-forming material includes an acrylic resin, but is not limited thereto; and the thermochromic material includes a rare earth complex, but is not limited thereto. The rare earth complex is a rare earth metal organic complex containing terbium ions Tb 3+ and europium ions Eu 3+ . In the thermochromic paint, the mass ratio of the film-forming material and the thermochromic material is 100:1.5-3 of the acrylic resin and the rare earth complex. In some preferred embodiments, the thermochromic paint includes the acrylic resin and the rare earth complex in a mass ratio of 100:1.5-3.

[0023] The coating prepared by the thermochromic paint provided by the above embodiment can autonomously change color according to the change of the ambient temperature, and the color change principle is as follows: under the protection of the acrylic resin, the organic ligand in the rare earth complex can effectively absorb ultraviolet light energy and transfer it to Tb 3+ and Eu 3+ . As the ambient temperature rises (e.g., from -20°C to 90°C), Tb 3+ transfers energy to Eu 3+The energy transfer efficiency will be enhanced, and the overall nonradiative transitions (thermal vibrations) will also be intensified, leading to macroscopic color changes (such as changing from green to yellow, then to orange, and finally to red). Furthermore, if this coating is applied to vehicle components such as wheels, the color change of the coating can be used to preliminarily determine the ambient temperature of the vehicle and / or the temperature of automotive components such as brakes, thereby providing color-coded warnings.

[0024] Since the amount of rare earth complexes affects luminescence intensity and efficiency, thus influencing coating color changes, the optimal ratio of acrylic resin to rare earth complexes in the temperature-changing paint provided in this application is 100:1.5~3. When the ratio of rare earth complexes to acrylic resin is less than 1.5%, although the cost of the temperature-changing paint is reduced, the luminescence intensity is too low, resulting in weak red and green light intensities and indistinct coating color changes that are difficult to discern with the naked eye. When the ratio of rare earth complexes to acrylic resin is higher than 3%, the rare earth ions are too close together and collide with each other, converting light energy into heat energy instead of luminescence, leading to a sharp drop in luminescence efficiency. Furthermore, if the doping amount of rare earth complexes in the temperature-changing paint is too high, it will also affect the film-forming properties of the resin and the transparency of the coating.

[0025] In some embodiments of this application, the acrylic resin is selected from at least one of poly(methylmethacrylate), PMMA, silicone acrylic resin, vinyl acetate acrylic resin, fluoroacrylic resin, etc., but is not limited to this, and other acrylic resins may also be selected. It should have the characteristics of being colorless and transparent, and it is even better if it also has high light resistance and aging resistance.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, the chemical formula of the rare earth complex is Tb. 0.5 Eu 0.5 (BA)3phen, where Tb is terbium, Eu is europium, BA is benzoate, and phen is o-phenanthroline (or 1,10-phenanthroline). The resulting coating exhibits the following color change with varying ambient temperature: ① Low temperature (≤-20℃): The molecular thermal vibration is too low, and the energy changes from Tb 3+ To Eu 3+ The transfer process stalls, and the coating stabilizes in a green color. Therefore, the coating has no temperature sensing capability at -20°C and below.

[0027] ② Lower temperatures (-20℃~0℃): Energy from Tb 3+ To Eu 3+ The transmission efficiency is extremely low, Tb 3+ The dominant light is green, giving the coating a bright green hue.

[0028] ③ Room temperature (0℃~25℃): Energy begins to increase from Tb3+ to Eu 3+ Effective transfer, red light intensity rises, mixed with green light, coating color from yellow-green to yellow.

[0029] ④ Higher temperature (25℃~60℃): energy starts from Tb 3+ to Eu 3+ Further improve the transfer efficiency, the intensity of red light close to or more than green light, coating color is orange.

[0030] ⑤ High temperature (≥60℃): energy starts from Tb 3+ to Eu 3+ Transfer efficiency is extremely efficient, red light dominant, coating color from orange to orange-red, and gradually changes to red. Above 90℃, the coating color is stable as red. Therefore, below 90℃, the coating also has no temperature measurement capability, that is, the coating color is stable, and the temperature range cannot be determined according to the change of the coating color.

[0031] Since the above coating is stable as green below-20℃ and stable as red above 90℃, the effective temperature measurement interval is-20℃ to 90℃, and considering other factors, the suitable working temperature is-35℃ to 105℃.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the rare earth complex Tb 0.5 Eu 0.5 The preparation method of (BA)3phen includes the following steps: according to the molar ratio of the target product, the soluble salt of Tb 3+ , the soluble salt of Eu 3+ , benzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline are weighed, added into a solvent, stirred, heated and reacted to synthesize the ternary complex Tb 0.5 Eu 0.5 (BA)3phen; after the synthesis reaction is completed, the powder product obtained by filtering, washing and drying is the target product. The soluble salt of Tb 3+ is, for example, TbCl3·6H2O, the soluble salt of Tb 3+ is, for example, EuCl3·6H2O, and the solvent used for the reaction is, for example, an ethanol solvent, but is not limited thereto.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the temperature-variable paint further includes a solvent, preferably an organic solvent, including but not limited to acetone, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, dichloroethane, trichloromethane and the like.

[0034] Another embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of a temperature-variable coating. The temperature-variable paint as described above is coated on an object to be coated, and is cured to form a temperature-variable coating. The coating method includes, but is not limited to, spraying, spin coating and the like.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the preparation method of the temperature-variable coating comprises the following steps: S1, adding an acrylic resin into a solvent to prepare a resin solution; adding the rare earth complex into the resin solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly to obtain a temperature-variable paint solution. The stirring mode is, for example, magnetic stirring. Ultrasonic treatment can be performed simultaneously with stirring to make the rare earth complex disperse in the paint solution more quickly and more fully and uniformly.

[0036] S2, coating the temperature-variable paint solution on an object to be coated and curing to form a temperature-variable coating.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the temperature-variable paint solution is coated on an object to be coated, and the object is baked at 60-80°C to make the solvent completely volatilize, thereby curing to form a temperature-variable coating.

[0038] Another embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle component having a temperature-variable coating prepared according to the method described above, the vehicle component including, but not limited to, a wheel, a handlebar, a door handle, a peripheral component of an exhaust system, etc., and the thickness of the temperature-variable coating is preferably 20-40 μm. The temperature-variable coating provided by the present application can replace a traditional color paint layer and a transparent paint coating layer, etc., and is sprayed on a vehicle component such as a wheel to realize color change without energy input. Since the color of the coating can change in real time with the ambient temperature, the color of the coating can be used to preliminarily judge whether the ambient temperature of the whole vehicle is too low or too high, and low-temperature or high-temperature alarm is performed; when the vehicle component is a wheel, the temperature-variable coating can also be used to judge whether the temperature of a brake or other component is too high or too low, thereby performing low-temperature or high-temperature alarm.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, the temperature-variable coating is the outermost layer on the outer surface of the vehicle component. In some other embodiments of the present application, the vehicle component also has a colorless transparent coating coated on the temperature-variable coating. Based on actual needs, in addition to the temperature-variable coating, other coatings such as a primer, a transparent coating, etc., can also be coated on the vehicle component, i.e., the vehicle component has multiple layers of coatings. However, it should be noted that the temperature-variable coating should be coated on the outermost layer, and other coatings should be coated on the inner side of the temperature-variable coating, i.e., other coatings are coated first, and the temperature-variable coating is coated last; only when the other coating is a colorless transparent coating, the colorless transparent coating can be coated on the temperature-variable coating, i.e., the temperature-variable coating is coated first, and the colorless transparent coating is coated last.

[0040] Another embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle comprising the vehicle component as described above. Since the temperature-variable coating is provided on the vehicle component such as a wheel, the vehicle further has a color-indicating early warning function relative to a conventional vehicle, and can perform low-temperature or high-temperature early warning when the temperature of the entire vehicle or the temperature of a component such as a brake is too low or too high.

[0041] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A temperature-variable paint, which is a paint that changes color with temperature, characterized in that: the temperature-variable paint comprises a film-forming material and a thermochromic material, the film-forming material comprises an acrylic resin, and the thermochromic material comprises a rare earth complex; the mass ratio of the film-forming material to the thermochromic material in the temperature-variable paint is 100: 1.5-3. The acrylic resin is at least one selected from polymethyl methacrylate, silicone-acrylate resin, vinyl-acrylate resin, and fluorine-acrylate resin. The rare earth complex is a rare earth metal organic complex containing terbium ions Tb 3+ and europium ions Eu 3+ ​ The temperature-variable paint further comprises a solvent.

2. The temperature altering paint of claim 1, wherein: The temperature-variable paint according to any one of claims 1-4 is coated on an object to be coated and cured to form a temperature-variable coating.

3. The temperature altering paint of claim 1, wherein: The chemical formula of the rare earth complex is Tb 0.5 Eu 0.5 (BA)3phen, wherein, Tb is terbium, Eu is europium, BA is benzoate, and phen is o-phenanthroline.

4. The temperature change paint of any of claims 1-3, wherein: The method comprises the following steps:

5. A method of making a variable temperature coating, characterized by: The acrylic resin is added to the solvent to prepare a resin solution, and the rare earth complex is added to the resin solution and uniformly dispersed to form a temperature-variable paint solution.

6. The method of making a variable temperature coating of claim 5, wherein, The temperature-variable paint solution is coated on an object to be coated and cured to form a temperature-variable coating. The temperature-variable paint solution is coated on an object to be coated, baked and heated at 60-80 ℃, and cured to form a temperature-variable coating. The vehicle component has the temperature-variable coating prepared by the method according to any one of claims 5-7.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: The vehicle component comprises a wheel, a handlebar, a door handle, and / or a peripheral component of an exhaust system.

8. A vehicle component characterized by: The thickness of the temperature-variable coating is 20-40 μm.

9. The vehicle component of claim 8, wherein: The temperature-variable coating is the outermost layer on the outer surface of the vehicle component, or the vehicle component further has a colorless transparent coating coated on the temperature-variable coating. The vehicle comprises the vehicle component according to claim 8 or 9. ​ 10. A vehicle characterized by: ​