Heat treatment process and system for laser cladding ceramic reinforced nickel-based superalloy coating

Abstract

The application relates to the field of high-temperature alloy coating materials and post-processing technology, in particular to a laser cladding ceramic reinforced nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating heat treatment process and system. Through the heat treatment process combined with ultra-high temperature short-time treatment and integrated rapid air cooling, and the rapid heat treatment equipment with air cooling cavities and high-temperature cavities, the problems that the strength and plasticity of the laser cladding oxide ceramic dispersion strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating are difficult to coordinate, the organization regulation is not accurate, and the existing equipment cannot efficiently and stably realize the seamless connection of the high-temperature treatment and rapid cooling process are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coating materials and post-treatment technology, specifically to a heat treatment process and system for laser cladding ceramic-reinforced nickel-based high-temperature alloy coatings. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding technology has great potential in manufacturing ceramic-reinforced nickel-based superalloy coatings. However, during its rapid prototyping process, hard and brittle second phases are often inevitably formed. These phases are continuously distributed at grain boundaries or cellular structure boundaries, which not only severely rupture the matrix and become stress concentration points, significantly impairing the plasticity of the material, but may also have an adverse effect on its high-temperature strength.

[0003] To eliminate such harmful structures, subsequent heat treatment is necessary. Traditional solution heat treatment typically involves high-temperature, long-term holding, which can partially dissolve the brittle phase, but also introduces new problems: on the one hand, prolonged high-temperature exposure can cause the recovery and annihilation of the high-density dislocation cellular structure unique to laser cladding and significantly contributing to strengthening, resulting in strength loss; on the other hand, while traditional rapid cooling (such as water quenching) can suppress precipitation during the cooling process, it easily introduces residual stress and deformation, and the process control is complex. Existing processes struggle to balance the contradiction between "eliminating the brittle phase" and "preserving the strengthening substructure," failing to achieve a synergistic improvement in strength and ductility.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional heat treatment equipment is typically single-function and cannot efficiently connect ultra-high temperature treatment with rapid cooling processes. If workpieces are transferred to cool outside the furnace after high-temperature treatment, they are prone to thermal stress or oxidation due to drastic temperature changes. On the other hand, slow cooling inside the furnace cannot meet the cooling rate control requirements of specific processes, thus affecting the stability of the process and the reproducibility of the final performance.

[0005] Therefore, for alloys prepared by laser cladding, a new heat treatment process and supporting system are needed that can precisely control the microstructure, retain beneficial substructures while dissolving harmful phases, and has high efficiency and energy saving characteristics. This is of great significance for fully utilizing the material properties and promoting its industrial application. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in current technologies, a heat treatment process and system for laser cladding ceramic-reinforced nickel-based superalloy coatings is provided. This system utilizes a heat treatment process combining ultra-high temperature short-time treatment with integrated rapid air cooling, and is equipped with rapid heat treatment equipment featuring both air-cooled and high-temperature chambers. This solves the problems of difficulty in achieving a balance between strength and plasticity, imprecise microstructure control, and the inability of existing equipment to efficiently and stably achieve seamless integration of high-temperature treatment and rapid cooling processes in laser cladding oxide ceramic dispersion-reinforced nickel-based superalloy coatings, which are inherent issues with traditional heat treatment processes.

[0007] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a heat treatment process and system for laser cladding ceramic-reinforced nickel-based superalloy coatings, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Place the laser-clad oxide ceramic dispersion-strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating in a heat treatment furnace and heat it to 1200-1300℃ at a heating rate of 10-20℃ / min.

[0009] Step two: Hold at 1200-1300℃ for 5-30 minutes for ultra-high temperature short-time treatment;

[0010] Step 3: After the heat preservation is completed, the high-temperature alloy coating is removed from the furnace and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain an oxide ceramic dispersion-strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating with strong plasticity synergistic properties.

[0011] The heat treatment furnace includes: a furnace body, inside which a cooling chamber and a high-temperature chamber are arranged sequentially along a horizontal direction; an inner gate for isolation is provided between the cooling chamber and the high-temperature chamber; an outer gate for isolation from the outside is provided at the end of the cooling chamber away from the high-temperature chamber; and a pair of drainage windows are provided on opposite side walls perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the cooling chamber; an in-furnace conveying mechanism is provided in the furnace body, including a carrier platform that can move between the cooling chamber and the high-temperature chamber, the carrier platform being used to place workpiece racks; a closing assembly is provided at the drainage windows on both sides of the cooling chamber for sealing or opening the drainage windows; and a drainage fan is correspondingly provided at the drainage windows for guiding outside air through the drainage windows laterally across the cooling chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the ceramic-reinforced nickel-based superalloy coating contains a yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, or hafnium dioxide nano-oxide ceramic dispersed phase, with a volume fraction of 0.5-2%.

[0013] Preferably, in step one, the heating rate is 15℃ / min and the heating temperature is 1250℃.

[0014] Preferably, in step two, the heat preservation time is 10-20 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, in step three, the air cooling rate is 50-100°C / min.

[0016] Preferably, in step three, the process further includes aging treatment after air cooling: heating the alloy to 650-750°C, holding it at that temperature for 4-8 hours, and then air cooling it to room temperature.

[0017] Preferably, the aging treatment temperature is 700°C and the holding time is 6 hours.

[0018] Preferably, the in-furnace conveying mechanism further includes: two tracks arranged in parallel at the bottom of the air-cooled cavity and the high-temperature cavity; a base that is horizontally slidably arranged on the two tracks, and a support platform arranged at the top of the base; and a traction conveyor chain arranged in parallel between the two tracks, with the base and the traction conveyor chain fixedly connected.

[0019] Preferably, the four corners of the bottom of the support platform are provided with vertically downward extending sliding columns. The sliding columns are provided with fixed sections, reduced diameter sections and insertion sections with decreasing diameters from top to bottom. The sliding columns penetrate the base downwards, and the fixed sections are clearance-fitted with sliding holes on the base. The heat treatment furnace also includes a top support vibration mechanism, which includes: a top support frame, which is vertically arranged at the bottom of the air-cooling cavity. The top of the top support frame has an insertion hole that clearance-fits with the insertion section of the sliding column; a linear push cylinder, which is arranged at the bottom of the air-cooling cavity. Its output rod is vertically upward and fixedly connected to the bottom of the top support frame; a vibration motor, which is arranged on the top support frame; and a position detection sensor, which is arranged on the top support frame with its detection end facing upwards. The bottom of the base is provided with a detection feedback point that cooperates with the position detection sensor.

[0020] A laser cladding ceramic-strengthened nickel-based superalloy coating heat treatment system includes a heat treatment furnace. The heat treatment furnace includes: a furnace body, in which an air-cooling chamber and a high-temperature chamber are arranged sequentially along a horizontal direction. An inner gate for isolation is provided between the air-cooling chamber and the high-temperature chamber. An outer gate for isolation from the outside is provided at the end of the air-cooling chamber away from the high-temperature chamber. A pair of drainage windows are provided on opposite side walls perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the air-cooling chamber. An in-furnace conveying mechanism is provided in the furnace body, including a carrier platform that can move between the air-cooling chamber and the high-temperature chamber. The carrier platform is used to place workpiece racks. A closing assembly is provided at the drainage windows on both sides of the air-cooling chamber for sealing or opening the drainage windows. A drainage fan is provided at the corresponding drainage windows for guiding outside air through the drainage windows laterally through the air-cooling chamber.

[0021] The advantages of this application compared to the prior art are:

[0022] This application achieves a nickel-based superalloy coating with excellent strength and ductility by subjecting the coating to an ultra-high temperature environment for an extremely short time, followed by air cooling. The ultra-high temperature conditions effectively eliminate the hard and brittle Laves phase formed during laser cladding, while the extremely short processing time helps avoid dislocation annihilation, preserving the dislocation cellular structure beneficial to strength and ductility. Air cooling prevents the formation of additional precipitates during cooling, ensuring that the alloying elements are in a uniform solid solution state, creating conditions for subsequent aging treatment. By maximizing the dissolution of the Laves phase while effectively preserving the dislocation cellular structure, the synergistic strengthening effect of strength and ductility is fully utilized, offering advantages such as energy saving, time saving, and ease of industrial application.

[0023] Secondly, the dedicated integrated chamber heat treatment system combines high-temperature treatment with forced rapid cooling, enabling rapid and sealed transfer between processes. This not only significantly improves heat treatment efficiency and shortens the production cycle, but more importantly, it eliminates the oxidation, contamination, or temperature fluctuations that may occur when workpieces are exposed to air at high temperatures, ensuring process stability and result reproducibility.

[0024] Finally, the transverse convection design of the rapid cooling chamber enhances the uniformity of cooling, helps reduce the internal stress of the workpiece caused by uneven cooling, and further improves the dimensional stability and mechanical property consistency of the processed components. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the heat treatment furnace in the laser cladding ceramic-strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating heat treatment system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the heat treatment furnace in the laser cladding ceramic-strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating heat treatment system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the furnace conveying mechanism in the laser cladding ceramic-reinforced nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating heat treatment system of the present invention, viewed from a first perspective.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the furnace conveying mechanism in the laser cladding ceramic-reinforced nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating heat treatment system of the present invention, viewed from a second perspective.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace conveying mechanism in the heat treatment system for laser cladding ceramic-strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating of the present invention in a stationary state in the air-cooling chamber.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace conveying mechanism in the air-cooled cavity under vibration state in the heat treatment system of laser cladding ceramic-strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of part A.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the air-cooled cavity of the heat treatment furnace in the laser cladding ceramic-strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating heat treatment system of the present invention.

[0033] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Furnace body; 11. Air-cooled cavity; 12. High-temperature cavity; 13. Inner gate; 14. Outer gate; 2. Inner conveying mechanism; 21. Support platform; 211. Sliding column; 2111. Fixed section; 2112. Reducing diameter section; 2113. Insertion section; 22. Track; 23. Base; 24. Traction conveyor chain; 3. Closing assembly; 4. Drainage fan; 51. Top support; 52. Linear push cylinder; 53. Vibration motor; 54. Position detection sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the heat treatment process and system for laser cladding ceramic-reinforced nickel-based superalloy coatings is characterized by including the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Place the laser-clad oxide ceramic dispersion-strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating in a heat treatment furnace and heat it to 1200-1300℃ at a heating rate of 10-20℃ / min.

[0037] Step two: Hold at 1200-1300℃ for 5-30 minutes for ultra-high temperature short-time treatment;

[0038] Step 3: After the heat preservation is completed, the high-temperature alloy coating is removed from the furnace and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain an oxide ceramic dispersion-strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating with strong plasticity synergistic properties.

[0039] The heat treatment furnace includes: a furnace body 1, inside which a cooling chamber 11 and a high-temperature chamber 12 are arranged sequentially along the horizontal direction. An inner gate 13 for isolation is provided between the cooling chamber 11 and the high-temperature chamber 12. An outer gate 14 for isolation from the outside is provided at the end of the cooling chamber 11 away from the high-temperature chamber 12. The cooling chamber 11 has a pair of drainage windows on opposite side walls perpendicular to the horizontal direction. A furnace conveying mechanism 2 is provided inside the furnace body 1, including a carrier platform 21 that can move between the cooling chamber 11 and the high-temperature chamber 12. The carrier platform 21 is used to place workpiece racks. A closing assembly 3 is provided at the drainage windows on both sides of the cooling chamber 11 for sealing or opening the drainage windows. A drainage fan 4 is provided at the corresponding drainage windows for guiding outside air through the drainage windows and laterally through the cooling chamber 11.

[0040] Closure component 3 includes, but is not limited to, motorized louvers installed in the drainage window.

[0041] By employing a specific process that combines ultra-high temperature short-time treatment with controlled rapid cooling, the microstructure of laser-clad ceramic-reinforced nickel-based superalloy coatings is precisely controlled, thereby achieving a synergistic improvement in both strength and plasticity. This process specifically includes the following heat treatment stages:

[0042] First, the high-temperature alloy coating formed by laser cladding technology is transferred to a special heat treatment furnace and uniformly heated to the ultra-high temperature range according to the set heating program.

[0043] Subsequently, a short-term heat treatment is carried out at ultra-high temperature. This stage aims to optimize the metastable structure formed during the melting and solidification process, promote the uniform distribution of the strengthening phase, and inhibit excessive grain growth.

[0044] Finally, a rapid cooling process is immediately implemented after the heat preservation is completed, so that the high-temperature alloy coating is cooled to room temperature in a specific manner, thereby locking in the optimized microstructure and ultimately obtaining alloy parts with significantly improved comprehensive mechanical properties.

[0045] To achieve the above process, an integrated heat treatment system is used. The furnace body 1 is horizontally divided into a high-temperature treatment chamber and a rapid cooling chamber, each with independent functions. The two chambers are separated by an inner gate 13 that can be sealed and opened, while the rapid cooling chamber has an outer gate 14 that isolates it from the outside environment. A pair of air exchange windows are provided on two opposite side walls of the rapid cooling chamber, perpendicular to the horizontal direction.

[0046] The system also includes an in-furnace conveying mechanism 2, which has a carrier platform 21 that can move between the high-temperature processing chamber and the rapid cooling chamber for carrying and transferring the workpiece rack.

[0047] At each drainage window of the rapid cooling chamber, a controllable closing component 3 is installed to seal or open the window when needed. At the same time, a drainage fan 4 is installed on the outside of each drainage window. When the window is open, the fan operates to guide external air to penetrate laterally through the entire rapid cooling chamber, forming forced convection and achieving uniform and efficient cooling of the workpiece.

[0048] At the start of heat treatment, the rack carrying the workpiece is placed in the high-temperature treatment chamber via the furnace conveyor mechanism 2. After closing the inner gate 13, outer gate 14, and drainage window closing assembly 3, the system heats up according to the set program and completes ultra-high temperature short-term heat preservation. During this stage, a uniform thermal field is formed in the high-temperature chamber 12, optimizing the microstructure of the workpiece.

[0049] After the heat preservation stage, the furnace conveyor 2 is activated, rapidly moving the carrier platform 21 along with the high-temperature workpiece to the rapid cooling chamber. Subsequently, the inner gate 13 closes to isolate the heat from the high-temperature chamber 12. At this time, the outer gate 14 of the rapid cooling chamber and the closing components 3 of the two side drainage windows open, and the drainage fan 4 is activated. Driven by the fan, outside cold air flows laterally at high speed across the workpiece surface, carrying away a large amount of heat, achieving rapid and uniform forced air cooling of the workpiece until it approaches room temperature.

[0050] The entire process is controlled by a program, achieving a seamless and automatic connection between high-temperature treatment and rapid cooling within a closed system.

[0051] The ceramic-reinforced nickel-based superalloy coating contains yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, or hafnium dioxide nano-oxide ceramic dispersed phases, with a volume fraction of 0.5-2%.

[0052] In step one, the heating rate is 15℃ / min and the heating temperature is 1250℃.

[0053] In step two, the heat preservation time is 10-20 minutes.

[0054] In step three, the air cooling rate is 50-100℃ / min.

[0055] In step three, the process also includes aging treatment after air cooling: the alloy is heated to 650-750℃, held for 4-8 hours, and then air cooled to room temperature.

[0056] The aging treatment was performed at a temperature of 700°C for 6 hours.

[0057] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the furnace conveying mechanism 2 also includes: two tracks 22, which are arranged in parallel at the bottom of the air-cooled chamber 11 and the high-temperature chamber 12; a base 23, which is horizontally slidably arranged on the two tracks 22, and a support platform 21 is arranged at the top of the base 23; and a traction conveying chain 24, which is arranged in parallel between the two tracks 22, and the base 23 is fixedly connected to the traction conveying chain 24.

[0058] Before the heat treatment process begins, the rack containing the workpiece is placed on the carrier platform 21 and moved as a whole into the high-temperature chamber 12 via the furnace conveying mechanism 2. Subsequently, both the inner gate 13 and the outer gate 14 are closed, and the drainage window is sealed by the closing assembly 3, forming a closed heat treatment environment. The system controls the temperature rise according to a preset program to perform the ultra-high temperature short-time treatment on the workpiece.

[0059] After the heat preservation stage is completed, the furnace conveying mechanism 2 is immediately started. Specifically, the traction conveyor chain 24 starts to run under the drive of the drive device. Through its fixed connection with the base 23, it smoothly pulls the base 23 and the carrier platform 21 above it to slide along the track 22, so as to quickly and accurately transfer the workpiece in the high temperature state along with the material rack from the high temperature chamber 12 to the adjacent air cooling chamber 11.

[0060] After the workpiece is in place, the inner gate 13 immediately closes to isolate the heat source of the high-temperature chamber 12. At this time, the rapid cooling program is initiated: the closing components 3 of the drainage windows on both sides of the air-cooled chamber 11 open simultaneously, and the outer gate 14 can be opened if necessary, while the corresponding drainage fan 4 is activated. Driven by the fan, the outside air forms a high-speed transverse airflow that penetrates the entire air-cooled chamber 11, providing uniform and efficient forced convection cooling to the high-temperature workpiece until it approaches room temperature. The entire cooling process is completed within a sealed and controllable chamber.

[0061] like Figures 3-7 As shown, the four corners of the bottom of the support platform 21 are provided with vertically downward extending sliding columns 211. The sliding columns 211 are provided with a fixed section 2111, a reduced diameter section 2112, and an insertion section 2113 with decreasing diameter from top to bottom. The sliding columns 211 penetrate the base 23 downward, and the fixed section 2111 is clearance-fitted with the sliding hole on the base 23. The heat treatment furnace also includes a top support vibration mechanism, which includes a top support frame 51, which is vertically arranged in the air-cooling cavity. The top of the top bracket 51 at the bottom of the air-cooled cavity 11 is provided with a plug hole that fits with the plug section 2113 of the sliding column 211 with clearance; the linear push cylinder 52 is located at the bottom of the air-cooled cavity 11, and its output rod is vertically upward and fixedly connected to the bottom of the top bracket 51; the vibration motor 53 is located on the top bracket 51; the position detection sensor 54 is located on the top bracket 51 with its detection end facing upward, and the bottom of the base 23 is provided with a detection feedback point that cooperates with the position detection sensor 54.

[0062] When the furnace conveying mechanism 2 moves the carrier platform 21 carrying the high-temperature workpiece to the designated cooling position in the air-cooling chamber 11, the position detection sensor 54 senses the detection feedback point on the base 23 and sends out a positioning signal.

[0063] The traction conveyor chain 24 stops moving the base 23, and the system then controls the linear push cylinder 52 to move, driving the top support 51 to rise smoothly. As the top support 51 rises, the insertion holes on its top will align and engage with the insertion sections 2113 of the sliding column 211 one by one, thereby smoothly lifting and supporting the entire carrier platform 21 and the workpiece on it from the base 23. At the same time or shortly thereafter, the vibration motor 53 starts, transmitting controllable, uniform micro-amplitude vibrations through the top support 51 and the sliding column 211 to the entire carrier platform 21 and the workpiece. This vibration treatment can be carried out simultaneously during the continuous forced air cooling process. After cooling is completed, the linear push cylinder 52 descends and resets, and the carrier platform 21 falls back to the base 23 so that the conveying mechanism can remove it.

[0064] Introducing controllable mechanical vibration simultaneously during the forced air cooling stage helps break up any stable gas film layer that may form on the workpiece surface, enhancing the heat exchange efficiency between the cold air and the workpiece surface, resulting in more uniform and rapid cooling. Simultaneously, micro-vibration can apply energy during the alloy's cooling phase transformation process, potentially refining grains, reducing internal stress, and promoting microstructure homogenization, thereby further improving the material's overall performance.

[0065] When the linear pusher cylinder 52 drives the top support 51 to rise, allowing the insertion section 2113 of the sliding column 211 to enter the insertion hole, the top support 51 continues to rise until it completely lifts the entire carrier platform 21 and the workpiece on it. In this state, the reduced diameter section 2112 of the sliding column 211 is located precisely in the sliding hole area of ​​the base 23. Since the diameter of the reduced diameter section 2112 is significantly smaller than the diameter of the sliding hole, a non-contact state is formed between the two, thus physically achieving vibration isolation. At this time, the micro-amplitude mechanical vibration generated by the vibration motor 53 can be effectively transmitted to the carrier platform 21 and the workpiece through the top support 51 and the sliding column 211, but for the base 23, track 22, and even the traction conveyor chain 24 below, the vibration energy is greatly attenuated or blocked, avoiding the long-term potential impact of vibration on the key transmission components of the furnace conveying mechanism 2.

[0066] When the cooling and vibration treatment processes are completed, the linear pusher 52 drives the top support 51 to descend and reset, and the carrier platform 21 descends smoothly accordingly. As the top support 51 descends to its initial position, the fixed section 2111 of the sliding column 211 is precisely re-inserted and fitted into the sliding hole of the base 23. The clearance fit between the fixed section 2111 and the sliding hole restores a stable guiding connection between the carrier platform 21 and the base 23, ensuring that the entire carrier platform 21 system has sufficient rigidity, stability, and positioning accuracy when subsequently driven horizontally by the traction conveyor chain 24, thus guaranteeing the safety, smoothness, and reliability of the workpiece transfer process.

[0067] like Figures 1-8As shown, a laser cladding ceramic-reinforced nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating heat treatment system includes a heat treatment furnace. The heat treatment furnace includes: a furnace body 1, inside which a cooling chamber 11 and a high-temperature chamber 12 are arranged sequentially along the horizontal direction. An inner gate 13 for isolation is provided between the cooling chamber 11 and the high-temperature chamber 12. An outer gate 14 for isolation from the outside is provided at the end of the cooling chamber 11 away from the high-temperature chamber 12. The cooling chamber 11 has a pair of drainage windows on opposite side walls perpendicular to the horizontal direction. A furnace conveying mechanism 2 is arranged inside the furnace body 1, including a carrier platform 21 that can move between the cooling chamber 11 and the high-temperature chamber 12. The carrier platform 21 is used to place workpiece racks. A closing assembly 3 is arranged at the drainage windows on both sides of the cooling chamber 11 for sealing or opening the drainage windows. A drainage fan 4 is arranged correspondingly at the drainage windows for guiding outside air through the drainage windows and laterally through the cooling chamber 11.

[0068] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A heat treatment process for laser cladding ceramic strengthened nickel-based superalloy coating characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, place the laser cladding ceramic reinforced nickel-based superalloy coating in a heat treatment furnace, heat to 1200-1300℃ at a heating rate of 10-20℃ / min; Step 2, perform ultra-high temperature short-time treatment at 1200-1300℃ for 5-30 minutes; Step 3, after the holding period, take the nickel-based superalloy coating out of the furnace and air cool to room temperature to obtain an oxide ceramic dispersion strengthened nickel-based superalloy coating with strong plasticity synergy; The heat treatment furnace comprises: A furnace body, the inside of which is sequentially provided with a forced air cooling chamber and a high temperature chamber in the horizontal direction, an inner gate is arranged between the forced air cooling chamber and the high temperature chamber for partitioning, an outer gate is arranged at the end of the forced air cooling chamber away from the high temperature chamber, and a pair of drainage windows are formed in the opposite two side walls perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the forced air cooling chamber; A furnace conveying mechanism is arranged in the furnace body and comprises a carrier table capable of moving between the forced air cooling chamber and the high temperature chamber, and the carrier table is used for placing a workpiece rack; A closing assembly is arranged at the two drainage windows of the forced air cooling chamber and is used for sealing or opening the drainage windows; A drainage fan is correspondingly arranged at the drainage window and is used for guiding external air to pass through the forced air cooling chamber laterally through the drainage window; In step 3, the cooling rate of the air cooling is 50-100℃ / min; The furnace conveying mechanism further comprises: Two tracks are arranged in parallel at the bottom of the forced air cooling chamber and the high temperature chamber; A base is arranged to slide horizontally on the two tracks, and the carrier table is arranged at the top end of the base; A traction conveying chain is arranged in parallel between the two tracks, and the base is fixedly connected with the traction conveying chain; Four vertical downward extending sliding columns are arranged at the bottom end of the carrier table, the sliding columns are sequentially provided with a fixed section, a reduced diameter section and a plug-in section in descending order of diameter from top to bottom, the sliding columns penetrate downward through the base, and the fixed section is in clearance fit with a sliding hole on the base; The heat treatment furnace further comprises a top support vibration mechanism, which comprises: A top support is arranged vertically at the bottom of the forced air cooling chamber, and a plug-in hole is formed in the top of the top support in clearance fit with the plug-in section of the sliding column; A linear push cylinder is arranged at the bottom end of the forced air cooling chamber, and the output rod of the linear push cylinder is vertically upward and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the top support; A vibration motor is arranged on the top support; 2. The laser cladding ceramic strengthened nickel-based superalloy coating heat treatment process of claim 1, wherein, A position detection sensor is arranged on the top support, and the detection end of the position detection sensor faces upward, and the bottom end of the base is provided with a detection feedback point in fit with the position detection sensor.

3. The laser cladding ceramic strengthened nickel-based superalloy coating heat treatment process of claim 1, wherein, The ceramic reinforced nickel-based superalloy coating contains yttrium trioxide, aluminum trioxide or hafnium dioxide nano oxide ceramic dispersion phase, and the volume fraction is 0.5-2%.

4. The laser cladding ceramic strengthened nickel-based superalloy coating heat treatment process of claim 1, wherein, In step 1, the heating rate is 15℃ / min, and the heating temperature is 1250℃.

5. The process for heat treatment of laser cladded ceramic strengthened nickel- based superalloy coating according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, In step 2, the holding time is 10-20 minutes.

6. The laser cladding ceramic strengthened nickel-based superalloy coating heat treatment process of claim 5, wherein, In step 3, the process further comprises aging treatment after air cooling: heating the alloy to 650-750℃, holding for 4-8 hours, and then air cooling to room temperature.

7. A system for heat treatment of laser cladded ceramic strengthened nickel-based superalloy coating characterized in that, The aging treatment temperature is 700℃, and the holding time is 6 hours. The heat treatment furnace comprises: The furnace body is internally provided with a wind cooling chamber and a high temperature chamber in sequence along the horizontal direction, an inner gate is arranged between the wind cooling chamber and the high temperature chamber for partition, an outer gate is arranged at one end of the wind cooling chamber away from the high temperature chamber and capable of partitioning with the outside, and a pair of drainage windows are arranged on the opposite two side walls of the wind cooling chamber in the vertical direction; The furnace conveying mechanism is arranged in the furnace body and includes a carrier table capable of moving between the wind cooling chamber and the high temperature chamber, and the carrier table is used for placing a workpiece rack; The closing assembly is arranged at the two side drainage windows of the wind cooling chamber and used for sealing or opening the drainage windows; The drainage fan is correspondingly arranged at the drainage window and used for guiding the outside air to pass through the wind cooling chamber through the drainage window; The furnace conveying mechanism further includes: Two tracks are arranged in parallel at the bottom of the wind cooling chamber and the high temperature chamber; The base is arranged in horizontal sliding on the two tracks, and the carrier table is arranged at the top end of the base; The traction conveying chain is arranged in parallel between the two tracks, and the base is fixedly connected with the traction conveying chain; The bottom end of the carrier table is provided with a sliding column extending vertically downward, the sliding column is sequentially provided with a fixed section, a reduced section and a plug-in section with decreasing diameters from top to bottom, the sliding column penetrates downward through the base, and the fixed section is in clearance fit with a sliding hole on the base; The heat treatment furnace further includes a top support vibration mechanism, the top support vibration mechanism includes: A top support is arranged in the vertical direction at the bottom of the wind cooling chamber, and the top of the top support is provided with a plug-in hole in clearance fit with the plug-in section of the sliding column; A linear push cylinder is arranged at the bottom end of the wind cooling chamber, and the output rod of the linear push cylinder is vertically upward and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the top support; A vibration motor is arranged on the top support; A position detection sensor is arranged on the top support, and the detection end of the position detection sensor faces upward, and the bottom end of the base is provided with a detection feedback point in fit with the position detection sensor.

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