Fabricated farm house and on-site full-formwork-free construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an assembly type farm house and an on-site full-formwork-free construction method thereof, belongs to the technical field of farm house construction, and solves the problems of low efficiency, poor quality or high cost caused by a formwork cast-in-place procedure in traditional farm house construction in the prior art, or the problem of potential safety hazards or high cost existing in heating of an existing farm house. The fabricated rural house is provided with at least one layer and comprises an outer bearing wall, an inner bearing wall and constructional columns which are all of on-site full-formwork-free construction. The inner load-bearing wall is arranged in a space defined by the outer load-bearing walls, and window holes are formed in the two parallel outer load-bearing walls; the constructional columns are arranged at the ends of the outer bearing walls, the connecting portions of the outer bearing walls and the inner bearing walls, the corners of the space defined by the outer bearing walls and the two sides of the window opening. According to the method, on-site full-mold-free building is achieved, the construction efficiency is improved, part of components are prefabricated firstly and then subjected to on-site full-mold-free cast-in-place, the on-site construction quality is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rural housing construction technology, and in particular to a prefabricated rural house and its on-site fully formwork-free construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, rural housing construction in my country still predominantly uses traditional cast-in-place or brick-concrete structures, making earthquake safety a particularly prominent issue. Rural housing construction is often undertaken by temporary local construction teams, lacking standardized construction procedures and professional technical training. Core processes such as rebar tying, concrete pouring, and joint anchoring rely entirely on individual worker experience, making it difficult to guarantee standardized operation. To reduce costs, some construction teams also cut corners and use substandard materials, resulting in poor structural integrity and weak lateral displacement resistance in rural houses. In the event of natural disasters such as earthquakes, these houses are prone to wall cracking, component detachment, or even complete collapse, seriously threatening the lives and property of residents. Furthermore, on-site construction is greatly affected by weather and environmental factors, with long construction periods and high difficulty in quality control, further exacerbating the safety hazards of rural houses.

[0003] To improve building quality and construction efficiency, prefabricated modular construction has been gradually promoted as an industrialized construction method. Prefabricated modular construction, with its advantages of standardized factory production and precise quality control, has been widely used in urban construction. Its components meet stringent testing standards for strength, dimensional accuracy, and durability, effectively solving the problem of uneven on-site construction quality. However, the high integration and heavy weight of fully prefabricated components (such as prefabricated wall panels and composite beams, which often weigh several tons) place extremely high demands on transportation and hoisting equipment. Rural areas generally face limited road conditions; rural roads are narrow, have small turning radii, and insufficient load-bearing capacity. Some sections also have restrictions on the height and width of bridges and culverts, making it difficult for large transport vehicles to pass smoothly. Furthermore, rural housing sites are often scattered throughout villages, with limited space and numerous obstacles, making the entry, erection, and operation of large cranes extremely difficult, significantly increasing construction costs and posing high safety risks. Furthermore, the scattered distribution and small scale of rural projects also restrict the large-scale application of industrialized components, causing traditional prefabrication methods to face difficulties in rural construction. This further limits their promotion and application in rural settings, making it difficult to fully leverage the quality advantages of prefabricated components in rural housing construction. Meanwhile, rural areas currently lack centralized heating, and farmers with heating needs generally choose electric blankets, electric heaters, or air conditioners. However, electric blankets and heaters pose safety hazards, while air conditioning is expensive due to high electricity costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a prefabricated, formwork-free farmhouse and its construction method, in order to solve the problems of low efficiency, poor quality, or high cost caused by the formwork and on-site pouring process in the traditional construction of existing farmhouses, or the problems of safety hazards or high costs in the heating of existing farmhouses.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a prefabricated farmhouse, which has at least one floor and includes external load-bearing walls, internal load-bearing walls and structural columns, all of which are constructed on-site without formwork.

[0006] The inner load-bearing wall is located in the space enclosed by the outer load-bearing wall, and window openings are provided on the two parallel outer load-bearing walls.

[0007] The structural columns are located at the ends of the outer load-bearing wall, at the junction of the outer load-bearing wall and the inner load-bearing wall, at the corners of the space enclosed by the outer load-bearing wall, and on both sides of the window opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the external load-bearing wall includes a first steel mesh formwork, an insulation layer, and a first cast-in-place concrete layer. The insulation layer is arranged parallel to the two first steel mesh formworks, and the first cast-in-place concrete layer is located between the first steel mesh formwork and the insulation layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the external load-bearing wall also includes a first steel reinforcement cage, which is disposed in the first cast-in-place concrete layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner load-bearing wall includes a second steel mesh mold and a second cast-in-place concrete layer, with the two second steel mesh molds respectively located on both sides of the second cast-in-place concrete layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner load-bearing wall also includes a second steel reinforcement cage, which is disposed in the second cast-in-place concrete layer.

[0012] Furthermore, both the first and second reinforcing steel cages are formed by welding double-layer reinforcing steel mesh.

[0013] Furthermore, the first steel mesh mold, the insulation layer, and the first steel reinforcement skeleton are all prefabricated components in the factory.

[0014] Furthermore, both the second steel mesh mold and the second steel reinforcement skeleton are prefabricated components in the factory.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a partition wall, the two ends of which are connected to the outer load-bearing wall and the inner load-bearing wall, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the first steel mesh mold serves as the permanent formwork for the cast-in-place concrete of the outer load-bearing wall; the second steel mesh mold serves as the permanent formwork for the cast-in-place concrete of the inner load-bearing wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the structural column includes a steel reinforcement cage, a concrete cylinder, a cast-in-place concrete column, and longitudinal connecting bars. The cast-in-place concrete column is located in the concrete cylinder, the longitudinal reinforcing bars are located in the cast-in-place concrete column, and the transverse bars of the steel reinforcement cage extend from the side of the structural column.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a floor slab, which is perpendicular to the outer load-bearing wall and the inner load-bearing wall; the floor slab uses a cement pressure board as the bottom formwork floor deck.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes ring beams, which are located at the top or floor level of all external load-bearing walls and internal load-bearing walls, with the steel mesh formwork of the external load-bearing walls or the internal load-bearing walls serving as the template for the ring beams and the floor slabs.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for on-site, fully modular construction of farmhouses, which can be used for the construction of the aforementioned prefabricated farmhouses.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The prefabricated farmhouse of the present invention includes an external load-bearing wall, a space enclosed by the external load-bearing wall, and structural columns. The structural columns are located at the ends of the external load-bearing wall, at the corners of the space enclosed by the external load-bearing wall, and on both sides of the large window opening. The external load-bearing wall, the internal load-bearing wall, and the structural columns are all cast on site without formwork, realizing on-site construction without formwork, improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, the components of the external load-bearing wall, the internal load-bearing wall, and the structural columns are first prefabricated in the factory and then cast on site without formwork, eliminating the need for large transport vehicles, significantly reducing construction costs, and improving on-site construction quality.

[0023] (2) The external load-bearing wall of the present invention consists of a first steel mesh formwork, a first cast-in-place concrete layer, and an insulation layer, arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The first reinforcing steel frame is located within the first cast-in-place concrete layer, and the first steel mesh formwork is set on the outside of the first reinforcing steel frame. This first steel mesh formwork serves as a permanent template for the first cast-in-place concrete layer during on-site construction, resulting in lower costs. This achieves formwork-free construction on-site and effectively controls costs. Furthermore, by placing the insulation layer between the two first cast-in-place concrete layers, rather than the traditional method of placing insulation material outside the concrete layer, the fire resistance of the external load-bearing wall can be effectively improved while ensuring insulation performance. This reduces the stringent requirements for insulation materials, allowing for the selection of insulation materials according to local conditions, further saving costs and achieving better economic efficiency.

[0024] (3) The structural column of the present invention has vertical structural steel bars and outward connecting steel bars. The connecting steel bars can overlap with the steel bars of the wall and form an integral whole after the concrete is poured. The direction of the steel bars extending depends on the location of the structural column. It can be steel bars extending from one side, or steel bars extending from both sides or three sides. These methods can be standardized by making molds in the factory and processing standardized components. The structural column has a continuous hole in the middle to facilitate the insertion of vertical connecting steel bars into the hole on site and filling the hole with concrete to complete the vertical connection. It can achieve the purpose of mold-free installation with both the outer load-bearing wall and the inner load-bearing wall.

[0025] (4) In this invention, ring beams are installed at the top of all walls or at each floor level. The ring beams and structural columns form the main seismic defense line, integrating all components into a whole to jointly resist the horizontal seismic force. The longitudinal steel bars in the middle of the structural columns run through the vertical direction of the building structure, and the steel bars of the ring beams are anchored into the structural columns to form a reliable tie. The steel mesh formwork of the lower wall extends upwards and is coordinated with the formwork of other components to achieve the effect of formwork-free concrete pouring for the ring beams. The floor slab uses a cement pressure board as the bottom formwork of the steel truss floor deck, avoiding the disadvantages of ordinary metal bottom formwork, which is prone to rust and poses fire hazards, making it unsuitable for residential projects. At the same time, the cement pressure board has good flatness, and the bottom of the board can achieve the effect of plaster-free. By anchoring the steel bars of the floor slab into the ring beams, the concrete of the lower wall, ring beams, and floor slabs can be poured at one time, improving the overall construction efficiency.

[0026] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plan structure of a prefabricated farmhouse according to a specific embodiment;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the external load-bearing wall in a specific embodiment;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the internal load-bearing wall in a specific embodiment;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the location and structure of the first structural column in a specific embodiment;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the location and structure of the second structural column in a specific embodiment;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the location and structure of the third structural column in a specific embodiment;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the location and structure of the fourth structural column in a specific embodiment;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the external load-bearing walls, floor slabs and ring beams of a prefabricated farmhouse with two or more floors, as shown in a specific embodiment.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the internal load-bearing walls, floor slabs and ring beams of a prefabricated farmhouse with two or more floors, as shown in a specific embodiment.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the external load-bearing walls, floor slabs and ring beams of a single-story prefabricated farmhouse in a specific embodiment.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the internal load-bearing walls, floor slabs, and ring beams of a single-story prefabricated farmhouse, as shown in a specific embodiment.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 1-External load-bearing wall; 11-First steel mesh formwork; 12-Insulation layer; 13-First cast-in-place concrete layer; 14-First steel reinforcement cage; 2-Internal load-bearing wall; 21-Second steel mesh formwork; 22-Second cast-in-place concrete layer; 23-Second steel reinforcement cage;

[0041] 3-Structural column; 31-First structural column; 311-Third reinforcing cage; 3111-First transverse reinforcement; 3112-First longitudinal reinforcement; 3113-First stirrup; 312-First concrete cylinder; 313-First cast-in-place concrete column; 314-First longitudinal reinforcement; 32-Second structural column; 321-Fourth reinforcing cage; 3211-Second transverse reinforcement; 3212-Second longitudinal reinforcement; 3213-Second stirrup; 322-Second concrete cylinder; 323-Second cast-in-place concrete column; 324-Second longitudinal reinforcement Reinforcing bars; 33-Third structural column; 331-Fifth reinforcing bar cage; 3311-Third transverse reinforcement; 3312-Third longitudinal reinforcement; 3313-Third stirrup; 332-Third concrete cylinder; 333-Third cast-in-place concrete column; 334-Third longitudinal reinforcement; 34-Fourth structural column; 341-Sixth reinforcing bar cage; 3411-Fourth transverse reinforcement; 3412-Fourth longitudinal reinforcement; 3413-Fourth stirrup; 342-Fourth concrete cylinder; 343-Fourth cast-in-place concrete column; 344-Fourth longitudinal reinforcement;

[0042] 4-Floor slab; 41-Floor deck; 42-Steel truss; 43-Third cast-in-place concrete layer; 5-Ring beam; 51-Seventh steel reinforcement cage; 52-Fifth cast-in-place concrete column; 6-Partition wall; 101-Door opening; 102-Window opening. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Considering the problems of poor quality, high cost, or low efficiency caused by the use of prefabrication or on-site formwork and cast-in-place concrete in the construction of existing rural houses, a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a prefabricated farmhouse is disclosed. The prefabricated farmhouse has at least one floor and includes an outer load-bearing wall 1, an inner load-bearing wall 2, and structural columns 3. The inner load-bearing wall 2 is located in the space enclosed by the outer load-bearing wall 1. Door openings 101 and / or window openings 102 are provided on the two parallel outer load-bearing walls 1. The structural columns 3 are located at the ends of the outer load-bearing walls 1, the junction of the outer load-bearing walls 1 and the inner load-bearing walls 2, the corners of the space enclosed by the outer load-bearing walls 1, and both sides of the window openings 102. The outer load-bearing walls 1, the inner load-bearing walls 2, and the structural columns 3 are all constructed on-site without formwork.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the prefabricated farmhouse provided in this embodiment has at least one floor. The prefabricated farmhouse includes an outer load-bearing wall 1, a space enclosed by the outer load-bearing wall 1, and structural columns 3. The structural columns 3 are located at the ends of the outer load-bearing wall 1, at the corners of the space enclosed by the outer load-bearing wall 1, and on both sides of the large window opening 102. The outer load-bearing wall 1, the inner load-bearing wall 2, and the structural columns 3 are all cast on site without formwork, realizing on-site construction without formwork, improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, the components of the outer load-bearing wall 1, the inner load-bearing wall 2, and the structural columns 3 are first prefabricated in the factory and then cast on site without formwork, eliminating the need for large transport vehicles, significantly reducing construction costs, and improving on-site construction quality.

[0047] It should be noted that the roof of a prefabricated farmhouse can be flat (i.e., a single-story house) or ridged (i.e., a ridged house).

[0048] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the external load-bearing wall 1 includes a first steel mesh formwork 11, an insulation layer 12, and a first cast-in-place concrete layer 13. The first steel mesh formwork 11 serves as a permanent template for the cast-in-place concrete during on-site construction. Two first steel mesh formworks 11 are provided, with the insulation layer 12 arranged parallel between the two first steel mesh formworks 11. A gap exists between the insulation layer 12 and the first steel mesh formwork 11, which is used for on-site concrete pouring to form the first cast-in-place concrete layer 13. In other words, the two first cast-in-place concrete layers 13 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the insulation layer 12, and the first steel mesh formwork 11 is located on the outside of the first cast-in-place concrete layer 13.

[0049] The insulation layer 12 can be made of various insulation materials according to energy-saving requirements. For example, the insulation layer 12 can be polyurethane foam, EPS (molded polystyrene foam), XPS (extruded polystyrene foam), phenolic foam, or rock wool. The insulation layer 12 can also be made of vacuum insulation board, aerogel, etc., which have better insulation performance.

[0050] It should be noted that many parts of the external load-bearing wall 1 need to achieve a high fire resistance rating, but there are not many materials that can fully meet the requirements. It is necessary to add some fire-resistant structures or use high fire-resistant materials in some areas to meet the requirements. In this embodiment, the structure of sandwiching the insulation layer 12 between two layers of concrete (the first cast-in-place concrete layer 13) can effectively improve the fire resistance of the external load-bearing wall 1. This also makes the selection of insulation materials less picky, and local materials can be selected according to local conditions to achieve better economic efficiency.

[0051] In order to improve the structural strength and seismic performance of the external load-bearing wall 1, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the external load-bearing wall 1 also includes a first steel reinforcement frame 14, which is located in the first cast-in-place concrete layer 13. That is, before the first cast-in-place concrete layer 13 is poured on site, the first steel reinforcement frame 14 is placed between the first steel mesh mold 11 and the insulation layer 12. After the concrete is poured between the first steel mesh mold 11 and the insulation layer 12, the first cast-in-place concrete layer 13 with the first steel reinforcement frame 14 is formed.

[0052] Preferably, the first reinforcing steel frame 14 is formed by welding two layers of reinforcing steel mesh.

[0053] It is worth noting that the first steel mesh mold 11, the insulation layer 12 and the first steel reinforcement frame 14 are all prefabricated in the factory. The first steel mesh mold 11, the insulation layer 12 and the first steel reinforcement frame 14 are transported to the site for construction and concrete is poured to form the external load-bearing wall 1.

[0054] In this embodiment, the components of the external load-bearing wall 1 (first steel mesh formwork 11, insulation layer 12, and first reinforcing steel frame 14) are all prefabricated in the factory. From the outside in, the external load-bearing wall 1 consists of the first steel mesh formwork 11, the first cast-in-place concrete layer 13, and the insulation layer 12. The first reinforcing steel frame 14 is located within the first cast-in-place concrete layer 13. The first steel mesh formwork 11 is set outside the first reinforcing steel frame 14. This first steel mesh formwork 11 serves as a permanent template for the first cast-in-place concrete layer 13 during on-site construction, resulting in lower costs. This achieves formwork-free construction on-site and effectively controls costs. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the external load-bearing wall 1 incorporates the insulation layer 12 within the wall itself, placing it between the two first cast-in-place concrete layers 13, rather than the traditional method of placing insulation material outside the concrete layer. This effectively improves the fire resistance of the external load-bearing wall 1 while ensuring insulation performance, reduces the stringent requirements for insulation materials, allows for the selection of insulation materials according to local conditions, further saves costs, and achieves better economic efficiency.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first steel mesh mold 11, the insulation layer 12, and the first steel reinforcement frame 14 are all manufactured in the factory. Such components are lightweight, easy to transport and install, and make it very easy to build houses in rural areas with narrow roads and limited space. The entire component does not require additional formwork during on-site casting; the concrete can be poured directly. The built-in insulation layer 12 ensures that the components of the external load-bearing wall 1 not only serve as structural load-bearing and earthquake resistance but also integrate insulation performance, making insulation and wall structure integrated, thus meeting the energy-saving requirements of the external load-bearing wall 1.

[0056] Considering that the second load-bearing wall has no insulation requirements, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the inner load-bearing wall 2 includes a second steel mesh formwork 21 and a second cast-in-place concrete layer 22. The second steel mesh formwork 21 serves as a permanent formwork for the cast-in-place concrete during on-site construction. There are two second steel mesh formworks 21, which are respectively located on both sides of the second cast-in-place concrete layer 22, that is, the second steel mesh formwork 21 is located on the outside of the second cast-in-place concrete layer 22.

[0057] In order to improve the structural strength and seismic performance of the inner load-bearing wall 2, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the inner load-bearing wall 2 also includes a second steel reinforcement cage 23, which is located in the second cast-in-place concrete layer 22. That is, before the second cast-in-place concrete layer 22 is poured on site, the second steel reinforcement cage 23 is placed between two second steel mesh molds 21. After the concrete is poured between the two second steel mesh molds 21, a second cast-in-place concrete layer 22 with the second steel reinforcement cage 23 is formed.

[0058] Preferably, the second reinforcing steel frame 23 is formed by welding two layers of reinforcing steel mesh.

[0059] It should be noted that the second steel mesh mold 21 and the second steel reinforcement cage 23 are both processed in the factory (i.e., prefabricated). The second steel mesh mold 21 and the second steel reinforcement cage 23 are transported to the site for construction. After the concrete is poured, the inner load-bearing wall 2 is formed.

[0060] In this embodiment, the components of the inner load-bearing wall 2 (the second steel mesh formwork 21 and the second steel reinforcement frame 23) are all prefabricated in the factory. The inner load-bearing wall 2 has a sandwich structure, that is, two layers of second steel mesh formwork 21 sandwich a second cast-in-place concrete layer 22. The second steel reinforcement frame 23 is located in the second cast-in-place concrete layer 22. The second steel mesh formwork 21 is set on the outside of the second steel reinforcement frame 23. The second steel mesh formwork 21 serves as a permanent formwork for the second cast-in-place concrete layer 22 during on-site construction. Its cost is low, which not only realizes on-site formwork-free construction, but also effectively controls costs.

[0061] In this embodiment, the inner load-bearing wall 2 has a similar structure to the outer load-bearing wall 1, but since the inner load-bearing wall 2 has no insulation requirements, the intermediate insulation layer is removed. The second reinforcing steel frame 23 and the second steel mesh mold 21 of the inner load-bearing wall 2 are prefabricated, transported to the site, installed, and then concrete is poured directly, eliminating the need for formwork. Due to the use of cast-in-place construction, unlike precast concrete walls which typically require a minimum thickness of 200mm, the second reinforcing steel frame 23 and the second steel mesh mold 21, which are only processed in the factory, are easily connected on site. Therefore, the thickness of the inner load-bearing wall 2 can be as low as 140mm. This reduces the wall thickness while ensuring structural safety, increases the usable area of ​​the interior space, and provides more benefits to the user.

[0062] It is worth noting that the holes in the first steel mesh mold 11 and the second steel mesh mold 21 are relatively small, so the concrete poured on site will not leak out from the gaps in the steel mesh mold.

[0063] It should be noted that the height of the steel reinforcement frame and steel mesh formwork of the external load-bearing wall 1 and the internal load-bearing wall 2 processed in the factory is the height of the entire floor of the structure. The length is limited by transportation conditions, on-site implementation and building wall layout. Usually, the shortest can be 300mm and the length can be 6000mm. Of course, this is not the maximum size processed in the factory, but the conventional size after the above-mentioned influences.

[0064] The cross-section of structural column 3 is rectangular. (Combined with...) Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the structural columns 3 are divided into first structural columns 31, second structural columns 32, third structural columns 33 and fourth structural columns 34 according to their different positions. The first structural column 31 is set at the corner of the space enclosed by the outer load-bearing wall 1 (i.e., at the corner of the outer load-bearing wall 1). The second structural column 32 is set at the junction of the outer load-bearing wall 1 and the inner load-bearing wall 2. The third structural column 33 is set at the end of the outer load-bearing wall 1. The fourth structural column 34 is set on both sides of the large window opening 102.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, the first structural column 31 includes a third reinforcing steel cage 311, a first concrete cylinder 312, a first cast-in-place concrete column 313, and a first longitudinal reinforcing steel bar 314. The first cast-in-place concrete column 313 is located in the first concrete cylinder 312. The third reinforcing steel cage 311 is formed by first transverse reinforcing bars 3111, first longitudinal reinforcing bars 3112, and first stirrups 3113. Both the first longitudinal reinforcing bars 3112 and the first stirrups 3113 are located in the first concrete cylinder 312. A portion of the first transverse reinforcing bars 3111 is located in the first concrete cylinder 312, and the other portion extends out of the two vertical sides of the first structural column 31. The first longitudinal reinforcing steel bar 314 is located in the first cast-in-place concrete column 313. It should be noted that the first structural column 31 is first prefabricated in a factory as a rectangular cylinder with reinforcing bars extending from two vertical sides. Then, the first longitudinal reinforcing bars 3112 are placed into the cylinder on site, and concrete is poured.

[0066] like Figure 5As shown, the second structural column 32 includes a fourth reinforcing steel cage 321, a second concrete cylinder 322, a second cast-in-place concrete column 323, and a second longitudinal reinforcing steel bar 324. The second cast-in-place concrete column 323 is located within the second concrete cylinder 322. The fourth reinforcing steel cage 321 is formed by second transverse reinforcing bars 3211, second longitudinal reinforcing bars 3212, and second stirrups 3213. Both the second longitudinal reinforcing bars 3212 and the second stirrups 3213 are located within the second concrete cylinder 322. A portion of the second transverse reinforcing bars 3211 is located within the second concrete cylinder 322, while the other portion extends outwards from the three sides of the second structural column 32. The second longitudinal reinforcing steel bar 324 is located within the second cast-in-place concrete column 323. It should be noted that the second structural column 32 is first prefabricated in a factory into a rectangular cylinder with reinforcing bars extending from three sides. The second longitudinal reinforcing bars 3212 are then placed into the cylinder on-site, and concrete is poured.

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, the third structural column 33 includes a fifth reinforcing steel cage 331, a third concrete cylinder 332, a third cast-in-place concrete column 333, and a third longitudinal reinforcing steel bar 334. The third cast-in-place concrete column 333 is located within the third concrete cylinder 332. The fifth reinforcing steel cage 331 is formed by third transverse reinforcing bars 3311, third longitudinal reinforcing bars 3312, and third stirrups 3313. Both the third longitudinal reinforcing bars 3312 and the third stirrups 3313 are located within the third concrete cylinder 332. A portion of the third transverse reinforcing bars 3311 is located within the third concrete cylinder 332, while the other portion extends outwards from the two parallel sides of the third structural column 33. The third longitudinal reinforcing steel bar 334 is located within the third cast-in-place concrete column 333. It should be noted that the third structural column 33 is first prefabricated in a factory into a rectangular cylinder with reinforcing bars extending from two parallel sides. Then, the third longitudinal reinforcing bars 3312 are placed into the cylinder on-site, and concrete is poured.

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown, the fourth structural column 34 includes a sixth reinforcing steel cage 341, a fourth concrete cylinder 342, a fourth cast-in-place concrete column 343, and a fourth longitudinal reinforcing steel bar 344. The fourth cast-in-place concrete column 343 is located within the fourth concrete cylinder 342. The sixth reinforcing steel cage 341 is formed by fourth transverse reinforcing bars 3411, fourth longitudinal reinforcing bars 3412, and fourth stirrups 3413. Both the fourth longitudinal reinforcing bars 3412 and the fourth stirrups 3413 are located within the fourth concrete cylinder 342. A portion of the fourth transverse reinforcing bars 3411 is located within the fourth concrete cylinder 342, while the other portion extends outward from one side of the fourth structural column 34. The fourth longitudinal reinforcing steel bar 344 is located within the fourth cast-in-place concrete column 343. It should be noted that the fourth structural column 34 is first prefabricated in a factory as a rectangular cylinder with reinforcing bars extending outward from its side. The fourth longitudinal reinforcing bars 3412 are then placed into the cylinder on-site, and concrete is poured.

[0069] It is worth noting that the first structural column 31, the second structural column 32, the third structural column 33, and the fourth structural column 34 are structurally similar, differing only in the direction of the protruding reinforcing bars. As standardized components, they are mass-produced using pre-formed molds in the factory, effectively reducing manufacturing costs. The protruding reinforcing bars and the pre-reserved through-hole in the middle of the structural column 3 allow it to simultaneously complete the horizontal and vertical connections of the wall components, and achieve formwork-free installation along with the outer load-bearing wall 1 and the inner load-bearing wall 2.

[0070] In this embodiment, the structural column 3 itself has vertical structural steel bars and outward connecting steel bars. The connecting steel bars can overlap with the steel bars of the wall (outer load-bearing wall 1, inner load-bearing wall 2) and form a whole after the concrete is poured. The direction of the steel bars extending depends on the location of the structural column 3. It can be steel bars extending from one side, or steel bars extending from both sides or three sides. These methods can all be standardized by making molds in the factory and processing standardized components. The structural column 3 has a continuous hole in the middle to facilitate the insertion of vertical connecting steel bars into the hole on site and filling the hole with concrete to complete the vertical connection.

[0071] Understandably, when prefabricated farmhouses are single-story or multi-story buildings, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the prefabricated farmhouse also includes a floor slab 4, which is perpendicular to the outer load-bearing wall 1 and the inner load-bearing wall 2. The floor slab 4 includes a floor deck 41, a steel truss 42 and a third cast-in-place concrete layer 43. The steel truss 42 is located on the floor deck 41 and in the third cast-in-place concrete layer 43.

[0072] In this embodiment, the floor slab 4 uses a cement pressure board as the bottom formwork floor deck and is installed on site in a close-fitting manner. The use of the floor deck makes the construction of the floor slab 4 the same as that of the external load-bearing wall 1 and the internal load-bearing wall 2, which can also achieve formwork-free cast-in-place concrete, so that the entire structure of the farmhouse can achieve the effect of on-site formwork-free construction. As a cast-in-place concrete structure, the farmhouse achieves very good integrity and has good seismic performance.

[0073] To enhance the earthquake resistance of prefabricated farmhouses, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the prefabricated farmhouse also includes a ring beam 5, which is located at the top or floor level of all external load-bearing walls 1 and internal load-bearing walls 2. The ring beam 5 includes a seventh reinforcing steel frame 51 and a fifth cast-in-place concrete column 52. Part of the seventh reinforcing steel frame 51 is located in the fifth cast-in-place concrete column 52, and another part is located in the third cast-in-place concrete layer 43. The steel mesh formwork of the external load-bearing wall 1 or the internal load-bearing wall 2 serves as the formwork for the ring beam 5, that is, the steel mesh formwork is extended to form a cantilevered steel mesh formwork, which is used directly as formwork during the construction of the ring beam 5.

[0074] In this embodiment, ring beams 5 are installed at the top or floor level of all walls (external load-bearing wall 1 and internal load-bearing wall 2). The ring beams 5 and structural columns 3 form the main seismic defense line, integrating the components into a whole to jointly resist the horizontal seismic force. The longitudinal steel bars in the middle of the structural columns 3 run through the vertical direction of the building structure, and the steel bars of the ring beams 5 are anchored into the structural columns 3 to form a reliable connection. The steel mesh formwork of the lower walls (external load-bearing wall 1 and internal load-bearing wall 2) extends upwards. After coordinating the dimensions with the formwork of other components, the concrete pouring of the ring beams 5 can also achieve the effect of formwork-free construction. The floor slab 4 uses a cement pressure board as the bottom formwork of the steel truss floor deck 41, avoiding the disadvantages of ordinary metal bottom formwork, which is prone to rust and poses fire hazards, making it unsuitable for residential projects. At the same time, the cement pressure board has good flatness, and the bottom of the slab can achieve the effect of plaster-free construction. By anchoring the steel bars of the floor slab 4 into the ring beams 5, the concrete of the lower walls, ring beams 5, and floor slab 4 can be poured at one time, improving the overall construction efficiency.

[0075] To increase the functional zoning of the interior, such as Figure 1 As shown, the prefabricated farmhouse also includes a partition wall 6, with its two ends connected to the outer load-bearing wall 1 and the inner load-bearing wall 2, respectively. The partition wall 6 is a panel or light steel keel partition wall.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] Considering the lack of centralized heating in rural areas, farmers with heating needs generally choose electric blankets or air conditioners. However, electric blankets pose safety hazards, and air conditioning is expensive due to high electricity costs. Another specific embodiment of this invention discloses a prefabricated farmhouse, which adds a heating device (not shown in the figure) to the existing embodiment 1. The heating device includes a photovoltaic power generation system and graphene self-heating panels. The photovoltaic power generation system is installed outside the walls or on the roof of the house to convert solar energy into electrical energy; the graphene self-heating panels are installed inside the house to convert electrical energy into heat energy to provide heating. This embodiment uses photovoltaic power generation and graphene self-heating panels for heating, which can meet heating needs while reducing heating costs, and is safe and environmentally friendly.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] Considering the problems of poor quality, high cost, or low efficiency caused by the use of prefabrication or on-site formwork and cast-in-place concrete in the construction of existing farmhouses, another specific embodiment of the present invention discloses an on-site formwork-free construction method for the on-site formwork-free construction of prefabricated farmhouses as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, comprising the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: Prefabrication of components.

[0081] Some components of the external load-bearing wall 1, internal load-bearing wall 2, structural column 3, floor slab 4, and ring beam 5 are prefabricated in the factory. Specifically, the steel mesh mold, insulation layer 12, and steel reinforcement cage of the external load-bearing wall 1 are prefabricated; the steel mesh mold and steel reinforcement cage of the internal load-bearing wall 2 are prefabricated; the concrete cylinder with the steel reinforcement cage is prefabricated; the floor deck 41 with the steel truss 42 is prefabricated; and the steel reinforcement cage of the ring beam 5 is prefabricated. In this embodiment, some components are prefabricated in the factory and then transported to the site for assembly and cast-in-place concrete, which can improve construction efficiency.

[0082] Step 2: Component transportation.

[0083] The prefabricated components are transported to the site. Because this embodiment involves prefabricating the components rather than the entire wall, the weight and length of the prefabricated components are suitable for transportation on rural roads, reducing transportation costs and on-site hoisting costs.

[0084] Step 3: On-site assembly.

[0085] First, lay the foundation, then hoist the corresponding precast components of the external load-bearing wall 1, internal load-bearing wall 2, structural column 3, floor slab 4, and ring beam 5. Tie the steel bars at some of the joints, and use the extended wall steel mesh formwork as the formwork for the ring beam 5. At the same time, the wall steel mesh formwork also serves as the formwork for the closely assembled floor slab 4.

[0086] In this embodiment, the steel mesh formwork of the outer load-bearing wall 1 and the inner load-bearing wall 2 is used as the casting template for the outer load-bearing wall 1, the inner load-bearing wall 2, the floor slab 4 and the ring beam 5 during on-site casting, which avoids on-site formwork and improves construction efficiency. At the same time, the setting of the structural column 3 and the ring beam 5 integrates the components into a whole, which improves the seismic performance of the main structure. Due to the adoption of the combination of assembly and cast-in-place technology, the construction quality is improved.

[0087] Step 4: Cast-in-place concrete.

[0088] The gaps between the outer load-bearing wall 1 and the inner load-bearing wall 2, the hollow cylinder of the structural column 3, the floor slab 4, and the ring beam 5 are filled with concrete, so that the outer load-bearing wall 1, the inner load-bearing wall 2, the structural column 3, the floor slab 4, and the ring beam 5 are poured in one go, which improves the overall construction efficiency.

[0089] Step 5: Repeat steps 3-4 to complete the construction of multi-story farmhouses.

[0090] Step 6: Install heating equipment.

[0091] This embodiment of rural housing construction significantly shortens the construction period: Factory-prefabricated components offer controllable quality, requiring only hoisting, connection, and minimal on-site pouring, eliminating the extensive formwork and dismantling processes of traditional methods and significantly improving construction efficiency. It also enhances structural performance and quality: standardized connections between prefabricated structural columns and load-bearing walls ensure reliable and consistent joint connections, effectively strengthening the building's overall integrity and seismic performance. Furthermore, eliminating formwork avoids quality issues such as concrete leakage and uneven wall surfaces caused by loose formwork joints. It reduces overall costs: while the initial investment in prefabricated components is higher, the formwork-free technology greatly reduces the consumption of formwork materials and labor costs. In addition, the shortened construction period indirectly reduces management and capital costs. Finally, it achieves green construction: significantly reduced on-site wet work effectively lowers noise, dust pollution, and construction waste generation, meeting the requirements of green building and sustainable development.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated farmhouse, characterized in that, The prefabricated farmhouse has at least one floor, and the prefabricated farmhouse includes external load-bearing walls (1), internal load-bearing walls (2), and structural columns (3), all of which are constructed on-site without formwork. The inner load-bearing wall (2) is located in the space enclosed by the outer load-bearing wall (1), and a window opening (102) is provided on the two parallel outer load-bearing walls (1); The structural column (3) is located at the end of the outer load-bearing wall (1), at the junction of the outer load-bearing wall (1) and the inner load-bearing wall (2), at the corner of the space enclosed by the outer load-bearing wall (1), and on both sides of the window opening (102).

2. The prefabricated farmhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external load-bearing wall (1) includes a first steel mesh mold (11), an insulation layer (12) and a first cast-in-place concrete layer (13). The insulation layer (12) is arranged in parallel between the two first steel mesh molds (11), and the first cast-in-place concrete layer (13) is located between the first steel mesh mold (11) and the insulation layer (12).

3. The prefabricated farmhouse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external load-bearing wall (1) also includes a first steel reinforcement frame (14), which is located in the first cast-in-place concrete layer (13).

4. The prefabricated farmhouse according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner load-bearing wall (2) includes a second steel mesh mold (21) and a second cast-in-place concrete layer (22), with the two second steel mesh molds (21) respectively located on both sides of the second cast-in-place concrete layer (22).

5. The prefabricated farmhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner load-bearing wall (2) also includes a second steel reinforcement frame (23), which is located in the second cast-in-place concrete layer (22).

6. The prefabricated farmhouse according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first steel reinforcement cage (14) and the second steel reinforcement cage (23) are formed by welding double-layer steel mesh.

7. The prefabricated farmhouse according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The first steel mesh mold (11), the insulation layer (12) and the first steel reinforcement skeleton (14) are all prefabricated components in the factory.

8. The prefabricated farmhouse according to any one of claims 5-6, characterized in that, The second steel mesh mold (21) and the second steel reinforcement skeleton (23) are both prefabricated components in the factory.

9. The prefabricated farmhouse according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a partition wall (6), the two ends of which are connected to the outer load-bearing wall (1) and the inner load-bearing wall (2), respectively.

10. A method for on-site, formwork-free construction, characterized in that, Used for the construction of prefabricated farmhouses as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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