Hole-forming equipment for drilling holes in loose and broken coal seam

Abstract

The invention discloses hole forming equipment for drilling of a loose and broken coal seam, and relates to the technical field of coal seam drilling tools. Comprising a positioning table, a movable collecting assembly is installed on the top face of the positioning table, and a drilling reinforcing assembly is installed above the movable collecting assembly; through cooperative cooperation of the positioning and stabilizing assembly and the movable adjusting structure, the equipment stability and operation flexibility of coal seam loosening and breaking operation are achieved; the hydraulic push cylinder can drive the triangular structure positioning block to pierce into the coal seam ground in the positioning stage, the road holding force is enhanced by means of the triangular structure, the equipment can be fixed without repeated calibration, the positioning time is shortened, the contact area between the equipment and the complex coal seam ground can be increased through the track driving assembly, and the equipment is adaptive to the uneven working environment; slipping during moving is avoided; in the angle adjusting stage, the angle of the drill bit is accurately adjusted with the supporting table as the axis through hinge fit of the deflection air cylinder and the deflection table, and the requirements of different drilling directions can be met without overall displacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal seam drilling tools, and more particularly to a drilling equipment for loose and crushed coal seams. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of coal mining, drilling operations in loose and crushed coal seams are a key preliminary process for coalbed methane extraction, gas control, and coal seam exploration. The efficiency and quality of these operations directly affect the safety and economy of subsequent coal mining. However, due to the loose structure, poor cementation, and weak stability of loose and crushed coal seams, stringent requirements are placed on the performance of drilling equipment. Currently available coal seam drilling equipment still has many technical pain points in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the demand for efficient and stable drilling in loose and crushed coal seams. First, existing equipment struggles to balance positioning stability and operational flexibility. On one hand, traditional drilling equipment often employs simple support feet or flat-plate positioning structures, requiring repeated calibration of the support points to ensure stability. This is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also results in insufficient grip between the support feet and the loose, fragmented coal seam surface, making it prone to slight displacement due to vibration during drilling, causing the drilling path to deviate from the preset trajectory. On the other hand, the equipment's moving components mostly use ordinary wheel structures, resulting in a small contact area with the loose, uneven coal seam working surface, making slippage easy and hindering the rapid and stable transfer of the equipment to the target drilling location. Furthermore, the existing equipment's drill bit angle adjustment methods are limited, often requiring adjustment through the entire moving unit or disassembly and reassembly of the drill frame, a complex process that cannot quickly adapt to drilling needs in different directions. The existing equipment suffers from inefficient drill bit cooling and waste chip removal, further hindering the continuity and reliability of drilling operations. High-speed cutting in loose coal seams generates significant heat; if not cooled promptly, this can lead to overheating and wear of the drill bit's cutting edge, shortening its lifespan and even causing jamming. Traditional cooling methods, primarily external spraying, cannot precisely target the cutting area, resulting in limited cooling effectiveness. Furthermore, waste carbon (coal chips) mixed with cooling wastewater during drilling tends to accumulate at the bottom of the borehole. Existing equipment often uses simple spiral or natural fall-off structures for slag removal, making it difficult to quickly and thoroughly remove waste carbon, leading to borehole blockage and frequent shutdowns for cleaning, severely impacting operational efficiency. Therefore, these problems need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a drilling device for loose and crushed coal seams.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a drilling device for loose and crushed coal seams, comprising a positioning platform, a standing platform installed at the center of the front end of the positioning platform, and a driving component installed at the center of the bottom surface of the positioning platform. A driving wheel and a driven wheel are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the driving end of the driving component. A track is sleeved between the driving wheel and the driven wheel at the same end. Hydraulic push cylinders are vertically installed at the four corners of the top surface of the positioning platform. The output shaft of the hydraulic push cylinder passes through the positioning platform and is fixedly connected to a positioning plate. Multiple triangular positioning blocks are equidistantly installed on the bottom surface of the positioning plate. A movable collection component is installed on the top surface of the positioning platform, and a drilling reinforcement component is installed above the movable collection component.

[0005] Preferably, the mobile collection assembly includes a first fixed platform longitudinally installed on one side of the top surface of the positioning platform, and a second fixed platform installed on the other side of the top surface of the positioning platform corresponding to the first fixed platform. Sliding rods are installed laterally at the front and rear ends of the first and second fixed platforms, and a dustproof screw rod placed between the two sliding rods is rotatably connected between the first and second fixed platforms.

[0006] Preferably, the other end of the dustproof lead screw passes through the second fixed platform, and a first fixed plate is installed on the other side of the second fixed platform. The other end of the dustproof lead screw is connected to a stepper motor fixed to the side of the first fixed plate via a coupling. A drive platform is installed between the first fixed platform and the second fixed platform. The front and rear ends of the drive platform are provided with sliding holes for sliding with the sliding rod, and the middle part of the drive platform is provided with a threaded hole for threaded connection with the dustproof lead screw.

[0007] Preferably, the front and rear ends of the drive platform are laterally provided with limit grooves, the front and rear ends of the top of the positioning platform are fixedly connected with limit platforms that match the limit grooves, and a control box is installed on the other side of the front end of the top of the positioning platform. A support platform is installed on one side of the top surface of the limit platform. A deflection cylinder is hinged to the front end of the support platform. A hinge platform is installed on the output shaft of the deflection cylinder, and a deflection platform is hinged to the top surface of the support platform. A hinge block is installed on one side of the bottom surface of the deflection platform, and the deflection platform is hinged to the deflection cylinder through the hinge block and the hinge platform. A collection box is installed on the other side of the top surface of the drive platform.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating hole reinforcement assembly includes a locking platform installed in the middle of the top surface of the deflection table. Two tapered roller bearings facing different directions are sleeved on both sides of the inner end of the locking platform, and the locking platform is rotatably connected to a first rotating shaft that mates with the tapered roller bearings. A first flange is fixed to one end of the first rotating shaft, and a second rotating shaft that mates with the first flange is mounted on the first rotating shaft. Second flanges are mounted on both ends of the second rotating shaft, and a third rotating shaft that mates with the second flange is mounted on one end of the second rotating shaft. A mounting hole is provided on the other side of the third rotating shaft, and a threaded groove is provided inside the mounting hole. Fixing holes are provided above and below the mounting hole and connected to the third rotating shaft on both sides. A drill bit that mates with the mounting hole and the fixing hole is threadedly connected to the third rotating shaft. A second fixing plate is installed on the other side of the deflection table.

[0009] Preferably, the first, second, and third rotating shafts are all connected by a collection hole in the middle. A water inlet groove is formed on both sides of the collection hole. Multiple reinforcing grooves are equidistantly formed on the outer side of the water inlet groove. The reinforcing groove on the first rotating shaft does not penetrate to the other end of the first rotating shaft. The reinforcing groove on the third rotating shaft does not penetrate to one end of the third rotating shaft. Multiple one-way holes connecting the reinforcing grooves are formed on the outer side of the third rotating shaft. A one-way platform with a downward-angled inclination is welded and installed below the inner end of the one-way hole. An exhaust platform with multiple equidistantly formed connecting grooves is installed above the inner end of the one-way hole. A one-way ball is slidably installed above the one-way platform. A spring is fixedly connected above the one-way ball, and the other end of the spring abuts against the inner side of the exhaust platform.

[0010] Preferably, the other end of the first rotating shaft has a supply groove with multiple connecting and reinforcing grooves. Both sides of the multiple supply grooves are fitted with sealed bearings that are sleeved on the outside of the first rotating shaft. A supply platform is fixedly connected to the outer end between two of the sealed bearings. A first supply pipe is connected to the top surface of the supply platform. The other end of the first rotating shaft is respectively fitted with a first fixing ring and a second fixing ring that match the water inlet groove and the collection hole. The far ends of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are both provided with rotating grooves. A water supply platform that matches the rotating groove is rotatably connected between the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring. The water supply platform is connected to the cavity formed by the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring. A second supply pipe is installed at the front end of the water supply platform that connects to the cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the deflection platform, in conjunction with the second fixing plate, fixes and limits the water supply platform. A rotating bearing is sleeved on the inner end of the second fixing block, and a flexible bellows is installed on the inner side of the rotating bearing. The other end of the bellows is connected to the inner cavity of the collection tank. A servo motor is installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the deflection platform. A gear is fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor. A drive groove is opened on the other side of the deflection platform. Multiple teeth that mesh with the gear are installed at equal intervals on the outer side of the first rotating shaft.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention achieves both equipment stability and operational flexibility in coal seam loosening operations through the coordinated operation of positioning and stabilizing components and a movable adjustment structure. During the positioning phase, a triangular positioning block driven by a hydraulic cylinder is driven into the coal seam surface, enhancing grip and eliminating the need for repeated calibration, thus shortening positioning time. Furthermore, the track drive component increases the contact area between the equipment and complex coal seam surfaces, adapting to uneven working environments and preventing slippage during movement. In the angle adjustment phase, the hinged connection between the deflection cylinder and the deflection table allows for precise adjustment of the drill bit angle around the support platform, adapting to different drilling directions without requiring overall displacement. Simultaneously, the limiting grooves of the drive platform and the limiting platform restrict lateral deviation during drilling feed, preventing vibration from causing the drill bit to deviate from the preset path. This meets the core requirements of "stable positioning + flexible adjustment" for coal seam loosening operations, improving pre-processing efficiency. 2. The device of this invention, through the combination of the reinforcing groove of the rotating shaft assembly and the one-way hole with the external composite modified liquid supply system, avoids the collapse of the unconsolidated hole wall due to disturbance; the one-way ball and spring structure in the one-way hole can prevent coal seam debris or air from flowing back into the reinforcing groove, ensuring the sealing of the modified liquid delivery; at the same time, the cooling water delivered by the water inlet tank can cool down the high-speed rotating drill bit, and carry the waste carbon through the collection hole and corrugated pipe into the collection box, which not only avoids the overheating and damage of the drill bit, but also prevents the accumulation of waste debris from clogging the drill hole; effectively improving the drilling quality of loose and crushed coal seams, reducing rework caused by collapse or slag discharge problems, and avoiding wastewater and waste carbon pollution of the working environment; through the cooperation between the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft, there is no need to customize an integral long shaft, adapting to the drilling needs of coal seams of different depths. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive stage and limiting stage structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement groove structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing trough, collection hole, and water inlet trough structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit structure of the present invention; Figure 7For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of section B; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of section C; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of section D in the middle; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of section E in the middle.

[0014] The components in the diagram are numbered as follows: 1. Positioning platform; 2. Standing platform; 3. Drive assembly; 4. Track; 5. Hydraulic push cylinder; 6. Positioning plate; 7. Positioning block; 8. Sliding rod; 9. Dustproof lead screw; 10. Stepper motor; 11. Drive platform; 12. Limiting platform; 13. Support platform; 14. Deflection cylinder; 15. Deflection platform; 16. Collection box; 17. Locking platform; 18. First rotating shaft; 19. Second rotating shaft; 20. Third rotating shaft; 21. Drill bit; 22. Collection hole; 23. Water inlet tank; 24. Reinforcement tank; 25. Supply tank; 26. Supply platform; 27. Water supply platform; 28. Control box; 29. ​​Gear; 30. Servo motor; 31. Gear; 32. First fixing ring; 33. Second fixing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0016] Example 1: See Figures 1 to 11This invention discloses a drilling device for loose and crushed coal seams, comprising a positioning platform 1. The positioning platform 1 serves as a support structure for the core components of the entire device, facilitating the installation of a hydraulic pusher cylinder 5, as well as subsequent moving and collecting components and drilling reinforcement components via external connecting components. A standing platform 2 is installed at the front center of the positioning platform 1, allowing operators to stand on the positioning platform 1 to operate the control box 28. A drive assembly 3 is installed at the center of the bottom surface of the positioning platform 1, with the front and rear ends of the drive end of the drive assembly 3 respectively equipped with... It has a drive wheel and a driven wheel. The drive assembly 3 facilitates its use as a conventional drive device, working in conjunction with subsequent drive wheels, driven wheels, and external components to drive the track 4, thereby moving the entire device. The drive assembly 3 has a built-in hydraulic tank. A track 4 is fitted between the drive wheel and the driven wheel at the same end, facilitating movement of the entire device and increasing the contact area with different ground structures, thus improving the stability of the device's movement. Hydraulic push cylinders 5 are vertically mounted at each of the four corners of the top surface of the positioning platform 1. The output shaft of the hydraulic push cylinder 5 passes through the positioning platform 1, and the hydraulic cylinder... The hydraulic cylinder 5 facilitates the installation of the positioning plate 6 using external welding processes or connecting components, and drives the positioning plate 6 to anchor into the ground, providing a more stable structural effect for the entire equipment. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 6, which enhances the overall stability of the equipment and allows for the connection of positioning blocks 7 via external welding. Multiple triangular positioning blocks 7 are equidistantly installed on the bottom surface of the positioning plate 6, further improving its stability and thus the overall equipment's stability. A movable collection assembly is installed on the top surface of the positioning platform 1, with a drilling reinforcement assembly above it. The movable collection assembly includes a first fixed platform longitudinally installed on one side of the top surface of the positioning platform 1, and a second fixed platform installed on the other side of the top surface of the positioning platform 1 corresponding to the first fixed platform. Sliding rods 8 are laterally installed at both the front and rear ends between the first and second fixed platforms, ensuring stable sliding of the subsequently connected drive platform 11. A dustproof screw 9 is rotatably connected between the first and second fixed platforms and placed between the two sliding rods 8, facilitating threaded connection of the drive platform 11 and driving it to move along the sliding rods 8. Example 2: The technical solution is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 6As shown, the other end of the dustproof screw 9 passes through the second fixed platform. A first fixed plate is installed on the other side of the second fixed platform, and the other end of the dustproof screw 9 is connected to a stepper motor 10 fixed to the side of the first fixed plate via a coupling. A drive platform 11 is installed between the first fixed platform and the second fixed platform. The front and rear ends of the drive platform 11 are provided with sliding holes for sliding with the sliding rod 8, and the middle of the drive platform 11 is provided with a threaded hole for threaded connection with the dustproof screw 9. The drive platform 11 facilitates the subsequent welding process to fix the support platform 13 and the external connection. The card-connecting limiting component is installed in the collection box 16; the front and rear ends of the drive table 11 are laterally provided with limiting grooves, and the front and rear ends of the top of the positioning table 1 are fixedly connected with limiting tables 12 that cooperate with the limiting grooves. The limiting tables 12 facilitate the limiting of the movement of the drive table 11 during drilling by cooperating with the limiting grooves provided in the drive table 11; and a control box 28 is installed on the other side of the front end of the top of the positioning table 1, which facilitates the operator to control the drilling of the equipment. All control electrical components are installed inside the control box 28; a support table 1 is installed on one side of the top surface of the drive table 11. 3. The support platform 13 facilitates the hinged connection of the deflection cylinder 14 to an external component; the front end of the support platform 13 is hinged to the deflection cylinder 14, which facilitates the hinged connection with the hinged platform and external component to the deflection platform 15 and drive the deflection platform 15 to deflect at a certain angle; the output shaft of the deflection cylinder 14 is equipped with a hinged platform, and the top surface of the support platform 13 is hinged to the deflection platform 15, which facilitates the installation of the locking platform 17 through an external fixing component; a hinge block is installed on one side of the bottom surface of the deflection platform 15, and the deflection platform 15 is connected to the support platform 13 via the hinge block and the hinged platform. The deflection cylinder 14 is hinged, and a collection box 16 is installed on the other side of the top surface of the drive platform 11. The collection box 16 facilitates the collection of wastewater and waste carbon generated during the subsequent drilling process. The drilling reinforcement assembly includes a locking platform 17 installed in the middle of the top surface of the deflection platform 15. The locking platform 17 facilitates the installation of tapered roller bearings and is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 18 in cooperation with the tapered roller bearings. Two tapered roller bearings facing different directions are sleeved on both sides of the inner end of the locking platform 17, and the locking platform 17 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 18 in cooperation with the tapered roller bearings.The first rotating shaft 18 is fixed to a first flange at one end, facilitating the connection of the second rotating shaft 19 with external bolts. The first rotating shaft 18 and the subsequent third rotating shaft 20 serve as the foundation of the entire equipment, forming the basis of the drilling equipment and are irreplaceable. The subsequent second rotating shaft 19 can be increased multiple times during subsequent drilling operations based on the drilling depth. The process involves drilling the second rotating shaft 19 and third rotating shaft 20 to their maximum positions initially. Then, the operator uses external components to disassemble the second rotating shaft 19 from the first rotating shaft 18. The stepper motor 10 is then started, driving the drive table 11 to retract via the dustproof screw 9, which in turn retracts the first rotating shaft 18. Finally, the external second rotating shaft 19 is removed and connected to the initial second rotating shaft using external bolts. The first rotating shaft 18 and the first rotating shaft 19 are connected to each other for subsequent drilling. The first rotating shaft 18 is equipped with a second rotating shaft 19 that matches the first flange. The second rotating shaft 19 facilitates increasing the drilling depth of the equipment. The second rotating shaft 19 is equipped with a second flange at both ends. A third rotating shaft 20 that matches the second flange is installed at one end of the second rotating shaft 19. The third rotating shaft 20 facilitates threaded connection of the drill bit 21 with the mounting hole and the fixing hole. The third rotating shaft 20 has a mounting hole on the other side. A threaded groove is opened inside the mounting hole. The mounting hole is connected to the fixing hole on both the upper and lower sides. The third rotating shaft 20 is threadedly connected to the drill bit 21 that matches the mounting hole and the fixing hole. A second fixing plate is installed on the other side of the deflection table 15. The drill bit 21 facilitates drilling into the coal seam. Example 3: The technical solution is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that, as Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 11As shown, the first rotating shaft 18, the second rotating shaft 19, and the third rotating shaft 20 are all connected by a collection hole 22 in the middle. The collection hole 22 facilitates the collection of waste liquid and waste carbon generated during drilling. The waste liquid is the cleaning wastewater generated when water is supplied from the water inlet tank 23, passing through the drill bit 21 to cool it, and carrying the waste carbon generated during drilling into the collection hole 22. Water inlet tanks 23 are provided on both sides of the collection hole 22. These tanks facilitate the pumping of external water into the operating equipment to cool the drill bit 21 and carry the waste carbon generated during drilling into the collection box 16. Multiple reinforcement grooves 24 are equidistantly provided on the outer side of the water inlet tanks 23. These grooves facilitate the subsequent preliminary reinforcement of the borehole wall using an external "polymer + coal dust binder" composite modified liquid. The selected polymer (such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose)... The modified liquid (HPMC and PAM) has the characteristics of "rapid dissolution in water and no precipitation at room temperature". The coal dust binder (such as polyvinyl alcohol PVA) needs to form a miscible system with the polymer. After mixing, the viscosity of the modified liquid is controlled at 50-100 mPa·s (monitored by a rotational viscometer NDJ-8S). This viscosity can be smoothly transported through the built-in channel of the drill pipe and can also adhere to the inner wall of the borehole to form a continuous solidified layer. It will not fall off due to vibration or airflow during the drilling process. In addition, the "initial setting time" of the modified liquid is controlled by additives (such as ammonium citrate) to ensure that initial setting begins within 30-60 seconds after spraying (forming a 0.5-1 mm solidified film on the surface) and complete curing within 1-2 minutes (compressive strength reaches above 0.8 MPa). This efficiency can match the drilling speed (the drilling speed of loose and crushed coal seams is usually 0.2-0.(8m / min) to achieve a synchronous cycle of "drill rod advance 10-20cm → modified liquid injection → borehole wall consolidation → continued advance", avoiding the collapse of unconsolidated borehole walls due to subsequent drilling disturbances; the first rotating shaft 18 has a reinforcing groove 24 that does not penetrate the other end of the first rotating shaft 18, the third rotating shaft 20 has a reinforcing groove 24 that does not penetrate the other end of the third rotating shaft 20, and the outer side of the third rotating shaft 20 has multiple one-way holes with connecting reinforcing grooves 24. A one-way platform with an inclination angle downward is welded and installed below the inner end of the one-way hole, and an exhaust platform with multiple connecting grooves at equal intervals is installed above the inner end of the one-way hole. A one-way ball is slidably installed above the one-way platform, and a spring is fixed above the one-way ball. The other end of the spring abuts against the inner side of the exhaust platform. A rotating shaft 18 has multiple supply channels 25 at its other end, which are connected to the reinforcement grooves 24. These supply channels 25 facilitate subsequent connection with the supply platform 26 and the external composite modified liquid collection assembly to supply liquid to the reinforcement grooves 24. Each of the multiple supply channels 25 has a sealed bearing fitted onto the outside of the first rotating shaft 18 on both sides. A supply platform 26 is fixedly connected to the outer end between two sealed bearings. A first supply pipe is connected to the top surface of the supply platform 26, facilitating connection with the external composite modified liquid via an external connecting pipe and installation assembly. The other end of the first rotating shaft 18 is respectively equipped with a first fixing ring 32 and a second fixing ring 33 that mate with the water inlet groove 23 and the collection hole 22. The first fixing ring 32 and the second fixing ring 33... The fixed ring 33 facilitates connection with the water inlet tank 23 and, in conjunction with the rotating groove, rotatably connects with the water supply platform 27 to prevent the water supply platform 27 from rotating when the first rotating shaft 18 rotates. Rotating grooves are provided at the distal ends of both the first fixed ring 32 and the second fixed ring 33, and a water supply platform 27 with matching rotating grooves is rotatably connected between them. The water supply platform 27 connects to the cavity formed by the first fixed ring 32 and the second fixed ring 33, and a second supply pipe is installed at the front end of the water supply platform 27 through the cavity. The water supply platform 27 facilitates connection with external connecting pipes and components to external water supply components, providing a water source for the subsequent drill bit 21 and waste carbon collection. The deflection platform 15, in conjunction with the second... A fixing plate secures and limits the water supply platform 27, and a rotating bearing is sleeved on the inner end of the second fixing ring 33. A flexible bellows is installed inside the rotating bearing, and the other end of the bellows communicates with the inner cavity of the collection tank 16. A servo motor 30 is installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the deflection platform 15. The servo motor 30 facilitates the fixing of the gear 31 through an external welding process. The output shaft of the servo motor 30 is fixed with the gear 31, which facilitates the driving of the first rotating shaft 18 by meshing with the gear teeth 29. A drive groove is connected to the other side of the deflection platform 15, and multiple gear teeth 29 that mesh with the gear 31 are installed equidistantly on the outer side of the first rotating shaft 18, which facilitates the driving of the first rotating shaft 18 by the gear 31.

[0017] Working principle: In this embodiment, the present invention also proposes a method for using a drilling device for loosened and crushed coal seams, including the following steps: Step 1: The staff must first complete the connection check between the equipment and the external system. The external "polymer" composite modified liquid supply pipe is sealed to the first supply pipe on the top surface of the equipment's supply platform 26, and the interface is checked for leaks. Simultaneously, the external cooling water pump's supply pipe is connected to the second supply pipe at the front end of the supply platform 27, ensuring the water path is unobstructed and free from blockages or leaks. Next, the connection status between the flexible corrugated pipe connected to the rotating bearing inside the second fixing ring 33 and the inner cavity of the collection box 16 is checked, ensuring the corrugated pipe is undamaged and unbent, ensuring smooth transport of waste carbon and waste liquid. The control box 28 is opened, and the wiring of the internal electrical components and the stepper motor 10, servo motor 30, deflection cylinder 14, and hydraulic push cylinder 5 is checked for secure connections. Finally, the flange connection bolts of the first rotating shaft 18, second rotating shaft 19, and third rotating shaft 20 are checked for tightness, and the threaded connection between the drill bit 21 and the mounting and fixing holes of the third rotating shaft 20 is checked for reliability. The first rotating shaft 18 is rotated to ensure the tapered roller bearing rotates flexibly. Step two: After the inspection is completed, the worker stands on the platform 2 and starts the drive assembly 3 via the control box 28. The drive wheels on both sides of the drive end of the drive assembly 3 rotate, and the drive wheels drive the driven wheels synchronously through the track 4, moving the entire equipment along the loose coal seam working face to the preset drilling position. After reaching the target position, the hydraulic push cylinders 5 at the four corners of the top surface of the positioning platform 1 are activated. The output shaft of the hydraulic push cylinder passes through the positioning platform 1 and pushes the positioning plate 6 downward until the triangular positioning block 7 fixed to the bottom surface of the positioning plate 6 is driven into the coal seam ground. The triangular structure of the positioning block 7 can enhance the grip, allowing the equipment to move downward. The entire assembly is fixed in place to prevent displacement during drilling. Then, the operator controls the deflection cylinder 14 at the front end of the support platform 13 via the control box 28. The output shaft of the deflection cylinder 14 is driven by the hinge block on the bottom surface of the deflection platform 15 through the hinge joint, causing the deflection platform 15 to deflect around its hinge point with the top surface of the support platform 13 until the drill bit 21 is aligned with the preset drilling angle. After adjustment, the deflection cylinder 14 maintains pressure, locking the position of the deflection platform 15. The servo motor 30 in the middle of the bottom surface of the deflection platform 15 is then activated. The output shaft of the servo motor 30 drives the gear 31 to rotate. The gear 31 then... The teeth 29 on the outer side of the first rotating shaft 18 engage to drive the first rotating shaft 18 to rotate. Since the first rotating shaft 18 is connected to the second rotating shaft 19 via a flange, and the second rotating shaft 19 is connected to the third rotating shaft 20 via a flange, the rotation of the first rotating shaft 18 can synchronously drive the second rotating shaft 19, the third rotating shaft 20, and the drill bit 21 to rotate at high speed, providing cutting power for drilling. At this time, the tapered roller bearing on the inner side of the locking table 17 can reduce the radial and axial runout of the first rotating shaft 18, ensuring rotational stability. Then, the step on one side of the second fixed table is started. The stepper motor 10 drives the dustproof lead screw 9 to rotate via a coupling. Since the threaded hole in the middle of the lower part of the drive platform 11 is threadedly connected to the dustproof lead screw 9, and the sliding holes at the front and rear ends of the drive platform 11 are slidably engaged with the sliding rod 8 between the first fixed platform and the second fixed platform, the rotation of the dustproof lead screw 9 will be converted into the linear movement of the drive platform 11 along the sliding rod 8. At the same time, the limiting platform 12 on the top surface of the positioning platform 1 engages with the limiting groove of the drive platform 11 to limit the lateral offset of the drive platform 11, ensuring that the drill bit 21 is stably fed along the preset drilling path, thereby realizing the cutting and drilling of loose coal seams. Step 3: During the drilling process, the cooling, slag removal and hole wall reinforcement processes will be carried out simultaneously. The external cooling water pump will be started, and the cooling water will enter the water supply platform 27 through the second supply pipe. Since the water supply platform 27 is connected to the cavity formed by the first fixing ring 32 and the second fixing ring 33, and the first fixing ring 32 and the second fixing ring 33 are rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 18 through the rotating groove, the cooling water can be transported to the drill bit 21 through the water inlet groove 23 on the first rotating shaft 18, the second rotating shaft 19, and the third rotating shaft 20 to cool the high-speed rotating drill bit 21. At the same time, the cooling water carries the waste carbon generated during drilling into the collection hole 22 connected in the middle of the three rotating shafts, and is finally transported to the collection box 16 through the flexible corrugated pipe connected by the second fixing ring 33. Step four: Activate the external composite modified liquid supply assembly. The modified liquid (viscosity 50-100 mPa·s, initial setting time 30-60 seconds) enters the supply platform 26 through the first supply pipe, flows through the supply groove 25 at the other end of the first rotating shaft 18 into the reinforcement groove 24 on the three rotating shafts. When the pressure of the modified liquid in the reinforcement groove 24 reaches the preset value, it will squeeze the one-way ball in the one-way hole on the outside of the third rotating shaft 20, causing the one-way ball to compress the upper spring and move upward. The one-way hole opens. The channel is opened, and the modified liquid is sprayed through the one-way hole onto the hole wall of the loose and crushed coal seam that has just been cut. After the spraying is completed, the spring returns and pushes the one-way ball back down to fit against the one-way platform, preventing hole wall debris or air from flowing back into the reinforcement tank 24. The surface layer initially sets within 30-60 seconds after the modified liquid is sprayed (forming a 0.5-1mm solidified film), and is completely cured within 1-2 minutes (compressive strength ≥0.8MPa). This can effectively prevent the collapse of the hole wall of the loose and crushed coal seam and realize the synchronous cycle of "drilling-reinforcement". Step 5: When the existing shaft assembly consisting of the first rotating shaft 18, the second rotating shaft 19, and the third rotating shaft 20 reaches the maximum drilling depth, the servo motor 30 and the stepper motor 10 must be stopped via the control box 28. Then, the stepper motor 10 is controlled to reverse, causing the dustproof lead screw 9 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the drive table 11 to retract along the sliding rod 8 away from the drilling hole until the connection between the first rotating shaft 18 and the second rotating shaft 19 is fully exposed. The operator then uses tools to disassemble the first flange of the first rotating shaft 18 and the second flange of the second rotating shaft 19. Separate the two sets of rotating shafts by removing the connecting bolts. Take a new second rotating shaft 19, align one end flange with the first flange of the first rotating shaft 18, and tighten it with bolts. Then align the other end flange of the original second rotating shaft 19 with the other end flange of the new second rotating shaft 19, and tighten it with bolts as well. After checking the reliability of the flange connection of the new shaft group, start the stepper motor 10 to rotate forward through the control box 28. The drive table 11 feeds along the sliding rod 8 again, and the servo motor 30 drives the extended shaft group and drill bit 21 to rotate, continuing to drill deeper into the loose coal seam.

[0018] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling device for loose and crushed coal seams, comprising a positioning table (1), characterized in that: A standing platform (2) is installed at the middle of the front end of the positioning platform (1), and a drive assembly (3) is installed at the middle of the bottom surface of the positioning platform (1). The front and rear ends of the drive end of the drive assembly (3) are respectively equipped with a drive wheel and a driven wheel. A track (4) is sleeved between the drive wheel and the driven wheel at the same end. A hydraulic push cylinder (5) is vertically installed at each of the four corners of the top surface of the positioning platform (1). The output shaft of the hydraulic push cylinder (5) passes through the positioning platform (1), and a positioning plate (6) is fixed to the output shaft of the hydraulic push cylinder (5). Multiple triangular positioning blocks (7) are installed at equal intervals on the bottom surface of the positioning plate (6). A mobile collection assembly is installed on the top surface of the positioning platform (1), and a drilling reinforcement assembly is installed above the mobile collection assembly.

2. The drilling equipment for loosened and crushed coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile collection assembly includes a first fixed platform that is longitudinally installed on one side of the top surface of the positioning platform (1), and a second fixed platform that is installed on the other side of the top surface of the positioning platform (1) corresponding to the first fixed platform. Sliding rods (8) are installed laterally at the front and rear ends of the first fixed platform and the second fixed platform, and a dustproof screw (9) is rotatably connected between the first fixed platform and the second fixed platform and placed between the two sliding rods (8).

3. The drilling equipment for loosened and crushed coal seams according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the dustproof screw (9) passes through the second fixed platform. A first fixed plate is installed on the other side of the second fixed platform. The other end of the dustproof screw (9) is connected to a stepper motor (10) fixed on the side of the first fixed plate via a coupling. A drive platform (11) is installed between the first fixed platform and the second fixed platform. The front and rear ends of the drive platform (11) are provided with sliding holes for sliding with the sliding rod (8). The middle part of the drive platform (11) is provided with a threaded hole for threaded connection with the dustproof screw (9).

4. The drilling equipment for loosened and crushed coal seams according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the drive platform (11) are both horizontally provided with limit slots. The front and rear ends of the top of the positioning platform (1) are both fixed with limit platforms (12) that match the limit slots. A control box (28) is installed on the other side of the front end of the top of the positioning platform (1). A support platform (13) is installed on one side of the top surface of the drive platform (11). A deflection cylinder (14) is hinged to the front end of the support platform (13). A hinge platform is installed on the output shaft of the deflection cylinder (14). A deflection platform (15) is hinged to the top surface of the support platform (13). A hinge block is installed on one side of the bottom surface of the deflection platform (15). The deflection platform (15) is hinged to the deflection cylinder (14) through the hinge block and the hinge platform. A collection box (16) is installed on the other side of the top surface of the drive platform (11).

5. A drilling device for loosened and crushed coal seams according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating hole reinforcement assembly includes a locking platform (17) installed in the middle of the top surface of the deflection platform (15). Two tapered roller bearings facing different directions are sleeved on both sides of the inner end of the locking platform (17), and the locking platform (17) is rotatably connected to a first rotating shaft (18) that matches the tapered roller bearings. A first flange is fixed to one end of the first rotating shaft (18), and a second rotating shaft (19) that matches the first flange is installed on the first rotating shaft (18). A second flange is installed on both ends of the second rotating shaft (19), and a third rotating shaft (20) that matches the second flange is installed on one end of the second rotating shaft (19). An installation hole is opened on the other side of the third rotating shaft (20), and a threaded groove is opened on the inner side of the installation hole. Fixing holes are opened on both sides above and below the installation hole and connected to the third rotating shaft (20). A drill bit (21) that matches the installation hole and the fixing hole is threadedly connected to the third rotating shaft (20). A second fixing plate is installed on the other side of the deflection platform (15).

6. The drilling equipment for loosened and crushed coal seams according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first rotating shaft (18), the second rotating shaft (19) and the third rotating shaft (20) are all connected in the middle and have a collection hole (22). The collection hole (22) is provided with a water inlet groove (23) on both sides. Multiple reinforcing grooves (24) are provided at equal intervals on the outer side of the water inlet groove (23). The reinforcing groove (24) of the first rotating shaft (18) does not penetrate the other end of the first rotating shaft (18). The reinforcing groove (24) of the third rotating shaft (20) does not penetrate the other end of the third rotating shaft (20). Multiple one-way holes with connecting reinforcing grooves (24) are provided on the outer side of the third rotating shaft (20). A one-way platform with an inclined angle is welded and installed below the inner end of the one-way hole. An exhaust platform with multiple connecting grooves at equal intervals is installed above the inner end of the one-way hole. A one-way ball is slidably installed above the one-way platform. A spring is fixed above the one-way ball. The other end of the spring abuts against the inner side of the exhaust platform.

7. A drilling device for loosened and crushed coal seams according to claim 5, characterized in that: The other end of the first rotating shaft (18) is provided with a supply groove (25) that connects to the reinforcing groove (24). Both sides of the multiple supply grooves (25) are fitted with sealed bearings that are sleeved on the outside of the first rotating shaft (18). A supply platform (26) is fixedly connected to the outer end between two of the sealed bearings. A first supply pipe is connected to the top surface of the supply platform (26). The other end of the first rotating shaft (18) is respectively fitted with a first fixing ring (32) and a second fixing ring (33) that match the water inlet groove (23) and the collection hole (22).

8. A drilling device for loose and crushed coal seams according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first fixing ring (32) and the second fixing ring (33) are provided with rotating grooves at their far ends, and a water supply platform (27) that matches the rotating groove is rotatably connected between the first fixing ring (32) and the second fixing ring (33). The water supply platform (27) is connected to the cavity formed by the first fixing ring (32) and the second fixing ring (33), and a second supply pipe is installed at the front end of the water supply platform (27) in the cavity.

9. A drilling device for loose and crushed coal seams according to claim 5, characterized in that: The deflection platform (15) works with the second fixing plate to fix and limit the water supply platform (27), and the inner end of the second fixing block (33) is fitted with a rotating bearing, and a flexible corrugated pipe is installed on the inner side of the rotating bearing.

10. A drilling device for loose and crushed coal seams according to claim 8, characterized in that: The other end of the corrugated pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the collection box (16), and a servo motor (30) is installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the deflection platform (15); the output shaft of the servo motor (30) is fixed with a gear (31), and a drive groove is opened on the other side of the deflection platform (15). Multiple teeth (29) of the meshing transmission of the first rotating shaft (18) are installed at equal intervals on the outer side of the shaft.

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