Storage box upper bottom assembly and rocket

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aircrafts, and particularly discloses a storage box upper bottom assembly and a rocket, the storage box upper bottom assembly comprises a storage box upper bottom and an energy dissipater, the storage box upper bottom comprises a body part and a common bottom part, the body part and the common bottom part are connected in a sealed mode, a hemispherical air pillow space is jointly formed by the body part and the common bottom part, and the energy dissipater is located in the air pillow space; the common bottom is the upper bottom of the energy dissipater, the energy dissipater is provided with an energy dissipation inlet pipe, and the energy dissipation inlet pipe penetrates through the common bottom and is communicated with the air pillow space. The common bottom of the upper bottom of the storage box serves as the upper bottom of the energy dissipater, the upper bottom of the energy dissipater and the upper bottom of the storage box are shared, then a gap between the energy dissipater and the upper bottom of the storage box is eliminated, gas between the energy dissipater and the upper bottom of the storage box is prevented from forming vortexes, and the gas flow field state in the storage box is improved. As the upper bottom of the energy dissipater and the upper bottom of the storage box are shared, the upper bottom of the energy dissipater does not need to be independently and additionally arranged, and therefore light weight is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aircraft technology, in particular to a tank top assembly and a rocket. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tank is an important device for storing and managing liquid rocket propellant, and is also the largest device in volume in the liquid rocket. The tank is crucial to the stable operation of the liquid rocket propellant pressurized delivery system. Due to changes in factors such as speed regulation, posture adjustment, vibration, and overload during rocket flight, the liquid propellant in the tank is prone to form turbulence and vortex, thereby affecting the stable supply of oxidizer and fuel. Therefore, the liquid propellant in the tank is usually controlled to be smooth under a certain uniform speed and high-pressure gas. In order to input high-pressure gas with uniform flow rate into the tank, an energy dissipation device needs to be added inside the tank to reduce the kinetic energy of the high-pressure gas.

[0003] In related technologies, the flow field distribution of the gas entering the tank is improved by optimizing the structure of the energy dissipator, but vortexes are still more likely to form between the energy dissipator and the tank top and in the surrounding area, which is not conducive to the flow state management of the propellant in the tank. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a tank top assembly and a rocket that avoids vortex formation of gas between the energy dissipator and the tank top while also considering lightweight.

[0005] The present application provides a tank top assembly, comprising:

[0006] A tank top, comprising a body portion and a common bottom portion, the body portion and the common bottom portion being sealingly connected, and the body portion and the common bottom portion together forming a semispherical air pillow space;

[0007] An energy dissipator located in the air pillow space, the common bottom portion being the top of the energy dissipator, the energy dissipator being provided with an energy dissipation inlet pipe, the energy dissipation inlet pipe penetrating through the common bottom portion and communicating with the air pillow space.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the tank top assembly, the tank top is of a semispherical structure, the body portion and the common bottom portion are integrally formed, the energy dissipator is fixedly connected to the common bottom portion, and the energy dissipation inlet pipe is sealingly connected or welded to the common bottom portion.

[0009] As the preferred technical scheme of the upper bottom assembly of the storage tank, the perforated inner wall, the perforated middle wall and the perforated outer wall are arranged in the direction perpendicular to and away from the axis of the energy dissipation inlet pipe, the two ends of the perforated inner wall, the perforated middle wall and the perforated outer wall are connected with the energy dissipation bottom plate and the common bottom respectively, the perforated inner wall is coaxial and communicated with the energy dissipation inlet pipe, the perforated inner wall, the perforated middle wall and the perforated outer wall are all provided with energy dissipation holes, and the energy dissipation inlet pipe is communicated with the air pillow space through the energy dissipation holes.

[0010] As the preferred technical scheme of the upper bottom assembly of the storage tank, the perforated inner wall, the perforated middle wall and the perforated outer wall are all arranged as thin-walled conical cylinder structures, and the large end is connected with the common bottom.

[0011] As the preferred technical scheme of the upper bottom assembly of the storage tank, the energy dissipation inlet pipe comprises a coaxial and communicated inlet straight pipe and an inlet diffusion pipe, and the large end diameter of the inlet diffusion pipe is less than or equal to the large end diameter of the perforated inner wall.

[0012] As the preferred technical scheme of the upper bottom assembly of the storage tank, a flow distribution and guide cone is arranged on the energy dissipation bottom plate, the flow distribution and guide cone extends towards the common bottom, and the flow distribution and guide cone is coaxial with the energy dissipation inlet pipe.

[0013] As the preferred technical scheme of the upper bottom assembly of the storage tank, a cavity is arranged between the flow distribution and guide cone and the energy dissipation bottom plate, an equalizing hole is arranged on the energy dissipation bottom plate, the equalizing hole is coaxial with the flow distribution and guide cone, the hole diameter of the equalizing hole is less than the diameter of the large end of the flow distribution and guide cone, and the cavity is communicated with the air pillow space through the equalizing hole.

[0014] As the preferred technical scheme of the upper bottom assembly of the storage tank, a plurality of energy dissipation holes are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the perforated inner wall, the perforated middle wall and the perforated outer wall, the plurality of energy dissipation holes on the perforated inner wall and the plurality of energy dissipation holes on the perforated middle wall are arranged staggered along the axis extension line of the energy dissipation inlet pipe, and the plurality of energy dissipation holes on the perforated middle wall and the plurality of energy dissipation holes on the perforated outer wall are arranged staggered along the axis extension line of the energy dissipation inlet pipe.

[0015] As the preferred technical scheme of the upper bottom assembly of the storage tank, along the direction from the common bottom to the energy dissipation bottom plate, the hole diameter of the plurality of energy dissipation holes on the perforated inner wall decreases; and / or,

[0016] Along the direction from the common bottom to the energy dissipation bottom plate, the hole diameter of the plurality of energy dissipation holes on the perforated middle wall decreases; and / or,

[0017] Along the direction from the common bottom to the energy dissipation bottom plate, the hole diameter of the plurality of energy dissipation holes on the perforated outer wall decreases.

[0018] The present application provides a rocket comprising the tank top bottom assembly of any of the above solutions.

[0019] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present application provides a tank top bottom assembly, which uses the common bottom of the tank top bottom as the upper bottom of the energy absorber, so that the upper bottom of the energy absorber and the tank top bottom are shared, thereby eliminating the gap between the energy absorber and the tank top bottom, avoiding the formation of vortex between the energy absorber and the tank top bottom, and improving the gas flow field state in the tank; since the upper bottom of the energy absorber is shared with the tank top bottom, there is no need to separately and additionally provide the upper bottom of the energy absorber, thereby improving the light weight. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a tank top bottom assembly in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the tank top bottom assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy absorbing bottom plate and a flow dividing and guiding cone in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a flow field distribution diagram of the tank top bottom assembly in the embodiment of the present application near the energy absorber.

[0025] In the drawings:

[0026] 1, tank top bottom; 11, body portion; 12, common bottom portion; 2, inlet straight pipe; 3, inlet diffuser pipe; 4, energy absorber; 41, porous inner wall; 42, porous middle wall; 43, porous outer wall; 5, flow dividing and guiding cone; 51, blade; 6, energy absorbing bottom plate; 61, pressure equalizing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions, and moreover, the "above", "over" and "on" of the first feature to the second feature include the first feature above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicate that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The "below", "under" and "under" of the first feature to the second feature include the first feature below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicate that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0031] As Figures 1-4As shown, the present invention provides a tank upper bottom assembly, which includes a tank upper bottom 1 and an energy dissipator 4 installed on the tank upper bottom 1. The tank upper bottom 1 includes a body part 11 and a common bottom 12, which are sealed together and form a hemispherical air cushion space. The energy dissipator 4 is located in the air cushion space, and the common bottom 12 is the upper bottom of the energy dissipator 4. The energy dissipator 4 is provided with an energy dissipation inlet pipe, which passes through the common bottom 12 and communicates with the air cushion space. By using the common bottom 12 of the tank upper bottom 1 as the upper bottom of the energy dissipator 4, the upper bottom of the energy dissipator 4 is shared with the tank upper bottom 1, thereby eliminating the gap between the energy dissipator 4 and the tank upper bottom 1, preventing the formation of vortices in the gas between the energy dissipator 4 and the tank upper bottom 1, and improving the gas flow field state in the tank. Since the upper bottom of the energy dissipator 4 is shared with the tank upper bottom 1, there is no need to set up a separate upper bottom for the energy dissipator 4, thereby improving the weight reduction.

[0032] Specifically, the upper bottom 1 of the storage tank has a hemispherical structure, and the corresponding body part 11 and common bottom 12 can be welded together or integrally formed. When the body part 11 and the common bottom 12 are integrally formed, the energy dissipator 4 is fixedly connected to the common bottom 12. The connection method is preferably welded or detachably sealed. The common bottom 12 is provided with a hole for gas to enter, and the energy dissipation inlet pipe is welded or sealed to the common bottom 12. In this embodiment, the energy dissipation inlet pipe is welded to the common bottom 12, and the energy dissipator 4 is welded to the common bottom 12. When the body part 11 and the common bottom 12 are welded together, the body part 11 and the common bottom 12 are respectively two parts of the upper bottom 1 of the storage tank. The curvature at the welding connection position does not change significantly, avoiding large stress at the weld. The energy dissipator 4 can be fixed to the common bottom 12 first, and then the common bottom 12 can be welded to the body part 11 to reduce the assembly difficulty. In this embodiment, the main body 11 and the common bottom 12 are preferably integrally formed to avoid the risk of weld cracking between the main body 11 and the common bottom 12. Furthermore, the structure of the tank top bottom 1 composed of the integrally formed main body 11 and the common bottom 12 is complete and has better mechanical properties.

[0033] Furthermore, the tank can serve as an oxidizer tank, with its upper bottom directly above the upper stage engine nozzle (not shown in the figure); it can also serve as a fuel tank, and a propellant tunnel pipe (not shown in the figure) can be installed inside the fuel tank, with the tunnel pipe coaxial with the tank. To avoid the upper stage engine nozzle or tunnel pipe, the mounting point of the energy dissipator 4 on the common bottom 12 is offset relative to the apex of the upper bottom 1 of the tank. For details, please refer to... Figure 2 There is an offset angle between the line connecting the intersection of the plane containing one end of the opening of the tank bottom 1 and the centerline of the tank bottom 1, to the mounting point of the energy dissipator 4 on the common bottom 12, and the centerline of the tank bottom 1. Please refer to [reference needed] for this offset angle. Figure 2As shown in Figure α, its value ranges from 40° to 50°, such as 40°, 41°, 42°, 43°, 44°, 45°, 46°, 47°, 48°, 49°, or 50°. In this embodiment, 45° is preferred. This effectively avoids the upper stage engine nozzle or tunnel pipe while maintaining the distance between the energy dissipator 4 and the upper stage engine nozzle or tunnel pipe, preventing the rocket's axial dimension from being too long or interfering with the engine nozzle, and also preventing vortices or turbulence from occurring after the gas enters the gas cushion space due to the influence of the tunnel pipe. At the same time, it also prevents the installation point of the energy dissipator 4 from being too far away from the apex of the upper bottom 1 of the tank, which would lead to uneven gas distribution in the gas cushion space or a reduced response speed to changes in gas pressure.

[0034] Further, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, along a direction perpendicular to and away from the axis of the energy dissipation inlet pipe, the energy dissipator 4 is provided with a porous inner wall 41, a porous middle wall 42, and a porous outer wall 43 at intervals. The two ends of the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43 are connected to the energy dissipation base plate 6 and the common bottom 12, respectively, preferably by welding. The porous inner wall 41 is coaxial with and communicates with the energy dissipation inlet pipe, and the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43 are arranged in parallel. Each of the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43 is provided with energy dissipation holes, and the energy dissipation inlet pipe communicates with the air cushion space through these energy dissipation holes. The area where the energy-dissipating base plate 6 connects with the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42 and porous outer wall 43 is enclosed. The gas in the energy-dissipating inlet pipe can only enter the air cushion space through the energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42 and porous outer wall 43 in sequence, thereby achieving the purpose of consuming the kinetic energy of the gas.

[0035] Specifically, the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43 are all thin-walled parts, which reduce weight while achieving functionality, thereby improving the lightweight design. In this embodiment, the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43 are all configured as coaxial thin-walled conical structures, with the large end connected to the common bottom 12 and the small end connected to the energy-dissipating base plate 6. The diameters of the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43 gradually decrease along the gas flow direction.

[0036] Furthermore, the energy dissipation inlet pipe includes a coaxial and connected inlet straight pipe 2 and an inlet diffuser 3. The inlet diffuser 3 has a funnel-shaped structure, with the small end diameter equal to the diameter of the inlet straight pipe 2 and the large end diameter less than or equal to the large end diameter of the porous inner wall 41. Gas enters the porous inner wall 41 after passing through the inlet straight pipe 2 and the inlet diffuser 3 sequentially. When passing through the inlet diffuser 3, the gas velocity decreases, thereby reducing the initial kinetic energy of the gas entering the porous inner wall 41. Please refer to... Figure 2As shown, the inlet diffuser 3 is a tapered tube, and the angle between it and the extension of the inlet straight tube 2 is the diffusion angle. Please refer to [reference needed] for details. Figure 2 As shown in β, in this embodiment, the diffusion angle ranges from 30° to 50°, such as 30°, 31°, 32°, 33°, 34°, 35°, 36°, 37°, 38°, 39°, 40°, 41°, 42°, 43°, 44°, 45°, 46°, 47°, 48°, 49° or 50°, preferably 40°, so that the initial kinetic energy of the gas entering the porous inner wall 41 is reduced while ensuring that the gas has a good flow state.

[0037] Furthermore, the diameter of the larger end of the inlet diffuser 3 is less than or equal to the diameter of the larger end of the porous inner wall 41. Specifically, the gas enters the inlet diffuser 3 along the inlet straight pipe 2, and then enters the porous inner wall 41 sequentially. It then rushes along the porous inner wall 41 towards the energy-dissipating base plate 6. During this process, the diameter of the porous inner wall 41 gradually decreases axially. The small holes near the base plate effectively weaken the kinetic energy generated by the fluid impact around the base plate. As the gas enters the porous inner wall 41 and rushes towards the energy-dissipating base plate 6, the porous inner wall 41 reduces its kinetic energy. Some of the gas collides with the porous inner wall 41 and enters the area between the porous inner wall 41 and the porous middle wall 42 through the energy-dissipating holes of the porous inner wall 41. Similarly, the gas collides with the porous middle wall 42 and enters the area between the porous middle wall 42 and the porous outer wall 43 through the energy-dissipating holes of the porous middle wall 42. Similarly, some of the gas collides with the porous outer wall 43 and enters the air cushion space through the energy-dissipating holes of the porous outer wall 43. The porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43 are coaxial and parallel. Please refer to... Figure 2 As shown, in the cross-sectional view of the tank upper bottom assembly on the plane containing the axis of the tank upper bottom 1 and the axis of the energy dissipator 4, a normal line is drawn at the intersection of the porous outer wall 43 and the common bottom 12. The angle between the porous outer wall 43 and this normal line is γ. In this embodiment, the value of γ ranges from 2° to 10°, for example, it can be 2°, 3°, 4°, 5°, 6°, 7°, 8°, 9° or 10°. In this embodiment, γ is preferably 7°.

[0038] Specifically, multiple energy-dissipating holes are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43. That is, the multiple energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall 41 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the inner wall 41, and the axial distance between two holes decreases appropriately as the hole diameter decreases; that is, the center distance between two adjacent energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall 41 gradually decreases along the direction from the bottom 12 to the energy-dissipating base plate 6. Similarly, the multiple energy-dissipating holes on the porous middle wall 42 are uniformly distributed circumferentially along the middle wall 42, and the axial distance between two holes decreases appropriately as the hole diameter decreases; that is, the center distance between two adjacent energy-dissipating holes on the porous middle wall 42 gradually decreases along the direction from the bottom 12 to the energy-dissipating base plate 6. Likewise, the multiple energy-dissipating holes on the porous outer wall 43 are uniformly distributed circumferentially along the outer wall 43, and the axial distance between two holes decreases appropriately as the hole diameter decreases; that is, the center distance between two adjacent energy-dissipating holes gradually decreases along the direction from the bottom 12 to the energy-dissipating base plate 6. Multiple energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall 41 and multiple energy-dissipating holes on the porous middle wall 42 are staggered along the circumference and axial direction of the energy dissipator. This prevents gas from passing directly through the energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall 41 and then through the energy-dissipating holes on the porous middle wall 42. Instead, the gas is forced to collide with areas on the porous middle wall 42 without energy-dissipating holes, effectively reducing the kinetic energy of the gas. Similarly, multiple energy-dissipating holes on the porous middle wall 42 and multiple energy-dissipating holes on the porous outer wall 43 are staggered along the circumference and axial direction of the energy dissipator. This prevents gas from passing directly through the energy-dissipating holes on the porous middle wall 42 and then through the energy-dissipating holes on the porous outer wall 43. Instead, the gas is forced to collide with areas on the porous outer wall 43 without energy-dissipating holes, further reducing the kinetic energy of the gas.

[0039] Specifically, along the direction from the bottom 12 to the energy-dissipating base plate 6, i.e., along the direction of gas flow inside the porous inner wall 41, the aperture of the plurality of energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall 41 decreases. And / or, along the direction from the bottom 12 to the energy-dissipating base plate 6, the aperture of the plurality of energy-dissipating holes on the porous middle wall 42 decreases. And / or, along the direction from the bottom 12 to the energy-dissipating base plate 6, the aperture of the plurality of energy-dissipating holes on the porous outer wall 43 decreases. In this embodiment, along the direction from the bottom 12 to the energy-dissipating base plate 6, the aperture of the plurality of energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall 41 decreases, the aperture of the plurality of energy-dissipating holes on the porous middle wall 42 decreases, and the aperture of the plurality of energy-dissipating holes on the porous outer wall 43 decreases, and can decrease according to a fixed difference, i.e., along the direction from the bottom 12 to the energy-dissipating base plate 6, the apertures of the energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall 41, the porous middle wall 42, and the porous outer wall 43 are all set according to an arithmetic sequence. Due to the fluid impact effect, the flow velocity gradually increases along the direction from the bottom 12 to the energy dissipation base plate 6. With this arrangement, the energy dissipation holes near the bottom 12 have larger diameters and slightly worse energy dissipation effects, while the energy dissipation holes near the energy dissipation base plate 6 have smaller diameters and better energy dissipation effects. The difference in flow velocity of the gas entering the porous middle wall 42 from the porous inner wall 41 in the axial direction of the energy dissipator 4 is reduced. Similarly, the amount of gas entering the porous outer wall 43 from the porous middle wall 42 in the axial direction of the energy dissipator 4 is equal, and the difference in flow velocity of the gas entering the air cushion space from the porous outer wall 43 in the axial direction of the energy dissipator 4 is further reduced, making the gas velocity distribution in the air cushion area more uniform.

[0040] Specifically, the porosity of the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43 increases in a geometric progression, with the common ratio ranging from 1.1 to 2, such as 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, or 2. In this embodiment, the common ratio of the increasing porosity of the porous inner wall 41, porous middle wall 42, and porous outer wall 43 is 1.2, which further improves weight reduction while ensuring the reduction of gas kinetic energy.

[0041] Furthermore, a flow-diverting cone 5 is provided on the energy-dissipating base plate 6. The flow-diverting cone 5 extends towards the bottom 12 and is coaxial with the energy-dissipating inlet pipe, meaning that the axis or center line of the flow-diverting cone 5 coincides with the axis of the energy dissipator 4. With the flow-diverting cone 5, the gas enters the porous inner wall 41 and continues to flow forward. After being dispersed and diverted by the flow-diverting cone 5, the gas is guided to the porous inner wall 41 and enters the space between the porous inner wall 41 and the porous middle wall 42 through the energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall 41. The flow-diverting cone 5 is designed as a hollow structure to improve weight reduction. The flow-diverting cone 5 includes multiple blades 51, which are evenly distributed along the axis of the flow-diverting cone 5. The blades 51 are welded to the flow-diverting cone 5. The top material of the flow-diverting cone 5 is thickened and machined into a hemispherical structure to resist the impact of the incoming gas flow. The main body of blade 51 is a conical surface, and the profile of the conical surface is tangent to the top profile of the hemispherical structure. The profile of the conical surface is a logarithmic spiral, which makes the gas diversion and diffusion more natural and smooth. The number of blades 51 is a positive integer multiple of 4, such as 4, 8, 12, or 16. In this embodiment, there are 8 blades 51. By setting the diversion and guide cone 5, the structural strength of the energy dissipator 4 can be further improved. Please refer to the height of the diversion and guide cone 5. Figure 2 As shown in h, please refer to the height of the energy dissipator 4 within the air cushion space. Figure 2 As shown by H in the figure, the ratio of the height of the diversion cone 5 to the height of the energy dissipator 4 within the air cushion space ranges from 0.3 to 0.4, for example, it can be 0.3, 0.31, 0.32, 0.33, 0.34, 0.35, 0.36, 0.37, 0.38, 0.39, or 0.4. In this embodiment, the ratio of the height of the diversion cone 5 to the height of the energy dissipator 4 within the air cushion space is preferably 0.37, in order to balance the diversion and guiding effect of the gas with the reduction of material usage and the improvement of lightweight design.

[0042] Optionally, a cavity exists between the diversion guide cone 5 and the energy dissipation base plate 6. When high-pressure gas is introduced into the storage tank, the pressure on the side of the diversion guide cone 5 facing the airflow is greater than the pressure on the side facing the cavity. Therefore, to prevent deformation of the diversion guide cone 5, the energy dissipation base plate 6 in this embodiment is provided with a pressure equalization hole 61. The pressure equalization hole 61 is coaxial with the diversion guide cone 5, and the diameter of the pressure equalization hole 61 is smaller than the diameter of the large end of the diversion guide cone 5. The cavity is connected to the air cushion space through the pressure equalization hole 61, thereby reducing the pressure difference on both sides of the diversion guide cone 5 and reducing the risk of deformation. The diameter of the pressure equalization hole 61 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in d, the large end diameter of the diversion guide cone 5 is as follows: Figure 2As shown in D, the ratio of the diameter of the equalizing hole 61 to the diameter of the large end of the flow diversion cone 5 ranges from 0.3 to 0.8, for example, it can be 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, or 0.8. In this embodiment, the ratio of the diameter of the equalizing hole 61 to the diameter of the large end of the flow diversion cone 5 is preferably 0.7, which improves the lightweight effect while ensuring the structural strength at the connection position between the large end of the equalizing hole 61 and the energy dissipation base plate 6.

[0043] Through simulation analysis, and by applying the tank top bottom assembly in this embodiment, the flow field distribution of the gas entering the air cushion space of the tank top bottom 1 near the energy dissipator 4 when high-pressure gas is introduced into the tank is shown in the figure below. Figure 4 As shown, there is no longer a flow field such as vortices or turbulence that is detrimental to the flow management of propellants in the tank.

[0044] This invention provides a rocket, including the tank upper bottom assembly of this embodiment. By setting up the tank upper bottom assembly of this embodiment, it is beneficial to the flow management of propellant and also improves the weight reduction.

[0045] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A storage tank bottom assembly, characterized in that, include: The upper bottom (1) of the storage tank includes a main body (11) and a common bottom (12). The main body (11) and the common bottom (12) are sealed together, and the main body (11) and the common bottom (12) together form a hemispherical air cushion space. Energy dissipator (4), the energy dissipator (4) is located in the air cushion space, the common bottom (12) is the upper bottom of the energy dissipator (4), the energy dissipator (4) is provided with an energy dissipation inlet pipe, the energy dissipation inlet pipe passes through the common bottom (12) and communicates with the air cushion space.

2. The tank bottom assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper bottom (1) of the storage tank is a hemispherical structure. The main body (11) and the common bottom (12) are integrally formed. The energy dissipator (4) is fixedly connected to the common bottom (12). The energy dissipation inlet pipe is welded or sealed to the common bottom (12).

3. The tank bottom assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along a direction perpendicular to and away from the axis of the energy dissipation inlet pipe, the energy dissipator (4) is provided with a porous inner wall (41), a porous middle wall (42), and a porous outer wall (43) at intervals. The two ends of the porous inner wall (41), the porous middle wall (42), and the porous outer wall (43) are respectively connected to the energy dissipation base plate (6) and the common bottom (12). The porous inner wall (41) is coaxial with and connected to the energy dissipation inlet pipe. The porous inner wall (41), the porous middle wall (42), and the porous outer wall (43) are all provided with energy dissipation holes. The energy dissipation inlet pipe is connected to the air cushion space through the energy dissipation holes.

4. The tank bottom assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The porous inner wall (41), the porous middle wall (42), and the porous outer wall (43) are all configured as thin-walled conical structures, and the large end is connected to the common bottom (12).

5. The tank bottom assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The energy dissipation inlet pipe includes a coaxial and connected inlet straight pipe (2) and an inlet diffuser pipe (3), wherein the large end diameter of the inlet diffuser pipe (3) is less than or equal to the large end diameter of the porous inner wall (41).

6. The tank bottom assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, A diversion guide cone (5) is provided on the energy dissipation base plate (6), the diversion guide cone (5) extends toward the common bottom (12), and the diversion guide cone (5) is coaxial with the energy dissipation inlet pipe.

7. The tank bottom assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, There is a cavity between the flow diversion cone (5) and the energy dissipation base plate (6). The energy dissipation base plate (6) is provided with a pressure equalization hole (61). The pressure equalization hole (61) is coaxial with the flow diversion cone (5). The diameter of the pressure equalization hole (61) is smaller than the diameter of the large end of the flow diversion cone (5). The cavity is connected to the air cushion space through the pressure equalization hole (61).

8. The tank bottom assembly according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, Multiple energy dissipation holes are uniformly provided on the outer circumference of the porous inner wall (41), the porous middle wall (42), and the porous outer wall (43). The multiple energy dissipation holes on the porous inner wall (41) and the multiple energy dissipation holes on the porous middle wall (42) are staggered along the direction of the extension of the axis of the energy dissipation inlet pipe. The multiple energy dissipation holes on the porous middle wall (42) and the multiple energy dissipation holes on the porous outer wall (43) are staggered along the direction of the extension of the axis of the energy dissipation inlet pipe.

9. The tank bottom assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, Along the direction from the common bottom (12) to the energy-dissipating base plate (6), the diameter of the plurality of energy-dissipating holes on the porous inner wall (41) decreases; and / or, Along the direction from the common bottom (12) to the energy-dissipating base plate (6), the diameter of the plurality of energy-dissipating holes on the porous middle wall (42) decreases; and / or, Along the direction from the common bottom (12) to the energy dissipation base plate (6), the diameter of the plurality of energy dissipation holes on the porous outer wall (43) decreases.

10. A rocket, characterized in that, Includes the tank bottom assembly as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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