Optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism capable of preventing condensation and high-concentration water vapor

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism capable of preventing condensation and high-concentration water vapor. The optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism comprises a reading head shell, an optical fiber correlation device, an internal condensation prevention assembly, electric heating anti-fog glass and an external water vapor removal assembly, the optical fiber correlation device is arranged in the reading head shell and is used for transmitting and receiving optical signals; the electric heating anti-fog glass is fixed on the front end face of the reading head shell, is arranged corresponding to the optical signal transmitting end and the optical signal receiving end of the optical fiber correlation device, and is used for protecting the optical fiber correlation device and preventing the surface of the optical fiber correlation device from condensation; the internal anti-condensation assembly is used for forming dry airflow circulation in the shell and discharging condensation generated in the shell; and the external water vapor removing assembly is used for spraying gas. The device achieves internal and external synchronous condensation prevention and high-concentration water vapor removal, adapts to severe working conditions and can also be used for walking alignment of other equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automation control technology, and more particularly to an anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor fiber optic transmission reading head mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] The reading head mechanism uses fiber optic through-beams for detection and signal transmission. The fiber optic transmitter is protected by glass. Due to the large gap between the through-beams, the optical signal is highly susceptible to condensation and high-concentration water vapor. Reading heads are often used around coking equipment, where temperature differences are significant. When the reading head is running, moisture is released as liquid water at the heat exchange interface, easily forming condensation on the outer surface of the reading head. Once this condensation, mixed with dust, adheres to the outer glass of the fiber optic transmitter, it causes refraction and scattering of the optical signal. Furthermore, when the reading head passes through areas with high-concentration water vapor, the vapor also affects the through-beam signal, causing attenuation and deviation. Additionally, if internal condensation adheres to the top of the reading head and drips onto bare components, it can create a short circuit between the metal electrodes, leading to power short circuits and electronic component failures. Generally, dehumidification of reading heads mainly relies on condensation to collect moisture from the air inside the cabinet and discharge it to the outside. This method is inefficient and cannot achieve rapid, large-scale, and accurate dehumidification. In particular, it lacks dehumidification solutions for the outer glass of the fiber optic transmitter, making it impossible to simultaneously dehumidify and remove condensation from both the inner and outer glass.

[0003] Existing technology CN118746871A discloses a method for separating the reading head from the optical fiber in an alignment device based on optical fiber transmission. Its core lies solely in overcoming attenuation through enhancing the intensity of emitted and received light and optimizing the optical fiber connection structure. It does not involve any anti-condensation or anti-high-concentration water vapor design, completely disregarding the impact of humidity on the optical signal during operation, and cannot solve the signal refraction and scattering problems caused by condensation. Existing technology CN215914164U discloses an anti-condensation module and a drinking water device, employing two anti-condensation methods: heating the light-transmitting substrate to a preset temperature and coating the substrate surface with an anti-fog coating. These methods only address condensation on a single external surface, failing to address the generation and discharge of condensation inside the reading head, nor solving the interference of high-concentration water vapor on the optical signal. Furthermore, the anti-fog coating is prone to wear and failure after long-term use. The heating method is only suitable for the viewing window of the drinking water device and is not adapted to the precision optical signal transmission requirements of optical fiber transmission, failing to avoid the impact of uneven heating on the optical signal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the aforementioned technical problems, an anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism is provided.

[0005] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows: A fiber optic transmission reading head mechanism that is resistant to condensation and high concentration of water vapor includes a reading head housing, a fiber optic beam transmitting device, an internal anti-condensation component, an electrically heated anti-fog glass, and an external water vapor removal component. The fiber optic transmitter is installed inside the reading head housing and is used to transmit and receive optical signals; The electrically heated anti-fog glass is fixed to the front end of the reading head housing and is correspondingly arranged with the optical signal transmitting end and optical signal receiving end of the optical fiber photoelectric device, in order to protect the optical fiber photoelectric device and prevent surface condensation. The internal anti-condensation assembly is located inside the reading head housing and includes a constant temperature heating chamber, an air intake mechanism, an air outlet mechanism, and a condensation discharge device. The constant temperature heating chamber is located at the top inside the reading head housing and contains a fan and heater for generating dry hot air. The air intake mechanism and the air outlet mechanism are located on opposite sides of the reading head housing and both have air dehumidification functions to form a dry airflow circulation within the housing. The condensation discharge device is located at the bottom inside the reading head housing to discharge condensation generated within the housing. The external water vapor removal assembly includes a duct assembly, a gas filter, a detection assembly, and a control assembly. The duct assembly includes an external duct, a connector, and at least two nozzles. The external duct is connected to an external air compressor gas source via the connector. The nozzles correspond to the optical transmission path of the fiber optic beam and the electrically heated anti-fog glass. The gas filter is located at the connection end between the external duct and the air compressor gas source and is used to purify the injected gas. The detection assembly is used to detect the water vapor concentration around the reading head. The control assembly is electrically connected to the detection assembly and the duct assembly respectively and is used to control the gas injection from the nozzles.

[0006] Furthermore, the heater in the constant temperature heating chamber is a ceramic constant temperature heater, and the fan works in conjunction with the heater to evenly deliver the heat generated by the heater to the inner cavity of the reading head housing.

[0007] Furthermore, the air intake mechanism is located at the upper part of the reading head housing, and the air outlet mechanism is located at the lower part of the reading head housing, forming a top-down airflow circulation.

[0008] Furthermore, the electrically heated anti-fog glass includes at least two layers of tempered glass and an adhesive layer for bonding the tempered glass. Adjacent tempered glass panes are fixed together by the adhesive layer, and the surface of at least one layer of tempered glass is provided with an electric heating element for heating and defogging.

[0009] Furthermore, the heating element is a metal heating wire, which is evenly distributed on the surface of the tempered glass and electrically connected to an external power source.

[0010] Furthermore, the nozzle includes an upper nozzle corresponding to the outer glass of the fiber optic transmitter and a front nozzle corresponding to the front end of the reading head housing. Each nozzle is connected to an external air duct through an internal pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection component is a water vapor sensor, and the control component is a gas injection controller. The water vapor sensor is electrically connected to the gas injection controller and is used to trigger nozzle injection based on the detected water vapor concentration.

[0012] Furthermore, the condensation discharge device includes a drainage structure and a detachable sealing component. The drainage structure is located at the bottom of the reading head housing and is used to guide the condensation flow to the sealing component. The sealing component is detachably connected to the reading head housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the drainage structure is an inclined drainage channel, the lowest end of which corresponds to the sealing component, which is a threaded plug that is threadedly connected to the reading head housing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention utilizes a constant-temperature heating chamber where a heater generates dry hot air. A fan evenly distributes this hot air into the inner cavity of the reading head housing, directly eliminating localized temperature differences within the housing and reducing condensation at its source. The air intake mechanism includes a dehumidification function, allowing external air to enter the housing after dehumidification, preventing the introduction of humid air. The air outlet mechanism simultaneously discharges humid air from the housing, working in conjunction with the hot air from the constant-temperature heating chamber to create a continuous dry airflow circulation, further suppressing condensation. The drainage structure and sealing components ensure that even if a small amount of condensation occurs inside the housing, it will be collected along the drainage structure and directed to the sealing components. The removable sealing components allow for rapid drainage of condensation, preventing it from dripping onto exposed electronic components and completely eliminating short circuits, component failures, and other malfunctions.

[0015] 2. The composite structure of the multi-layer tempered glass and adhesive layer of this invention not only ensures the light transmittance of the glass, but also enhances the structural strength through the adhesive layer, preventing the glass from cracking due to alternating hot and cold temperatures; after the electric heating element is energized, it uniformly heats the glass surface, ensuring that the glass temperature is always higher than the ambient dew point temperature, fundamentally preventing condensation from adhering.

[0016] 3. The nozzles of the duct assembly are respectively aligned with the outer glass of the fiber optic transmitter and the optical transmission path at the front end of the reading head, ensuring that the injected gas can directly act on the area where high-concentration water vapor is most likely to accumulate. The monitoring and control of the water vapor sensor and the gas injection controller can monitor the surrounding water vapor concentration in real time. When the concentration exceeds the standard, the controller is immediately triggered to start the injection. When the concentration reaches the standard, it automatically stops without manual intervention, improving the automation level of the device. At the same time, the duct assembly is directly compatible with the air compressor gas source of the coking equipment, eliminating the need for additional large-scale gas source equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Reading head housing; 2. Fiber optic transmitter; 11. Fan; 12. Thermostatic heater; 16. Air inlet mechanism; 17. Air outlet mechanism; 21. Condensation discharge device; 31. Electricly heated anti-fog glass; 32. Metal heating wire; 90. Air compressor gas inlet; 91. External air duct; 92. Connector; 93. Upper nozzle on the outer glass of the fiber optic transmitter; 94. Front nozzle of the reading head; 95. Internal piping; 101. Gas oil and water removal filtration device; 102. Moisture and water vapor sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0027] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways, rotated 90 degrees, or in other orientations, and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0028] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] The reading head is mainly used for vehicle positioning and furnace number identification of coke pushers / quenchers / coal charging cars in extremely harsh environments. It is primarily used for automatically identifying the position and status of key equipment (such as coke pushers, quenchers, and coal charging cars) and coke oven furnace numbers, and is one of the core sensors for achieving automated and intelligent coke oven operation (such as automatic alignment and operation of the "four major vehicles"). Currently, the most commonly used position identification device for coke oven vehicles consists of three parts: a reading head, a decoder, and an encoder disk. The reading head detects the code on the encoder disk and transmits the coded signal to the decoder. The decoder decodes the encoder disk encoding into position information such as the furnace number, providing it to the PLC system of the coke oven vehicle to achieve vehicle alignment and interlocking operations. The reading head operates in the high-temperature environment of the furnace area, especially near the furnace body. The reading head needs to be able to operate stably in ambient temperatures ranging from 60℃ to 300℃ or even higher (depending on the installation location). It uses a metal shell to resist the corrosive gases and chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and tar in the furnace gas.

[0030] To address the problem that existing technologies cannot simultaneously dehumidify and remove condensation from both the inner and outer glass surfaces, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention discloses an anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism, including a reading head housing 1, an optical fiber transmitting device 2, an internal anti-condensation component, an electrically heated anti-fog glass 31, and an external water vapor removal component; The fiber optic transmitter 2 is installed inside the reading head housing 1 and is used to transmit and receive optical signals. The electrically heated anti-fog glass 31 is fixed to the front end face of the reading head housing 1 and is correspondingly set with the optical signal transmitting end and optical signal receiving end of the fiber optic transmitter 2. Specifically, a rectangular mounting groove adapted to the electrically heated anti-fog glass is opened on the front end face of the housing. Optionally, a silicone sealing gasket is provided in the groove to better prevent external moisture from seeping in from the gap between the glass and the housing. It is used to protect the fiber optic transmitter 2 and prevent surface condensation. The internal anti-condensation assembly is located inside the reading head housing 1 and includes a constant temperature heating chamber, an air inlet mechanism 16, an air outlet mechanism 17, and a condensation discharge device 21. The constant temperature heating chamber is located at the top inside the reading head housing 1 and contains a fan 11 and a heater for generating dry hot air. The fan 11 and the heater are both fixed to the inner cavity of the heating chamber by bolts. The air outlet of the fan 11 faces the air distribution hole opened in the heating chamber, and the air distribution hole communicates with the inner cavity of the housing 1. The air inlet mechanism 16 and the air outlet mechanism 17 are respectively located on opposite sides of the reading head housing 1 and both have air dehumidification functions to form a dry airflow circulation inside the housing. Specifically, they can be dehumidification filter elements. The condensation discharge device 21 is located at the bottom inside the reading head housing 1 and is used to discharge the condensation generated inside the housing. The external water vapor removal assembly includes a duct assembly, a gas filter, a detection assembly, and a control assembly. The duct assembly includes an external duct 91, a connector 92, and at least two nozzles. The external duct 91 is connected to an external air compressor gas source 90 via the connector 92. The nozzles are positioned corresponding to the optical transmission path of the fiber optic beam transmitter 2 and the electrically heated anti-fog glass 31. The gas filter is specifically a gas oil and water removal filter 101, which is located at the connection end between the external duct 91 and the external air compressor gas source 90 and is used to purify the injected gas. The detection assembly is used to detect the water vapor concentration around the reading head. The control assembly is electrically connected to the detection assembly and the duct assembly respectively and is used to control the gas injection from the nozzles.

[0031] Furthermore, the heater of the constant temperature heating chamber is a constant temperature heater 12. In this embodiment, it is made of ceramic material. The fan 11 works in conjunction with the constant temperature heater 12 to uniformly transport the heat generated by the constant temperature heater 12 to the inner cavity of the reading head housing 1. Specifically, the fan 11 uniformly transports the heat generated by the constant temperature heater 12 to the inner cavity of the reading head housing 1 through the air distribution hole.

[0032] Furthermore, the air intake mechanism 16 is located at the upper part of the reading head housing 1, and the air outlet mechanism 17 is located at the lower part of the reading head housing 1, forming a top-down airflow circulation.

[0033] Furthermore, the electrically heated anti-fog glass 31 includes at least two layers of tempered glass and an adhesive layer for bonding the tempered glass. Adjacent tempered glass panes are fixed together by the adhesive layer, and the surface of at least one layer of tempered glass is provided with an electric heating element for heating and defogging.

[0034] Furthermore, the heating element is a metal heating wire 32, which is evenly distributed on the surface of the tempered glass. Both ends of the metal heating wire 32 are led out through wires. After the wires pass through the reserved holes at the edge of the glass, they are sealed with sealant. The wires are electrically connected to an external power source.

[0035] Furthermore, the nozzle includes an upper nozzle 93 on the outer glass of the fiber optic transmitter corresponding to the outer glass of the fiber optic transmitter, and a front nozzle 94 on the front side of the reading head corresponding to the front end of the reading head housing 1. Each nozzle is connected to an external air duct 91 through an internal pipe 95.

[0036] Furthermore, the detection component is a moisture and water vapor sensor 102, and the control component is a gas injection controller. The moisture and water vapor sensor 102 is electrically connected to the gas injection controller, and the gas injection controller is electrically connected to the air compressor solenoid valve, for triggering nozzle injection based on the detected water vapor concentration.

[0037] Furthermore, the condensation discharge device 21 includes a drainage structure and a detachable sealing component. The drainage structure is located at the bottom of the reading head housing 1 and is used to guide the condensation flow to the sealing component. The sealing component is detachably connected to the reading head housing 1.

[0038] Furthermore, the drainage structure is an inclined drainage channel, the lowest end of which corresponds to the sealing component, which is a threaded plug that is threadedly connected to the reading head housing 1.

[0039] The specific method of using this invention is as follows: Install the reading head housing in the working position, ensuring that the front face of the housing is perpendicular to the optical signal path of the fiber optic transmitter; embed the glass into the mounting groove at the front of the housing; connect the external air duct to the air compressor gas source via a connector, and connect the gas oil and water removal filter in series. Connect the wires of the electrically heated anti-fog glass, the moisture and water vapor sensors, and the constant temperature heating chamber to the external power supply and controller, respectively.

[0040] During equipment operation, the internal anti-condensation components and electrically heated anti-fog glass work continuously, while moisture and water vapor sensors monitor the ambient humidity in real time. When the humidity exceeds the preset value, the controller automatically activates the air compressor solenoid valve, and air is released from the nozzle. During equipment use, the plug of the condensation discharge device should be removed periodically to drain the condensate from the drainage channel.

[0041] This invention reduces the possibility of condensation inside the reading head by setting a constant temperature heating chamber inside the reading head. At the same time, metal heating wires are set on the outer glass of the fiber optic transmitter of the reading head, which is prone to condensation and affects product operation, to electrically heat and prevent fogging. This effectively avoids the impact of internal and external condensation on the transmission signal of the fiber optic cable of the reading head.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber optic transmission reading head mechanism that is resistant to condensation and high-concentration water vapor, characterized in that, Includes a reading head housing, a fiber optic beam transmitting device, an internal anti-condensation component, an electrically heated anti-fog glass, and an external water vapor removal component; The fiber optic transmitter is installed inside the reading head housing and is used to transmit and receive optical signals; The electrically heated anti-fog glass is fixed to the front end of the reading head housing and is correspondingly arranged with the optical signal transmitting end and optical signal receiving end of the optical fiber photoelectric device, in order to protect the optical fiber photoelectric device and prevent surface condensation. The internal anti-condensation assembly is located inside the reading head housing and includes a constant temperature heating chamber, an air intake mechanism, an air outlet mechanism, and a condensation discharge device. The constant temperature heating chamber is located at the top inside the reading head housing and contains a fan and heater for generating dry hot air. The air intake mechanism and the air outlet mechanism are located on opposite sides of the reading head housing and both have air dehumidification functions to form a dry airflow circulation within the housing. The condensation discharge device is located at the bottom inside the reading head housing to discharge condensation generated within the housing. The external water vapor removal assembly includes a duct assembly, a gas filter, a detection assembly, and a control assembly. The duct assembly includes an external duct, a connector, and at least two nozzles. The external duct is connected to an external air compressor gas source via the connector. The nozzles correspond to the optical transmission path of the fiber optic beam and the electrically heated anti-fog glass. The gas filter is located at the connection end between the external duct and the air compressor gas source and is used to purify the injected gas. The detection assembly is used to detect the water vapor concentration around the reading head. The control assembly is electrically connected to the detection assembly and the duct assembly respectively and is used to control the gas injection from the nozzles.

2. The anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heater in the constant temperature heating chamber is a ceramic constant temperature heater, and the fan works in conjunction with the heater to evenly deliver the heat generated by the heater to the inner cavity of the reading head housing.

3. The anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake mechanism is located at the upper part of the reading head housing, and the air outlet mechanism is located at the lower part of the reading head housing, forming a top-down airflow circulation.

4. The anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrically heated anti-fog glass includes at least two layers of tempered glass and an adhesive layer for bonding the tempered glass. Adjacent tempered glass panes are fixed together by the adhesive layer, and at least one layer of tempered glass has an electric heating element for heating and defogging on its surface.

5. The anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electrically heated anti-fog glass includes at least two layers of tempered glass and an adhesive layer for bonding the tempered glass. Adjacent tempered glass panes are fixed together by the adhesive layer, and at least one layer of tempered glass has an electric heating element for heating and defogging on its surface.

6. The anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzles include an upper nozzle corresponding to the outer glass of the fiber optic transmitter and a front nozzle corresponding to the front end of the reading head housing. Each nozzle is connected to an external air duct through an internal pipeline.

7. The anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection component is a water vapor sensor, and the control component is a gas injection controller. The water vapor sensor is electrically connected to the gas injection controller and is used to trigger nozzle injection based on the detected water vapor concentration.

8. The anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation discharge device includes a drainage structure and a detachable sealing component. The drainage structure is located at the bottom of the reading head housing and is used to guide the condensation flow to the sealing component. The sealing component is detachably connected to the reading head housing.

9. The anti-condensation and anti-high-concentration water vapor optical fiber transmission reading head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage structure is an inclined drainage channel, with the lowest end of the drainage channel corresponding to the sealing component, which is a threaded plug that is threadedly connected to the reading head housing.

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