A testing device and method for simulating the friction of high-performance fiber tow weaving opening processes

Abstract

This invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the weaving process of high-performance fiber bundles. The device includes a chassis platform, a motion module, a limiting module, a tension control module, and a friction module. The motion module includes a sliding mechanism and a fiber clamping mechanism. The sliding mechanism includes a slide table and a controller, with the fiber clamping mechanism positioned above the slide table. The limiting module includes a ceramic eye base and a ceramic eye. The tension control module includes a sensor base and a tension sensor, with a guide wheel for placing fibers on the tension sensor. The friction module includes a warp grinding head, a friction force sensor, and a sensor lifting frame. This invention enables friction experiments on high-performance fibers, simulating not only the warp friction caused by the weaving process's shedding behavior but also quantifying warp damage caused by multiple, large-angle, and variable-angle shedding actions, providing accurate data support for optimizing high-performance fiber weaving process parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-performance fiber bundle performance testing technology, and in particular relates to a testing device and method for simulating the friction between adjacent warp yarns caused by the opening behavior during the weaving process of high-performance fiber bundles. Background Technology

[0002] High-performance fibers are a class of advanced fiber materials with high specific strength, high specific modulus, and strong environmental adaptability. They possess advantages such as light weight, fatigue resistance, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, high and low temperature resistance, flame retardancy, and good dimensional stability. Composite materials prepared using high-performance fibers as reinforcement combine lightweight, high strength, and high stiffness, exhibiting excellent durability and damage tolerance. Furthermore, their design flexibility allows for the realization of functionalities such as dielectric transparency or electrical / thermal conductivity, depending on the fiber type. They have become important materials for key load-bearing and functional integrated components in aerospace, marine engineering, rail transportation, and defense equipment.

[0003] High-performance fibers, as reinforcements in composite materials, directly determine the mechanical properties and service life of the composite material through the structural integrity of the preform. During preform preparation, fibers typically pass through multiple metal components such as warp beams, stop warp pieces, heald frames, reeds, and front beams, and undergo a series of complex processes including warp feeding, shedding, weft insertion, beat-up, and winding to ultimately form a complete preform. Therefore, the complex mechanical behavior during weaving inevitably causes damage to the fibers. Existing research shows that compared to unwoven fibers, the strength of woven fibers typically decreases by 12%-30%, with the performance degradation rate reaching 6%-10% after shedding. Among fiber damage, inter-fiber friction is a significant source of weaving damage. Due to tension changes during weaving, fibers are prone to damage and breakage through repeated contact with adjacent fibers. This is especially true for high-performance fibers, whose higher modulus makes wear more severe, significantly affecting the weaving efficiency and forming quality of the preform. Therefore, studying the frictional damage of high-performance fibers during the weaving process is of great significance for controlling and optimizing the quality and production efficiency of high-performance fiber composite materials.

[0004] Currently, there are some studies in China on the frictional behavior of fibers caused by the shedding behavior during weaving. Application No. 201510989945.5 discloses a high-performance fiber friction testing device, which aims to simulate various friction modes of high-performance fibers during weaving by adjusting different modules. However, this device mainly focuses on evaluating the performance degradation of fibers after mechanical wear, lacking the ability to monitor instantaneous tribomechanical behavior in real time during the simulated shedding process. It cannot characterize the dynamic coupling law of frictional force with tension and displacement changes during the weaving shedding process in real time. Furthermore, its oscillating friction mechanism ignores the specific variable-angle friction mode caused by the tension change of warp yarns and the relative slippage and interlacing between yarns during the shedding process, and cannot simulate the specific spatial contact topology between warp yarns in complex actual weaving structures. Application No. 202110007201.4 discloses a device for simulating damage during fiber bundle weaving, which includes a variable-angle friction module between fiber bundles, capable of simulating the frictional wear state of fibers during the shedding process by adjusting fiber tension and friction rate. However, the friction mechanism of this device relies primarily on a single motion mode of its rocker arm, which differs from the actual frictional behavior of the fibers during the opening process. Furthermore, the device cannot adjust the opening angle and displacement, nor can it collect the friction coefficient variation curve during the friction process, limiting the quantitative analysis of the frictional behavior. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a test device for simulating the friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. This device can more accurately simulate and study the friction and wear of high-performance fibers caused by the repeated opening actions of the loom during the weaving process, thus making up for the deficiencies in the testing technology for high-performance fibers in this regard.

[0006] The present invention also provides a test method for simulating friction during the weaving opening process of high-performance fiber bundles, which can be used to determine the degree of performance damage to fibers under specific process parameters, provide a basis for evaluating the damage to high-performance fibers caused by the weaving opening process, and provide guidance for targeted optimization of process parameters in engineering applications, thereby maximizing the control of fiber damage.

[0007] The technical problem solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A testing device for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving includes a chassis platform and a testing platform composed of a motion module, a limiting module, a tension control module, a friction module, and a control module. The chassis platform supports the testing platform and houses its control circuitry. The motion module includes a sliding mechanism and a fiber clamping mechanism. The sliding mechanism includes a slide table, a slide table motor, and a controller. The slide table is controlled by the slide table motor, and the fiber clamping mechanism is located above the slide table. The slide table moves the tail of the experimental warp yarn through the fiber clamping mechanism to simulate the opening process of the experimental warp yarn. The limiting module includes a ceramic eye base and a ceramic eye to simulate the restriction of the interlacing opening on the position of the experimental warp yarn. The tension control module includes a sensor base and a tension sensor. The tension sensor has a guide wheel for placing fibers to simulate the tension on the experimental warp yarn. The friction module includes a warp grinding head, a friction sensor, and a sensor lifting frame. The sensor lifting frame includes a sensor fixing platform, a slide rail, and a support frame to simulate the frictional effect of adjacent warp yarns on the experimental warp yarn. The fiber clamping mechanism, the limiting module, and the tension control module maintain the fibers at the same horizontal height.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a clamp base and a clamp.

[0010] Moreover, the slide motor is a servo motor, and the slide is mounted on a lead screw driven by the slide motor. The movement speed of the slide is controlled to be 30-240 mm / s, and the stroke control range is 10-150 mm. The movement speed of the slide simulates the opening speed, and the movement of the slide forms a simulated opening angle.

[0011] Moreover, the inner diameter of the ceramic eye of the limiting module is 1.5-2.5mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the tension control module has a tension adjustment range of 0.1-1N.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of warp layers in the friction module is controlled within the range of 1-10 layers, and the friction force sensor has a range of 0-10N; the warp grinding head is installed with an adjustable angle, and the rotation angle range of the warp grinding head is 0-90°.

[0014] Moreover, the limiting module, the guide wheel, and the starting point of the slide table's stroke are all located on a straight line.

[0015] Furthermore, the horizontal distance between the slide table and the porcelain eye is 80-120mm, and the horizontal distance between the warp grinding head and the porcelain eye is 8-12mm.

[0016] The test method based on a test device simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Install the experimental warp yarn sample:

[0018] One end of the experimental warp yarn sample is clamped in the chuck of the fiber clamping mechanism; the experimental warp yarn sample is then passed sequentially through the ceramic eye of the limiting module and the guide wheel of the tension control module, and a weight is used to suspend the sample to control the pretension.

[0019] S2. Paste simulated adjacent warp fiber samples:

[0020] The fiber samples used to simulate adjacent warp yarns are sequentially pasted onto the warp grinding head according to the set number of fabric layers;

[0021] S4. Adjust the friction angle range:

[0022] Rotate the warp grinding head to the matching angle according to the working conditions and adjust the friction angle range;

[0023] S5. Set the simulated opening angle and opening rate:

[0024] The movement speed and stroke of the slide are adjusted by the controller to simulate the opening rate and opening angle.

[0025] S6. Set the contact force of the experimental warp yarn sample:

[0026] The sensor lifting frame of the control friction module slowly lowers the warp grinding head so that it begins to contact the experimental warp yarn, and the contact force reaches 0.05-0.15N;

[0027] S7. Start the device to conduct the experiment:

[0028] Simulate the warp yarn opening process: The fiber clamping mechanism of the slide table drives the tail of the experimental warp yarn to move. With the cooperation of the limiting module, the warp yarn is simulated to keep one end in a fixed position during the actual opening process, while the other end moves linearly back and forth with the fiber clamping mechanism of the slide table. This simulates the warp yarn opening process and collects data on the opening angle and opening rate of the experimental warp yarn.

[0029] Simulate the restriction of the interlacing point on the warp yarn position: The porcelain eye base and porcelain eye of the limiting module simulate the restriction of the interlacing point on the experimental warp yarn position;

[0030] Simulated warp tension: The tension control module uses a guide wheel and tension sensor to simulate the tension on the warp and collect the tension information of the experimental warp.

[0031] Simulate the frictional effect of adjacent warp yarns on the experimental warp yarn: Simulate the frictional effect of adjacent warp yarns on the experimental warp yarn through the friction module and obtain the friction coefficient information.

[0032] Furthermore, step S4, adjusting the opening friction angle range: The warp grinding head is rotated to a matching angle according to the working conditions, and the horizontal angle and opening angle range of the grinding head are adjusted. The specific steps are as follows:

[0033] A. Adjust the horizontal angle of the grinding head to a range of 0-30°:

[0034] Adjust the warp grinding head so that the angle between the adjacent warp fibers attached below the warp grinding head and the horizontal is controlled at 0-30°, so that the friction angle between the warp grinding head and the experimental warp is between 0-30°, and control the opening angle at 0-30° and the opening rate at 30-240mm / s.

[0035] B. Adjust the horizontal angle of the grinding head to a range of 30-60°;

[0036] Adjust the warp grinding head so that the angle between the adjacent warp fibers attached below the warp grinding head and the horizontal is controlled at 30-60°, so that the friction angle between the warp grinding head and the experimental warp is between 30-60°, and control the opening angle at 0-30° and the opening rate at 30-240mm / s.

[0037] C. Adjust the horizontal angle of the grinding head to a range of 60-90°;

[0038] Adjust the warp grinding head so that the angle between the adjacent warp fibers attached below the warp grinding head and the horizontal is controlled at 60-90°, so that the friction angle between the warp grinding head and the experimental warp is between 60-90°, and control the shedding angle at 0-30° and the shedding rate at 30-240mm / s.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0040] 1. This invention relates to a testing device and method for simulating the friction during the shedding process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. It employs a sliding mechanism in the motion module to perform reciprocating linear motion to simulate heald frame action. Based on the geometric mapping relationship between the slide travel and the shedding angle (i.e., the trigonometric function relationship formed by the vertical displacement of the slide and the horizontal length of the warp yarn), the invention uses a controller to precisely convert the preset shedding angle into the linear travel of the slide, and simultaneously convert the shedding rate into the linear motion speed of the slide, thereby achieving precise digital control of the shedding process. Compared to traditional testing devices that use a crank-rocker mechanism to generate an arc-shaped oscillation trajectory, this invention eliminates the non-real centrifugal force and lateral cutting component caused by the rocker arm motion. By adjusting the fiber pretension through the tension control module and controlling the fiber arrangement and contact method through the warp grinding head design, precise coordinated control of friction speed, friction travel, fiber tension, and the number of contact layers is achieved, thus simulating the real dynamic friction state of high-performance fibers during the shedding action in the weaving process.

[0041] 2. The present invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the shedding process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. By implementing reciprocating linear motion through a slide table in the motion module, it can accurately simulate the rate characteristics and displacement range of the heald frame movement during actual weaving. Compared with the shortcomings of existing technologies where the swing amplitude and motion speed are strongly coupled and cannot be independently adjusted, the present invention achieves independent decoupling control of shedding speed and shedding angle. From a kinematic perspective, it conforms to the linear motion mode of the heald frame during actual weaving, avoids the mechanical errors introduced by the traditional swing sweeping method, and significantly improves the realism of the simulation.

[0042] 3. The present invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. Through a tension control module, it achieves precise adjustment and flexible control of fiber pretension, which can simulate the complex tension environment of the warp yarn during weaving. Compared with the nonlinear tension fluctuation caused by geometric position changes during the swinging process of traditional devices, the present invention ensures the stability and repeatability of the initial tension conditions of the test, which meets the strict process requirements for warp tension control in high-performance fiber weaving.

[0043] 4. The present invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. Through the coordinated operation of the motion module, the limiting module, and the tension control module, strict constraints are achieved on the spatial position and movement trajectory of the warp yarns. Compared with the mechanical vibration and lateral shaking of the yarns that are easily generated by the traditional rocker arm structure under high-speed swing, the present invention constructs a stable mechanical closed-loop testing environment, ensuring that the fiber's behavior in the simulated opening motion strictly conforms to the actual weaving conditions and eliminating the influence of external mechanical interference on the test results.

[0044] 5. This invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. It innovatively designs a warp grinding head, which, by controlling the arrangement of fibers on the grinding head, can simulate the actual contact state between the warp yarns and adjacent warp yarn layers when the warp yarns follow the heald frame during the actual weaving process. Compared with the instability of side contact of the rocker arm in the prior art, this invention adopts a stable line contact method between the warp grinding head and the fiber sample under test, which truly restores the frictional topology of adjacent warp yarns during the opening process. Combined with sensor technology, it provides a reliable physical basis for accurately measuring the change of frictional force.

[0045] 6. The present invention provides a test device and method for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. Through the rotatable and adjustable design of the warp grinding head, different initial interlacing angles between the tested fiber sample and adjacent warp layers can be set. Compared with the limitations of traditional oscillating devices where the contact angle changes with the movement stroke and cannot be fixed, the present invention achieves decoupling between the fabric structure angle and the opening movement angle, thereby simulating the special friction behavior formed by the opening under complex prefabricated weaving conditions, filling the technical gap for variable angle friction testing for specific fabric structures.

[0046] 7. The present invention provides a test device and test method for simulating the friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. It constructs a three-channel data acquisition system that can simultaneously acquire signal curves of three dimensions: slide displacement, fiber tension, and friction. Compared with traditional devices that can only cause mechanical damage and cannot acquire process data in real time, the present invention achieves full-process visual monitoring of the test process and can conveniently and systematically analyze the time-varying law of friction and wear behavior of high-performance fibers during dynamic opening.

[0047] 8. This invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the shedding process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. Through the cooperation of the motion module, friction module, and tension control module, it realistically reproduces the comprehensive motion behavior of the warp yarn during the shedding process. Compared with the shortcomings of existing technologies that are difficult to distinguish between mechanical inertial force and real friction force, this invention, combined with a three-channel data acquisition system, can accurately capture the correspondence between the surge in warp yarn tension and the sudden change in friction force at the moment of shedding. This facilitates the system analysis of the interaction mechanism of various process parameters during dynamic friction, providing comprehensive data support for weaving process optimization.

[0048] 9. The present invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the shedding process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. It can comprehensively simulate friction behavior in the real weaving environment by precisely controlling key variables such as shedding angle, shedding rate, fiber pretension, number of adjacent warp yarn layers, and grinding head rotation angle. In particular, it can conduct more in-depth and extreme quantitative analysis on the sharp increase in warp tension caused by the rise of the heald frame during the shedding process, as well as the large-angle and variable-angle friction conditions generated by the relative interlacing of warp yarns.

[0049] 10. The present invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. This device and method can accurately and dynamically simulate and measure the friction behavior between warp yarns caused by the opening action during the weaving process of high-performance fibers. This testing device and method can not only be used to quantitatively determine the degree of performance damage to fibers under specific process parameters, but also provide a basis for evaluating the immediate damage mechanism of high-performance fibers caused by the opening process of weaving, compared with traditional methods that can only infer the lag of damage results through destructive experiments. This invention can also provide guidance for targeted optimization of process parameters in engineering applications, thereby maximizing the control of fiber damage.

[0050] 11. The present invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the weaving opening process of high-performance fiber bundles. This invention fills the technical gap in domestic research on the friction and wear of warp yarns caused by loom opening during the weaving process of high-performance fibers. The constructed testing environment can accurately reproduce the dynamic friction scenario of high-performance fibers during the high-speed opening process. Compared with the qualitative or rough simulation of opening friction in the existing technology, the present invention can systematically and quantitatively study the complex friction behavior between warp yarns during the opening action, and thus scientifically evaluate the adaptability of high-performance fibers as warp yarns in the weaving opening process.

[0051] 12. The present invention provides a testing device and method for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving. It is easy to operate and has high measurement accuracy, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the test results. Compared with the high cost, long cycle and many interference factors caused by actual machine weaving, it significantly reduces the testing cost and improves the experimental efficiency. It not only overcomes the limitations of machine testing, but also makes up for the lack of research on the damage mechanism of the opening action in the existing technology, providing technical support for improving the weaving efficiency and mechanical properties of high-performance fiber preforms.

[0052] 13. This invention not only helps to accurately evaluate the weaveability of high-performance fibers, but also provides a scientific basis for optimizing weaving process parameters. Compared with the traditional process adjustment method that relies solely on experience accumulation, this invention can provide accurate data support for actual production by simulating the friction performance of high-performance fibers as warp yarns during the weaving opening process. It has important application value and theoretical significance for improving the final performance consistency and structural uniformity of high-performance fiber preforms. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the friction module of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the variation of the friction coefficient of the high-performance fiber bundle of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 6 This is a surface morphology diagram of the high-performance fiber bundle after friction according to the present invention.

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of friction when the warp grinding head of the present invention is at 0°.

[0060] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of friction when the warp grinding head of the present invention is at 45°.

[0061] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of friction when the warp grinding head of the present invention is at 90°.

[0062] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0063] 1. Chassis platform; 2. Motion module; 3. Limit module; 4. Tension control module; 5. Friction module; 21. Sliding mechanism; 22. Fiber clamping mechanism; 31. Ceramic eye base; 32. Ceramic eye; 41. Sensor base; 42. Tension sensor; 43. Guide roller; 51. Warp grinding head; 52. Friction sensor; 53. Sensor lifting frame; 211. Slide table; 212. Controller; 221. Clamp base; 222. Clamp; 531. Sensor fixing platform; 532. Slide rail; 533. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The present invention will now be described in more detail through specific embodiments. These embodiments are intended to provide a further understanding and explanation of the present invention, and are for descriptive purposes only, and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] This invention provides a testing device for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving, such as... Figures 1 to 4As shown, the system includes a chassis platform 1, which houses the circuitry of the control module and a test platform. The test platform includes a motion module 2, a limit module 3, a tension control module 4, and a friction module 5, all mounted on top of the chassis platform 1. The motion module 2 includes a sliding mechanism 21 and a fiber clamping mechanism 22, used to simulate the heald frame movement pattern in the actual weaving process. The sliding mechanism 21 includes a slide table 211 and a controller 212, used to control the opening degree and rate of the heald frame during the experiment. The fiber clamping mechanism 22 includes a clamp base 221 and a clamp 222. The slide table 211 moves the tail of the experimental warp yarn through the fiber clamping mechanism 22, simulating the warp yarn opening process. The slide table motor is a servo motor, and the slide table 211 is mounted on a lead screw driven by the slide table motor. The movement speed of the slide table 211 is controlled to be 30-240 mm / s, and the stroke control range is 10-150 mm.

[0066] Specifically, the controller 212 is internally configured with geometric conversion logic between the opening angle and the slide travel. Since one end of the experimental warp yarn is positioned by the eyelet 32 ​​of the limiting module 3, while the other end reciprocates linearly perpendicular to the warp axis with the fiber clamping mechanism 22 on the slide 211, a simulated opening angle θ is formed between the experimental warp yarn and the horizontal axis. Let the travel of the slide 211 (i.e., the vertical displacement from the centerline) be S, and the horizontal distance between the slide 211 and the limiting module 3 be L, satisfying the trigonometric function relationship tan(θ) = S / L. During testing, by setting the target opening angle, the controller 212 calculates the required slide travel S according to this formula and drives the slide motor to that position, thereby simulating a specific opening angle θ by precisely controlling the linear travel S; simultaneously, the slide speed corresponds to the warp yarn opening rate.

[0067] The limiting module 3 includes a ceramic eye base 31 and a ceramic eye 32, which are used to restrict a portion of the fiber sample in a horizontal state to simulate the weave point during the weaving process, and to simulate the restriction of the interlacing point on the position of the experimental warp yarn. The inner diameter of the ceramic eye 32 of the limiting module 3 is 1.5-2.5 mm, and 2 mm is preferred in this embodiment.

[0068] The tension control module 4 includes a sensor base 41, a tension sensor 42, and a yarn guide wheel 43, used to control fiber tension and observe tension changes during the experiment. The tension control module 4 has a tension adjustment range of 0.1-1N and is used to simulate the tension experienced by the experimental warp yarn. The fiber clamping mechanism 22, the limiting module 3, and the tension control module 4 maintain the fibers at the same horizontal height.

[0069] The friction module 5 includes a warp grinding head 51, a friction sensor 52, and a sensor lifting frame 53. The warp grinding head 51 is used to simulate the frictional contact of fibers during actual weaving. The friction sensor 52 is used to collect the changes in frictional force and coefficient of friction during the experiment. The sensor lifting frame 53 includes a sensor fixing platform 531, a slide rail 532, and a support frame 533, used to fix the friction sensor 52 and adjust its height. The warp layer control range of the friction module 5 is 1-10 layers, and the sensor range is 0-10N. The rotation angle range of the warp grinding head 51 is 0-90°. The limit module 3, the guide wheel 43, and the starting point of the slide table 211 are located on a straight line. The horizontal distance between the slide table 211 and the eyelet 32 ​​is 80-120mm, preferably 100mm in this embodiment. The horizontal distance between the warp grinding head 51 and the eyelet 32 ​​is 8-12mm, preferably 10mm in this embodiment.

[0070] A test method using the aforementioned test apparatus for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving includes the following steps:

[0071] S1. Install the experimental warp yarn sample:

[0072] One end of the experimental warp yarn sample is clamped in the clamp 222 of the fiber clamping mechanism 22; the experimental warp yarn sample passes through the ceramic eye 32 of the limiting module 3 and the guide wheel 43 of the tension control module 4 in sequence, and a weight is used to suspend the sample to control the pretension.

[0073] S2. Paste simulated adjacent warp fiber samples:

[0074] The fiber samples used to simulate adjacent warp yarns are sequentially pasted onto the warp grinding head 51 according to the set number of fabric layers;

[0075] S4. Adjust the friction angle range:

[0076] According to the working conditions, rotate the warp grinding head 51 to the matching angle, and adjust the horizontal angle and opening angle range of the grinding head. The specific steps are as follows:

[0077] A. Adjust the horizontal angle of the grinding head to a range of 0-30°:

[0078] Adjust the warp grinding head 51 so that the angle between the adjacent warp fibers attached below the warp grinding head 51 and the horizontal is controlled at 0-30°, so that the friction angle between the warp grinding head 51 and the experimental warp is between 0-30°, such as 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, and control the opening angle at 0-30° and the opening rate at 30-240mm / s;

[0079] B. Adjust the horizontal angle of the grinding head to a range of 30-60°;

[0080] Adjust the warp grinding head 51 so that the angle between the adjacent warp fibers attached below the warp grinding head 51 and the horizontal is controlled at 30-60°, so that the friction angle between the warp grinding head 51 and the experimental warp is between 30-60°, such as 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, etc., and control the opening angle to be 0-30° and the opening rate to be 30-240mm / s;

[0081] C. Adjust the horizontal angle of the grinding head to a range of 60-90°;

[0082] Adjust the warp grinding head 51 so that the angle between the adjacent warp fibers attached below the warp grinding head 51 and the horizontal is controlled at 60-90°, so that the friction angle between the warp grinding head 51 and the experimental warp is close to 60-90°, such as 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, 90°, etc., and control the opening angle to be 0-30° and the opening rate to be 30-240mm / s.

[0083] S5. Set the simulated opening angle and opening rate:

[0084] The controller 212 adjusts the moving speed and moving stroke of the slide 211 to set the opening angle and opening rate.

[0085] S6. Set the contact force of the experimental warp yarn sample:

[0086] The sensor lifting frame 53 of the control friction module 5 slowly lowers the warp grinding head 51 so that it begins to contact the experimental warp yarn, so that the contact force reaches 0.05-0.15N;

[0087] S7. Start the device to conduct the experiment:

[0088] Simulated warp yarn opening process: The fiber clamping mechanism 22 of the slide table 211 drives the tail of the experimental warp yarn to move. With the cooperation of the limiting module 3, the warp yarn is reproduced in the actual opening process. One end of the warp yarn remains unchanged, while the other end moves linearly back and forth with the fiber clamping mechanism 22 of the slide table 211, thereby simulating the warp yarn opening process and collecting data on the opening angle and opening rate of the experimental warp yarn.

[0089] Simulate the restriction of the interlacing opening on the warp yarn position: The restriction of the interlacing opening on the experimental warp yarn position is simulated by the ceramic eye base 31 and ceramic eye 32 of the limiting module 3;

[0090] Simulated warp tension: The tension control module 4 uses the guide roller 43 and tension sensor 42 to simulate the tension on the warp and collect the tension information of the experimental warp.

[0091] Simulate the friction between adjacent warp yarns and the experimental warp yarn: The friction module 5 is used to simulate the friction between adjacent warp yarns and the experimental warp yarn, and the friction coefficient information is obtained.

[0092] Examples 1-9: The test apparatus and method of the present invention for simulating the friction of the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving are used. The parameters of the high-performance fiber sample are shown in Table 1.

[0093] Table 1. Parameters of high-performance fiber samples from each embodiment.

[0094]

[0095] As shown in Table 2, the friction and wear characteristics of high-performance fibers under different warp yarn counts can be obtained through Examples 1 to 3. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown.

[0096] The results show that the fiber friction coefficient increases with the increase of the number of warp layers, while the tensile property retention rate decreases accordingly. This is mainly because an increase in the number of warp layers leads to more contact points between the tested fiber and adjacent warp yarns during the shedding process. During movement, the pressure is higher and there are more contact points, resulting in increased energy dissipation. Therefore, the increased contact area causes an increase in tangential force. According to Ammonton's law, frictional force is proportional to the friction coefficient, thus the friction coefficient increases accordingly. In addition, the increased actual frictional area and frictional force of the tested fiber exacerbate the degree of fiber damage, leading to more fiber breakage and thus reducing its load-bearing capacity, resulting in a decrease in tensile properties.

[0097] This test method helps evaluate the damage at the opening during the weaving of high-performance fibers. It can not only determine whether the fiber can meet the performance requirements under specific process parameters, but also guide engineering applications to modify appropriate process parameters based on the fiber damage.

[0098] Table 2. Friction and wear of high-performance fibers under different warp layers.

[0099]

[0100] As shown in Table 3, the friction and wear of high-performance fibers under different pretensions can be obtained through Examples 4 to 6.

[0101] The results show that both the coefficient of friction and the retention rate of tensile properties of the tested fibers decrease with increasing pretension. When the tension on the fiber increases, the monofilaments within the fiber align more tightly along the direction of force application. This alignment reduces the number of contact points between the tested fiber and adjacent yarns. Therefore, due to the smoother yarns and reduced surface interactions, the total frictional force also decreases. Furthermore, the increased tension and reduced number of contact points result in fewer stress-bearing monofilaments in the tested fiber, making them more susceptible to breakage during friction, thus leading to a decrease in the retention rate of tensile properties.

[0102] Table 3. Friction and wear of high-performance fibers under different pretensions.

[0103]

[0104] As shown in Table 4, the friction and wear of high-performance fibers at different opening angles can be obtained through Examples 7 to 9.

[0105] The results show that the coefficient of friction of the tested fiber increases with increasing opening angle, while the retention rate of tensile properties decreases with increasing opening angle. This phenomenon is attributed to the fact that as the opening angle increases, the number of adjacent fibers in contact with the tested fiber increases, resulting in a larger contact area, which in turn increases the frictional force and consequently the coefficient of friction. Furthermore, the increased contact area accelerates the damage rate of the tested fiber, leading to a decrease in its performance retention rate.

[0106] Table 4. Friction and wear of high-performance fibers at different opening angles.

[0107]

[0108] As shown in Table 5, the friction and wear of high-performance fibers when the grinding head is at different horizontal angles can be obtained through Examples 10-12.

[0109] The results show that the coefficient of friction of the tested fiber decreases with increasing horizontal angle of the grinding head, while the tensile property retention rate increases with increasing horizontal angle of the grinding head. This phenomenon is attributed to the fact that the larger the horizontal angle of the grinding head, the more the initial angle between the adjacent warp layers and the tested fiber tends to be orthogonal at 90°. In this state, friction reduces the tendency of transverse friction between adjacent warp layers and the tested fiber, reduces the possibility of mechanical hooking between fibers, thereby reducing the coefficient of friction and increasing the tensile property retention rate of the fiber.

[0110] Table 5. Friction and wear of high-performance fibers at different horizontal angles of the grinding head.

[0111]

[0112] Therefore, this invention can not only be used to determine the degree of fiber performance damage under specific process parameters, providing a basis for assessing the damage to high-performance fibers caused by the weaving shedding process, but also provide guidance for targeted optimization of process parameters in engineering applications, thereby maximizing the control of fiber damage. This invention uses the sliding mechanism 21 in motion module 2 for reciprocating linear motion, and precisely adjusts the speed and displacement range through a controller to simulate the shedding speed and shedding angle in actual weaving. The fiber pretension is adjusted through tension control module 4, and the fiber arrangement and contact method are controlled through the warp grinding head 51, achieving precise control of friction speed, friction stroke, fiber tension, number of contact layers, and the rotation angle of the warp grinding head 51. This not only simulates the dynamic friction state of high-performance fibers during the shedding action in weaving, but also simulates the shedding motion under complex preform preparation conditions by adjusting the angle of the warp grinding head 51.

[0113] Meanwhile, this invention, through the coordinated operation of the motion module 2, fiber module, and tension control module 4, realistically reproduces the comprehensive motion behavior of the warp yarn during the shedding process. By using the line contact between the warp grinding head 51 and the fiber being tested, combined with the three-channel data acquisition system to simultaneously record the signal curves of the slide table 211 displacement, fiber tension, and friction, it is possible to systematically analyze the interaction and influence of various parameters during dynamic friction, providing comprehensive data support for weaving process optimization.

[0114] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A testing device for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving, characterized in that: The test platform includes a chassis platform (1) and a test platform consisting of a motion module (2), a limiting module (3), a tension control module (4), a friction module (5), and a control module. The chassis platform (1) is used to support the test platform and house its control circuit. The motion module (2) includes a sliding mechanism (21) and a fiber clamping mechanism (22). The sliding mechanism (21) includes a slide table (211), a slide table motor, and a controller (212). The slide table (211) is controlled by the slide table motor. A fiber clamping mechanism (22) is provided above the slide table (211). The slide table (211) drives the tail of the experimental warp yarn to move through the fiber clamping mechanism (22) to simulate the opening process of the experimental warp yarn. The limiting module (3) includes a ceramic eye base (3). 1) The ceramic eye (32) is used to simulate the restriction of the experimental warp position on the interlacing point; the tension control module (4) includes a sensor base (41) and a tension sensor (42). The tension sensor (42) has a guide wheel (43) for placing fibers, which is used to simulate the tension on the experimental warp; the friction module (5) includes a warp grinding head (51), a friction sensor (52) and a sensor lifting frame (53). The sensor lifting frame (53) includes a sensor fixing platform (531), a slide rail (532) and a support frame (533), which is used to simulate the friction effect of adjacent warp on the experimental warp; the fiber clamping mechanism (22), the limiting module (3) and the tension control module (4) maintain the fibers at the same horizontal height.

2. The testing device for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a clamp base (221) and a clamp (222).

3. The testing device for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide motor is a servo motor. The slide (211) is mounted on the lead screw driven by the slide motor. The movement speed of the slide (211) is controlled to be 30-240mm / s, and the stroke control range is 10-150mm.

4. The testing device for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the ceramic eye (32) of the limiting module (3) is 1.5-2.5mm.

5. The testing device for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension control module (4) has a tension adjustment range of 0.1-1N.

6. The testing apparatus for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction module (5) has a warp layer control range of 1-10 layers and a friction sensor (52) range of 0-10N; the warp grinding head (51) is installed with an adjustable angle and the rotation angle range of the warp grinding head (51) is 0-90°.

7. The testing apparatus for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starting point of the travel of the limiting module (3), the guide wheel (43) and the slide (211) are on a straight line.

8. The testing device for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal distance between the slide (211) and the porcelain eye (32) is 80-120mm, and the horizontal distance between the warp grinding head (51) and the porcelain eye (32) is 8-12mm.

9. A test method based on the test apparatus for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Install the experimental warp yarn sample: One end of the experimental warp sample is clamped in the chuck (222) of the fiber clamping mechanism (22); the experimental warp sample passes through the ceramic eye (32) of the limiting module (3) and the guide wheel (43) of the tension control module (4) in sequence, and a weight is used to suspend the sample to control the pretension. S2. Paste simulated adjacent warp fiber samples: The fiber samples used to simulate adjacent warp yarns are pasted onto the warp grinding head (51) in sequence according to the set number of fabric layers; S4. Adjust the opening angle range: Rotate the warp grinding head (51) to the matching angle according to the working conditions, and adjust the opening angle range; S5. Set the simulated opening angle and opening rate: The moving speed and moving stroke of the slide (211) are adjusted by the controller (212) to set the opening angle and opening rate; S6. Set the contact force of the experimental warp yarn sample: The sensor lifting frame (53) of the control friction module (5) slowly lowers the warp grinding head (51) so that it begins to contact the experimental warp yarn, so that the contact force reaches 0.05-0.15N; S7. Start the device to conduct the experiment: Simulate the warp opening process: The fiber clamping mechanism (22) of the slide table (211) drives the tail of the experimental warp to move. With the cooperation of the limiting module (3), the position of one end of the warp remains unchanged during the actual opening process, while the fiber clamping mechanism (22) of the slide table (211) at the other end performs linear reciprocating motion, thereby simulating the warp opening process and collecting data on the opening angle and opening rate of the experimental warp. Simulate the restriction of warp yarn position by interlacing: simulate the restriction of experimental warp yarn position by interlacing through the porcelain eye base (31) and porcelain eye (32) of the limiting module (3); Simulated warp tension: The tension control module (4) uses the guide wheel (43) and tension sensor (42) to simulate the tension of the warp and collect the tension information of the experimental warp. Simulate the friction between adjacent warp yarns and the experimental warp yarn: Simulate the friction between adjacent warp yarns and the experimental warp yarn through the friction module (5) and obtain the friction coefficient information.

10. The test method of the test device for simulating friction during the opening process of high-performance fiber bundle weaving according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step S4, adjusting the opening angle range: According to the working conditions, rotate the warp grinding head (51) to the matching angle, and adjust the horizontal angle and opening angle range of the grinding head. The specific steps are as follows: A. Adjust the horizontal angle of the grinding head to a range of 0-30°: Adjust the warp grinding head (51) so that the angle between the adjacent warp fibers attached below the warp grinding head (51) and the horizontal is controlled at 0-30°, so that the friction angle between the warp grinding head (51) and the experimental warp is between 0-30°, and control the opening angle to be 0-30° and the opening rate to be 30-240mm / s. B. Adjust the horizontal angle of the grinding head to a range of 30-60°; Adjust the warp grinding head (51) so that the angle between the adjacent warp fibers attached below the warp grinding head (51) and the horizontal is controlled at 30-60°, so that the friction angle between the warp grinding head (51) and the experimental warp is between 30-60°, and control the opening angle to be 0-30° and the opening rate to be 30-240mm / s. C. Adjust the horizontal angle of the grinding head to a range of 60-90°; Adjust the warp grinding head (51) so that the angle between the adjacent warp fibers attached below the warp grinding head (51) and the horizontal is controlled at 60-90°, so that the friction angle between the warp grinding head (51) and the experimental warp is between 60-90°, and control the opening angle to be 0-30° and the opening rate to be 30-240mm / s.

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