Diffracted wave imaging method, device and equipment based on Gaussian beam operator and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a diffracted wave imaging method, a diffracted wave imaging device, diffracted wave imaging equipment and a medium based on Gaussian beam operators. The diffracted wave imaging method comprises the following steps: processing shot gather seismic records to obtain local data volumes and corresponding local plane waves in different directions; ray tracing is carried out at a seismic source position, and seismic wave real number travel time from the seismic source to an imaging point and a Gaussian beam propagation vector are calculated by using the seismic wave real number travel time; ray tracing is carried out at the beam center position, and seismic wave real number travel time from the beam center position to an imaging point and a Gaussian beam propagation vector are solved; calculating the real number travel time of the two-way seismic wave from the seismic source to the imaging point and then to the beam center position, picking up an amplitude value in the local plane wave according to the initial ray parameter of the beam center ray, and multiplying the result by the anti-stationary phase filter to serve as a migration imaging value of the imaging point; and all obtained migration imaging values are accumulated to finally obtain a diffracted wave imaging result based on a Gaussian beam operator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a diffraction wave imaging method, apparatus, device, and medium based on Gaussian beam operator, and belongs to the field of diffraction wave imaging technology. Background Technology

[0002] Diffraction imaging is a technique that can reflect the characteristics of underground strata and small-scale geological structures with local discontinuities. These small-scale discontinuous geological structures, such as faults, pinch-outs, fractures, and collapse columns, are closely related to oil and gas exploration and production.

[0003] To achieve diffraction wave imaging, existing techniques typically require separating and imaging the reflected wave field and the diffracted wave field. Since the reflected wave energy is mainly concentrated within the first Fresnel zone, an anti-phase-stabilized filter can be used to suppress the reflected and enhanced diffracted energy, thereby enabling diffraction wave separation in the imaging domain during the migration process.

[0004] Diffraction wave imaging based on anti-phase-stabilized filters can enhance diffraction energy and effectively identify small-scale geological bodies, achieving high imaging accuracy. However, calculating the anti-phase-stabilized filter requires information on the propagation angle and tilt angle, and conventional algorithms for determining the propagation angle are computationally intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, in response to the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a diffraction wave imaging method, apparatus, device, and medium based on a Gaussian beam operator, which simplifies the calculation process of beam deflection, accurately obtains the propagation vector, realizes diffraction wave imaging using an anti-phase-stabilized filter, and effectively reduces computational costs.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a diffraction wave imaging method based on a Gaussian beam operator, comprising: S1. Obtain shot gather seismic records; S2. Gaussian windowing is applied to the shot gather seismic records along the spatial direction to obtain local data volumes. These local data volumes are then decomposed into local plane waves corresponding to different directions. The center of the Gaussian window is the beam center location. ; S3, at the epicenter Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic waves. ,in, Represents the spatial location of any point in the seismic source ray; S4. Using the real travel time of seismic waves Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector ; S5, at the center of the beam Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic wave along the path of the beam center ray. And using the real travel time of seismic waves Determine the position of the beam center To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector ; S6, Based on Gaussian beam propagation vector and Gaussian beam propagation vector Calculate the anti-phase filter: S7, according to and Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Then to the center position of the bundle The real travel time of the two-way seismic wave, and based on the initial ray parameters of the beam center ray. The amplitude value is picked up in the local plane wave, and the result is multiplied by the corresponding anti-phase filter to obtain the imaging point. Offset imaging values; S8. Repeat S5-S7 along all beam center positions, and accumulate all the obtained offset imaging values ​​to finally obtain the diffraction wave imaging result based on the Gaussian beam operator.

[0007] In some possible implementations, Gaussian windowing is applied to the shot gather seismic records along the spatial direction to obtain local data volumes, and the local data volumes are identified and decomposed into local plane waves corresponding to different directions, including: The shot gather seismic record was processed along the shot-receiver offset direction by applying a series of overlapping Gaussian windows to segment the shot gather seismic record into segments corresponding to different beam centers. Local data volume; The local data volume after Gaussian windowing is then tilted and stacked:

[0008] in, Represents the complex amplitude of a local plane wave. These are the ray parameters at the receiving point. These are the spatial coordinates of the receiving point. These are the coordinates of the earthquake source. It is a seismic record characterized by Gaussian beam integral. It is the Gaussian beam reference frequency. It is angular frequency. It is the initial width of the Gaussian beam; If the local data volume contains... For wavefronts representing the same tilt direction, their energies will coherently superimpose after phase correction. Conversely, energies not in the same tilt direction will cancel each other out due to phase differences. Therefore, the local data volume is decomposed into a series of local plane waves corresponding to different directions. ,in, Represents the parameters of a local plane wave ray. This represents the local plane wave intercept time.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the shot gather seismic record is segmented into sections corresponding to different bundle centers. The local data volume specifically consists of: shot gather seismic records and a data set with a defined bundle center location. The corresponding local data volume is obtained by multiplying the Gaussian window function centered on it;

[0010] in, It is the interval between the centers of adjacent bundles.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the real travel time of seismic waves is utilized. Calculate the earthquake source Real travel time of seismic waves to the imaging point for:

[0012] in, It's speed. In the corresponding rectangular coordinate system Coordinate vector in the local ray center coordinate system The projection, Array, its elements Defined as the travel time T at point x0 relative to the coordinates y of the local ray center. i and y j The second-order partial derivatives of .

[0013] In some possible implementations, the Gaussian beam propagation vector The components along the horizontal and depth directions are as follows:

[0014] In the formula, Horizontal direction velocity components, For depth direction The velocity component.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the anti-phase filter is:

[0016] in, For anti-phase steady-state filters, Let be the unit normal vector of the reflecting interface.

[0017] Some possible implementations of diffraction wave imaging based on Gaussian beam operators:

[0018] In the formula, This represents the local plane wave intercept time of the beam's central ray.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention also provides a diffraction wave imaging device based on a Gaussian beam operator, comprising: The data decomposition unit is configured to acquire shot gather seismic records, perform Gaussian windowing on the shot gather seismic records along the spatial direction to obtain local data volumes, and decompose the local data volumes into local plane waves corresponding to different directions. The center of the Gaussian window is the beam center position. ; The ray tracing parameter calculation unit is configured at the epicenter location. Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic waves. ,in, Represents the spatial location of any point in the source ray; using the real travel time of seismic waves Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector At the center of the bundle Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic wave along the path of the beam center ray. And using the real travel time of seismic waves Determine the position of the beam center To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector ; The anti-phase-stabilized filter computation unit is configured based on the Gaussian beam propagation vector. and Gaussian beam propagation vector Calculate the anti-phase filter: The offset imaging value calculation unit is configured to calculate based on and Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Then to the center position of the bundle The real travel time of the two-way seismic wave, and based on the initial ray parameters of the beam center ray. The amplitude value is picked up in the local plane wave, and the result is multiplied by the corresponding anti-phase filter to obtain the imaging point. Offset imaging values; The diffraction wave imaging calculation unit is configured to repeat the process of calculating the offset imaging value of the imaging point along all beam center positions, and to accumulate all the obtained offset imaging values ​​to finally obtain the diffraction wave imaging result based on the Gaussian beam operator.

[0020] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor, the instructions being executed by the processor to enable the processor to perform the method described thereon.

[0021] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, characterized in that the one or more programs include computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method.

[0022] This invention, by adopting the above technical solutions, has the following characteristics: 1. This invention simplifies the calculation process of beam deflection, accurately obtains the propagation vector, and realizes diffraction imaging using an anti-phase-stabilized filter, effectively reducing its computational cost. 2. This invention calculates the propagation vector based on the Gaussian beam operator, effectively reducing the computational load of traditional vector calculation methods while ensuring accuracy, effectively improving the computational efficiency of diffraction imaging and providing effective imaging of small-scale geological structures. In summary, this invention can be widely applied in diffraction imaging. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the travel time calculation in the ray center coordinate system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the velocity field of a two-dimensional Sigsbee 2A model according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt field of the Sigsbee 2A migration results according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the full-field Gaussian beam migration results according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the diffraction wave imaging results of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the angle calculation results using existing methods on a coarse grid. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the diffraction wave imaging results using existing technology; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of a portion; Figure 9 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0025] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0026] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "above," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure.

[0027] Because calculating the anti-phase-stabilized filter requires propagation angle and tilt angle information, and conventional algorithms for obtaining the propagation angle are computationally intensive, this invention provides a diffraction wave imaging method, apparatus, device, and medium based on Gaussian beam operators, comprising: S1, acquiring shot gather seismic records; S2, performing Gaussian windowing on the shot gather seismic records along the spatial direction to obtain local data volumes, and decomposing the local data volumes into local plane waves corresponding to different directions, wherein the center of the Gaussian window is the beam center position. 3. At the epicenter Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic waves. ,in, S4 represents the spatial location of any point in the source ray; using the real travel time of seismic waves. Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector S5, at the center of the beam Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic wave along the path of the beam center ray. And using the real travel time of seismic waves Determine the position of the beam center To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector S6, Based on Gaussian beam propagation vector and Gaussian beam propagation vector Calculate the anti-phase steady filter: S7, based on and Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Then to the center position of the bundle The real travel time of the two-way seismic wave, and based on the initial ray parameters of the beam center ray. The amplitude value is picked up in the local plane wave, and the result is multiplied by the corresponding anti-phase filter to obtain the imaging point. The offset imaging values ​​are obtained; S8. Along all beam center positions, S5-S7 are repeated, and all the obtained offset imaging values ​​are accumulated to finally obtain the diffraction wave imaging result based on the Gaussian beam operator. Therefore, the present invention can simplify the calculation process of beam offset, accurately obtain the propagation vector, realize diffraction wave imaging using an anti-phase-stabilized filter, and effectively reduce its computational cost.

[0028] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0029] Example 1: The diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator provided in this example includes: S1. Obtain preprocessed shot gather seismic records and depth domain migration velocity fields after denoising and other preprocessing.

[0030] In this embodiment, the depth domain offset velocity field refers to the velocity scalar field that varies in space. It is obtained by discretizing the entire underground exploration target area into a grid in the depth domain and assigning a value representing the seismic wave propagation velocity at that spatial location to each grid node.

[0031] S2. Window the shot gather seismic records along the spatial direction to obtain local data volumes, and decompose the local data volumes into local plane waves corresponding to different directions.

[0032] In this embodiment, the shot gather seismic records are windowed along the surface observation arrangement, i.e., the shot-receiver distance direction, to obtain local data volumes. These local data volumes are then decomposed into local plane waves corresponding to different directions. The specific implementation process is as follows: S21. The shot gather seismic record is windowed along the shot-receiver offset direction by applying a series of overlapping Gaussian windows. Specifically, a series of equally or unequally spaced points can be defined along the shot-receiver offset direction, and these points are used as the center of the Gaussian window, i.e., the bundle center. The original shot-gathered seismic record with a specific beam center. The local data volume is obtained by multiplying the results by the Gaussian window function centered at the data center.

[0033] in, It is angular frequency. It is the Gaussian beam reference frequency. It is the initial width of the Gaussian beam. This represents the interval between adjacent bundle centers. Since the amplitude at both ends of a Gaussian window decays towards zero, a local data volume primarily contains seismic record information from the vicinity of its corresponding bundle center. Therefore, the data is segmented into parts corresponding to different bundle centers. Local data volume.

[0034] S22. Tilting and stacking the local data volume after the Gaussian window is applied:

[0035] in, Represents the complex amplitude of a local plane wave. These are the ray parameters at the receiving point. These are the spatial coordinates of the receiving point. These are the coordinates of the earthquake source. It is a seismic record characterized by Gaussian beam integral. For a given direction (by ray parameters) (specified), by multiplying by the phase term The entire local data volume is then integrated to determine how much energy within that volume propagates along this specific direction. If the local data volume contains energy related to... For wavefronts representing the same tilt direction, their energies will coherently superimpose after phase correction; conversely, energies not in that direction will cancel each other out due to phase differences. Thus, the local data volume can be decomposed into a series of local plane waves corresponding to different directions. ,in, Represents the parameters of a local plane wave ray. This represents the local plane wave intercept time.

[0036] S3, at the epicenter Ray tracing is performed, and the real travel time of seismic waves is obtained along the path of the source ray using existing methods. ,in, It represents the spatial position of any point in the seismic source ray.

[0037] S4. Using the real travel time of seismic waves Approximate calculation of earthquake source Real travel time of seismic waves to the imaging point and Gaussian beam propagation vector .

[0038] In this embodiment, for underground imaging points near the seismic source ray, the second-order Taylor expansion of the real travel time is used, as shown below, to utilize the seismic source. arrive Time of travel To approximate the calculation of the earthquake source To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector ,like Figure 1 As shown:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] in, It's speed. Corresponding to Cartesian coordinates (inline, crossline, depth) ( They represent displacement vectors respectively. In the global rectangular coordinate system, the components in the three directions are in the local ray center coordinate system (a dynamic orthogonal coordinate system with its origin). The coordinate vector is always located on the central ray, and the direction of the coordinate axes changes continuously as the ray bends in the non-uniform medium. ( These two vectors are perpendicular to each other, forming a line perpendicular to the plane. The plane, i.e., the central ray in The tangent plane is tangent to the wavefront at that point; Always with the central ray The projection of the tangent direction (that is, pointing in the direction of ray propagation) remains consistent. It is a coordinate rotation matrix. The matrix is ​​a second-order travel-time derivative matrix related to the wavefront curvature, whose elements are... Defined as the travel time T at point x0 relative to the coordinates y of the local ray center. i and y j The second-order partial derivatives are detailed in the form of the main diagonal elements in equation (7). Indicates the wavefront at The principal curvature in the direction, and the off-diagonal elements represent the torsion of the wavefront.

[0042] For equation (3) along the horizontal coordinate Differentiating by direction, we get:

[0043] in, express The unit tangent vector of the point ray, then , unit tangent vector of the ray Along the rectangular coordinate axes , The direction refers to the components in the horizontal and depth directions. After substitution, the above formula can be written in matrix form:

[0044] Similarly, we can obtain the results along the vertical coordinates. First derivative of direction:

[0045] The Gaussian beam propagation vector The components along the x and z directions, i.e., the horizontal and depth directions, are as follows:

[0046] In the formula, Horizontal direction velocity components, For depth direction The velocity component.

[0047] S5, at the center of the beam Perform ray tracing to calculate the real travel time of the seismic wave along the path of the beam center ray. The bundle center is determined using the real-time algorithm in S4. To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector .

[0048] S6, Gaussian beam propagation vector obtained from S4-S5 and Calculate the anti-phase filter:

[0049] in, The unit normal vector of the reflecting interface can be obtained using the plane wave deconstruction filter (PWD) method. and These are the propagation vectors from the source and receiver, respectively. It is an anti-phase steady-state filter.

[0050] S7, according to and Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Then to the center of the bundle Two-way seismic wave real travel time:

[0051] And based on the initial ray parameters of the beam center ray The amplitude value is picked up from the local plane wave synthesized in S2. The result is then multiplied by the corresponding anti-phase filter. As Offset imaging value of the point.

[0052] S8. Repeat S5-S7 along all beam center positions, and accumulate the offset imaging values ​​to obtain the final diffraction wave imaging result based on the Gaussian beam operator:

[0053] The application effects of the diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator of the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0054] This embodiment uses the internationally popular Sigsbee 2A model for testing. Figure 2 The image shows the Sigsbee 2A velocity model, which includes salt domes and multiple small-scale geological discontinuities such as faults and multiple diffraction points. Figure 3 The image shows the dip field of this model. The anti-phase filter can be calculated from the dip field. Migration imaging is performed using seismic records. Figure 4 The image shown is the Gaussian beam shift imaging result, which can be seen to provide a relatively accurate image of the main structure of the model. Figure 5 The image shows the diffraction wave imaging results based on the Gaussian beam operator proposed in this invention. It can be seen that it can image small-scale discontinuous structures underground well and effectively separate specular reflection and diffraction energy, which proves that the invention has good imaging accuracy.

[0055] The method of this invention, compared to existing methods that interpolate the propagation angles of coarse grid points to determine the propagation angles at imaging grid points (e.g., ...), ... Figure 6 (As shown) This method has higher computational efficiency compared to existing techniques for subsequent diffraction wave imaging based on the method of this invention. From Figure 8 and Figure 9 A comparison with existing diffraction wave imaging methods based on anti-phase-stabilized filters reveals that the method based on Gaussian beam operators in this invention effectively suppresses specular reflection energy within the first Fresnel zone, suppresses the reflection phase axis, and further improves the parameters of the anti-phase-stabilized filter. This enhances the prominence of small-scale geological structures and facilitates the identification of discontinuous underground geological bodies such as faults, fractures, and pinch-outs. The application effect is significantly superior to existing diffraction wave imaging techniques based on anti-phase-stabilized filters (where some energy is still retained on the reflection phase axis, resulting in limited wavefield separation). Therefore, a comparison clearly demonstrates that this invention improves computational efficiency while achieving better wavefield separation between reflected and diffracted waves, resulting in better resolution and a clearer understanding of the distribution of small-scale geological bodies. Thus, the diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operators in this invention can effectively guarantee the accuracy of diffraction wave imaging for complex structures.

[0056] Example 2: Following the method for diffraction wave imaging based on Gaussian beam operators provided in Example 1, this example provides a device for diffraction wave imaging based on Gaussian beam operators. The device provided in this example can implement the method for diffraction wave imaging based on Gaussian beam operators in Example 1. This device can be implemented through software, hardware, or a combination of both. For ease of description, this example is described by dividing the functionality into various units. Of course, in implementation, the functions of each unit can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware components. For example, the device may include integrated or separate functional modules or units to execute the corresponding steps in the methods of Example 1. Since the device in this example is basically similar to the method example, the description process of this example is relatively simple. Relevant details can be found in the description of the parts in Example 1. The example of the diffraction wave imaging device based on Gaussian beam operators provided by this invention is merely illustrative.

[0057] Specifically, the diffraction wave imaging device based on Gaussian beam operator provided by the present invention includes: The data decomposition unit is configured to acquire shot gather seismic records, perform Gaussian windowing on the shot gather seismic records along the spatial direction to obtain local data volumes, and decompose the local data volumes into local plane waves corresponding to different directions. The center of the Gaussian window is the beam center position. ; The ray tracing parameter calculation unit is configured at the epicenter location. Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic waves. ,in, Represents the spatial location of any point in the source ray; using the real travel time of seismic waves Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector At the center of the bundle Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic wave along the path of the beam center ray. And using the real travel time of seismic waves Determine the position of the beam center To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector ; The anti-phase-stabilized filter computation unit is configured based on the Gaussian beam propagation vector. and Gaussian beam propagation vector Calculate the anti-phase filter: The offset imaging value calculation unit is configured to calculate based on and Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Then to the center position of the bundle The real travel time of the two-way seismic wave, and based on the initial ray parameters of the beam center ray. The amplitude value is picked up in the local plane wave, and the result is multiplied by the corresponding anti-phase filter to obtain the imaging point. Offset imaging values; The diffraction wave imaging calculation unit is configured to repeat the process of calculating the offset imaging value of the imaging point along all beam center positions, and to accumulate all the obtained offset imaging values ​​to finally obtain the diffraction wave imaging result based on the Gaussian beam operator.

[0058] Example 3: This example provides an electronic device corresponding to the diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator provided in Example 1. The electronic device can be an electronic device for the client, such as a mobile phone, laptop, tablet computer, desktop computer, etc., to execute the method of Example 1.

[0059] like Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a bus. The processor, memory, and communication interface are connected via the bus to enable communication between them. The memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor. When the processor runs the computer program, it executes the method of Embodiment 1. The implementation principle and technical effects are similar to those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 10 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computing device on which the present application is applied. The specific computing device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory can be implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), and optical discs.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the processor can be any type of general-purpose processor such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a digital signal processor (DSP), and is not limited thereto.

[0062] Example 4: This example provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, the one or more programs including computer instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method provided in Example 1 above.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device for holding and storing instructions executable, such as, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any combination thereof. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the method provided in Embodiment 1 above.

[0064] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (devices), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0065] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0066] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0067] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "a preferred embodiment," "furthermore," "specifically," "in this embodiment," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments in this specification. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator, characterized in that, include: S1. Obtain shot gather seismic records; S2. Gaussian windowing is applied to the shot gather seismic records along the spatial direction to obtain local data volumes. These local data volumes are then decomposed into local plane waves corresponding to different directions. The center of the Gaussian window is the beam center location. ; S3, at the epicenter Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic waves. ,in, Represents the spatial location of any point in the seismic source ray; S4. Using the real travel time of seismic waves Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector ; S5, at the center of the beam Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic wave along the path of the beam center ray. And using the real travel time of seismic waves Determine the position of the beam center To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector ; S6, Based on Gaussian beam propagation vector and Gaussian beam propagation vector Calculate the anti-phase filter: S7, according to and Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Then to the center position of the bundle The real travel time of the two-way seismic wave, and based on the initial ray parameters of the beam center ray. The amplitude value is picked up in the local plane wave, and the result is multiplied by the corresponding anti-phase filter to obtain the imaging point. Offset imaging values; S8. Repeat S5-S7 along all beam center positions, and accumulate all the obtained offset imaging values ​​to finally obtain the diffraction wave imaging result based on the Gaussian beam operator.

2. The diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Gaussian windowing is applied to shot gather seismic records along spatial directions to obtain local data volumes, which are then identified and decomposed into local plane waves corresponding to different directions, including: The shot gather seismic record was processed along the shot-receiver offset direction by applying a series of overlapping Gaussian windows to segment the shot gather seismic record into segments corresponding to different beam centers. Local data volume; The local data volume after Gaussian windowing is then tilted and stacked: in, Represents the complex amplitude of a local plane wave. These are the ray parameters at the receiving point. These are the spatial coordinates of the receiving point. These are the coordinates of the earthquake source. It is a seismic record based on Gaussian beam integral representation. It is the Gaussian beam reference frequency. It is angular frequency. It is the initial width of the Gaussian beam; If the local data volume contains... For wavefronts representing the same tilt direction, their energies will coherently superimpose after phase correction. Conversely, energies not in the same tilt direction will cancel each other out due to phase differences. Therefore, the local data volume is decomposed into a series of local plane waves corresponding to different directions. ,in, Represents the parameters of a local plane wave ray. This represents the local plane wave intercept time.

3. The diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shot gather seismic record is segmented into corresponding bundle centers. The local data volume specifically consists of: shot gather seismic records and a data set with a defined bundle center location. The corresponding local data volume is obtained by multiplying the Gaussian window function centered on it; in, It is the interval between the centers of adjacent bundles.

4. The diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator according to claim 2, characterized in that, Using seismic wave real travel time Calculate the earthquake source Real travel time of seismic waves to the imaging point for: in, It's speed. In the corresponding rectangular coordinate system Coordinate vector in the local ray center coordinate system The projection, Array, its elements Defined as the travel time T at point x0 relative to the coordinates y of the local ray center. i and y j The second-order partial derivatives of .

5. The diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator according to claim 4, characterized in that, Gaussian beam propagation vector The components along the horizontal and depth directions are as follows: In the formula, Horizontal direction velocity components, For depth direction The velocity component.

6. The diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-phase filter is: in, For anti-phase steady-state filters, Let be the unit normal vector of the reflecting interface.

7. The diffraction wave imaging method based on Gaussian beam operator according to claim 6, characterized in that, Diffraction wave imaging results based on Gaussian beam operator: In the formula, This represents the local plane wave intercept time of the beam's central ray.

8. A diffraction wave imaging device based on a Gaussian beam operator, characterized in that, include: The data decomposition unit is configured to acquire shot gather seismic records, perform Gaussian windowing on the shot gather seismic records along the spatial direction to obtain local data volumes, and decompose the local data volumes into local plane waves corresponding to different directions. The center of the Gaussian window is the beam center position. ; The ray tracing parameter calculation unit is configured at the epicenter location. Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic waves. ,in, Represents the spatial location of any point in the source ray; using the real travel time of seismic waves Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector At the center of the bundle Perform ray tracing to obtain the real travel time of the seismic wave along the path of the beam center ray. And using the real travel time of seismic waves Determine the position of the beam center To the imaging point Real travel time of seismic waves and Gaussian beam propagation vector ; The anti-phase-stabilized filter computation unit is configured based on the Gaussian beam propagation vector. and Gaussian beam propagation vector Calculate the anti-phase filter: The offset imaging value calculation unit is configured to calculate based on and Calculate the earthquake source To the imaging point Then to the center position of the bundle The real travel time of the two-way seismic wave, and based on the initial ray parameters of the beam center ray. The amplitude value is picked up in the local plane wave, and the result is multiplied by the corresponding anti-phase filter to obtain the imaging point. Offset imaging values; The diffraction wave imaging calculation unit is configured to repeat the process of calculating the offset imaging value of the imaging point along all beam center positions, and to accumulate all the obtained offset imaging values ​​to finally obtain the diffraction wave imaging result based on the Gaussian beam operator.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; And a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor, the instructions being executed by the processor to enable the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, characterized in that, The one or more programs include computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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