A sewage treatment device based on algal-bacterial granular sludge

Abstract

The application provides a sewage treatment device based on algal bacterial granular sludge, which comprises a base, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder which are arranged in a nested manner from inside to outside on the base and sequentially form a primary reaction zone, a light supplementing zone and a secondary reaction zone from inside to outside; sewage in the primary reaction zone can overflow from the top of the light supplementing zone into the secondary reaction zone; the water inlet pipe supplies sewage to the primary reaction zone; the water outlet pipe drains water from the secondary reaction zone; the light supplementing zone simultaneously supplements light for the primary reaction zone and the secondary reaction zone; the device further comprises an aeration assembly and a flow guide cylinder, the flow guide cylinder is arranged in the first cylinder to separate the primary reaction zone into a stirring reaction zone and a reflux zone, the top and the bottom of the stirring reaction zone and the reflux zone are connected with each other; and the aeration assembly is arranged below the flow guide cylinder. The light supplementing zone supplements light for the primary reaction zone and the secondary reaction zone, so that the system can continuously and stably operate and energy consumption can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sludge treatment equipment technology, and specifically to a wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional activated sludge (CAS) is one of the most commonly used biological treatment processes in wastewater treatment systems, but it faces challenges such as high energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and waste sludge disposal. In contrast, microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) technology can achieve the recycling of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) through the synergistic coupling of photosynthesis and respiration, significantly reducing aeration energy consumption and carbon emissions. Furthermore, it integrates the resource utilization potential of microalgae with the efficient settling properties of granular sludge, and is expected to become a mainstream, green, and sustainable wastewater treatment process in the future.

[0003] However, current MBGS technology faces three major bottlenecks: 1) Unstable continuous flow operation: Existing MBGS systems mostly operate in sequencing batch reactors, resulting in discontinuous effluent, low volumetric utilization, and difficulties in large-scale application. In continuous flow mode, particle breakup and algae-bacteria separation easily occur, leading to decreased nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency. 2) High energy consumption: Traditional aeration combined with mechanical stirring accounts for over 60% of the electricity consumption per ton of water, failing to fully utilize the oxygen supply advantage of algal photosynthesis. 3) Low light efficiency: Insufficient light intensity in deep water areas leads to the inactivation of bottom algae, limiting the system's treatment efficiency. Furthermore, MBGS requires precise temperature and nutrient control, controllable gas supply, and effective space utilization efficiency to ensure a highly efficient and stable reaction process.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a wastewater treatment device based on algae and bacteria granular sludge to solve or at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge, aiming to solve the technical problems of unstable continuous operation of existing equipment and low light efficiency that easily leads to algae inactivation. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge includes a base, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a first cylinder, a second cylinder, and a third cylinder arranged sequentially from the inside out on the base. A primary reaction zone is formed within the first cylinder, an annular supplementary lighting zone is formed between the first and second cylinders, and a secondary reaction zone is formed between the second and third cylinders. The top of the supplementary lighting zone is closed, and the tops of the first and second cylinders are lower than the top of the third cylinder, allowing wastewater from the primary reaction zone to overflow into the secondary reaction zone. The inlet pipe passes through the first... The bottom of the cylinder extends into the primary reaction zone; the drain pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the third cylinder and is connected to the secondary reaction zone; the first, second, and third cylinders are all made transparent, and the supplementary lighting area simultaneously provides supplementary lighting to both the primary and secondary reaction zones; it also includes an aeration component and a guide tube, with the guide tube arranged inside the first cylinder to divide the primary reaction zone into a stirring reaction zone and a reflux zone, the tops and bottoms of which are interconnected; the aeration component is arranged below the guide tube to aerate and stir the stirring reaction zone.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a light-collecting component, the light-collecting end of which is arranged outside the third cylinder, and the output end of which is connected to the supplementary light area to simultaneously supplement light to the primary reaction area and the secondary reaction area on both sides of the supplementary light area.

[0008] Furthermore, the light-collecting assembly includes a light-collecting base and light guide cables. The light-collecting base is located outside the third cylinder, and a focusing surface is provided on the light-collecting base. Multiple light guide cables are provided, and the input ends of all light guide cables are arranged at the focal point of the focusing surface. The output ends of some light guide cables extend into the supplementary light area and are arranged towards the primary reaction area, while the output ends of other light guide cables extend into the supplementary light area and are arranged towards the secondary reaction area.

[0009] Furthermore, the optical guide cables are arranged circumferentially along the supplementary lighting area, and the arrangement density of the optical guide cables gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0010] Furthermore, two inlet pipes are arranged symmetrically along the center of the mixing reaction zone, and the two inlet pipes extend into the mixing reaction zone from both sides at an angle upwards to drive the sewage in the mixing reaction zone to rotate and flow upwards.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a magnetic stimulation stirring mechanism, which includes stirring blades, a stirring shaft, a first magnetic generating module, and a second magnetic generating module. Both the first and second magnetic generating modules are arranged on the base, with the first magnetic generating module located below the primary reaction zone and the second magnetic generating module located below the secondary reaction zone. The stirring shaft is arranged along the height direction within the primary reaction zone, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the base. The stirring blades are rotatably connected to the stirring shaft. The stirring blades are magnetic, and the first magnetic generating module is used to drive the stirring blades to rotate.

[0012] Furthermore, a filter plate is installed on the upper part of the first cylinder. The filter plate is arranged as a downwardly protruding curved panel, and the filter plate and the guide cylinder are arranged at intervals. The filter plate is made of transparent material.

[0013] Furthermore, an overflow weir and a guide pipe are installed at the top of the supplementary lighting area. The overflow weir is arranged around the primary reaction zone, and the height of the top of the overflow weir is lower than the height of the top of the third cylinder. The first end of the guide pipe is connected to the primary reaction zone inside the overflow weir, and the second end of the guide pipe is connected to the secondary reaction zone. The outlet of the guide pipe is arranged tangentially in the secondary reaction zone. An agitator and a connecting rod are installed in the secondary reaction zone. The first end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the base, and the second end of the connecting rod is cantilevered into the secondary reaction zone. The agitator is rotatably connected to the cantilevered end of the connecting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature control module, which is arranged inside the base to regulate the temperature of the primary reaction zone and the secondary reaction zone.

[0015] Furthermore, a sludge collection hopper and a sludge discharge pipe are installed at the bottom of the secondary reaction zone. The sludge collection hopper is located at the bottom of the secondary reaction zone and faces upward. The first end of the sludge discharge pipe is connected to the inside of the sludge collection hopper, and the second end of the sludge discharge pipe passes through the third cylinder and extends outward.

[0016] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Supplemental lighting in both the primary and secondary reaction zones ensures sufficient illumination for the algae-bacterial granular sludge, enabling it to efficiently treat wastewater. Ample light also prevents sludge deactivation, ensuring continuous and stable system operation. Under the aeration of the aeration components, the air bubbles rise, carrying the wastewater and algae-bacterial granular sludge upwards in the mixing reaction zone. As they flow upwards, the wastewater and sludge in the return zone flow towards the bottom, creating a continuous cycle. During this cycle, the aeration components provide oxygen to the sludge in the mixing zone to address the central mixing reaction zone's inertia. Insufficient lighting in the primary reaction zone leads to insufficient oxygen production by algae in the granular sludge. The aeration components act as agitators, propelling the wastewater and granular sludge upwards. During recirculation, the wastewater passes through the recirculation zone, which is adjacent to the supplemental lighting zone. This supplemental lighting provides ample light to the granular sludge in the recirculation zone, enabling the algae to produce abundant oxygen. This, in turn, provides sufficient oxygen for the bacteria in the granular sludge, allowing the entire system to operate continuously and stably. The granular sludge receives sufficient light, maintaining its optimal activity. Because the granular sludge receives ample light, it operates efficiently, significantly improving the wastewater treatment capacity of the primary reaction zone. Furthermore, the aeration components only need to agitate the wastewater and provide oxygen in the reaction zone, reducing energy consumption and achieving energy savings.

[0018] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wastewater treatment device based on algae and bacteria granular sludge according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a wastewater treatment device based on algae and bacteria granular sludge according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of a wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of sewage flow in a sewage treatment device based on algae and bacteria granular sludge according to the present invention.

[0024] The components include: 1. Base; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Drain pipe; 4. First cylinder; 41. Primary reaction zone; 411. Stirring reaction zone; 412. Return zone; 42. Filter plate; 5. Second cylinder; 51. Supplemental lighting zone; 52. Overflow weir; 53. Guide pipe; 6. Third cylinder; 61. Secondary reaction zone; 62. Stirring paddle; 63. Connecting rod; 64. Sludge hopper; 65. Sludge discharge pipe; 7. Aeration assembly; 8. Guide cylinder; 9. Light collecting assembly; 91. Light collecting base; 911. Focusing surface; 92. Light guide cable; 93. Illuminance sensor; 10. Magnetic stimulation stirring mechanism; 101. Stirring blade; 102. Stirring shaft; 103. First magnetic generation module; 104. Second magnetic generation module; 11. Temperature control module. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description is provided below, along with preferred embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0027] Example:

[0028] See Figures 1-4This embodiment provides a wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge, including a base 1, an inlet pipe 2, an outlet pipe 3, and a first cylinder 4, a second cylinder 5, and a third cylinder 6 mounted on the base 1 and arranged sequentially from the inside out. A primary reaction zone 41 is formed inside the first cylinder 4, an annular supplementary lighting zone 51 is formed between the first cylinder 4 and the second cylinder 5, and a secondary reaction zone 61 is formed between the second cylinder 5 and the third cylinder 6. The top of the supplementary lighting zone 51 is closed, and the tops of the first cylinder 4 and the second cylinder 5 are lower than the top of the third cylinder 6, so that wastewater in the primary reaction zone 41 can overflow into the secondary reaction zone 61. The inlet pipe 2 passes through the bottom of the first cylinder 4 and extends into the primary reaction zone 41. The outlet pipe 3 is arranged at the lower end of the third cylinder 6. The outer wall is connected to the secondary reaction zone 61 via the drain pipe 3; the first cylinder 4, the second cylinder 5, and the third cylinder 6 are all transparent, and the supplementary lighting zone 51 provides supplementary lighting to both the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61; it also includes an aeration component 7 and a guide tube 8, which is coaxially arranged inside the first cylinder 4. Specifically, the guide tube 8 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first cylinder 4 via a connecting rod. The guide tube 8 is suspended in the air and divides the primary reaction zone 41 into a cylindrical stirring reaction zone 411 and a reflux zone 412 surrounding the stirring reaction zone 411. The top and bottom of the stirring reaction zone 411 and the reflux zone 412 are interconnected; the aeration component 7 is arranged below the guide tube 8 to aerate and stir the stirring reaction zone 411.

[0029] It should be noted that existing algae-bacterial granular sludge, under sufficient light conditions, exhibits a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship between algae and bacteria, and the resulting granular sludge can maintain efficient operation, thus efficiently decomposing wastewater without the need for aeration. However, in practical applications, because the wastewater is generally turbid, natural light can only reach the surface algae-bacterial granular sludge, not the granular sludge inside the wastewater. Consequently, during operation, most of the algae-bacterial granular sludge does not receive sufficient light. When the algae in the granular sludge do not receive sufficient light for a long period, the algae will degenerate and become inactive, leading to the failure of the algae-bacterial granular sludge and causing the entire system to collapse. The current solution is to periodically replace the algae-bacterial granular sludge. As a result, the entire system cannot operate continuously for a long period, and the algae in the granular sludge do not receive sufficient light, significantly reducing the wastewater treatment effect. During the research, it was found that the reason why the algae and bacteria granular sludge could not receive sufficient light was that the existing equipment relied entirely on natural light from the top of the equipment for illumination. However, the wastewater itself had low light transmittance, which prevented the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the middle and lower parts of the existing equipment from receiving light. Consequently, the algae in the algae and bacteria granular sludge could not perform photosynthesis and gradually died, ultimately leading to the failure of the algae and bacteria granular sludge.

[0030] Through the aforementioned structural improvements, the wastewater treatment device is divided into a primary reaction zone 41 and a secondary reaction zone 61. A predetermined amount of algae-bacterial granular sludge is added to both zones. Wastewater is injected through the inlet pipe 2, and the wastewater and algae-bacterial granular sludge mix in the mixing reaction zone 411. The bacteria in the algae-bacterial granular sludge decompose the organic matter and nutrients in the wastewater, consuming oxygen and producing carbon dioxide during the decomposition process. Supplemental lighting is simultaneously provided to both the primary and secondary reaction zones along the annular sidewall of the supplemental lighting zone 51, ensuring the algae-bacterial granular sludge receives sufficient light. Under this light, the algae in the granular sludge undergo photosynthesis, consuming the carbon dioxide produced by the bacteria and generating the oxygen needed by the bacteria. The top of the primary reaction zone 41 is illuminated by natural light, and the sides of the primary reaction zone 41 are illuminated by supplemental lighting zone 51. 1. Supplemental lighting is provided to ensure that the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41 receives sufficient illumination. Specifically, the wastewater and algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41 flow from the stirring reaction zone 411 to the annular reflux zone 412. The reflux zone 412 is arranged in close contact with the inner wall of the second cylinder 5. The light from the supplemental lighting zone 51 passes through the second cylinder 5, providing sufficient illumination to the wastewater and algae and bacteria granular sludge located in the reflux zone 412. Since all algae and bacteria granular sludge needs to pass through the reflux zone 412 during circulation, and the reflux zone 412 has a relatively long path, all algae and bacteria granular sludge can be fully illuminated, greatly improving the illumination efficiency of the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41. The top and outer sides of the secondary reaction zone 61 are illuminated by natural light, while the inner side of the secondary reaction zone 61 is supplemented by the supplemental lighting zone 51 to ensure that the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the secondary reaction zone 61 receives sufficient illumination. By introducing gas into the aeration component 7, the gas forms bubbles in the sewage. The bubbles move upward under the action of buoyancy, which not only agitates the sewage in the mixing reaction zone 411, but also carries the sewage and algae granular sludge in the mixing reaction zone 411 upward along the guide tube 8. The heavy algae granular sludge spreads to the surroundings after moving to the top of the guide tube 8, and flows back downward along the return zone 412. Then it gathers towards the center and enters the mixing reaction zone 411 again, forming a ring-shaped return. As new sewage is injected into the bottom of the first cylinder 4, the sewage treated in the first stage overflows from the top of the primary reaction zone 41, passes through the supplementary lighting zone 51, and enters the secondary reaction zone 61. The algae granular sludge in the secondary reaction zone 61 decomposes the sewage entering the secondary reaction zone 61, and the decomposed effluent is discharged from the drain pipe 3.

[0031] It is known that because the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61 can receive sufficient light during the operation, the algae in the algae and bacteria granular sludge will not become inactive, and the entire system can maintain continuous and stable operation.

[0032] In the initial tests, lighting was attempted, but due to the extremely poor light transmittance of the wastewater, this method required significant power consumption and was uneconomical. Therefore, further improvements were made. Specifically, a light-collecting component 9 was added. The light-collecting end of the component 9 is located outside the third cylinder 6, and its output end is connected to the supplementary lighting zone 51. This allows for simultaneous supplementary lighting of the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61 on both sides of the supplementary lighting zone 51, thereby providing illumination to the algae and bacteria granular sludge within these zones. This enables the algae in the granular sludge to successfully perform photosynthesis and produce oxygen, which in turn allows the bacteria in the granular sludge to absorb oxygen and decompose organic matter in the wastewater.

[0033] Preferably, the light-collecting assembly 9 includes a light-collecting base 91 and light guide cables 92. The light-collecting base 91 is disposed outside the third cylinder 6, and a focusing surface 911 is disposed on the light-collecting base 91. Multiple light guide cables 92 are disposed, and the input ends of all light guide cables 92 are arranged at the focal point of the focusing surface 911. The output ends of some light guide cables 92 extend into the supplementary light area 51 and are arranged towards the primary reaction area 41, while the output ends of other light guide cables 92 extend into the supplementary light area 51 and are arranged towards the secondary reaction area 61.

[0034] It is understood that the light-collecting base 91 is placed outdoors. By aligning the focusing surface 911 on the light-collecting base 91 with the sun, sunlight is concentrated at the focal point of the focusing surface 911. The light concentrated at the focal point is then guided into the supplementary lighting area 51 through the optical guide cable 92. Supplementary lighting is provided to the primary reaction area 41 by directing a portion of the optical guide cable 92 towards it, and supplementary lighting is provided to the secondary reaction area 61 by directing a portion of the optical guide cable 92 towards it. It should be noted that the wastewater in the primary reaction area 41 is darker in color, requiring more optical guide cables 92 for supplementary lighting.

[0035] It should be noted that during photosynthesis, higher light intensity is not always better for algae in the algae-bacterial granular sludge. Rather, the light intensity should be just right for the algae to grow in the granular sludge. Too low or too high light intensity will weaken or even stop photosynthesis in the algae-bacterial granular sludge. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably control the light intensity in the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61. The top of the primary reaction zone 41 can be directly illuminated by natural light. Therefore, the closer to the top of the primary reaction zone 41, the less supplemental lighting is needed.

[0036] Specifically, the optical guide cables 92 are arranged circumferentially along the supplementary lighting area 51, and the density of the optical guide cables 92 gradually increases from top to bottom. This arrangement ensures that the light intensity is basically the same throughout the primary reaction zone 41, which is conducive to the photosynthesis of algae in the algae and bacteria granular sludge and the stable production of oxygen.

[0037] Furthermore, the light-collecting assembly 9 also includes two illuminance sensors 93. The first illuminance sensor 93 is arranged in the primary reaction zone 41, and the second illuminance sensor 93 is arranged in the secondary reaction zone 61. The first illuminance sensor 93 detects the light intensity in the primary reaction zone 41, and the second illuminance sensor 93 detects the light intensity in the secondary reaction zone 61. The light-collecting base 91 includes a base body, a drive motor, and a light-collecting plate (not shown in the attached figure). The light-collecting plate is rotatably hinged to the base body. The drive motor is mounted on the base body, and the output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the light-collecting plate so that the drive motor drives the light-collecting plate to rotate, thereby causing the light-collecting plate to rotate towards or away from the sun. The illuminance sensor 93 is electrically connected to the drive motor. Specifically, the illuminance sensor 93 is electrically connected to the drive motor through a processor. The processor receives the light intensity signal from the illuminance sensor 93 and sends a control signal to the drive motor based on the light intensity signal. The processor controls the drive motor to rotate, causing the light-collecting plate to rotate towards or away from the sun. When the light-collecting plate rotates towards the sun, more light is collected, thus increasing the light intensity in the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61. When the light-collecting plate rotates away from the sun, less light is collected, thus reducing the light intensity in the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61. Thus, the illuminance sensor 93 controls the drive motor to rotate, causing the light-collecting plate to move, so that the light intensity in the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61 is always maintained within the set value range. This allows the algae and bacteria granular sludge to work under the optimal light intensity, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the algae and bacteria granular sludge.

[0038] It should also be noted that in some other embodiments of this application, the light-collecting component 9 includes a solar panel, a battery, wires, and supplementary lighting. During the day, the solar panel converts light energy into electrical energy and transmits the electrical energy to the supplementary lighting through the wires, which then provides supplementary lighting to the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61. On sunny days with good lighting conditions, the solar panel generates excess electrical energy, which is stored in the battery. On cloudy or rainy days with poor lighting conditions, the solar panel generates insufficient electrical energy, and the supplementary lighting is powered simultaneously by the solar panel and the battery to ensure that the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61 always receive sufficient sunlight during the day.

[0039] Preferably, two inlet pipes 2 are arranged symmetrically along the center of the mixing reaction zone 411, and the two inlet pipes 2 extend into the mixing reaction zone 411 from both sides at an offset and obliquely upward, so that the water flow at the inlet pipe 2 generates a thrust along the tangential direction of the mixing reaction zone 411 and an upward thrust along the mixing reaction zone 411, so as to drive the sewage in the mixing reaction zone 411 to rotate and flow upward.

[0040] Through the above structural design, the sewage and algae granular sludge in the stirring reaction zone 411 can be mixed without increasing energy consumption.

[0041] Furthermore, it also includes a magnetic stimulation stirring mechanism 10, which includes a stirring blade 101, a stirring shaft 102, a first magnetic generating module 103, and a second magnetic generating module 104. Both the first and second magnetic generating modules 103 and 104 are arranged on the base 1. The first magnetic generating module 103 is located below the primary reaction zone 41, and the second magnetic generating module 104 is arranged in a ring shape and located below the secondary reaction zone 61. The stirring shaft 102 is arranged along its height within the primary reaction zone 41, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the base 1. The stirring blade 101 is rotatably connected to the stirring shaft 102. The stirring blade 101 is magnetic, and the first magnetic generating module 103 is used to drive the stirring blade 101 to rotate. Specifically, a magnet is installed at the end of the stirring blade 101, making the entire structure formed by the stirring blade 101 and the magnet magnetic. Except for the magnet, the other parts of the stirring blade 101 are made of transparent material.

[0042] It is understood that the first magnetic generation module 103 uses an electromagnetic coil to form a disc. By changing the direction of the current flow in the electromagnetic coil, the direction of the magnetic field of the first magnetic generation module 103 can be changed. The changing magnetic field generated by the first magnetic generation module 103 stimulates the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41, promoting algae growth and metabolism, thereby improving the ability of the algae and bacteria granular sludge to decompose organic matter in wastewater. In addition, the changing magnetic field drives the magnetic stirring blades 101 to rotate, achieving thorough mixing of wastewater and algae and bacteria granular sludge in the stirring reaction zone 411. Similarly, the changing magnetic field generated by the second magnetic generation module 104 stimulates the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the secondary reaction zone 61, promoting the treatment of wastewater by the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the secondary reaction zone 61.

[0043] In actual operation, as wastewater continuously enters the primary reaction zone, some algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41 will enter the secondary reaction zone 61 along with the overflowing wastewater from the top of the primary reaction zone 41. Over time, the amount of algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41 decreases, while the amount of algae and bacteria granular sludge in the secondary reaction zone 61 increases. When there is too little algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41, the wastewater treatment effect in the primary reaction zone 41 will decrease or even stagnate. Based on this, further improvements have been made. Specifically, a filter plate 42 is installed on the upper part of the first cylinder 4. The filter plate 42 is arranged as a downwardly protruding curved panel, specifically as a downwardly protruding spherical panel. The filter plate 42 and the guide cylinder 8 are arranged at intervals. The filter plate 42 is made of transparent material. It should be noted that the diameter of the filter holes on the filter plate 42 is smaller than the particle size of the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41. The filter plate 42 intercepts the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41, preventing its loss and ensuring a sufficient quantity of algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41 to guarantee the continuous and efficient decomposition of organic matter in the wastewater. Simultaneously, by employing a downward-protruding curved plate, when the wastewater in the stirring reaction zone 411 flows upward, the downward-protruding filter plate 42 diverts the wastewater flow. All the algae and bacteria granular sludge and most of the wastewater flow outwards under the guidance of the filter plate 42 and enter the return zone 412. A small portion of the wastewater passes through the filter holes on the filter plate 42 and eventually overflows from the top of the primary reaction zone 41 into the secondary reaction zone 61. The wastewater after the primary reaction zone 41 is guided and filtered by the filter plate 42, so that most of the algae and bacteria granular sludge is returned and the primary treated wastewater is filtered out. The primary treated wastewater overflows from the top of the supplementary lighting zone 51 into the secondary reaction zone 61 for further reaction.

[0044] The filter plate 42 is detachably connected to the first cylinder 4 so that algae and bacteria granular sludge can be added into the first cylinder 4 after the filter plate 42 is removed.

[0045] It should be noted that the guide tube 8 is a circular tube, which includes a contraction section, a straight section, and an expansion section arranged from top to bottom. The expansion section facilitates the entry of sewage and algae granular sludge into the guide tube 8, allowing them to flow smoothly upward through the straight section. The contraction section at the top is arranged in conjunction with the spherical filter plate 42, so that the sewage and algae granular sludge flowing upward from the mixing reaction zone 411 can be guided and diverted under the action of the spherical filter plate 42. Most of the sewage and all the algae granular sludge flow outward to the return zone 412 under the guidance of the spherical filter plate 42, while the other part of the sewage flows upward through the filter plate 42 and flows to the secondary reaction zone 61. The setting of the contraction section increases the flow velocity, so that more sewage can pass through the filter plate 42.

[0046] Furthermore, an overflow weir 52 and a guide pipe 53 are installed at the top of the supplementary lighting area 51. The overflow weir 52 is arranged around the primary reaction zone 41, and the height of the top of the overflow weir 52 is lower than the height of the top of the third cylinder 6, so that the wastewater filtered by the filter plate 42 at the top of the primary reaction zone 41 can overflow smoothly into the secondary reaction zone 61. The overflow weir 52 also makes the water flow at the top of the primary reaction zone 41 more stable and reduces the generation of turbulence. The first end of the guide pipe 53 is connected to the primary reaction zone 41 inside the overflow weir 52, and the second end of the guide pipe 53 is connected to the secondary reaction zone 61. The outlet of the guide pipe 53 is along the... A stirring paddle 62 and a connecting rod 63 are arranged tangentially within the secondary reaction zone 61. Wastewater filtered by the filter plate 42 in the primary reaction zone 41 is guided to the secondary reaction zone 61 via a guide pipe 53. The water flowing out of the guide pipe 53 flows tangentially along the secondary reaction zone 61, causing the wastewater within the secondary reaction zone 61 to rotate. The secondary reaction zone 61 is equipped with a stirring paddle 62 and a connecting rod 63. The first end of the connecting rod 63 is fixedly connected to a sludge hopper 64 or a base 1; in this application, it is fixedly connected to the base 1. The second end of the connecting rod 63 is cantilevered into the secondary reaction zone 61, and the stirring paddle 62 is rotatably connected to the cantilevered end of the connecting rod 63. As the wastewater flows in the secondary reaction zone 61, it drives the stirring paddle 62 to rotate, thereby agitating the wastewater in the secondary reaction zone 61 and ensuring thorough mixing and reaction between the algae and bacteria granular sludge and the wastewater. The stirring paddle 62 is a transparent conical propeller.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, a temperature control module 11 is also included. The temperature control module 11 is arranged within the base 1 to regulate the temperature of the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61. It should be noted that the temperature of the wastewater determines the rate at which bacteria decompose the wastewater. Excessively high or low wastewater temperatures will significantly reduce the efficiency of the bacteria in the algae-bacterial granular sludge in degrading organic matter and nutrients in the wastewater. Therefore, the temperature control module 11 is installed within the base 1 to regulate the temperature in the primary reaction zone 41 and the secondary reaction zone 61, ensuring that the temperatures in these zones remain within the active temperature range of the algae-bacterial granular sludge.

[0048] Preferably, a sludge collection hopper 64 and a sludge discharge pipe 65 are provided at the bottom of the secondary reaction zone 61. The sludge collection hopper 64 is arranged at the bottom of the secondary reaction zone 61 and faces upward. The first end of the sludge discharge pipe 65 is connected to the inside of the sludge collection hopper 64, and the second end of the sludge discharge pipe 65 passes through the third cylinder 6 and extends outward.

[0049] By setting a sludge collection hopper 64 at the bottom of the secondary reaction zone 61, some of the heavier solid sediments in the secondary reaction zone 61 settle downwards and accumulate in the sludge collection hopper 64. The sludge settled in the sludge collection hopper 64 is cleaned periodically through the sludge discharge pipe 65.

[0050] The working principle and basic operation process of this invention are as follows:

[0051] During operation, filter plate 42 is first removed, and algae-bacterial granular sludge of corresponding concentration is added to the primary reaction zone 41 and secondary reaction zone 61. Filter plate 42 is then installed, and wastewater is introduced tangentially into the primary reaction zone 41 through two inlet pipes 2. The wastewater is thoroughly mixed with the algae-bacterial granular sludge in the primary reaction zone 41. Light energy is provided to the supplementary lighting zone 51 through the light-collecting component 9, which supplements the lighting of the primary reaction zone 41 and secondary reaction zone 61. At the same time, natural light illuminates the primary reaction zone 41 and secondary reaction zone 61 from the top. In the primary reaction zone 41, the algae and bacteria granular sludge treats the wastewater. Specifically, during the day, the algae in the algae and bacteria granular sludge produce oxygen through photosynthesis, and the bacteria in the algae and bacteria granular sludge absorb the oxygen and decompose the organic matter in the wastewater. The carbon dioxide produced is then absorbed and utilized by the algae, reducing carbon dioxide emissions. At night, air is introduced into the primary reaction zone 41 through the aeration component 7. The oxygen in the air dissolves in the wastewater, providing the algae and bacteria in the algae and bacteria granular sludge with the oxygen required for respiration, so as to keep the algae and bacteria granular sludge active. Under the impact of the aeration component 7 or the water flow from the inlet pipe 2, or the combined impact of the aeration component 7 and the water flow from the inlet pipe 2, the wastewater and algae-bacterial granular sludge in the mixing reaction zone 411 flow upwards. The filter plate 42 guides the algae-bacterial granular sludge, causing it to flow outwards and enter the return zone 412. In the return zone 412, it flows downwards and re-enters the mixing reaction zone 411 from the bottom, forming a circulating flow. Some wastewater passes through the filter plate 42, and the filtered wastewater flows into the secondary reaction zone 61 from the overflow weir and also flows into the secondary reaction zone 61 from the guide pipe 53. In the secondary reaction zone 61, it reacts again with the algae-bacterial granular sludge and is then discharged from the drain pipe 3. The supplementary lighting zone 51 provides supplementary lighting to the primary reaction zone 41, increasing the reaction rate in the primary reaction zone 41 and preventing the algae-bacterial granular sludge from becoming inactive due to lack of light, thus enabling the system to operate continuously and stably. The secondary reaction zone 61 is irradiated by supplemental lighting zone 51 and external natural light passing through the third cylinder 6, thereby increasing the light intensity in the secondary reaction zone 61 and preventing the algae and bacteria granular sludge from becoming inactive due to insufficient light.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a water inlet pipe (2), a drain pipe (3), and a first cylinder (4), a second cylinder (5), and a third cylinder (6) installed on the base (1) and arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. A primary reaction zone (41) is formed inside the first cylinder (4), an annular supplementary lighting zone (51) is formed between the first cylinder (4) and the second cylinder (5), and a secondary reaction zone (61) is formed between the second cylinder (5) and the third cylinder (6). The top of the supplementary lighting area (51) is closed, and the tops of the first cylinder (4) and the second cylinder (5) are arranged lower than the top of the third cylinder (6) so that the sewage in the primary reaction zone (41) can overflow into the secondary reaction zone (61). The water inlet pipe (2) passes through the bottom of the first cylinder (4) and extends into the primary reaction zone (41); The drain pipe (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the third cylinder (6), and the drain pipe (3) is connected to the secondary reaction zone (61); The first cylinder (4), the second cylinder (5) and the third cylinder (6) are all arranged to be transparent, and the supplementary light area (51) simultaneously provides supplementary light to the primary reaction area (41) and the secondary reaction area (61); It also includes an aeration assembly (7) and a guide tube (8), the guide tube (8) being arranged inside the first cylinder (4) to divide the primary reaction zone (41) into a stirring reaction zone (411) and a reflux zone (412), the top and bottom of the stirring reaction zone (411) and the reflux zone (412) being interconnected; The aeration assembly (7) is arranged below the guide tube (8) to aerate and stir the stirring reaction zone (411); A filter plate (42) is also installed on the upper part of the first cylinder (4). The filter plate (42) is arranged as a downwardly protruding curved plate, and the diameter of the filter hole on the filter plate (42) is smaller than the particle size of the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone (41). It is used to intercept the algae and bacteria granular sludge and allow the treated wastewater to pass through. The wastewater treatment device also includes a magnetic stimulation stirring mechanism (10), which includes stirring blades (101), stirring shaft (102) and a first magnetic generation module (103). The stirring blades (101) are magnetic and rotatably connected to the stirring shaft (102). The first magnetic generation module (103) is arranged on the base (1) below the primary reaction zone (41) and is used to drive the stirring blades (101) to rotate by generating a changing magnetic field, and at the same time stimulate the algae and bacteria granular sludge in the primary reaction zone (41).

2. The wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a light-collecting component (9), the light-collecting end of which is arranged outside the third cylinder (6), and the output end of which is connected to the supplementary light area (51) to simultaneously supplement light in the primary reaction area (41) and the secondary reaction area (61) on both sides of the supplementary light area (51).

3. A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light-collecting assembly (9) includes a light-collecting base (91) and a light guide cable (92). The light-collecting base (91) is located outside the third cylinder (6), and a focusing surface (911) is provided on the light-collecting base (91). Multiple light guide cables (92) are provided, and the input ends of all the light guide cables (92) are arranged at the focal point of the focusing surface (911). The output ends of some of the light guide cables (92) extend into the supplementary light area (51) and are arranged towards the primary reaction area (41). The output ends of other light guide cables (92) extend into the supplementary light area (51) and are arranged towards the secondary reaction area (61).

4. A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical guide cable (92) is arranged circumferentially along the supplementary light area (51), and the arrangement density of the optical guide cable (92) gradually increases from top to bottom.

5. A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two water inlet pipes (2) are arranged symmetrically along the center of the stirring reaction zone (411), and the two water inlet pipes (2) extend into the stirring reaction zone (411) from both sides at an angle upward, so as to drive the sewage in the stirring reaction zone (411) to rotate and flow upward.

6. A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It also includes a magnetic stimulation stirring mechanism (10), which further includes a second magnetic generation module (104), which is arranged on the base (1) and below the secondary reaction zone (61); The stirring shaft (102) is arranged in the primary reaction zone (41) along the height direction, and the bottom of the stirring shaft (102) is fixedly connected to the base (1).

7. A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter plate (42) and the guide tube (8) are arranged at intervals; The filter plate (42) is made of transparent material.

8. A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to claim 6, characterized in that: An overflow weir (52) and a guide pipe (53) are provided at the top of the supplementary lighting area (51). The overflow weir (52) is arranged around the primary reaction area (41). The height of the top of the overflow weir (52) is lower than the height of the top of the third cylinder (6). The first end of the guide pipe (53) is connected to the primary reaction zone (41) inside the overflow weir (52), the second end of the guide pipe (53) is connected to the secondary reaction zone (61), and the outlet of the guide pipe (53) is arranged tangentially in the secondary reaction zone (61). The secondary reaction zone (61) is provided with a stirring paddle (62) and a connecting rod (63). The first end of the connecting rod (63) is fixedly connected to the base (1), and the second end of the connecting rod (63) is cantilevered into the secondary reaction zone (61). The stirring paddle (62) is rotatably connected to the cantilevered end of the connecting rod (63).

9. A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature control module (11), which is arranged inside the base (1) for adjusting the temperature of the primary reaction zone (41) and the secondary reaction zone (61).

10. A wastewater treatment device based on algae-bacterial granular sludge according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the secondary reaction zone (61) is provided with a sludge collection hopper (64) and a sludge discharge pipe (65). The sludge collection hopper (64) is arranged at the bottom of the secondary reaction zone (61) and faces upward. The first end of the sludge discharge pipe (65) is connected to the inside of the sludge collection hopper (64), and the second end of the sludge discharge pipe (65) passes through the third cylinder (6) and extends outward.

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