Rapid positioning method, device and system for vertical installation of light prefabricated building board

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid positioning method, device and system for vertical installation of light prefabricated building boards, and belongs to the technical field of industrial construction of buildings. The method comprises the steps that coordinates of a positioning structure on a plate are preset in the prefabrication stage and converted into building coordinates in the construction stage, and target coordinates of a butt joint piece on a supporting frame are inversely calculated; during installation, the space pose of the butt joint piece of the supporting system is set according to the target coordinate, the plate is hoisted to enable the bottom of the plate to be matched with the positioning clamping groove, automatic centering is achieved through the guiding structure, and the locking mechanism is driven to complete rigid connection. The device comprises connecting parts which are arranged on the plate and the supporting body respectively and have guiding and locking functions. The system integrates plates, devices and supporting and positioning components. According to the method, high-altitude manual adjustment is converted into a standard process based on coordinate presetting, so that the purposes of correcting during hoisting and locking in place are achieved, the mounting efficiency, precision and safety are remarkably improved, and the technical basis of digital construction is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrialized construction technology, specifically to a rapid positioning method, device, and system for the vertical installation of lightweight prefabricated building panels. Background Technology

[0002] In prefabricated construction, the application of lightweight prefabricated building panels (such as prefabricated exterior wall panels, interior partition panels, and permanent non-removable formwork) is becoming increasingly widespread. Traditional installation methods typically require workers to operate at heights, repeatedly adjusting the verticality and flatness of the panels, resulting in low efficiency, difficulty in ensuring accuracy, and insufficient safety. The root cause lies in the fact that existing installation processes fail to organically combine precise pre-setting of the spatial coordinates of the panels, rapid mechanical docking, and system-wide collaborative control, lacking a complete technical solution. The applicant's prior application (application number: CN2025118808533) discloses an innovative non-removable formwork, in which standardized functional interfaces are prefabricated within the panel, providing an excellent material foundation for efficient construction.

[0003] However, in practice, it has been found that bottlenecks still exist in the installation process to fully leverage the technological advantages of this advanced template and similar precast panels. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a dedicated technology that can fundamentally guarantee installation efficiency and accuracy. This invention is an improvement on installation technology made against this background, aiming to solve the common problems in the installation and positioning of lightweight precast building panels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] I. Technical Problem to be Solved by the Invention The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a rapid positioning technology based on coordinate preset, mechanical guidance and locking and system coordination, so as to fundamentally ensure the installation efficiency, accuracy and safety of lightweight prefabricated building panels.

[0005] II. Technical Solution

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a complete technical solution from four aspects: design method, installation method, docking device and system.

[0007] 1. Design Methodology In a first aspect, the present invention provides a rapid positioning design method for the vertical installation of lightweight prefabricated building panels. The method includes: Spatial coordinate preset steps: In the factory, a positioning structure for installing positioning connectors is prefabricated on a lightweight prefabricated building panel (1), and the preset spatial coordinates of the positioning structure in the panel's own coordinate system are accurately determined; Coordinate transformation steps: During the construction design phase, the preset spatial coordinates of the positioning structure are converted into architectural spatial coordinates; Reverse calculation steps for docking points: Based on the transformed architectural space coordinates, the target architectural space coordinates of the docking component (30) at the top of the support frame are determined in reverse.

[0008] In this invention, the mounting plane of the board is defined as the XZ plane, where the X direction is the width direction of the board and the Z direction is the vertical height direction; the horizontal direction perpendicular to the board surface is defined as the Y direction.

[0009] Preferably, a positioning connector is installed on the positioning structure; the target architectural space coordinates of the docking member (30) and the architectural space coordinates of the positioning structure are configured such that when the positioning connector installed on the plate (1) moves to engage with the docking member (30) fixed to the target architectural space coordinates during the hoisting process, the plate (1) is automatically centered and guided in the installation plane (XZ plane) through the interaction between the two, and the positioning connector and the docking member (30) reach a predetermined relative posture, which is suitable for rigid locking of the two in the direction perpendicular to the installation plane (Y direction) through locking operation.

[0010] More preferably, the architectural space coordinates of the positioning structure are defined as the center coordinates of the annular groove (202) in the positioning connector; the target architectural space coordinates of the docking member (30) are defined as the geometric center coordinates of the locking pin (301) on the docking member (30); the positioning accuracy of the plate (1) is ensured by aligning the geometric center of the locking pin (301) with the center of the annular groove (202) in three-dimensional space (X, Y, Z directions).

[0011] 2. Installation Method Secondly, the present invention provides a rapid positioning and installation method for vertical installation of lightweight prefabricated building panels. The method utilizes the aforementioned rapid positioning design method and includes the following steps: S1. Support system preset: Based on the target building space coordinates, the spatial position of the docking part (30) is precisely set at the top of the support frame; especially crucial is to ensure that the coordinates of the docking part (30) in the Y direction of controlling the verticality of the plate are accurate.

[0012] S2. Lifting of the plate and initial bottom positioning: Lift the plate (1) and match the bottom edge of the plate (1) with the bottom positioning slot (70) laid on the lower building.

[0013] S3. Top docking and locking: The positioning connector installed on the positioning structure of the plate (1) docks with the already positioned docking part (30), the guide structure compensates for the initial installation deviation of the plate in the installation plane (XZ plane), and drives the locking mechanism to make the two rigidly connected in the direction perpendicular to the installation plane (Y direction).

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, a fluid leveling layer is laid in the bottom positioning slot (70) to compensate for the flatness deviation of the surface of the lower building.

[0015] 3. Docking device Thirdly, the present invention provides a rapid positioning and docking device for the vertical installation of lightweight prefabricated building panels. The device includes: The first connecting part is adapted to be installed on the positioning structure of the plate (1); The second connecting part is suitable for fixing to the support frame; One of the first connecting part and the second connecting part is provided with a guide structure for compensating for in-plane deviation during docking, and the other is provided with a guided structure that cooperates with the guide structure; One of the first connecting part and the second connecting part is provided with a locking part, and the other is provided with a locking mechanism that can engage with the locking part to restrict the separation of the two.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting part is a positioning connector, and the second connecting part is a docking member (30). The guiding structure is disposed on the positioning connector, and the locking mechanism and the guided structure are disposed on the docking member (30).

[0017] Specifically, the positioning connector includes a sleeve (20). The inner wall of the sleeve (20) is provided with the guiding structure, namely the guiding inclined surface (203); its inner wall is also provided with the locking part, namely the annular groove (202). The front end of the docking member (30) is provided with the guided structure, namely the conical surface; its side wall is provided with a radial through hole, and the locking mechanism includes a locking pin (301) disposed in the radial through hole and capable of radial extension and retraction, and a driving member (302) for driving the locking pin (301); the locking pin (301) is adapted to the annular groove (202). The driving member is a set screw (302) screwed to the axial direction of the docking member (30). To optimize the transmission, the back of the locking pin (301) is provided with a passive inclined surface (3011), and the front end of the set screw (302) is conical, and the conical end abuts against the passive inclined surface (3011).

[0018] The device is installed on a pre-drilled mounting hole (such as a lifting hole 6) in the plate (1) by a fixing bolt (10). One end of the sleeve (20) is provided with an internal thread section (201) for threaded connection with the fixing bolt (10), and the other end is provided with a flange (206). When the fixing bolt (10) passes through the mounting hole from the inside of the plate (1) and is connected to the sleeve (20), the flange (206) is pressed against the outer surface of the plate (1). The fixing bolt (10) includes a head (102), a smooth rod positioning section (104) with a diameter matching the mounting hole (6), and an external thread section (101). To further ensure sealing, a sealing washer (103) is provided between the head (102) of the fixing bolt (10) and the inner wall of the plate (1).

[0019] 4. Install the system Fourthly, the present invention provides a rapid positioning and installation system for vertical installation of lightweight prefabricated building panels. The system includes: Lightweight precast building panel (1), on which at least one positioning structure is precast; At least one rapid positioning and docking device as described in any one of claims 6 to 13, wherein the first connecting part is mounted on the positioning structure; A positioning support frame is provided with a second connecting part fixed at its top based on the spatial coordinates of the target building; Bottom positioning slot (70) is laid on the lower building body to accommodate the bottom edge of the plate (1); And a leveling layer laid in the bottom positioning slot (70).

[0020] Furthermore, the leveling layer has fluidity. The positioning support frame is constructed from general-purpose scaffolding pipes (40) using adjustable cross couplers (50). Furthermore, the second connecting part is fixed to the top of the support frame using the cross couplers (50).

[0021] III. Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: The installation accuracy has been fundamentally improved: through the principle of "coordinate preset, mechanical guidance and locking, and system coordination", the high-altitude adjustment work that relies on manual experience has been transformed into a standardized process based on precise spatial coordinates, achieving a qualitative leap in installation accuracy; its installation efficiency has also been significantly improved: through the coordinated design of initial constraint of the bottom slot and guidance and locking of the top device, the complex process has been simplified into a standardized operation of "hoisting-positioning-locking", realizing "hoisting is correction, locking is positioning", and significantly improving work efficiency; it is safe, reliable and highly versatile: the mechanical locking mechanism is used, the connection is reliable and the construction safety is high; the support system uses general scaffolding, which is low in cost and easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the application status of the quick-locating installation system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is an exploded cross-sectional view of the positioning connector.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mating parts.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the node where the connecting piece is connected to the scaffold pipe via a cross coupler.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a magnified partial cross-sectional view of the mating parts and the positioning connectors after they have been mated and locked together.

[0027] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1: Lightweight precast building panels 6: Positioning structure (preferably lifting hole) 10: Fixing bolt; 101: External thread section; 102: Head; 103: Sealing washer; 104: Smooth rod positioning section 20: Sleeve; 201: Internal thread section; 202: Annular groove; 203: Guide bevel; 206: Flange 30: Connecting part; 301: Locking pin; 3011: Passive bevel; 302: Set screw 40: Scaffolding pipes 50: Cross-shaped fastener 70: Bottom positioning slot Detailed Implementation

[0028] The core of this invention lies in establishing a complete technical system from "design pre-planning" to "on-site execution". The preferred embodiments of this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the rapid positioning method, device, and system described in this invention are applied to lightweight precast building panels, including but not limited to lightweight precast concrete panels, non-removable formwork (permanent formwork), precast sandwich insulation panels, and other panel components. For the sake of brevity, the term "panel (1)" will be used in the text.

[0029] Positioning design method: First, in the factory, a positioning structure (6) is pre-set on the lightweight prefabricated building panel (1), and its preset spatial coordinates in the panel's own coordinate system are accurately measured. Then, in the construction design stage, the coordinates are converted into architectural spatial coordinates, and the target architectural spatial coordinates of the top connecting part (30) of the support frame are accurately derived in reverse.

[0030] Quick installation method: S1. Support system presets: such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, based on the target coordinates, a support frame is erected using general scaffolding pipes (40) and adjustable cross couplers (50), and the connecting parts (30) are precisely fixed in the preset position, especially ensuring that their coordinates are accurate in the key direction for controlling verticality—the direction perpendicular to the plate mounting surface (Y direction).

[0031] S2. Lifting and initial bottom positioning of the plate: Lift the plate (1) so that its bottom edge is embedded in the bottom positioning slot (70). In order to compensate for the interference of uneven surface of the lower building on the Z-direction (height direction) elevation, a fluid leveling layer (such as special mortar or curable elastic sealing material) can be laid in the slot (70) to give the plate room for fine adjustment in the Z-direction.

[0032] S3. Top docking and locking: Install the positioning connector onto the positioning structure (6). Fine-tune the plate to align the inlet of the positioning connector with the docking piece (30). Under the action of the inlet guide ramp (203), the docking piece (30) is guided into the sleeve (20), which automatically compensates for the initial installation deviation of the plate (1) in the X and Z directions. When the locking pin (301) on the docking piece (30) moves to align with the annular groove (202) on the inner wall of the sleeve (20), Figure 5 Tighten the set screw (302) using a tool. The conical surface at the front end of the set screw (302) pushes the passive inclined surface (3011) on the back of the locking pin (301), forcing the locking pin (301) to extend radially, and finally its end is firmly locked into the annular groove (202), realizing the rigid locking of the mating part (30) and the positioning connector in the Y direction.

[0033] Meanwhile, during the locking process, the precise position of the top lifting hole (6) is transmitted to the bottom through the rigidity of the plate (1), adaptively fine-tuning the initial constraint achieved by the bottom slot (70). The weight of the plate also causes its bottom edge to be stably pressed into the leveling layer, and the flowing leveling material fully fills the gaps, forming a flat reference surface. Finally, the system, through the coordinated mechanism of "bottom constraint - top locking - rigidity transmission", jointly ensures that the plate (1) is quickly and accurately positioned in the design position.

[0034] Rapid positioning and docking device The core of the device lies in the synergistic effect of two connecting parts located on the plate and the support, which achieve rapid guidance and rigid locking. More specifically, as shown... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting part is a positioning connector and the second connecting part is a docking part (30).

[0035] The positioning connector is installed on the lifting hole (6) by fixing bolts (10). The guide slope (203) inside its sleeve (20) is responsible for guidance, and the annular groove (202) is used for locking and positioning. The docking part (30) is mechanically locked by the cooperation of locking pin (301) and set screw (302). This device realizes the coordinated work of guidance and locking, simplifying the complex high-altitude adjustment into a simple mechanical action.

[0036] Rapid positioning and installation system and collaborative principle The system integrates a sheet metal plate (1), a quick positioning and docking device as described above, a support frame, and a bottom positioning slot (70). Its collaborative working principle is: Bottom positioning slot (70): provides initial constraint on the plate (1) (X and Y directions) in the horizontal plane.

[0037] Leveling layer: Avoids creating rigid constraints on the board in the vertical direction (Z direction), allowing for minor adjustments to the elevation.

[0038] The target architectural spatial coordinates of the mating parts (especially in the Y direction) determine the verticality of the panels.

[0039] Positioning and docking device: its guiding function (guiding inclined surface 203) compensates for deviations in the X and Z directions; its locking function (locking pin 301 and annular groove 202) provides the final tie force in the Y direction.

[0040] During construction, as the weight of the board compresses the leveling layer, the precise positioning at the top is transmitted to the bottom through the rigidity of the board itself, enabling fine-tuning of the initial constraint on the bottom. These three elements work together to ensure accurate and rapid positioning of the board.

[0041] Disassembly and recycling: After the concrete has been poured and cured to the required strength, loosen the top screw (302). The tapered front end of the top screw (302) will retract, and the locking pin (301) will retract radially. The connecting part (30), sleeve (20) and the entire support frame can then be disassembled and recycled, while the fixing bolt (10) remains in the concrete. This achieves the recycling of reusable parts.

[0042] It should be noted that the above embodiments are detailed descriptions of the present invention, not limitations. Under the concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can derive various modifications. For example, the specific forms of the first and second connecting parts are not limited to sleeves and connecting rods; any combined structure capable of achieving both "guiding compensation for planar deviation" and "mechanical locking in the vertical direction" should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention is applicable to general lightweight prefabricated building panels, and is particularly suitable for lightweight prefabricated building panels with integrated functional interfaces, generating a synergistic effect and fully leveraging their technical advantages. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid positioning design method for vertical installation of lightweight prefabricated building panels, characterized in that, The method includes: Spatial coordinate preset steps: In the factory, a positioning structure for installing positioning connectors is prefabricated on a lightweight prefabricated building panel (1), and the preset spatial coordinates of the positioning structure in the panel's own coordinate system are accurately determined; Coordinate transformation steps: During the construction design phase, the preset spatial coordinates of the positioning structure are converted into architectural spatial coordinates; Reverse calculation steps for docking points: Based on the transformed architectural space coordinates, the target architectural space coordinates of the docking component (30) at the top of the support frame are determined in reverse.

2. The rapid positioning design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning structure is equipped with a positioning connector; the target building space coordinates of the docking member (30) and the building space coordinates of the positioning structure are configured such that when the positioning connector installed on the plate (1) moves to engage with the docking member (30) fixed to the target building space coordinates during the hoisting process, the plate (1) is automatically centered and guided in the installation plane through the interaction between the two, and the positioning connector and the docking member (30) reach a predetermined relative posture, which is suitable for rigid locking of the two in the direction perpendicular to the installation plane through locking operation.

3. The rapid positioning design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The architectural space coordinates of the positioning structure are defined as the center coordinates of the annular groove (202) in the positioning connector; The target architectural space coordinates of the docking component (30) are defined as the geometric center coordinates of the locking pin (301) on the docking component (30); The positioning accuracy of the plate (1) is ensured by aligning the geometric center of the locking pin (301) with the center of the annular groove (202) in three-dimensional space.

4. A rapid positioning and installation method for vertical installation of lightweight precast building panels, characterized in that, The method employs the rapid positioning design method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, and includes the following steps: S1. Support system preset: Based on the target building space coordinates, the spatial position of the docking part (30) is precisely set at the top of the support frame; S2. Lifting of the plate and initial bottom positioning: Lift the plate (1) and align the bottom edge of the plate (1) with the bottom positioning component (70) laid on the lower building structure; S3. Top docking and locking: The positioning connector installed on the positioning structure of the plate (1) docks with the already positioned docking piece (30), the guide structure compensates for the initial installation deviation of the plate in the installation plane, and the locking mechanism drives the two to be rigidly connected in the direction of the vertical installation plane.

5. The rapid positioning and installation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, a fluid leveling layer is laid inside the bottom positioning component (70) to compensate for the flatness deviation of the surface of the lower building.

6. A rapid positioning and docking device for vertical installation of lightweight prefabricated building panels, characterized in that, The device includes: The first connecting part is adapted to be installed on the positioning structure of the plate (1); The second connecting part is suitable for fixing to the support frame; One of the first connecting part and the second connecting part is provided with a guide structure for compensating for in-plane deviation during docking, and the other is provided with a guided structure that cooperates with the guide structure; One of the first connecting part and the second connecting part is provided with a locking part, and the other is provided with a locking mechanism that can engage with the locking part to restrict the separation of the two.

7. The rapid positioning and docking device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first connecting part is a positioning connector, and the second connecting part is a docking part (30). The guiding structure is located on the positioning connector, and the locking mechanism is located on the docking member (30).

8. The rapid positioning and docking device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The guiding structure is a guiding inclined surface (203) located at the inlet end of the positioning connector; the guided structure is a conical surface located at the front end of the docking member (30).

9. The rapid positioning and docking device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The positioning connector includes a sleeve (20), and the guide slope (203) is provided at the entrance of the inner wall of the sleeve (20); the locking part is an annular groove (202) provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (20). The locking mechanism includes a radially retractable locking pin (301) disposed on the side wall of the docking member (30), and a driving member (302) for driving the locking pin (301); the locking pin (301) is adapted to the annular groove (202).

10. The rapid positioning and docking device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The driving component is a set screw (302) screwed axially to the docking component (30); the back of the locking pin (301) is provided with a passive inclined surface (3011), and the front end of the set screw (302) is tapered, which abuts against the passive inclined surface (3011).

11. The rapid positioning and docking device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The positioning structure is a mounting hole pre-made on the plate (1); it also includes a fixing bolt (10), one end of the sleeve (20) is provided with an internal thread section (201) for threaded connection with the fixing bolt (10), and the other end is provided with a flange (206); when the fixing bolt (10) passes through the mounting hole from the inside of the plate (1) and is connected to the sleeve (20), the flange (206) is pressed against the outer side of the plate (1).

12. The rapid positioning and docking device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The mounting hole is a lifting hole (6); the fixing bolt (10) includes a head (102), a smooth rod positioning section (104) with a diameter matching the lifting hole (6), and an external thread section (101).

13. The rapid positioning and docking device according to claim 11, characterized in that, A sealing washer (103) is provided between the head (102) of the fixing bolt (10) and the inner wall of the plate (1).

14. A rapid positioning and installation system for vertical installation of lightweight prefabricated building panels, characterized in that, The system includes: Lightweight precast building panel (1), on which at least one positioning structure is precast; At least one rapid positioning and docking device as described in any one of claims 6 to 13, wherein the first connecting part is mounted on the positioning structure; A positioning support frame is provided with a second connecting part fixed at its top based on the target building spatial coordinates as described in claim 1; Bottom positioning slot (70) is laid on the lower building body to accommodate the bottom edge of the plate (1); And a leveling layer laid in the bottom positioning slot (70).

15. The rapid positioning and installation system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The leveling layer has fluidity.

16. The rapid positioning and installation system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The positioning support frame is constructed from general scaffolding pipes (40) using adjustable cross couplers (50), and the second connecting part is fixed to the top of the support frame using the cross couplers (50).

Images