Large-diameter self-cleaning pressure stabilizing type drilling machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a large-diameter self-cleaning pressure stabilizing type drilling machine cutter which comprises a raise boring machine cutter, a hydraulic lifting mechanism and a radius adjusting supporting mechanism, the raise boring machine cutter comprises a center box body, a connecting rod, a left cutter clack and a right cutter clack, and the left cutter clack and the right cutter clack are fixed to the side face of the center box body; the top surfaces of the upper panels of the left blade and the right blade are inclined; the hydraulic lifting mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a lifting hydraulic cylinder and a lifting rod, the raise boring machine tool is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting plate and drives the lifting rod to lift up and down, and the bottom end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with a fixing block; the radius adjusting supporting mechanism comprises supporting hydraulic cylinders and telescopic supporting feet, the multiple supporting hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the circumferential direction of the side face of the fixing block, one end of each supporting hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the fixing block, a piston rod of each supporting hydraulic cylinder faces the outer side in the radial direction, and the end of the piston rod of each supporting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the corresponding telescopic supporting foot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to drilling rig tools for mine construction, specifically a large-diameter self-cleaning pressure-stabilizing drilling rig tool. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling rigs, as key equipment in vertical shaft construction, are widely used in mining, water conservancy, tunnel, and underground engineering construction. Their main functions include pilot hole drilling and vertical shaft enlargement. During raise shaft construction, the cutting tool system directly participates in rock mass fracturing. Due to uneven lithology or strata differences, the cutting tool often faces multiple technical challenges such as rock fragment accumulation, sudden changes in tool stress leading to unstable positioning, and difficulties in disassembly.

[0003] Currently, traditional raise boring machine (RAM) cutters mostly employ planar or near-planar structural designs. During drilling, this easily leads to the accumulation of broken rock cuttings on the cutter face, forming a crust that severely affects cuttings removal efficiency and drilling continuity. Furthermore, the cutter system lacks an effective active support and positioning mechanism during operation. Especially when the wellbore diameter changes or the drill string experiences complex stresses, problems such as cutter swaying and increased vibration can easily occur, affecting well completion quality and posing a safety hazard of cutter detachment.

[0004] In the tool disassembly process, existing processes mostly rely on manual intervention or simple hoisting methods, lacking systematic descent guidance and stable support measures, which increases operational risks and time costs. Although some improved solutions have introduced support structures, they still generally suffer from limitations such as limited adjustment range, low degree of automation, and difficulty in adapting to long vertical shafts or variable diameter shafts.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of existing riser drilling rig cutters in terms of rock breaking, construction stability and disassembly safety, there is an urgent need to develop an integrated cutter device with automatic rock breaking and diversion, hydraulic diameter adjustment support and controllable descent functions to improve construction efficiency, safety and adaptability to working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention discloses a large-diameter self-cleaning pressure-stabilizing drilling rig cutter, which can effectively guide the rock fragments to fall off and prevent caking. It also has precise control over the cutter's lifting and lowering as well as radial support adjustment functions, and can dynamically adapt to different well diameter changes, providing stable support for the cutter.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A large-diameter self-cleaning pressure-stabilized drilling rig cutter includes a raise boring machine cutter and a cutter support device. The raise boring machine cutter includes a central housing, a connecting rod penetrating and connected to the central housing, and a left and right cutter flaps disposed on the side of the central housing. The left and right cutter flaps are respectively fixed to the side of the central housing, and the top surface of the upper panel of the left and right cutter flaps is inclined. The cutter support device includes a hydraulic lifting mechanism and a radius adjustment support mechanism. The hydraulic lifting mechanism includes a mounting plate, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, and a lifting rod. The raise boring machine cutter is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting plate. The lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting rod to move up and down, and the bottom end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to a fixing block. The radius adjustment support mechanism includes a support hydraulic cylinder and a telescopic support foot. Multiple support hydraulic cylinders are arranged circumferentially along the side of the fixing block. One end of each support hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the fixing block, and the piston rod of the support hydraulic cylinder is radial and faces outward. The end of the piston rod of each support hydraulic cylinder is connected to the telescopic support foot.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper panel of the blade blade is inclined downward in the radial direction from one end near the central housing.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper panel of the blade is inclined to both sides from the radial center line.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing block is rectangular, and a supporting hydraulic cylinder is installed on each of the four sides of the fixing block.

[0011] Furthermore, the left and right blades are fixed to the side of the central housing with screws, and both the left and right blades are arranged symmetrically around the connecting rod as the axis.

[0012] This invention designs the upper surface of the raise boring machine cutter as a sloping panel, which effectively guides the falling rock fragments and prevents caking. A hydraulic lifting mechanism is installed below the cutter to effectively control its descent. A radius-adjustable support mechanism supports the cutter against the wellbore wall, providing stable support. Through coordinated control of the support and lifting mechanisms, the cutter is positioned and controlled to fall. This effectively prevents safety accidents such as cutter detachment during disassembly after the raise boring operation. The entire structure adopts a modular design, facilitating rapid assembly, disassembly, and maintenance. It can dynamically adapt to different shaft diameters and support force requirements and has a rapid deployment and retraction function. This invention significantly reduces the intensity and cost of manual operation, is suitable for long-distance vertical shaft raise boring operations, and has good engineering adaptability and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drilling tool in the embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support device in the embodiment; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the state of the drilling rig cutting tools supported on the wellbore sidewall in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper panel of the cutter blade of the riser drilling rig in the embodiment; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view.

[0014] Figure label: 1. Connecting rod; 2. Central housing; 3. Left blade; 4. Right blade; 5. Mounting plate; 6. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 7. Lifting rod; 8. Fixing block; 9. Telescopic support foot; 10. Supporting hydraulic cylinder; 11. Well shaft; 12. Upper panel of blade; 13. Radial centerline. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] This embodiment discloses a large-diameter self-cleaning pressure-stabilized drilling rig tool, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a raise boring machine cutter located at the top and a cutter support device located at the bottom. The cutter support device is divided into a hydraulic lifting mechanism and a radius adjustment support mechanism. The raise boring machine cutter is used to realize vertical shaft enlargement operations. The hydraulic lifting mechanism provides power to the moving parts of the system and controls the lifting and lowering actions of the radius adjustment support mechanism. The radius adjustment support mechanism is used to control the telescopic support foot 9 to provide reliable support for the cutter and enhance the overall stability during the construction process.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the riser drilling rig cutter includes a central housing 2, a connecting rod 1, a left cutter blade 3, and a right cutter blade 4. The connecting rod 1 is perpendicular to and penetrates the central housing 2, and is fixedly connected to the central housing 2 by a bolt assembly. The left cutter blade 3 and the right cutter blade 4 are respectively located on the outer periphery of the side of the central housing 2. Figure 1 The central box 2 is rectangular, and two left blades 3 and two right blades 4 are each provided. The left blades 3 and right blades 4 are fixed to the corresponding side panels of the central box 2 with screws. The left blades 3 and right blades 4 are arranged symmetrically around the connecting rod 1. To effectively guide the falling rock fragments and avoid compaction caused by rock fragment accumulation, in this embodiment... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the top surface of the upper panel 12 of the blades of the left blade 3 and the right blade 4 is designed as a slope. Figure 4 The example shown is the upper panel 12 of the left blade 3. Figure 4 A line radially from the center of the upper panel 12 along the blade edge is the radial centerline 13. Figure 4 The left end is the end closest to the central box 2, for reference. Figure 5 As can be seen, the upper panel 12 of the blade slopes downwards radially from the end closest to the central box 2, meaning the end closer to the central box 2 is higher and the end further away from the central box 2 is lower. This design allows rock fragments generated during construction to be guided down the slope, preventing them from accumulating on the upper panel 12. To further improve the effect of guiding rock fragments, in this embodiment, the radial center line 13 is used as the dividing line, with the radial center line 13 serving as the highest point of the upper panel 12. The height gradually decreases from the radial center line 13 to both sides, also forming an inclined surface with slopes on both sides.

[0018] like Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic lifting mechanism in this embodiment includes a circular mounting plate 5. Raising drill cutting tools are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate 5. A lifting hydraulic cylinder 6 is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 5. The lifting rod 7 of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 6 points vertically downwards, and a rectangular fixing block 8 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the lifting rod 7. The radius adjustment support mechanism in this embodiment includes a support hydraulic cylinder 10 and telescopic support feet 9. A support hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly mounted on each side of the fixing block 8. The cylinder barrels of the support hydraulic cylinders 10 are horizontally arranged, with the piston rod connection end of the support hydraulic cylinder 10 facing outwards. A telescopic support foot 9 is fixedly mounted at the piston rod connection end of each support hydraulic cylinder 10. The piston rods of each support hydraulic cylinder 10 are symmetrically distributed around the fixing block 8, driving four telescopic support feet 9 to tightly abut against the well wall, achieving reliable limiting and preventing the cutting tools from shaking or accidentally falling off during operation. The lifting rod 7 of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 6 moves up and down, thereby driving the fixing block 8 to rise and fall. The support hydraulic cylinder 10 controls the radial extension and retraction of the telescopic support feet 9 through the piston rod. When the cutter needs to be disassembled after the raise shaft operation is completed, such as Figure 3 As shown, first adjust the length of the telescopic support leg 9 according to the diameter of the well shaft 11, support each telescopic support leg 9 on the well wall, and then lower the cutter in a controlled manner to avoid safety accidents such as the cutter falling off during the descent.

[0019] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A large-diameter self-cleaning pressure-stabilized drilling tool, characterized in that: The system includes a raise boring machine (RBM) cutter and a cutter support device. The RBM cutter includes a central housing, a connecting rod penetrating and connected to the central housing, and a left and right cutter flaps located on the side of the central housing. The left and right cutter flaps are fixed to the side of the central housing, and the top surface of the upper panel of the left and right cutter flaps is inclined. The cutter support device includes a hydraulic lifting mechanism and a radius adjustment support mechanism. The hydraulic lifting mechanism includes a mounting plate, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, and a lifting rod. The RBM cutter is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting plate. The lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting rod to move up and down, and the bottom end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to a fixing block. The radius adjustment support mechanism includes a support hydraulic cylinder and a telescopic support foot. Multiple support hydraulic cylinders are arranged circumferentially along the side of the fixing block. One end of each support hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the fixing block, and the piston rod of the support hydraulic cylinder is radial and faces outward. The end of the piston rod of each support hydraulic cylinder is connected to the telescopic support foot.

2. The large-diameter self-cleaning pressure-stabilized drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper panel of the blade blade slopes downward radially from one end near the center of the housing.

3. The large-diameter self-cleaning pressure-stabilized drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper panel of the blade blade is inclined to both sides from the radial center line.

4. The large-diameter self-cleaning pressure-stabilized drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing block is rectangular, and a supporting hydraulic cylinder is installed on each of the four sides of the fixing block.

5. A large-diameter self-cleaning pressure-stabilized drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right blades are fixed to the side of the central housing with screws, and both blades are arranged symmetrically around the connecting rod as the axis.

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