Engine with external combustor

Abstract

The invention discloses an engine with an external combustor. The engine comprises a fuel feeder, an auxiliary fuel feeder, the combustor, a pneumatic machine, a heat exchanger, a heat pump, a controller, a heat preservation shell and a tail gas processor. The external combustor is adopted to fully mix the fuel and the auxiliary fuel, the fuel and the auxiliary fuel are fully combusted through continuous combustion in the combustor, part of the fuel can be premixed, and low-proportion and dilute mixing is used. The control valve is used for controlling the time, duration and size of gas entering the pneumatic machine, so that the air pressure in the cylinder approaches the external air pressure when the acting stroke is finished, and the gas pressure is fully used. A heat exchanger is used for heating fuel and / or auxiliary fuel through heat emitted by tail gas and a machine body, a heat pump is further used for improving heat of cooling fluid of the machine body, the heat exchanger and fluid at an air outlet of the heat pump, the heat pump is directly used for heating the fuel and / or the auxiliary fuel, or the heat exchanger or the heat pump is connected to heat the fuel and / or the auxiliary fuel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an engine. Background Technology

[0002] Modern engines are inefficient, with a large amount of heat being expelled with the exhaust gas. Furthermore, the exhaust gas is under considerable pressure, and some heat is lost in the cooling system. In addition, the combustion of fuel in modern engines occurs in a very short time, resulting in insufficient mixing and combustion, producing a lot of particulate matter, wasting fuel, and polluting the atmosphere after being emitted. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To improve engine efficiency, ensure complete fuel combustion, and reduce air pollution, this external burner engine was invented. This invention uses an external burner to thoroughly mix the fuel and auxiliary fuel, allowing for continuous combustion within the burner to ensure complete combustion. It can also premix some fuel, using a low-ratio, lean mixture. A control valve regulates the time, duration, and magnitude of the gas entering the pneumatic motor, ensuring that the cylinder pressure approaches the external pressure at the end of the power stroke, thus fully utilizing gas pressure. A heat exchanger uses the heat from the exhaust gas and engine block to heat the fuel and / or auxiliary fuel. Furthermore, a heat pump enhances the heat of the engine block cooling fluid, the heat exchanger, and the heat pump outlet fluid. The heat pump can be used directly to heat the fuel and / or auxiliary fuel, or connected to a heat exchanger or heat pump for heating.

[0004] The present invention includes a fuel supply unit, an auxiliary fuel supply unit, a burner, a pneumatic motor, a heat exchanger, a heat pump, a controller, an insulation shell, and an exhaust gas processor.

[0005] Fuel supplyers and auxiliary fuel supplyers provide fuel and auxiliary fuel or premix to the engine.

[0006] The burner includes a burner inlet and a burner outlet. The burner burns fuel and auxiliary fuel to provide kinetic energy gas for the pneumatic motor, and can also premix some of the fuel and auxiliary fuel.

[0007] The pneumatic actuator includes an air inlet and an air outlet. It is a device that converts the kinetic energy of gas pressure into mechanical energy. Examples include cylinders, pneumatic motors, and engine cylinders.

[0008] The heat exchanger includes at least one cold flow inlet, at least one cold flow outlet, at least one hot flow inlet, and at least one hot flow outlet. The heat exchanger transfers heat from the hot flow entering through the hot flow inlet and exiting through the hot flow outlet to the cold flow entering through the cold flow inlet and exiting through the cold flow outlet.

[0009] The heat pump includes at least one heat pump hot flow inlet, at least one heat pump hot flow outlet, at least one heat pump cold flow inlet, and at least one heat pump cold flow outlet. The heat pump is a device for transferring the thermal energy of a low-grade thermal fluid that enters from the heat pump cold flow inlet and exits from the heat pump cold flow outlet to a high-grade thermal fluid that enters from the heat pump hot flow inlet and exits from the heat pump hot flow outlet.

[0010] The control valve includes a control valve fluid inlet and a control valve fluid outlet. The control valve controls the fluid to enter the pneumatic motor at the beginning of the power stroke. When the amount of air entering the pneumatic motor approaches the external pressure of the gas and the total volume of the pneumatic motor, the inlet is closed. At the end of the power stroke, the air pressure inside the cylinder approaches the external pressure of the pneumatic motor, at which point the gas pressure is fully utilized. When the gas enters the pneumatic motor and the power stroke ends, the control valve closes the inlet, at which point the pneumatic motor outputs maximum power.

[0011] The external burner engine, burner, pneumatic motor, heat exchanger, and heat pump may have an insulation shell, which has an air inlet and an air outlet. Cold fluid entering from the air inlet cools the device.

[0012] The heat exchanger cold inlet connects to the fuel supplier and / or auxiliary fuel supplier, or the heat pump hot outlet, or other heat exchanger cold outlets or other heat exchanger hot outlets. The heat exchanger cold outlet connects to the burner inlet, or the heat pump cold inlet, or the heat pump hot inlet, or other heat exchanger cold inlet, or other heat exchanger hot inlet. The heat exchanger hot inlet connects to the pneumatic motor outlet, or the heat pump hot outlet, or other heat exchanger hot outlet. The heat exchanger hot outlet connects to the exhaust gas processor, or the heat pump cold inlet, or the heat pump hot inlet, or other hot inlet. The heat exchanger and heat pump are connected in series or parallel to transfer heat from the pneumatic motor outlet airflow and the insulation shell hot outlet airflow to the fuel and auxiliary fuel or premix. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of embodiment example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of embodiment example 2 of the present invention; Attachment Number: 1. Pneumatic motor 11. Pneumatic motor inlet 12. Pneumatic motor outlet 2. Burner 21. Burner feed inlet 22. Burner outlet 3. Heat exchanger 31. Heat exchanger cold flow inlet 32. Heat exchanger cold flow outlet 33. Heat exchanger hot flow inlet 34. Heat exchanger hot flow outlet 4. Control Valve 5. Exhaust Gas Processor 6. Heat Pump 61. Heat Pump Cold Flow Inlet 62. Heat Pump Cold Flow Outlet 63. Heat Pump Hot Flow Inlet 64. Heat Pump Hot Flow Outlet 7. Insulation Shell 71. Insulation Shell Cold Flow Inlet 72. Insulation Shell Hot Flow Outlet 01. Fuel Inlet 02. Auxiliary Fuel Inlet

[0014] Example 1:

[0015] like Figure 1 The external burner engine shown has fuel and auxiliary fuel entering the heat exchanger 3 through the fuel inlet 01 and auxiliary fuel inlet 02, passing through the heat exchanger cold flow inlet 31 and being heated. The fuel and auxiliary fuel exit from the heat exchanger cold flow outlet 32, enter the burner 2 through the burner feed inlet 21, and are burned. The generated gas exits from the burner outlet 22, passes through the control valve 4, and enters the pneumatic motor 1 through the pneumatic motor inlet 11. The control valve 4 controls the time and amount of gas entering the pneumatic motor 1. After performing work, the gas exits from the pneumatic motor outlet 12, enters the heat exchanger 3 through the heat exchanger hot flow inlet 33, and transfers heat to the fuel and auxiliary fuel. The gas exits from the heat exchanger hot flow outlet 34 and enters the exhaust gas processor 5 for discharge. The gas in the insulation shell 7 enters the heat exchanger 3 through the heat exchanger hot flow inlet 33, transfers heat to the fuel and auxiliary fuel, exits from the heat exchanger hot flow outlet 34, and is then discharged through the exhaust gas processor 5.

[0016] Example 2: like Figure 2 The external burner engine shown has auxiliary fuel entering through fuel inlet 02, passing through cold flow inlet 31 into heat exchanger 3, being heated by multiple heat exchangers 3, exiting through cold flow outlet 32, and entering burner 2 through burner inlet 21. There, it burns with the fuel entering through fuel inlet 01, generating gas that exits through burner outlet 22. This gas then passes through control valve 4 through pneumatic motor inlet 11 into pneumatic motor 1 to perform work, exiting through pneumatic motor outlet 12, and then passing through heat exchanger hot flow inlet 22 into the pneumatic motor 1. The gas enters the heat exchanger through port 33 to heat the fuel, and then exits through the heat exchanger hot flow outlet 34 into the insulation shell 7. A portion of the low-cost heat flow inside the insulation shell 7 passes through the heat pump cold flow inlet 61 and then through the heat pump 6, exiting through the heat pump cold flow outlet 62 and exiting through the exhaust gas processor 5. Another portion of the low-cost heat flow inside the insulation shell 7 passes through the heat pump hot flow inlet 63 and is heated by the heat pump 6, then enters the heat exchanger hot flow inlet 33 through the heat pump hot flow outlet 64 to heat the fuel, and exits through the heat exchanger hot flow outlet 34 and exiting through the exhaust gas processor 5.

Claims

1. An external burner engine, comprising a fuel supply unit, an auxiliary fuel supply unit, and an exhaust gas treatment unit, characterized in that, It includes one or more burners and one or more pneumatic actuators. The burner includes a burner inlet and a burner outlet. The fuel entering through the burner inlet may be premixed fuel. The pneumatic actuator is a device that converts gas pressure kinetic energy into mechanical energy, including a cylinder, a pneumatic motor, or a modified internal combustion engine cylinder. The pneumatic actuator includes a pneumatic actuator inlet and a pneumatic actuator outlet. The burner outlet is connected to the pneumatic actuator inlet.

2. The external burner engine according to claim 1, characterized in that... It includes a control valve that controls the time, duration, and amount of gas entering the pneumatic motor, and is connected between the burner and the pneumatic motor.

3. The external burner engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The device includes one or more heat exchangers, each heat exchanger having one or more cold flow inlets, one or more cold flow outlets, one or more hot flow inlets, and one or more hot flow outlets. The heat exchanger transfers heat from the hot flow inlet to the cold flow outlet, which in turn enters from the cold flow inlet and exits from the cold flow outlet. The cold flow inlet is connected to a fuel supplier and / or an auxiliary fuel supplier and / or other heat exchanger cold or hot outlets. The cold flow outlet is connected to a burner inlet or other heat exchanger cold flow inlet. The hot flow inlet is connected to a pneumatic motor outlet and / or other heat exchanger hot outlet.

4. The external burner engine according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The device comprises one or more heat pumps, each including one or more heat pump cold flow inlets, one or more heat pump cold flow outlets, one or more heat pump hot flow inlets, and one or more heat pump hot flow outlets. The heat pumps transfer thermal energy from a low-grade thermal fluid to a high-grade thermal fluid. The heat pump cold flow inlets are connected to the pneumatic motor outlet and / or the heat exchanger hot flow outlet and / or the heat exchanger cold flow outlet and / or other heat pump hot flow outlets. The heat pump hot flow inlets are connected to a fuel supplier or auxiliary fuel supplier or the heat exchanger cold flow outlet or the heat exchanger hot flow outlet or other heat pump hot flow outlets. The heat pump cold flow outlets are connected to an exhaust gas processor. The heat pump hot flow outlets are connected to the heat exchanger hot flow inlet or the heat exchanger cold flow inlet or the burner inlet or other heat pump cold flow inlet.

5. The external burner engine according to the foregoing claim, characterized in that, The external burner engine, pneumatic motor, burner, heat exchanger, and heat pump have an insulation shell. The insulation shell includes an air inlet and an air outlet. There is a cavity between the insulation shell and the machine body. The cold flow inlet of the heat pump or the hot flow inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet of the insulation shell.

6. A pneumatic motor control method, characterized in that, The pneumatic motor includes a control valve. When the pneumatic motor is in energy-saving mode, the control valve controls the fluid to enter the pneumatic motor at the beginning of the power stroke. When the amount of air entering the pneumatic motor approaches the total volume of the pneumatic motor at the external pressure of the gas, the air intake is closed. When the pneumatic motor is in maximum power mode, the control valve controls the fluid to enter the pneumatic motor at the beginning of the power stroke. When the pneumatic motor's power stroke ends, the control valve closes the air intake. Adjusting the opening and closing time of the control valve controls the amount of air entering the pneumatic motor, thereby controlling the pneumatic motor.

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