Coke oven raw gas waste heat recovery system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of raw coke oven gas waste heat recovery, and provides a coke oven raw coke oven gas waste heat recovery system which comprises an ascending pipe used for being communicated with a coke oven carbonization chamber, and the ascending pipe is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end; the cover body is hinged to the outlet end and used for rotationally covering the outlet end, and the outlet end is provided with an ignition head; the primary section sensible heat recovery assembly is arranged on the periphery of the ascending pipe in a sleeving manner, is close to the inlet end and is used for primarily recovering sensible heat of raw gas; and the second-section latent heat recovery assembly is communicated with the ascending pipe, is close to the outlet end and is used for recovering the latent heat of the raw gas. According to the raw gas waste heat recovery system provided by the invention, the effect of fully recovering the waste heat of the raw gas is realized through graded recovery of the sensible heat and the latent heat, and the technical problem that the waste heat of the raw gas is difficult to fully recover in related technologies is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of waste heat recovery technology of raw coal gas, specifically, to a waste heat recovery system for raw coke oven gas. Background Technology

[0002] Coke ovens are the core equipment for coke production in the iron and steel metallurgy and coal chemical industries. During the coking process, the coking coal in the coke oven's carbonization chamber produces a large amount of waste gas under high-temperature dry distillation. This waste gas has an initial temperature of 650℃-850℃ and carries approximately 36% of the total heat generated during coking, making it highly valuable for waste heat recovery. Waste heat recovery from waste gas is a key approach to energy conservation and carbon reduction in the coking industry, not only reducing overall energy consumption but also decreasing greenhouse gas emissions.

[0003] Currently, the industry has established a mainstream technical solution centered on sensible heat recovery via riser pipes. This primarily involves installing a heat exchanger around the riser pipe to transfer the sensible heat carried by the raw coal gas to the heat exchange medium, thereby generating steam and achieving energy recovery. However, existing technologies still face many unresolved issues in practical applications: First, the waste heat recovery efficiency of the riser pipe is low. Second, the waste heat recovery is incomplete, resulting in serious energy waste. The existing scheme can only recover the sensible heat of the raw coal gas. After the sensible heat of the raw coal gas is recovered, the temperature drops to 450℃-500℃. Subsequently, it needs to be cooled down to about 80℃ as required by the process by spraying ammonia water. During this process, a large amount of latent heat released by the phase change of easily condensable components such as tar and naphthalene in the raw coal gas is not effectively recovered and is directly lost during the ammonia water cooling process, resulting in limited waste heat recovery efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, embodiments of the present invention provide a coke oven raw gas waste heat recovery system, which solves the technical problem of difficulty in fully recovering raw gas waste heat in related technologies.

[0005] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a coke oven gas waste heat recovery system, comprising: The riser pipe has an inlet end at the lower end and an outlet end at the upper end. The inlet end is used to connect with the coke oven carbonization chamber. A cover body is hinged to the riser pipe. The cover body is rotatably mounted on the outlet end, and the outlet end is provided with an ignition head. The initial sensible heat recovery component is sleeved on the outer periphery of the riser pipe and close to the inlet end. The initial sensible heat recovery component is used to initially recover the sensible heat of the raw coal gas. The two-stage latent heat recovery component is located on the side of the riser pipe and is connected to the riser pipe. The two-stage latent heat recovery component is set near the outlet end and is used to recover the latent heat of the raw coal gas.

[0006] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a coke oven gas waste heat recovery system, wherein the initial sensible heat recovery component includes: A coil is wound around the outer periphery of the riser pipe, and the coil has a heat exchange inlet end and a heat exchange outlet end. The shell is fitted around the outer periphery of the coil, and both the heat exchange inlet and outlet ends penetrate the shell. The shell has a heat insulation cavity.

[0007] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a waste heat recovery system for coke oven gas. The portion of the riser tube around which the coil is located is a sensible heat recovery section. Several heat-conducting plates are arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the sensible heat recovery section of the riser tube, and the heat-conducting plates extend along the axial direction of the riser tube. The cross-sectional area of ​​the sensible heat recovery section of the riser gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end, and a strip-shaped flow channel is formed between two adjacent heat-conducting plates. The cross-sectional area of ​​the strip-shaped flow channel gradually decreases from the end closer to the inlet end to the end closer to the outlet end.

[0008] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a waste heat recovery system for coke oven gas. The two-stage latent heat recovery component has an output pipe, which is used to connect with the coke oven gas collection pipe and to supply raw coal gas to the coke oven gas collection pipe. The output pipe is equipped with an opening and closing adjustment component, which is used to adjust the opening and closing degree of the output pipe to maintain a positive pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber.

[0009] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a coke oven gas waste heat recovery system, wherein the on / off regulating component includes: The middle flap is hinged to the output pipe via a hinge shaft and is positioned close to the axis of the output pipe. A side flap is hinged inside the output pipe, and the side flap is located outside the middle flap, and is used to cooperate with the middle flap to block the output pipe; A drive connecting rod is hinged at one end to the middle flap and at the other end to the side flap, so as to realize the synchronous rotation of the middle flap and the side flap, and the rotation of the middle flap and the side flap adjusts the opening.

[0010] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a coke oven gas waste heat recovery system, wherein the on / off regulating component further includes: A swing rod is connected to one end of the hinge shaft of the middle flap, and the swing rod is used to swing to drive the middle flap to rotate through the hinge shaft; An electric cylinder is hinged to the outside of the output pipe, and the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder is connected to the swing rod.

[0011] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a waste heat recovery system for coke oven gas. The two-stage latent heat recovery assembly also includes an upper input cavity, a middle heat exchange cavity, and a lower output cavity that are connected sequentially from top to bottom; The upper input cavity is connected to the riser pipe, and the output pipe is connected to the lower part of the lower output cavity.

[0012] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a waste heat recovery system for coke oven gas. The middle heat exchange cavity is provided with several heat exchange tubes for raw coal gas to pass through. The upper end of the heat exchange tube penetrates the top wall of the middle heat exchange cavity and communicates with the upper input cavity. The lower end of the heat exchange tube penetrates the bottom wall of the middle heat exchange cavity and communicates with the lower output cavity. A heat exchange medium flow channel is formed between adjacent heat exchange tubes. The middle heat exchange cavity has a latent heat recovery inlet and a latent heat recovery outlet that communicate with the heat exchange medium flow channel. The latent heat recovery inlet and the latent heat recovery outlet are used to connect to a latent heat recovery device.

[0013] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a waste heat recovery system for coke oven gas. The cross-sectional area of ​​the heat exchange tube gradually increases from bottom to top.

[0014] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a waste heat recovery system for coke oven gas. A central channel is formed in the middle of the heat exchange cavity, and the heat exchange tube is located on the outer periphery of the central channel. The two ends of the central channel are respectively connected to the upper input cavity and the lower output cavity. A switch plate is hinged inside the intermediate channel, and the switch plate can be rotated to open the intermediate channel.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, the riser pipe serves as the outlet channel for raw coal gas, with its inlet end directly connected to the coke oven carbonization chamber to ensure rapid outlet of the raw coal gas. The initial sensible heat recovery component is fitted around the outer periphery of the riser pipe near the inlet end. At this point, the raw coal gas has just exited the carbonization chamber, its temperature is at its highest range, and no significant phase change has occurred. The initial sensible heat recovery component can efficiently absorb the sensible heat of the raw coal gas directly through the riser pipe wall, avoiding sensible heat loss during subsequent flow and improving the efficiency of sensible heat recovery. The second-stage latent heat recovery component is connected to one side of the riser pipe outlet end, receiving the raw coal gas processed by the initial sensible heat recovery component. At this point, the raw coal gas temperature has dropped to the phase change range of easily condensable components. The second-stage latent heat recovery component can specifically recover the latent heat released during this phase change, achieving a stepped recovery of the sensible and latent heat of the raw coal gas. The cover is hinged to the outlet end of the riser pipe, reliably sealing it and ensuring the airtightness of the riser pipe's interior during normal production, preventing the unorganized escape of raw coal gas. During coal charging, coke pushing, or other operations requiring the outlet end to be opened, the cover can be flexibly opened. Combined with the ignition head at the outlet end, it can ignite the escaped raw coal gas while the cover is open, preventing flammable and toxic components in the raw coal gas from polluting the environment or causing safety risks, achieving a synergy between operational adaptability and safety / environmental protection. The primary sensible heat recovery component and the secondary latent heat recovery component are arranged around the riser pipe, forming an integrated structural design that reduces the overall system space occupied. The connection paths between components are simple, reducing installation and maintenance difficulty. The linkage design between the cover and the ignition head, as well as the tiered heat exchange design of the primary sensible heat recovery component and the secondary latent heat recovery component, ensure that the entire system meets the core functions of raw coal gas extraction and waste heat recovery while also taking into account the process requirements and safety / environmental protection requirements of coke oven production. This solves the problems of incomplete waste heat recovery and untimely treatment of escaped coal gas in traditional coke ovens. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a coke oven waste gas waste heat recovery system according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a coke oven waste gas waste heat recovery system in one embodiment. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the main structure of a coke oven waste gas waste heat recovery system in one embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the AA section structure; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure of B in the middle section; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the C-shaped structure. Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the two-stage latent heat recovery component in the embodiment. Figure 1 ; Figure 8 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the two-stage latent heat recovery component in the embodiment. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structure of the two-stage latent heat recovery component in the embodiment; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the DD section structure; Figure 11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat exchange cavity in the two-stage latent heat recovery assembly in the embodiment; Figure 12 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat exchange tube in the embodiment.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-riser pipe, 11-inlet end, 12-outlet end, 21-cover, 22-ignition head, 3-initial sensible heat recovery assembly, 31-coil, 32-heat exchange inlet end, 33-heat exchange outlet end, 34-shell, 35-insulation cavity, 36-heat conduction plate, 4-secondary latent heat recovery assembly, 41-output pipe, 42-upper input cavity, 43-middle heat exchange cavity, 431-heat exchange mass flow channel, 432-latent heat recovery inlet, 433-latent heat recovery outlet, 44-lower output cavity, 45-intermediate channel, 46-heat exchange tube body, 47-switch plate, 5-opening and closing adjustment assembly, 51-middle flap, 52-side flap, 53-drive connecting rod, 54-swing rod, 55-electric cylinder, 61-negative pressure nozzle, 62-coking nozzle assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it.

[0020] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0021] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0023] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0024] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] like Figures 1-12As shown, this invention illustrates a coke oven raw gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The inlet end 11 of the riser pipe 1 is connected to the top outlet of the coke oven carbonization chamber. The inner cavity of the riser pipe 1 extends axially to form a flow channel for the raw gas. The cover 21 is hinged to the edge of the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1 via a hinge shaft. The hinge shaft extends radially along the outlet end 12, and the cover 21 can rotate around the hinge shaft to close or open the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1. An ignition head 22 is fixedly mounted on one side of the end face of the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1 (the ignition head 22 can be an electric heating tube). The primary sensible heat recovery component 3 is coaxially sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the riser pipe 1, and its axial arrangement corresponds to the section of the riser pipe 1 near the inlet end 11. A closed sensible heat exchange cavity is formed between the primary sensible heat recovery component 3 and the outer peripheral wall of the riser pipe 1. The primary sensible heat recovery component 3 is provided with a sensible heat medium inlet and a sensible heat medium outlet communicating with the sensible heat exchange cavity. The sensible heat medium inlet and the sensible heat medium outlet are used to connect and disconnect the heat exchange medium, respectively. The secondary latent heat recovery component 4 is connected to one side of the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1 through a transition pipe. One end of the transition pipe is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1, and the inner cavity of the transition pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the riser pipe 1. The input end of the secondary latent heat recovery component 4 is fixedly connected to the other end of the transition pipe, so that the raw coal gas in the riser pipe 1 can flow into the secondary latent heat recovery component 4 through the transition pipe.

[0026] In the working process, the raw coal gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber enters the inner cavity of the riser pipe 1 through the inlet end 11. The raw coal gas flows axially towards the outlet end 12 along the riser pipe 1. During this process, the sensible heat carried by the raw coal gas is transferred through the pipe wall of the riser pipe 1 to the sensible heat exchange chamber of the primary sensible heat recovery component 3. The heat exchange medium enters the sensible heat exchange chamber through the sensible heat medium inlet, absorbs the sensible heat, and is then discharged through the sensible heat medium outlet, completing the initial recovery of the sensible heat of the raw coal gas. The raw coal gas, after the sensible heat has been recovered by the primary sensible heat recovery component 3, continues to flow to the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1 and enters the secondary latent heat recovery component 4 through the transition pipe. In the secondary latent heat recovery component 4, the raw coal gas exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium. The easily condensable components in the raw coal gas undergo a phase change and release latent heat, which is recovered by the secondary latent heat recovery component 4. When the coke oven needs to open the cover 21 for operations such as coal charging, coke pushing, or equipment maintenance, the cover 21 rotates around the hinge shaft to open the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1. At this time, the ignition head 22 starts synchronously to ignite the raw coal gas escaping from the outlet end 12. After the above operations are completed, the cover 21 rotates in the opposite direction to close the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1, and the ignition head 22 stops working.

[0027] In this embodiment, the riser pipe 1 serves as the outlet channel for raw coal gas, with its inlet end 11 directly connected to the coke oven carbonization chamber to ensure rapid outlet of the raw coal gas. The initial sensible heat recovery component 3 is fitted around the outer periphery of the riser pipe 1 near the inlet end 11. At this time, the raw coal gas has just been outleted from the carbonization chamber, and its temperature is in the highest range without significant phase change. The initial sensible heat recovery component 3 can directly and efficiently absorb the sensible heat of the raw coal gas through the pipe wall of the riser pipe 1, avoiding sensible heat loss during subsequent flow and improving the efficiency of sensible heat recovery. The second-stage latent heat recovery component 4 is connected to one side of the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1 and receives the raw coal gas processed by the initial sensible heat recovery component 3. At this time, the temperature of the raw coal gas drops to the phase change range of the easily condensable components. The second-stage latent heat recovery component 4 can specifically recover the latent heat released by this phase change, realizing the cascade recovery of sensible and latent heat of the raw coal gas. The cover 21 is hinged to the outlet end 12 of the riser pipe 1, reliably covering the outlet end 12 to ensure the airtightness of the inner cavity of the riser pipe 1 during normal production, preventing the unorganized escape of raw coal gas. In conditions requiring the outlet end 12 to be opened, such as during coal charging or coke pushing, the cover 21 can be opened flexibly. Combined with the ignition head 22 at the outlet end 12, it can ignite the escaped raw coal gas while the cover 21 is open, preventing flammable and toxic components in the raw coal gas from polluting the environment or causing safety risks, thus achieving a synergy between adaptability to operating conditions and safety and environmental protection. The primary sensible heat recovery component 3 and the secondary latent heat recovery component 4 are arranged around the riser pipe 1, forming an integrated structural design that reduces the overall space occupied by the system. The connection paths between components are simple, reducing the difficulty of installation and maintenance. The linkage design of the cover 21 and the ignition head 22, as well as the stepped heat exchange design of the primary sensible heat recovery component 3 and the secondary latent heat recovery component 4, enable the entire system to meet the core functions of raw coal gas export and waste heat recovery while taking into account the process requirements and safety and environmental protection requirements of coke oven production, and solve the problems of incomplete waste heat recovery of raw coal gas and untimely treatment of escaping coal gas in traditional coke ovens.

[0028] Furthermore, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the coil 31 of the initial sensible heat recovery component 3 is spirally wound around the outer peripheral wall of the riser pipe 1 along the axial direction. The two ends of the coil 31 extend to form a heat exchange inlet end 32 and a heat exchange outlet end 33, respectively. The shell 34 is a cylindrical structure open at both ends, coaxially sleeved around the outer periphery of the coil 31. Both ends of the shell 34 are sealed to the outer peripheral wall of the riser pipe 1, forming a closed space between the shell 34, the outer peripheral wall of the riser pipe 1, and the coil 31. The heat exchange inlet end 32 and the heat exchange outlet end 33 penetrate the side wall of the shell 34 and are sealed at the penetration points. The heat exchange medium enters the coil 31 through the heat exchange inlet end 32, flows along the spiral path of the coil 31, exchanges heat with the raw coal gas in the riser pipe 1, and is then discharged through the heat exchange outlet end 33. The insulation cavity 35 of the shell 34 can be filled with insulation medium or a vacuum structure can be used to enhance the insulation effect and prevent heat loss.

[0029] In this embodiment, the coil 31 is wound around the outer periphery of the riser pipe 1, increasing the contact area with the riser pipe 1, extending the heat exchange path between the heat exchange medium and the riser pipe 1, and improving the efficiency of sensible heat recovery. The shell 34 is fitted around the outer periphery of the coil 31 and has a heat-insulating cavity 35, which can reduce the heat exchange between the coil 31 and the external environment, reduce heat loss, and ensure the stability of sensible heat recovery. The heat exchange inlet end 32 and the heat exchange outlet end 33 penetrate the shell 34 and are sealed to ensure the closed flow of the heat exchange medium in the coil 31 and prevent leakage.

[0030] Furthermore, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the sensible heat recovery section of the riser pipe 1 is the section near the inlet end 11 and fitted with the initial sensible heat recovery assembly 3. The cross-sectional area of ​​this section decreases linearly from the inlet end 11 to the outlet end 12 (not shown in the figure, similar to a conical structure). Several heat-conducting plates 36 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the sensible heat recovery section of the riser pipe 1. One side of each heat-conducting plate 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the riser pipe 1, and the other side extends along the axial direction of the riser pipe 1 to the end of the sensible heat recovery section. Two adjacent heat-conducting plates 36 and the inner wall of the riser pipe 1 enclose a strip-shaped flow channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​this strip-shaped flow channel gradually changes synchronously with the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensible heat recovery section of the riser pipe 1 (not shown in the figure), that is, it decreases linearly from the end near the inlet end 11 to the end near the outlet end 12.

[0031] In this embodiment, the heat-conducting plate 36 extends axially and is distributed circumferentially along the riser pipe 1, which increases the contact area between the raw coal gas and the inner wall of the riser pipe 1, while breaking the flow boundary layer of the raw coal gas, enhancing heat transfer, and improving sensible heat recovery efficiency. The gradually changing cross-sectional area design of the sensible heat recovery section and the strip-shaped flow channel of the riser pipe 1, on the one hand, allows the flow velocity of the raw coal gas to gradually increase during the flow process, reduces the dead angle of the raw coal gas in the pipe, ensures full contact between the raw coal gas and the pipe wall and the heat-conducting plate 36, and further improves the heat exchange uniformity. On the other hand, it can increase the interaction force between the raw coal gas and the heat-conducting plate 36 and the inner wall of the riser pipe 1, and improve the heat transfer efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, one end of the output pipe 41 of the two-stage latent heat recovery component 4 is fixedly connected to the lower output cavity 44 of the two-stage latent heat recovery component 4, and the other end is used to connect to the inlet flange of the coke oven gas collecting pipe. The inner cavity of the output pipe 41 is connected to the inner cavity of the lower output cavity 44 and the gas collecting pipe. The opening and closing adjustment component 5 is located in the middle of the output pipe 41, and its adjustment range covers the entire cross-section of the output pipe 41. By adjusting the opening degree of the opening and closing adjustment component 5, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the raw coal gas in the output pipe 41 is changed, thereby adjusting the output rate of the raw coal gas to maintain the positive pressure environment in the coke oven carbonization chamber.

[0033] In this embodiment, the output pipe 41 serves as the connection channel between the second-stage latent heat recovery component 4 and the gas collecting pipe, ensuring that the raw coal gas after latent heat recovery is smoothly introduced into the gas collecting pipe to complete the subsequent purification and collection process. The opening and closing adjustment component 5 can control the output rate of the raw coal gas by adjusting the opening and closing degree of the output pipe 41. When the amount of raw coal gas generated in the carbonization chamber is large, the opening degree is increased to accelerate the output and avoid excessive pressure causing raw coal gas to overflow; when the amount of raw coal gas generated is reduced, the opening degree is decreased to slow down the output and avoid excessively low pressure forming a negative pressure, thereby stabilizing the positive pressure state in the carbonization chamber, protecting the coke oven body, and preventing air intake from causing coke burnout. In conjunction with the heat exchange function of the second-stage latent heat recovery component 4, the process stability of coke oven production is taken into account while ensuring waste heat recovery.

[0034] Furthermore, refer to Figure 5 As shown, the middle flap 51 of the opening / closing adjustment assembly 5 is hinged to the inner wall of the output pipe 41 via a hinge shaft. The size of the middle flap 51 is adapted to the inner diameter of the output pipe 41, and it can rotate around the hinge shaft to cover or avoid the inner cavity of the output pipe 41. The side flap 52 is hinged to the inner wall of the output pipe 41 via a hinge shaft. The side flap 52 is located on one side of the middle flap 51, and its size matches that of the middle flap 51, together covering the inner cavity of the output pipe 41. The drive connecting rod 53 (such as...) Figure 5 One end of the flap 51 is hinged to the hinge shaft end of the middle flap 51 via a hinge pin, and the other end is hinged to the hinge shaft end of the side flap 52 via a hinge pin (together forming a parallel four-bar linkage structure). When the middle flap 51 rotates around its hinge shaft, the side flap 52 is driven to rotate synchronously around its hinge shaft via the drive connecting rod 53, so as to realize the synchronous adjustment of the opening degree of the middle flap 51 and the side flap 52.

[0035] Two side flaps 52 can be set, located on both sides of the middle flap 51 respectively. Each side flap 52 is hinged to the middle flap 51 through a drive connecting rod 53 to achieve synchronous linkage of the three flaps; or the two ends of the drive connecting rod 53 are respectively hinged to the middle of the middle flap 51 and the side flap 52.

[0036] In this embodiment, the combined design of the central flap 51 and the side flap 52 can fully cover the inner cavity of the output pipe 41, ensuring the effectiveness of the opening adjustment. The drive connecting rod 53 enables the synchronous rotation of both, making the opening adjustment uniform and consistent, avoiding the turbulence of raw coal gas flow caused by sudden changes in local flow cross-sectional area, and ensuring the stability of raw coal gas output. Compared with the single flap structure, the multi-flap linkage structure reduces the size and rotational resistance of a single flap, improves the flexibility and accuracy of adjustment, and can quickly respond to changes in carbonization chamber pressure, adjusting the opening in a timely manner to maintain positive pressure. The adaptive design of this structure with the output pipe 41, while ensuring the pressure regulation function, reduces the obstruction to the flow of raw coal gas, and works in conjunction with the waste heat recovery function of the second-stage latent heat recovery component 4 to achieve a balance between process stability and recovery efficiency.

[0037] Furthermore, refer to Figure 8 As shown, one end of the swing rod 54 of the opening / closing adjustment assembly 5 is fixedly connected to the end of the hinge shaft of the middle flap 51 that passes through the wall of the output pipe 41. The swing rod 54 extends radially outward along the output pipe 41. The electric cylinder 55 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the output pipe 41 by a bracket. The telescopic rod of the electric cylinder 55 is arranged radially along the output pipe 41, and its end is hinged to the free end of the swing rod 54 by a hinge pin. When the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder 55 extends or retracts, it drives the swing rod 54 to swing around the hinge shaft of the middle flap 51, thereby driving the middle flap 51 to rotate. Through the drive connecting rod 53, the side flap 52 is driven to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the opening adjustment.

[0038] In this embodiment, the electric cylinder 55, as a driving component, controls the swing angle of the swing rod 54, thereby adjusting the opening degree of the middle flap 51 and the side flap 52 to ensure that the pressure in the carbonization chamber remains stable within the set range. The swing rod 54 enables force transmission between the electric cylinder 55 and the flap hinge shaft, ensuring structural reliability and reducing transmission losses. This driving structure, in conjunction with the flap linkage structure of the opening and closing adjustment assembly 5, achieves automated and precise pressure regulation, reduces manual operation intensity, and improves the reliability and stability of system operation.

[0039] Furthermore, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the upper input cavity 42, the middle heat exchange cavity 43, and the lower output cavity 44 of the two-stage latent heat recovery assembly 4 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction. The lower end of the upper input cavity 42 is connected to the upper end of the middle heat exchange cavity 43, and the lower end of the middle heat exchange cavity 43 is connected to the upper end of the lower output cavity 44. The upper end of the upper input cavity 42 is provided with a connection port, which is fixedly connected to the other end of the transition pipe. The raw coal gas in the transition pipe can enter the upper input cavity 42 through this connection port. The side wall of the lower output cavity 44 is provided with an interface, which is fixedly connected to one end of the output pipe 41. The raw coal gas that has completed latent heat recovery can enter the output pipe 41 through this interface. The inner cavities of the upper input cavity 42, the middle heat exchange cavity 43, and the lower output cavity 44 are sequentially connected, forming a complete flow path for the raw coal gas within the two-stage latent heat recovery assembly 4.

[0040] In this embodiment, the layout of the three cavities—upper input cavity 42, middle heat exchange cavity 43, and lower output cavity 44—connected in sequence allows the raw coal gas to flow smoothly through the two-stage latent heat recovery component 4 along a preset path, providing a stable flow environment for latent heat recovery and realizing the orderly connection between waste heat recovery and raw coal gas output.

[0041] Furthermore, refer to Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, several heat exchange tubes 46 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the intermediate heat exchange cavity 43. The two ends of each heat exchange tube 46 penetrate the upper and lower end walls of the intermediate heat exchange cavity 43, respectively. The upper end of the heat exchange tube 46 is connected to the inner cavity of the upper input cavity 42, and the lower end is connected to the inner cavity of the lower output cavity 44. The raw coal gas in the upper input cavity 42 can flow into the lower output cavity 44 through the heat exchange tubes 46. The gap between adjacent heat exchange tubes 46 forms a heat exchange medium flow channel 431. The side wall of the heat exchange cavity 43 is provided with a latent heat recovery inlet 432 and a latent heat recovery outlet 433. The latent heat recovery inlet 432 and the latent heat recovery outlet 433 are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat exchange medium flow channel 431. The heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange medium flow channel 431 through the latent heat recovery inlet 432, exchanges heat with the raw coal gas in the heat exchange tube 46, and is then discharged through the latent heat recovery outlet 433.

[0042] Parallel technical solutions: The heat exchange tubes 46 can be arranged in a ring-like multi-layer pattern along the radial direction of the intermediate heat exchange cavity 43, increasing the density of the heat exchange tubes 46 within the intermediate heat exchange cavity 43; or the heat exchange tubes 46 can adopt a spiral tube structure, extending the flow path of the raw coal gas within the tubes. Multiple latent heat recovery inlets 432 and latent heat recovery outlets 433 can be provided, evenly distributed on the sidewalls of the intermediate heat exchange cavity 43, enabling multi-channel entry and exit of the heat exchange medium and improving heat exchange uniformity.

[0043] In this embodiment, the uniform arrangement of several heat exchange tubes 46 increases the contact area between the raw coal gas and the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange tubes 46 connect the upper input cavity 42 and the lower output cavity 44, ensuring the flow of raw coal gas and providing a carrier for heat exchange. The cooperation between the heat exchange mass flow channel 431 and the latent heat recovery inlet 432 and latent heat recovery outlet 433 realizes a closed circulation of the heat exchange medium, which can efficiently absorb the latent heat released by the phase change of the raw coal gas in the heat exchange tubes 46. The design of the multi-layered heat exchange tubes 46 and the multi-channel heat exchange medium interface further improves the efficiency and uniformity of latent heat recovery. In conjunction with the three-section cavity structure of the two-stage latent heat recovery component 4, the latent heat of the raw coal gas is maximized.

[0044] Furthermore, refer to Figure 12 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat exchange tube 46 increases linearly from the end near the lower output cavity 44 to the end near the upper input cavity 42 (for example, it is cone-shaped). That is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the upper end of the heat exchange tube 46 is larger than that of the lower end. After the raw coal gas in the upper input cavity 42 enters the upper end of the heat exchange tube 46, it can form a contraction flow in the tube, which gradually increases the flow velocity. This can not only remove impurities from the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 46, but also increase the interaction force with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 46, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency.

[0045] Furthermore, refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the intermediate heat exchange cavity 43 has an annular cavity structure, with a through area in its middle forming an intermediate channel 45. The upper end of the intermediate channel 45 communicates with the inner cavity of the upper input cavity 42, and the lower end communicates with the inner cavity of the lower output cavity 44. The switch plate 47 is hinged to the side wall hinge seat of the intermediate channel 45 via a hinge shaft. The size of the switch plate 47 is adapted to the cross-sectional area of ​​the intermediate channel 45. The switch plate 47 can rotate around the hinge shaft to achieve complete closure or complete opening of the intermediate channel 45.

[0046] In this embodiment, the annular structure of the intermediate heat exchange chamber 43 and the design of the central channel 45 form a dual-channel layout of "outer ring heat exchange and central direct passage". Under normal waste heat recovery conditions, the switch plate 47 closes the central channel 45, forcing the raw coal gas to flow through the outer ring heat exchange tube 46 to complete latent heat recovery. When a large amount of raw coal gas is generated during coal loading or other processes, the switch plate 47 opens the central channel 45, allowing the raw coal gas to be quickly discharged through the central channel 45, thus improving the emission efficiency of the raw coal gas. This structure, in conjunction with the heat exchange function of the two-stage latent heat recovery component 4, balances the sufficiency of waste heat recovery with the smoothness of emergency discharge of raw coal gas, improving the system's adaptability to operating conditions and operational safety.

[0047] Furthermore, refer to Figure 10 and Figure 8 As shown, a negative pressure nozzle 61 and a coking nozzle assembly 62 are fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the upper input cavity 42. The nozzle of the negative pressure nozzle 61 faces the upper inlet of the intermediate channel 45. When the intermediate channel 45 is open, the nozzle 61 sprays ammonia water, which can create a negative pressure in the intermediate channel 45, enhancing the suction capacity of the raw coal gas in the riser pipe 1. The coking nozzle assembly 62 consists of several nozzles, which are evenly arranged circumferentially along the top of the upper input cavity 42. The nozzles face the upper inlet of the heat exchange tube 46 (in conjunction with the gradually changing cross-sectional area design of the heat exchange tube 46, the possibility of the nozzle impacting the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 46 is increased, which can further improve the cleaning effect). It can directionally spray high-pressure ammonia water to clean the coking on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 46. A cooling nozzle assembly is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower output cavity 44. Several nozzles of the cooling nozzle assembly are evenly distributed around the circumference of the lower output cavity 44. The nozzle nozzles face the lower outlet of the heat exchange tube 46 and can spray ammonia water to finally cool the raw coal gas after latent heat recovery.

[0048] In this embodiment, the negative pressure created by the negative pressure nozzle 61 spraying ammonia water towards the intermediate channel 45 can quickly draw in a large amount of raw coal gas in the riser pipe 1 during coal charging, preventing the raw coal gas from escaping from the furnace door and other parts. The coking cleaning nozzle group 62 sprays high-pressure ammonia water in a directional manner, which can promptly remove coking from the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 46, ensuring the heat exchange efficiency and smooth flow of the heat exchange tube 46. The cooling nozzle group can finally cool down the raw coal gas after latent heat recovery, so that it meets the temperature requirements of subsequent processes. The structure of this nozzle group works in conjunction with the intermediate channel 45 and the heat exchange tube 46 of the two-stage latent heat recovery component 4 to achieve multi-functional integration of negative pressure suction, anti-coking maintenance and raw coal gas cooling. This not only ensures the long-term stable operation of the waste heat recovery system, but also adapts to the process requirements of coke oven production, improving the overall practicality of the system.

[0049] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat recovery system for coke oven raw gas, characterized in that, include: Ascending pipe (1), the lower end of the ascending pipe (1) is the inlet end (11) and the upper end is the outlet end (12). The inlet end (11) is used to communicate with the coke oven carbonization chamber. The cover (21) is hinged to the riser pipe (1). The cover (21) is used to rotate and cover the outlet end (12). The outlet end (12) is provided with an ignition head (22). The initial sensible heat recovery component (3) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the riser pipe (1) and close to the inlet end (11). The initial sensible heat recovery component (3) is used to initially recover the sensible heat of the raw coal gas. The two-stage latent heat recovery component (4) is located on the side of the riser pipe (1) and is connected to the riser pipe (1). The two-stage latent heat recovery component (4) is set near the outlet end (12). The two-stage latent heat recovery component (4) is used to recover the latent heat of the raw coal gas.

2. The coke oven gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial stage sensible heat recovery component (3) includes: A coil (31) is wound around the outer periphery of the riser (1), and the coil (31) has a heat exchange inlet end (32) and a heat exchange outlet end (33). The shell (34) is fitted around the outer periphery of the coil (31), and the heat exchange inlet end (32) and the heat exchange outlet end (33) both penetrate the shell (34). The shell (34) has a heat insulation cavity (35).

3. The coke oven gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The portion of the riser pipe (1) around which the coil (31) is located is a sensible heat recovery section. Several heat-conducting plates (36) are arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the sensible heat recovery section of the riser pipe (1). The heat-conducting plates (36) extend along the axial direction of the riser pipe (1). The cross-sectional area of ​​the sensible heat recovery section of the riser (1) gradually decreases from the inlet end (11) to the outlet end (12), and a strip flow channel is formed between two adjacent heat conduction plates (36), the cross-sectional area of ​​the strip flow channel gradually decreases from the end near the inlet end (11) to the end near the outlet end (12).

4. The coke oven gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-stage latent heat recovery component (4) has an output pipe (41) for connecting with the coke oven gas collection pipe and for supplying raw coal gas to the coke oven gas collection pipe. The output pipe (41) is provided with an opening and closing adjustment component (5), which is used to adjust the opening and closing degree of the output pipe (41) to maintain a positive pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber.

5. A coke oven gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The opening and closing adjustment component (5) includes: The middle flap (51) is hinged to the output pipe (41) via a hinge shaft and is located close to the axis of the output pipe (41); A side flap (52) is hinged inside the output pipe (41). The side flap (52) is located outside the middle flap (51) and is used to cooperate with the middle flap (51) to block the output pipe (41). The drive connecting rod (53) is hinged at one end to the middle flap (51) and at the other end to the side flap (52) so as to realize the synchronous rotation of the middle flap (51) and the side flap (52). The middle flap (51) and the side flap (52) rotate to adjust the opening.

6. A coke oven gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The opening and closing adjustment component (5) also includes: A swing rod (54) is connected to one end of the hinge shaft of the middle flap (51). The swing rod (54) is used to swing to drive the middle flap (51) to rotate through the hinge shaft. An electric cylinder (55) is hinged to the outside of the output pipe (41), and the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder (55) is connected to the swing rod (54).

7. A coke oven waste gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two-stage latent heat recovery assembly (4) also includes an upper input cavity (42), a middle heat exchange cavity (43) and a lower output cavity (44) connected sequentially from top to bottom. The upper input cavity (42) is connected to the riser pipe (1), and the output pipe (41) is connected to the lower output cavity (44) below.

8. A coke oven gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The middle heat exchange cavity (43) is provided with several heat exchange tubes (46) for supplying raw coal gas. The upper end of the heat exchange tube (46) penetrates the top wall of the middle heat exchange cavity (43) and communicates with the upper input cavity (42). The lower end of the heat exchange tube (46) penetrates the lower wall of the middle heat exchange cavity (43) and communicates with the lower output cavity (44). A heat exchange medium flow channel (431) is formed between adjacent heat exchange tubes (46). The middle heat exchange cavity (43) has a latent heat recovery inlet (432) and a latent heat recovery outlet (433) that are connected to the heat exchange medium flow channel (431). The latent heat recovery inlet (432) and the latent heat recovery outlet (433) are used to connect to a latent heat recovery device.

9. A coke oven gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the heat exchange tube (46) gradually increases from bottom to top.

10. A coke oven waste gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The middle heat exchange cavity (43) forms a middle channel (45), the heat exchange tube (46) is located on the outer periphery of the middle channel (45), and the two ends of the middle channel (45) are respectively connected to the upper input cavity (42) and the lower output cavity (44); A switch plate (47) is hinged inside the intermediate channel (45), and the switch plate (47) can rotate to open the intermediate channel (45).

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