Online switching system for heat exchanger in acid making process

Abstract

The invention provides a heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process, which relates to the technical field of sulfuric acid preparation and comprises two sets of plate heat exchangers, two sets of differential pressure trigger components, a three-way valve, a valve core component, two sets of check valves and two sets of cooling components, the differential pressure trigger assembly comprises a power connection part and two deflection parts which are located on the outlet sides of the heat exchangers and deflect reversely under pressure, two outlets of the three-way valve are connected with the inlet sides of the two heat exchangers respectively, the valve element assembly comprises a horizontally-moving valve rod and a motor provided with a power receiving part, the valve rod is provided with a locking part, an inlet of the check valve is connected with an outlet of the three-way valve, and the opening and closing part is in linkage with the motor. When the pressure difference of the inlet and the outlet of a certain heat exchanger exceeds the limit and the driver is powered on to drive the valve rod to the first preset position, the corresponding check valve is fully opened, and when the driver is driven to the third preset position, the check valve is fully closed, and meanwhile the motor is powered off. Automatic, rapid and reliable online switching of the plate heat exchanger is achieved by integrating mechanisms such as differential pressure triggering, mechanical transmission and electric control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sulfuric acid preparation technology, and in particular to an online switching system for heat exchangers in an acid production process. Background Technology

[0002] In acid production processes, the gas cooling tower plate heat exchanger (referred to as plate heat exchanger) is the core equipment of the purification section. Its core function is to rapidly cool and dehydrate the high-temperature (typically 60~70℃) and high-humidity gas from the dynamic wave scrubber. By using circulating water as a medium, the gas temperature is reduced to below 40℃ to meet the process requirements of subsequent drying towers and conversion processes. This process directly affects the stability of the system's acid concentration (e.g., primary acid concentration ≥98%) and the continuity of production.

[0003] To prevent plate heat exchangers from experiencing decreased heat exchange efficiency and increased system resistance due to acid sludge buildup, periodic shutdowns for cleaning are necessary. To ensure production continuity, industrial systems typically employ a dual-heat exchanger configuration (i.e., a main plate heat exchanger and a standby plate heat exchanger connected in parallel). This allows for continuous operation during periods when a single unit is offline for cleaning, achieved through switching operations. Specifically, the switching operation of the dual heat exchangers relies on manual intervention. When the main plate heat exchanger needs cleaning due to acid sludge blockage, operators must manually adjust the pipeline valve group on-site to disconnect the main plate heat exchanger's path and activate the standby plate heat exchanger. Furthermore, the valve switching is based on temperature sensor monitoring of the outlet flue gas temperature (e.g., early warning of excessive outlet temperature at the secondary air-cooled tower). Ultimately, this mode avoids complete production shutdowns under a single heat exchanger configuration.

[0004] However, the manual valve operation is time-consuming, resulting in a persistently high outlet flue gas temperature during the switching period, causing the acid concentration in the first intake to drop below 98%. To maintain the acid concentration, the booster fan opening must be reduced, causing a reduction in system production (based on battery-grade sulfuric acid, a single cleaning results in a reduction of approximately 500 tons / year, with an economic loss of 200,000 yuan). Moreover, the system relies entirely on temperature sensors to trigger switching commands. If the sensor fails or the signal is distorted, the switching procedure cannot be initiated in time, and the high-temperature flue gas will directly enter subsequent processes, causing uncontrolled acid concentration, equipment corrosion, and production fluctuations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes an online switching system for heat exchangers in acid production processes, aiming to achieve fully automatic, rapid, and reliable online switching of plate heat exchangers, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of traditional manual operation and reliance on a single sensor.

[0006] The online switching system for heat exchangers in the acid production process according to an embodiment of the present invention includes two sets of plate heat exchangers, two sets of differential pressure triggering components, a three-way valve, a valve core assembly, two sets of check valves, and two cooling components. Both sets of plate heat exchangers are provided with a hot runner that runs through their bodies. Both sets of differential pressure triggering components include a first deflection part, a second deflection part, and a grounding part arranged coaxially. The first deflection part and the second deflection part are located on the outlet side of the two sets of hot runners. The first deflection part and the second deflection part are configured to generate deflections in opposite directions when subjected to pressure, thereby applying a restoring torque in opposite directions to the grounding part. The first outlet and the second outlet of the three-way valve are respectively connected to the hot runner inlet of the two sets of plate heat exchangers. The valve core assembly includes a first valve stem movably disposed at the inlet of the three-way valve and a motor for driving the first valve stem to move horizontally. Both sets of motors are provided with a receiving part. The first valve stem is provided with two sets of locking parts. The inlets of the two sets of check valves are respectively connected to the first outlet and the second outlet of the three-way valve. Both sets of check valves are provided with an opening and closing part that is drivenly connected to the corresponding set of motors. The inlets of the two sets of cooling components are respectively connected to the outlets of the first check valve and the second check valve. Specifically, when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet sides of one set of hot runners exceeds a preset value, the corresponding grounding part moves to the corresponding receiving part and forms an electrical connection with it; simultaneously, the corresponding motor is driven to the first valve stem, and the corresponding locking part restricts the displacement of the grounding part; when the first valve stem is driven to the first preset position or the second preset position, the corresponding opening and closing part is in a fully open state; when the first valve stem is driven to the third preset position or the fourth preset position, the corresponding opening and closing part is in a fully closed state, the locking part releases the restriction on the grounding part, and the grounding part moves in the opposite direction to separate from the receiving part, and the corresponding motor disconnects from the first valve stem.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the differential pressure triggering assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably disposed within the flow channel, blades loosely fitted on the rotating shaft, and a positive electrode block and a negative electrode block insulatedly disposed on the rotating shaft. The blades are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft via a first elastic element, the first elastic element being configured to generate a restoring torque when the shaft and the blades undergo relative torsion. The positive electrode block and / or the negative electrode block are rotatably connected to the shell of the plate heat exchanger via a second elastic element, the second elastic element being configured to generate a restoring torque when the positive electrode block and / or the negative electrode block undergo relative torsion with the shell of the plate heat exchanger.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the check valve includes a valve body, a second valve stem, and a third elastic element. The valve body has a fluid cavity. One end of the second valve stem is slidably disposed in the fluid cavity, and the other end of the second valve stem extends outside the fluid cavity. The motor is connected to the second valve stem via a wheel transmission mechanism to drive the second valve stem to move and close or open the fluid cavity. The third elastic element is configured to generate a restoring torque when the second valve stem opens the fluid cavity.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wheel transmission mechanism includes a first driving gear, a driven gear, a self-rotating transmission shaft, and a chain. The first driving gear is sleeved on the drive shaft of the motor, the driven gear is sleeved on the drive shaft of the transmission shaft, the chain connects the first driving gear and the driven gear, and the transmission shaft is drivenly connected to the second valve stem. An electromagnetic part is provided on the drive shaft of the motor, and a permanent magnet is provided on the first valve stem. When the grounding part and the receiving part form an electrical connection, an electromagnetic connection is generated between the electromagnetic part and the permanent magnet.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second valve stem is provided with a protrusion in the radial direction, and a turntable is sleeved on the transmission shaft. The end face of the turntable is provided with a limiting groove matching the protrusion in the circumferential direction. When the turntable rotates, it drives the second valve stem to reciprocate linearly through the limiting groove.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the drive shaft of the motor is connected to the first driving gear through a worm gear transmission structure.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the positive electrode block and / or the negative electrode block are provided with opposing limiting arms along the radial direction, and a locking space is formed between the two limiting arms. An elastic block that cooperates with the locking space is movably disposed on the first valve stem. The elastic block can move horizontally along the axial direction of the first valve stem when the first valve stem is rotated. When the first valve stem is driven to the third preset position or the fourth preset position, the elastic block disengages from the locking space.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a mounting plate is fixedly provided on the three-way valve, the first valve stem is rotatably disposed on the mounting plate, the first valve stem is provided with a threaded portion, the mounting plate is provided with a sliding groove, the elastic block has a fixed portion and an elastic portion, the fixed portion is slidably disposed in the sliding groove and is threadedly connected to the threaded portion.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the edge of the elastic portion is obliquely fitted with the edge of the positive electrode block or the negative electrode block.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second driving gear is sleeved on the rotating shaft, a first friction rod is provided on one end face of the second driving gear, a rack that meshes with the second driving gear is slidably arranged on the shell of the plate heat exchanger, a first inclined block and a second wedge are provided offset along the edge of the rack along its extension direction, a second friction rod is slidably arranged on the shell of the plate heat exchanger along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the second friction rod is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft, a slide rod is slidably arranged on the shell of the plate heat exchanger along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the slide rod is parallel to the rotating shaft, a first T-shaped swing arm is rotatably connected to the second friction rod and the slide rod, a second T-shaped swing arm is rotatably connected at the joint of the first T-shaped swing arm, a first stop post and a second stop post facing opposite directions are provided at both ends of the horizontal arm of the second T-shaped swing arm, the vertical arm of the second T-shaped swing arm is limited within a preset angle, and a fourth elastic element in a stretched state is provided at the joint of the second T-shaped swing arm and the end of the vertical arm of the first T-shaped swing arm.

[0016] The online switching system for heat exchangers in the acid production process according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The differential pressure triggering component monitors the inlet and outlet differential pressure changes of the heat exchanger's hot flow channel in real time (reflecting the degree of acid sludge blockage). Once the differential pressure exceeds the limit, the motor-driven valve core assembly is automatically activated to complete the coordinated action of the three-way valve and the check valve, realizing the switching of the two sets of plate heat exchangers. The entire process requires no manual intervention, significantly shortening the switching time and avoiding the problem of continuously high flue gas temperature caused by traditional manual valve operation, thus reducing system production reduction caused by switching. Among them, the differential pressure triggering component is designed based on the mechanical deflection principle. The first and second deflection parts generate a restoring torque through the reverse deflection under pressure, directly responding to the physical change of the flow channel resistance. Compared to traditional temperature sensor monitoring, this system avoids switching delays caused by sensor failure or signal distortion. Furthermore, the electrical connection mechanism between the power supply and receiving parts, combined with the limiting function of the locking mechanism, ensures accurate transmission of trigger signals and reliable linkage of the actuators, reducing the risk of misoperation or missed operation. In addition, through the transmission connection design between the valve core assembly and the check valve, the system can precisely control the valve stem position during switching, ensuring that the opening and closing parts are fully open or closed at specific preset positions. The locking mechanism's intervention and release achieve self-locking and reset functions. This mechanical interlocking structure guarantees the sequentiality and integrity of the switching actions.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and some of these additional aspects and advantages will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plate heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the online switching system for heat exchangers in an acid production process according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-way valve in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the differential pressure triggering component in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wheel transmission mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the locking part in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the check valve in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a check valve according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a first-view assembly diagram of the rotating shaft in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a second-view assembly diagram of the rotating shaft in one embodiment of the present invention; The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, "multiple sets" refers to two or more sets. The use of "first" and "second" is for distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0022] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the plate heat exchanger consists of a set of rectangular metal plates pressed into a frame. Each plate has corrugated protrusions embossed on it and distribution holes at its four corners. Rubber or fluororubber gaskets are placed between adjacent plates, forming a narrow and long fluid channel. In this application, the plate heat exchanger has a heat medium inlet and a cooling water inlet on one end, and a heat medium outlet and a cooling water outlet on the other end. The heat medium inlet and outlet are coaxially arranged, and the heat medium inlet, outlet, and the fluid channel formed within the plates together form a hot flow channel 111 for transporting the heat medium.

[0024] Reference Figures 2 to 10 As shown, an online switching system for heat exchangers in an acid production process according to an embodiment of the present invention includes two sets of plate heat exchangers (110, 120), two sets of differential pressure triggering components 200, a three-way valve 300, a valve core assembly 400, two sets of check valves (510, 520), and two sets of cooling components (610, 620).

[0025] Specifically, both sets of plate heat exchangers (110, 120) are provided with a hot flow channel 111 that runs through their bodies.

[0026] Both sets of differential pressure triggering components 200 include a first deflection part, a second deflection part, and a grounding part arranged coaxially. The first deflection part and the second deflection part are located on the outlet side of the two sets of hot runners 111. The first deflection part and the second deflection part are both configured to generate deflections in opposite directions when subjected to pressure, and apply a restoring torque in opposite directions to the grounding part, causing the grounding part to rotate toward the side with a larger restoring torque.

[0027] The three-way valve 300 has an outlet 310 on the left and an outlet 320 on the right, and an inlet 330 located between the outlets 310 and 320. The outlets 310 and 320 are respectively connected to the inlets of the hot flow channels 111 of the two sets of plate heat exchangers (110, 120).

[0028] The valve core assembly 400 includes a first valve stem 410 that is sealed and movably connected to the inlet 330, and two sets of motors (421, 422) for driving the first valve stem 410 to move horizontally. When motor 421 is in operation, motor 421 drives the first valve stem 410 to move horizontally to the left. At this time, the first valve stem 410 gradually closes the flow channel between the inlet 330 and the outlet 310, and gradually opens the flow channel between the inlet 330 and the outlet 320. When motor 422 is in operation, motor 422 drives the first valve stem 410 to move horizontally to the right. At this time, the first valve stem 410 gradually closes the flow channel between the inlet 330 and the outlet 320, and gradually opens the flow channel between the inlet 330 and the outlet 310.

[0029] Both sets of motors (421, 422) are equipped with a receiving part 423. When the receiving part 423 contacts the grounding part, an electrical connection is formed, allowing external electrical energy to be transmitted sequentially from the grounding part and the receiving part 423 to the motors (421, 422). Simultaneously, the drive shafts of both sets of motors (421, 422) are connected to the first valve stem 410, at which point the motors (421, 422) enter the working state. When the receiving part 423 is disconnected from the grounding part, external electrical energy cannot be transmitted to the motors (421, 422), and the drive shafts of the motors (421, 422) are disconnected from the first valve stem 410, at which point the motors (421, 422) are in a non-working state.

[0030] To ensure a stable contact between the grounding part and the receiving part 423 when the motors (421, 422) are in operation, the first valve stem 410 is provided with two sets of locking parts 411. When the grounding part and the receiving part 423 are in contact, the locking parts 411 restrict the displacement of the grounding part.

[0031] The inlets of the two sets of check valves (510, 520) are connected to the outlets 310 and 320 of the three-way valve 300, respectively. Each set of check valves (510, 520) is equipped with an opening / closing part (530, 540) that is connected to a corresponding set of motor drives. When the first valve stem 410 is driven from the rightmost end to the left to the first preset position, the opening / closing part of the check valve 510 is fully open. When the first valve stem 410 is driven further to the left to the third preset position, the opening / closing part of the check valve 510 is fully closed. When the first valve stem 410 is driven from the leftmost end to the right to the second preset position, the opening / closing part of the check valve 520 is fully open. When the first valve stem 410 is driven further to the right to the fourth preset position, the opening / closing part of the check valve 520 is fully closed. This configuration prevents large fluctuations in the pressure of the transmitted hot gas from affecting the acid production process.

[0032] It should be noted that the first preset position corresponds to the flow channel between inlet 330 and outlet 310 being in a state between fully open and fully closed; the second preset position corresponds to the flow channel between inlet 330 and outlet 320 being in a state between fully open and fully closed; the third preset position corresponds to the flow channel between inlet 330 and outlet 310 being in a fully open state; and the fourth preset position corresponds to the flow channel between inlet 330 and outlet 320 being in a fully closed state. For example, the first preset position corresponds to the flow channel between inlet 330 and outlet 310 being at a 10% opening degree, and the second preset position corresponds to the flow channel between inlet 330 and outlet 320 being at a 10% opening degree.

[0033] The inlets of the two sets of cooling components (610, 620) are connected to the outlets of check valves 510 and 520, respectively. The check valves (510, 520) divert a portion of the hot gas to the cooling components (610, 620). Then, through the cooling of the cooling components (610, 620), during the switching process of the two sets of plate heat exchangers (110, 120), the problem of a continuous increase in the outlet flue gas temperature and a decrease in the concentration of the primary acid can be prevented. At the same time, it can also ensure that the flow rate of the supplied hot gas does not fluctuate greatly.

[0034] Understandably, along the direction of travel of the hot runner 111, the fluid pressure gradually decreases due to obstruction (e.g., friction between the fluid and the plate surface), so the inlet pressure of the plate heat exchanger 110 is greater than that of its outlet.

[0035] In this embodiment, when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet sides of one set of hot runners 111 exceeds a preset value, the corresponding grounding part moves to the corresponding receiving part 423 and forms an electrical connection with it. At the same time, the corresponding motor is driven to the first valve stem 410, and the corresponding locking part 411 restricts the displacement of the grounding part. When the first valve stem 410 is driven to the first preset position or the second preset position, the corresponding opening and closing part is in a fully open state. When the first valve stem 410 is driven to the third preset position or the fourth preset position, the corresponding opening and closing part is in a fully closed state, the corresponding locking part 411 releases the restriction on the grounding part, and the grounding part moves in the opposite direction to separate from the receiving part 423, and the corresponding motor is disconnected from the first valve stem 410.

[0036] To better understand the working principle of this embodiment, for example, when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet sides of the plate heat exchanger 110 exceeds a preset value, the grounding part in the first set of pressure difference triggering components 200 rotates to one side and contacts the receiving part 423 on the motor 421 to form an electrical connection. The motor 421 drives the first valve stem 410 to move horizontally to the left until the first valve stem 410 completely closes the flow channel between the inlet 330 and the outlet 310. When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet sides of the plate heat exchanger 120 exceeds a preset value, the grounding part in the second set of pressure difference triggering components 200 rotates to one side and contacts the receiving part 423 on the motor 422 to form an electrical connection. The motor 422 drives the first valve stem 410 to move horizontally to the right until the first valve stem 410 completely closes the flow channel between the inlet 330 and the outlet 320.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the differential pressure triggering assembly 200 includes a rotating shaft 210 rotatably disposed within the hot runner 111, two sets of blades 220 loosely fitted on the rotating shaft 210, and a positive electrode block 230 and a negative electrode block 240 insulatedly disposed on the rotating shaft 210.

[0038] Specifically, both sets of blades 220 are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 210 via a first elastic element 250. The first set of blades is located on the inlet side of the hot runner 111, and the rotational engagement of the first set of blades with the rotating shaft 210 forms a first deflection portion. The second set of blades is located on the outlet side of the hot runner 111, and the rotational engagement of the second set of blades with the rotating shaft 210 forms a second deflection portion. The first elastic element 250 is configured to generate a restoring torque when the shaft 210 and the blades 220 undergo relative torsion. The positive electrode block 23... The positive electrode 230 or negative electrode 240 is rotatably connected to the shell of the plate heat exchanger (110, 120) via the second elastic element 260. The positive electrode 230 and negative electrode 240 form a grounding part. The second elastic element 260 is configured to generate a restoring torque when the positive electrode 230 is relatively twisted with the shell of the plate heat exchanger (110, 120), or the second elastic element 260 is configured to generate a restoring torque when the negative electrode 240 is relatively twisted with the shell of the plate heat exchanger (110, 120).

[0039] For example, both the first elastic element 250 and the second elastic element 260 are cylindrical torsion springs. The blade 220 is loosely fitted on the rotating shaft 210. One end of the first torsion spring is connected to the blade 220, and the other end of the first torsion spring is connected to the shaft body of the rotating shaft 210. The bending deflection directions of the two sets of blades 220 are opposite. The positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 are both fitted on the rotating shaft 210. At the same time, one end of the second torsion spring is connected to the positive electrode block 230, or the other end of the second torsion spring is connected to the negative electrode block 240. The other end of the second torsion spring is connected to the shell of the plate heat exchanger (110, 120).

[0040] To better understand the working principle of this embodiment, since the elastic deformation of the first torsion spring is greater than that of the second torsion spring, when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet sides of the hot flow channel 111 of the plate heat exchanger 110 exceeds a preset value, the rotating shaft 210 in the hot flow channel 111 of the plate heat exchanger 110 will rotate to one side. The rotation of the rotating shaft 210 simultaneously drives the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 to rotate to the same side until the receiving part 423 on the motor 421 contacts the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 and forms an electrical connection. At this time, the motor 421 drives the first valve stem 410 to move horizontally to the left until the first valve stem 410 completely closes the flow channel between the inlet 330 and the outlet 310. Then, the locking part 411 releases the restriction on the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240. At the same time, the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 move in opposite directions under the action of the second torsion spring and separate from the receiving part 423. The motor 421 is disconnected from the first valve stem 410. Similarly, when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet sides of the hot flow channel 111 of the plate heat exchanger 120 exceeds the preset value, the rotating shaft 210 in the hot flow channel 111 of the plate heat exchanger 120 will rotate to one side. The rotation of the rotating shaft 210 will simultaneously drive the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 to rotate on the same side until the receiving part 423 on the motor 422 contacts the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 and forms an electrical connection. At this time, the motor 422 drives the first valve stem 410 to move horizontally to the right until the first valve stem 410 completely closes the flow channel between the inlet 330 and the outlet 320. Then, the locking part 411 releases the restriction on the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240. At the same time, the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 move in opposite directions under the action of the second torsion spring and separate from the receiving part 423. The motor 422 is disconnected from the first valve stem 410.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the check valve (510, 520) includes a valve body 511, a second valve stem 512, and a third elastic element 513.

[0042] Specifically, the valve body 511 has a fluid cavity 514. The lower end of the second valve stem 512 slides radially within the fluid cavity 514, and the upper end of the second valve stem 512 extends outside the fluid cavity 514. The motors (421, 422) are connected to the second valve stem 512 via a wheel transmission mechanism 700. When the motors (421, 422) are in operation, they drive the second valve stem 512 to move and close or open the fluid cavity 514. The third elastic element 513 is configured to generate a restoring torque when the second valve stem 512 opens the fluid cavity 514, preventing vibration from causing the fluid cavity 514, which needs to be closed, to open.

[0043] For example, the third elastic element 513 is a cylindrical spring that is sleeved on the stem of the second valve stem 512 and is compressed.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the wheel transmission mechanism 700 includes a first driving gear 710, a driven gear 720, a self-rotating transmission shaft 730, and a chain 740.

[0045] Specifically, the first driving gear 710 is sleeved on the drive shaft of the motor (421, 422), the transmission shaft 730 can be rotatably mounted on the housing of the three-way valve 300, or on the pipe connecting the three-way valve 3000, or rotatably mounted on a fixed bracket, the driven gear 720 is sleeved on the drive shaft of the transmission shaft 730, the chain 740 connects the first driving gear 710 and the driven gear 720, and the transmission shaft 730 is connected to the second valve stem 512. An electromagnetic part 424 is provided on the drive shaft of the motor (421, 422). When the electromagnetic part 424 is energized, it can generate a magnetic field. A permanent magnet 412 is provided on the first valve stem 410. When the grounding part and the receiving part 423 form an electrical connection, the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic part 424 and the permanent magnet 412 are electromagnetically connected, thereby connecting the drive shaft of the motor (421, 422) with the first valve stem 410. When the drive shaft of the motor (421, 422) rotates, it will drive the first valve stem 410 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction. At the same time, the drive shaft 730 is driven to rotate through the wheel transmission mechanism 700. During the rotation of the drive shaft 730, the drive shaft 730 drives the second valve stem 512 to move up and down, thereby dynamically adjusting the opening degree of the fluid cavity 514.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the second valve stem 512 has a radially arranged protrusion 515, and a turntable 731 is sleeved on the drive shaft 730. The end face of the turntable 731 has a circumferentially arranged limiting groove 732 that matches the protrusion 515. During assembly, the protrusion 515 is inserted into the limiting groove 732. When the turntable rotates, the protrusion 515 moves up and down under the limiting action of the limiting groove 732, thereby causing the second valve stem 512 to also move up and down.

[0047] Understandably, by adjusting the transmission ratio of the wheel transmission mechanism 700, when the first valve stem 410 is driven from the rightmost end to the left to the first preset position, or when the first valve stem 410 is driven from the leftmost end to the right to the second preset position, the second valve stem 512 moves upward to the highest point position; and when the first valve stem 410 is driven to the left to the third preset position, or when the first valve stem 410 is driven to the right to the fourth preset position, the second valve stem 512 moves downward to the lowest point position.

[0048] Alternatively, the wheel drive mechanism 700 can be a chain drive mechanism or a belt drive mechanism.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drive shaft of the motor (421, 422) is connected to the first drive gear 710 through a worm gear transmission structure (not shown in the figures). Specifically, the worm is mounted on the drive shaft of the motor (421, 422), and the worm gear is coaxially mounted on the first drive gear 710. In this way, the self-locking function of the worm gear transmission structure can prevent the first valve stem 410 from driving the transmission shaft 730 to rotate in the reverse direction, thus preventing the fluid cavity 514 that needs to be closed from being opened by vibration or fluid fluctuation.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240 is provided with opposing limiting arms 232 along the radial direction. The clamping area between the two limiting arms 232 forms a locking space. An elastic block 413 that cooperates with the locking space is movably provided on the first valve stem 410. The elastic block 413 can move horizontally along the axial direction of the first valve stem 410 when the first valve stem 410 rotates.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the first valve stem 410 is driven to the third preset position or the fourth preset position, the elastic block 413 disengages from the locking space. At this time, since the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240 loses the obstruction of the elastic block 413, the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 move in opposite directions under the action of the second elastic element 260 and separate from the power receiving part 423. At this time, the motor (421, 422) is disconnected from the first valve stem 410.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, a mounting plate 340 is fixedly mounted on the three-way valve 300. A first valve stem 410 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 340. The first valve stem 410 has a threaded portion 414. The mounting plate 340 has a sliding groove 341. The elastic block 413 has a fixed portion 4131 and an elastic portion 4132. The fixed portion 4131 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 341 and is threadedly connected to the threaded portion 414. The elastic portion 4132 is fixed to the fixed portion 4131 by a compressed spring. When the first valve stem 410 rotates forward and backward, the sliding groove 341 restricts the fixed portion 4131 from rotating with the first valve stem 410. At this time, the fixed portion 4131 will move horizontally along the axial direction of the first valve stem 410. For example, when the first valve stem 410 rotates clockwise, the fixing part 4131 moves horizontally to the left along the axial direction of the first valve stem 410, and when the first valve stem 410 rotates counterclockwise, the fixing part 4131 moves horizontally to the right along the axial direction of the first valve stem 410.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6As shown, the edge of the elastic part 4132 is obliquely engaged with the edge of the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240. When the edge of the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240 rotates to contact the edge of the elastic part 4132, due to the oblique engagement, the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240 will push the elastic part 4132 upward. When the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240 is fully inserted into the locking space, the elastic part 4132 moves downward under the action of the elastic force, so that the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240 is stuck in the locking space. When the grounding part and the receiving part 423 are electrically connected, the motor (421, 422) drives the first valve stem 410 to rotate. At this time, the fixing part 4131 and the elastic part 4132 move horizontally along the axial direction of the first valve stem 410. When the elastic part 4132 moves out from the edge of the limiting arm 232, the positive electrode block 230 or the negative electrode block 240 disengages from the locking space. At this time, the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 move in opposite directions under the action of the second elastic element 260 and separate from the receiving part 423, thereby causing the motor (421, 422) to disconnect from the first valve stem 410.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, a second driving gear 214 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 210. A first friction rod 215 is provided on one end face of the second driving gear 214. A rack 130 that meshes with the second driving gear 214 is slidably arranged on the shell of the plate heat exchanger (110, 120). A first inclined block 131 and a second wedge block 132 are offset along the edge of the rack 130 along its extension direction. A second friction rod 140 is slidably arranged on the shell of the plate heat exchanger (110, 120) along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210. The second friction rod 140 is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 210. A sliding rod 1 is slidably arranged on the shell of the plate heat exchanger (110, 120) along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210. 50. The slide rod 150 is arranged parallel to the rotating shaft 210. The second friction rod 140 is rotatably connected to the slide rod 150. The joint of the first T-shaped swing arm 910 is rotatably connected to the second T-shaped swing arm 920. The horizontal arm of the second T-shaped swing arm 920 is provided with a first stop post 921 and a second stop post 922 facing opposite directions at both ends. The vertical arm of the second T-shaped swing arm 920 is limited within a preset angle. Specifically, a stop block 930 can be provided on the shell of the plate heat exchanger (110, 120) that is arranged oppositely. The joint of the second T-shaped swing arm 920 and the end of the vertical arm of the first T-shaped swing arm 910 are provided with a fourth elastic element 940 in a stretched state.

[0055] In this embodiment, as the rotating shaft 210 rotates towards the receiving part 423, the first inclined block 131 acts on the first stop post 921, causing the second T-shaped swing arm 920 to rotate to one side until the vertical arm of the second T-shaped swing arm 920 abuts against the stop block 930. At this time, under the elastic force generated by the fourth elastic element 940, the first T-shaped swing arm 910 rotates in the opposite direction relative to the second T-shaped swing arm 920, and then the second T-shaped swing arm 920 pushes the second friction rod 140 to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210, causing the first friction rod 215 to separate from the second friction rod 140. As the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 move in opposite directions to their initial positions under the action of the second torsion spring... The second inclined block 132 acts on the second stop post 922, causing the second T-shaped swing arm 920 to rotate to the other side until the vertical arm of the second T-shaped swing arm 920 abuts against the stop block 930 on the other side. At this time, under the action of the elastic force generated by the fourth elastic element 940, the first T-shaped swing arm 910 rotates in the opposite direction to the second T-shaped swing arm 920. Then, the second T-shaped swing arm 920 pushes the second friction rod 140 to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210, so that the first friction rod 215 contacts the second friction rod 140, thereby providing a larger friction force and avoiding large fluctuations or vibrations that cause the position of the rotating shaft to deviate significantly, causing the positive electrode block 230 and the negative electrode block 240 to re-contact with the receiving part 423.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, both cooling assemblies (610, 620) include a cooling tank 611 and a buffer tank 622. The inlet of the buffer tank 622 receives the hot medium supplied by the check valves (510, 520) and delivers it to the cooling tank 611. The hot medium, cooled by the cooling tank 611, is then delivered from the outlet of the buffer tank 622 to the next processing equipment. It should be noted that both the cooling tank 611 and the buffer tank 622 are prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the online switching system for the heat exchanger in the acid production process also includes two sets of safety valves (not shown in the figures). The inlets of the two sets of safety valves are respectively connected to the outlets 310 and 320 of the three-way valve 300. This arrangement can prevent the equipment from being damaged due to excessive system pressure.

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An on-line heat exchanger switching system in an acid making process, characterized by, The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly.

2. The heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly.

3. The heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process according to claim 2, characterized in that, The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. The application relates to a differential pressure triggered valve assembly. 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The heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wheel type transmission mechanism comprises a first driving gear, a driven gear, a self-rotating transmission shaft and a chain, the first driving gear is sleeved on the driving shaft of the motor, the driven gear is sleeved on the driving shaft of the transmission shaft, the chain connects the first driving gear and the driven gear, and the transmission shaft is in driving connection with the second valve rod; An electromagnetic part is arranged on the driving shaft of the motor, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the first valve rod, so that when the power receiving part and the power receiving part form an electrical connection, the electromagnetic part and the permanent magnet form an electromagnetic connection.

5. The heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second valve rod is provided with a convex column in the radial direction, a rotating disc is sleeved on the transmission shaft, the end face of the rotating disc is provided with a limiting groove matched with the convex column in the circumferential direction, and when the rotating disc rotates, the second valve rod is driven to move linearly back and forth through the limiting groove.

6. The heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The driving shaft of the motor is connected with the first driving gear through a worm gear transmission structure.

7. The heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process according to claim 1, wherein, The positive electrode block and / or the negative electrode block are provided with oppositely arranged limiting arms in the radial direction, a locking space is formed between the two limiting arms, an elastic block matched with the locking space is movably arranged on the first valve rod, and the elastic block can move horizontally along the axial direction of the first valve rod when the first valve rod rotates. When the first valve rod is driven to the third preset position or the fourth preset position, the elastic block is separated from the locking space.

8. The heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the three-way valve, the first valve rod is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, a threaded part is arranged on the first valve rod, a sliding groove is arranged on the mounting plate, the elastic block has a fixed part and an elastic part, the fixed part is slidably arranged in the sliding groove and is in threaded connection with the threaded part.

9. The heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process according to claim 8, characterized in that, The edge of the elastic part is in inclined engagement with the edge of the positive electrode block or the negative electrode block.

10. The heat exchanger on-line switching system in an acid making process according to claim 2, characterized in that, A second driving gear is sleeved on the rotating shaft, a first friction rod is arranged on one side end face of the second driving gear, a rack engaged with the second driving gear is slidably arranged on the shell of the plate heat exchanger, first inclined blocks and second inclined blocks are arranged on the edge of the rack in a staggered manner along the extension direction of the rack, a second friction rod is slidably arranged on the shell of the plate heat exchanger along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the second friction rod is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft, a sliding rod is slidably arranged on the shell of the plate heat exchanger along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the sliding rod is arranged in parallel with the rotating shaft, a first T-shaped swing arm is rotatably connected to the second friction rod and the sliding rod, a second T-shaped swing arm is rotatably connected to the joint of the first T-shaped swing arm, first and second stop columns facing opposite directions are arranged at the two ends of the horizontal arm of the second T-shaped swing arm, the vertical arm of the second T-shaped swing arm is limited within a preset angle, and a fourth elastic element in a stretched state is arranged at the joint of the second T-shaped swing arm and the end part of the vertical arm of the first T-shaped swing arm.

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